A device for soil removal and root separation of ginseng root and a working method thereof

Abstract

The application provides a device for soil removal and root separation of gentiana root system and a working method thereof. The device comprises a feeding port, a sliding hammer impact mechanism, an eccentric vibrating conveyor belt, an extrusion roller pair, a main motor, a turnover plate, a flexible rubber belt beating mechanism, a rack, a concave-convex roller system combing mechanism and a collecting tank. The eccentric vibrating conveyor belt comprises an upper eccentric vibrating conveyor belt and a lower eccentric vibrating conveyor belt. The extrusion roller pair comprises an inclined extrusion roller pair and a horizontal extrusion roller pair connected with each other. The sliding hammer impact mechanism, the flexible rubber belt beating mechanism and the eccentric vibrating conveyor belt realize the separation of the root system and the soil through knocking, beating and vibrating. The extrusion roller pair and the concave-convex roller system combing mechanism damage the net structure formed by the entanglement of the root systems of different plants through extrusion and pulling, so that the root separation effect of different plants is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, and more particularly to a device for removing soil and separating roots of gentian and its working method. Background Technology

[0002] Most existing gentian root-soil removal equipment uses vibration to break down the soil structure in the gentian root-soil complex, breaking it down into small soil particles that detach from the root network, thus separating the roots from the soil.

[0003] Existing gentian root removal equipment can only separate the roots from large soil particles, but it does not solve the problems of soil particles attached to the root network and root entanglement. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new type of root removal and separation device to overcome the shortcomings of existing technology. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a device and its operating method for separating and removing roots from the soil of gentian. The sliding hammer impact mechanism, flexible tape striking mechanism, and eccentric vibrating conveyor belt in this invention achieve root separation from the soil through knocking, patting, and vibration. The extrusion roller group and planetary roller combing mechanism in this invention break down the entangled network structure of different plant roots through extrusion and pulling, achieving root separation of different plants.

[0005] The technical means employed in this invention are as follows:

[0006] A device for removing soil and separating roots of gentian roots includes: a feed inlet, a sliding hammer impact mechanism, an eccentric vibrating conveyor belt, an extrusion roller group, a main motor, a tilting plate, a flexible tape striking mechanism, a frame, a concave-convex roller combing mechanism, and a material collection trough. The eccentric vibrating conveyor belt includes an upper eccentric vibrating conveyor belt and a lower eccentric vibrating conveyor belt. The extrusion roller group includes inclined extrusion rollers and horizontal extrusion rollers connected to each other.

[0007] The feed inlet is installed on the upper left side of the frame; the convex-concave roller combing mechanism is installed on the lower left side of the frame; the material collection trough is connected to the bottom left side of the frame; the sliding hammer impact mechanism is installed on the upper right side of the frame; the upper eccentric vibrating conveyor belt is installed on the middle right side of the frame; the lower eccentric vibrating conveyor belt is installed on the lower right side of the frame; the flexible tape impact mechanism is installed on the middle right side of the frame, located between the upper and lower eccentric vibrating conveyor belts; and the tilting plate is installed on the right side of the frame. In the middle side layer, the flipping plate is on the same layer as the flexible tape striking mechanism and located to the right of the flexible tape striking mechanism. The extrusion roller group is installed in the middle right side layer of the frame. The extrusion roller group is located to the right of the upper eccentric vibrating conveyor belt and the flexible tape striking mechanism. The main motor is installed at the bottom right side of the frame and connected to the flat extrusion roller. The flat extrusion roller is connected to the sliding hammer impact mechanism and the flexible tape striking mechanism. The sliding hammer impact mechanism is connected to the upper eccentric vibrating conveyor belt. The flexible tape striking mechanism is connected to the lower eccentric vibrating conveyor belt.

[0008] Furthermore, the sliding hammer impact mechanism includes 2 to 5 sliding hammer impact wheels, pulley I, bearing seat I, sprocket I, and chain I. Multiple sliding hammer impact wheels are arranged laterally at equal intervals on the frame. Each sliding hammer impact wheel includes two wheel frame seats and a hammer shaft. Multiple hammer shafts are connected between the two wheel frame seats, and multiple hammers with the same installation direction are mounted on each hammer shaft. Both ends of each sliding hammer impact wheel are mounted on the bearing seat I via bearings. The bearing seat I is mounted on the first layer of the frame's crossbeam. A sprocket I is connected to the right side of each sliding hammer impact wheel, and the chain I is connected to multiple sprockets I.

[0009] The multiple sliding hammer impact wheels rotate at the same speed and in the same direction during operation. A pulley I is connected to the left side of the rearmost sliding hammer impact wheel, and this pulley I is connected to the flat extrusion rollers. A pulley I is connected to the left side of the foremost sliding hammer impact wheel, and this pulley I is connected to the drive pulley I of the upper eccentric vibrating conveyor belt via a belt. Power is input from the pulley I on the left side of the rearmost sliding hammer impact wheel, and is output to the other sliding hammer impact wheels via the sprocket I and chain I. The power is then output to the upper eccentric vibrating conveyor belt via the pulley I on the left side of the foremost sliding hammer impact wheel.

[0010] Furthermore, the plurality of hammer blades are sequentially fitted onto the grooves opened on the hammer blade shaft, and the hammer blades rotate around the hammer blade shaft;

[0011] The hammer blade includes a long rod and a ring. The ring includes a left ring and a right ring. One end of the right ring is rotatably connected to one end of the left ring by a rotating pin. The other end of the right ring is connected to the long rod and to the other end of the left ring by an open-ring pin. The ring is opened and closed by inserting and pulling the open-ring pin.

[0012] The length of the vertical tail at the end of the hammer blade is 10-25mm, the spacing between adjacent hammer blades is 15-30mm, and 3-6 hammer blade shafts are installed on the wheel frame seat. Each hammer blade shaft has 20-28 hammer blades, and the working spacing is 500-700mm.

[0013] Furthermore, the upper eccentric vibrating conveyor belt includes an active eccentric roller I, an active pulley I, multiple driven rollers I, a bearing housing II, and a mesh conveyor belt I. The active eccentric roller I and the multiple driven rollers I are arranged in parallel and spaced apart. The mesh conveyor belt I is connected to the active eccentric roller I and the multiple driven rollers I. The driven rollers I are non-eccentric rollers. The active eccentric roller I drives the multiple driven rollers I to rotate.

[0014] The driving pulley I is installed on the left side of the driving eccentric roller I and is connected to the pulley I of the belt sliding hammer impact mechanism; the multiple driven rollers I serve as support rollers to support the mesh conveyor belt I;

[0015] Both ends of the active eccentric roller I and the driven roller I are mounted on bearing housing II via bearings, and the bearing housing II is mounted on the second layer of crossbeam of the frame;

[0016] The active eccentric roller I includes a roller section and shaft heads connected to both ends of the roller section. The roller section and the shaft heads are eccentrically arranged, and the eccentric distance between the roller section and the shaft heads is 3 to 10 mm.

[0017] The mesh conveyor belt I has a number of screen holes evenly distributed on it. The screen holes are square holes with a size of 2 to 4 cm, and the spacing between the square holes is 2 to 4 cm in all directions.

[0018] Furthermore, the lower eccentric vibrating conveyor belt and the upper eccentric vibrating conveyor belt have the same active eccentric roller and mesh conveyor belt structure, but different power transmission and steering.

[0019] The lower eccentric vibrating conveyor belt includes a driven gear, a driving gear, a mesh conveyor belt II, a bearing housing V, a driving eccentric roller II, multiple driven rollers II, a reversing shaft, and a pulley III. The driving eccentric roller II and the multiple driven rollers II are arranged in parallel and spaced apart. The mesh conveyor belt II is connected to the driving eccentric roller II and the multiple driven rollers II. The driven rollers II are non-eccentric rollers. The driven gear is installed on the right side of the driving eccentric roller II, and the driving gear is installed on the reversing shaft. The driven gear and the driving gear are meshed together.

[0020] The reversing shaft is located between the driving eccentric roller II and the driven roller II. The pulley III is mounted on the reversing shaft and is connected to the driven pulley II of the flexible belt impact mechanism via a belt. The multiple driven rollers II serve as idlers to support the mesh conveyor belt II.

[0021] Both ends of the active eccentric roller II, the driven roller II, and the reversing shaft are mounted on bearing housing V via bearings, and the bearing housing V is mounted on the fourth layer of crossbeam of the frame;

[0022] The power is input to the reversing shaft, and then transmitted to the driving eccentric roller II through the driving gear at the right end of the reversing shaft. The driving eccentric roller II drives multiple driven rollers II to rotate.

[0023] Furthermore, the inclined extrusion rollers are arranged above the flat extrusion rollers. Both the inclined and flat extrusion rollers consist of a driven extrusion roller and a driven extrusion roller. The driven extrusion roller of the inclined extrusion roller is mounted on a short crossbeam between the second and third crossbeams of the frame. The driven and driven extrusion rollers of the flat extrusion roller are mounted opposite each other on the inner sides of two vertical beams between the second and third crossbeams. Both ends of each extrusion roller are mounted on bearing housing III via bearings, and bearing housing III is mounted on the frame.

[0024] Each active extrusion roller is equipped with a pulley at both ends. The main motor is connected to the active pulley II on the left side of the active extrusion roller of the flat extrusion roller pair. The pulley on the right side of the active extrusion roller of the flat extrusion roller pair is connected to the pulley on the right side of the active extrusion roller of the inclined extrusion roller pair via a belt. The driven pulley on the left side of the active extrusion roller of the inclined extrusion roller pair is connected to the pulley I of the sliding hammer impact mechanism via a belt.

[0025] Each extrusion roller has cylindrical protrusions arranged in a spiral pattern along the axial direction, with a pitch of 500–700 mm. The driving extrusion roller and the driven extrusion roller rotate in opposite directions.

[0026] Furthermore, the flexible tape striking mechanism includes a sprocket II, a tape, a chain II, a pulley II, a bearing seat IV, and 2 to 5 tape mounting shafts. Sprocket II is mounted on the right side of each of the tape mounting shafts, and the chain II is connected to the multiple sprockets II. A pulley II is connected to the right side of each of the tape mounting shafts located at the foremost and the rearmost positions. The pulley II of the foremost tape mounting shaft is connected to the pulley III of the lower eccentric vibrating conveyor belt via a belt, and the pulley II of the rearmost tape mounting shaft is connected to the drive pulley II of the flat extrusion roller via a belt. Both ends of each tape mounting shaft are mounted on the bearing seat IV via bearings, and the bearing seat IV is mounted on the frame.

[0027] Each tape mounting shaft has multiple tape mounting plates arranged spirally at equal intervals, and each tape mounting plate is fixed with tape. The tape is made of flexible rubber material, and 15 to 25 tapes are installed on the tape mounting shaft, with a total working width of 500 to 700 mm.

[0028] Furthermore, the convex-concave roller combing mechanism includes a motor, a coupling, a motor support, a bearing housing VI, a pulley IV, a reversing gear, multiple convex rollers, and multiple concave rollers. The motor is mounted on the motor support, which is welded to the B longitudinal beam of the frame. The multiple convex rollers and multiple concave rollers constitute 5 or 9 convex-concave rollers arranged vertically in two or three rows, and the arrangement sequence of the convex-concave rollers is 2, 3 or 2, 3, 4.

[0029] When there are 5 convex and concave rollers, there are two convex rollers and three concave rollers. One convex roller and two concave rollers are arranged in a left column, with the convex roller placed between the two concave rollers; one convex roller and two concave rollers are arranged in a right column. Both ends of the three rollers in the left column are mounted on bearing seats IV via bearings, and bearing seats IV are mounted on the B and D longitudinal beams of the frame. Both ends of the two rollers in the right column are mounted on bearing seats IV via bearings, and bearing seats IV are mounted on the A and C longitudinal beams of the frame.

[0030] The top left concave roller is connected to the motor at one end via a coupling, and pulley IV is installed at the other end; a reversing gear is installed at one end of the two rollers in the right row, and pulley IV is installed at the other end; a pulley IV is installed at one end of the bottom concave roller in the left row; the pulley IV of the top left concave roller is connected to the pulley IV of the top right concave roller via a belt, the reversing gear of the top right concave roller meshes with the reversing gear of the bottom right convex roller, and the pulley IV of the bottom right convex roller is connected to the pulley IV of the bottom left concave roller.

[0031] The present invention also provides a method for operating a device for separating and separating gentian roots from soil, comprising the following steps:

[0032] Step 1: Place the gentian root-soil composite into the feed inlet. The gentian root-soil composite slides down the bottom plate of the feed inlet onto the upper eccentric vibrating conveyor belt. The active eccentric roller I of the upper eccentric vibrating conveyor belt rotates clockwise, which in turn rotates the mesh conveyor belt I and the idler rollers clockwise. The mesh conveyor belt I carries the gentian root-soil composite falling above it from left to right. The 2 to 5 sliding hammer impact wheels in the sliding hammer impact mechanism above the upper eccentric vibrating conveyor belt rotate clockwise. Under the action of the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the sliding hammer impact wheels, the center of gravity of the hammer and the axis of the hammer are aligned in a straight line. When the hammer hits the composite, it converts its own inertia into an impact force to strike the gentian root-soil composite, breaking up the larger soil clods in the gentian root-soil composite and causing the soil to separate from the gentian root-soil composite.

[0033] Step 2: The gentian root-soil composite material, after being struck by the hammers, is conveyed off the upper eccentric vibrating conveyor belt and falls into the upper inclined extrusion rollers of the extrusion roller assembly. The active extrusion roller in the upper inclined extrusion roller assembly rotates clockwise, causing the gentian root-soil composite material to move downwards under the action of the active extrusion roller and fall into the lower horizontal extrusion roller assembly. The driven extrusion roller, under the frictional force generated by the downward movement of the gentian root-soil composite material, rotates counterclockwise. The active extrusion roller in the lower horizontal extrusion roller assembly rotates clockwise, causing the gentian root-soil composite material to move downwards under the action of the active extrusion roller and fall onto the tilting plate. The driven extrusion roller, under the frictional force generated by the downward movement of the gentian root-soil composite material, rotates counterclockwise. The composite rotates counterclockwise under the frictional force generated by the downward movement of the composite. The inclined and horizontal extrusion rollers squeeze and knead the gentian roots, breaking down the structure of the remaining soil clumps in the gentian roots and turning them into fine soil particles that fall out of the root network. The gentian root-soil composite is subjected to the action of the active extrusion roller, which generates a rotational torque around the center of gravity. After detaching from the action of the active extrusion roller, it rotates at a certain angle and falls onto the flipping plate. At this time, the gentian root-soil composite moves in a different direction after passing through the extrusion roller group. When it falls onto the flipping plate, the gentian root-soil composite has already been flipped over. Then, it slides down the inclined surface of the flipping plate from right to left onto the lower eccentric vibrating conveyor belt.

[0034] Step 3: The active eccentric roller II of the lower eccentric vibrating conveyor belt rotates counterclockwise, which in turn rotates the mesh conveyor belt II and the idler roller counterclockwise. The mesh conveyor belt II carries the gentian root soil composite falling on it from right to left. The 2 to 5 belt mounting shafts in the flexible belt striking mechanism above the lower eccentric vibrating conveyor belt rotate clockwise. The belt mounting shafts carry the belt to beat the gentian root system at a high frequency, cleaning the fine soil particles attached to the surface of the gentian root system.

[0035] Step 4: The gentian root system, after being beaten by the conveyor belt, is sent out of the lower eccentric vibrating conveyor belt and enters the concave-convex roller combing mechanism. The first concave roller in the left column rotates clockwise; the second convex roller in the left column rotates passively; the third convex roller in the left column rotates counterclockwise; the first concave roller in the right column rotates clockwise; the second convex roller in the right column rotates counterclockwise; the gentian root system enters from the right side between the two rollers in the right column, and then splits into two strands and exits from between the three rollers on the left side; the convex and concave rollers in the concave-convex roller combing mechanism are staggered, which plays a role in tearing the gentian root system mesh. The disintegration of the gentian root system mesh structure realizes the separation of the root systems between different gentian plants;

[0036] Step 5: After the soil removal and root separation are completed, the individual gentian roots are discharged from the convex and concave roller combing mechanism and fall into the collection trough.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0038] 1. Existing gentian root removal equipment can only separate roots from large soil particles, failing to address the issues of soil particles adhering to the root network and root entanglement. Therefore, the sliding hammer impact mechanism, flexible belt striking mechanism, and eccentric vibrating conveyor belt in this invention achieve root separation through knocking, patting, and vibration. Secondly, the extrusion roller group and planetary roller combing mechanism in this invention break down the entangled network structure of different plant roots through extrusion and pulling, achieving root separation from different plants.

[0039] 2. The sliding hammer impact mechanism of this invention removes soil by striking, allowing the crop to directly receive a large force and resulting in high energy utilization. Compared to linear motion striking, using a roller to drive the hammer has a higher operating frequency.

[0040] 3. The flexible tape striking mechanism of the present invention uses tape to beat the roots of gentian. Multiple striking shafts strike continuously at a high frequency. The use of flexible tape avoids damage to the roots of gentian and achieves the effect of cleaning up loose soil.

[0041] 4. The eccentric vibrating conveyor belt of the present invention generates vibration through the eccentric roller, which cleans the loose soil on the mesh conveyor belt and improves the soil removal effect of other mechanisms.

[0042] 5. The extrusion roller assembly of the present invention uses inclined extrusion rollers and horizontal extrusion rollers to extrude and knead the gentian root system. The extrusion and kneading can destroy the structure of the remaining soil clumps in the gentian root system, turning them into fine soil particles that fall off from the root grid; it can also change the grid structure of the gentian root system, which helps to separate the root systems of different gentian plants.

[0043] 6. The present invention has a convex and concave roller combing mechanism. In the convex and concave roller combing mechanism, the convex rollers and concave rollers are interlaced, which can tear the gentian root system, disintegrate the grid structure of the gentian root system, and realize the separation of the root system between different gentian plants.

[0044] Based on the above reasons, this invention can be widely applied in fields such as soil removal. Attached Figure Description

[0045] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0046] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the novel gentian root-soil separation device of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 2 This is a right view of the gentian root-soil separation device of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 3 This is a left view of the gentian root-soil separation device of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the power transmission process between the various components of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 5 This is a perspective view of the frame of the present invention (installation position diagram).

[0051] Figure 6 This is a front view of the frame of the present invention.

[0052] Figure 7 This is a top view of the frame of the present invention.

[0053] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 6 Cross-sectional view at point DD.

[0054] Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 6 Cross-sectional view at point BB.

[0055] Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 6 Cross-sectional view at point C.

[0056] Figure 11 This is a left view of the frame of the present invention.

[0057] Figure 12 For the present invention Figure 6 Cross-sectional view at point AA.

[0058] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the feed inlet of the present invention, wherein (a) is the front view, (b) is the left view, (c) is the top view, and (d) is the isometric view.

[0059] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the sliding hammer impact mechanism of the present invention, wherein (a) is a perspective view and (b) is a side view.

[0060] Figure 15 This is a diagram showing the arrangement of the hammer blades in this invention.

[0061] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the hammer blade of the present invention, wherein (a) is the front view and (b) is the side view.

[0062] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the hammer movement of the present invention.

[0063] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the upper eccentric conveyor belt structure of the present invention.

[0064] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the active eccentric roller of the present invention, wherein (a) is a left view and (b) is a front view.

[0065] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the mesh conveyor belt structure of the present invention.

[0066] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of the extrusion roller assembly of the present invention.

[0067] Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of the passive extrusion roller of the present invention, wherein (a) is the front view and (b) is the left view.

[0068] Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram of the active extrusion roller of the present invention, wherein (a) is the front view and (b) is the left view.

[0069] Figure 24 This is a schematic diagram of the flexible tape striking mechanism of the present invention.

[0070] Figure 25 This is a schematic diagram of the tape mounting shaft of the present invention, wherein (a) is a left view and (b) is a front view.

[0071] Figure 26 This is a schematic diagram of the lower eccentric vibrating conveyor belt structure of the present invention.

[0072] Figure 27 This is a schematic diagram of the combing mechanism of the concave-convex roller system of the present invention, wherein (a) is a front view, (b) is a bottom view, and (c) is a perspective view.

[0073] Figure 28 This is a schematic diagram of the upper convex roller of the present invention, wherein (a) is a left view and (b) is a front view.

[0074] Figure 29 This is a schematic diagram of the concave roller structure of the present invention, wherein (a) is a left view and (b) is a front view.

[0075] Figure 30 This is a bitmap of the installation of the present invention.

[0076] In the diagram: 1. Feed inlet; 2. Sliding hammer impact mechanism; 3. Upper eccentric vibrating conveyor belt; 4. Inclined extrusion rollers; 5. Main motor; 6. Flat extrusion rollers; 7. Tilting plate; 8. Flexible tape impact mechanism; 9. Lower eccentric vibrating conveyor belt; 10. Frame; 11. Concave-convex roller combing mechanism; 12. Material collection trough;

[0077] 2-1. Pulley I; 2-2. Hammer blade; 2-3. Bearing housing I; 2-4. Wheel frame housing; 2-5. Hammer blade shaft; 2-6. Sprocket I; 2-7. Chain I; 2-21. Long rod; 2-22. Ring; 2-23. Open ring pin; 2-24. Rotating pin;

[0078] 3-1. Driven eccentric roller I; 3-2. Driven pulley I; 3-3. Driven roller I; 3-4. Bearing housing II; 3-5. Mesh conveyor belt I;

[0079] 4-1 Driven extrusion roller; 4-2 Bearing housing III; 4-3 Driven pulley; 4-4 Driven pulley II; 4-5 Driven extrusion roller; 4-6 Belt;

[0080] 8-1. Sprocket II; 8-2. Belt; 8-3. Chain II; 8-4. Pulley II; 8-5. Bearing housing IV; 8-6. Belt mounting shaft;

[0081] 9-1 Driven gear; 9-2 Driven gear; 9-3 Mesh conveyor belt II; 9-4 Bearing housing V; 9-5 Driven eccentric roller II; 9-6 Reversing shaft; 9-7 Pulley III;

[0082] 10-1 Mounting Hole I; 10-2 Mounting Hole II; 10-3 Mounting Hole III; 10-4 Mounting Hole IV; 10-5 Mounting Hole V; 10-6 Mounting Hole VI; 10-7 Mounting Hole VII; 10-8 Mounting Hole VIII; 10-9 Mounting Hole IX; 10.1 First Layer Horizontal Beam; 10.2 Second Layer Horizontal Beam; 10.3 Third Layer Horizontal Beam; 10.4 Fourth Layer Horizontal Beam; 10.5 Short Horizontal Beam; 10.6 Vertical Beam;

[0083] 11-1, Motor; 11-2, Coupling; 11-3, Motor Support; 11-4, Bearing Housing VI; 11-5, Pulley IV; 11-6, Reversing Gear; 11-7, Convex Roller; 11-8, Concave Roller; 11-9, Longitudinal Beam A; 11-10, Longitudinal Beam B; 11-11, Longitudinal Beam C; 11-12, Longitudinal Beam D. Detailed Implementation

[0084] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0085] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention or its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0086] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0087] This invention provides a device for removing soil from and separating roots of gentian, specifically a device for removing soil from the roots of gentian and separating roots between different plants.

[0088] The device of this invention mainly consists of a feed inlet 1, a sliding hammer impact mechanism 2, an eccentric vibrating conveyor belt, an extrusion roller assembly, a main motor 5, a tilting plate 7, a flexible tape impact mechanism 8, a frame 10, a concave-convex roller combing mechanism 11 (planetary roller combing mechanism), and a collection trough 12. The eccentric vibrating conveyor belt includes an upper eccentric vibrating conveyor belt 3 and a lower eccentric vibrating conveyor belt 9. The extrusion roller assembly includes connected inclined extrusion rollers 4 and horizontal extrusion rollers 6.

[0089] The feed inlet 1 is installed on the upper left side of the frame 10; the concave-convex roller combing mechanism 11 is installed on the lower left side of the frame 10; the material collection trough 12 is connected to the bottom left side of the frame 10; the sliding hammer impact mechanism 2 is installed on the upper right side of the frame 10; the upper eccentric vibrating conveyor belt 3 is installed on the middle right side of the frame 10; the lower eccentric vibrating conveyor belt 9 is installed on the lower right side of the frame 10; the flexible tape impact mechanism 8 is installed on the middle right side of the frame 10, located between the upper eccentric vibrating conveyor belt 3 and the lower eccentric vibrating conveyor belt 9; and the tilting plate 7 is installed on the frame. On the right middle layer of frame 10, the flip plate 7 is on the same layer as the flexible tape striking mechanism 8 and located to the right of the flexible tape striking mechanism 8. The extrusion roller group is installed on the right middle layer of frame 10. The extrusion roller group is located to the right of the upper eccentric vibrating conveyor belt 3 and the flexible tape striking mechanism 8. The main motor 5 is installed at the bottom right side of frame 10 and connected to the flat extrusion roller 6. The flat extrusion roller 6 is connected to the sliding hammer impact mechanism 2 and the flexible tape striking mechanism 8. The sliding hammer impact mechanism 2 is connected to the upper eccentric vibrating conveyor belt 3. The flexible tape striking mechanism 8 is connected to the lower eccentric vibrating conveyor belt 9.

[0090] Specifically:

[0091] Feed inlet 1: Feed inlet 1 is fixed to the frame 10 on both sides by 4 M10×70 bolts and 4 M10 nuts, with the mounting holes as shown. Figure 6 As shown in the mounting hole Ⅰ10-1, two mounting holes Ⅰ10-1 are opened on each side of the upper part of the frame 10.

[0092] Sliding hammer impact mechanism 2: Six support bearings are installed on... Figure 7 The 12 mounting holes II10-2 are located at the positions of the holes (the 12 mounting holes II10-2 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first layer crossbeam 10.1 of the frame 10), and are fixed to the frame 10 by 12 M8×70 bolts and 12 M8 nuts.

[0093] Upper eccentric vibrating conveyor belt 3: 12 support bearings are installed Figure 8 The 24 mounting holes Ⅲ10-3 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the second layer crossbeam 10.2 of the frame 10 and are fixed to the frame 10 by 24 M8×70 bolts and 24 M8 nuts.

[0094] The extrusion roller assembly includes a set of inclined extrusion rollers 4 and a set of horizontal extrusion rollers 6. The inclined extrusion rollers 4 include an upper passive extrusion roller and an upper active extrusion roller, and the horizontal extrusion rollers 6 include a lower passive extrusion roller and a lower active extrusion roller. The two support bearings of the upper passive extrusion roller are mounted on... Figure 8At the four mounting holes IV10-4 on the upper frame 10 (the four mounting holes IV10-4 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the second layer crossbeam 10.2 of the frame 10), the two support bearings of the upper active extrusion roller are installed on the short crossbeam 10.5 between sections D and B. The support bearings of the lower passive extrusion roller and the lower active extrusion roller are respectively installed on the two vertical beams 10.6 between sections D and B (the lower passive extrusion roller is installed on the mounting hole V10-5 of the right vertical beam 10.6 by bolts). A total of 16 M8×70 bolts and 16 M8 nuts are needed to fix it to the frame 10.

[0095] Flip plate 7: Flip plate 7 is fixed to frame 10 by 4 M10×70 bolts and 4 M10 nuts, with mounting holes as follows. Figure 6 As shown in the mounting holes VI10-6, the four mounting holes VI10-6 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the third layer crossbeam 10.3 of the frame 10.

[0096] Flexible tape striking mechanism 8: Install the 6 support bearings of the flexible tape striking mechanism 8 onto... Figure 9 The mounting holes VII10-7 on the frame 10 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the third layer crossbeam 10.3 of the frame 10, and are fixed to the frame 10 by 12 M8×70 bolts and 12 M8 nuts.

[0097] Lower eccentric vibrating conveyor belt 9: Install the 9 support bearings of the lower eccentric vibrating conveyor belt 9 onto... Figure 10 The mounting holes are located at the 18 mounting holes VIII 10-8 on the frame 10 (the 18 mounting holes VIII 10-8 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the fourth layer crossbeam 10.4 of the frame 10), and are fixed to the frame 10 by 12 M8×70 bolts and 36 M8 nuts.

[0098] The concave-convex roller combing mechanism 11; the 10 bearing seats of the concave-convex roller combing mechanism 11 are installed on the frame 10, that is... Figure 11 , Figure 12 It is fixed to the frame 10 with 12 M8×70 bolts and 36 M8 nuts at the 18 mounting holes IX on the machine.

[0099] In this embodiment, the sliding hammer impact mechanism 2 mainly consists of a pulley I2-1, hammers 2-2, bearing housing I2-3, wheel frame housing 2-4, hammer shaft 2-5, sprocket I2-6, and chain I2-7. The hammers 2-2 can open and close the ring 2-22 by inserting and removing pins (open-ring pins 2-23). ​​Twenty-eight hammers 2-2 are sequentially fitted onto the grooves on the hammer shaft 2-5, allowing the hammers 2-2 to rotate around the hammer shaft 2-5. The hammer shaft 2-5 is fixed to the wheel frame housings 2-4 on both sides. The ends of the hammer shafts 2-5 are threaded; tightening the screws at the ends fixes the hammer shafts 2-5 to the wheel frame housings 2-4. The wheel frame housings 2-4 on both sides are connected by the three hammer shafts 2-5 in the middle to form a sliding hammer impact wheel. A sliding hammer impact wheel is mounted on two support bearings (bearing seats I2-3) on both sides. There are 2 to 5 sliding hammer impact wheels, which are arranged laterally at equal intervals on the frame 10. During operation, the sliding hammer impact wheels rotate at the same speed and in the same direction. Power is input from the left pulley I2-1 of the rearmost sliding hammer impact wheel, and output from the sprocket I2-6 mounted on the right side of the wheel to the other two sliding hammer impact wheels via the chain I2-7. Then, the power is output to the upper eccentric vibrating conveyor belt 3 via the left pulley I2-1 of the frontmost sliding hammer impact wheel. Specifically, the hammer 2-2 is mainly composed of a long rod 2-21 and a ring 2-22. The ring 2-22 is composed of a left ring and a right ring. One end of the right ring is rotatably connected to one end of the left ring via a rotating pin 2-24, and the other end of the right ring is connected to the long rod 2-21 and to the other end of the left ring via an open-ring pin 2-23. The pin (open-ring pin 2-23) can be pulled out to open the ring 2-22, revealing that the end of the hammer blade 2-2 has a tail length of 10–25 mm. The hammer blade 2-2 is installed in the groove of the hammer blade shaft 2-5 and can rotate around it. The distance between adjacent hammer blades 2-2 is 15–30 mm. Three to six hammer blade shafts 2-5 are mounted on the hammer blade shaft support (wheel frame seat 2-4), with 20 to 28 hammer blades 2-2 on each shaft, and a working spacing of 500–700 mm.

[0100] In this embodiment, the upper eccentric vibrating conveyor belt 3 mainly consists of an active eccentric roller I3-1, an active pulley I3-2, multiple driven rollers I3-3, a bearing housing II3-4, and a mesh conveyor belt I3-5. The roller portion of the active eccentric roller I3-1 has a different central axis from its two end shafts. When the active eccentric roller I3-1 rotates, the roller portion rotates eccentrically, thereby causing the entire conveyor belt to vibrate. The active eccentric roller I3-1 and the multiple driven rollers I3-3 are arranged in parallel at intervals, with the active eccentric roller I3-1 driving the multiple driven rollers I3-3 to rotate. The conveyor belt used for transport is a mesh conveyor belt I3-5, allowing soil that falls off during operation to fall through the sieve holes of the conveyor belt, while the gentian remains on the conveyor belt. The mesh conveyor belt I3-5 is connected to the active eccentric roller I3-1 and the multiple driven rollers I3-3. The driving pulley I3-2 is mounted on the driving eccentric roller 3-1. Power is transmitted via a belt from the driven pulley of the sliding hammer impact mechanism 2 to the driving pulley 3-1 of the upper eccentric vibrating conveyor belt 3. The remaining driven rollers I3-3 (non-eccentric rollers) are normal idlers used to support the conveyor belt. All rollers and idlers are mounted on the frame 10 at both ends via bearing seats (bearing seats II3-4). Specifically, the driving eccentric roller I3-1 adopts a structure where the roller is eccentric to the central shaft, with an eccentricity of 3–10 mm. The mesh conveyor belt I3-5 has evenly distributed square holes of 2–4 cm in size, with a spacing of 2–4 cm between the front, back, left, and right sides.

[0101] In this embodiment, the lower eccentric vibrating conveyor belt 9 and the upper eccentric vibrating conveyor belt 3 have the same structure and working principle, but different power transmission and direction of rotation. The lower eccentric vibrating conveyor belt 9 mainly consists of a driven gear 9-1, a driving gear 9-2, a mesh conveyor belt II 9-3, a bearing housing V 9-4, a driving eccentric roller II 9-5, multiple driven rollers II, a reversing shaft 9-6, and a pulley III 9-7. The roller portion of the driving eccentric roller II 9-5 has a different central axis from the shaft ends at both ends. When the driving eccentric roller II 9-5 rotates, the roller portion rotates eccentrically, thereby driving the entire conveyor belt to vibrate. The driving eccentric roller II 9-5 and the multiple driven rollers II are arranged in parallel at intervals, and the driven rollers II are non-eccentric rollers. The conveyor belt used for conveying is a mesh conveyor belt II 9-3. The mesh conveyor belt II 9-3 is connected to the driving eccentric roller II 9-5 and the multiple driven rollers II. Driven gear 9-1 is mounted on the right side of the driving eccentric roller II 9-5, and driving gear 9-2 is mounted on the reversing shaft 9-6. Driven gear 9-1 and driving gear 9-2 are meshed together. The reversing shaft 9-6 is located between the driving eccentric roller II 9-5 and the driven roller II. Pulley III 9-7 is mounted on the reversing shaft 9-6 and is connected to the driven pulley II 8-4 of the flexible belt impact mechanism 8 via a belt. Power is transmitted via belt from the driven pulley II 8-4 of the flexible belt impact mechanism 8 to the pulley III 9-7 of the reversing shaft 9-6 of the lower eccentric vibrating conveyor belt 9. Power is also transmitted from the driving gear 9-2 on the reversing shaft 9-6 to the driven gear 9-1 of the driving eccentric roller II 9-5. The driving eccentric roller II 9-5 drives multiple driven rollers II to rotate. These multiple driven rollers II are normal idlers used to support the conveyor belt. All rollers, idlers, and both ends of the reversing shaft 9-6 are mounted on the frame 10 via bearing seats (bearing housing V9-4). Specifically, the active eccentric roller II9-5 adopts a structure where the roller is eccentric to the central shaft, with an eccentricity of 3–10 mm. The mesh conveyor belt II9-3 has evenly distributed square holes of 2–4 cm in size, with a spacing of 2–4 cm between the front, back, left, and right sides of the square holes.

[0102] In this embodiment, the extrusion roller assembly can be divided into two sets of rollers: an upper inclined extrusion roller 4 and a lower flat extrusion roller 6. Each set of rollers consists of a passive extrusion roller (driven extrusion roller 4-1) and a driving extrusion roller 4-5. The passive extrusion roller has no power input and is not equipped with a pulley; the driving extrusion roller 4-5 requires both power input and output, and is equipped with a pulley at each end. The passive extrusion roller of the upper inclined extrusion roller 4 is mounted on... Figure 8 The four mounting holes IV10-4 have two pairs of holes; the active extrusion roller 4-5 of the upper inclined extrusion roller 4 is installed on the short crossbeam 10.5 between the second layer crossbeam 10.2 and the third layer crossbeam 10.3; the two pairs of rollers of the lower horizontal extrusion roller 6 are installed opposite each other on the inner side of the two vertical beams 10.6 between the second layer crossbeam 10.2 and the third layer crossbeam 10.3. Figure 21As shown, power is input from the main motor 5 to the drive pulley II 4-4 on the left side of the drive extrusion roller 4-5 of the lower horizontal extrusion roller 6, then from the pulley on the right side of the lower horizontal extrusion roller 6 via belt 4-6 to the pulley on the right side of the upper inclined extrusion roller 4, and then from the driven pulley 4-3 on the left side of the upper inclined extrusion roller 4 via belt to the sliding hammer impact mechanism 2. Specifically, the extrusion roller group consists of inclined extrusion roller 4 and horizontal extrusion roller 6, each consisting of one drive extrusion roller 4-5 and one driven extrusion roller 4-1. The extrusion rollers have axially arranged cylindrical protrusions spirally arranged in concentric circles with a pitch of 500–700 mm (700 mm in this embodiment), and the drive and driven extrusion rollers rotate in opposite directions. Each extrusion roller is mounted on bearing housing III 4-2 at both ends via bearings, and bearing housing III 4-2 is mounted on the frame 10.

[0103] In this embodiment, the flexible tape striking mechanism 8 mainly consists of a sprocket II 8-1, a tape 8-2, a chain II 8-3, a pulley II 8-4, a bearing support (bearing housing IV 8-5), and 2 to 5 tape mounting shafts 8-6. In this embodiment, there are three tape mounting shafts 8-6, each with 21 tape mounting plates spirally and equidistantly arranged. Each tape mounting plate has two 8mm diameter holes. The tape 8-2 is fixed to the tape mounting plate using two M8 screws and two M8 nuts, and then fixed to the tape mounting shaft 8-6. Specifically, the tape 8-2 is made of flexible rubber material, with a fixing hole at its tail end for installation. The tape mounting shaft 8-6 can accommodate 15 to 25 tapes 8-2, with a total working width of 500 to 700mm, and the mounting positions are spirally arranged on the main shaft. Each of the three belt mounting shafts 8-6 has a sprocket II 8-1 mounted on its right side, and a chain II 8-3 is connected to the three sprockets II 8-1. A pulley II 8-4 is connected to the right side of each of the foremost and rearmost belt mounting shafts 8-6. The pulley II 8-4 of the foremost belt mounting shaft 8-6 is connected to the lower eccentric vibrating conveyor belt 9 via a belt, and the pulley II 8-4 of the rearmost belt mounting shaft 8-6 is connected to the flat extrusion rollers 6 via a belt. Both ends of each belt mounting shaft 8-6 are mounted on bearing housings IV 8-5 via bearings, and bearing housings IV 8-5 are mounted on the frame 10.

[0104] In this embodiment, the convex-concave roller combing mechanism 11 mainly consists of a motor 11-1, a coupling 11-2, a motor support 11-3, a bearing housing VI 11-4, a pulley IV 11-5, a reversing gear 11-6, multiple convex rollers 11-7, and multiple concave rollers 11-8. The multiple convex rollers 11-7 and multiple concave rollers 11-8 form 5 or 9 convex-concave rollers arranged vertically in two or three rows, with the arrangement sequence being 2, 3 or 2, 3, 4. In this embodiment, the motor 11-1 and the motor support 11-3 of the convex-concave roller combing mechanism 11 are welded together to the longitudinal beam B 11-10. Figure 27 (c) In the perspective view, the three rollers on the left side (the middle convex roller 11-7 and the two concave rollers 11-8 on both sides) along with the bearings of the shaft section are installed on... Figure 30 On the right side of longitudinal beams 11-10 (B) and 11-12 (D), two rollers (one convex roller 11-7 and one concave roller 11-8) along with the bearings of the shaft sections are mounted on the right side. Figure 30 On the right side of longitudinal beams 11-9 (A) and 11-11 (C). Figure 27 (c) In the perspective view, the uppermost concave roller 11-8 is directly connected to the motor 11-1 via coupling 11-2 (motor 11-1 is mounted on motor support 11-3), and the other end is equipped with pulley IV 11-5; the two rollers in the right row are equipped with reversing gear 11-6 at one end and pulley IV 11-5 at the other end; the middle convex roller 11-7 in the left row has no power input; the lowermost concave roller 11-8 in the left row has pulley IV 11-5 at one end. Power is transmitted from motor 11-1 to concave roller 11-8 connected to coupling 11-2 via coupling 11-2; then from pulley IV 11-5 of concave roller 11-8 to pulley IV 11-5 of right concave roller 11-8; then from reversing gear 11-6 of upper right concave roller 11-8 to reversing gear 11-6 of lower right convex roller 11-7; then from pulley IV 11-5 of lower right convex roller 11-7 to pulley IV 11-5 of lower left concave roller 11-8.

[0105] In this embodiment, the frame 10 is constructed entirely of 50×50×2 square tubing welded together, providing sufficient strength to support the operation of each component.

[0106] The workflow of this invention ( Figure 1-4 ):

[0107] The gentian root-soil composite is placed into inlet 1, and slides down the bottom plate of inlet 1 onto the upper eccentric vibrating conveyor belt 3. The active eccentric roller I3-1 of the upper eccentric vibrating conveyor belt 3 rotates clockwise, causing the mesh conveyor belt I3-5 and the idler roller to rotate clockwise as well. The mesh conveyor belt I3-5 carries the root-soil composite falling above it from left to right. The 2 to 5 sliding hammer impact wheels in the sliding hammer impact mechanism 2 above the upper eccentric vibrating conveyor belt 3 rotate clockwise. Under the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the sliding hammer impact wheels, the center of gravity of the hammer 2-2 is aligned with its axis. When it hits the composite, the inertia of the hammer 2-2 is converted into an impact force to strike the root-soil composite, breaking up the larger soil clumps in the composite and causing the soil to separate from the composite.

[0108] The composite material, after being struck by hammers 2-2, is conveyed off the upper eccentric vibrating conveyor belt 3 and falls into the upper inclined extrusion rollers 4 of the extrusion roller group. The active extrusion roller 4-5 in the upper inclined extrusion roller 4 rotates clockwise, and the composite material, under the action of the active extrusion roller 4-5, moves downward and falls into the lower horizontal extrusion roller 6. The driven extrusion roller 4-1, under the action of friction generated by the downward movement of the composite material, rotates counterclockwise. The active extrusion roller 4-5 in the lower horizontal extrusion roller 6 rotates clockwise, and the composite material, under the action of the active extrusion roller 4-5, moves downward and falls onto the tilting plate 7. The driven extrusion roller 4-1, under the action of friction generated by the downward movement of the composite material, rotates counterclockwise. The inclined extrusion rollers 4 and the horizontal extrusion rollers 6 squeeze and knead the gentian root system. Squeezing can destroy the structure of the remaining soil clods in the gentian root system, turning them into fine soil particles that fall out of the root network; kneading can change the root network structure of the gentian root system, which helps to separate the root systems of different gentian plants. The composite is subjected to the action of the active extrusion roller 4-5, which generates a rotational torque around the center of gravity. After detaching from the action of the active extrusion roller 4-5, it rotates at a certain angle and falls onto the flipping plate 7. At this time, the composite undergoes a change of direction movement through the extrusion roller group. When it falls onto the flipping plate 7, the composite has already flipped over. Then, it slides down the inclined surface of the flipping plate 7 from right to left onto the lower eccentric vibrating conveyor belt 9.

[0109] The active eccentric roller II 9-5 of the lower eccentric vibrating conveyor belt 9 rotates counterclockwise, causing the mesh conveyor belt II 9-3 and the idler roller to rotate counterclockwise as well. The mesh conveyor belt II 9-3 carries the root-soil composite falling on it from right to left. The 2 to 5 belt mounting shafts 8-6 in the flexible belt striking mechanism 8 above the lower eccentric vibrating conveyor belt 9 rotate clockwise. The belt mounting shafts 8-6 carry the belt 8-2 to beat the gentian root system at a high frequency, which can clean the fine soil particles attached to the surface of the gentian root system.

[0110] The gentian root system, after being beaten by the conveyor belt 8-2, is sent out of the lower eccentric vibrating conveyor belt 9 and enters the concave-convex roller combing mechanism 11, as shown. Figure 27As shown in the perspective view of (c), the first concave roller 11-8 in the left column rotates clockwise; the second convex roller 11-7 in the left column rotates passively; the third convex roller 11-7 in the left column rotates counterclockwise; the first concave roller 11-8 in the right column rotates clockwise; the second convex roller 11-7 in the right column rotates counterclockwise. Figure 27 (c) As shown in the perspective view, the gentian root system enters from the right side between the two rollers on the right, and then splits into two streams that exit between the three rollers on the left. In the convex-concave roller combing mechanism 11, the convex roller 11-7 and the concave roller 11-8 are staggered, which can tear the gentian root grid. The disintegration of the gentian root grid structure realizes the separation of the root systems between different gentian plants.

[0111] After the soil removal and root separation are completed, the individual gentian roots are discharged from the concave-convex roller combing mechanism 11 and fall into the collection trough 12.

[0112] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for separating and separating gentian roots from soil, characterized in that, include: The components include: feed inlet (1), sliding hammer impact mechanism (2), eccentric vibrating conveyor belt, extrusion roller group, main motor (5), flip plate (7), flexible tape hitting mechanism (8), frame (10), concave and convex roller combing mechanism (11), and collection trough (12). The eccentric vibrating conveyor belt includes an upper eccentric vibrating conveyor belt (3) and a lower eccentric vibrating conveyor belt (9). The extrusion roller group includes inclined extrusion rollers (4) and flat extrusion rollers (6) connected to each other. The feed inlet (1) is installed on the upper left side of the frame (10), the convex and concave roller combing mechanism (11) is installed on the lower left side of the frame (10), the collecting trough (12) is connected to the bottom left side of the frame (10), the sliding hammer impact mechanism (2) is installed on the upper right side of the frame (10), the upper eccentric vibrating conveyor belt (3) is installed on the middle right side of the frame (10), the lower eccentric vibrating conveyor belt (9) is installed on the lower right side of the frame (10), the flexible tape striking mechanism (8) is installed on the middle right side of the frame (10), and the flexible tape striking mechanism (8) is located between the upper eccentric vibrating conveyor belt (3) and the lower eccentric vibrating conveyor belt (9). The flipping plate (7) is installed... On the right middle layer of the frame (10), the flip plate (7) is on the same layer as the flexible tape striking mechanism (8) and located on the right side of the flexible tape striking mechanism (8). The extrusion roller group is installed on the right middle layer of the frame (10). The extrusion roller group is located on the right side of the upper eccentric vibrating conveyor belt (3) and the flexible tape striking mechanism (8). The main motor (5) is installed on the right bottom of the frame (10) and connected to the flat extrusion roller (6). The flat extrusion roller (6) is connected to the sliding hammer impact mechanism (2) and the flexible tape striking mechanism (8). The sliding hammer impact mechanism (2) is connected to the upper eccentric vibrating conveyor belt (3). The flexible tape striking mechanism (8) is connected to the lower eccentric vibrating conveyor belt (9). The inclined extrusion rollers (4) are arranged above the flat extrusion rollers (6). Both the inclined extrusion rollers (4) and the flat extrusion rollers (6) consist of a driven extrusion roller (4-1) and a driven extrusion roller (4-5). The driven extrusion roller (4-5) of the inclined extrusion rollers (4) is installed on a short crossbeam (10.5) between the second and third crossbeams (10.2) and the third crossbeam (10.3) of the frame (10). The driven extrusion roller (4-1) and the driven extrusion roller (4-5) of the flat extrusion rollers (6) are installed facing each other on the inner side of two vertical beams (10.6) between the second and third crossbeams (10.2) and the third crossbeam (10.3). Both ends of each extrusion roller are mounted on bearing seats III (4-2) via bearings. The bearing seats III (4-2) are mounted on the frame (10). Each active extrusion roller (4-5) has a pulley installed at both ends. The main motor (5) is connected to the active pulley II (4-4) on the left side of the active extrusion roller (4-5) of the flat extrusion roller (6). The pulley on the right side of the active extrusion roller (4-5) of the flat extrusion roller (6) is connected to the pulley on the right side of the active extrusion roller (4-5) of the inclined extrusion roller (4) via belt (4-6). The driven pulley (4-3) on the left side of the active extrusion roller (4-5) of the inclined extrusion roller (4) is connected to the pulley I (2-1) of the sliding hammer impact mechanism (2) via belt. Each extrusion roller has cylindrical protrusions arranged in a spiral pattern along the axial direction, with a pitch of 500~700mm. The driving extrusion roller (4-5) and the driven extrusion roller (4-1) have opposite spiral directions.

2. The device for separating and separating gentian roots from the soil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sliding hammer impact mechanism (2) includes 2-5 sliding hammer impact wheels, pulley I (2-1), bearing seat I (2-3), sprocket I (2-6), and chain I (2-7). The multiple sliding hammer impact wheels are arranged laterally at equal intervals on the frame (10). Each sliding hammer impact wheel includes two wheel frame seats (2-4) and a hammer shaft (2-5). Multiple hammer shafts (2-5) are connected between the two wheel frame seats (2-4). Multiple hammers (2-2) with the same installation direction are installed on each hammer shaft (2-5). The two ends of each sliding hammer impact wheel are respectively mounted on the bearing seat I (2-3) through bearings. The bearing seat I (2-3) is mounted on the first layer crossbeam (10.1) of the frame (10). Each sliding hammer impact wheel is connected to a sprocket I (2-6) on its right side. The chain I (2-7) is connected to multiple sprockets I (2-6). The multiple sliding hammer impact wheels rotate at the same speed and in the same direction during operation; a pulley I (2-1) is connected to the left side of the rearmost sliding hammer impact wheel, which is connected to the flat extrusion roller (6); a pulley I (2-1) is connected to the left side of the foremost sliding hammer impact wheel, which is connected to the drive pulley I (3-2) of the upper eccentric vibrating conveyor belt (3) via a belt; power is input from the pulley I (2-1) on the left side of the rearmost sliding hammer impact wheel, and output to the other sliding hammer impact wheels via the chain I (2-7) through the sprocket I (2-6), and then output to the upper eccentric vibrating conveyor belt (3) via the pulley I (2-1) on the left side of the foremost sliding hammer impact wheel.

3. The device for separating and separating gentian roots from the soil according to claim 2, characterized in that, Multiple hammer blades (2-2) are sequentially fitted onto grooves opened on the hammer blade shaft (2-5), and the hammer blades (2-2) rotate around the hammer blade shaft (2-5); The hammer (2-2) includes a long rod (2-21) and a ring (2-22). The ring (2-22) includes a left ring and a right ring. One end of the right ring is rotatably connected to one end of the left ring by a rotating pin (2-24). The other end of the right ring is connected to the long rod (2-21) and to the other end of the left ring by an open-ring pin (2-23). ​​The ring (2-22) is opened and closed by inserting and pulling the open-ring pin (2-23). The length of the vertical tail at the end of the hammer blade (2-2) is 10~25mm, the spacing between adjacent hammer blades (2-2) is 15~30mm, and 3~6 hammer blade shafts (2-5) are installed on the wheel frame seat (2-4). Each hammer blade shaft (2-5) has 20~28 hammer blades (2-2) with a working spacing of 500~700mm.

4. The device for separating and separating gentian roots from the soil according to claim 3, characterized in that, The upper eccentric vibrating conveyor belt (3) includes an active eccentric roller I (3-1), an active pulley I (3-2), multiple driven rollers I (3-3), a bearing seat II (3-4), and a mesh conveyor belt I (3-5). The active eccentric roller I (3-1) and the multiple driven rollers I (3-3) are arranged in parallel and spaced apart. The mesh conveyor belt I (3-5) is connected to the active eccentric roller I (3-1) and the multiple driven rollers I (3-3). The driven rollers I (3-3) are non-eccentric rollers. The active eccentric roller I (3-1) drives the multiple driven rollers I (3-3) to rotate. The active pulley I (3-2) is installed on the left side of the active eccentric roller I (3-1) and is connected to the pulley I (2-1) of the belt sliding hammer impact mechanism (2); the multiple driven rollers I (3-3) serve as support rollers to support the mesh conveyor belt I (3-5). Both ends of the active eccentric roller I (3-1) and the driven roller I (3-3) are mounted on bearing housing II (3-4) via bearings. The bearing housing II (3-4) is mounted on the second layer crossbeam (10.2) of the frame (10). The active eccentric roller I (3-1) includes a roller part and a shaft head connected to both ends of the roller part. The roller part and the shaft head are eccentrically arranged, and the eccentric distance between the roller part and the shaft head is 3~10mm. The mesh conveyor belt I (3-5) has a number of screen holes evenly distributed on it. The screen holes are square holes with a size of 2-4 cm, and the distance between the front, back, left and right sides of the square holes is 2-4 cm.

5. The apparatus for separating and separating gentian roots from the soil according to claim 4, characterized in that, The lower eccentric vibrating conveyor belt (9) and the upper eccentric vibrating conveyor belt (3) have the same active eccentric roller and mesh conveyor belt structure, but different power transmission and steering. The lower eccentric vibrating conveyor belt (9) includes a driven gear (9-1), a driving gear (9-2), a mesh conveyor belt II (9-3), a bearing seat V (9-4), a driving eccentric roller II (9-5), multiple driven rollers II, a reversing shaft (9-6), and a pulley III (9-7). The driving eccentric roller II (9-5) and the multiple driven rollers II are arranged in parallel and spaced apart. The mesh conveyor belt II (9-3) is connected to the driving eccentric roller II (9-5) and the multiple driven rollers II. The driven rollers II are non-eccentric rollers. The driven gear (9-1) is installed on the right side of the driving eccentric roller II (9-5), and the driving gear (9-2) is installed on the reversing shaft (9-6). The driven gear (9-1) and the driving gear (9-2) are meshed together. The reversing shaft (9-6) is located between the driving eccentric roller II (9-5) and the driven roller II. The pulley III (9-7) is mounted on the reversing shaft (9-6). The pulley III (9-7) is connected to the driven pulley II (8-4) of the flexible belt impact mechanism (8) via a belt. The multiple driven rollers II serve as idlers to support the mesh conveyor belt II (9-3). The two ends of the active eccentric roller II (9-5), the driven roller II and the reversing shaft (9-6) are all mounted on the bearing housing V (9-4) by bearings. The bearing housing V (9-4) is mounted on the fourth layer crossbeam (10.4) of the frame (10). The power input is sent to the reversing shaft (9-6), and then transmitted to the driving eccentric roller II (9-5) through the driving gear (9-2) at the right end of the reversing shaft (9-6). The driving eccentric roller II (9-5) drives multiple driven rollers II to rotate.

6. The apparatus for separating and separating gentian roots from the soil according to claim 5, characterized in that, The flexible tape striking mechanism (8) includes a sprocket II (8-1), a tape (8-2), a chain II (8-3), a pulley II (8-4), a bearing seat IV (8-5), and 2 to 5 tape mounting shafts (8-6). Sprockets II (8-1) are mounted on the right side of each of the tape mounting shafts (8-6), and the chain II (8-3) is connected to the multiple sprockets II (8-1). A pulley II (8-4) is connected to the right side of each of the tape mounting shafts (8-6) located at the foremost and the rearmost positions. The pulley II (8-4) of the foremost tape mounting shaft (8-6) is connected to the pulley III (9-7) of the lower eccentric vibrating conveyor belt (9) via a belt. The pulley II (8-4) of the rearmost tape mounting shaft (8-6) is connected to the drive pulley II (4-4) of the flat extrusion roller (6) via a belt. Both ends of each tape mounting shaft (8-6) are mounted on bearing seat IV (8-5) via bearings. The bearing seat IV (8-5) is mounted on the frame (10). Multiple tape mounting plates are spirally and equidistantly arranged on each tape mounting shaft (8-6), and tape (8-2) is fixed on each tape mounting plate. The tape (8-2) is made of flexible rubber material. 15 to 25 tapes (8-2) are installed on the tape mounting shaft (8-6), and the total working width is 500 to 700 mm.

7. The apparatus for separating and separating gentian roots from the soil according to claim 6, characterized in that, The convex-concave roller combing mechanism (11) includes a motor (11-1), a coupling (11-2), a motor support (11-3), a bearing housing VI (11-4), a pulley IV (11-5), a reversing gear (11-6), multiple convex rollers (11-7) and multiple concave rollers (11-8). The motor (11-1) is mounted on the motor support (11-3), and the motor support (11-3) is welded to the B longitudinal beam (11-10) of the frame (10). The multiple convex rollers (11-7) and multiple concave rollers (11-8) constitute 5 or 9 convex-concave rollers arranged vertically in two or three rows, and the arrangement sequence of the convex-concave rollers is 2, 3 or 2, 3, 4. When there are 5 convex and concave rollers, there are two convex rollers (11-7) and three concave rollers (11-8). One convex roller (11-7) and two concave rollers (11-8) are arranged in a left column, with the convex roller (11-7) placed between the two concave rollers (11-8); one convex roller (11-7) and one concave roller (11-8) are arranged in a right column; both ends of the three rollers in the left column are mounted on bearing seats IV (8-5) via bearings, which are mounted on the B longitudinal beam (11-10) and D longitudinal beam (11-12) of the frame (10); both ends of the two rollers in the right column are mounted on bearing seats IV (8-5) via bearings, which are mounted on the A longitudinal beam (11-9) and C longitudinal beam (11-11) of the frame (10); The top left concave roller (11-8) is connected to the motor (11-1) at one end via a coupling (11-2), and the other end is fitted with pulley IV (11-5); one end of the two rollers in the right row is fitted with a reversing gear (11-6), and the other end is fitted with pulley IV (11-5); one end of the bottom concave roller (11-8) in the left row is fitted with pulley IV (11-5); the pulley IV (11-5) of the top left concave roller (11-8) is connected to the pulley IV (11-5) of the top right upper concave roller (11-8) via a belt; the reversing gear (11-6) of the top right upper concave roller (11-8) is meshed with the reversing gear (11-6) of the bottom right lower convex roller (11-7); the pulley IV (11-5) of the bottom right lower convex roller (11-7) is connected to the pulley IV (11-5) of the bottom left concave roller (11-8).

8. A method for operating the device for separating and separating gentian roots from soil as described in claim 7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Place the gentian root-soil composite into the feed inlet (1). The gentian root-soil composite slides down the bottom plate of the feed inlet (1) onto the upper eccentric vibrating conveyor belt (3). The active eccentric roller I (3-1) of the upper eccentric vibrating conveyor belt (3) rotates clockwise, carrying the mesh conveyor belt I (3-5) and the idler rollers to rotate clockwise. The mesh conveyor belt I (3-5) carries the gentian root-soil composite that has fallen above it from left to right. The upper eccentric vibrating conveyor belt (3) The 2 to 5 sliding hammer impact wheels in the upper sliding hammer impact mechanism (2) rotate clockwise. Under the action of the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the sliding hammer impact wheel, the center of gravity of the hammer (2-2) and the axis are aligned in a straight line. When it hits the gentian root soil complex, the inertia of the hammer (2-2) itself is converted into an impact force to strike the gentian root soil complex, breaking the larger soil clods in the gentian root soil complex and causing the soil to separate from the gentian root soil complex. Step 2: The gentian root-soil composite material, after being struck by the hammer (2-2) on the upper eccentric vibrating conveyor belt (3), is sent out of the conveyor belt and falls into the upper inclined extrusion rollers (4) of the extrusion roller group. The active extrusion roller (4-5) in the upper inclined extrusion roller (4) rotates clockwise, and the gentian root-soil composite material moves downward under the action of the active extrusion roller (4-5) and falls into the lower horizontal extrusion roller (6). The driven extrusion roller (4-1) rotates counterclockwise under the friction generated by the downward movement of the gentian root-soil composite material. The active extrusion roller (4-5) in the lower horizontal extrusion roller (6) rotates clockwise, and the gentian root-soil composite material moves downward under the action of the active extrusion roller (4-5) and falls onto the flipping plate (7). (4-1) Under the frictional force generated by the downward movement of the gentian root soil complex, it rotates counterclockwise; the inclined extrusion roller (4) and the flat extrusion roller (6) extrude and knead the gentian root system, extruding and destroying the structure of the remaining soil clods in the gentian root system, turning them into fine soil particles that fall off from the root grid; the gentian root soil complex is subjected to the action of the active extrusion roller (4-5) to generate a rotational torque around the center of gravity, and after escaping the action of the active extrusion roller (4-5), it rotates at a certain angle and falls onto the flipping plate (7). At this time, the gentian root soil complex changes direction after passing through the extrusion roller group and falls onto the flipping plate (7). After that, it slides down the lower eccentric vibrating conveyor belt (9) from right to left along the inclined surface of the flipping plate (7). Step 3: The active eccentric roller II (9-5) of the lower eccentric vibrating conveyor belt (9) rotates counterclockwise, carrying the mesh conveyor belt II (9-3) and the idler roller to rotate counterclockwise. The mesh conveyor belt II (9-3) carries the gentian root soil composite falling on it from right to left. The 2 to 5 tape mounting shafts (8-6) in the flexible tape beating mechanism (8) above the lower eccentric vibrating conveyor belt (9) rotate clockwise. The tape mounting shafts (8-6) carry the tape (8-2) to beat the gentian root system at a high frequency, cleaning away the fine soil particles attached to the surface of the gentian root system. Step 4: The gentian root system, after being beaten by the tape (8-2), is sent out of the lower eccentric vibrating conveyor belt (9) and enters the concave-convex roller combing mechanism (11). The first concave roller (11-8) in the left column rotates clockwise; the second convex roller (11-7) in the left column rotates passively; the third convex roller (11-7) in the left column rotates counterclockwise; the first concave roller (11-8) in the right column rotates clockwise; the second convex roller (11-7) in the right column rotates counterclockwise; the gentian root system enters from the right side between the two rollers in the right column, and then splits into two strands and exits from between the three rollers on the left side; the convex roller (11-7) and concave roller (11-8) in the concave-convex roller combing mechanism (11) are staggered, which plays the role of tearing the gentian root grid. The disintegration of the gentian root grid structure realizes the separation of the root systems between different gentian plants; Step 5: After the soil removal and root separation are completed, the individual gentian roots are discharged from the concave-convex roller combing mechanism (11) and fall into the collection trough (12).

Images