In-situ biological purification system and purification method for eutrophication of water bodies

Abstract

The present invention relates to an in-situ biological purification system and method for treating eutrophic water bodies. The purification system comprises several biological purification modules installed in-situ within the water body. Each biological purification module includes a passive protection unit and an active protection unit. The passive protection unit comprises a plurality of fixed fish-repelling isolation devices, which together form a zooplankton protection zone within the water body. The active protection unit comprises a mobile, pursuit-type active fish-repelling device. Advantageously, the in-situ biological purification system continuously repels fish through fish-repelling signals such as bubbles, sound, and light, thereby forming an in-situ zooplankton protection zone in a specific area of the water body. This system fully utilizes the natural water surface to create a protective habitat for zooplankton, reduces predation intensity, increases zooplankton survival rate, biomass, and the proportion of large individuals, and replenishes zooplankton biomass throughout the lake or reservoir, thereby rapidly depleting algae in-situ and achieving the ultimate goal of water pollution control and the protection and restoration of the aquatic ecological environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of water pollution control, to a water ecological environment protection and restoration device, and in particular to an in-situ biological purification system and purification method for eutrophic water bodies. Background Art

[0002] Due to human activities, a large amount of nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus enter slow-flowing water bodies, causing water pollution. Eutrophication of polluted water bodies will cause algae and plankton to reproduce rapidly, resulting in algal blooms or red tides, which in turn will lead to a decrease in dissolved oxygen in the water body and deterioration of water quality, ultimately affecting the survival of fish and other organisms. In other words, eutrophication of water bodies leads to the destruction of the balance of the water ecological environment.

[0003] In order to prevent and control the damage to the aquatic ecological environment caused by eutrophication pollution, it is crucial to inhibit the rapid reproduction of algae and reduce the amount of algae in the water. Traditional prevention and control methods include physical methods, chemical methods, biological methods and ecological methods. Among them, the physical method is to use aeration to increase oxygen or remove algae from the water body through salvage equipment or filtration equipment. The chemical method is to use algae-inhibiting and algaecidal agents to kill the algae. The biological method is to use bacteria that decompose and digest algae, zooplankton, or fish and shrimp that eat algae. The ecological method is to reduce the use of chemical fertilizers, pesticides, and phosphorus-containing detergents to control the entry of nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutrients into the water body from the source. Among the above methods, biological and ecological methods have the advantages of not introducing new pollutants and having good cost and efficacy.

[0004] In biological control, zooplankton is the primary consumer of phytoplankton. Studies of shallow lakes in the northern temperate zone have shown that zooplankton can consume up to 80% of the phytoplankton in the water. Therefore, they play a key role in controlling phytoplankton, improving transparency, and remediating eutrophic water bodies. However, zooplankton is also food for fish and shrimp in the water. Predation on zooplankton by fish and shrimp can lead to a large loss of zooplankton biomass, especially a reduction in the biomass of large zooplankton. This will seriously weaken the zooplankton's control over the biomass of larger algae, which is not conducive to the prevention and control of eutrophication of water bodies. Therefore, from the perspective of preventing and controlling eutrophication of water bodies, it is necessary to rapidly increase the biomass of zooplankton, especially the biomass of large zooplankton, in the corresponding water body to achieve the goal of suppressing the biomass of algae in the water body and achieve the effect of in-situ purification and control of eutrophication in the water body. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides an in-situ biological purification system and purification method for eutrophication of water bodies, aiming to set up and activate the in-situ biological purification system in a specific water body. The in-situ biological purification system can demarcate a rapid proliferation protection area for zooplankton in the water body, reduce or avoid fish predation on zooplankton in the area, thereby rapidly increasing the biomass of zooplankton in the corresponding water body, especially the biomass of large-sized zooplankton, thereby achieving the purpose of suppressing the biomass of algae in the water body, and ultimately achieving the effect of in-situ purification and control of eutrophication of water bodies.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: an in-situ biological purification system for eutrophication of a water body, comprising a plurality of biological purification modules opened and set in situ in the water body, each of the biological purification modules comprising a passive protection unit and an active protection unit, the passive protection unit comprising a plurality of fixed fish-driving isolation devices, the plurality of fish-driving isolation devices together forming a zooplankton protection zone in the water body to prevent fish from entering or reduce the probability of fish entering, the active protection unit comprising a mobile chasing active fish-driving device for driving fish out of the zooplankton protection zone, the fish-driving isolation device and the active fish-driving device both being connected to a controller signal, and the controller controlling the fish-driving isolation device and the active fish-driving device to send or stop sending fish-driving signals.

[0007] On the basis of the above technical solution, the present invention can also be improved as follows.

[0008] Furthermore, the fish-driving and isolating device includes a bubble curtain generator, and the bubble curtains generated by the bubble curtain generators of the multiple fish-driving and isolating devices together constitute the air curtain boundary barrier of the zooplankton protection zone.

[0009] Furthermore, the fish-driving and isolating device includes an acoustic fish-driving device, and the sound waves generated by the acoustic fish-driving devices of the multiple fish-driving and isolating devices together constitute a sound curtain boundary barrier of the zooplankton protection zone.

[0010] Furthermore, the fish-repelling and isolating device includes a light wave fish-repelling device, and the light waves generated by the light wave fish-repelling devices of the multiple fish-repelling and isolating devices together constitute a light curtain boundary barrier of the zooplankton protection zone.

[0011] Furthermore, the active fish-repelling device is a water drone and / or underwater drone equipped with a mobile power supply, and the water drone and / or underwater drone is equipped with a signal generating device that can emit sound, light or bubble fish-repelling signals.

[0012] Furthermore, the above-water UAV and / or underwater UAV is equipped with a GPS locator or a Beidou locator.

[0013] Furthermore, the above-water drone and / or underwater drone is equipped with a visual obstacle avoidance mechanism, a mobile tracking mechanism and / or a sonar fish detection mechanism.

[0014] Furthermore, each of the biological purification modules also includes a plurality of aeration and oxygenation devices arranged around or inside the zooplankton protection area.

[0015] Furthermore, each of the biological purification modules also includes an ecological floating island mechanism, an automatic zooplankton proliferation and delivery mechanism, and a zooplankton attracting mechanism, which are located in the central area inside the zooplankton protection area. Aquatic plants are planted on the ecological floating island mechanism. The automatic zooplankton proliferation and delivery mechanism has a pipeline-type algae cultivation component and a zooplankton cultivation and delivery component connected to the pipeline-type algae cultivation component. The zooplankton attracting mechanism includes several attracting lamps.

[0016] The present invention also provides an in-situ biological purification method for water eutrophication, which uses the above-mentioned purification system to prevent and control water eutrophication, comprising the following steps:

[0017] S1. Survey Information, Determine Location, and Install and Deploy: First, investigate the target water body's hydrometeorological conditions, underwater topography, underwater vegetation, water quality, plankton species, and fish population. Determine the number of bio-purification modules and their distribution within the target water body, and determine the boundaries of each zooplankton protection zone. Based on this information, install or deploy each fish-repelling isolation device and active fish-repelling device.

[0018] S2. Initial expulsion, establishment of a zooplankton proliferation protection and in-situ biological purification zone: The controller first shuts down each of the fish-repelling isolation devices and simultaneously activates each of the active fish-repelling devices. The active fish-repelling devices cruise within the zooplankton protection zone and emit fish-repelling signals, thereby reducing the number of fish in the zooplankton protection zone. The fish-repelling isolation devices are then activated to construct a flexible fish-repelling barrier surrounding the zooplankton protection zone. The flexible fish-repelling barrier can be one or more of an air curtain boundary barrier, an acoustic curtain boundary barrier, and a light curtain boundary barrier. Thus, the in-situ biological purification zone is established, and the zooplankton is protected and rapidly proliferates within the zone.

[0019] S3. Continuously expel zooplankton and ensure rapid proliferation to enhance in-situ biological purification of the water: After the in-situ biological purification area is constructed, all of the fish-repelling isolation devices and active fish-repelling devices operate continuously to ensure that there is no fish activity or only a small amount of fish activity within the in-situ biological purification area. This prevents the zooplankton from being consumed by fish and allows them to rapidly proliferate and grow into large individuals. Large numbers of zooplankton gather within the in-situ biological purification area and continuously spread to the surrounding water. The increased number of zooplankton in the water increases the consumption of algae, thereby achieving continuous in-situ purification of the eutrophic water body.

[0020] S4. Start auxiliary equipment to enhance the purification effect: When the eutrophication of the water body is serious and has caused hypoxia in the water body, activate the aeration and oxygenation devices arranged around each zooplankton protection area to increase oxygen and improve water quality; in addition, in order to prevent the zooplankton protection area from having too few zooplankton populations with proliferation capabilities, the zooplankton automatic proliferation and release mechanism will automatically release zooplankton into the zooplankton protection area according to the set program to accelerate the purification of the eutrophic water body.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] This in-situ biological purification system deploys several biological purification modules in situ in still water ecosystems such as lakes and reservoirs, or in river sections with slower flow rates. The passive and active protection units of the biological purification modules can continuously drive away fish through fish-driving signals such as bubbles, sound and light, thereby forming an in-situ zooplankton protection zone in specific areas of the water body. This system makes full use of the natural water surface to create a protective living and breeding place for zooplankton, reduces the predation intensity of fish and other animals on zooplankton, and increases the survival rate, biomass and proportion of large individuals of zooplankton. The high-density zooplankton inside each biological purification module can consume a large amount of algae. At the same time, the zooplankton inside the biological purification module can also migrate outside the protective cultivation area due to wind, water flow or autonomously, replenishing the zooplankton biomass of the entire lake and reservoir to achieve the purpose of regulating the zooplankton community density in the entire water body. Therefore, it can quickly consume the excessively reproduced algae in eutrophic water bodies in situ, achieving the ultimate goal of water pollution control and water ecological environment protection and restoration.

[0023] The in-situ biological purification system provided by the present invention uses invisible fish-repelling signals to form a fish-blocking barrier. After deployment, it basically does not affect the landscape and flood flow, nor does it cause mechanical damage to fish, and at the same time does not interfere with the passage above and below the water. Each device in the system preferably uses recyclable and environmentally friendly materials, does not cause secondary pollution to the water environment, and the devices are reusable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 A schematic top view of an in-situ biological purification system for eutrophication of water bodies provided by the present invention after installation in a lake or reservoir (arrows represent water flow directions);

[0025] Figure 2 for Figure 1 An enlarged schematic diagram of a bio-purification module of the in-situ bio-purification system is shown (the dotted circle represents the effective influence range of the fish repelling signal);

[0026] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a floating fish repellent isolation device in the bio-purification module shown;

[0027] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a submersible fish repellent isolation device in the biological purification module shown;

[0028] Figure 5 for Figure 2 A front view of an active fish repelling device in the biological purification module shown is a water drone;

[0029] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A top view of the water drone shown;

[0030] Figure 7 for Figure 2 A front view of an active fish repelling device in a biological purification module shown as an underwater drone.

[0031] In the accompanying drawings, the components represented by the reference numerals are as follows:

[0032] 10. Biological purification module; 11. Fish-repelling isolation device; 12. Zooplankton protection zone; 13. Active fish-repelling device; 14. Ecological floating island mechanism; 15. Zooplankton automatic proliferation and release mechanism; 16. Zooplankton attracting mechanism;

[0033] 110. Polyethylene shell; 111. Counterweight and stabilizer; 112. Anchor rope; 113. Fixed anchor; 114. Fish repellent flashing light strip; 115. Safety warning flag (one); 116. Rust-proof steel frame; 117. Polyethylene perforated bubble tube; 118. Sonar fish finder (one); 119. Signal transceiver;

[0034] 130. Mobile power supply; 131. Photovoltaic module; 132. Communication, control and positioning integrated module; 133. Propulsion module; 134. Sonar fish detection mechanism (II); 135. Visual obstacle avoidance mechanism; 136. Sonic fish repelling mechanism; 137. Safety warning flag (II); 138. Video fish detection mechanism; 139. Lighting lamp. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The examples given are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0036] In the description of the present invention, if terms indicating directions such as "up", "down", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" are used, the directions or positional relationships indicated are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operate in a specific direction. Therefore, they should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0037] like Figures 1 to 2As shown, the present invention provides an in-situ biological purification system for eutrophication of water bodies, which includes a plurality of biological purification modules 10 opened and set in situ in the water body, each of the biological purification modules 10 includes a passive protection unit and an active protection unit, the passive protection unit includes a plurality of fixed fish-driving isolation devices 11, and the plurality of fish-driving isolation devices 11 together form a zooplankton protection zone 12 in the water body to prevent fish from entering or reduce the probability of fish entering, the active protection unit includes a mobile chasing active fish-driving device 13 for driving fish out of the zooplankton protection zone 12, the fish-driving isolation device 11 and the active fish-driving device 13 are both connected to a controller signal, and the controller controls the fish-driving isolation device 11 and the active fish-driving device 13 to send or stop sending fish-driving signals.

[0038] It should be noted that the fish-driving signal that the fish-driving isolation device 11 and the active fish-driving device 13 send can be air bubbles, sound waves, strong light or electromagnetic pulses, etc., can be a single type of fish-driving signal, or can be a combination of multiple fish-driving signals that release simultaneously or release in sequence. The advantage of multiple fish-driving signals being released simultaneously or in sequence one by one is that it can avoid the continuous effect of a single signal causing aquatic animals such as fish to quickly adapt and weaken the fish-driving effect, and can also drive away fish of a wider variety, because different types of fish may be sensitive to different fish-driving signals. The passive fish-driving isolation device 11 and the active fish-driving device 13 used in the present invention are different from mechanical isolations such as net cages and fences. They form a fish-blocking barrier through invisible fish-driving signals, can not cause mechanical damage to aquatic animals such as fish, can effectively protect the survival rate of aquatic animals, can adopt a submerged hidden design that does not affect landscape and flood discharge, and does not affect underwater passage on the water surface.

[0039] In one embodiment of the present invention, the fish-repelling isolation device 11 includes a bubble curtain generator, and the bubble curtains generated by the multiple bubble curtain generators of the fish-repelling isolation device 11 together constitute the air curtain boundary barrier of the zooplankton protection zone 12. The bubble curtain generator can be a commercially available product. After determining the zooplankton protection zone 12, multiple bubble curtain generators are arranged in series at the bottom of the boundary water body of the protection zone. The bubble curtain emitted after startup forms the air curtain boundary barrier. Specifically, a bubble curtain generator with a simple structure can include a PVC pipe, one end of which is closed, and air holes are opened at even intervals on the pipe wall. Then, air of a certain pressure is passed through the other end of the PVC pipe to form a dense and floating bubble curtain.

[0040] In one embodiment of the present invention, the fish-repelling isolation device 11 includes an acoustic fish repellent. The sound waves generated by the multiple acoustic fish repellents in the fish-repelling isolation device 11 collectively form the acoustic barrier of the zooplankton protection zone 12. The acoustic fish repellent can be a speaker, loudspeaker, or ultrasonic generator. The sound waves it emits are a signal that fish in the water dislike, thereby achieving the desired fish-repelling effect. Ultrasonic waves can be used as needed. While they are effective in repelling fish and killing algae, they also have a negative impact on zooplankton. Sound waves can propagate and dissipate quickly in water. Therefore, the spacing between the acoustic fish repellents should be appropriately arranged to ensure that adjacent acoustic fish repellents are covered by effective fish-repelling sound signals.

[0041] In the present embodiment, the acoustic signal can be a random pulse sequence with a frequency of 20-2000 Hz and a sound pressure level of 150-180 dB. With the acoustic fish drive as the center, the effective radius of the fish drive is no less than 10 m, and the protected area formed by each of the acoustic fish drives is no less than 300 m. Based on this, the acoustic fish drives can be arranged in a certain arrangement and at intervals to enclose a larger zooplankton protection zone 12 with a smaller number of acoustic fish drives, for example, the area of a single zooplankton protection zone 12 is more than 0.5-1 hectare. In addition, when the water surface area is relatively small, the effective radius of the single acoustic fish drive can be reduced, for example, to 2-3 m, thereby conveniently enclosing a smaller zooplankton protection zone 12 and having a relatively large proportion of area in the zooplankton protection zone 12 that is not affected by the boundary fish drive signal.

[0042] In one embodiment of the present invention, the fish-repelling and isolating device includes a light wave fish-repelling device, and the light waves generated by the light wave fish-repelling devices of the multiple fish-repelling and isolating devices 11 together constitute a light curtain boundary barrier of the zooplankton protection area 12 .

[0043] It should be noted that light-wave fish repellents can be light strips that emit strong light. They are generally installed at the bottom of the water to form a barrier for bottom-dwelling fish that hate light. Because some other non-bottom-dwelling fish are phototactic, light-wave fish repellents should generally be used in conjunction with other fish repellent devices.

[0044] The fish-repelling isolation device 11 has a passive fish-repelling function. This function creates a flexible fish-repelling barrier, such as bubbles, sound, and light, at the boundary of the zooplankton protection zone 12, which is disliked by fish. Fish that approach or contact this barrier automatically move away, preventing them from entering the zooplankton protection zone 12. The fish-repelling isolation device 11 can also be equipped with fish-detecting mechanisms such as cameras and sonar, enabling an energy-saving mode when necessary. This intelligently controls the release of fish-repelling signals only when the fish-detecting mechanism senses the approach of fish.

[0045] The fish driving and isolating device 11 can be designed as a floating or submerged type, or a combination of the two. Figure 3As shown, it comprises a hollow and sealed cylindrical polyethylene shell 110, the bottom of the polyethylene shell 110 is equipped with a counterweight stabilizing block 111, and the bottom of the counterweight stabilizing block 111 is connected to a fixed anchor 113 via an anchoring rope 112. The wall of the polyethylene shell 110 is provided with a plurality of fish-repelling flashing light strips 114 and a sonar fish finder in an array, and a safety warning flag 115 is provided on the top of the polyethylene shell 110. In another embodiment of the present invention, the submerged fish-repelling isolation device is as follows. Figure 4 As shown, it includes a rust-proof steel frame 116 sunk to the bottom of the water. The rust-proof steel frame 116 is in the shape of a long table with an isosceles trapezoidal cross-section. The top of the rust-proof steel frame 116 is provided with an IP68 casing glue-filled waterproof LED strobe light strip and a polyethylene perforated bubble tube 117. The bottom four corners of the rust-proof steel frame 116 are provided with bottom corner counterweights, and a sonar fish finder, a speaker and a signal transceiver 119 are provided inside or on one side of the top.

[0046] In one embodiment of the present invention, the active fish-repelling device 13 is a water drone and / or underwater drone equipped with a mobile power supply 130, and the water drone and / or underwater drone is equipped with a signal generating device that can emit sound or light or other fish-repelling signals.

[0047] In one embodiment of the present invention, the surface drone and / or underwater drone is equipped with a GPS locator or a Beidou locator.

[0048] In one embodiment of the present invention, the above-water drone and / or underwater drone is equipped with a visual obstacle avoidance mechanism 135, a mobile tracking mechanism and / or a sonar fish detection mechanism.

[0049] It should be noted that the above-mentioned components can be used to assemble the above-mentioned drones on the water and underwater drones, which are conducive to automatic inspection. The automatic inspection drones on the water and underwater drones can cooperate with each other to achieve the best expulsion effect. The drone on the water can be in the shape of a boat, and its specific structure is as follows: Figure 5 and 6 As shown, it includes a fuselage, a mobile power supply 130, a photovoltaic module 131, a communication, control and positioning integrated module 132, a propulsion module 133, a sonar fish detection mechanism and an acoustic wave fish repelling mechanism 136 and a safety warning flag 137. The underwater drone can be in the shape of a submarine, such as Figure 7 As shown, it includes a propeller thruster, a video fish-finding mechanism 138, a lighting lamp 139, a light wave fish-driving mechanism, etc.

[0050] In one embodiment of the present invention, each of the biological purification modules 10 further includes a plurality of aeration and oxygenation devices disposed around or inside the zooplankton protection area 12 .

[0051] In one embodiment of the present invention, each of the biological purification modules 10 further includes an ecological floating island mechanism 14, an automatic zooplankton proliferation and delivery mechanism 15, and a zooplankton attracting mechanism 16, which are located in the central area of the zooplankton protection zone 12. The ecological floating island mechanism 14 is planted with aquatic plants. The automatic zooplankton proliferation and delivery mechanism 15 includes a pipeline-type algae cultivation component and a zooplankton cultivation and delivery component connected to the pipeline-type algae cultivation component. The zooplankton attracting mechanism 16 includes a plurality of attracting lamps. The attracting lamps can make the zooplankton protection zone more attractive to zooplankton. By controlling the opening and closing of the attracting lamps, the purpose of controlling the zooplankton's residence time in the zooplankton protection zone can be achieved to a certain extent. In addition, the attracting lamps can also have a certain effect of attracting zooplankton outside the zooplankton protection zone to gather inside the protection zone.

[0052] The zooplankton automatic proliferation and delivery mechanism 15 can specifically adopt existing equipment with corresponding functions, or our self-developed equipment, specifically an integrated microbial generation device, which includes an inlet pretreatment module, a water quality monitoring and control module, an algae cultivation module and a zooplankton expansion and cultivation module which are assembled in a box and connected in sequence. The inlet pretreatment module is used to take water from the target water body and transport it to the water quality monitoring and control module after pretreatment. The water quality monitoring and control module is used to detect the pretreated water and select additional agents for control according to water quality indicators to obtain a solution suitable for algae cultivation. The algae cultivation module includes multiple parallel pipeline algae cultivation components, each of which is connected to the pipeline for algae cultivation. The components include a transparent algae cultivation pipe and an LED lamp arranged outside the algae cultivation pipe. The liquid inlet end of the algae cultivation pipe is connected to the water quality monitoring module, and the liquid outlet end is connected to the algae liquid discharge pipe and the zooplankton expansion module through a monitoring and supply component. The monitoring and supply component includes a feed pump and an algae liquid sampling and detection mechanism connected in parallel with the feed pump. The zooplankton expansion module includes an expansion tank, which is connected to the zooplankton capture component and the bidirectional pump in sequence through an external transmission pipe. A plankton sampling and detection mechanism is provided on the expansion tank or the external transmission pipe. The water pretreatment module, water quality monitoring and control module, algae cultivation module and zooplankton expansion module are respectively electrically connected to the integrated controller. The integrated microbial generation device can be loaded on an ecological floating island or on a carrier such as a ship, so as to realize efficient and continuous expansion of zooplankton and rapid in-situ output to the zooplankton protection area 12. It mainly utilizes the target water body to provide water source and local zooplankton communities or individuals (the zooplankton individuals initially invested in the generation device can be manually selected), and after expansion, it directly outputs living zooplankton with good vitality to the target water body.

[0053] The present invention also provides an in-situ biological purification method for water eutrophication, which uses the above-mentioned purification system to prevent and control water eutrophication, comprising the following steps:

[0054] S1. Investigate information, determine location, and install and deploy: First, investigate the hydrometeorological conditions, underwater topography, underwater vegetation, water quality, plankton species, and fish structure information of the target water body, determine the number of biological purification modules 10 and their distribution locations in the target water body, determine the boundary areas of each zooplankton protection zone 12, and install or deploy each fish-repelling isolation device 11 and active fish-repelling device 13 based on the determined conditions; to achieve effective proliferation and spread of zooplankton in the zooplankton protection zone 12, the zooplankton protection zone 12 is preferably located in an area with gentle water flow and downwind.

[0055] S2. Initial expulsion, construction of zooplankton proliferation protection and in-situ biological purification area: The controller first shuts down each of the fish-driving isolation devices 11 and simultaneously activates each of the active fish-driving devices 13. The active fish-driving devices 13 cruise within the zooplankton protection area 12 and emit fish-driving signals to reduce the number of fish in the zooplankton protection area 12. Then, each of the fish-driving isolation devices 11 is activated to construct a flexible fish-driving barrier around the zooplankton protection area 12. The flexible fish-driving barrier is any one or more of an air curtain boundary barrier, an acoustic curtain boundary barrier, and a light curtain boundary barrier. In this way, the in-situ biological purification area is constructed, and zooplankton is protected and rapidly proliferates in the area.

[0056] S3. Continuously driving away zooplankton and ensuring rapid proliferation to enhance in-situ biological purification of the water body: After the in-situ biological purification area is constructed, each of the fish-driving isolation devices 11 and the active fish-driving device 13 operates continuously to ensure that there is no fish activity or only a small amount of fish activity in the in-situ biological purification area. Zooplankton is not fed by fish and rapidly proliferates and grows into large individuals. A large number of zooplankton gathers in the in-situ biological purification area and continuously spreads to the surrounding water body. The increase in the number of zooplankton in the water body continuously increases the consumption of algae, thereby achieving in-situ continuous purification of the eutrophic water body;

[0057] S4. Start auxiliary equipment to enhance the purification effect: When the eutrophication of the water body is serious and has caused hypoxia in the water body, the aeration and oxygenation devices arranged around each zooplankton protection area 12 are activated to increase oxygen and improve water quality; in addition, in order to prevent the zooplankton protection area 12 from having too few zooplankton populations with proliferation capabilities, the zooplankton automatic proliferation and release mechanism 15 automatically releases zooplankton into the zooplankton protection area 12 according to the set program, thereby accelerating the purification of the eutrophic water body.

[0058] In the above purification method, steps S1 to S3 may also have the following specific selected embodiments:

[0059] When the active fish-repelling device 13 is deployed in S1, if it is in a lake or reservoir with shallow water and good underwater visibility, the surface or underwater drones can be deployed at a density of 1-2 units per 100 square meters.

[0060] The fish-repelling operation for S2 and S3 involves the drone acquiring boundary information for the in-situ culture area (also known as the zooplankton sanctuary). Using its equipped underwater situational awareness components, such as video capture, multibeam sonar, or lidar, the drone performs autonomous underwater terrain scanning, patrol route planning, and active obstacle avoidance. Manual patrol routes can also be planned. With the passive protection unit's acoustic, optical, and air curtains disabled, the drone searches for fish within the in-situ culture area. Using its mechanical motion and visual stimulation generated by the optical signal transmitter, and auditory stimulation generated by the acoustic signal transmitter, the drone repels fish, thereby reducing the fish population within the in-situ culture area. The passive protection unit then activates, emitting acoustic and optical signals and generating an air curtain to create a flexible isolation barrier. The acoustic signal is a random pulse sequence with a frequency of 20-2000Hz and a sound pressure level of 150-180dB. The optical signal uses a double-flash white light with a 2-5Hz intensity of 15,000 Lux. The perforated air curtain infiltration tubes have a diameter of 4-8 cm, with holes punched in a single row, a spacing of 2-5 cm, and a hole diameter of 1-2 mm. The inflation pressure is adjusted based on the tube diameter, hole spacing, and hole diameter to ensure a continuous and uniform air curtain. To continuously control the fish biomass within the culture area, drones are used to conduct periodic inspections of the culture area. Simultaneously, the passive protection unit shares information on detected fish activity with the drone. The drone uses its own mechanical motion and acoustic and optical signal transmitters to drive fish to the edge of the passive protection unit. It then activates and closes the acoustic, optical, and air curtain switches of the passive protection module corresponding to the direction of the fish's escape, completely driving the fish from the culture area and achieving precise expulsion.

[0061] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An in-situ biological purification system for eutrophication of water bodies, characterized in that: The invention comprises a plurality of biological purification modules set up in situ within a water body, each of the biological purification modules comprising a passive protection unit and an active protection unit. The passive protection unit comprises a plurality of fixed fish-repelling and isolating devices, which together form a zooplankton protection zone within the water body to prevent or reduce the chance of fish entering. The active protection unit comprises a mobile, chasing, active fish-repelling device for repelling fish within the zooplankton protection zone. The fish-repelling and isolating devices and the active fish-repelling device are both connected to a controller by signal, and the controller controls the fish-repelling and isolating devices to issue or stop issuing fish-repelling signals. After each of the fish-repelling isolation devices is activated, a flexible fish-repelling barrier can be constructed around the perimeter of the zooplankton protection zone. The flexible fish-repelling barrier can be any one or more of an air curtain boundary barrier, a sound curtain boundary barrier, and a light curtain boundary barrier. A large number of zooplankton gather in the in-situ biological purification area and continue to spread to the surrounding water body. Each of the biological purification modules also includes an ecological floating island mechanism, an automatic zooplankton proliferation and delivery mechanism, and a zooplankton attracting mechanism, which are located in the central area of the zooplankton protection area. Aquatic plants are planted on the ecological floating island mechanism. The automatic zooplankton proliferation and delivery mechanism has a pipeline-type algae cultivation component and a zooplankton cultivation and delivery component connected to the pipeline-type algae cultivation component. The zooplankton attracting mechanism includes a number of attracting lamps.

2. The in-situ biological purification system for eutrophication of water bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fish-driving and isolating device comprises an air bubble curtain generator, and the air bubble curtains generated by the air bubble curtain generators of the multiple fish-driving and isolating devices together constitute an air curtain boundary barrier of the zooplankton protection zone.

3. The in-situ biological purification system for eutrophication of water bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fish-driving and isolating device includes an acoustic fish-driving device, and the acoustic waves generated by the acoustic fish-driving devices of the multiple fish-driving and isolating devices together constitute a sound curtain boundary barrier of the zooplankton protection area.

4. The in-situ biological purification system for eutrophication of water bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fish-driving and isolating device includes a light wave fish-driving device, and the light waves generated by the light wave fish-driving devices of the fish-driving and isolating devices together constitute a light curtain boundary barrier of the zooplankton protection zone.

5. The in-situ biological purification system for eutrophication of water bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that: The active fish-repelling device is an overwater drone and / or underwater drone equipped with a mobile power supply, and the overwater drone and / or underwater drone is equipped with a signal generating device that can emit sound, light or bubble fish-repelling signals.

6. The in-situ biological purification system for eutrophication of water bodies according to claim 5, characterized in that: The above-water UAV and / or underwater UAV is equipped with a GPS locator or a Beidou locator.

7. The in-situ biological purification system for eutrophication of water bodies according to claim 5, characterized in that: The above-water UAV and / or underwater UAV is equipped with a visual obstacle avoidance mechanism, a mobile tracking mechanism and / or a sonar fish detection mechanism.

8. The in-situ biological purification system for eutrophication of water bodies according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: Each of the biological purification modules further includes a plurality of aeration and oxygenation devices arranged around or inside the zooplankton protection area.

9. An in-situ biological purification method for eutrophication of water bodies, characterized in that: Using the purification system according to claim 8 comprises the following steps: S1. Survey Information, Determine Location, and Install and Deploy: First, investigate the target water body's hydrometeorological conditions, underwater topography, underwater vegetation, water quality, plankton species, and fish population. Determine the number of bio-purification modules and their distribution within the target water body, and determine the boundaries of each zooplankton protection zone. Based on this information, install or deploy each fish-repelling isolation device and active fish-repelling device. S2. Initial expulsion, establishment of a zooplankton proliferation protection and in-situ biological purification zone: The controller first shuts down each of the fish-repelling isolation devices and simultaneously activates each of the active fish-repelling devices. The active fish-repelling devices cruise within the zooplankton protection zone and emit fish-repelling signals, thereby reducing the number of fish in the zooplankton protection zone. The fish-repelling isolation devices are then activated to construct a flexible fish-repelling barrier surrounding the zooplankton protection zone. The flexible fish-repelling barrier can be one or more of an air curtain boundary barrier, an acoustic curtain boundary barrier, and a light curtain boundary barrier. Thus, the in-situ biological purification zone is established, and the zooplankton is protected and rapidly proliferates within the zone. S3. Continuously expel zooplankton and ensure rapid proliferation to enhance in-situ biological purification of the water: After the in-situ biological purification area is constructed, all of the fish-repelling isolation devices and active fish-repelling devices operate continuously to ensure that there is no fish activity or only a small amount of fish activity within the in-situ biological purification area. This prevents the zooplankton from being consumed by fish and allows them to rapidly proliferate and grow into large individuals. Large numbers of zooplankton gather within the in-situ biological purification area and continuously spread to the surrounding water. The increased number of zooplankton in the water increases the consumption of algae, thereby achieving continuous in-situ purification of the eutrophic water body. S4. Start auxiliary equipment to enhance the purification effect: When the eutrophication of the water body is serious and has caused hypoxia in the water body, activate the aeration and oxygenation devices arranged around each zooplankton protection area to increase oxygen and improve water quality; in addition, in order to prevent the zooplankton protection area from having too few zooplankton populations with proliferation capabilities, the zooplankton automatic proliferation and release mechanism will automatically release zooplankton into the zooplankton protection area according to the set program to accelerate the purification of the eutrophic water body.

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