Crop stalk crushing and deep burying ridge forming device

Abstract

A crop straw crushing, deep burial, and ridging device includes a frame with a three-point suspension frame at the front. From front to back, the lower part of the frame is equipped with a straw crushing and collecting mechanism, a conveying and spreading mechanism, a soil lifting mechanism, and a soil backfilling and ridging mechanism. In summary, this invention uses a linkage mechanism to make the straw-crushing shovel with a material-holding motion reciprocate, cooperating with a fixed straw-crushing blade to chop the straw and gather the straw-soil mixture. A camera on the frame provides discharge information to a wireless controller, and the variable-diameter wheel adaptively changes its diameter under the control of the wireless controller. A camera on the shovel surface provides the controller with information on soil adhesion on the shovel surface, controlling the amount of humic liquid dispensed. Combined with the fish-scale-shaped protrusions on the shovel surface, soil adhesion is reduced and the straw decomposition speed is increased, while simultaneously creating furrows of a certain depth. A gear set controls the angle and height of the ridges, enabling soil leveling and backfilling or ridging after the straw and stubble are crushed and deeply buried.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to agricultural machinery, and mainly relates to a crop straw crushing, deep burying and ridge forming device. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, the straw crushing quality is poor, the straw burying depth is insufficient, the straw distribution is uneven, and the existing straw burying device ridge forming part has single function and poor adaptability to different planting modes, so that the soil water retention capacity is poor, and the subsequent agricultural cultivation is affected. SUMMARY

[0003] The purpose of the application is to solve the above technical problems, and a crop straw crushing, deep burying and ridge forming device is developed, which collects the straw and soil mixture on the surface layer of the cultivated land, realizes symmetrical back-hugging movement of the two side cutters through the connecting rod mechanism, collects the straw and soil mixture, and cuts the straw through the cooperation of the moving cutter and the fixed cutter; the camera, the variable diameter wheel and the material throwing wheel are used to realize quantitative mixing of the crushed straw and soil mixture and uniform control of the conveying speed; the camera, the pesticide spraying device and the soil lifting shovel are used to realize deep burying of the straw and soil mixture in the ditch under the condition of low soil adhesion; and the angle-variable back soil mechanism is used to realize variable shape ridge forming and variable shape ridge forming operation after the straw is crushed and deeply buried. The purpose of the application is achieved in the following way: the device comprises a rack, a three-point suspension frame, a fixed base and a support rod are arranged at the front end of the upper part of the rack, a straw crushing and collecting mechanism, a conveying and throwing mechanism, a soil lifting mechanism and a back soil and ridge forming mechanism are sequentially arranged from front to back at the lower part of the rack, and the motor, the controller, the battery and the camera are connected by wires.

[0004] The straw crushing and collecting mechanism is fixed below the front end of the frame, the mounting plate is fixed on the frame through the collecting shovel mounting frame, the second controller, the second battery and the first motor are fixed on the mounting plate, the second battery is connected with the second controller and the first motor through wires, the second controller controls the rotation of the first motor through wires, the first pulley is fixed on the power output shaft of the first motor, the fourth pulley is connected with the first pulley through the first transmission belt, the first rotating shaft is rotatably installed on the mounting plate, the fourth pulley, the first transmission gear and the first disc are fixed on the first rotating shaft, the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft are symmetrically arranged, the seventh transmission gear and the first disc are fixed on the second rotating shaft, the first cylindrical protrusion is arranged at the eccentric position of the upper edge of the first disc, the first disc is hingedly connected with the straw crushing and collecting shovel through the first cylindrical protrusion, one end of the connecting rod arm is rotatably installed on the mounting plate, the other end is hingedly connected with the straw crushing and collecting shovel through the fixed stud, the connecting rod arm and the straw crushing and collecting shovel are symmetrically arranged in two groups, the gear mounting frame is fixed on the mounting plate, the second transmission gear and the sixth transmission gear are rotatably installed on the gear mounting frame, the first transmission gear, the second transmission gear, the sixth transmission gear and the seventh transmission gear are sequentially meshed, the straw crushing and collecting shovel is provided with four cutters at the end, each cutter has a sawtooth edge, the four cutters are vertically and equidistantly arranged, the two fixed straw crushing cutters are symmetrically fixed on the front part of the mounting plate, the fixed straw crushing cutter has five blades, each blade has a sawtooth edge, and the five blades are vertically and equidistantly arranged, and can form supporting cutting with the movable cutter on the straw crushing and collecting shovel.

[0005] The conveying and scattering mechanism is fixed at the middle and rear part below the frame. The camshaft, conveyor belt drive shaft, conveyor belt driven shaft, throwing wheel drive shaft, power conversion shaft, and variable diameter wheel shaft are all rotatably mounted on the mounting plate. Each conveyor belt drive shaft is fixedly equipped with a fifth pulley, a sixth pulley, and a first sleeve. The conveyor belt driven shaft is fixedly equipped with a second sleeve. The camshaft is fixedly equipped with a seventh pulley and three cams. The power conversion shaft is fixedly equipped with a tenth pulley and a third transmission gear. The variable diameter wheel shaft is fixedly equipped with an eighth pulley. The throwing wheel drive shaft is fixedly equipped with a fourth transmission gear, a throwing wheel, and a ninth pulley. The third battery, third controller, second motor, and third motor are fixed to the bottom of the mounting plate. The third battery is connected to the first... The system comprises three controllers, a second motor, and a third motor. The third controller can synchronously control the rotation of the second and third motors via wires. The second pulley is fixed to the power output shaft of the second motor and is connected to the fifth pulley via a second transmission belt. The sixth pulley is connected to the seventh pulley via a third transmission belt. The conveyor belt is fitted onto the first and second sleeves. The third pulley is fixed to the power output shaft of the third motor and is connected to the ninth pulley on the drive shaft of the throwing wheel via a fourth transmission belt. The third transmission gear meshes with the fourth transmission gear. The tenth pulley is connected to the eighth pulley via a fifth transmission belt. The first battery, the first controller, and the first camera are fixed to the lower part of the frame. The first battery is connected to the first controller and the first camera via wires. The first controller is connected to the first camera via wires. The throwing wheel is located at the discharge port of the conveyor belt, and the first camera faces the throwing port formed by the throwing wheel and the diameter-changing wheel. The diameter-changing mounting disc has five first slide rails arranged at equal angles around its circumference, and the diameter-changing gear has five arc-shaped second slide grooves opened at equal angles around its circumference. The diameter-changing support plate has a first slide groove in the middle. The fourth battery, the fourth controller, and the motor mounting bracket are all fixed on the diameter-changing mounting disc. The fourth motor is fixed on the motor mounting bracket. The fourth battery is connected to the fourth controller and the fourth motor via wires. The fourth controller controls the fourth motor via wires. The fifth transmission gear is fixed. On the power output shaft of the fourth motor, the fifth transmission gear meshes with the diameter-changing gear; the diameter-changing mounting disc is fixedly mounted on the diameter-changing wheel shaft, the diameter-changing gear is rotatably mounted on the diameter-changing wheel shaft, one end of the support rod is fixedly connected to the diameter-changing support piece, and the other end is slidably mounted in the first slide rail, and a second cylindrical protrusion is provided at the other end, which is slidably mounted in the second slide groove; each diameter-changing slide piece has a supporting cylinder fixedly connected to both ends of its inner side, one end of each supporting cylinder is fixedly connected to the diameter-changing slide piece, and a limiting block is installed at the other end. The two supporting cylinders are slidably mounted in the first slide grooves of two adjacent diameter-changing support pieces, so that the diameter-changing slide piece and the diameter-changing support piece are always in contact.

[0006] The soil-lifting mechanism is located in the lower middle part of the frame. The soil-lifting shovel is fixed to the bottom of the mounting plate via a mounting bracket and a mounting block on the upper part of the soil-lifting shovel 54. The shovel surface has a certain curvature, and fish-scale protrusions are installed on the outer surface of the shovel. Each fish-scale protrusion in the first row is equidistant from the horizontal direction. The fish-scale protrusions in the second and third rows are set at a 30° angle to the horizontal direction, and the remaining fish-scale protrusions are set at a 45° angle to the horizontal line. The second camera and the three spray nozzles are symmetrically fixed to both sides of the outer surface of the soil-lifting shovel. The fifth battery and the fifth controller are symmetrically fixed to the inner surface of the soil-lifting shovel. The fifth motor is symmetrically fixed to the inner platform of the soil-lifting shovel. The fifth battery transmits electricity... The fifth controller, second camera, and fifth motor are connected by wires. The second camera is connected to the fifth controller via wires, and the fifth controller controls the rotation of the fifth motor via wires. A liquid-throwing plate is fixed on the power output shaft of the fifth motor. The liquid storage tank is fixed in the center of the internal platform of the soil-lifting shovel. A main liquid pipe is installed at the front of the liquid storage tank. The other end of the main liquid pipe is installed at the inlet of the diversion liquid pipe. The diversion liquid pipe has six outlets and one inlet. The outlet of the diversion liquid pipe is installed at the inlet in the middle of the front housing of the liquid pump. The front housing of the liquid pump is installed on the rear housing of the liquid pump. There is an outlet at the bottom of the front housing of the liquid pump connected to the delivery pipe. The other end of the delivery pipe is connected to the spray nozzle. The rear housing of the liquid pump is installed on the outer shell of the fifth motor.

[0007] The backfilling and ridging mechanism is located at the rear end below the frame. The main mounting frame is fixed to the frame and has slots and grooves. A variable angle mounting frame is inserted into the upper part of the main mounting frame. The first climbing gear meshes with the slot on the upper part of the main mounting frame. The sixth battery, the sixth controller, and the sixth motor are all fixed to the variable angle mounting frame. The sixth battery is connected to the sixth controller and the sixth motor via wires. The sixth controller controls the rotation of the sixth motor via wires. The first climbing gear shaft is fixed to the power output shaft of the sixth motor. The first climbing gear is fixed to the first climbing gear shaft. One end of the side rod is rotatably mounted on the variable angle mounting frame. A second anti-detachment mounting block is fixed to the lower center of the side rod. A perforated crossbar mounting frame is inserted into the middle of the main mounting frame. The second climbing gear meshes with the slot in the middle of the main mounting frame. The seventh battery, the seventh controller, and the seventh motor are all fixed to the perforated crossbar mounting frame. The perforated crossbar is fixed to the perforated crossbar mounting frame via a crossbar fixing block. The seventh battery is connected to the power output shaft of the sixth motor via a wire. The wires are connected to the seventh controller and the seventh motor respectively. The seventh controller controls the rotation of the seventh motor through the wires. The second climbing gear shaft is fixed on the power output shaft of the seventh motor. The second climbing gear is fixed on the second climbing gear shaft. The first anti-detachment mounting blocks are fixed at both ends of the crossbar with holes. A ridge plate is fixed on the round sleeve block. The round sleeve block is inserted into the side rod. The rectangular sleeve block is inserted into the crossbar with holes. The round sleeve block and the rectangular sleeve block are connected by a connecting bearing. The leveling shovel mounting frame is inserted into the lower part of the main mounting frame. The third climbing gear meshes with the slot at the lower part of the main mounting frame. The eighth battery, the eighth controller, and the eighth motor are all fixed on the leveling shovel mounting frame. The eighth battery is connected to the eighth controller and the eighth motor respectively through wires. The eighth controller controls the rotation of the eighth motor through the wires. The third climbing gear is fixed on the power output shaft of the eighth motor. The leveling shovel is fixed at the lower end of the leveling shovel mounting frame. The front of the leveling shovel is a soil-returning block with a triangular notch, and the rear is a flat plate.

[0008] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention mainly includes a straw crushing and collecting mechanism, a conveying and spreading mechanism, a soil lifting mechanism, and a soil backfilling and ridging mechanism. The straw crushing and collecting mechanism utilizes the strip-shaped gap at the front end of the collecting shovel to scoop up the stubble, while the material-holding moving blade of the straw crushing shovel performs a reciprocating back-holding motion, which, together with the fixed straw crushing blade, cuts the straw and stubble, thereby achieving the crushing of straw and collection of the straw-soil mixture. Furthermore, the conveying and spreading mechanism uses a first camera to observe the discharge of the straw-soil mixture from the outlet, and adjusts the diameter of the variable-diameter wheel according to the actual situation to achieve the spreading of the mixture. The quantitative and uniform conveying speed is controlled; the soil lifting mechanism uses a second camera to observe the soil adhesion on the lifting shovel surface as the machine moves forward, and controls the speed of the liquid pump according to the actual situation, so that the humic liquid can fully lubricate the shovel surface, reducing the amount of soil adhering to the shovel surface. At the same time, the humic liquid mixed with the soil can accelerate the decomposition speed of straw and realize the return to the field; the soil returning and ridging mechanism uses different height combinations of variable angle mounting frame, perforated crossbar mounting frame and flat soil shovel mounting frame to realize the variable shape ridging operation after the straw is crushed and buried, while reducing the disturbance to the soil. Attached Figure Description

[0009] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0010] In the attached diagram:

[0011] Figure 1 This is an isometric view of the overall device of the present invention.

[0012] Figure 2 The above-view axonometric drawing shows the structure of the straw crushing and collecting mechanism and the conveying and spreading mechanism of the present invention.

[0013] Figure 3 Axonometric drawing of a variable diameter wheel structure

[0014] Figure 4 Soil-lifting mechanism structure and isometric drawing of the liquid pump

[0015] Figure 5 Axonometric drawing of backfilling and ridge-building mechanism

[0016] Figure 6 Axonometric drawing of the leveling section of the backfilling and ridge-building mechanism

[0017] In the diagram, 1 is a three-point suspension frame, 2 is a support rod, 3 is a fixed base, 4 is a frame, 5 is a first battery, 6 is a first controller, 7 is a first camera, 8 is a mounting plate, 9 is a moving blade for feeding straw, 10 is a fixed blade for crushing straw, 11 is a first rotating shaft, 12 is a fixing stud, 13 is a connecting arm, 14 is a second battery, 15 is a second controller, 16 is a first motor, 17 is a first transmission belt, 18 is a first transmission gear, 19 is a second transmission gear, 20 is a fifth transmission belt, 21 is a gear mounting bracket, 22 is a driven shaft of the conveyor belt, 23 is a transmission shaft of the conveyor belt, 24 is a conveyor belt, 25 is a camshaft, 26 is a third controller, 27 is a third battery, 28 is a second motor, 29 is a third motor, 30 is a third transmission belt, and 31 is a second transmission belt. Belt, 32 Fourth transmission belt, 33 Throwing wheel drive shaft, 34 Fourth transmission gear, 35 Power conversion shaft, 36 Third transmission gear, 37 First disc, 38 Variable diameter wheel axle, 39 Throwing wheel, 40 Soil lifting shovel mounting bracket, 41 Collection shovel mounting bracket, 42 Variable diameter gear, 43 Fifth transmission gear, 44 Fourth controller, 45 Fourth battery, 46 Fourth motor, 47 Variable diameter sliding plate, 48 Support cylinder, 49 Support rod, 50 Limiting block, 51 Variable diameter support plate, 52 Motor mounting bracket, 53 Variable diameter mounting disc, 54 Soil lifting shovel, 55 Second camera, 56 Liquid spray nozzle, 57 Fifth battery, 58 Fifth controller, 59 Liquid pump front housing, 60 Liquid pump rear housing, 61 First 5. Motor, 62. Liquid Throwing Pan, 63. Diverting Liquid Guide Pipe, 64. Main Liquid Guide Pipe, 65. Liquid Storage Tank, 66. Liquid Delivery Pipe, 67. Main Mounting Bracket, 68. Variable Angle Mounting Bracket, 69. Sixth Motor, 70. Sixth Controller, 71. First Climbing Gear, 72. First Climbing Gear Shaft, 73. Side Rod, 74. Ridge Plate, 75. Circular Sleeve Block, 76. Perforated Crossbar Mounting Bracket, 77. Crossbar Fixing Block, 78. Perforated Crossbar, 79. Seventh Battery, 80. Second Climbing Gear, 81. Seventh Controller, 82. Seventh Motor, 83. Second Climbing Gear Shaft, 84. Eighth Battery, 85. Second Pulley, 86. Eighth Motor, 87. Eighth Controller, 88. Third Climbing Gear, 89. Leveling Shovel, 90. Leveling Shovel Mounting Bracket Mounting bracket, 91 First anti-detachment mounting block, 92 Second anti-detachment mounting block, 93 First pulley, 94 Third pulley, 95 Sixth battery, 96 Fish scale protrusion, 97 Fourth pulley, 98 First cylindrical protrusion, 99 Second cylindrical protrusion, 100 Fifth pulley, 101 Sixth pulley, 102 Seventh pulley, 103 Eighth pulley, 104 Ninth pulley, 105 Tenth pulley, 106 Second slide groove, 107 Sixth transmission gear, 108 Seventh transmission gear, 109 First slide groove, 110 First slide rail, 111 Second sleeve, 112 Cam, 113 First sleeve, 114 Second rotating shaft, 115 Connecting bearing, 116 Rectangular sleeve, 117 Mounting block Detailed Implementation

[0018] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. A crop straw crushing, deep burial, and ridging device includes a frame 4. The upper front end of the frame 4 is provided with a three-point suspension frame 1, a fixed base 3, and a support rod 2. The lower part of the frame is provided with a straw crushing and collecting mechanism, a conveying and spreading mechanism, a soil lifting mechanism, and a soil returning and ridging mechanism in sequence from front to back.

[0019] The straw crushing and collecting mechanism is fixed at the front end below the frame 4. The mounting plate 8 is fixed to the frame 4 via the collecting shovel mounting bracket 41. The second controller 15, the second battery 14, and the first motor 16 are fixed to the mounting plate 8. The second battery 14 is connected to the second controller 15 and the first motor 16 via wires. The second controller 15 controls the rotation of the first motor 16 via wires. The first pulley 93 is fixed to the power output shaft of the first motor 16. The fourth pulley 97 is connected to the first pulley 93 via the first transmission belt 17. The first rotating shaft 11 is rotatably mounted on the mounting plate 8. The fourth pulley 97, the first transmission gear 18, and the first disc 37 are all fixed to the first rotating shaft 11. The first rotating shaft 11 and the second rotating shaft 114 are symmetrically arranged. The seventh transmission gear 108 and the first disc 37 are both fixed to the second rotating shaft 114. A first cylindrical protrusion 98 is provided at the eccentric position of the upper edge of the first disc 37. 37 is hinged to the material-holding moving blade straw-chopping shovel 9 via the first cylindrical protrusion 98. One end of the connecting arm 13 is rotatably mounted on the mounting plate 8, and the other end is hinged to the material-holding moving blade straw-chopping shovel 9 via the fixing stud 12. The connecting arm 13 and the material-holding moving blade straw-chopping shovel 9 are arranged symmetrically on the left and right. The gear mounting frame 21 is fixedly mounted on the mounting plate 8. The second transmission gear 19 and the sixth transmission gear 107 are rotatably mounted on the gear mounting frame 21. The first transmission gear 18, the second transmission gear 19, the sixth transmission gear 107, and the seventh transmission gear 108 mesh in sequence. The end of the material-holding moving blade straw-chopping shovel 9 is provided with four blades, each blade having a serrated cutting edge. The four blades are arranged vertically and equidistantly. Two straw-chopping fixed blades 10 are symmetrically fixed on the front of the mounting plate 8. The straw-chopping fixed blades 10 have five blades, each blade having a serrated cutting edge, and the five blades are arranged vertically and equidistantly, which can form a support and cutting with the moving blade on the material-holding moving blade straw-chopping shovel 9.

[0020] The conveying and scattering mechanism is fixed in the middle and rear part below the frame 4. The camshaft 25, conveyor belt drive shaft 23, conveyor belt driven shaft 22, throwing wheel drive shaft 33, power conversion shaft 35, and variable diameter wheel shaft 38 are all rotatably mounted on the mounting plate 8. The conveyor belt drive shaft 23 is fixedly equipped with a fifth pulley 100, a sixth pulley 101, and a first sleeve 113. The conveyor belt driven shaft 22 is fixedly equipped with a second sleeve 111. The camshaft 25 is fixedly equipped with a seventh pulley 102 and three cams 112. The power conversion shaft 35 is fixedly equipped with a tenth pulley 105 and a third transmission gear 36. The variable diameter wheel shaft 38 is fixedly equipped with an eighth pulley 103. The throwing wheel drive shaft 33 is fixedly equipped with a fourth transmission gear. 34. Throwing wheel 39, ninth pulley 104; the third battery 27, third controller 26, second motor 28, and third motor 29 are fixed to the bottom of mounting plate 8. The third battery 27 is connected to the third controller 26, second motor 28, and third motor 29 respectively via wires. The third controller 26 can synchronously control the rotation of the second motor 28 and third motor 29 via wires. The second pulley 85 is fixed on the power output shaft of the second motor 28. The second pulley 85 is connected to the fifth pulley 100 via the second transmission belt 31. The sixth pulley 101 is connected to the seventh pulley 102 via the third transmission belt 30. The conveyor belt 24 is fitted onto the first sleeve 113 and the second sleeve 104. 11. The third pulley 94 is fixed on the power output shaft of the third motor 29. The third pulley 94 is connected to the ninth pulley 104 on the drive shaft 33 of the throwing wheel via the fourth transmission belt 32. The third transmission gear 36 meshes with the fourth transmission gear 34. The tenth pulley 105 is connected to the eighth pulley 103 via the fifth transmission belt 20. The first battery 5, the first controller 6, and the first camera 7 are fixed on the lower part of the frame 4. The first battery 5 is connected to the first controller 6 and the first camera 7 via wires. The first controller 6 is connected to the first camera 7 via wires. The throwing wheel 39 is located at the discharge port of the conveyor belt 24. The first camera 7 is directly facing the throwing wheel 39 and the variable diameter wheel. The variable diameter mounting disc 53 is provided with five first slide rails 110 at equal angles around its circumference, and the variable diameter gear 42 is provided with five arc-shaped second slide grooves 106 at equal angles around its circumference. The variable diameter support plate 51 is provided with a first slide groove 109 in the middle. The fourth battery 45, the fourth controller 44, and the motor mounting bracket 52 are all fixed on the variable diameter mounting disc 53. The fourth motor 46 is fixed on the motor mounting bracket 52. The fourth battery 45 is connected to the fourth controller 44 and the fourth motor 46 through wires. The fourth controller 44 controls the fourth motor 46 through wires. The fifth transmission gear 43 is fixed on the power output shaft of the fourth motor 46. The fifth transmission gear 43 meshes with the variable diameter gear 42.A variable diameter mounting disc 53 is fixedly mounted on a variable diameter wheel axle 38. A variable diameter gear 42 is rotatably mounted on the variable diameter wheel axle 38. One end of a support rod 49 is fixedly connected to a variable diameter support piece 51, and the other end is slidably mounted in a first slide rail 110. A second cylindrical protrusion 99 is provided at the other end, and the second cylindrical protrusion 99 is slidably mounted in a second slide groove 106. Each variable diameter slide piece 47 has a supporting cylinder 48 fixedly connected to both ends of its inner side. One end of each supporting cylinder 48 is fixedly connected to the variable diameter slide piece 47, and the other end is equipped with a limiting block 50. The two supporting cylinders 48 are slidably mounted in the first slide grooves 109 of two adjacent variable diameter support pieces 51, so that the variable diameter slide piece 47 and the variable diameter support piece 51 are always in contact.

[0021] The soil-lifting mechanism is located in the lower middle part of the frame 4. The soil-lifting shovel 54 is fixed to the bottom of the mounting plate 8 by the soil-lifting shovel mounting bracket 40 and the mounting block 117 on the upper part of the soil-lifting shovel 54. The shovel surface of the soil-lifting shovel 54 has a certain curvature. Fish scale-shaped protrusions 96 are installed on the outer surface of the soil-lifting shovel. Each fish scale-shaped protrusion 96 in the first row is equidistant from the horizontal direction. The fish scale-shaped protrusions 96 in the second and third rows are set at a 30° angle to the horizontal direction. The remaining fish scale-shaped protrusions 96 in each row are set at a 45° angle to the horizontal line. The second camera 55 and the liquid spray nozzle 56 are fixed symmetrically on both sides of the outer surface of the soil-lifting shovel 54 in a group of three. The fifth battery 57 and the fifth controller 58 are fixed symmetrically on the inner surface of the soil-lifting shovel 54 in a group of three. The fifth motor 61 is fixed symmetrically on the inner platform of the soil-lifting shovel 54 in a group of three. The fifth battery 57 is connected to the fifth controller 58 through wires. The device consists of a second camera 55 and a fifth motor 61. The second camera 55 is connected to the fifth controller 58 via wires. The fifth controller 58 controls the rotation of the fifth motor 61 via wires. A liquid-throwing plate 62 is fixed on the power output shaft of the fifth motor 61. The liquid storage tank 65 is fixed in the center of the internal platform of the soil-lifting shovel 54. A main liquid pipe 64 is installed at the front of the liquid storage tank 65. The other end of the main liquid pipe 64 is installed at the inlet of the diversion liquid pipe 63. The diversion liquid pipe 63 has six outlets and one inlet. The outlet of the diversion liquid pipe 63 is installed at the inlet in the middle of the front housing 59 of the liquid pump. The front housing 59 of the liquid pump is installed on the rear housing 60 of the liquid pump. There is an outlet at the bottom of the front housing 59 of the liquid pump connected to the delivery pipe 66. The other end of the delivery pipe 66 is connected to the spray nozzle 56. The rear housing 60 of the liquid pump is installed on the outer shell of the fifth motor 61.

[0022] The backfilling and ridging mechanism is located at the lower rear end of the frame 4. The main mounting frame 67 is fixed on the frame 4 and has a slot and a sliding groove. The variable angle mounting frame 68 is inserted into the upper part of the main mounting frame 67. The first climbing gear 71 meshes with the upper slot of the main mounting frame 67. The sixth battery 95, the sixth controller 70, and the sixth motor 69 are all fixed on the variable angle mounting frame 68. The sixth battery 95 is connected to the sixth controller 70 and the sixth motor 69 respectively through wires. The sixth controller 70 controls the rotation of the sixth motor 69 through wires. The first climbing gear shaft 72 is fixed to the sixth motor 69. On the power output shaft of component 9, the first climbing gear 71 is fixedly mounted on the first climbing gear shaft 72. One end of the side rod 73 is rotatably mounted on the variable angle mounting bracket 68, and the lower center end of the side rod 73 is fixedly mounted with a second anti-detachment mounting block 92. The perforated crossbar mounting bracket 76 is inserted into the middle of the main mounting bracket 67. The second climbing gear 80 meshes with the slot in the middle of the main mounting bracket 67. The seventh battery 79, the seventh controller 81, and the seventh motor 82 are all fixed on the perforated crossbar mounting bracket 76. The perforated crossbar 78 is fixed to the perforated crossbar mounting bracket 76 by the crossbar fixing block 77. The seventh battery 79 is connected to the crossbar mounting bracket 76 by wires. The seventh controller 81 and the seventh motor 82 are connected respectively. The seventh controller 81 controls the rotation of the seventh motor 82 via wires. The second climbing gear shaft 83 is fixed to the power output shaft of the seventh motor 82. The second climbing gear 80 is fixed to the second climbing gear shaft 83. The two ends of the perforated crossbar 78 are fixed with the first anti-detachment mounting blocks 91. A ridge plate 74 is fixed on the round sleeve block. The round sleeve block 75 is inserted into the side rod 73. The rectangular sleeve block 116 is inserted into the perforated crossbar 78. The round sleeve block 75 and the rectangular sleeve block 116 are connected by a connecting bearing 115. The leveling shovel is installed... The mounting bracket 90 is inserted into the lower part of the main mounting bracket 67. The third climbing gear 88 meshes with the slot at the lower part of the main mounting bracket 67. The eighth battery 84, the eighth controller 87, and the eighth motor 86 are all fixed on the leveling shovel mounting bracket 90. The eighth battery 84 is connected to the eighth controller 87 and the eighth motor 86 respectively through wires. The eighth controller 87 controls the rotation of the eighth motor 86 through wires. The third climbing gear 88 is fixed on the power output shaft of the eighth motor 86. The leveling shovel 89 is fixed at the lower end of the leveling shovel mounting bracket 90. The front of the leveling shovel 89 is a soil-returning block with a triangular notch, and the rear is a flat plate.

[0023] During operation, the tractor drives the implement forward, and the front end of the mounting plate 8 touches the soil, allowing the topsoil and straw to enter the collection shovel. The stubble enters through the strip-shaped gap at the front end of the mounting plate 8. The second controller 15 controls the first motor 16 to rotate, which in turn drives the first pulley 93. The first pulley 93 transmits power to the first shaft 11 via the first transmission belt 17. The first shaft 11 drives the first transmission gear 18 to rotate. The first transmission gear 18, the second transmission gear 19, the sixth transmission gear 107, and the seventh transmission gear 108 mesh sequentially, achieving simultaneous and opposite rotation of the first transmission gear 18 and the seventh transmission gear 108, thus driving... The two first discs 37 on the left and right rotate in opposite directions at the same speed, thereby driving the first cylindrical protrusion 98 to rotate eccentrically. This drives the material-holding moving blade shovel 9 and the connecting arm 13 to achieve a reciprocating back-holding motion. At the same time, with the cooperation of the fixed blade 10, the collected straw and stubble are cut. The third controller 26 synchronously controls the rotation of the second motor 28 and the third motor 29. The second motor 28 drives the second pulley 85 to rotate. The second pulley 85 drives the fifth pulley 100 to rotate through the second transmission belt 31. The fifth pulley 100 drives the conveyor belt drive shaft 23 to rotate. The conveyor belt drive shaft 23 drives the first sleeve 113 to rotate. The conveyor belt 24 is fitted onto the first sleeve 113. On both sleeve 113 and sleeve 111, under the rotation of the conveyor belt drive shaft 23, the conveyor belt 24 drives the conveyor belt drive shaft 22 to rotate, the conveyor belt drive shaft 23 drives the sixth pulley 101 to rotate, the sixth pulley 101 drives the seventh pulley 102 to rotate via the third drive belt 30, the seventh pulley 102 drives the camshaft 25 to rotate, and in turn drives the cam 112 to rotate. Finally, when conveying the crushed straw and soil mixture upward through the conveyor belt 24, the cam 112 periodically pushes the conveyor belt 24 upward to reduce the adhesion of the mixture on the conveyor belt 24. The third motor 29 drives the third pulley 94 to rotate. Wheel 94 drives the ninth pulley 104 to rotate via the fourth transmission belt 32, which in turn drives the throwing transmission shaft 33 to rotate, and drives the fourth transmission gear 34 to rotate. The fourth transmission gear 34 drives the third transmission gear 36 to rotate in the opposite direction through gear meshing. The third transmission gear 36 drives the power conversion shaft 35 to rotate, and the power conversion shaft 35 drives the tenth pulley 105 to rotate. The tenth pulley 105 drives the eighth pulley 103 to rotate via the fifth transmission belt 20. The eighth pulley 103 drives the variable diameter wheel shaft 38 to rotate, and the variable diameter wheel shaft 38 drives the variable diameter mounting disc 53 to rotate, which in turn drives the entire variable diameter wheel to rotate, ultimately enabling the mixed material to be thrown out smoothly.The first camera 7 observes the discharge volume of the mixture at the discharge end and transmits the image information to the first controller 6. The first controller 6 transmits the control information for wheel diameter adjustment to the fourth controller 44 via a wireless signal. The fourth controller 44 controls the fourth motor 46 to rotate, which in turn drives the fifth transmission gear 43 to rotate. The fifth transmission gear 43 then drives the variable diameter gear 42 to rotate through gear meshing. During this process, the second cylindrical protrusion 99 on the support rod 49 slides along the second sliding groove 106 on the variable diameter gear 42. At the same time, the support rod 49 of the variable diameter support plate 51 slides radially along the first slide rail 110 on the variable diameter mounting disc 53. The variable diameter slide plate 47, through the support cylinder 48, slides along the transverse groove opened on the variable diameter support plate 51. The first chute 109 slides tangentially. A limiting block 50 is installed at one end of the supporting cylinder 48. The limiting block 50 ensures that the variable diameter support plate 51 and the variable diameter sliding plate 47 are tightly fitted, ultimately achieving adjustable diameter wheel diameter. After observing the soil adhesion on the shovel surface, the second camera 55 transmits the information to the fifth controller 58. The fifth controller 58 controls the fifth motor 61 to rotate at a certain speed, thereby controlling the liquid pump discharge speed. This allows the liquid to be drawn from the storage tank 65 through the main liquid pipe 64 and the diversion liquid pipe 63 into the liquid pump through the inlet of the liquid pump front housing 59. Finally, it is smoothly sprayed from the outlet of the liquid pump front housing 59 through the delivery pipe 66 and the spray nozzle 56. Thus, during the trenching operation of the shovel, the amount of humic liquid sprayed can be adjusted according to the situation. The shovel surface is equipped with fish-scale-shaped protrusions 96 to reduce soil adhesion to the shovel surface and promote straw return to the field. The sixth controller 70 controls the sixth motor 69 to rotate, which drives the first climbing gear shaft 72 to rotate, thereby driving the first climbing gear 71 to rotate. The first climbing gear 71 meshes with the upper slot of the main mounting frame 67, thereby realizing the up-and-down movement of the variable angle mounting frame 68. The seventh controller 81 controls the seventh motor 82 to rotate, which drives the second gear climbing gear shaft 83 to rotate, thereby driving the second climbing gear 80 to rotate. The second climbing gear 80 meshes with the middle slot of the main mounting frame 67, thereby realizing the up-and-down movement of the perforated crossbar mounting frame 76. Through the variable angle mounting frame 68 and the perforated crossbar... The position of the rod mounting frame 76 changes, coordinating with the rotation of the connecting bearing 115 and the sliding of the circular sleeve 75 and the rectangular sleeve 116, to achieve the change of the ridge shape of the ridge plate 74. The eighth controller 87 controls the rotation of the eighth motor 86, and the leveling shovel mounting frame 90 engages with the lower groove of the main mounting frame 67 through the third climbing gear 88, thereby realizing the up and down movement of the leveling plate mounting frame 90. The leveling shovel 89 is installed at the lower end of the leveling shovel mounting frame 90. During the machine's forward movement, it uses the triangular inner groove to return soil. The rear leveling plate achieves the effect of leveling the land or the upper part of the ridge at different heights. At the same time, the leveling shovel 89 and the ridge plate 74 cooperate with each other. The leveling shovel 89 shapes the upper part of the ridge, and the ridge plate 74 shapes the sides of the ridge, ultimately achieving ridge formation.

[0024] It should be noted that, in this document, terms such as “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0025] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A crop straw crushing, deep burial, and ridging device, characterized in that: The frame (4) includes a three-point suspension frame (1), a fixed base (3), and a support rod (2) at the front end of the upper part of the frame (4). The lower part of the frame is provided with a straw crushing and collecting mechanism, a conveying and spreading mechanism, a soil lifting mechanism, and a soil backfilling and ridging mechanism in sequence from front to back. The conveying and spreading mechanism is fixed in the middle and rear part below the frame (4). The camshaft (25), the conveyor belt drive shaft (23), the conveyor belt driven shaft (22), the throwing wheel drive shaft (33), the power conversion shaft (35), and the variable diameter wheel shaft (38) are all rotatably mounted on the mounting plate (8). The conveyor belt drive shaft (23) is fixedly equipped with a fifth pulley (100), a sixth pulley (101), and a first sleeve (113). The conveyor belt driven shaft (22) is fixedly equipped with a second sleeve (113). 11) The camshaft (25) is fixedly equipped with the seventh pulley (102) and three cams (112). The power conversion shaft (35) is fixedly equipped with the tenth pulley (105) and the third transmission gear (36). The variable diameter wheel shaft (38) is fixedly equipped with the eighth pulley (103). The throwing wheel transmission shaft (33) is fixedly equipped with the fourth transmission gear (34), the throwing wheel (39), and the ninth pulley (104). The third battery (27), the third controller (26), the second motor (28), and the third motor (29) are fixed to the bottom of the mounting plate (8). The third battery (27) is connected to the third controller (26), the second motor (28), and the third motor (29) respectively through wires. The third controller (26) can synchronously control the second motor through wires. (28) The third motor (29) rotates, the second pulley (85) is fixed on the power output shaft of the second motor (28), the second pulley (85) is connected to the fifth pulley (100) through the second transmission belt (31), the sixth pulley (101) is connected to the seventh pulley (102) through the third transmission belt (30), the conveyor belt (24) is fitted on the first sleeve (113) and the second sleeve (111); the third pulley (94) is fixed on the power output shaft of the third motor (29), the third pulley (94) is connected to the ninth pulley (104) on the drive shaft (33) of the throwing wheel through the fourth transmission belt (32), the third transmission gear (36) meshes with the fourth transmission gear (34), and the tenth pulley (105) is connected to the fifth pulley (100) through the second transmission belt (31). The fifth transmission belt (20) is connected to the eighth pulley (103); the first battery (5), the first controller (6), and the first camera (7) are fixed at the lower part of the frame (4). The first battery (5) is connected to the first controller (6) and the first camera (7) respectively through wires. The first controller (6) is connected to the first camera (7) through wires. The throwing wheel (39) is located at the discharge port of the conveyor belt (24). The first camera (7) is facing the throwing port formed by the throwing wheel (39) and the variable diameter wheel. The variable diameter mounting disc (53) is provided with five first slide rails (110) at equal angles around the circumference. The variable diameter gear (42) is provided with five arc-shaped second slide grooves (106) at equal angles around the circumference. The variable diameter support plate (51) is provided with a first slide groove (109) in the middle.The fourth battery (45), the fourth controller (44), and the motor mounting bracket (52) are all fixed on the variable diameter mounting disc (53). The fourth motor (46) is fixed on the motor mounting bracket (52). The fourth battery (45) is connected to the fourth controller (44) and the fourth motor (46) respectively through wires. The fourth controller (44) controls the fourth motor (46) through wires. The fifth transmission gear (43) is fixed on the power output shaft of the fourth motor (46). The fifth transmission gear (43) meshes with the variable diameter gear (42). The variable diameter mounting disc (53) is fixed on the variable diameter wheel axle (38). The variable diameter gear (42) is rotatably mounted on the variable diameter wheel axle (38). One end of the strut (49) is fixedly connected to the variable diameter support plate (51), and the other end is slidably installed in the first slide rail (110). A second cylindrical protrusion (99) is provided at the other end, and the second cylindrical protrusion (99) is slidably installed in the second slide groove (106). Each variable diameter slide plate (47) has a supporting cylinder (48) fixedly connected to both ends of its inner side. One end of each supporting cylinder (48) is fixedly connected to the variable diameter slide plate (47), and the other end is equipped with a limiting block (50). The two supporting cylinders (48) are slidably installed in the first slide groove (109) of two adjacent variable diameter support plates (51), thereby ensuring that the variable diameter slide plate (47) and the variable diameter support plate (51) are always in contact.

2. The crop straw crushing, deep burial, and ridging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The straw crushing and collecting mechanism is fixed at the front end below the frame (4). The mounting plate (8) is fixed to the frame (4) via the collecting shovel mounting bracket (41). The second controller (15), the second battery (14), and the first motor (16) are fixed on the mounting plate (8). The second battery (14) is connected to the second controller (15) and the first motor (16) via wires. The second controller (15) controls the rotation of the first motor (16) via wires. The first pulley (93) is fixed on the power output shaft of the first motor (16). The fourth pulley... Wheel (97) is connected to first pulley (93) via first transmission belt (17). First shaft (11) is rotatably mounted on mounting plate (8). Fourth pulley (97), first transmission gear (18) and first disc (37) are all fixed on first shaft (11). First shaft (11) and second shaft (114) are symmetrically arranged. Seventh transmission gear (108) and first disc (37) are both fixed on second shaft (114). First cylindrical protrusion (93) is provided at the eccentric position of the upper edge of first disc (37). 8) The first disc (37) is hinged to the material-holding moving blade straw-chopping shovel (9) via the first cylindrical protrusion (98). One end of the connecting arm (13) is rotatably mounted on the mounting plate (8), and the other end is hinged to the material-holding moving blade straw-chopping shovel (9) via a fixing stud (12). The connecting arm (13) and the material-holding moving blade straw-chopping shovel (9) are arranged symmetrically on the left and right. The gear mounting frame (21) is fixedly mounted on the mounting plate (8). The second transmission gear (19) and the sixth transmission gear (107) are rotatably mounted on the gear mounting frame (21). The first transmission gear (18), the second transmission gear (19), the sixth transmission gear (107), and the seventh transmission gear (108) mesh in sequence. The end of the material-holding moving blade straw shovel (9) is provided with four blades, each blade having a serrated cutting edge. The four blades are arranged vertically and equidistantly. Two straw-chopping fixed blades (10) are symmetrically fixed on the front of the mounting plate (8). The straw-chopping fixed blades (10) have five blades, each blade having a serrated cutting edge. The five blades are arranged vertically and equidistantly, which can form a support and cutting with the moving blade on the material-holding moving blade straw shovel (9).

3. The crop straw crushing, deep burial, and ridging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil-lifting mechanism is located in the lower middle part of the frame (4). The soil-lifting shovel (54) is fixed to the bottom of the mounting plate (8) by the mounting block (117) on the upper part of the soil-lifting shovel (54) through the soil-lifting shovel mounting bracket (40). The shovel surface of the soil-lifting shovel (54) has a certain curvature. Fish scale-shaped protrusions (96) are installed on the outer surface of the soil-lifting shovel. Each fish scale-shaped protrusion (96) in the first row is equidistant from the horizontal direction. The fish scale-shaped protrusions (96) in the second and third rows are set at 30° with the horizontal direction. The remaining fish scale-shaped protrusions in each row are set at 30° with the horizontal direction. Block (96) is set at a 45° angle to the horizontal line; the second camera (55) and the spray nozzle (56) are fixed symmetrically on both sides of the outer surface of the shovel (54) in a group of three; the fifth battery (57) and the fifth controller (58) are fixed symmetrically on the inner surface of the shovel (54) in a group of three; the fifth motor (61) is fixed symmetrically on the inner platform of the shovel (54) in a group of three; the fifth battery (57) is connected to the fifth controller (58), the second camera (55) and the fifth motor (61) by wires; the second camera (55) is connected to the fifth controller (58) by wires; the fifth controller (58) controls the rotation of the fifth motor (61) by wires; a spray plate (62) is fixed on the power output shaft of the fifth motor (61); the storage tank (65) is fixed in the center of the inner platform of the shovel (54); the main liquid pipe (64) is installed in front of the storage tank (65); the other end of the main liquid pipe (64) is installed in the distribution box. The inlet of the flow guide pipe (63) has six outlets and one inlet. The outlet of the flow guide pipe (63) is installed at the inlet in the middle of the front housing (59) of the liquid pump. The front housing (59) of the liquid pump is installed on the rear housing (60) of the liquid pump. There is an outlet at the bottom of the front housing (59) of the liquid pump connected to the delivery pipe (66). The other end of the delivery pipe (66) is connected to the spray nozzle (56). The rear housing (60) of the liquid pump is installed on the outer shell of the fifth motor (61).

4. The crop straw crushing, deep burial, and ridging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The backfilling and ridge-building mechanism is located at the rear end below the frame (4). The main mounting frame (67) is fixed on the frame (4). The main mounting frame (67) is provided with a slot and a sliding groove. The variable angle mounting frame (68) is inserted into the upper part of the main mounting frame (67). The first climbing gear (71) meshes with the upper slot of the main mounting frame (67). The sixth battery (95), the sixth controller (70), and the sixth motor (69) are all fixed on the variable angle mounting frame (68). The sixth battery (95) is connected to the sixth controller (70) and the sixth motor (69) respectively through wires. The sixth controller (70) controls the rotation of the sixth motor (69) through wires. The first climbing gear shaft (72) is fixed to the sixth motor (69). On the power output shaft of the ), the first climbing gear (71) is fixedly mounted on the first climbing gear shaft (72), one end of the side rod (73) is rotatably mounted on the variable angle mounting bracket (68), and the lower center of the side rod (73) is fixedly mounted with a second anti-detachment mounting block (92); the perforated crossbar mounting bracket (76) is inserted into the middle of the main mounting bracket (67), the second climbing gear (80) meshes with the slot in the middle of the main mounting bracket (67), the seventh battery (79), the seventh controller (81), and the seventh motor (82) are all fixed on the perforated crossbar mounting bracket (76), the perforated crossbar (78) is fixed on the perforated crossbar mounting bracket (76) through the crossbar fixing block (77), and the seventh battery (79) is connected to the power output shaft of the ) via wires. Do not connect the seventh controller (81) and the seventh motor (82). The seventh controller (81) controls the rotation of the seventh motor (82) through wires. The second climbing gear shaft (83) is fixed on the power output shaft of the seventh motor (82). The second climbing gear (80) is fixed on the second climbing gear shaft (83). The first anti-detachment mounting block (91) is fixed at both ends of the perforated crossbar (78). A ridge plate (74) is fixed on the round sleeve block (75). The round sleeve block (75) is inserted into the side rod (73). The rectangular sleeve block (116) is inserted into the perforated crossbar (78). The round sleeve block (75) and the rectangular sleeve block (116) are connected by a connecting bearing (115). The leveling shovel is installed. The mounting bracket (90) is inserted into the lower part of the main mounting bracket (67). The third climbing gear (88) meshes with the slot at the lower part of the main mounting bracket (67). The eighth battery (84), the eighth controller (87), and the eighth motor (86) are all fixed on the leveling shovel mounting bracket (90). The eighth battery (84) is connected to the eighth controller (87) and the eighth motor (86) respectively through wires. The eighth controller (87) controls the rotation of the eighth motor (86) through wires. The third climbing gear (88) is fixed on the power output shaft of the eighth motor (86). The leveling shovel (89) is fixed at the lower end of the leveling shovel mounting bracket (90). The front part of the leveling shovel (89) is a soil block with a triangular notch, and the rear part is a flat plate.

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