A device and method for forming low-plasticity martensitic stainless steel multi-pass parts

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of metal forming and manufacturing technology, and specifically to a device and method for forming multi-pass parts of low-plasticity martensitic stainless steel, wherein the forming device includes a press, a blank drawing assembly, a circumferential forming assembly, a laser cutting assembly, and a flanging assembly. First, the blank is drawn by the blank drawing assembly to obtain the target tube blank depth, and then the circumferential forming assembly is used to form circumferentially distributed raised features, and the thickness compressive stress is used to suppress thinning, and then the laser cutting assembly is used to cut the raised features, and finally the flanging assembly is used to form the flanging to obtain the multi-pass part. The present invention uses an elastomeric punch to expand the tube blank, which not only can obtain a multi-pass part with ideal characteristics, but also ensures the forming quality of the multi-pass part. In addition, compared with the traditional rigid punch, the manufacturing cost and precision of the elastomeric punch of the present invention can be appropriately reduced, which significantly improves the economic benefits and production efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of metal forming and manufacturing technology, and specifically to an apparatus and method for forming multi-channel parts of low-plasticity martensitic stainless steel. Background Technology

[0002] Sheet metal forming plays a crucial role in the aerospace and automotive manufacturing industries. With the development of modern industry, the requirements for the quality and appearance of sheet metal forming are becoming increasingly stringent, and the complexity of parts being formed has also greatly increased. For some complex-shaped parts, traditional stamping dies often result in uneven thinning, cracks, and springback during the forming process, severely affecting the quality of the formed parts and failing to meet the needs of parts production. This necessitates the use of more advanced forming equipment in industrial production.

[0003] Existing methods for forming complex thin-walled cylindrical parts mainly include: 1. Steel die stamping: This method utilizes the plasticity of the material and uses the external force of the die to form the workpiece to obtain the required shape and size. The disadvantages of this method are: for forming multi-channel parts of low-plasticity martensitic stainless steel, this processing method is prone to problems such as burrs, cracks, and wrinkles, and may also have severe springback issues, making it difficult to control the precision of the parts. 2. Superplastic forming: This method utilizes the superplasticity of certain materials. Under specific conditions, namely low strain rate, a certain deformation temperature, and stable and fine grain size, some metals or alloys exhibit a characteristic of low strength and high elongation. The disadvantages of this method are: high requirements for material microstructure, uneven wall thickness, and poor performance of the formed components, and it is difficult to form low-plasticity martensitic stainless steel. 3. Liquid-filled deep drawing: This method refers to using the pressure of liquid instead of a rigid punch to process the sheet metal. It is often used to form complex parts, but the forming efficiency is not high and it is generally suitable for small-batch production.

[0004] In summary, for the forming of thin-walled multi-channel parts made of low-plasticity martensitic stainless steel, there is an urgent need for a new forming technology to solve the problems of precision and efficiency in this type of forming. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides an apparatus and method for forming multi-channel parts of low-plasticity martensitic stainless steel, which improves the production efficiency of multi-channel parts and can obtain multi-channel parts with ideal forming characteristics.

[0006] The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0007] An apparatus for forming multi-channel parts of low-plasticity martensitic stainless steel, the apparatus comprising a press, a billet drawing assembly, a circumferential forming assembly, a laser cutting assembly, and a flanging assembly;

[0008] Presses are used to provide the pressure required to induce plastic deformation in blank drawing assemblies, circumferential forming assemblies, and flanging assemblies.

[0009] The billet drawing assembly is used to draw billets to obtain the target cylinder depth;

[0010] The circumferential forming assembly is used to form circumferentially distributed protrusions on the cylindrical blank, thereby obtaining the lateral prefabrication of the cylindrical blank;

[0011] The laser cutting assembly is used to cut off excess portions of the cylindrical blank, obtaining raised feature cuts;

[0012] The flanging assembly is used to flange the cylindrical blank to obtain a multi-pass part with a flanged interface.

[0013] The blank drawing assembly includes a cylindrical punch, a rigid die, and an elastic punch. The cylindrical punch is connected to the slide block of the press. The rigid die is placed on a plane under the press, with an inwardly recessed groove on its upper surface. The blank is placed horizontally on the upper surface of the rigid die. The elastic punch is installed at the lower part of the cylindrical punch and aligned with the rigid die. The elastic punch and the rigid die cooperate to form a cylindrical blank in the gap between them.

[0014] The circumferential forming assembly includes a cylindrical punch, an elastomer mold, and a horizontal multi-directional loading top cylinder; the cylindrical punch is connected to the slide block of the press; the elastomer mold includes an elastomer punch, an upper mold, and a lower mold; the lower mold is placed on a plane under the press, and a horizontal multi-directional loading top cylinder is installed between the upper mold and the lower mold; the elastomer punch is installed at the lower part of the cylindrical punch and aligned with the upper mold and the lower mold; the position of the horizontal multi-directional loading top cylinder corresponds to the circumferential distribution of protrusions on the multi-pass component.

[0015] The material of the elastomer punch is polyurethane.

[0016] The laser cutting assembly includes multiple laser cutting heads, which are electrically connected to the laser processor to remove excess portions of the cylindrical blank.

[0017] The flanging assembly includes a tapered punch, an outer mold, an inner mold, a flanging punch, and a limiting assembly;

[0018] The tapered punch is connected below the slide of the press;

[0019] The outer mold is placed on a flat surface under the press, with a hollow interior and a central opening on the top surface to avoid the stroke of the tapered punch;

[0020] The inner mold includes detachable blocks A and B. There is a gap between blocks A and B that matches the shape of the cylindrical blank. Blocks B and A press and fix the cylindrical blank. The upper surfaces of blocks A and B are flush with and lower than the edge of the cylindrical blank. A clearance hole for a tapered punch is reserved in the center of block B.

[0021] The flanging punch is located below the conical punch and consists of two parts: the inner end has a bevel and abuts against the conical punch, and the outer end presses against the inner side of the two edges of the cylindrical blank.

[0022] The limiting component includes a limiting block and a limiting groove; the limiting block includes two L-shaped protrusions, which are set below the center opening on the top surface of the outer mold, and the end of the limiting block near the opening has a slope that matches the inclination of the tapered punch; the limiting groove is opened on the outer side of the top surface of the flanging punch, and cooperates with the L-shaped protrusions to limit the maximum outward sliding stroke.

[0023] The inner mold is fixed to the bottom of the outer mold, and the flanging punch slides horizontally between the inner mold and the limiting component.

[0024] Both the press and the horizontal multi-directional loading cylinder are electrically connected to the mechanical control cabinet.

[0025] A method for forming multi-channel parts of low-plasticity martensitic stainless steel involves first using a billet deep-drawing assembly to deep-draw the billet to obtain the target cylindrical billet depth; then using a circumferential forming assembly to form circumferentially distributed protrusions, utilizing compressive stress in the thickness direction to suppress thinning; next, using a laser cutting assembly to cut the protrusions; and finally, using a flanging assembly to flanging and form the multi-channel part. The specific operation steps are as follows:

[0026] Step 1: Deep drawing of billet

[0027] Using the blank drawing assembly, the rigid die is placed on the plane under the press, the cylindrical punch is connected to the press slide, and the elastic punch is installed at the lower part of the cylindrical punch and aligned with the rigid die. The blank is placed horizontally on the upper surface of the rigid die. The press is started to drive the elastic punch downward to contact the blank, causing the blank to undergo plastic deformation and enter the gap between the elastic punch and the rigid die to form a cylindrical blank.

[0028] Step 2: Circumferential forming and lateral prefabrication

[0029] Remove the cylindrical blank obtained in step one, replace the blank drawing assembly with the circumferential forming assembly, place the lower die on the plane under the press, install a horizontal multi-directional loading top cylinder between the upper and lower dies, install the elastic body punch at the lower part of the cylindrical punch and align it with the upper and lower dies, place the cylindrical blank back into the groove formed between the upper and lower dies, adjust the position of the horizontal multi-directional loading top cylinder so that it corresponds to the circumferential distribution protrusions of the multi-pass part; start the press to drive the elastic body punch downward to contact the cylindrical blank and form the circumferential distribution protrusions, thus obtaining the completed lateral pre-formed cylindrical blank;

[0030] Step 3: Laser Cutting

[0031] Remove the cylindrical blank that has been prefabricated laterally in step two, and use the laser cutter of the laser cutting assembly to cut the protruding interface on the side wall of the cylindrical blank;

[0032] Step 4: Flanging the entire piece

[0033] First, replace the circumferential forming assembly with a flanging assembly. Press and fix the cylindrical blank, which has undergone laser cutting in step three, between blocks B and A of the inner mold. Then, fix the inner mold to the bottom of the outer mold. Connect the tapered punch below the slide of the press and abut the bottom end of the tapered punch against the inner end of the flanging punch. Press the outer end of the flanging punch against the inner side of the two edges of the cylindrical blank. Finally, start the press to drive the tapered punch downward and abut against the inner end of the flanging punch, causing it to slide horizontally outward. During this process, the clearance hole in the center of block B provides space for the tapered punch to move downward. The limiting groove and the L-shaped protrusion cooperate to limit the maximum stroke of the flanging punch to slide outward. The flanging punch pushes the two edges of the cylindrical blank outward to flatten them, thus achieving flanging and obtaining a multi-part product.

[0034] The downward speed V of the cylindrical or conical punch is 100-200 mm / s.

[0035] The downward pressure height ΔH is calculated using Formula 1.

[0036] V=ΔH*S(πR 2 )

[0037] (Formula 1)

[0038] Wherein, ΔH (cm) is the pressing height, including the pressing height of the elastic punch, cylindrical punch, or conical punch; S (cm) 2 R(cm) is the cross-sectional area, which is consistent with the cross-sectional area of ​​the cylindrical punch or conical punch, and R(cm) is the radius of the cross-sectional circle.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0040] (1) Regarding the forming quality of complex parts, the traditional method uses a rigid punch, which easily leads to various problems caused by uneven part thickness. However, the present invention uses an elastomer punch to form the bulging cylindrical blank, completing the forming of circumferentially distributed protrusions. The part thickness is more uniform, and the thinning rate at each interface is maintained at 21%-24%, reducing the possibility of burrs, cracks and other distortions in the specimen. It can not only obtain multi-pass parts with ideal features, but also ensure the forming quality of multi-pass parts.

[0041] (2) In terms of production efficiency, complex rigid punches have high manufacturing costs and high precision requirements, while the production of polyurethane and other elastomer punches is more convenient.

[0042] (3) For low-plasticity martensitic stainless steel, due to its poor plasticity at room temperature, it is easy to crack when using steel mold stamping, making it difficult to guarantee the completion of circumferentially distributed protrusions and uniform wall thickness forming accuracy. The present invention uses an elastomer punch to achieve better forming quality. Attached Figure Description

[0043] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure and operation of the blank deep drawing assembly of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure and initial state of the circumferential forming component of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure and forming state of the circumferential forming component of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure and operation of the laser cutting component of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure and operation of the flange assembly of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 6 This is a process flow diagram of the multi-part forming method of the present invention;

[0049] In the diagram, 1. billet; 2. slider; 3. cylindrical punch; 4. rigid die; 5. elastic punch; 6. upper die; 7. lower die; 8. horizontal multi-directional loading cylinder; 9. laser cutter; 10. tapered punch; 11. outer die; 12. inner die; 13. flanging punch; 14. block A; 15. block B; 16. limiting block; 17. limiting groove; 18. clearance hole. Detailed Implementation

[0050] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0051] Using high-temperature resistant stainless steel 0Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb sheet as blank 1, the present invention provides an apparatus for forming low-plasticity martensitic stainless steel multi-channel parts, including a press, a blank deep drawing assembly, a circumferential forming assembly, a laser cutting assembly, and a flanging assembly.

[0052] The press is used to provide the pressure required to induce plastic deformation in the blank drawing assembly, circumferential forming assembly, and flanging assembly. The press is electrically connected to the mechanical control cabinet.

[0053] The billet deep drawing assembly is used to draw the billet to obtain the target cylindrical blank depth. The billet deep drawing assembly includes a cylindrical punch 3, a rigid die 4, and an elastic punch 5. The cylindrical punch 3 is connected to the slide block 2 of the press. The rigid die 4 is placed on the plane under the press, and the upper surface has an inwardly recessed groove. The billet 1 is placed horizontally on the upper surface of the rigid die 4. The elastic punch 5 is installed at the lower part of the cylindrical punch 3 and is aligned with the rigid die 4. The elastic punch 5 and the rigid die 4 cooperate to form a cylindrical blank in the gap between them.

[0054] The circumferential forming assembly is used to form circumferentially distributed protrusions on the cylindrical blank, thereby obtaining lateral preforming of the cylindrical blank. The circumferential forming assembly includes a cylindrical punch 3, an elastomer mold, and a horizontal multi-directional loading top cylinder 8. The cylindrical punch 3 is connected to the slide block 2 of the press. The elastomer mold includes an elastomer punch 5, an upper mold 6, and a lower mold 7. The lower mold 7 is placed on a plane under the press. The horizontal multi-directional loading top cylinder 8 is installed between the upper mold 6 and the lower mold 7. The elastomer punch 5 is installed at the lower part of the cylindrical punch 3 and aligned with the upper mold 6 and the lower mold 7. The horizontal multi-directional loading top cylinder 8 is positioned to correspond to the circumferentially distributed protrusions of the multi-pass component. The horizontal multi-directional loading top cylinder 8 is electrically connected to the mechanical control cabinet.

[0055] The material of the elastomer punch 5 is polyurethane.

[0056] The laser cutting assembly is used to cut off the excess portion of the cylindrical blank to obtain a raised feature cut; the laser cutting assembly includes multiple laser cutting heads 9, which are electrically connected to a laser processor to remove the excess portion of the cylindrical blank.

[0057] The flanging assembly is used to flanging a cylindrical blank to obtain a multi-pass part with a flanged interface. The flanging assembly includes a tapered punch 10, an outer mold 11, an inner mold 12, a flanging punch 13, and a limiting assembly. The tapered punch 10 is connected below the slide block 2 of the press. The outer mold 11 is placed on a plane under the press, has an internal cavity, and a central opening on its top surface to allow for the travel of the tapered punch 10. The inner mold 12 includes detachable blocks A14 and B15, with a gap between blocks A14 and B15 matching the shape of the cylindrical blank. Blocks B15 and A14 press and fix the cylindrical blank, with their upper surfaces flush with and lower than the edge of the cylindrical blank. A clearance hole 18 for the tapered punch 10 is pre-drilled in the center of block B15. Located below the conical punch 10, 13 comprises two parts: an inner end with a bevel that abuts against the conical punch 10, and an outer end pressing against the inner sides of the two edges of the cylindrical blank; the limiting assembly includes a limiting block 16 and a limiting groove 17; the limiting block 16 includes two L-shaped protrusions, positioned below the central opening on the top surface of the outer mold 11, and the end of the limiting block 16 near the opening has a bevel consistent with the inclination of the conical punch 10; the limiting groove 17 is opened on the outer side of the top surface of the flanging punch 13, cooperating with the L-shaped protrusions to limit the maximum outward sliding stroke; the inner mold 12 is fixed to the bottom of the outer mold 11, and the flanging punch 13 slides horizontally between the inner mold 12 and the limiting assembly.

[0058] The method for forming multi-channel parts of low-plasticity martensitic stainless steel according to the present invention is as follows: First, the billet is drawn deep using a billet deep-drawing assembly to obtain the target cylindrical billet depth. Then, a circumferential forming assembly is used to form circumferentially distributed protrusions, and thickness compressive stress is used to suppress thinning. Next, a laser cutting assembly is used to cut the protrusions. Finally, a flanging assembly is used to flanging and forming the multi-channel part. The specific operation steps are as follows:

[0059] Step 1: Deep drawing of billet

[0060] Using the blank drawing assembly, the rigid die 4 is placed on the plane under the press. The cylindrical punch 3 is connected to the slide block 2 of the press. The elastic punch 5 is installed at the lower part of the cylindrical punch 3 and aligned with the rigid die 4. The blank 1 is placed horizontally on the upper surface of the rigid die 4. The press is started to drive the elastic punch 5 downward to contact the blank, causing the blank to undergo plastic deformation and enter the gap between the elastic punch 5 and the rigid die 4 to form a cylindrical blank. The downward pressing speed of the cylindrical punch 3, i.e. the elastic punch 5, is 100 mm / s, and the pressing height is 20 cm.

[0061] Step 2: Circumferential forming and lateral prefabrication

[0062] Remove the cylindrical blank obtained in step one, replace the blank drawing assembly with the circumferential forming assembly, place the lower die 7 on the plane under the press, install the horizontal multi-directional loading top cylinder 8 between the upper die 6 and the lower die 7, install the elastic body punch 5 at the lower part of the cylindrical punch 3 and align it with the upper die 6 and the lower die 7, place the cylindrical blank back into the groove formed between the upper die 6 and the lower die 7, adjust the position of the horizontal multi-directional loading top cylinder 8 so that it corresponds to the circumferential distribution protrusion feature of the multi-pass part; start the press to drive the elastic body punch 5 to descend and contact the cylindrical blank to form the circumferential distribution protrusion feature, and obtain the cylindrical blank with completed lateral preforming; the pressing speed of the cylindrical punch 3, i.e. the elastic body punch 5, is 200mm / s, and the pressing height is 20cm.

[0063] Step 3: Laser Cutting

[0064] Remove the cylindrical blank that has been prefabricated laterally in step two, and use the laser cutter head 9 of the laser cutting assembly to cut the protruding interface on the side wall of the cylindrical blank;

[0065] Step 4: Flanging the entire piece

[0066] First, replace the circumferential forming assembly with a flanging assembly. Press and fix the cylindrical blank, which underwent laser cutting in step three, between blocks B15 and A14 of the inner mold 12. Then, fix the inner mold 12 to the bottom of the outer mold 11. The tapered punch 10 is connected below the slide block 2 of the press, with its bottom end abutting against the inner end of the flanging punch 13. The outer end of the flanging punch 13 presses against the inner sides of the two edges of the cylindrical blank. Finally, start the press to drive the tapered punch 10 downwards, abutting against the inner end of the flanging punch 13 and causing it to slide horizontally outwards. The downward pressing speed of the tapered punch 10 is 150 mm / s, and the pressing height is 20 cm. During this process, the clearance hole 18 in the center of block B15 provides space for the downward movement of the tapered punch 10. The limiting groove 17 cooperates with the L-shaped protrusion to limit the maximum stroke of the flanging punch 13 sliding outwards. The flanging punch 13 pushes the two edges of the cylindrical blank outwards, achieving flanging and obtaining a multi-part product.

Claims

1. An apparatus for forming multi-port parts of low-plasticity martensitic stainless steel, characterized in that: The device includes a press, a billet drawing assembly, a circumferential forming assembly, a laser cutting assembly, and a flanging assembly; Presses are used to provide the pressure required to induce plastic deformation in blank drawing assemblies, circumferential forming assemblies, and flanging assemblies. The billet drawing assembly is used to draw the billet (1) to obtain the target cylindrical billet depth; The circumferential forming assembly is used to form circumferentially distributed protrusions on the cylindrical blank to obtain the lateral preforming of the cylindrical blank; the circumferential forming assembly includes a cylindrical punch (3), an elastomer mold and a horizontal multi-directional loading top cylinder (8); the cylindrical punch (3) is connected to the slider (2) of the press; the elastomer mold includes an elastomer punch (5), an upper mold (6) and a lower mold (7); the lower mold (7) is placed on the plane under the press, and the horizontal multi-directional loading top cylinder (8) is installed between the upper mold (6) and the lower mold (7); the elastomer punch (5) is installed at the lower part of the cylindrical punch (3) and aligned with the upper mold (6) and the lower mold (7); the horizontal multi-directional loading top cylinder (8) is positioned to correspond to the circumferentially distributed protrusions of the multi-pass component; The laser cutting assembly is used to cut off excess portions of the cylindrical blank, obtaining raised feature cuts; The flanging assembly is used to flange the cylindrical blank to obtain a multi-pass part with a flanged interface.

2. The apparatus for forming low-plasticity martensitic stainless steel multi-port parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blank drawing assembly includes a cylindrical punch (3), a rigid die (4), and an elastic punch (5); the cylindrical punch (3) is connected to the slide block (2) of the press; the rigid die (4) is placed on the plane under the press, and the upper surface has an inwardly recessed groove, and the blank (1) is placed horizontally on the upper surface of the rigid die (4); the elastic punch (5) is installed at the lower part of the cylindrical punch (3) and aligned with the rigid die (4), and the elastic punch (5) and the rigid die (4) cooperate to form a cylindrical blank in the gap between them.

3. The apparatus for forming low-plasticity martensitic stainless steel multi-port parts according to claim 2, characterized in that: The material of the elastomer punch (5) is polyurethane.

4. The apparatus for forming low-plasticity martensitic stainless steel multi-port parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser cutting assembly includes multiple laser cutting heads (9), which are electrically connected to the laser processor to remove excess portions of the cylindrical blank.

5. The apparatus for forming low-plasticity martensitic stainless steel multi-port parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flanging assembly includes a tapered punch (10), an outer mold (11), an inner mold (12), a flanging punch (13), and a limiting assembly; The conical punch (10) is connected below the slide block (2) of the press; The outer mold (11) is placed on the plane under the press, with a cavity inside and a hole in the center of the top surface to avoid the stroke of the conical punch (10); The inner mold (12) includes detachable blocks A (14) and B (15). There is a gap between blocks A (14) and B (15) that matches the shape of the cylindrical blank. Blocks B (15) and A (14) press and fix the cylindrical blank. The upper surfaces of blocks A (14) and B (15) are flush with each other and lower than the edge of the cylindrical blank. A clearance hole (18) for a tapered punch (10) is reserved in the center of block B (15). The flanging punch (13) is located below the conical punch (10) and consists of two parts. The inner end has a bevel and abuts against the conical punch (10), while the outer end presses against the inner side of the two edges of the cylindrical blank. The limiting component includes a limiting block (16) and a limiting groove (17); the limiting block (16) includes two L-shaped protrusions, which are set below the center opening on the top surface of the outer mold (11), and the end of the limiting block (16) near the opening has a slope that matches the inclination of the tapered punch (10); the limiting groove (17) is opened on the outer side of the top surface of the flanged punch (13), and cooperates with the L-shaped protrusions to limit the maximum outward sliding stroke; The inner mold (12) is fixed to the bottom of the outer mold (11), and the flanging punch (13) slides horizontally between the inner mold (12) and the limiting component.

6. The apparatus for forming low-plasticity martensitic stainless steel multi-port parts according to claim 5, characterized in that: Both the press and the horizontal multi-directional loading cylinder (8) are electrically connected to the mechanical control cabinet.

7. A method for forming multi-port parts of low-plasticity martensitic stainless steel, characterized in that, Based on the apparatus for forming low-plasticity martensitic stainless steel multi-channel parts as described in claim 5 or 6, the apparatus first uses a billet deep drawing assembly to deep draw the billet (1) to obtain the target cylindrical billet depth. Then, a circumferential forming assembly is used to form circumferentially distributed protrusions, and thickness compressive stress is used to suppress thinning. Next, a laser cutting assembly is used to cut the protrusions. Finally, a flanging assembly is used to flanging and forming the multi-channel part. The specific operation steps are as follows: Step 1: Deep drawing of billet Using the blank drawing assembly, the rigid body die (4) is placed on the plane under the press. The cylindrical punch (3) is connected to the slide (2) of the press. The elastic body punch (5) is installed at the lower part of the cylindrical punch (3) and aligned with the rigid body die (4). The blank (1) is placed horizontally on the upper surface of the rigid body die (4). The press is started to drive the elastic body punch (5) to move down and contact the blank (1), causing the blank (1) to undergo plastic deformation and enter the gap between the elastic body punch (5) and the rigid body die (4) to form a cylindrical blank. Step 2: Circumferential forming and lateral prefabrication Remove the cylindrical blank obtained in step one, replace the blank drawing assembly with the circumferential forming assembly, place the lower die (7) on the plane under the press, install the horizontal multi-directional loading top cylinder (8) between the upper die (6) and the lower die (7), install the elastomer punch (5) at the lower part of the column punch (3) and align it with the upper die (6) and the lower die (7), place the cylindrical blank back into the groove formed between the upper die (6) and the lower die (7), adjust the position of the horizontal multi-directional loading top cylinder (8) so that it corresponds to the circumferential distribution protrusion feature of the multi-pass part; start the press to drive the elastomer punch (5) to move down and contact the cylindrical blank to form the circumferential distribution protrusion feature, and obtain the cylindrical blank with completed lateral prefabrication; Step 3: Laser Cutting Remove the cylindrical blank that has been prefabricated laterally in step two, and use the laser cutter (9) of the laser cutting assembly to cut the protruding interface on the side wall of the cylindrical blank; Step 4: Flanging the entire piece First, replace the circumferential forming component with the flanging component, and press and fix the cylindrical blank with laser cutting completed in step three between the shape block B (15) and shape block A (14) of the inner mold (12); then fix the inner mold (12) at the bottom of the outer mold (11); the conical punch (10) is connected below the slider (2) of the press and its bottom end abuts against the inner end of the flanging punch (13), and the outer end of the flanging punch (13) presses against the inner side of the two edges of the cylindrical blank; Finally, the press is started to drive the conical punch (10) downward to abut against the inner end of the flanging punch (13) so that it slides horizontally outward. During this process, the clearance hole (18) in the center of the block B (15) provides space for the conical punch (10) to move downward. The limiting groove (17) and the L-shaped protrusion cooperate to limit the maximum stroke of the flanging punch (13) to slide outward. The flanging punch (13) pushes the two edges of the blank outward to flatten them, realizes the flanging, and obtains the multi-part product.

8. The method for forming low-plasticity martensitic stainless steel multi-port parts according to claim 7, characterized in that: The speed V at which the cylindrical punch (3) or conical punch (10) is pressed down uniformly is 100-200 mm / s.

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