Ventilation device, gearbox and vehicle

Abstract

The application discloses a ventilation device, a gearbox and a car, wherein the ventilation device comprises a ventilation plug, a first sealing valve and a second sealing valve, the ventilation plug comprises a plug body, and the inner cavity of the plug body is provided with a first air channel, a second air channel and a third air channel. The first sealing valve is installed in the inner cavity, and the first air channel and the second air channel are connected through the first sealing valve. The second sealing valve is installed in the inner cavity, and the first air channel and the third air channel are connected through the second sealing valve. The first air channel, the second air channel and the third air channel are communicated through the first sealing valve and the second sealing valve when the pressure difference exceeds the value of the positive pressure difference and the negative pressure difference, thereby avoiding the decrease of the sealing performance of the box body connected with the first air channel of the ventilation plug, and the use performance of the ventilation device is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of ventilation tools, in particular to a ventilation device, a gearbox and a vehicle. BACKGROUND

[0002] When the automobile gearbox is working, the temperature in the gearbox is high, and the gas expands due to heat; the high temperature also causes the gearbox oil to produce steam, which fills the space of the gearbox, resulting in further increase of the pressure in the gearbox; at this moment, when the gearbox is working and encounters a water crossing condition, the temperature of the shell will rapidly decrease, and the internal pressure of the gearbox will be lower than the external pressure at the moment; when the internal pressure of the gearbox and the external pressure are greatly different, the pressure will impact the sealing element of the gearbox, and such repeated impact will cause the sealing element to be prematurely worn and fail, resulting in oil leakage and other fault phenomena; when encountering a road condition with a high water level, water will enter the gearbox from the breather plug, which will cause the gearbox oil to be emulsified, and further cause the gearbox to fail.

[0003] The conventional breather plug cannot effectively prevent external water, dust and other impurities from entering the interior of the gearbox, such as the conventional labyrinth breather plug; the normally closed breather plug in the breather device is one-way opening, and when the internal pressure of the gearbox increases, the breather plug opens, and the internal and external air pressures are communicated. However, when the temperature of the gearbox decreases, the internal pressure of the gearbox decreases, and the external gas cannot be supplemented into the gearbox, which will also cause the oil seal to be worn and reduce the reliability of the gearbox. Of course, the above problems also exist in other boxes with sealing requirements. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a breather device, a gearbox and a vehicle, and the use performance of the breather device is improved.

[0005] The breather device provided in the present application comprises:

[0006] The breather plug comprises a plug body, and a first air channel, a second air channel and a third air channel are arranged in the inner cavity of the plug body;

[0007] A first sealing valve is installed in the inner cavity, and the first air channel and the second air channel are connected through the first sealing valve;

[0008] A second sealing valve is installed in the inner cavity, and the first air channel and the third air channel are connected through the second sealing valve;

[0009] The second air passage and the third air passage have the same pressure, the chamber in which the first air passage is located bears a positive pressure difference ΔP and a negative pressure difference ΔP', when the pressure difference between the first air pressure in the first air passage and the second air pressure in the second air passage is between the positive pressure difference ΔP and the negative pressure difference ΔP', the first sealing valve and the second sealing valve are closed, the first air passage and the third air passage are not communicated, and the first air passage and the second air passage are not communicated; when the second air pressure in the second air passage is less than the first air pressure in the first air passage, and the difference between the first air pressure and the second air pressure is greater than the external pressure difference, which is greater than the positive pressure difference ΔP, the second sealing valve is opened, the first air passage and the third air passage are communicated, and the first sealing valve is closed; when the second air pressure in the second air passage is greater than the first air pressure in the first air passage, and the difference between the first air pressure and the second air pressure is greater than the external pressure difference, which is greater than the negative pressure difference ΔP', the first sealing valve is opened, the first air passage and the second air passage are communicated, and the second sealing valve is closed.

[0010] Optionally, in the ventilation device, the first sealing valve comprises a first valve core, the inner cavity of the air plug body is provided with a first ventilation hole and a second ventilation hole, the first valve core is located between the first ventilation hole and the second ventilation hole, the first air passage and the second air passage are communicated through the first ventilation hole and the second ventilation hole, when the first valve core is located between the first ventilation hole and the second ventilation hole, the first sealing valve is opened; when the pressure difference between the first air pressure in the first air passage and the second air pressure in the second air passage is between the positive pressure difference ΔP and the negative pressure difference ΔP', the first valve core closes the first ventilation hole; when the water pressure in the second air passage is greater than the first air pressure in the first air passage, and the pressure difference between the water pressure and the first air pressure is greater than the negative pressure difference ΔP', the first valve core closes the second ventilation hole.

[0011] Optionally, in the ventilation device, the first valve core is a first ball valve, the first ventilation hole and the second ventilation hole are circular holes; the first sealing valve further comprises a first spring, the first spring is located in the inner cavity of the air plug body, a first end of the first spring is connected with a baffle of the air plug body, a second end of the first spring is connected with the first ball valve, the second ventilation hole is sleeved outside the first spring, the baffle is provided with an overflow hole, the overflow hole is located above the first ball valve, the second ventilation hole is communicated with the first air passage through the overflow hole;

[0012] The rigidity K1 of the first spring (5) satisfies:

[0013] Wherein, r1 is the radius of the first ventilation hole (101), X1 is the compression amount of the first spring (5) when the first valve core (4) seals the first ventilation hole (101);

[0014] The distance X3 from the first ball valve moving to the second vent hole (102) satisfies:

[0015] Wherein, P3 is the water pressure in the second airway (105), P1 is the first air pressure, and r2 is the radius of the second vent hole (102).

[0016] Optionally, in the above-mentioned venting device, the baffle is formed by the edge of the first airway, the overflow hole is located at the top end of the baffle, and the first spring is located between the free end of the first airway and the overflow hole.

[0017] Optionally, in the above-mentioned venting device, the second sealing valve comprises:

[0018] A second valve core, the inner cavity of the air plug body is provided with a third vent hole, the first airway and the third airway are communicated through the third vent hole;

[0019] A second spring, the second spring is located between the second valve core and the third airway, the second spring is located in the inner cavity of the air plug body, the first end of the second spring is connected with the second valve core, the second end of the second spring is connected with the air plug body, the second valve core is a ball valve, and the rigidity K2 of the second spring satisfies:

[0020] Wherein, r4 is the radius of the third vent hole, and X2 is the compression amount of the second spring when blocking the third vent hole.

[0021] Optionally, in the above-mentioned venting device, the free end of the first airway in the air plug body is provided with a threaded hole.

[0022] Optionally, in the above-mentioned venting device, further comprising:

[0023] A first vent plug cap, the first vent plug cap is installed at the free end of the first airway, the first vent plug cap is provided with a first filter, and the first filter is provided with an air hole; and / or

[0024] A second vent plug cap, the second vent plug cap is installed at the free end of the second airway, the second vent plug cap is provided with a second filter, and the second filter is provided with an air hole.

[0025] Optionally, in the above-mentioned venting device, the free ends of the first airway and the second airway are arranged downward, and the first sealing valve and the second sealing valve are higher than the positions of the free ends of the first airway and the second airway.

[0026] A gearbox comprising a gearbox body and a venting device installed on the gearbox body, wherein the venting device is any one of the above-mentioned venting devices.

[0027] A vehicle comprising a breather device according to any of the preceding claims.

[0028] In the above technical solution, the breather device provided by the application comprises a breather plug, a first sealing valve and a second sealing valve. The breather plug comprises a plug body, and the inner cavity of the plug body is provided with a first air channel, a second air channel and a third air channel. The first sealing valve is installed in the inner cavity, and the first air channel and the second air channel are connected through the first sealing valve. The second sealing valve is installed in the inner cavity, and the first air channel and the third air channel are connected through the second sealing valve. The second air channel and the third air channel have the same pressure. The chamber in which the first air channel is located bears a positive pressure difference ΔP and a negative pressure difference ΔP'. When the pressure difference between the first air pressure in the first air channel and the second air pressure in the second air channel is between the positive pressure difference ΔP and the negative pressure difference ΔP', the first sealing valve and the second sealing valve are closed, the first air channel and the third air channel are not connected, and the first air channel and the second air channel are not connected. When the second air pressure in the second air channel is less than the first air pressure in the first air channel, and the difference between the first air pressure and the second air pressure is greater than the external pressure difference, which is greater than the positive pressure difference ΔP, the second sealing valve is opened, the first air channel and the third air channel are connected, and the first sealing valve is closed. When the second air pressure in the second air channel is greater than the first air pressure in the first air channel, and the difference between the first air pressure and the second air pressure is greater than the external pressure difference, which is greater than the negative pressure difference ΔP', the first sealing valve is opened, the first air channel and the second air channel are connected, and the second sealing valve is closed. In specific use, the first air channel is connected with a corresponding box.

[0029] As can be seen from the above description, in the breather device provided by the application, the first air channel, the second air channel and the third air channel are connected through the first sealing valve and the second sealing valve when the pressure difference exceeds the positive pressure difference and the negative pressure difference, thereby avoiding the reduction of the sealing performance of the box connected with the first air channel of the breather plug, and the use performance of the breather device provided by the application is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the application, and other drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor on the basis of the provided drawings.

[0031] Figure 1 The structural schematic diagram of the breather device provided by the embodiment of the application;

[0032] Figure 2 The three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the breather device provided by the embodiment of the application;

[0033] Figure 3Structure schematic view of the ventilation device provided by the embodiment of the present application, in which the first sealing valve is in the state of blocking the first ventilation hole, and the second sealing valve is in the closed state;

[0034] Figure 4 Structure schematic view of the ventilation device provided by the embodiment of the present application, in which the first sealing valve is in the open state, and the second sealing valve is in the open state;

[0035] Figure 5 Water pressure flow direction schematic view of the ventilation device provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0036] Wherein Figures 1-5 In the present application,

[0037] 1-ventilation plug, 101-first ventilation hole, 102-second ventilation hole, 103-overflow hole, 104-third ventilation hole, 105-second air duct, 106-first air duct, 107-third air duct, 108-third connecting plate, 109-baffle, 1010-second connecting plate, 1011-first connecting plate;

[0038] 2-first ventilation plug cap, 3-second ventilation plug cap, 4-first valve core, 5-first spring, 6-second valve core, 7-second spring, 8-second guide, 9-first guide. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The core of the present application is to provide a ventilation device, a gearbox and a car, the use performance of the ventilation device is improved.

[0040] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present application, the present application will be further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and embodiments.

[0041] Please refer to Figures 1 to 5 .

[0042] In a specific embodiment, the ventilation device provided by the embodiment of the present application comprises a ventilation plug 1, a first sealing valve and a second sealing valve. The ventilation plug 1 comprises a plug body, and the inner cavity of the plug body is provided with a first air duct 106, a second air duct 105 and a third air duct 107. The first sealing valve and the second sealing valve are both installed in the inner cavity.

[0043] In specific use, the first air duct 106 is connected with a sealing box body, and the second air duct 105 and the third air duct 107 are ventilation ports of the ventilation plug 1 and are in contact with the outside atmosphere. Specifically, the center lines of the second air duct 105 and the third air duct 107 are arranged at an acute angle, an obtuse angle or a straight angle, preferably, the second air duct 105 and the third air duct 107 are symmetrically arranged on opposite sides of the first air duct 106, and the free end of the first air duct 106, the free end of the second air duct 105 and the free end of the third air duct 107 are arranged in the same direction, for exampleFigure 1 The first sealing valve and the second sealing valve are both arranged downward, and the first sealing valve and the second sealing valve are arranged horizontally. In specific use, the placement of the breather plug 1 is not limited to the above cases.

[0044] The first air passage 106 and the second air passage 105 are connected through the first sealing valve, and the first air passage 106 and the third air passage 107 are connected through the second sealing valve. The second air passage 105 and the third air passage 107 have the same pressure, and the chamber in which the first air passage 106 is located bears a positive pressure difference ΔP and a negative pressure difference ΔP', wherein ΔP is the maximum positive pressure difference that the chamber can bear, and ΔP' is the maximum negative pressure difference that the chamber can bear. As shown in Figure 1 When the pressure difference between the first air pressure P1 in the first air passage 106 and the second air pressure P2 in the second air passage 105 is between the positive pressure difference ΔP and the negative pressure difference ΔP', the first sealing valve and the second sealing valve are closed, at this time, the first air passage 106 and the third air passage 107 are not connected, and the first air passage 106 and the second air passage 105 are not connected.

[0045] When the first air passage 106 and the third air passage 107 are connected; when the second air pressure in the second air passage 105 is less than the first air pressure in the first air passage 106, and the difference between the first air pressure and the second air pressure is greater than the external pressure difference, which is greater than the positive pressure difference ΔP, the second sealing valve is opened, and the first sealing valve is closed. When the second air pressure in the second air passage 105 is greater than the first air pressure in the first air passage 106, and the difference between the first air pressure and the second air pressure is greater than the external pressure difference, which is greater than the negative pressure difference ΔP', the first sealing valve is opened, and the second sealing valve is closed. In specific use, the first air passage 106 is connected to the corresponding box.

[0046] As can be seen from the above description, in the breather device provided in the embodiments of the present application, the first air passage 106 is connected to the second air passage 105 and the third air passage 107 when the pressure difference exceeds the positive pressure difference and the negative pressure difference through the first sealing valve and the second sealing valve, thereby avoiding the decrease of the sealing performance of the box connected to the first air passage 106 of the breather plug 1, and the use performance of the breather device provided in the present application is improved.

[0047] The breather device provided in the present application can be applied to a gearbox, a four-wheel drive transfer case, an EV vehicle model reduction gearbox, etc.

[0048] In a specific embodiment, the first sealing valve is in negative pressure working form, and the second sealing valve is in positive pressure working form.

[0049] The first sealing valve comprises a first valve core 4, the inner cavity of the air plug body is provided with a first air hole 101 and a second air hole 102, the first valve core 4 is located between the first air hole 101 and the second air hole 102, a first air passage 106 and a second air passage 105 are communicated through the first air hole 101 and the second air hole 102, the first sealing valve is opened when the first valve core 4 is located between the first air hole 101 and the second air hole 102, the first valve core 4 closes the first air hole 101 when the pressure difference between the first air pressure in the first air passage 106 and the second air pressure in the second air passage 105 is between a positive pressure difference ΔP and a negative pressure difference ΔP', and the first valve core 4 closes the second air hole 102 when the water pressure in the second air passage 105 is greater than the first air pressure in the first air passage 106 and the pressure difference between the water pressure and the first air pressure is greater than the negative pressure difference ΔP'.

[0050] In a specific embodiment, the first valve core 4 is a first ball valve, the first air hole 101 and the second air hole 102 are circular holes. The first sealing valve further comprises a first spring 5, the first spring 5 is located in the inner cavity of the air plug body, the first end of the first spring 5 is connected with the baffle 109 of the air plug body, the second end of the first spring 5 is connected with the first ball valve, and the second air hole 102 is sleeved outside the first spring 5. Specifically, the air plug body is sealingly connected with a first connecting plate 1011 and a second connecting plate 1010, the first air hole 101 is formed in the first connecting plate 1011, the second air hole 102 is formed in the second connecting plate 1010, and the first spring 5 can be telescoped in the second air hole 102.

[0051] In order to make the first ball valve move along a preset path, the first connecting plate 1011 and the second connecting plate 1010 are connected with a first guide 9, the first ball valve is located in the first guide 9, and the inner cavity of the first guide 9 can pass through the air-liquid passage of the air plug 1. The two ends of the first guide 9 are sealingly connected with the first connecting plate 1011 and the second connecting plate 1010 respectively.

[0052] The baffle 109 is provided with an overflow hole 103, the overflow hole 103 is located above the first ball valve, and specifically, the overflow hole 103 can be a circular hole or a square hole. The second air hole 102 is communicated with the first air passage 106 through the overflow hole 103, and the overflow hole 103 can effectively prevent water flowing into the gearbox during the movement of the first ball valve.

[0053] The rigidity K1 of the first spring 5 satisfies:

[0054] Wherein, r1 is the radius of the first air hole 101, X1 is the compression amount of the first spring 5 when the first valve core 4 seals the first air hole 101,

[0055] The above formula can be obtained:

[0056]

[0057] The appropriate spring stiffness K1 can be selected based on the maximum negative pressure difference ΔP′ that the gearbox can withstand. Since the pressure difference is small, the above parameters need to be selected appropriately.

[0058] In one specific embodiment, the second sealing valve includes a second valve core 6 and a second spring 7. The inner cavity of the air plug body is provided with a third vent hole 104, and the first air passage 106 and the third air passage 107 are connected through the third vent hole 104. Specifically, the air plug body is provided with a third connecting plate 108. The second spring 7 is located between the second valve core 6 and the third air passage 107, within the inner cavity of the air plug body. The first end of the second spring 7 is connected to the second valve core 6, and the second end of the second spring 7 is connected to the air plug body. The second valve core 6 is a ball valve.

[0059] Specifically, the inner cavity of the air plug body is provided with a second guide member 8, and a second ball valve is located inside the second guide member 8, moving along the second guide member 8. The inner cavity of the second guide member 8 is used to connect the first air passage 106 and the third air passage 107.

[0060] In one specific implementation, the venting device is installed on the gearbox. When the external atmospheric pressure (P2) is greater than the internal air pressure of the gearbox (P1) and the pressure difference between the inside and outside is greater than the maximum negative pressure difference that the gearbox can withstand, i.e., P2 - P... 1＞ When ΔP′, the following is true. Figure 4 As shown, in the right channel, under the combined force of external atmospheric pressure and the second spring 7, the second sealing valve is sealed, preventing gas from escaping. In the left channel, when the external atmospheric pressure exceeds the spring force of the second spring, the balance is disrupted; when P2-P1 > ΔP′, the first valve core 4 moves to the right, opening the first vent 101 and allowing the internal and external air pressures to communicate; when P2-P1 = ΔP′, the first valve core 4 will move to the left under the force of the first spring 5, returning to its initial position, at which point the first valve core 4 blocks the first vent 101. Figure 1 As shown, when the internal and external pressure difference is balanced, the compression of the first spring 5 on the left is X1, and the compression of the second spring 7 on the right is X2. Both the first sealing valve and the second sealing valve are in the closed state.

[0061] The distance X3 from the first through hole to the second vent hole 102 of the first ball valve satisfies:

[0062]

[0063] Wherein, P3 is the water pressure in the second air passage 105 and the third air passage 107, P1 is the first air pressure, and r2 is the radius of the second vent 102.

[0064] like Figure 5As shown, in a specific embodiment, the ventilation device is installed on the gearbox position, at which time the vehicle wading height to the distance H of the ventilation pipe, when the gearbox enters the wading working condition, the external water pressure P3 is greater than the internal pressure P1 of the gearbox, and the internal and external pressure difference is greater than the maximum bearing negative pressure difference ΔP' of the gearbox, that is, P3-P1>ΔP', the right channel is sealed under the double action of the external water pressure P3 and the second spring 7, and the water in the third air duct 107 cannot enter the gearbox. The first ball valve on the left side moves to the right, the first ventilation hole 101 is opened, and as the wading depth increases, the external water pressure P3 increases, the first ball valve is compressed to the second ventilation hole 102, and the displacement distance X3. The vehicle wading height to the distance H of the ventilation pipe, the stiffness K1 of the first spring 5, to select a reasonable displacement distance X3, wherein the displacement distance X3 is determined according to the following formula:

[0065]

[0066] P3=ρgH.

[0067] For the water entering the ventilation pipe in the moving process of the first valve core 4, it can be blocked by the hole wall where the second ventilation hole 102 is located. Specifically, the overflow hole 103 is designed at the highest position of the channel at this position, and the radius of the overflow hole 103 is not too large. Specifically, the hole diameter radius of the overflow hole 103 is smaller than the radius of the first ventilation hole 101, and the radii of the first ventilation hole 101 and the second ventilation hole 102 are preferably the same.

[0068] Specifically, the baffle 109 is formed by extending the edge of the first air duct 106, the overflow hole 103 is located at the top end of the baffle 109, and the first spring 5 is located between the free end of the first air duct 106 and the overflow hole 103.

[0069] The diameters of the first valve core 4 and the second valve core 6 can be the same or different. Specifically, the first valve core 4 and the second valve core 6 are in contact with the valve body through the spherical surface to achieve the sealing effect of the valve body. Specifically, the first ventilation hole 101, the second ventilation hole 102 and the third ventilation hole 104 can be cylindrical holes. In order to improve the sealing performance, the first ventilation hole 101, the second ventilation hole 102 and the third ventilation hole 104 are annular spherical hole body structures, which increase the contact area of the first valve core 4 with the first ventilation hole 101 and the second ventilation hole 102, and the contact area of the second valve core 6 with the third ventilation hole 104.

[0070] The stiffness K2 of the second spring 7 satisfies:

[0071] Wherein, r4 is the radius of the third ventilation hole 104, and X2 is the compression amount of the second spring 7 when blocking the third ventilation hole 104.

[0072] The above formula can be obtained:

[0073] The second spring 7 can be selected according to the maximum positive pressure difference ΔP that the box can withstand in communication with the first channel, the diameter r4 of the third through hole, and the displacement distance X2 of the second spring 7. Since the pressure difference is small, the above parameters need to be reasonably selected.

[0074] As shown in the following Figure 3 When the external atmospheric pressure P2 is less than the internal pressure P1 of the gearbox and the internal and external pressure difference is greater than the maximum positive pressure difference that the gearbox can withstand, that is, P1-P2>ΔP, the second valve core 6 moves to the right, the third air hole 104 is opened, and the internal and external air pressure is communicated; when P1-P2=ΔP, the second valve core 6 will move to the left under the action of the second spring 7, return to the initial position, and block the fourth air hole at this time. The first valve core 4 on the left side channel is sealed under the double action of the internal pressure P1 and the first spring 5, and the first valve core 4 seals the first air hole 101, and the gas in the channel cannot be discharged.

[0075] Specifically, when the internal and external air pressure is equal, that is, P1=P2, or the internal and external pressure difference does not reach the maximum pressure difference that the gearbox can withstand, that is, P1-P2≤ΔP, P2-P1≤ΔP', the first valve core 4 and the second valve core 6 are in a closed state under the action of the first spring 5 and the second spring 7, as shown in the following Figure 1 The first air passage 106 is not communicated with the second air passage 105 and the third air passage 107.

[0076] In order to facilitate the disassembly and assembly of the venting device, the free end of the first air passage 106 is provided with a threaded hole, for example, the air plug body is provided with an external thread at the position of the first air passage 106, and the installation is realized by thread connection between the air plug body and the box. Of course, the venting device can be connected with the box by interference press fitting or fasteners.

[0077] The venting device provided by the application selects different sealing valves according to the positive and negative pressure difference of the box, wading and the like, each function independently operates, the structure is stable, the application can prevent water from entering the box by sealing of the second sealing valve and the first sealing valve, thereby maintaining the reliability of the sealing element and the oil in the gearbox, and does not need to additionally increase the venting plug 1 to improve the wading height and optimize the vehicle arrangement space.

[0078] In a specific embodiment, the venting device further comprises a first venting plug cap 2, which is installed at the free end of the first air passage 106, and the first venting plug cap 2 is provided with a first filter element, and the first filter element is provided with an air hole. The first venting plug cap 2 can be a filter screen structure, and specifically, the first venting plug cap 2 is arranged to prevent foreign matters such as dust and splashing liquid from the outside.

[0079] In an embodiment, the ventilation device further comprises a second ventilation plug cap 3, which is installed at the free end of the second air duct 105, and is provided with a second filter element having air holes. The second ventilation plug cap 3 can be a mesh structure, which prevents foreign matters such as dust and splashing liquid from entering. In order to facilitate assembly, preferably, the second air duct 105 and the third air duct 107 are of the same structure, and the first ventilation plug cap 2 and the second ventilation plug cap 3 are of the same structure, so that the staff does not need to distinguish and select the components during assembly.

[0080] In an embodiment, the free ends of the first air duct 106 and the second air duct 105 are arranged downward, and the first sealing valve and the second sealing valve are higher than the positions of the free ends of the first air duct 106 and the second air duct 105. The ventilation openings of the first air duct 106 and the second air duct 105 are vertically downward, and are covered by the first ventilation plug cap 2 and the second ventilation plug cap 3, which can effectively prevent foreign matters such as water, dust and sand from entering the one-way valve and affecting the sealing and ventilation effects, and improve the sealing effect of the box.

[0081] The positions of the first sealing valve and the second sealing valve are higher than the ventilation openings of the free ends of the first air duct 106 and the second air duct 105, which can effectively prevent foreign matters such as large-particle dust from entering the first sealing valve and the second sealing valve and affecting the sealing effect in the box.

[0082] The first air duct 106, the second air duct 105 and the third air duct 107 can be circular or square structures. The first ventilation plug cap 2 and the second ventilation plug cap 3 can be square structures, and of course, the first ventilation plug cap 2 and the second ventilation plug cap 3 can also be other shapes.

[0083] The ventilation device provided by the application can realize bidirectional ventilation and completely prevent dust and water from entering, and can still maintain the reliability of the sealing member and the oil in the box under relatively severe water immersion conditions, without the need to additionally increase the ventilation pipe to improve the water immersion height and optimize the vehicle arrangement space.

[0084] The transmission provided by the application comprises a box body and a ventilation device installed on the box body, wherein the ventilation device is any of the above ventilation devices. The foregoing describes the specific structure of the ventilation device, and the application comprises the above ventilation device, and also has the above technical effects.

[0085] The automobile provided by the application comprises a ventilation device, and the ventilation device is any of the above ventilation devices. The foregoing describes the specific structure of the ventilation device, and the application comprises the above ventilation device, and also has the above technical effects. Of course, the automobile of the application can also comprise any of the above transmissions.

[0086] The various embodiments described in this specification are intended to be illustrative only and in no way limit the scope of the application. Changes and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art, which employ the principles of the application, without departing from the scope of the application. Accordingly, the application is not limited to the embodiments described herein, but instead has scope to encompass any choice whatsoever that is dependent on, or can be substituted in, the principal, new and inventive features that are disclosed and claimed herein.

[0087] The above description of disclosed embodiments is intended to be illustrative only and not limiting of the application. Numerous modifications to these embodiments can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. The scope of the application is not limited to the embodiments described herein, but rather extends to any that are dependent on, or can be substituted in, the principal, new and inventive features that are disclosed and claimed herein.

Claims

1. A ventilation device, characterized in that The utility model relates to a venting plug (1) comprising a plug body having a first air passage (106), a second air passage (105) and a third air passage (107) in the inner cavity of the plug body; a first sealing valve is installed in the inner cavity, and the first air passage (106) and the second air passage (105) are connected through the first sealing valve; a second sealing valve is installed in the inner cavity, and the first air passage (106) and the third air passage (107) are connected through the second sealing valve; the second air passage (105) and the third air passage (107) have the same pressure, the chamber where the first air passage (106) is located bears a positive pressure difference ΔP and a negative pressure difference ΔP', when the pressure difference between the first air pressure in the first air passage (106) and the second air pressure in the second air passage (105) is between the positive pressure difference ΔP and the negative pressure difference ΔP', the first sealing valve and the second sealing valve are closed, the first air passage (106) and the third air passage (107) are not connected, and the first air passage (106) and the second air passage (105) are not connected; when the second air pressure in the second air passage (105) is less than the first air pressure in the first air passage (106), and the difference between the first air pressure and the second air pressure is greater than the external pressure difference, which is greater than the positive pressure difference ΔP, the second sealing valve is opened, the first air passage (106) and the third air passage (107) are connected, and the first sealing valve is closed; when the second air pressure in the second air passage (105) is greater than the first air pressure in the first air passage (106), and the difference between the first air pressure and the second air pressure is greater than the external pressure difference, which is greater than the negative pressure difference ΔP', the first sealing valve is opened, the first air passage (106) and the second air passage (105) are connected, and the second sealing valve is closed; the first sealing valve comprises a first valve core (4), the inner cavity of the plug body is provided with a first vent hole (101) and a second vent hole (102), the first valve core (4) is located between the first vent hole (101) and the second vent hole (102), the first air passage (106) and the second air passage (105) are connected through the first vent hole (101) and the second vent hole (102), when the first valve core (4) is located between the first vent hole (101) and the second vent hole (102), the first sealing valve is opened; when the pressure difference between the first air pressure in the first air passage (106) and the second air pressure in the second air passage (105) is between the positive pressure difference ΔP and the negative pressure difference ΔP', the first valve core (4) closes the first vent hole (101); when the water pressure in the second air passage (105) is greater than the first air pressure in the first air passage (106), and the pressure difference between the water pressure and the first air pressure is greater than the negative pressure difference ΔP', the first valve core (4) closes the second vent hole (102). ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ The first valve core (4) is a first ball valve, and the first vent hole (101) and the second vent hole (102) are circular holes; the first sealing valve further comprises a first spring (5) located in the inner cavity of the air plug body, a first end of the first spring (5) is connected with a baffle (109) of the air plug body, a second end of the first spring (5) is connected with the first ball valve, the second vent hole (102) is sleeved outside the first spring (5), the baffle (109) is provided with an overflow hole (103), the overflow hole (103) is located above the first ball valve, and the second vent hole (102) and the first air channel (106) are in communication through the overflow hole (103); The stiffness K1 of the first spring (5) satisfies: Wherein, r1 is the radius of the first vent hole (101), X1 is the compression amount of the first spring (5) when the first valve core (4) seals the first vent hole (101). The distance X3 from the first through hole to the second through hole (102) of the first ball valve satisfies: Wherein, P3 is the water pressure in the second air channel (105), P1 is the first air pressure, and r2 is the radius of the second vent hole (102).

2. The vent of claim 1, wherein The baffle (109) is formed by extending from the edge of the first air channel (106), the overflow hole (103) is located at the top end of the baffle (109), and the first spring (5) is located between the free end of the first air channel (106) and the overflow hole (103).

3. The vent of claim 1, wherein The second sealing valve comprises: A second valve core (6), the inner cavity of the air plug body is provided with a third vent hole (104), and the first air channel (106) and the third air channel (107) are in communication through the third vent hole (104); A second spring (7) is located between the second valve core (6) and the third air passage (107), the second spring (7) is located in the inner cavity of the air plug body, the first end of the second spring (7) is connected with the second valve core (6), and the second end of the second spring (7) is connected with the air plug body, the second valve core (6) is a ball valve, and the rigidity K2 of the second spring (7) satisfies: Wherein, r4 is the radius of the third vent hole (104), and X2 is the compression amount of the second spring (7) when the third vent hole (104) is sealed.

4. The vent of claim 1, wherein The free end of the first air channel (106) in the air plug body is provided with a threaded hole.

5. The vent of claim 1, wherein Further comprising: A first vent plug cap (2) installed at the free end of the first air channel (106), the first vent plug cap (2) is provided with a first filter, and the first filter is provided with an air hole; and / or A second vent plug cap (3) installed at the free end of the second air channel (105), the second vent plug cap (3) is provided with a second filter, and the second filter is provided with an air hole.

6. The vent of claim 1, wherein The free ends of the first air channel (106) and the second air channel (105) are arranged downward, and the first sealing valve and the second sealing valve are higher than the positions of the free ends of the first air channel (106) and the second air channel (105).

7. A gearbox characterized in that, The air vent device comprises a box body and an air vent device mounted on the box body, and the air vent device is any one of the air vent devices in claims 1-6.

8. An automobile characterized by comprising: The air vent device comprises an air vent device, and the air vent device is any one of the air vent devices in claims 1-6.

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