A measuring device for acoustic logging while drilling

Abstract

The application discloses a measuring device for acoustic logging while drilling, which is mainly composed of a drill bit, a measuring nipple, an I-shaped drill pipe nipple, a II-shaped drill pipe nipple, a top power supply and signal transmission control slip ring, a top comprehensive control unit, a top driving device and a drilling machine, and has the functions of self-power supply, high-data transmission, bidirectional communication support, automatic data acquisition and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of logging while drilling technology, and more specifically, relates to a measuring device for acoustic logging while drilling. Background Technology

[0002] In oil and gas field exploration and development, logging is essential after drilling to understand the formation's oil and gas content. However, logging data is typically acquired after drilling is complete, with instruments lowered into the well using cables. In some cases, such as highly deviated wells (over 65 degrees) or even horizontal wells, lowering the instruments with cables is difficult. Furthermore, poor wellbore conditions, such as collapses or blockages, also hinder data acquisition. Because drilling fluid circulates during drilling, carrying away drill cuttings, drilling fluid filtrate inevitably seeps into the formation. Therefore, logging after drilling reveals differences in formation parameters compared to when the formation was first drilled. This led to the idea of ​​placing logging instruments on the drill bit, giving it "eyes," to acquire formation data as drilling progresses—this is logging while drilling.

[0003] The key technology in logging while drilling (LWD) is signal transmission, and the most widely used method is drilling fluid pressure pulse transmission. This is a common method employed by LWD instruments. It converts the measured parameters into drilling fluid pressure pulses, which are then transmitted to the surface via the drilling fluid circulation. The measured parameters are digitized and encoded into high ("1") and low ("0") electrical signals, which control the mushroom head of the drilling fluid pulse generator. When the encoding is "1", the mushroom head moves upward, increasing the resistance of the drilling fluid flowing through the conical nozzle and generating additional pressure. When the encoding is "0", the mushroom head returns to its original position, and the pressure drops to normal. This is a positive pulse transmission system. Similar systems include negative pulse transmission systems and continuous wave transmission systems. The advantages of drilling fluid pressure pulse transmission are its economy and convenience, but its disadvantage is its low data transmission rate (number of bits transmitted per second). In addition, there is downhole storage, which stores all data in a downhole memory and retrieves the data after tripping out of the well. The advantages are low cost and reliable data storage. The disadvantage is that the surface cannot obtain data in real time, which cannot guide drilling. For logging while drilling with a large amount of data, such as logging while drilling imaging, a combination of real-time transmission and downhole storage is usually used. Real-time transmission is used for key well sections, while downhole storage is used for other well sections. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a measuring device for sonic logging while drilling, which can acquire logging data in real time during the logging process and has functions such as self-powered power supply, high-data transmission, support for bidirectional communication, and automatic data acquisition.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides a measuring device for acoustic logging while drilling, characterized in that it comprises: a drill bit, a measuring sub, a type I drill pipe sub, a type II drill pipe sub, a top power supply and signal transmission control slip ring, a top integrated control unit, a top drive device, and a drilling rig;

[0006] The drill bit, measuring sub, Type I drill pipe sub, and Type II drill pipe sub are all mechanically rigidly connected. The drill bit operates at the foremost position, the measuring sub is positioned after the drill bit, and then the Type I drill pipe sub and Type II drill pipe sub are arranged sequentially. As the drilling depth increases, the repeated alternation of Type I and Type II drill pipe subs increases the overall drill pipe length.

[0007] The top drive device is mechanically rigidly connected to the top type II drill rod short section, and the top drive device is connected to the drilling rig through gears. When the drilling rig rotates, the gears drive the top drive device and the entire rotating rod to rotate.

[0008] The top integrated control unit is slidably connected to the top drive device through a top power and signal transmission control slip ring, and the power and signal transmission is realized through the top power and signal transmission control slip ring;

[0009] When the measuring device is running, the drilling rig rotates, which drives the entire drill pipe to rotate through the top drive device. The drill bit rotates along with it and breaks up the formation. During the drilling process, the measuring sub completes the measurement according to the command of the top integrated control unit, processes and packages the data, and then transmits the packaged data to the top drive device through the Type I and Type II drill pipe subs. The top drive device then transmits the measurement data to the top integrated control unit through the top power supply and signal transmission control slip ring.

[0010] The objective of this invention is achieved as follows:

[0011] This invention discloses a measuring device for acoustic logging while drilling, which mainly consists of a drill bit, a measuring sub, a type I drill pipe sub, a type II drill pipe sub, a top power supply and signal transmission control slip ring, a top integrated control unit, a top drive device, and a drilling rig. It has functions such as self-powered operation, high-speed data transmission, support for bidirectional communication, and automatic data acquisition.

[0012] Meanwhile, the measuring device for acoustic logging while drilling according to the present invention also has the following beneficial effects:

[0013] (1) Under the harsh environmental conditions of logging while drilling (high temperature, vibration, shock), this invention achieves high-speed, efficient, bidirectional and stable data transmission, solves the shortcomings of the current logging while drilling field such as difficulty in energy transmission, low data transmission rate and inability to achieve real-time control, and can effectively improve the technical level of logging while drilling field.

[0014] (2) This invention integrates measurement, control and high-speed data transmission into one, and has functions such as self-powered, high-speed data transmission, support for bidirectional communication and automatic data acquisition. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a diagram of the measurement device architecture for acoustic logging while drilling according to the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The diagram shows the structure of the short section for measurement.

[0017] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 The diagram shows the structure of the Type I drill pipe short section.

[0018] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 The diagram shows the structure of the Type II drill pipe short section.

[0019] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 The diagram shows the structure of the top integrated control unit. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the invention. It should be particularly noted that in the following description, detailed descriptions of known functions and designs that might obscure the main content of the invention will be omitted here.

[0021] Example

[0022] Figure 1 This is a diagram of the measurement device architecture for acoustic logging while drilling according to the present invention.

[0023] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a measuring device for acoustic logging while drilling, comprising: a drill bit, a measuring sub, a type I drill pipe sub, a type II drill pipe sub, a top power supply and signal transmission control slip ring, a top integrated control unit, a top drive device, and a drilling rig;

[0024] The drill bit, measuring sub, Type I drill pipe sub, and Type II drill pipe sub are all mechanically rigidly connected. The drill bit operates at the very front, breaking up the formation and guiding the drill pipe. The measuring sub is located after the drill bit and is used to house various sensors and signal acquisition and processing devices, primarily for data acquisition and processing. Then, Type I and Type II drill pipe subs are sequentially arranged. As the drilling depth increases, the repeated alternation of Type I and Type II drill pipe subs increases the overall drill pipe length, and the subs are relatively fixed during operation. In this embodiment, the drill pipe sub is extended through multiple segment connections, simultaneously enabling energy and data transmission.

[0025] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 As shown, the measurement section includes: a high-power photoelectric conversion module, a photoelectric conversion module, an electro-optical conversion module, and a control and acquisition module;

[0026] The high-power photoelectric conversion module converts the voltage and light signals sent by the top integrated control unit into power to power the various functional modules in the measurement section;

[0027] The photoelectric conversion module receives the command optical signal issued by the top integrated control unit and converts it into an electrical signal, which is then provided to the control and acquisition module for parsing and use. The control and acquisition module completes data measurement and acquisition according to the parsed control command, then packages the acquired data and converts the packaged data into a data optical signal through the electro-optical conversion module. The data optical signal is then transmitted and relayed through the drill pipe section and finally sent to the top integrated control unit.

[0028] The measuring sub and the Type I drill pipe sub are rigidly connected externally via a mechanical interface, while the optical fiber between them is quickly and reliably connected via a quick connector.

[0029] In this embodiment, as Figure 3 As shown, the Type I drill pipe section contains multiple multi-purpose optical fibers. Each optical fiber is connected to the lower measuring section and the upper Type II drill pipe section via quick connectors. It is mainly used to transmit voltage, control commands and measurement data.

[0030] In this embodiment, as Figure 4 As shown, the Type II drill pipe section includes: a high-power photoelectric conversion module, a signal relay module, and multiple multi-purpose optical fibers;

[0031] The high-power photoelectric conversion module converts the voltage optical signal sent by the top integrated control unit into power to power the various functional modules in the measurement section; the signal relay module relays and amplifies the command optical signal sent by the top integrated control unit and the data optical signal uploaded by the measurement section to compensate for the loss of optical signal during transmission, and then continues to transmit through optical fiber.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, the top drive unit is mechanically rigidly connected to the top type II drill pipe section, and the top drive unit is connected to the drilling rig via gears. When the drilling rig rotates, the gears drive the top drive unit and the entire rotating rod to rotate.

[0033] The top integrated control unit is slidably connected to the top drive device through a top power and signal transmission control slip ring, which enables the transmission of voltage, control commands and measurement data.

[0034] In this embodiment, as Figure 5 As shown, the top integrated control unit includes: a high-power photoelectric conversion module, a photoelectric conversion module, an electro-optical conversion module, a control module, and a data receiving module;

[0035] The external voltage signal is converted into a voltage-optical signal by a high-power electro-optical conversion module, and then transmitted to the Type II drill pipe sub and the measuring sub through the top power supply and signal transmission control slip ring to power both. The control commands issued by the control module are first converted into command optical signals by the electro-optical conversion module, and then transmitted to the measuring sub through the top power supply and signal transmission control slip ring, thereby controlling the measuring sub to complete data acquisition and uploading. The photoelectric conversion module converts the data optical signal uploaded by the measuring sub into an electrical signal, which is then received by the data receiving module and forwarded to the host computer to complete subsequent measurement data processing, analysis, and human-computer interaction.

[0036] When the measuring device is running, the drilling rig rotates, which drives the entire drill pipe to rotate through the top drive device. The drill bit rotates along with it and breaks up the formation. During the drilling process, the measuring sub completes the measurement according to the command of the top integrated control unit, processes and packages the data, and then transmits the packaged data to the top drive device through the Type I and Type II drill pipe subs. The top drive device then transmits the measurement data to the top integrated control unit through the top power supply and signal transmission control slip ring.

[0037] Although the illustrative specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above to enable those skilled in the art to understand the invention, it should be understood that the invention is not limited to the scope of the specific embodiments. For those skilled in the art, various changes are obvious as long as they are within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined and determined by the appended claims, and all inventions utilizing the concept of the present invention are protected.

Claims

1. A measuring device for acoustic logging while drilling, characterized in that, include: Drill bit, measuring sub, Type I drill pipe sub, Type II drill pipe sub, top power supply and signal transmission control slip ring, top integrated control unit, top drive unit and drilling rig; The drill bit, measuring sub, Type I drill pipe sub, and Type II drill pipe sub are all mechanically rigidly connected. The drill bit operates at the foremost position, the measuring sub is positioned after the drill bit, and then the Type I drill pipe sub and Type II drill pipe sub are arranged sequentially. As the drilling depth increases, the repeated alternation of Type I and Type II drill pipe subs increases the overall drill pipe length. The top drive device is mechanically rigidly connected to the top type II drill rod short section, and the top drive device is connected to the drilling rig through gears. When the drilling rig rotates, the gears drive the top drive device and the entire rotating rod to rotate. The top integrated control unit is slidably connected to the top drive device through a top power supply and signal transmission control slip ring, and the top power supply and signal transmission control slip ring realizes the transmission of voltage, control commands and measurement data; When the measuring device is running, the drilling rig rotates, which drives the entire drill pipe to rotate via the top drive device. The drill bit rotates along with it and breaks up the formation. During the drilling process, the measuring sub completes the measurement according to the commands of the top integrated control unit, processes and packages the data, and then transmits the packaged data to the top drive device via the Type I and Type II drill pipe subs. The top drive device then transmits the measurement data to the top integrated control unit via the top power supply and signal transmission control slip ring. The measurement section includes: a high-power photoelectric conversion module, a photoelectric conversion module, an electro-optical conversion module, and a control and acquisition module; The high-power photoelectric conversion module converts the voltage and light signals sent by the top integrated control unit into power to power the various functional modules in the measurement section; The photoelectric conversion module receives the command optical signal issued by the top integrated control unit and converts it into an electrical signal, which is then provided to the control and acquisition module for parsing and use. The control and acquisition module completes data measurement and acquisition according to the parsed control command, then packages the acquired data and converts the packaged data into a data optical signal through the electro-optical conversion module. The data optical signal is then transmitted and relayed through the drill pipe section and finally sent to the top integrated control unit. The Type I drill pipe section contains multiple multi-purpose optical fibers. Each optical fiber is connected to the lower measuring section and the upper Type II drill pipe section via quick connectors for transmitting voltage, control commands, and measurement data. The Type II drill pipe section includes: a high-power photoelectric conversion module, a signal relay module, and multiple multi-purpose optical fibers; The high-power photoelectric conversion module converts the voltage optical signal sent by the top integrated control unit into power to power the various functional modules in the measurement section; the signal relay module relays and amplifies the command optical signal sent by the top integrated control unit and the data optical signal uploaded by the measurement section, and then continues to transmit them through optical fiber.

2. The measuring device for acoustic logging while drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top integrated control unit includes: a high-power photoelectric conversion module, a photoelectric conversion module, an electro-optical conversion module, a control module, and a data receiving module; The external voltage signal is converted into a voltage-optical signal by a high-power electro-optical conversion module, and then transmitted to the Type II drill pipe sub and the measuring sub through the top power supply and signal transmission control slip ring to power both. The control commands issued by the control module are first converted into command optical signals by the electro-optical conversion module, and then transmitted to the measuring sub through the top power supply and signal transmission control slip ring, thereby controlling the measuring sub to complete data acquisition and uploading. The photoelectric conversion module converts the data optical signal uploaded by the measuring sub into an electrical signal, and then receives and forwards it to the host computer through the data receiving module to complete the subsequent measurement data processing, analysis and human-computer interaction.

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