Solid-state hydrogen storage and release containers and systems with forced circulation heat exchange for hydrogen charging and electric heating for hydrogen release

Abstract

This invention provides a solid hydrogen storage and release container and system with forced circulation heat exchange for hydrogen filling and electric heating for hydrogen release. The solid hydrogen storage and release container is filled with a solid hydrogen storage and release material, which has multiple uniformly arranged enhanced permeability channels for rapid hydrogen flow. During hydrogen filling, the solid hydrogen storage and release container is connected to a forced circulation heat exchange hydrogen filling pipeline system, and a hydrogen circulation fan circulates the hydrogen within it. A portion of the hydrogen is absorbed as it passes through the solid hydrogen storage and release material, while the remaining hydrogen undergoes enhanced heat exchange through forced circulation, balancing the temperature field within the solid hydrogen storage and release container, accelerating heat dissipation from the solid hydrogen storage and release material, and increasing the hydrogen filling speed. Hydrogen release is performed using electric heating, resulting in a small size, simple structure, and low heat loss, increasing the hydrogen release speed, simplifying the heat exchange structure of the hydrogen storage and release container, reducing its volume, and thus increasing the overall hydrogen storage density of the equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a solid-state hydrogen storage and release system, specifically a solid-state hydrogen storage and release system with forced circulation heat exchange for hydrogen charging and electric heating for hydrogen release, belonging to the field of hydrogen energy technology. Background Technology

[0002] Solid-state hydrogen storage is a cutting-edge method for storing hydrogen by using solid hydrogen storage materials (such as metallic magnesium or magnesium alloys). This technology has many advantages, including large hydrogen storage capacity, abundant materials, relatively low cost, and environmental friendliness.

[0003] The reaction between hydrogen and the hydrogen storage metal is reversible, enabling the cyclical storage and release of hydrogen and reducing operating costs. During hydrogen charging, hydrogen reacts with the solid hydrogen storage material to form metal hydrides; this reaction is exothermic. The solid hydrogen storage material must be cooled promptly to ensure continuous charging. During hydrogen release, the solid hydrogen storage material decomposes upon heating, releasing hydrogen; this reaction is endothermic, requiring continuous heating of the storage material to ensure continuous hydrogen release.

[0004] Existing hydrogen charging and discharging thermal management systems use heat transfer media (such as heat transfer oil, hot air, etc.) to cool or heat the hydrogen storage material. Solid-state hydrogen storage and discharging systems are equipped with a heat transfer media circulation pipeline, through which the heat transfer media circulates inside the solid-state hydrogen storage container. During hydrogen charging, the heat generated inside the solid-state hydrogen storage material due to the reaction is carried away by the flow of the heat transfer media. During hydrogen discharging, the heating element heats the heat transfer media, which then flows through the solid-state hydrogen storage container, transferring heat to the solid-state hydrogen storage material until it reaches the hydrogen discharging temperature.

[0005] The existing hydrogen charging and discharging thermal management system has a relatively complex structure, requiring the design of an independent circulation pipeline for the heat transfer medium, which increases manufacturing and usage costs. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The main objective of this invention is to simplify the structure of solid hydrogen storage containers and increase hydrogen storage density by utilizing the thermal conductivity of hydrogen and the small size and simple structure of electric heating.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the first invention provides a solid hydrogen storage container, comprising:

[0008] Container body;

[0009] The first hydrogen inlet and outlet are located at the first end of the container body;

[0010] The first valve is located at the first hydrogen inlet and outlet;

[0011] The second hydrogen inlet and outlet are located at the second end of the container body;

[0012] The second valve is located at the second hydrogen inlet and outlet;

[0013] A first filter screen is disposed inside the container body and near the first end; the first filter screen extends radially along the container body to the inner wall of the container body, thereby forming a first cavity inside the container body;

[0014] The second filter is disposed inside the container body and near the second end; the second filter extends radially along the container body to the inner wall of the container body, thereby forming a second cavity inside the container body;

[0015] The portion of the container body located between the first and second cavities is the third cavity, which is used to contain solid hydrogen storage materials.

[0016] The solid hydrogen storage material has multiple enhanced permeability channels arranged along the axial direction of the container body to allow hydrogen to pass through quickly, which in turn provides a cooling effect.

[0017] In some embodiments, a plurality of enhanced permeability channels are uniformly distributed within the solid hydrogen storage material and arranged parallel to each other along the axial direction of the container body.

[0018] In some embodiments, the solid hydrogen storage container further includes:

[0019] Multiple electric heating rod sleeves are housed within the solid hydrogen storage material;

[0020] Multiple electric heating rods, with one electric heating rod installed in each heating rod sleeve;

[0021] The insulation layer covers the entire outer wall of the container body.

[0022] A second aspect of the present invention provides a forced circulation heat exchange hydrogen charging system, comprising:

[0023] The above-mentioned solid hydrogen storage containers;

[0024] The hydrogen charging circulation pipeline is connected at both ends to the first valve and the second valve, respectively.

[0025] The main hydrogen inlet is located on the hydrogen charging circulation pipeline and is equipped with a third valve;

[0026] A check valve is installed on the hydrogen charging circulation pipeline and near the main hydrogen inlet.

[0027] A hydrogen circulation fan is installed on the hydrogen circulation pipeline to circulate hydrogen within the pipeline.

[0028] The heat exchanger is installed on the hydrogen charging circulation pipeline and is located upstream of the hydrogen circulation fan.

[0029] In some embodiments, the hydrogen charging circulation line is detachably connected to both the first valve and the second valve to facilitate the removal of the solid hydrogen storage container from the hydrogen charging circulation line.

[0030] In some embodiments, a first vacuum port and a first argon inlet are provided near the first valve on the hydrogen charging circulation pipeline, a fourth valve is provided at the first vacuum port, and a fifth valve is provided at the first argon inlet.

[0031] A second vacuum port and a second argon gas inlet are located near the second valve on the hydrogen charging circulation pipeline. A sixth valve is installed at the second vacuum port, and a seventh valve is installed at the second argon gas inlet.

[0032] In some embodiments, an eighth valve is provided on the hydrogen charging circulation pipeline, and the eighth valve is configured such that the eighth valve is close to the first valve, and the first vacuum port and the first argon inlet are located between the eighth valve and the first valve;

[0033] A ninth valve is provided on the hydrogen charging circulation pipeline. The ninth valve is configured such that the ninth valve is close to the second valve, and the second vacuum port and the second argon gas inlet are located between the ninth valve and the second valve.

[0034] In some embodiments, the forced circulation heat exchange hydrogen charging system further includes:

[0035] A first pressure measuring device and a second pressure measuring device are respectively installed upstream and downstream of the hydrogen circulation fan to measure the pressure of hydrogen.

[0036] A first temperature measuring device and a second temperature measuring device are respectively installed upstream and downstream of the heat exchanger to measure the temperature of hydrogen.

[0037] A third aspect of the present invention provides an electrically heated hydrogen desorption system, comprising:

[0038] The above-mentioned solid hydrogen storage containers;

[0039] Hydrogen release pipeline, which is used to connect the solid hydrogen storage and release container to the gas-using component;

[0040] The hydrogen release pipeline is equipped with a third vacuum port and a third argon gas inlet. The third vacuum port is equipped with a tenth valve, and the third argon gas inlet is equipped with an eleventh valve.

[0041] In some embodiments, the interfaces of the first valve and the second valve are the same, and the hydrogen release pipeline is configured to be detachable when connected to the first valve or the second valve, so as to facilitate the separation of the hydrogen release pipeline from the solid hydrogen storage container.

[0042] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention provides a design scheme for a solid-state hydrogen storage container. This scheme utilizes the thermal conductivity of hydrogen to enhance heat exchange through a forced circulation system, thereby increasing the hydrogen charging rate. Simultaneously, it leverages the advantages of electric heating—small size, simple structure, and low heat loss from internal heating—to increase the hydrogen discharging rate. This simplifies the heat exchange structure of the hydrogen storage and discharging container, reduces complex air duct design, saves materials required for the air ducts, and shrinks the reactor volume, thereby increasing the hydrogen storage density of the entire mobile device.

[0043] In addition, the solution also includes a leak detection device that can provide timely warnings when a leak occurs in the system, thereby reducing the probability of dangerous accidents. Attached Figure Description

[0044] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a forced circulation heat exchange hydrogen charging system provided in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an electrically heated hydrogen release system provided in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a solid hydrogen storage container provided in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the solid hydrogen storage container.

[0048] The meanings of the reference numerals in the above figures are as follows:

[0049] 100 Solid-state hydrogen storage containers

[0050] 110 First cavity

[0051] 111 First Filter

[0052] 120 Second cavity

[0053] 121 Second Filter

[0054] 130 Third cavity

[0055] 131 Solid-state hydrogen storage materials

[0056] 132 Enhanced air perforations

[0057] 141 Hydrogen Inlet and Outlet

[0058] 142 Hydrogen Inlet and Outlet

[0059] 151 Electric heating rod sleeve

[0060] 152 Electric heating rod

[0061] 161 Hydrogen storage container ball valve

[0062] 162 Hydrogen storage container ball valve

[0063] 170 insulation layer

[0064] 211 Vacuum Ball Valve

[0065] 212 Argon Inlet Ball Valve

[0066] 213 Hydrogen Inlet Ball Valve

[0067] 221 Vacuum Ball Valve

[0068] 222 Argon Inlet Ball Valve

[0069] 223 Hydrogen outlet ball valve

[0070] 230 heat exchanger

[0071] 231 Cooling medium inlet ball valve

[0072] 232 Cooling medium outlet ball valve

[0073] 240 Hydrogen Circulation Fan

[0074] 251 Check Valve

[0075] 261 Hydrogen main inlet ball valve

[0076] 271 Temperature Transmitter

[0077] 272 Temperature Transmitter

[0078] 281 Hydrogen Detector

[0079] 291 Pressure Transmitter

[0080] 292 Pressure Transmitter

[0081] 311 Vacuum Ball Valve

[0082] 312 Argon Inlet Ball Valve

[0083] 313 Hydrogen outlet ball valve Detailed Implementation

[0084] The terms "first," "second," and similar words used in this specification and claims do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. The terms "an" or "a" and similar words do not indicate a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the presence of at least one. In the description of this patent, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0085] In the description of this patent, words such as "comprising" or "having" mean that the elements or objects preceding "comprising" or "having" cover the elements or objects listed after "comprising" or "having" and their equivalents, and do not exclude other elements or objects.

[0086] In the description of this patent, when an element is referred to as being "fixed to / mounted on (or similarly)" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be intervening elements. When an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be intervening elements. Conversely, when an element is referred to as being "directly on" another element, there are no intervening elements.

[0087] In the description of this patent, the terms "front", "rear", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "horizontal", "horizontal", "vertical", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this patent and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this patent.

[0088] This invention provides a solid-state hydrogen storage and release system with forced circulation heat exchange for hydrogen filling and electric heating for hydrogen release. It comprises an electrically heated solid-state hydrogen storage and release container, a forced circulation heat exchange hydrogen filling pipeline system, and a hydrogen release pipeline. This system utilizes the thermal conductivity of hydrogen to enhance heat exchange through forced circulation, equalizing the temperature field within the solid-state hydrogen storage and release container, accelerating heat dissipation from the solid-state hydrogen storage and release material, and increasing the hydrogen filling speed. Simultaneously, it leverages the advantages of electric heating—small size, simple structure, and low internal heating heat loss—to increase the hydrogen release speed, simplify the heat exchange structure of the hydrogen storage and release container, reduce its volume, and thus increase the hydrogen storage density of the entire mobile device. Furthermore, the system is designed with a leak detection device that can provide timely warnings in the event of a hydrogen leak, thereby reducing the probability of dangerous accidents.

[0089] Figure 1 The diagram shows a forced circulation heat exchange hydrogen charging pipeline system provided by this invention connected to an electrically heated solid hydrogen storage container, thus forming the entire hydrogen charging system. The hydrogen charging system includes a circulation pipeline, and connected in series within the circulation pipeline are a solid hydrogen storage container 100, a heat exchanger 230, a hydrogen circulation fan 240, a check valve 251, multiple ball valves, and devices for pressure detection, temperature detection, and hydrogen detection. During hydrogen charging, hydrogen circulation balances the temperature field within the solid hydrogen storage container 100, removes the reaction heat generated during hydrogen charging, and accelerates the charging speed.

[0090] The internal structure of the solid hydrogen storage container 100 is as follows: Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown. The solid hydrogen storage container 100 provided by this invention is specially designed, unlike existing solid hydrogen storage containers, thereby minimizing manufacturing costs and improving economic efficiency. The outer shell of the solid hydrogen storage container 100 does not require additional air duct design; it only needs to be insulated using mature insulation technology: the outer surface of the solid hydrogen storage container 100 is wrapped with an insulation layer 170, as shown. Figure 3 As shown. Pressure gauges (or pressure transmitters), temperature gauges (or temperature transmitters), safety valves, and other accessories can be added to the solid hydrogen storage container 100.

[0091] The solid hydrogen storage container 100 is a cylindrical container with curved ends. A hydrogen inlet / outlet 141 is located at the first end of the container. Figure 3 As shown in the diagram, the hydrogen inlet / outlet 141 can serve as both a hydrogen inlet and an outlet. A hydrogen storage container ball valve 161 is installed on the hydrogen inlet / outlet 141, as shown in the diagram. Figure 1 As shown in the diagram. Correspondingly, a hydrogen inlet / outlet 142 is provided at the second end of the container. The hydrogen inlet / outlet 142 can serve as both a hydrogen inlet and an outlet. A hydrogen storage / discharge container ball valve 162 is provided on the hydrogen inlet / outlet 142. The hydrogen storage / discharge container ball valve 161 and the hydrogen storage / discharge container ball valve 162 can also be replaced by shut-off valves. The above valves can be manual valves, pneumatic valves, or solenoid valves.

[0092] A first filter 111 is disposed inside the solid hydrogen storage container 100 near its first end. The first filter 111 extends radially along the container body to the inner wall of the container body, such as... Figure 3 As shown. Correspondingly, a second filter 112 is provided near its second end, extending radially along the container body to the inner wall of the container body. The entire interior of the container body is thus divided into three parts by the first filter 111 and the second filter 112: a first cavity 110, a second cavity 120, and a third cavity 130. The first cavity 110 and the second cavity 120 are hollow, serving as areas for hydrogen flow. The third cavity 130 occupies most of the volume within the container body and is used to fill solid hydrogen storage material. Solid hydrogen storage material is typically in powder form and has good permeability. The function of the first filter 111 and the second filter 112 is to prevent solid hydrogen storage material from overflowing from the third cavity 130 and entering the circulation pipeline system.

[0093] like Figure 4As shown, the solid hydrogen storage material 131 has multiple enhanced permeability channels 132 arranged along the axial direction of the container body to allow hydrogen to pass through quickly, reducing flow resistance during hydrogen circulation and enhancing hydrogen permeability during charging and discharging. Figure 4 As shown, the third cavity 130 has a total of 20 enhanced ventilatory channels 132 evenly distributed, all of which are parallel to the axis of the solid hydrogen storage container 100, and each enhanced ventilatory channel 132 is hollow inside. The number and arrangement of the enhanced ventilatory channels 132 can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0094] During hydrogenation, hydrogen gas enters the first cavity 110 through the hydrogen inlet / outlet 141 and then passes through the first filter 111. A portion of the hydrogen slowly diffuses and reacts fully with the solid hydrogen storage material 131, releasing heat in the process; this portion of hydrogen serves as the reaction feedstock. Another portion of the hydrogen, after passing through the first filter 111, directly enters the enhanced permeability channel 132 and flows rapidly, carrying away the heat generated by the reaction between the hydrogen and the solid hydrogen storage material 131. At this time, the hydrogen flowing within the enhanced permeability channel 132 acts as a cooling medium, which is a unique feature of this invention.

[0095] The hydrogen gas, acting as a cooling medium, passes through the first filter 112 to the second chamber 120, then converges at the hydrogen inlet / outlet 142 and flows through the heat exchanger 230 via a circulation pipeline. The cooling medium flows into the heat exchanger 230 from the cooling medium inlet 231 and out from the cooling medium outlet 232, exchanging heat with the hydrogen gas simultaneously flowing through the heat exchanger 240, thus lowering the hydrogen's temperature. Temperature transmitters 271 and 272 are respectively installed upstream and downstream of the heat exchanger 230 to monitor the temperature changes of the hydrogen gas flow in real time. This information is provided to the control module (not shown in the figure) as control parameters for the smooth operation of the entire forced circulation heat exchange hydrogen charging pipeline system. Temperature transmitters 271 and 272 can be replaced by thermocouples or thermometers. The heat exchanger 230 also includes a hydrogen detector 281 to detect any internal hydrogen leaks.

[0096] A hydrogen circulation fan 240 is installed on the hydrogen charging circulation pipeline to create a pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the solid hydrogen storage container 100, thereby driving the hydrogen circulation. A heat exchanger 230 cools the circulating hydrogen, which reduces the temperature resistance requirement of the hydrogen circulation fan 240, lowers costs, and increases service life; therefore, the heat exchanger 230 is located upstream of the hydrogen circulation fan 240. After passing through the hydrogen circulation fan 240, the hydrogen, acting as a cooling medium, re-flows into the solid hydrogen storage container 100. During this second inflow, a portion of the hydrogen reacts with the solid hydrogen storage material 131 as a reactant, achieving hydrogen charging; the other portion continues to act as a cooling medium, cooling the solid hydrogen storage material 131. Pressure transmitters 291 and 292 are installed upstream and downstream of the hydrogen circulation fan 240, respectively, to monitor the hydrogen flow pressure in real time. Pressure transmitters 291 and 292 can be replaced by pressure gauges.

[0097] As hydrogen is continuously absorbed by the solid hydrogen storage material 131, the amount of hydrogen in the circulation pipeline gradually decreases, and the hydrogen pressure drops. Hydrogen is continuously replenished into the hydrogen charging circulation pipeline through the main hydrogen inlet ball valve 261 to maintain the hydrogen pressure balance. A check valve 251 is installed on the hydrogen charging circulation pipeline between the main hydrogen inlet ball valve 261 and the hydrogen inlet ball valve 231, so that hydrogen cannot flow back to the hydrogen circulation fan 240, but can only flow into the solid hydrogen storage container 100 in one direction.

[0098] Both hydrogen storage and discharge container ball valves 161 and 162 are detachably connected to the hydrogen filling pipeline system, which can be via flange or compression fitting. After the solid hydrogen storage and discharge container 100 is filled with hydrogen, closing ball valves 161 and 162 disconnects them, allowing the solid hydrogen storage and discharge container 100, along with the two ball valves, to be removed from the hydrogen filling pipeline system. The forced circulation heat exchange hydrogen filling pipeline system remains at the hydrogen supply end, requiring only the transport of the solid hydrogen storage and discharge container 100, thereby reducing fuel consumption of the transport vehicle and saving transportation costs.

[0099] After the solid hydrogen storage container 100 is removed from the hydrogen charging and circulation pipeline system, air inevitably enters the circulation pipeline. The next time the solid hydrogen storage container 100 is connected, the air in the circulation pipeline must be completely purged before officially starting hydrogen charging; otherwise, contact between hydrogen and oxygen may cause a hazard. Therefore, a gas purification assembly is installed in both the upstream and downstream circulation pipelines connected to the solid hydrogen storage container 100. Each gas purification device includes a shut-off valve, an inert gas valve, and a vacuum valve. Figure 1As shown, the gas purification components upstream of the solid hydrogen storage container 100 include a vacuum ball valve 211, an argon inlet ball valve 212, and a hydrogen inlet ball valve 213; the gas purification components downstream of the solid hydrogen storage container 100 include a vacuum ball valve 221, an argon inlet ball valve 222, and a hydrogen outlet ball valve 223.

[0100] After the solid hydrogen storage container 100 is filled with hydrogen, before removing the hydrogen storage container ball valves 161 and 162, ensure that both the hydrogen inlet ball valve 213 and the hydrogen outlet ball valve 223 are closed. This ensures that air will only enter the two short sections of pipeline from the hydrogen inlet ball valve 213 to the hydrogen outlet ball valve 223. When refilling with hydrogen, first connect the hydrogen storage container ball valves 161 and 162 to the circulation pipeline and close them. This confines the air to the first pipeline section between the hydrogen inlet ball valve 213 and the hydrogen storage container ball valve 161, and the second pipeline section between the hydrogen storage container ball valve 162 and the hydrogen outlet ball valve 223. Without the obstruction of the hydrogen inlet ball valves 213 and 223, air would enter the entire hydrogen filling circulation pipeline system, requiring purification of the entire system and making the operation more time-consuming and labor-intensive.

[0101] Multiple electric heating components are provided within the solid hydrogen storage material 131. Figure 4 The diagram shows eight electric heating components, each consisting of an electric heating rod sleeve 151 and an electric heating rod 152. The electric heating rod sleeves 151 are evenly distributed within the solid hydrogen storage material 131, all parallel to the axis of the solid hydrogen storage container 100. Each electric heating rod sleeve 151 houses one electric heating rod 152. During hydrogen release, heat is supplied through the electric heating rods 152 to provide the necessary heat for hydrogen release from the solid hydrogen storage material 131. The number of electric heating components can be adjusted according to actual needs; the electric heating rod components can be arranged in... Figure 4 The arrangement shown can also be arranged in an equilateral triangle or a square.

[0102] When discharging hydrogen from the solid hydrogen storage container 100, connect it to the hydrogen discharge pipeline system, such as... Figure 2 As shown. Because electric heating is used, the hydrogen release pipeline system is much simpler in structure than the hydrogen filling and circulation pipeline system. The connection point of the hydrogen release pipeline is exposed to air; this air needs to be purged before releasing hydrogen, similar to the second pipeline section of the hydrogen filling and circulation pipeline system described above (the pipeline and valves between the hydrogen storage / release container ball valve 162 and the hydrogen outlet ball valve 223). The hydrogen release pipeline system includes a vacuum port and valves, an argon inlet and valves, a shut-off valve, and connecting pipelines. A vacuum ball valve 311 is installed at the vacuum port, an argon inlet ball valve 312 is installed at the argon inlet, and a hydrogen outlet ball valve 313 is used as the shut-off valve. Figure 2 As shown in the image.

[0103] During hydrogen charging, the solid hydrogen storage container 100 is connected to the hydrogen charging forced circulation heat exchange pipeline system. During the charging process, hydrogen gas cools the solid hydrogen storage material, thereby accelerating the hydrogen absorption rate of the storage material. The method of using the solid hydrogen storage system provided by this invention during hydrogen charging includes the following steps:

[0104] Step 1.1: Connect the solid hydrogen storage container 100 to the hydrogen charging and circulation pipeline system, and confirm that the hydrogen inlet ball valve 213 and the hydrogen outlet ball valve 223 are closed.

[0105] Step 1.2: Open vacuum ball valve 211 and vacuum ball valve 221 respectively, and evacuate the pipeline between hydrogen inlet ball valve 213 and hydrogen storage container ball valve 161, and the pipeline between hydrogen storage container ball valve 162 and hydrogen outlet ball valve 223 to the ultimate vacuum. Then close vacuum ball valve 211 and vacuum ball valve 221.

[0106] Step 1.3: Open the cooling medium inlet ball valve 231 and the cooling medium outlet ball valve 232 to supply cooling medium to the heat exchanger 230.

[0107] Step 1.4: Open the main hydrogen inlet ball valve 261, the hydrogen inlet ball valve 213, the hydrogen storage container ball valve 161, the hydrogen storage container ball valve 162, and the hydrogen outlet ball valve 223 to charge the solid hydrogen storage container 100 with hydrogen to the rated pressure. Preferably, the rated pressure is 1.2 MPa.

[0108] Step 1.5: Start the hydrogen circulation fan 240 to cause the hydrogen to flow in the solid hydrogen storage container 100, equalize the temperature field in the solid hydrogen storage container 100, and use the circulating hydrogen to carry away the reaction heat released by the solid hydrogen storage material 131, thereby increasing its hydrogen absorption rate.

[0109] Step 1.6: After hydrogen charging is completed, first close the main hydrogen inlet ball valve 261, then close the hydrogen inlet ball valve 213, hydrogen storage container ball valve 161, hydrogen storage container ball valve 162, and hydrogen outlet ball valve 223. Open the vacuum ball valve 211 and vacuum ball valve 221 respectively to depressurize the pipeline between the hydrogen inlet ball valve 213 and the hydrogen storage container ball valve 161, and the pipeline between the hydrogen storage container ball valve 162 and the hydrogen outlet ball valve 223 to atmospheric pressure. Then, evacuate both of the above pipelines to the ultimate vacuum.

[0110] Step 1.7: Open argon inlet ball valve 212 and argon inlet ball valve 222 respectively. Fill the pipeline between hydrogen inlet ball valve 213 and hydrogen storage container ball valve 161, and the pipeline between hydrogen storage container ball valve 162 and hydrogen outlet ball valve 223 with argon gas to a pressure slightly higher than atmospheric pressure. Then open vacuum ball valve 211 and vacuum ball valve 221 respectively to release pressure to atmospheric pressure. Finally, close vacuum ball valve 211 and vacuum ball valve 221.

[0111] Step 1.8: Disconnect and remove the solid hydrogen storage container 100, along with the hydrogen storage container ball valve 161 and the hydrogen storage container ball valve 162, from the hydrogen charging circulation pipeline system.

[0112] During hydrogen release, the electrically heated forced circulation solid hydrogen storage and release container and the hydrogen release pipeline system are connected together, and an electric heating rod 152 provides the heat required for hydrogen release to the solid hydrogen storage and release material 131. The method of using the solid hydrogen storage and release system provided by this invention during hydrogen release is as follows:

[0113] Step 2.1: Confirm that the argon inlet ball valve 312 and the hydrogen outlet ball valve 313 are closed, and connect the solid hydrogen storage container 100 to the hydrogen release pipeline system.

[0114] Step 2.2: Open the vacuum ball valve 311, evacuate the pipeline between the hydrogen storage container ball valve 162 and the hydrogen outlet ball valve 313 to the ultimate vacuum, and then close the vacuum ball valve 311.

[0115] Step 2.3: Open the ball valve 162 of the hydrogen storage container and the ball valve 313 of the hydrogen outlet to connect the solid hydrogen storage container 100 and the hydrogen discharge pipeline.

[0116] Step 2.4: Start the electric heating rod 152 to begin heating and releasing hydrogen from the solid hydrogen storage material 131.

[0117] Step 2.5: After hydrogen release is complete, close the hydrogen storage and release container ball valve 162 and the hydrogen outlet ball valve 313, open the vacuum ball valve 311, depressurize the pipeline between the hydrogen storage and release container ball valve 162 and the hydrogen outlet ball valve 313 to atmospheric pressure, then evacuate to the ultimate vacuum, and finally close the vacuum ball valve 311.

[0118] Step 2.6: Open the argon inlet ball valve 312, fill the pipeline between the hydrogen storage container ball valve 162 and the hydrogen outlet ball valve 313 with argon gas to a pressure slightly higher than atmospheric pressure, then open the vacuum ball valve 311 to release the pressure to atmospheric pressure, and finally close the vacuum ball valve 311.

[0119] Step 2.7: Disconnect the solid hydrogen storage container 100, along with the hydrogen storage container ball valve 161 and the hydrogen storage container ball valve 162, from the hydrogen release circulation pipeline system.

[0120] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make numerous modifications and variations based on the concept of the present invention without creative effort. Therefore, all technical solutions that can be obtained by those skilled in the art based on the concept of the present invention through logical analysis, reasoning, or limited experimentation on the basis of existing technology should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A solid hydrogen storage container, characterized in that, include: Container body; The first hydrogen inlet and outlet are located at the first end of the container body; A first valve is located at the first hydrogen inlet and outlet; The second hydrogen inlet and outlet are located at the second end of the container body; The second valve is located at the second hydrogen inlet and outlet; A first filter screen is disposed inside the container body and near the first end; the first filter screen extends radially along the container body to the inner wall of the container body, thereby forming a first cavity inside the container body; A second filter screen is disposed inside the container body and near the second end; the second filter screen extends radially along the container body to the inner wall of the container body, thereby forming a second cavity inside the container body; The portion of the container body located between the first cavity and the second cavity is a third cavity, which is used to contain solid hydrogen storage material; The solid hydrogen storage material is provided with a plurality of enhanced air permeability channels, which are arranged along the axial direction of the container body; When hydrogen is added to the solid hydrogen storage container, hydrogen enters the first cavity from the first hydrogen inlet and outlet and then passes through the first filter. Part of the hydrogen slowly diffuses in the third cavity and reacts fully with the solid hydrogen storage material to release heat. Another part of the hydrogen passes through the first filter and directly enters the enhanced permeability channel and flows rapidly, carrying away the heat. This part of the hydrogen plays a cooling role.

2. A solid-state hydrogen storage container according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plurality of the enhanced permeability channels are uniformly distributed within the solid hydrogen storage material and arranged parallel to each other along the axial direction of the container body.

3. A solid-state hydrogen storage container according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Multiple electric heating rod sleeves are disposed within the solid hydrogen storage material; Multiple electric heating rods, each of the electric heating rod sleeves is equipped with one of the electric heating rods; The insulation layer covers the entire outer wall of the container body.

4. A forced circulation heat exchange hydrogen charging system, characterized in that, include: Solid-state hydrogen storage and discharging container according to claim 1 or 2; The hydrogen charging circulation pipeline is connected at both ends to the first valve and the second valve, respectively. The main hydrogen inlet is located on the hydrogen charging circulation pipeline and is equipped with a third valve; A check valve is installed on the hydrogen charging circulation pipeline and near the main hydrogen inlet; A hydrogen circulation fan is installed on the hydrogen charging circulation pipeline to circulate hydrogen within the hydrogen charging circulation pipeline. A heat exchanger is installed on the hydrogen charging circulation line and located upstream of the hydrogen circulation fan.

5. The forced circulation heat exchange hydrogen charging system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The hydrogen charging circulation pipeline is detachably connected to both the first valve and the second valve, so that the solid hydrogen storage container can be removed from the hydrogen charging circulation pipeline.

6. The forced circulation heat exchange hydrogen charging system according to claim 5, characterized in that, A first vacuum port and a first argon inlet are provided near the first valve on the hydrogen charging circulation pipeline. A fourth valve is provided at the first vacuum port, and a fifth valve is provided at the first argon inlet. A second vacuum port and a second argon gas inlet are provided near the second valve on the hydrogen charging circulation pipeline. A sixth valve is provided at the second vacuum port, and a seventh valve is provided at the second argon gas inlet.

7. The forced circulation heat exchange hydrogen charging system according to claim 6, characterized in that, An eighth valve is provided on the hydrogen charging circulation pipeline. The eighth valve is configured such that the eighth valve is close to the first valve, and the first vacuum port and the first argon inlet are located between the eighth valve and the first valve. A ninth valve is provided on the hydrogen charging circulation pipeline. The ninth valve is configured such that the ninth valve is close to the second valve, and the second vacuum port and the second argon inlet are located between the ninth valve and the second valve.

8. The forced circulation heat exchange hydrogen charging system according to claim 4, characterized in that, Also includes: A first pressure measuring device and a second pressure measuring device are respectively installed upstream and downstream of the hydrogen circulation fan to measure the pressure of hydrogen. A first temperature measuring device and a second temperature measuring device are respectively installed upstream and downstream of the heat exchanger to measure the temperature of hydrogen gas.

9. An electrically heated hydrogen release system, characterized in that, include: Solid-state hydrogen storage and discharging container according to claim 1 or 2; A hydrogen release pipeline is used to connect the solid hydrogen storage and release container to the gas-using component; The hydrogen release pipeline is provided with a third vacuum port and a third argon gas inlet. A tenth valve is provided at the third vacuum port and an eleventh valve is provided at the third argon gas inlet.

10. The electrically heated hydrogen release system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The first valve and the second valve have the same interface. The hydrogen release pipeline is configured to be detachable when connected to the first valve or the second valve, so as to facilitate the separation of the hydrogen release pipeline from the solid hydrogen storage container.

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