A device for preventing and controlling crop diseases and insect pests by microwave

Abstract

The application discloses a device for preventing and controlling crop diseases and insect pests by microwaves, which comprises a rack, a microwave source, a microwave processing cavity, a waveguide, a lifting adjusting mechanism, a steering adjusting structure and travelling wheels. The microwave processing cavity is composed of one microwave reaction cavity and four microwave suppression cavities; two microwave suppression cavities are arranged at the front and rear ends of the microwave reaction cavity respectively, and the top of the microwave reaction cavity is provided with a microwave feed port. A suppressor is arranged in the microwave suppression cavity; the suppressor comprises a chain arranged above the microwave suppression cavity, a chain gear for driving the chain to move in a circumferential direction, a suppressor control motor and a suppression plate suspended on the chain. The device utilizes the thermal effect and biological effect of microwaves to kill diseases, insect pests and weeds of crops, and can directly kill the diseases, insect pests and weeds inside the crops, thereby effectively reducing the diseases and insect pests of crops and improving the yield of crops, and meanwhile, the device is non-toxic, non-residual and does not produce drug resistance; and the four groups of suppressors arranged in front of and behind the microwave reaction cavity can prevent microwave leakage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of microwave pest and disease control technology, and specifically relates to a device for microwave control of crop pests and diseases. Background Technology

[0002] The history of crop disease and pest control can be traced back to ancient agricultural civilizations. Early farmers accumulated rich experience in crop disease and pest management through observation and practice, including agricultural management measures such as selecting disease-resistant varieties, crop rotation, intercropping, and deep plowing. However, these traditional control methods often had limited effectiveness and were difficult to cope with the complex and ever-changing problems of diseases and pests.

[0003] With the advancement of science and technology, crop pest and disease control techniques have developed rapidly. Especially since the 19th century, the invention and application of chemical pesticides have greatly improved the effectiveness of crop pest and disease control. Chemical pesticides, with their high efficiency, rapid action, and broad spectrum, are widely used in agricultural production. However, the long-term use of chemical pesticides has also brought a series of problems. For example, chemical agents are toxic to organisms and difficult to biodegrade, remaining in the soil for extended periods, causing serious environmental pollution and severely deteriorating soil properties. Even more worrying is that with the increasing resistance of pathogens and pests to pesticides, it is necessary to increase the dosage of pesticides, further exacerbating the safety risks to people's lives and health.

[0004] To address these problems, people began exploring more environmentally friendly and safer methods for controlling crop diseases and pests. Since the 1960s, new control technologies such as biological control, physical control, and agricultural ecological engineering have gradually emerged, providing new ideas and methods for controlling crop diseases and pests.

[0005] Biological control is a method of controlling crop diseases and pests by utilizing natural factors such as natural enemies and microorganisms. Common biological control methods include the introduction and utilization of natural enemy insects and the application of microbial agents. Biological control has advantages such as safety, environmental friendliness, and sustainability, but its effectiveness is often affected by factors such as environmental conditions and the number of natural enemy insects.

[0006] Physical control is a method of controlling crop diseases and pests using physical factors. Common physical control methods include: establishing isolation zones, using traps, and temperature control. Physical control has the advantages of being simple, easy to implement, and pollution-free, but its effectiveness is often affected by factors such as crop type and the type of disease or pest.

[0007] Agricultural pest control is a method of preventing and controlling crop diseases and pests by improving agricultural management practices. Common agricultural pest control methods include intercropping and crop rotation, rational fertilization, and timely removal of sources of disease and pests. Agricultural pest control has advantages such as low cost and simple operation, but its effectiveness is often affected by factors such as crop type and planting pattern.

[0008] In recent years, microwave technology has been increasingly used in agriculture, particularly in the prevention and control of crop diseases and pests, demonstrating its enormous potential. Microwave technology can not only help agricultural technicians detect crop quality and yield through non-destructive testing, but it can also be used in sensor systems to monitor important information such as climate conditions, and for pest control through microwave heating.

[0009] Microwave heating for pest control is a method that utilizes the electromagnetic energy of microwaves to convert into heat energy, thereby heating and killing pests. Microwave heating is faster and more efficient than conventional electromagnetic wave heating because microwaves have a longer wavelength and higher frequency than visible light. Microwave heating of soil has successfully killed pests; by adjusting the microwave space with a special antenna to increase the amplitude, sufficient temperature can be reached to eradicate the pests. Research has been conducted on the application of microwave technology, yielding certain results. For example, Chinese patent application number 202410463013.6 discloses a greenhouse microwave irradiation soil disinfection device, comprising: a frame for mounting various components of the soil disinfection device; a generator mounted on the frame for providing power or electricity; a self-propelled tracked chassis mounted on both sides of the bottom of the frame to control the frame's forward movement; a microwave frequency converter power supply mounted on the front of the frame to output microwaves by adjusting the voltage; and a microwave irradiation unit matrix mounted on the front of the microwave frequency converter power supply, serving as the microwave output device. This device can be used for microwave disinfection of soil within a tillage depth of 0-20cm. It is pollution-free after application and is used for the prevention and control of soil diseases, pests, and weeds in continuous cropping greenhouses. It has positive effects on the inactivation of soil pathogens, improvement of soil quality, enhancement of soil nutrients, some soil physicochemical indicators, and improvement of soil microbial communities. Cultivation can be carried out shortly after irradiation, and the self-propelled chassis can avoid microwave radiation exposure to operators.

[0010] For example, Chinese patent application number 202310512416.0 discloses a microwave weeding and sterilization device, including a microwave device for radiating microwaves outwards; and a motion device for moving the microwave device; the microwave device includes a microwave oscillator for converting electrical energy into microwave energy and a connecting waveguide connected to the microwave oscillator; the connecting waveguide has a microwave radiation port for radiating microwave energy outwards; and a control device disposed on the motion device; the control device is configured to adjust the working state of the microwave device for microwave weeding and sterilization. This weeding and sterilization device can solve the problem of high pesticide residue hazards during the weeding and sterilization process.

[0011] For example, Chinese patent application number 201410062656.6 discloses a lifting microwave soil treatment device, which consists of a microwave generating and radiating device, a lifting device, and a vehicle body. The microwave generating and radiating device comprises a magnetron, a transformer, and a coaxial tube, which generates microwaves and radiates them into the soil. The lifting device raises and lowers the microwave generating and radiating device. During operation, the lifting device inserts the coaxial tube into the soil to act on it; when not in operation, the lifting device raises the microwave generating and radiating device. This device is simple and convenient to operate and can be used to treat soil in cultivation troughs in greenhouses and sheds. After treatment, it can sterilize the soil, kill insects, and prevent soil-borne diseases.

[0012] The above technologies have, to some extent, enabled the application of microwave technology in the prevention and control of crop diseases and pests. However, there are still some shortcomings in actual use. For example, they are mainly used to kill diseases and pests in the soil and are suitable for soil disinfection before planting. They cannot disinfect diseases and pests that have already occurred in crops. Summary of the Invention

[0013] The purpose of this invention is to provide a microwave device for controlling crop diseases and pests. This device utilizes the thermal and biological effects of microwaves to kill crop diseases, pests, and weeds, and can even directly kill diseases and pests inside the crop, effectively reducing crop diseases and pests, increasing crop yield, while being non-toxic, residue-free, and not inducing drug resistance.

[0014] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0015] A microwave device for controlling crop diseases and pests, comprising:

[0016] A frame is used to support and mount the components of the entire device.

[0017] A microwave source, fixedly mounted on a rack, is used to generate microwaves of the required frequency, power, and duration according to control commands.

[0018] Two microwave processing cavities are provided and fixedly installed on both sides of the frame to sterilize crops with microwaves while preventing microwave leakage. In a preferred embodiment, the microwave processing cavity is a hollow square chamber composed of a left side plate, a right side plate, and a top plate, which facilitates the entry and exit of crops. The constituent plates of the microwave processing cavity are made of microwave-insulating materials, such as conductive fabrics, shielding cloths, metal foils, electromagnetic wave absorbing materials, ferromagnetic materials, etc.

[0019] A waveguide, with a microwave source and a microwave processing cavity connected at its two ends, is used to conduct microwaves generated by the microwave source to the microwave processing cavity.

[0020] A lifting and adjusting mechanism, installed below the frame, is used to adjust the overall height of the device according to the height of the crops, ensuring that the microwave processing cavity matches the height of the crops. In a preferred embodiment, the lifting and adjusting mechanism can be an electro-hydraulic lifting rod, whose lifting state is controlled by a lower-level control system. In another preferred embodiment, the lifting and adjusting mechanism includes a gear, a rack, and a lifting and adjusting motor. The gear is mounted on the output shaft of the lifting and adjusting motor, and the gear meshes with the rack. The lifting and adjusting motor's operating state controls the raising or lowering of the frame.

[0021] A steering adjustment structure, installed at the bottom of the lifting adjustment mechanism, is used to enable the entire device to rotate 360°, improving its steering and adaptability on the field. In a preferred embodiment, the steering adjustment structure mainly consists of a steering bearing, a steering bracket, a steering motor, and a gear set. The steering motor is connected to the steering bearing through the gear set. The steering bracket is connected to the top shaft and two bearings at the bottom of the rack. The bearings are installed at the bottom of the rack. The driven wheel of the gear set is installed on the bracket shaft, located between the two bearings. The driving wheel of the gear set is installed on the steering motor. The rotation of the steering motor drives the gear set to rotate, thereby driving the steering adjustment structure to rotate and achieving steering adjustment.

[0022] The traveling wheels, mounted at the bottom of the steering adjustment structure, provide walking capability. In a preferred embodiment, the traveling wheels consist of a hollow shaft motor and rubber wheels.

[0023] As a further explanation of the present invention, the microwave processing cavity consists of a microwave reaction cavity and four microwave suppression cavities; two microwave suppression cavities are respectively arranged at the front and rear ends of the microwave reaction cavity, and a microwave feed port is provided at the top of the microwave reaction cavity.

[0024] The waveguide's output end is connected to the microwave feed port, and its input end is connected to the microwave source.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment, multiple microwave feed ports are provided, evenly distributed on the top of the microwave reaction cavity.

[0026] As a further explanation of the present invention, the microwave suppression cavity is provided with a suppressor; the suppressor includes a chain disposed above the microwave suppression cavity, a chain gear that drives the chain to move circumferentially, a suppressor control motor, and a suppressor plate suspended on the chain.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment, the suppressor control motor is fixedly mounted on top of the microwave suppression cavity. A chain gear is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the suppressor control motor. The chain gear meshes with the chain.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment, there are four chain gears, which are distributed and installed at the four corners of the top of the microwave suppression cavity.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment, the suppressor plates are provided in a plurality of pieces and are arranged at staggered intervals on both sides of the chain. At least half of the chain has a continuous area with suppressor plates.

[0030] As a further explanation of the present invention, a laser sensor is provided on the side of the microwave suppression cavity to identify the position of the suppression plate, providing a basis for multi-motor joint control. The laser sensor is installed on one side of the microwave suppression cavity, which is the near end, and the other side is the far end. The laser beam enters the microwave suppression cavity through a light aperture. Since the suppressor in the microwave suppression cavity has a suppression plate on at least half of the continuous area on the chain, when the suppression plate passes the near end and the far end, the distance is determined by the laser beam reflected back from the suppression plate or the crop, thereby obtaining the time it takes for the suppression plate to pass the laser sensor and thus the position of the suppression plate.

[0031] As a further explanation of the present invention, the front end of the microwave processing cavity is equipped with a binocular camera for taking pictures of crops and detecting distances, providing a basis for intelligent identification of pests and diseases and joint control of multiple motors.

[0032] As a further explanation of the present invention, the microwave-based device for controlling crop diseases and pests also includes a microwave source cooling module, mainly composed of a compressor, evaporator, condenser, water tank, and pump. Cooling water is pumped from the water tank to the microwave source cooling pipeline by the pump. The cooling water absorbs heat and cools the microwave source. After cooling, the cooling water exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the evaporator, cools down, and then returns to the water tank. The compressor carries the heat from the refrigerant in the evaporator to the condenser, where it is dissipated into the outside air by a cooling fan (air cooling) or by heat exchange between the refrigerant and water, allowing the water to absorb heat and then dissipate it through water pipes to an external cooling tower (water cooling). The cooling module is mounted on a frame and is used to cool the microwave source and prevent overheating.

[0033] As a further explanation of the present invention, the microwave control device for crop pests and diseases also includes a power supply system and an electrical control cabinet; the power supply system uses a battery pack or a diesel generator set to provide stable power to the electrical components of the entire device; the electrical control cabinet is used for the installation and power supply of switching equipment, protective electrical appliances and auxiliary equipment.

[0034] As a further explanation of the present invention, the microwave control device for crop pests and diseases also includes a control system, which is divided into a lower-level machine and a higher-level machine. The lower-level machine is installed in an electrical control cabinet and includes a main control board, motor control boards, signal transmission and reception control boards, etc., for coordinating and controlling the various components of the entire device, collecting and transmitting signals, receiving instructions from the higher-level machine, and carrying a Beidou navigation and positioning device to plan and control the operation path using Beidou navigation. The higher-level machine includes a portable laptop / tablet with a built-in operating system for remote control, for sending instructions and receiving signals collected by the lower-level machine, and for intelligent processing, monitoring and displaying the data.

[0035] The workflow of this invention:

[0036] Workers remotely control the device via a host computer control system. The host computer and slave computer communicate wirelessly to transmit control and data acquisition signals. The slave computer primarily includes intelligent crop disease identification and multi-motor joint control functions. Intelligent crop disease identification uses image signals from a binocular camera to identify diseases on the stem, branches, and leaves of the crop. Based on an existing database, it selects microwave disinfection parameters and adjusts the target microwave source parameters through the electronic control system for disinfection. Simultaneously, feedback is sent to the slave computer and uploaded to the host computer for record-keeping. In addition to automatic control for pest and disease control, workers can also remotely control the device via the host computer, manually setting process routes and parameters, marking control results, and adding them to the database for intelligent learning and optimization. The multi-motor joint control function coordinates and controls the speed and torque of each motor based on information collected from various sensors, such as crop spacing, distance between crops and equipment, suppression plate position, and BeiDou positioning, ensuring continuous operation.

[0037] Advantages of this invention:

[0038] 1. It is green, safe, and residue-free, and does not have an adverse impact on the hygiene and safety of agricultural production;

[0039] 2. Highly effective and does not induce drug resistance;

[0040] 3. It has strong penetrating power and can control pests and diseases inside crops;

[0041] 4. It can improve soil properties and increase crop yield. Attached Figure Description

[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the front view structure of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 2 This is a top view of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 3 This is a bottom view of the structure of a microwave suppressor in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the chain and suppression plate of the microwave suppressor in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the left-side structure of the microwave processing cavity in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting-steering-walking mechanism in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the working process of the microwave processing cavity in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the workflow of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the control flow according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] Reference numerals: 1-Frame, 2-Microwave source, 3-Waveguide, 4-Microwave processing cavity, 4-1-Microwave feed port, 4-2-Microwave suppression cavity I, 4-3-Microwave suppression cavity II, 4-4-Microwave reaction cavity, 4-5-Microwave suppression cavity III, 4-6-Microwave suppression cavity IV, 5-Crops, 6-Soil, 7-Lifting adjustment mechanism, 7-1-Gear and rack, 7-2-Lifting adjustment motor, 8-Steering adjustment mechanism, 8-1-Steering bearing, 8-2- Steering bracket, 8-3-Steering motor, 8-4-Gear set, 9-Walking wheel, 9-1-Hollow shaft motor, 9-2-Rubber wheel, 10-Dual-lens camera, 11-Laser sensor, 12-Microwave source cooling module, 13-Power system, 14-Electrical control cabinet, 15-Suppressor, 15-1-Chain, 15-2-Suppression plate, 15-3-Suppressor control motor, 15-4-Chain and gear, 16-Lower computer, 17-Upper computer. Detailed Implementation

[0052] The invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Example

[0053] A microwave device for controlling crop diseases and pests, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it includes:

[0054] Frame 1, used to support and mount the components of the entire device;

[0055] Microwave source 2 is fixedly installed on rack 1 and is used to generate microwaves with the required frequency, power and duration according to control commands;

[0056] Two microwave processing cavities 4 are provided and are fixedly installed on both sides of the frame 1 respectively. They are used to disinfect crops with microwaves while preventing microwave leakage.

[0057] Waveguide 3, with microwave source 2 and microwave processing cavity 4 connected at both ends respectively, is used to conduct microwaves generated by microwave source to microwave processing cavity;

[0058] The lifting and adjusting mechanism 7 is installed on both sides of the lower part of the frame 1 and is used to adjust the height of the entire device according to the height of the crops, so that the microwave processing cavity can match the height of the crops.

[0059] Steering adjustment structure 8 is installed at the bottom of lifting adjustment mechanism 7 to enable the entire device to rotate 360°, improving site steering and adaptability;

[0060] The 9-wheel drive is installed at the bottom of the steering adjustment structure to provide walking capability;

[0061] A binocular camera 10 is installed at the front end of the microwave processing cavity 4 to take pictures of crops and detect distances, providing a basis for intelligent identification of pests and diseases and multi-motor joint control.

[0062] Laser sensor 11 is installed on the side of microwave processing cavity 4 to identify the position of the suppression plate and provide a basis for multi-motor joint control;

[0063] The microwave source cooling module 12 is installed on the rack 1 and is used to cool the microwave source to prevent overheating.

[0064] Power system 13 uses battery packs or diesel generator sets to provide stable power to the electrical components of the entire device;

[0065] Electrical control cabinet 14 is used for the installation and power supply of switching equipment, protective electrical appliances and auxiliary equipment.

[0066] The host computer 16, including a portable laptop or tablet with a built-in operating system, is used for remote control, sending commands and receiving signals collected by the slave computer, as well as intelligent processing, monitoring, and display.

[0067] The lower-level machine 17 is installed in the electrical control cabinet 14 and includes a main control board, various motor control boards, signal transmission and reception control boards, etc. It is used to coordinate and control the various components of the entire device, collect and transmit signals, receive instructions from the upper-level machine, carry a Beidou navigation and positioning device, and use Beidou navigation to plan and control the operation path.

[0068] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 As shown, the microwave processing cavity 4 is a hollow square chamber composed of a left side plate, a right side plate, and a top plate, facilitating the entry and exit of crops. Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the microwave processing cavity 4 consists of one microwave reaction cavity 4-4 and four microwave suppression cavities. Two microwave suppression cavities are arranged at the front and rear ends of the microwave reaction cavity 4-4, respectively. A microwave feed port 4-1 is provided at the top of the microwave reaction cavity 4-4. The output end of the waveguide 3 is connected to the microwave feed port 4-1, and the input end is connected to the microwave source 2. Multiple microwave feed ports 4-1 are provided and are evenly distributed at the top of the microwave reaction cavity 4-4.

[0069] In this embodiment, a suppressor 15 is provided inside the microwave suppression cavity; such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the suppressor 15 includes a chain 15-1 disposed above the microwave suppression cavity, a chain gear 15-4 that drives the chain to move circumferentially, a suppressor control motor 15-3, and a suppression plate 15-2 suspended on the chain.

[0070] Furthermore, the suppressor control motor 15-3 is fixedly mounted on the top of the microwave suppression cavity. A chain gear 15-4 is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the suppressor control motor 15-3. The chain gear 15-4 meshes with the chain 15-1.

[0071] Furthermore, four chain gears 15-4 are provided, distributed and installed at the four corners of the top of the microwave suppression cavity.

[0072] Furthermore, the suppression plates 15-2 are provided in several pieces and are arranged at intervals on both sides of the chain 15-1. At least half of the continuous area of ​​the chain 15-1 is provided with suppression plates 15-2.

[0073] In this embodiment, as Figure 6 As shown, the lifting and adjusting mechanism 7 includes a gear and rack 7-1 and a lifting and adjusting motor 7-2. The gear is mounted on the output shaft of the lifting and adjusting motor and meshes with the rack; the lifting and adjusting motor controls the working state to achieve the raising or lowering of the frame.

[0074] In this embodiment, as Figure 6 As shown, the steering adjustment structure 8 mainly consists of a steering bearing 8-1, a steering bracket 8-2, a steering motor 8-3, and a gear set 8-4. The steering motor is connected to the steering bearing via the gear set. The steering bracket is connected to the top shaft and two bearings at the bottom of the rack. The bearings are mounted at the bottom of the rack. The driven wheel of the gear set is mounted on the bracket shaft, located between the two bearings. The driving wheel of the gear set is mounted on the steering motor. The rotation of the steering motor drives the gear set to rotate, thereby driving the steering adjustment structure to rotate and achieving steering adjustment.

[0075] In this embodiment, as Figure 6 As shown, the walking wheel 9 consists of a hollow shaft motor 9-1 and a rubber wheel 9-2.

[0076] like Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 As shown, the working process of the microwave control device for crop diseases and pests in this embodiment is as follows:

[0077] Workers remotely control the device via a host computer. The host and slave computers communicate wirelessly for control and data acquisition signal transmission. The slave computer primarily includes intelligent crop disease identification and multi-motor joint control functions. Intelligent crop disease identification uses image signals from a binocular camera to identify diseases on the stem, branches, and leaves of the crop. Based on an existing database, it selects microwave disinfection parameters and adjusts the target microwave source parameters through the electronic control system for disinfection. Simultaneously, the data is uploaded to the host computer for record-keeping. In addition to automatic control for pest and disease control, workers can also remotely control the device via the host computer, manually setting process routes and parameters, marking control results, and adding them to the database for intelligent learning and optimization. The multi-motor joint control function coordinates and controls the speed and torque of each motor based on information collected from various sensors, such as crop spacing, distance between crops and equipment, suppression plate position, and BeiDou positioning, ensuring continuous operation.

[0078] exist Figure 7 In the schematic diagram of the microwave suppression cavity structure, dashed lines represent areas without a suppression plate, and solid lines represent areas with a suppression plate. By detecting the crop's position using a binocular camera, and controlling the operator's forward speed and the suppressor's working position, the processing flow of the crop entering the microwave processing cavity is controlled as follows: Figure 7 As shown, regardless of the operating state, the four sets of suppressors before and after the microwave reaction cavity ensure microwave control of crop diseases and pests while effectively preventing microwave leakage.

[0079] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description; it is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations; however, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for microwave control of crop diseases and pests, characterized in that... include: A frame is used to support and mount the components of the entire device. A microwave source, fixedly mounted on a rack, is used to generate microwaves of the required frequency, power, and duration according to control commands. Two microwave processing cavities are provided, which are fixedly installed on both sides of the frame to disinfect crops with microwaves while preventing microwave leakage. A waveguide, with a microwave source and a microwave processing cavity connected at its two ends, is used to conduct microwaves generated by the microwave source to the microwave processing cavity. The lifting and adjustment mechanism, installed below the frame, is used to adjust the overall height of the device according to the height of the crops, so that the microwave processing cavity can match the height of the crops. The steering adjustment structure, installed at the bottom of the lifting adjustment mechanism, is used to enable the entire device to rotate 360°, improving its turning and adaptability on the field. The wheels, mounted at the bottom of the steering adjustment structure, provide walking capability; The microwave processing cavity consists of a microwave reaction cavity and four microwave suppression cavities; two microwave suppression cavities are arranged at the front and rear ends of the microwave reaction cavity, and a microwave feed port is provided at the top of the microwave reaction cavity; The microwave suppression cavity is equipped with a suppressor; the suppressor includes a chain positioned above the microwave suppression cavity, chain gears driving the chain to move circumferentially, a suppressor control motor, and suppression plates suspended on the chain; the suppressor control motor is fixedly installed on the top of the microwave suppression cavity; chain gears are fixedly installed on the output shaft of the suppressor control motor; the chain gears mesh with the chain; there are four chain gears, distributed at the four corners of the top of the microwave suppression cavity; several suppression plates are provided, and they are arranged at intervals on both sides of the chain; at least half of the continuous area on the chain is equipped with suppression plates; a laser sensor is provided on the side of the microwave suppression cavity to identify the position of the suppression plates and provide a basis for multi-motor joint control; the laser sensor is installed on one side of the microwave suppression cavity, which is the near end, and the other side is the far end. The laser enters the microwave suppression cavity through a light hole. Since the suppressor in the microwave suppression cavity has suppression plates in at least half of the continuous area on the chain, when the suppression plate passes the near end and the far end, the distance is determined by the laser reflected back from the suppression plate or the crop, and then the time it takes for the suppression plate to pass the laser sensor is obtained to determine the position of the suppression plate.

2. The microwave control device for crop diseases and pests according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front end of the microwave processing cavity is equipped with a binocular camera for taking pictures of crops and detecting distances, providing a basis for intelligent identification of pests and diseases and joint control of multiple motors.

3. The microwave control device for crop diseases and pests according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a microwave source cooling module, which is installed on the rack to cool the microwave source and prevent overheating.

4. The microwave control device for crop diseases and pests according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a power supply system and an electrical control cabinet; the power supply system uses a battery pack or diesel generator set to provide stable power to the electrical components of the entire device; the electrical control cabinet is used for coordinated control of the power consumption of the entire device.

5. The microwave control device for crop diseases and pests according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a lower-level machine and a higher-level machine; the lower-level machine is used to coordinate and control the various components of the entire device, collect and transmit signals, receive instructions from the higher-level machine, carry a Beidou navigation and positioning device, and use Beidou navigation to plan and control the operation path; the higher-level machine is used to send instructions and receive signals collected by the lower-level machine and process them intelligently.

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