A testing system for radial spherical plain bearings

Abstract

The present invention discloses a test system for radial spherical bearings, characterized in that it comprises: a swing drive device, a test device, a measurement and control device and a base, wherein the test device and the swing drive device are respectively mounted on the front and rear ends of the base; the test device comprises a bearing support, a transmission assembly, a bearing seat assembly, a loading assembly and a reverse loading assembly; the transmission assembly is mounted on the base through the bearing support, the transmission assembly is located on the front side of the output shaft, the bearing seat assembly is sleeved on the front end of the transmission assembly, and the loading assembly is mounted on the bearing support and located on the lower side of the bearing seat assembly. The present invention relates to the field of testing technology, and specifically, to a test system for radial spherical bearings. The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a test system for radial spherical bearings to meet the life test requirements of various types of PTFE self-lubricating spherical bearings.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of testing technology, and in particular to a testing system for a radial spherical plain bearing. Background Art

[0002] Due to its advantages of large load-bearing capacity, maintenance-free, strong impact resistance and high reliability, PTFE self-lubricating radial spherical plain bearings are increasingly widely used in cutting-edge technology fields such as aerospace, national defense and military, industrial robots, and medical equipment. Friction and wear failure is the main failure form of this type of bearing, which will lead to the removal and deformation of the self-lubricating material, thereby affecting the bearing's performance, service life and equipment operation safety. At present, the theoretical research on the wear life of self-lubricating radial spherical plain bearings is not mature, and the experimental method is the key means of its wear life research.

[0003] The standard JB / T14003-2020 "Spherical plain bearing PTFE fabric liner type self-lubricating bearing" specifies the test method for the wear life of this type of bearing. The standard requires: the tolerances of the mandrel and the loading seat hole that match the bearing should comply with the provisions of JB / T10860-2008; the bearing is installed on the test device and a radial load of 53kN is applied; during the test, the inner ring swing frequency is 70 times / min, and the rotation swing amplitude is plus or minus 30 degrees; the test is carried out continuously until the surface temperature of the bearing outer ring is ≥150℃, and the test is stopped. The running time from the start to the stop of the test is the wear life.

[0004] At present, there are many studies on radial spherical bearing life testers in China. Patent ZL201310191988.X discloses a composite swinging spherical bearing life tester, which can test radial and axial synchronous motion conditions, and can also test multiple spherical bearings to be tested at the same time, thereby improving the efficiency of life test. Patent ZL202410166512.9 discloses a radial spherical bearing wear life test system and test method, including an operating table, a swing drive module, a bearing clamping module, an axial loading module and a radial loading module, which can test pure radial load, pure axial load or composite load and other load conditions, and can meet the requirements of various inner ring swing amplitudes. Patent 201510504594.4 discloses a tail rotor helicopter tail rotor supporting combined spherical bearing life tester, which can meet the comprehensive service life test of the four-arm tail rotor supporting combined spherical bearing, and can accurately simulate the real load and real movement of each spherical bearing during operation.

[0005] There are many types of spherical plain bearings, and the wear life test procedures for different types of spherical plain bearings are not the same. The requirements for the motion, load, etc. that the test bench needs to provide are also quite different. The life test bench is usually only suitable for one or several models of a type of spherical plain bearings. At present, there is no direct report on the wear life test bench for PTFE self-lubricating radial spherical plain bearings (test procedure: JB / T14003-2020 "Spherical plain bearing PTFE fabric liner type self-lubricating bearing"). In addition, the fit between the inner ring and the core shaft, and the outer ring and the loading seat hole of the self-lubricating radial spherical plain bearing to be tested are all interference fits. It is difficult to disassemble the bearing after the test. Most existing test benches require the use of other tools or destructive disassembly, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive and can easily cause certain damage to the test bench. Thirdly, the existing test benches are usually only suitable for one or several fixed models of radial spherical plain bearings, and the scope of application is limited. Summary of the invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a testing system for radial spherical plain bearings to meet the life test requirements of various types of PTFE self-lubricating spherical plain bearings.

[0007] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions to achieve the invention objectives:

[0008] A test system for a radial spherical bearing, characterized in that it comprises: a swing drive device, a test device, a measurement and control device and a base, wherein the test device and the swing drive device are respectively mounted on the front and rear ends of the base; the test device comprises a bearing support, a transmission assembly, a bearing seat assembly, a loading assembly and a reverse loading assembly; the transmission assembly is mounted on the base through the bearing support, the transmission assembly is located on the front side of the output shaft, the bearing seat assembly is sleeved on the front end of the transmission assembly, the loading assembly is mounted on the bearing support and is located on the lower side of the bearing seat assembly; the reverse loading assembly The spherical bearing to be tested comprises a transmission main shaft, a bearing support and a spherical bearing to be tested; the transmission main shaft is in the shape of a stepped shaft with a thick middle and thin ends, and the middle part is rotatably mounted on the bearing support through two bearing supports arranged front and back, the rear end of the transmission main shaft is fixedly connected to the output end of the torque sensor of the measurement and control device through a coupling, and the spherical bearing to be tested is installed at the front end of the transmission main shaft, and an interference fit is adopted with the inner ring of the bearing; the bearing seat assembly comprises a combined bearing seat, The bearing seat cover, push bolt and stopper; the combined bearing seat is sleeved on the outside of the joint bearing to be tested; the bearing seat cover is installed on the front end of the combined bearing seat, and a threaded hole is provided in the middle part; the push bolt is threadedly connected to the threaded hole in the middle part of the bearing seat cover, and the rear end of the push bolt is in contact with the transmission main shaft; the stopper is L-shaped, and there are two of them, which are respectively installed on the bearing support and located on the left and right sides of the combined bearing seat; the loading assembly includes a hydraulic jack and a hydraulic station (not shown in the figure) used in conjunction with it, and the hydraulic jack is installed on the corresponding bearing support and located on the bearing seat The lower side of the component; the reverse loading component includes a loading bracket, a loading bearing seat, a flange nut, a handwheel, a transmission screw and a push connector; the loading bracket is a rectangular frame structure, installed on the load-bearing support, and is located in the middle of the transmission main shaft; the loading bearing seat is sleeved on the transmission main shaft and is located on the inner side of the loading bracket; the flange nut is sleeved in the mounting hole in the middle of the upper end of the loading bracket; the handwheel, the transmission screw and the push connector are fixedly connected in sequence from top to bottom, the transmission screw is threadedly connected to the flange nut hole, and the lower end of the push connector is in contact with the loading bearing seat.

[0009] As a further limitation of the present technical solution, the swing drive device includes a reduction motor, a crank assembly, an adjustable connecting rod, a rocker assembly and a stand; the reduction motor is installed on the base through the motor seat; the stand is in an inverted T shape, installed on the base, and located on the rear side of the reduction motor, and the stand is sequentially connected with the crank assembly, the adjustable connecting rod and the rocker assembly to form a crank-connecting rod mechanism; the crank assembly includes an input shaft, a crank and a connecting shaft connected in sequence; the middle part of the input shaft is rotatably installed on the upper left side of the stand through two shaft bearing seats, the front end of the input shaft is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the reduction motor through a coupling, and the rear of the input shaft The end is fixedly connected to one end of the crank through a shaft support; the crank is in the shape of a thick plate, and the other end is rotatably connected to the connecting shaft one through an optical axis support; the rocker assembly includes an output shaft, a rocker and a connecting shaft two connected in sequence; the middle part of the output shaft is rotatably installed on the upper right side of the stand through two shaft bearing seats, the front end of the output shaft is fixedly connected to the torque sensor input end of the measurement and control device through the coupling, and the rear end of the output shaft is fixedly connected to one end of the rocker through the shaft support; the rocker is in the shape of a thick plate, and the other end is rotatably connected to the connecting shaft two through an optical axis support, and the two ends of the adjustable connecting rod are respectively mounted on the connecting shaft one and the connecting shaft two.

[0010] As a further limitation of the present technical solution, the measurement and control device includes a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, the torque sensor, a wear measurement assembly and a control box; the temperature sensor is sleeved in the screw hole in the middle of the top end of the combined bearing seat; the pressure sensor is fixedly connected to the pressure sensor support and is located between the combined bearing seat and the hydraulic jack; the torque sensor is installed on the base through the torque sensor support, and the input end and output end of the torque sensor are respectively fixedly connected to the front end of the output shaft and the rear end of the transmission main shaft through the coupling; the wear measurement assembly is installed on the bearing support and is located on the front side of the transmission assembly, including a measuring support, a micrometer, a displacement support plate, a measuring base and The column, the displacement support plate is installed on the upper end of the bearing seat cover, the micrometer is provided with a, fixedly connected to the measuring support, and its measuring rod is in contact with the upper surface of the displacement support plate. During the test, the measurement result is calculated based on the average value of the indications of the micrometers. The bearing support is fixedly connected to the measuring base, and the two ends of the measuring base are respectively fixedly connected to the columns, and the two columns pass through the corresponding measuring supports respectively. The two measuring supports correspond to the corresponding columns and are respectively threaded with measuring screws; the control box is installed on the base, located on the left side of the test device, and the reduction motor, the hydraulic jack, the temperature sensor, the pressure sensor and the torque sensor are respectively electrically connected to the control box.

[0011] As a further limitation of the technical solution, the combined bearing seat includes an upper bearing seat, a lower bearing seat and fastening bolts arranged on the left and right sides thereof, the upper bearing seat and the lower bearing seat are provided with bearing holes matching the outer ring of the spherical bearing to be tested, and one side of the bearing hole is provided with a shoulder whose height is slightly less than the height of the inner ring of the spherical bearing to be tested. The fastening bolt passes through the upper bearing seat and is threadedly connected to the lower bearing seat.

[0012] As a further limitation of the present technical solution, the stop block is provided with a keyway on the side opposite to the bearing upper seat and the bearing lower seat, and the hinged hole bolts installed on the left and right sides of the bearing upper seat and the bearing lower seat can be extended into the keyway to form a moving pair with the stop block; the protrusions on the left and right sides of the pressure sensor support can also be extended into the keyway to form a moving pair with the stop block.

[0013] As a further limitation of the technical solution, the left and right ends of the upper inner side of the loading bracket are fixedly connected to guide bars, and the left and right ends of the loading bearing seat are provided with matching guide grooves to form a moving pair with the guide bars.

[0014] As a further limitation of the present technical solution, the adjustable connecting rod is composed of a double-headed screw with positive and negative threads, rod end joint bearings and nuts at both ends, and has adjustable length; the rod end joint bearings are set on the connecting shaft one and the connecting shaft two, and position fixing rings are provided on both sides of the rod end joint bearings; the connecting shaft one and the connecting shaft two are fixedly connected to the corresponding position fixing rings respectively; key grooves are provided at the front and rear end connections of the input rotating shaft and the output rotating shaft, and the connecting shaft one and the connecting shaft two are optical axes.

[0015] As a further limitation of the present technical solution, the dimensions of the crank, the adjustable connecting rod and the rocker, and the connection positions of the crank, the rocker and the stand can ensure that in the crank-connecting rod mechanism formed by the stand, the crank assembly, the adjustable connecting rod and the rocker assembly, the rocker can reciprocate within a range of ±30° centered on the vertical direction during continuous rotation of the crank.

[0016] As a further limitation of this technical solution, the following steps are included:

[0017] S1: After heating the inner ring of the spherical bearing to be tested, put it on the front end of the transmission main shaft. After proper cooling, put the combined bearing seat on the outer ring of the spherical bearing to be tested between the two stoppers, and tighten the fastening bolts;

[0018] S2: Control the reduction motor to start, so that the test bench runs for a period of time under no-load state, and stops after the test is correct;

[0019] S3: Turn the hand wheel to push the loading bearing seat downward to apply a preload to the transmission main shaft; then, control the hydraulic jack to move upward to apply a radial load to the spherical bearing to be tested through the pressure sensor and the combined bearing seat until a specified value is reached;

[0020] S4: Control the reduction motor to start; the control box monitors the operation process of the test bench, and when the surface temperature of the outer ring of the bearing detected by the temperature sensor, the friction torque of the inner and outer rings detected by the torque sensor, or the wear of the liner detected by the wear measurement component reaches a set value, the reduction motor is controlled to stop; the control box records the number of swings and the operation data of each sensor in real time;

[0021] S5: Control the hydraulic jack to move downward to unload the spherical bearing to be tested, and then rotate the hand wheel in the opposite direction to make the loading bearing seat move upward to unload the transmission spindle;

[0022] S6: rotating the push bolt to make the combined bearing seat drive the spherical bearing to be tested to slide off the transmission main shaft; then, loosening the fastening bolt to separate the spherical bearing to be tested and the combined bearing seat;

[0023] S7: Replace the spherical bearing to be tested, and repeat steps S1-S7 to complete a new round of bearing life detection operation;

[0024] S8: If it is necessary to detect other types of self-lubricating radial spherical plain bearings (the spherical plain bearings to be tested), it is necessary to replace the matching transmission main shaft, the combined bearing seat and the loading bearing seat in advance.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are:

[0026] 1. The present invention can realize the wear life measurement of PTFE self-lubricating radial spherical bearings, and can analyze the change law of liner performance by detecting data such as outer ring temperature, inner and outer ring friction torque and liner wear amount. In addition, the overall structure of the test bench is simple and economical.

[0027] 2. The spherical bearing to be tested of the present invention is easy to disassemble. The spherical bearing to be tested can be removed from the transmission main shaft by rotating the push bolt; the spherical bearing to be tested can be separated from the combined bearing seat by loosening the fastening bolts of the combined bearing seat.

[0028] 3. The process range of the present invention is wider. Only by replacing the transmission main shaft, the combined bearing seat and the loading bearing seat, the life test requirements of self-lubricating radial spherical plain bearings of different sizes and models can be achieved.

[0029] 4. The reverse loading assembly provided in the present invention can provide auxiliary support and reverse radial load for the transmission main shaft, which can effectively reduce the deformation of the transmission main shaft and the load on the front end bearing support, and improve the measurement accuracy of the friction torque of the inner and outer rings of the spherical bearing to be tested. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the swing drive device of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a partial three-dimensional structure of the swing drive device of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the test device and the measurement and control device of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the transmission component of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 6 The schematic diagram of the local three-dimensional structure of the test device and the measurement and control device of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 .

[0036] Figure 7 The local three-dimensional structure of the test device of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 .

[0037] Figure 8 The local three-dimensional structure of the test device of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 .

[0038] Fig. 9 The schematic diagram of the partial three-dimensional structure of the test device and the measurement and control device of the present invention is as follows.

[0039] In the figure: 1. swing drive device, 2. test device, 3. measurement and control device, 4. base, 11. reduction motor, 12. crank assembly, 121. input shaft, 122. crank, 123. connecting shaft one, 13. adjustable connecting rod, 131. position fixing ring, 14. rocker assembly, 141. output shaft, 142. rocker, 143. connecting shaft two, 15. stand, 16. motor seat, 17. shaft bearing seat, 18. coupling, 19. shaft support, 20. optical axis support, 21. load-bearing support, 22. transmission assembly, 221. transmission main shaft, 222. bearing support, 223. joint bearing to be tested, 23. bearing seat assembly, 231. combined bearing seat, 232. bearing seat pull cover, 233. push bolt, 234. Block, 235. Upper bearing seat, 236. Lower bearing seat, 237. Fastening bolts, 238. Reamed hole bolts, 24. Loading assembly, 241. Hydraulic jack, 25. Reverse loading assembly, 251. Loading bracket, 252. Loading bearing seat, 253. Flange nut, 254. Handwheel, 255. Drive screw, 256. Push connector, 257. Guide bar, 31. Temperature sensor, 32. Pressure sensor, 33. Torque sensor, 34. Wear measurement assembly, 341. Measuring support, 342. Micrometer, 343. Displacement support plate, 344. Measuring screw, 345. Measuring base, 346. Column, 35. Control box, 36. Pressure sensor support, 37. Torque sensor support. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] A specific implementation of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific implementation.

[0041] The present invention comprises: a swing drive device 1, a test device 2, a measurement and control device 3 and a base 4, wherein the test device 2 and the swing drive device 1 are respectively mounted on the front and rear ends of the base 4; the test device 2 comprises a bearing support 21, a transmission assembly 22, a bearing seat assembly 23, a loading assembly 24 and a reverse loading assembly 25; the transmission assembly 22 is mounted on the base 4 through the bearing support 21, the transmission assembly 22 is located on the front side of the output shaft 141, the bearing seat assembly 23 is sleeved on the front end of the transmission assembly 22, the loading assembly 24 is mounted on the bearing support 21, and is located on the lower side of the bearing seat assembly 23; the reverse loading assembly 25 is mounted on the bearing support 21, and the middle part of the transmission assembly 22 is displaced. ; The transmission assembly 22 is used to transmit the reciprocating swing of the output shaft 141 to the joint bearing 223 to be tested, and includes a transmission main shaft 221, a bearing support 222 and a joint bearing 223 to be tested; the transmission main shaft 221 is in the shape of a stepped shaft with a thick middle and thin ends, and the middle part is rotatably mounted on the bearing support 21 through two bearing supports 222 arranged in front and behind, and the rear end of the transmission main shaft 221 is fixedly connected to the output end of the torque sensor of the measurement and control device 3 through a coupling 18, and the joint bearing 223 to be tested is installed at the front end of the transmission main shaft 221, and an interference fit is adopted with the inner ring of the bearing; the bearing seat assembly 23 includes a combined bearing seat 231, a bearing seat pull cover 232, a push bolt 233 and a stopper 234; the combined shaft The bearing seat 231 is sleeved on the outside of the joint bearing 223 to be tested; the bearing seat cover 232 is installed at the front end of the combined bearing seat 231, and a threaded hole is provided in the middle thereof; the push bolt 233 is threadedly connected to the threaded hole in the middle of the bearing seat cover 232, and the rear end of the push bolt 233 is in contact with the transmission main shaft 221; the stopper 234 is L-shaped, and there are two of them, which are respectively installed on the bearing support 21 and located on the left and right sides of the combined bearing seat 231; the loading assembly 24 includes a hydraulic jack 241 and a hydraulic station (not shown in the figure) used in conjunction with it, and the hydraulic jack 241 is installed on the corresponding bearing support 21 and located on the lower side of the bearing seat assembly 23; the reverse loading assembly 25 includes a loading Bracket 251, loading bearing seat 252, flange nut 253, handwheel 254, transmission screw 255 and push connector 256; the loading bracket 251 is a rectangular frame structure, installed on the bearing support 21, and located in the middle of the transmission main shaft 221; the loading bearing seat 252 is sleeved on the transmission main shaft 221, and is located on the inner side of the loading bracket 251; the flange nut 253 is sleeved in the mounting hole in the middle of the upper end of the loading bracket 251; the handwheel 254, the transmission screw 255 and the push connector 256 are fixedly connected in sequence from top to bottom, the transmission screw 255 is threadedly connected to the hole of the flange nut 253, and the lower end of the push connector 256 is in contact with the loading bearing seat 252.

[0042] By rotating the push bolt 233 , the combined bearing seat 231 and the spherical bearing 223 to be tested can be pulled away from the transmission main shaft 221 .

[0043] The loading assembly 24 is used to provide the required radial load to the spherical bearing 223 to be tested through the combined bearing seat 231 .

[0044] The reverse loading assembly 25 is used to provide auxiliary support and reverse radial load to the transmission main shaft 221 to reduce the deformation of the transmission main shaft 221 and the load on the front end bearing support 222, and to improve the measurement accuracy of the friction torque of the inner and outer rings of the spherical bearing 223 to be tested.

[0045] By rotating the hand wheel 254 , the loading bearing seat 252 can be pushed downward through the transmission screw 255 and the push connector 256 , thereby applying a reverse radial load to the transmission main shaft 221 .

[0046] The swing drive device 1 includes a reduction motor 11, a crank assembly 12, an adjustable connecting rod 13, a rocker assembly 14 and a stand 15; the reduction motor 11 is installed on the base 4 through the motor seat 16; the stand 15 is in an inverted T shape, installed on the base 4, and is located at the rear side of the reduction motor 11. The stand 15 is sequentially connected with the crank assembly 12, the adjustable connecting rod 13 and the rocker assembly 14 to form a crank-connecting rod mechanism; the crank assembly 12 includes an input shaft 121, a crank 122 and a connecting shaft 123 connected in sequence; the middle part of the input shaft 121 is rotatably installed on the upper left side of the stand 15 through two shaft bearing seats 17, the front end of the input shaft 121 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the reduction motor 11 through a coupling 18, and the rear end of the input shaft 121 is connected to the output shaft of the reduction motor 11 through a shaft support 19 One end of the crank 122 is fixedly connected; the crank 122 is in the shape of a thick plate, and the other end thereof is rotatably connected to the connecting shaft 123 through the optical axis support 20; the rocker assembly 14 includes an output shaft 141, a rocker 142 and a connecting shaft 2 143 connected in sequence; the middle part of the output shaft 141 is rotatably mounted on the upper right side of the stand 15 through the two shaft bearing seats 17, the front end of the output shaft 141 is fixedly connected to the input end of the torque sensor 33 of the measurement and control device 3 through the coupling 18, and the rear end of the output shaft 141 is fixedly connected to one end of the rocker 142 through the shaft support 19; the rocker 142 is in the shape of a thick plate, and the other end is rotatably connected to the connecting shaft 2 143 through the optical axis support 20, and the two ends of the adjustable connecting rod 13 are respectively mounted on the connecting shaft 123 and the connecting shaft 2 143.

[0047] When the reduction motor 11 rotates, it drives the input shaft 121 to rotate, the input shaft 121 drives the crank 122 to rotate, the crank 122 drives the connecting shaft 1 123 to swing, the connecting shaft 1 123 drives the adjustable connecting rod 13 to swing, the adjustable connecting rod 13 drives the connecting shaft 2 143 and the rocker 142 to swing, and the rocker 142 drives the output shaft 141 to reciprocate.

[0048] The measurement and control device 3 includes a temperature sensor 31, a pressure sensor 32, a torque sensor 33, a wear measurement assembly 34 and a control box 35; the temperature sensor 31 is sleeved in the screw hole in the middle of the top of the combined bearing seat 231; the pressure sensor 32 is fixedly connected to the pressure sensor support 36, and is located between the combined bearing seat 231 and the hydraulic jack 241; the torque sensor 33 is installed on the base 4 through the torque sensor support 37, and the input end and the output end of the torque sensor 33 are respectively fixedly connected to the front end of the output shaft 141 and the rear end of the transmission main shaft 221 through the coupling 18; the wear measurement assembly 34 is installed on the bearing support 21, and is located on the front side of the transmission assembly 22, and includes a measuring support 341, a micrometer 342, a displacement support plate 343, a measuring base 345 and a column 346, and the displacement support The plate 343 is installed on the upper end of the bearing seat cover 232. There are two micrometers 342, which are fixedly connected to the measuring support 341. The measuring rods are in contact with the upper surface of the displacement support plate 343. During the test, the measurement result is calculated based on the average value of the indications of the two micrometers 342. The bearing support 21 is fixedly connected to the measuring base 345. The two ends of the measuring base 345 are respectively fixedly connected to the columns 346. The two columns 346 pass through the corresponding measuring supports 341 respectively. The two measuring supports 341 correspond to the corresponding columns 346 and are respectively threadedly connected to the measuring screws 344; the control box 35 is installed on the base 4 and is located on the left side of the test device 2. The reduction motor 11, the hydraulic jack 241, the temperature sensor 31, the pressure sensor 32 and the torque sensor 33 are respectively electrically connected to the control box 35.

[0049] When the output shaft 141 reciprocates, the torque sensor 33 is driven to move, and the transmission main shaft 221 is driven to reciprocate, so that the inner ring of the spherical bearing 223 to be tested rotates.

[0050] The temperature sensor 31 measures the outer surface temperature of the outer ring of the spherical bearing 223 to be tested in real time. The pressure sensor 32 is used to measure the radial load applied by the hydraulic jack 241 to the spherical bearing 223 to be tested through the combined bearing seat 231 in real time. The torque sensor 33 is used to measure the friction torque of the inner and outer rings of the spherical bearing 223 to be tested in real time and calculate the friction coefficient.

[0051] According to the model of the spherical bearing 223 to be tested, loosen the measuring screw 344, move the measuring support 341, make it move along the column 346, make the measuring rod of the micrometer 342 contact the upper surface of the displacement support plate 343, and tighten the measuring screw 344. During the test, the measurement result is calculated based on the average value of the indications of the two micrometers 342; after the liner is worn, the outer ring of the spherical bearing 223 to be tested will move upward under the action of the radial load, so the wear amount of the liner can be converted into the movement of the displacement support plate 343 through the combined bearing seat 231 and the bearing seat cover 232, and measured by the micrometer 342. The average value of the left and right measurement positions is used as the measurement result, which can effectively prevent the measurement error introduced by the torsion of the displacement support plate 343 and improve the measurement accuracy.

[0052] The control box 35 is used to control the start and stop of the system, display and analyze the measurement data, etc.

[0053] The combined bearing seat 231 includes an upper bearing seat 235, a lower bearing seat 236 and fastening bolts 237 arranged on the left and right sides thereof. The upper bearing seat 235 and the lower bearing seat 236 are provided with bearing holes matching the outer ring of the spherical bearing 223 to be tested, and a shoulder is provided on one side of the bearing hole with a height slightly smaller than the inner ring height of the spherical bearing 223 to be tested. The fastening bolts 237 pass through the upper bearing seat 235 and are threadedly connected to the lower bearing seat 236.

[0054] The stopper 234 is provided with a keyway on the side opposite to the bearing upper seat 235 and the bearing lower seat 236. The hinged hole bolts 238 installed on the left and right sides of the bearing upper seat 235 and the bearing lower seat 236 can be extended into the keyway to form a moving pair with the stopper 234; the protrusions on the left and right sides of the pressure sensor support 36 can also be extended into the keyway to form a moving pair with the stopper 234.

[0055] The spherical bearing 223 to be tested is installed in the bearing holes of the upper bearing seat 235 and the lower bearing seat 236. Figure 7 As shown, the fastening bolt 237 is rotated to enable the bearing upper seat 235 and the bearing lower seat 236 to clamp the outer ring of the spherical bearing 223 to be tested, so that the reaming hole bolt 238 moves along the keyway. After clamping the spherical bearing 223 to be tested, the reaming hole bolt 238 is tightened.

[0056] When the hydraulic jack 241 is extended or retracted, the pressure sensor support 36 is moved along the key slot.

[0057] The left and right ends of the inner upper part of the loading bracket 251 are fixedly connected to the guide bars 257 , and the left and right ends of the loading bearing seat 252 are provided with matching guide grooves to form a moving pair with the guide bars 257 .

[0058] When the loaded bearing seat 252 moves downward, it moves along the guide bar 257.

[0059] The adjustable connecting rod 13 is composed of a double-headed screw with positive and negative threads, rod end joint bearings and nuts at both ends, and has an adjustable length; the rod end joint bearings are installed on the connecting shaft 123 and the connecting shaft 2 143, and position fixing rings 131 are provided on both sides of the rod end joint bearings; the connecting shaft 123 and the connecting shaft 2 143 are respectively fixedly connected to the corresponding position fixing rings 131; the front and rear end connections of the input rotating shaft 121 and the output rotating shaft 141 are provided with keyways, and the connecting shaft 123 and the connecting shaft 2 143 are optical axes.

[0060] The length of the adjustable connecting rod 13 is adjusted according to the model of the spherical bearing 223 to be tested. The double-headed screw is driven to rotate by rotating the nut to achieve the length of the double-headed screw extending out of the rod end spherical bearing, thereby achieving the length adjustment of the adjustable connecting rod 13.

[0061] The structural dimensions of the crank 122, the adjustable connecting rod 13 and the rocker 142, as well as the connection positions of the crank 122, the rocker 142 and the stand 15, can ensure that the crank-connecting rod mechanism formed by the stand 15, the crank assembly 12, the adjustable connecting rod 13 and the rocker assembly 14, during the continuous rotation of the crank 122, the rocker 142 reciprocates within the range of ±30° centered on the vertical direction.

[0062] The following steps are involved:

[0063] S1: After heating the inner ring of the spherical bearing 223 to be tested, put it on the front end of the transmission main shaft 221. After proper cooling, put the combined bearing seat 231 on the outer ring of the spherical bearing 223 to be tested, between the two stoppers 234, and tighten the fastening bolts 237;

[0064] S2: Control the reduction motor 11 to start, so that the test bench runs for a period of time under no-load state, and stops after the test is correct;

[0065] S3: Turn the hand wheel 254 to push the loading bearing seat 252 downward to apply a preload to the transmission main shaft 221; then, control the hydraulic jack 241 to move upward to apply a radial load to the spherical bearing 223 to be tested through the pressure sensor 32 and the combined bearing seat 231 until a specified value is reached;

[0066] S4: Control the reduction motor 11 to start; the control box 35 monitors the operation process of the test bench. When the surface temperature of the outer ring of the bearing detected by the temperature sensor 31, the friction torque of the inner and outer rings detected by the torque sensor 33, or the wear of the liner (there is a liner between the inner and outer rings of the spherical bearing 223 to be tested, which is attached to the inner surface of the outer ring to achieve the effect of reducing friction) detected by the wear measurement component 34 reaches a set value, the reduction motor 11 is controlled to stop; the control box 35 records the number of swings and the operation data of each sensor in real time;

[0067] S5: Control the hydraulic jack 241 to move downward to unload the spherical bearing 223 to be tested, and then rotate the hand wheel 254 in the opposite direction to make the loading bearing seat 252 move upward to unload the transmission main shaft 221;

[0068] S6: rotating the push bolt 233 to make the combined bearing seat 231 drive the spherical bearing to be tested 223 to slide off the transmission main shaft 221; then, loosening the fastening bolt 237 to separate the spherical bearing to be tested 223 and the combined bearing seat 231;

[0069] S7: Replace the spherical bearing 223 to be tested, and repeat steps S1-S7 to complete a new round of bearing life detection operation;

[0070] S8: If it is necessary to detect other types of self-lubricating radial spherical plain bearings (the spherical plain bearings to be tested 223), it is necessary to replace the matching transmission main shaft 221, the combined bearing seat 231 and the loading bearing seat 252 in advance.

[0071] The above disclosure is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes that can be conceived by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A testing system for radial spherical plain bearings, characterized in that: include: A swing drive device (1), a test device (2), a measurement and control device (3) and a base (4), wherein the test device (2) and the swing drive device (1) are respectively mounted on the front and rear ends of the base (4); The test device (2) comprises a bearing support (21), a transmission assembly (22), a bearing seat assembly (23), a loading assembly (24) and a reverse loading assembly (25); The transmission assembly (22) is mounted on the base (4) via the bearing support (21); the bearing seat assembly (23) is sleeved on the front end of the transmission assembly (22); the loading assembly (24) is mounted on the bearing support (21); and the reverse loading assembly (25) is mounted on the bearing support (21); The transmission assembly (22) comprises a transmission main shaft (221), a bearing support (222) and a joint bearing (223) to be tested; the middle of the transmission main shaft (221) is rotatably mounted on the bearing support (21) via two bearing supports (222) arranged front and rear, and the joint bearing (223) to be tested is mounted on the front end of the transmission main shaft (221); The bearing seat assembly (23) comprises a combined bearing seat (231), a bearing seat cover (232), a thrust bolt (233) and a stopper (234); the combined bearing seat (231) is sleeved on the outside of the joint bearing (223) to be tested; the bearing seat cover (232) is installed at the front end of the combined bearing seat (231) and has a threaded hole in the middle thereof; the thrust bolt (233) is threadedly connected to the threaded hole in the middle of the bearing seat cover (232); two stoppers (234) are provided and are respectively installed on the bearing support (21); The loading assembly (24) comprises a hydraulic jack (241), and the hydraulic jack (241) is installed on the corresponding bearing support (21); The reverse loading assembly (25) comprises a loading bracket (251), a loading bearing seat (252), a flange nut (253), a hand wheel (254), a transmission screw (255) and a push connector (256); the loading bracket (251) is mounted on the load-bearing support (21); the loading bearing seat (252) is sleeved on the transmission main shaft (221); the flange nut (253) is sleeved in a mounting hole in the middle of the upper end of the loading bracket (251); the hand wheel (254), the transmission screw (255) and the push connector (256) are fixedly connected in sequence from top to bottom, the transmission screw (255) is threadedly connected in the hole of the flange nut (253), and the lower end of the push connector (256) is in contact with the loading bearing seat (252); The swing drive device (1) comprises a reduction motor (11), a crank assembly (12), an adjustable connecting rod (13), a rocker assembly (14) and a stand (15); The reduction motor (11) is mounted on the base (4) via a motor seat (16); the stand (15) is mounted on the base (4), and the stand (15) is sequentially connected to the crank assembly (12), the adjustable connecting rod (13) and the rocker assembly (14) to form a crank-connecting rod mechanism; The crank assembly (12) comprises an input rotating shaft (121), a crank (122) and a connecting shaft (123) which are connected in sequence; the middle portion of the input rotating shaft (121) is rotatably mounted on the upper left side of the stand (15) via two rotating shaft bearing seats (17); the front end of the input rotating shaft (121) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the reduction motor (11) via a coupling (18); the rear end of the input rotating shaft (121) is fixedly connected to one end of the crank (122) via a rotating shaft support (19); the other end of the crank (122) is rotatably connected to the connecting shaft (123) via an optical shaft support (20); The rocker assembly (14) comprises an output shaft (141), a rocker (142) and a second connecting shaft (143) which are connected in sequence; the middle portion of the output shaft (141) is rotatably mounted on the upper right side of the stand (15) via two shaft bearing seats (17); the front end of the output shaft (141) is fixedly connected to the input end of the torque sensor (33) of the measurement and control device (3) via the coupling (18); the rear end of the output shaft (141) is fixedly connected to one end of the rocker (142) via the shaft support (19); the other end of the rocker (142) is rotatably connected to the second connecting shaft (143) via an optical axis support (20); and the two ends of the adjustable connecting rod (13) are respectively sleeved on the first connecting shaft (123) and the second connecting shaft (143); The measurement and control device (3) comprises a temperature sensor (31), a pressure sensor (32), the torque sensor (33), a wear measurement component (34) and a control box (35); The temperature sensor (31) is sleeved into a screw hole in the middle of the top end of the combined bearing seat (231); the pressure sensor (32) is fixedly connected to a pressure sensor support (36); the torque sensor (33) is mounted on the base (4) via a torque sensor support (37); an input end and an output end of the torque sensor (33) are respectively fixedly connected to a front end of the output shaft (141) and a rear end of the transmission main shaft (221) via the coupling (18); The wear measurement assembly (34) is mounted on the bearing support (21), and comprises a measuring support (341), a micrometer (342), a displacement support plate (343), a measuring base (345) and a column (346); the displacement support plate (343) is mounted on the upper end of the bearing seat cover (232); the micrometer (342) is fixedly connected to the measuring support (341); the bearing support (21) is fixedly connected to the measuring base (345); both ends of the measuring base (345) are respectively fixedly connected to the columns (346); the two columns (346) respectively pass through the corresponding measuring supports (341); and the two measuring supports (341) are respectively threadedly connected to the corresponding columns (346) by measuring screws (344); The control box (35) is mounted on the base (4).

2. The testing system for radial spherical plain bearings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The combined bearing seat (231) comprises an upper bearing seat (235), a lower bearing seat (236) and fastening bolts (237) arranged on the left and right sides thereof; the upper bearing seat (235) and the lower bearing seat (236) are provided with bearing holes matching the outer ring of the spherical bearing (223) to be tested, and a shoulder with a height slightly smaller than the height of the inner ring of the spherical bearing (223) to be tested is provided on one side of the bearing hole.

3. The testing system for radial spherical plain bearings according to claim 2, characterized in that: The stopper (234) is provided with a keyway on a side opposite to the bearing upper seat (235) and the bearing lower seat (236), and the tapped hole bolts (238) installed on the left and right sides of the bearing upper seat (235) and the bearing lower seat (236) can extend into the keyway; the protrusions on the left and right sides of the pressure sensor support (36) also extend into the keyway.

4. The testing system for radial spherical plain bearings according to claim 2, characterized in that: The left and right ends of the inner upper part of the loading bracket (251) are fixedly connected to guide bars (257), and the left and right ends of the loading bearing seat (252) are provided with matching guide grooves.

5. The testing system for radial spherical plain bearings according to claim 3, characterized in that: The adjustable connecting rod (13) is composed of a double-ended screw with positive and negative threads, rod end joint bearings at both ends and nuts, and is adjustable in length; the rod end joint bearings are mounted on the first connecting shaft (123) and the second connecting shaft (143), and position fixing rings (131) are provided on both sides of the rod end joint bearings.

6. The testing system for radial spherical plain bearings according to claim 3, characterized in that: The dimensions of the crank (122), the adjustable connecting rod (13) and the rocker (142), as well as the connection positions of the crank (122), the rocker (142) and the stand (15) can ensure that the crank-connecting rod mechanism formed by the stand (15), the crank assembly (12), the adjustable connecting rod (13) and the rocker assembly (14) can reciprocate within a range of ±30° centered on the vertical direction during the continuous rotation of the crank (122).

7. The testing system for radial spherical plain bearings according to claim 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: After heating the inner ring of the spherical bearing (223) to be tested, the spherical bearing (223) is mounted on the front end of the transmission main shaft (221); after appropriate cooling, the combined bearing seat (231) is mounted on the outer ring of the spherical bearing (223) to be tested, between the two stoppers (234), and the fastening bolts (237) are tightened; S2: Control the reduction motor (11) to start, so that the test bench runs for a period of time under no-load condition, and stops after the test is completed; S3: rotating the hand wheel (254) to push the loading bearing seat (252) downward to apply a preload to the transmission main shaft (221); then, controlling the hydraulic jack (241) to move upward to apply a radial load to the spherical bearing (223) to be tested through the pressure sensor (32) and the combined bearing seat (231) until a specified value is reached; S4: Controlling the reduction motor (11) to start; the control box (35) monitors the operation process of the test bench, and when the surface temperature of the outer ring of the bearing detected by the temperature sensor (31), the friction torque of the inner and outer rings detected by the torque sensor (33), or the wear of the liner detected by the wear measurement component (34) reaches a set value, controlling the reduction motor (11) to stop; the control box (35) records the number of swings and the operation data of each sensor in real time; S5: controlling the hydraulic jack (241) to move downward to unload the joint bearing (223) to be tested, and then rotating the hand wheel (254) in the opposite direction to move the loading bearing seat (252) upward to unload the transmission main shaft (221); S6: rotating the thrust bolt (233) so that the combined bearing seat (231) drives the joint bearing to be tested (223) to slide off the transmission main shaft (221); then, loosening the fastening bolt (237) to separate the joint bearing to be tested (223) and the combined bearing seat (231); S7: replacing the spherical bearing (223) to be tested, and repeating steps S1 to S7 to complete a new round of bearing life testing operations.

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