Hydrogen fuel micro-diffusion staged combustion chamber arranged with porous array

Abstract

The present application relates to hydrogen fuel combustion chamber technical field, provide a kind of hydrogen fuel microdiffusion staging combustion chamber using porous array arrangement, including main combustion stage and precombustion stage, the hydrogen flow of the main combustion stage is greater than the precombustion stage;The precombustion stage includes petal single unit stage nozzle;The petal single unit stage nozzle has a plurality of precombustion stage air holes and a plurality of precombustion stage hydrogen holes correspondingly arranged;The main combustion stage includes annular nozzle, and the annular nozzle is sleeved on the outer periphery of the petal single unit stage nozzle;The annular nozzle has a plurality of main combustion stage air holes and a plurality of main combustion stage hydrogen holes correspondingly arranged.The present application uses porous array arrangement, realizes the microdiffusion of hydrogen fuel, to avoid hydrogen fuel backfire or spontaneous combustion, can realize hydrogen fuel low emission, stable, safe combustion.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of hydrogen fuel combustion chamber, and particularly to a hydrogen fuel micro-diffusion staged combustion chamber arranged with a porous array. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the face of major challenges such as increasingly serious ecological environment deterioration and climate change intensification, the global energy system is accelerating the transformation to green and low carbon. Therefore, the use of hydrogen fuel is an important way to reduce carbon dioxide emissions, and the development of hydrogen fuel as clean energy is increasingly favored by people.

[0003] Hydrogen is a high-efficiency and clean energy, which has been widely valued and researched due to its wide sources, high calorific value, zero carbon emission and other advantages. Compared with natural gas, hydrogen has the characteristics of low density, wide flammable range and low ignition energy.

[0004] However, due to the difference in hydrogen combustion characteristics, backfire or spontaneous combustion phenomenon is prone to occur when hydrogen is burned in a traditional combustion chamber. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application provides a hydrogen fuel micro-diffusion staged combustion chamber arranged with a porous array to solve the defect that backfire or spontaneous combustion is prone to occur when hydrogen is burned in a traditional combustion chamber in the prior art, a large number of small flames are used to replace the whole large flame, the residence time of reactants is reduced, and the generation of NOx can be reduced.

[0006] The present application provides a hydrogen fuel micro-diffusion staged combustion chamber arranged with a porous array, comprising: a main combustion stage and a pre-combustion stage, the hydrogen flow of the main combustion stage is greater than that of the pre-combustion stage;

[0007] The pre-combustion stage comprises a petal unit stage nozzle; the petal unit stage nozzle is provided with a plurality of pre-combustion stage air holes and a plurality of pre-combustion stage hydrogen holes one by one;

[0008] The main combustion stage comprises a ring nozzle, and the ring nozzle is sleeved on the outer periphery of the petal unit stage nozzle; the ring nozzle is provided with a plurality of main combustion stage air holes and a plurality of main combustion stage hydrogen holes one by one.

[0009] According to the hydrogen fuel micro-diffusion staged combustion chamber arranged with a porous array provided by the present application, the pre-combustion stage further comprises:

[0010] A pre-combustion stage air inlet pipe, one end of which is provided with an air inlet;

[0011] A pre-combustion stage gas collecting cavity in communication with the other end of the pre-combustion stage air inlet pipe, and the pre-combustion stage hydrogen holes are arranged on the outer periphery of the pre-combustion stage gas collecting cavity;

[0012] A precombustion stage air supply plate is arranged on the outer periphery of the precombustion stage air inlet pipe, and the precombustion stage air supply plate is provided with the precombustion stage air holes.

[0013] The precombustion stage hydrogen holes are 0-3 mm away from the outlet plane of the precombustion stage air holes.

[0014] The precombustion stage air supply plate is further provided with a precombustion stage vortex generator.

[0015] The main combustion stage further comprises:

[0016] A main combustion stage air inlet pipe with one end for air inlet;

[0017] A main combustion stage air collection cavity in communication with the other end of the main combustion stage air inlet pipe, and the inner periphery and / or outer periphery of the main combustion stage air collection cavity is provided with the main combustion stage hydrogen holes;

[0018] A main combustion stage air supply plate arranged on the inner periphery and / or outer periphery of the main combustion stage air collection cavity, and the main combustion stage air supply plate is provided with the main combustion stage air holes.

[0019] The main combustion stage hydrogen holes are 0-3 mm away from the outlet plane of the main combustion stage air holes.

[0020] The main combustion stage air holes adopt a hexagonal structure.

[0021] The main combustion stage air holes arranged on the outer periphery of the main combustion stage air supply plate are arranged in an inclined manner, and are inclined towards the circumferential direction, the radial direction, or the circumferential and radial directions, and the inclination angle ranges from 0° to 30°.

[0022] The precombustion stage vortex generator is a triangular vortex generator.

[0023] The diameter of the main combustion stage hydrogen holes is 0.5-0.9 mm, and the diameter of the precombustion stage hydrogen holes is 0.5-1 mm.

[0024] The application provides a hydrogen fuel micro-diffusion staged combustion chamber arranged in a porous array, which comprises a pre-combustion stage and a main combustion stage, the hydrogen flow of the main combustion stage is greater than that of the pre-combustion stage, the pre-combustion stage comprises a petal unit stage nozzle, the petal unit stage nozzle is provided with a plurality of pre-combustion stage air holes and pre-combustion stage hydrogen holes in one-to-one correspondence, the main combustion stage comprises a ring nozzle, the ring nozzle is sleeved on the outer periphery of the petal unit stage nozzle, the ring nozzle is provided with a plurality of main combustion stage air holes and a plurality of main combustion stage hydrogen holes in one-to-one correspondence, the porous array arrangement is adopted to realize micro-diffusion of hydrogen fuel, thereby avoiding backfire or spontaneous combustion of hydrogen fuel, and low-emission, stable and safe combustion of hydrogen fuel can be realized; a large number of small flames are used to replace the whole large flame, the residence time of reactants is reduced, and the generation of NOx can be reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present application or prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0026] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the hydrogen fuel micro-diffusion staged combustion chamber arranged in a porous array provided by the application;

[0027] Figure 2 is a sectional view of the hydrogen fuel micro-diffusion staged combustion chamber arranged in a porous array provided by the application;

[0028] Reference signs:

[0029] 1, pre-combustion stage air hole; 2, pre-combustion stage hydrogen hole; 3, main combustion stage air hole; 4, main combustion stage hydrogen hole; 5, pre-combustion stage air inlet pipe; 6, pre-combustion stage gas collecting cavity; 7, pre-combustion stage air supply plate; 8, pre-combustion stage vortex generator; 9, main combustion stage air inlet pipe; 10, main combustion stage gas collecting cavity; 11, main combustion stage air supply plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clear, the technical solutions in the present application will be described clearly and completely below in combination with the drawings in the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the protection scope of the present application.

[0031] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the embodiments of the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only for the purpose of description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0032] The following will be described in conjunction with Figures 1 to 2 The present application describes a hydrogen fuel micro-diffusion staged combustion chamber arranged in a porous array.

[0033] As Figure 1 shown, the present application provides a hydrogen fuel micro-diffusion staged combustion chamber arranged in a porous array, including a main combustion stage and a pre-combustion stage, the hydrogen flow of the main combustion stage is greater than that of the pre-combustion stage, to achieve more stable and efficient combustion.

[0034] The pre-combustion stage includes a petal unit stage nozzle, which can help to achieve more uniform mixing of fuel and air; the petal unit stage nozzle has a plurality of pre-combustion stage air holes 1 and a plurality of pre-combustion stage hydrogen holes 2, and the pre-combustion stage air holes 1 and the pre-combustion stage hydrogen holes 2 are arranged one-to-one, that is, one pre-combustion stage air hole 1 corresponds to one pre-combustion stage hydrogen hole 2, the arrangement of the pre-combustion stage air holes 1 and the pre-combustion stage hydrogen holes 2 allows air and hydrogen to be ejected simultaneously and uniformly, thereby generating a stable small-scale flame in the pre-combustion stage.

[0035] The main combustion stage includes an annular nozzle, and the annular nozzle is sleeved on the outer periphery of the petal unit stage nozzle, this arrangement ensures that the fuel and air of the main combustion stage can interact with the flame generated by the pre-combustion stage, thereby achieving more efficient combustion. The annular nozzle has a plurality of main combustion stage air holes 3 and a plurality of main combustion stage hydrogen holes 4 arranged one-to-one, the layout and number of which can be adjusted according to actual needs to optimize the combustion effect.

[0036] When the system starts to work, the petal unit stage nozzle of the pre-combustion stage first introduces a small amount of air and hydrogen into the combustion chamber through the pre-combustion stage air holes 1 and the pre-combustion stage hydrogen holes 2, forming a small-scale stable flame. Then, the annular nozzle of the main combustion stage introduces more air and hydrogen into the combustion chamber through the main combustion stage air holes 3 and the main combustion stage hydrogen holes 4. These fuels and air interact with the flame generated by the pre-combustion stage, achieving more stable and efficient combustion.

[0037] The present application adopts the design of porous array arrangement, so that the mixing of fuel and air is more uniform, thereby improving the combustion efficiency, in addition, the design of staged combustion makes the combustion process more stable, reduces the combustion fluctuation, optimizes the combustion effect; using a large number of small flames instead of the whole large flame, reduces the residence time of reactants, which can reduce the generation of NOx.

[0038] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 In one possible embodiment of the present application, the pre-combustion stage further comprises a pre-combustion stage air inlet pipe 5, a pre-combustion stage gas collection chamber 6 and a pre-combustion stage air supply plate 7. One end of the pre-combustion stage air inlet pipe 5 is an air inlet, which is the entry point of hydrogen. The diameter and length of the pre-combustion stage air inlet pipe 5 can be adjusted according to the pressure and flow requirements of the system. The pre-combustion stage gas collection chamber 6 is in communication with the other end of the pre-combustion stage air inlet pipe 5, and is used to collect and distribute hydrogen entering from the pre-combustion stage air inlet pipe 5. The periphery of the pre-combustion stage gas collection chamber 6 is provided with pre-combustion stage hydrogen holes 2, which uniformly inject hydrogen into the combustion chamber and mix with the air of the pre-combustion stage. The pre-combustion stage air supply plate 7 is provided on the periphery of the pre-combustion stage air inlet pipe 5, and its main function is to provide air. The pre-combustion stage air supply plate 7 is provided with pre-combustion stage air holes 1, which correspond one-to-one with the pre-combustion stage hydrogen holes 2, to ensure that air and hydrogen can be uniformly mixed in the combustion chamber.

[0039] Hydrogen enters the pre-combustion stage gas collection chamber 6 through the pre-combustion stage air inlet pipe 5 and is uniformly injected into the combustion chamber through the pre-combustion stage hydrogen holes 2, while air enters the combustion chamber through the pre-combustion stage air holes 1 on the pre-combustion stage air supply plate 7 and mixes with the hydrogen. Due to the one-to-one correspondence between the pre-combustion stage air holes 1 and the pre-combustion stage hydrogen holes 2, it is ensured that air and hydrogen can be uniformly mixed in the combustion chamber, thereby forming a stable small-scale flame, achieving low-emission, stable and safe combustion of hydrogen fuel.

[0040] In one possible embodiment of the present application, the pre-combustion stage hydrogen holes 2 are 0-3mm away from the exit plane of the pre-combustion stage air holes 1. The pre-combustion stage hydrogen holes 2 and the pre-combustion stage air holes 1 are relatively close, so that hydrogen and air can mix rapidly after leaving the nozzle, reducing the mixing time and improving the combustion efficiency. Shorter mixing distance helps to reduce the mixture of unburned hydrogen and air, reducing the content of harmful substances in the emissions. Uniformly mixed fuel and air can reduce the instability factors in the combustion process, thereby reducing the noise and vibration generated by combustion, and having an inhibitory effect on combustion oscillation.

[0041] In a feasible embodiment of the present application, the pre-combustion stage air supply plate 7 is further provided with a pre-combustion stage vortex generator 8. The pre-combustion stage vortex generator 8 generates vortex effect to optimize the mixing process of hydrogen and air in the pre-combustion stage. When the air enters the combustion chamber through the pre-combustion stage air hole 1, the pre-combustion stage vortex generator 8 generates vortex. These vortexes help to guide the hydrogen out of the pre-combustion stage hydrogen hole 2 and mix with the air more fully and uniformly. The pre-combustion stage vortex generator 8 can increase the turbulence of the fluid and improve the mixing efficiency, thereby ensuring more stable and efficient combustion in the pre-combustion stage.

[0042] In a feasible embodiment of the present application, the main combustion stage further includes a main combustion stage air inlet pipe 9, a main combustion stage air collection chamber 10 and a main combustion stage air supply plate 11. One end of the main combustion stage air inlet pipe 9 is used for hydrogen input. Hydrogen enters the combustion chamber through the main combustion stage air inlet pipe 9 to provide the necessary fuel for combustion. The main combustion stage air collection chamber 10 is in communication with the other end of the main combustion stage air inlet pipe 9 for collecting and distributing hydrogen entering from the main combustion stage air inlet pipe 9.

[0043] The inner and / or outer periphery of the main combustion stage air collection chamber 10 is provided with main combustion stage hydrogen holes 4, i.e., the inner periphery or the outer periphery of the main combustion stage air collection chamber 10 can be provided with main combustion stage hydrogen holes 4, or both the inner and outer periphery of the main combustion stage air collection chamber 10 can be provided with main combustion stage hydrogen holes 4. These main combustion stage hydrogen holes 4 are used to distribute hydrogen uniformly into the combustion chamber for mixing with air and burning. The main combustion stage air supply plate 11 is arranged on the inner and / or outer periphery of the main combustion stage air collection chamber 10, and the main combustion stage air supply plate 11 is provided with main combustion stage air holes 3. The main combustion stage air holes 3 are used to introduce air into the combustion chamber to mix with hydrogen released from the main combustion stage hydrogen holes 4. By reasonably designing the size, number and position of the main combustion stage air holes 3, it can be ensured that hydrogen and air are fully mixed in the main combustion stage, thereby achieving efficient and stable combustion.

[0044] In a feasible embodiment of the present application, the distance between the main combustion stage hydrogen holes 4 and the exit plane of the main combustion stage air holes 3 is 0-3mm. First, because the distance between the main combustion stage hydrogen holes 4 and the main combustion stage air holes 3 is short, hydrogen and air can mix rapidly after leaving the nozzle, reducing the mixing time and improving the combustion efficiency. Second, the close distance between the main combustion stage hydrogen holes 4 and the main combustion stage air holes 3 makes the hydrogen and air form more uniform mixed gas in the combustion chamber, which helps to achieve more stable and uniform combustion. Third, the short mixing distance helps to reduce the mixture of unburned hydrogen and air, reducing the content of harmful substances in the exhaust. Finally, uniform fuel-air mixture can ensure that the fuel is fully utilized in the combustion process, thereby improving the combustion efficiency. Uniformly mixed fuel and air can reduce the instability factors in the combustion process, thereby reducing the noise and vibration generated by combustion and avoiding backfire.

[0045] In one possible embodiment of the present application, the primary combustion stage air holes 3 adopt a hexagonal structure. Compared with traditional circular or square holes, the hexagonal structure has higher flowability and mixing efficiency. Its unique geometry can promote the uniform distribution of air flow and effective mixing with hydrogen, thereby improving combustion efficiency and stability. Since the hexagonal hole can better promote the mixing of air and hydrogen, the fuel in the combustion chamber can be more fully utilized. This not only improves combustion efficiency, but also reduces the emission of unburned gas. The design of the hexagonal hole can achieve higher hole density in a limited space, thereby increasing air flow and mixing effect. This compact structure helps to save space and makes the combustion chamber more compact and efficient.

[0046] In one possible embodiment of the present application, the primary combustion stage air holes 3 located on the periphery of the primary combustion stage air supply plate 11 are inclined, with a circumferential, radial, or circumferential-radial coupling inclination, and the inclination angle ranges from 0° to 30°. When the primary combustion stage air holes 3 are inclined circumferentially, air will flow along the circumferential direction of the combustion chamber, helping to enhance air circulation in the combustion chamber and promote fuel-air mixing. When the primary combustion stage air holes 3 are inclined radially, air will directly reach the combustion area, improving combustion efficiency. When the primary combustion stage air holes 3 are inclined circumferentially and radially, the sum of the two effects can be achieved, ensuring that air flow directly reaches the combustion area while also promoting air circulation in the combustion chamber.

[0047] The inclination angle range is usually selected between 0° and 30°. This angle range is based on the design parameters of the combustion chamber, fuel type, combustion requirements, and other factors. A smaller inclination angle may not be sufficient to produce a significant effect, while a larger inclination angle may cause flow instability or increase flow resistance. By setting the above angle, the air can be swirled, making the mixing with the fuel more sufficient, improving the combustion efficiency, reducing NOx emissions, and helping to improve combustion stability and control oscillation.

[0048] In one possible embodiment of the present application, the pre-combustion stage vortex generator 8 is a triangular vortex generator. The triangular pre-combustion stage vortex generator 8 generates strong vortexes in fluids (such as air or gas) through its unique shape and structure. This vortex has multiple effects on the combustion process. First, the vortex can enhance the mixing between fluids, allowing fuel and air to mix more fully, thereby improving combustion efficiency. Second, the vortex can also increase the degree of turbulence in the combustion chamber, making combustion more uniform and reducing flame instability.

[0049] In a feasible embodiment of the present application, the diameter of the main combustion stage hydrogen hole 4 is 0.5-0.9mm, and the diameter of the pre-combustion stage hydrogen hole 2 is 0.5-1mm. By changing the diameter of the main combustion stage hydrogen hole 4 and the pre-combustion stage hydrogen hole 2, it is found that the size of the diameter of the main combustion stage hydrogen hole 4 and the pre-combustion stage hydrogen hole 2 has a significant impact on the oscillation.

[0050] Therefore, the present application provides a porous array arranged hydrogen fuel diffusion staged combustion chamber, which realizes low emission, stable and safe combustion of hydrogen fuel, and can test the impact of different sizes of the main combustion stage hydrogen hole 4 and the main combustion stage air hole 3 and different circumferential and radial main combustion stage outermost main combustion stage air hole 3 on the combustion characteristics, and find that it has an inhibitory effect on combustion oscillation.

[0051] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0052] In the description of the present application, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "way", "specific way", or "some ways" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or way are included in at least one embodiment or way of the present application. In the present application, the illustrative description of the above terms is not necessarily for the same embodiment or way. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any appropriate way in any one or more embodiments or ways. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or features of the embodiments described in the present application without contradiction.

[0053] Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and not to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: it can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent replacement for part of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A hydrogen-fueled micro-diffusion premixed combustion chamber employing a porous array arrangement, characterized by, The pre-combustion stage comprises petal unit stage nozzles, and the petal unit stage nozzles are provided with a plurality of pre-combustion stage air holes (1) and a plurality of pre-combustion stage hydrogen holes (2) in one-to-one correspondence; the pre-combustion stage further comprises a pre-combustion stage air supply plate, and the pre-combustion stage air supply plate is provided with pre-combustion stage air supply holes (1); the pre-combustion stage air supply plate (7) is further provided with a pre-combustion stage vortex generator (8); The main combustion stage comprises ring nozzles, and the ring nozzles are sleeved on the outer periphery of the petal unit stage nozzles; the ring nozzles are provided with a plurality of main combustion stage air holes (3) and a plurality of main combustion stage hydrogen holes (4) in one-to-one correspondence; the main combustion stage further comprises a main combustion stage air supply plate (11), and the main combustion stage air supply plate (11) is provided with the main combustion stage air holes (3); the main combustion stage air holes (3) adopt a hexagonal structure; the main combustion stage air holes (3) located on the periphery of the main combustion stage air supply plate (11) are obliquely arranged, and are obliquely arranged in a circumferential direction, a radial direction or a circumferential and radial direction, and the oblique angle ranges from 0° to 30°. The pre-combustion stage further comprises:

2. The hydrogen micro-diffusion staged combustion chamber with a porous array arrangement according to claim 1, wherein, a pre-combustion stage air inlet pipe (5) having one end for air inlet; the outer periphery of the pre-combustion stage air inlet pipe (5) is provided with the pre-combustion stage air supply plate (7); a pre-combustion stage gas collection cavity (6) in communication with the other end of the pre-combustion stage air inlet pipe (5), and the outer periphery of the pre-combustion stage gas collection cavity (6) is provided with the pre-combustion stage hydrogen holes (2). The pre-combustion stage hydrogen holes (2) are 0-3mm away from the outlet plane of the pre-combustion stage air holes (1).

3. The hydrogen micro-combustor with multi-hole array arrangement according to claim 2, wherein, The main combustion stage further comprises:

4. The hydrogen micro-combustor with multi-hole array according to claim 1, wherein, a main combustion stage air inlet pipe (9) having one end for air inlet; a main combustion stage gas collection cavity (10) in communication with the other end of the main combustion stage air inlet pipe (9), and the inner periphery and / or outer periphery of the main combustion stage gas collection cavity (10) is provided with the main combustion stage hydrogen holes (4); the inner periphery and / or outer periphery of the main combustion stage gas collection cavity (10) is provided with the main combustion stage air supply plate (11). The main combustion stage hydrogen holes (4) are 0-3mm away from the outlet plane of the main combustion stage air holes (3).

5. The hydrogen micro-combustor with multi-hole array arrangement according to claim 4, wherein, The pre-combustion stage vortex generator (8) is a triangular vortex generator.

6. The hydrogen micro-combustor with multi-hole array according to claim 2, wherein, The diameter of the main combustion stage hydrogen holes (4) is 0.5-0.9mm, and the diameter of the pre-combustion stage hydrogen holes (2) is 0.5-1mm.

7. The hydrogen micro-combustor with multi-hole array according to claim 1, wherein, ​

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