A device and method for measuring the settlement of a pipeline in a soft soil foundation

Abstract

A kind of soft soil foundation pipeline settlement measurement test device and method, the device seabed environment simulation test box is equipped with soft soil foundation;Lifting mechanism upper end is fixed with support frame;Lower bearing rod is fixedly provided with traction disc, upper bearing rod is fixedly provided with first pulley, center bearing rod is fixedly provided with second pulley, and the lower part of center bearing rod is provided with displacement sensor;Lifting slide rail is connected with anti-interference sliding cylinder by lifting sliding block;Traction disc is connected with traction cable, and traction cable is connected lifting sliding block after passing first pulley and second pulley;The lower end of anti-interference sliding cylinder is connected with pipeline body, and pipeline body is settled on soft soil foundation in seabed environment simulation test box;Displacement sensor carries out real-time measurement to the settlement of pipeline body on soft soil foundation.The present application can study the settlement of different scale pipelines, so as to more accurately predict the settlement of full-size pipeline;Improve test efficiency;Provide reliable data support for actual engineering pipeline settlement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of marine engineering technology, specifically relating to a test device and method for measuring the settlement of pipelines on soft soil foundations. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, offshore pipeline systems are the primary means of transporting offshore oil and gas resources, connecting production wells, offshore platforms, and onshore facilities. The stability and safety of pipeline systems in extreme environments are crucial for energy delivery. However, after being put into operation, pipelines may experience settlement due to factors such as ultra-soft soil layers, which will affect the installation methods and efficiency.

[0003] Due to the complex seabed environment, it is difficult to directly measure pipeline settlement on-site. To study the settlement problem of marine pipelines, model tests are needed to estimate the settlement under specific marine conditions, enabling early warning and risk management. The results of pipeline settlement research can be used to optimize the design, material selection, and layout of marine pipelines, enhancing their stability and durability in harsh environments. Simultaneously, it can help develop more effective pipeline monitoring and maintenance strategies, reducing maintenance costs, extending service life, and ensuring the continuity and safety of oil and gas transportation.

[0004] Therefore, studying the settlement of marine pipelines is of great significance for ensuring the reliability and safety of oil and gas transportation. Currently, when studying pipeline settlement through model tests, the large size of actual pipelines necessitates scaled-down model tests to predict the settlement process and amount of a full-scale model. Therefore, to accurately study the settlement of pipelines on soft soil foundations and provide effective reference data for the installation of subsea pipelines in actual engineering projects, it is necessary to develop a settlement measurement test scheme for pipelines on soft soil foundations. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, this invention provides a test device and method for measuring the settlement of pipelines on soft soil foundations. It can study the settlement of pipelines on soft soil foundations through model tests, thereby predicting the settlement of full-size pipelines on the seabed and providing reliable data support for the installation of pipelines in actual engineering projects.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a test device for measuring the settlement of a pipeline on a soft soil foundation, comprising a seabed environment simulation test chamber, wherein a soft soil foundation is provided inside the seabed environment simulation test chamber; lifting mechanisms are respectively provided on both sides of the seabed environment simulation test chamber; and a support frame is fixed at the upper end of the lifting mechanism.

[0007] The support frame spans across the top of the seabed environment simulation test chamber; a lower load-bearing rod is connected to the side of the support frame, an upper load-bearing rod is connected to one side of the upper end of the support frame, and a central load-bearing rod is connected to the middle of the upper end of the support frame; a lifting slide rail is connected to the lower middle part of the support frame.

[0008] The lower support rod is fixedly equipped with a traction disc, the upper support rod is fixedly equipped with a first pulley, the central support rod is fixedly equipped with a second pulley, and a displacement sensor is provided at the lower part of the central support rod; the lifting slide rail is connected to an anti-interference slide cylinder through a lifting slider;

[0009] The traction disc is connected to a traction cable, which passes around the first pulley and the second pulley and then connects to the lifting slider.

[0010] The lower end of the anti-interference sliding tube is connected to the pipeline body, which settles on the soft soil foundation in the seabed environment simulation test chamber; the displacement sensor measures the settlement of the pipeline body on the soft soil foundation in real time.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the test device for measuring the settlement of pipelines on soft soil foundations, the edge of the seabed environment simulation test chamber is provided with a buffer energy-absorbing layer, which is made of foam board or hard sponge pad.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the test device for measuring the settlement of pipelines on soft soil foundations, the lifting mechanism includes a hydraulic base, upper and lower double scissor arms, a hydraulic top seat, a hydraulic strut, a drive motor, and a hydraulic pump.

[0013] The drive motor and the hydraulic pump are both fixed above the hydraulic base, and the drive motor is connected to the hydraulic pump; the upper end of the upper and lower double scissor arms is hinged to the hydraulic top seat, and the lower end of the upper and lower double scissor arms is hinged to the hydraulic base; the hydraulic support rod is connected to the hydraulic pump through a hydraulic pipeline;

[0014] The drive motor is also equipped with a remote controller, which is electrically connected to the drive motor; the remote controller is used to control the start and stop of the drive motor.

[0015] The lower end of the hydraulic base is connected to casters.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the test device for measuring the settlement of pipelines on soft soil foundations, the maximum lifting height of the lifting mechanism is greater than the sum of the height of the seabed environment simulation test chamber and the maximum diameter of the pipeline body.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the test device for measuring the settlement of pipelines on soft soil foundations, the lower load-bearing rod, the upper load-bearing rod, and the central load-bearing rod are all connected to the support frame through a load-bearing rod adapter sleeve.

[0018] The lengths of the lower support rod, the upper support rod, and the central support rod are all greater than the maximum length of the pipe body.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the test device for measuring the settlement of pipelines on soft soil foundations, a damper is connected to the bottom end of the lifting slide rail. The damper is either a spring damper or a viscous damper. The damper is used to reduce the lowering speed of the pipeline body.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment of the test device for measuring the settlement of pipelines on soft soil foundations, the anti-interference sliding cylinder includes a sliding rod body, a sliding cylinder body, a sliding rod adapter, and a hook.

[0021] The upper end of the slide rod body is connected to the lifting slider via the slide rod adapter, and the lower end of the slide rod body is connected to the slide cylinder body; the hook is connected to the bottom of the slide cylinder body.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment of the test device for measuring the settlement of pipelines on soft soil foundations, the lifting slide rail, the lifting slider, and the anti-interference slide cylinder are all symmetrically arranged in two sets; the pipeline body is connected between the two sets of anti-interference slide cylinders.

[0023] The traction cable passes over the second pulley and splits into two traction ropes, which are respectively connected to two sets of lifting sliders.

[0024] As a preferred embodiment of the test device for measuring the settlement of pipelines in soft soil foundations, the number of displacement sensors is at least three.

[0025] The width of the seabed environment simulation test chamber is 10 times the maximum diameter of the pipe body, and the length of the seabed environment simulation test chamber is 5 times the maximum length of the pipe body.

[0026] This invention also provides a test method for measuring the settlement of pipelines on soft soil foundations, comprising the following steps:

[0027] 1) Based on the pipe size used in the actual project, determine the appropriate scale, process the pipe body model for the test, and prepare a seabed environment simulation test chamber with a pipe body model size suitable for all tests, and arrange lifting lugs on the outer wall of the pipe body.

[0028] 2) Based on the dimensions of the test pipeline model and the size of the seabed environment simulation test chamber, the height of the lifting mechanism should be greater than the height of the seabed environment simulation test chamber, and the lengths of the lower support rod, upper support rod, and central support rod should be greater than the lengths of all test pipeline models.

[0029] 3) Prepare a soft soil foundation based on the actual seabed soil conditions in the project. After preparation, lay the soft soil foundation layer by layer in the seabed environment simulation test chamber, and install a buffer energy-absorbing layer around the seabed environment simulation test chamber.

[0030] 4) Unlock the casters of the lifting mechanism, move the adjustable pipe body installation and lowering equipment to the position of the pipe body, lock the casters, and adjust the spacing of the support frame according to the size of the test pipe body so that the hook spacing of the anti-interference slide cylinder is the same as the spacing of the lifting lugs on the outer wall of the pipe body.

[0031] 5) The hydraulic pump is controlled by the drive motor to extend and retract the hydraulic struts of the lifting mechanism, adjusting the lifting mechanism to the set height and connecting the hook below the anti-interference slide to the lifting lug on the outer wall of the pipe body. The pipe body is then adjusted to the designated height using the traction disc and locked.

[0032] 6) Install several displacement sensors below the central load-bearing rod. After installation, control the hydraulic pump through the drive motor to make the hydraulic strut of the lifting mechanism extend and retract, adjust the lifting mechanism to exceed the height of the seabed environment simulation test chamber, unlock the universal wheels, move the pipeline to install and lower the equipment to directly above the seabed environment simulation test chamber, and lock the universal wheels.

[0033] 7) Unlock the traction disc, control the anti-interference slide cylinder through the traction cable, and lower the pipe body vertically downward along the lifting slide rail. When it is close to the end of the lifting slide rail, use the damper to reduce the lowering speed of the pipe body and continue to lower the pipe body until the pipe body contacts the soft soil foundation and the pipe body and the anti-interference slide cylinder are unhooked.

[0034] 8) During the free settlement of the pipeline body, use displacement sensors to collect the settlement amount of the pipeline body. Stop the test when the settlement data is stable.

[0035] 9) After the single pipeline body settlement simulation test is completed, replace the pipeline body model with the one of the specified scale, readjust the spacing of the support frame according to the size of the test pipeline body, and conduct subsequent tests.

[0036] The present invention has the following advantages: A soft soil foundation is provided inside the seabed environment simulation test chamber; lifting mechanisms are provided on both sides of the seabed environment simulation test chamber; a support frame is fixed to the upper end of the lifting mechanism; the support frame spans across the top of the seabed environment simulation test chamber; a lower load-bearing rod is connected to the side of the support frame, an upper load-bearing rod is connected to one side of the upper end of the support frame, and a central load-bearing rod is connected to the middle of the upper end of the support frame; a lifting slide rail is connected to the lower part of the middle of the support frame; a traction disc is fixedly provided on the lower load-bearing rod, a first pulley is fixedly provided on the upper load-bearing rod, a second pulley is fixedly provided on the central load-bearing rod, and a displacement sensor is provided at the lower part of the central load-bearing rod; an anti-interference slide cylinder is connected to the lifting slide rail via a lifting slider; a traction cable is connected to the traction disc, and the traction cable passes around the first and second pulleys before connecting to the lifting slider; a pipe body is connected to the lower end of the anti-interference slide cylinder, and the pipe body settles on the soft soil foundation in the seabed environment simulation test chamber; the displacement sensor measures the settlement of the pipe body on the soft soil foundation in real time. This invention allows for flexible control of movement and adjustment of spacing, significantly improving its applicability to pipes of different scales. It can be used to study the settlement of pipes of different scales and more accurately predict the settlement of full-size pipes. It also reduces the size of the device, facilitating pipe installation and further improving testing efficiency. Furthermore, it can be effectively applied to the study of pipe settlement in soft soil foundations, providing valuable reference data for pipe lowering tests and reliable data support for pipe settlement in actual engineering projects. Attached Figure Description

[0037] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and those skilled in the art can derive other embodiments based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0038] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the test device for measuring the settlement of pipelines on soft soil foundation provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 This is a side view schematic diagram of the test device for measuring the settlement of pipelines on soft soil foundation provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 This is a front view schematic diagram of the test device for measuring the settlement of pipelines on soft soil foundation provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the test method for measuring the settlement of pipelines on soft soil foundations provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] In the diagram, 1. Seabed environment simulation test chamber; 2. Soft soil foundation; 3. Lifting mechanism; 4. Support frame; 5. Lower load-bearing rod; 6. Upper load-bearing rod; 7. Central load-bearing rod; 8. Lifting slide rail; 9. Traction disc; 10. First pulley; 11. Second pulley; 12. Displacement sensor; 13. Lifting slider; 14. Anti-interference slide cylinder; 15. Traction cable; 16. Pipe body; 17. Buffer energy-absorbing partition; 18. Hydraulic base; 19. Upper and lower double scissor arms; 20. Hydraulic top seat; 21. Hydraulic strut; 22. Drive motor; 23. Hydraulic pump; 24. Universal wheel; 25. Load-bearing rod adapter sleeve; 26. Damper; 27. Slide rod body; 28. Slide cylinder body; 29. ​​Slide rod adapter; 30. Hook; 31. Sub-traction rope. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 This invention provides a test device for measuring the settlement of a pipeline on a soft soil foundation, including a seabed environment simulation test chamber 1, with a soft soil foundation 2 inside the seabed environment simulation test chamber 1; lifting mechanisms 3 are respectively provided on both sides of the seabed environment simulation test chamber 1; and a support frame 4 is fixed at the upper end of the lifting mechanism 3.

[0045] Among them, the support frame 4 spans across the top of the seabed environment simulation test chamber 1; the side of the support frame 4 is connected to the lower load-bearing rod 5, the upper end of the support frame 4 is connected to the upper load-bearing rod 6, the upper middle of the support frame 4 is connected to the central load-bearing rod 7; and the lower middle of the support frame 4 is connected to the lifting slide rail 8.

[0046] Among them, the lower support rod 5 is fixedly equipped with a traction disc 9, the upper support rod 6 is fixedly equipped with a first pulley 10, the central support rod 7 is fixedly equipped with a second pulley 11, and the lower part of the central support rod 7 is equipped with a displacement sensor 12; the lifting slide rail 8 is connected to an anti-interference slide cylinder 14 through a lifting slider 13.

[0047] The traction disc 9 is connected to a traction cable 15, which passes around the first pulley 10 and the second pulley 11 and then connects to the lifting slider 13.

[0048] The lower end of the anti-interference sliding cylinder 14 is connected to the pipe body 16, which settles on the soft soil foundation 2 in the seabed environment simulation test chamber 1; the displacement sensor 12 measures the settlement of the pipe body 16 on the soft soil foundation 2 in real time.

[0049] In this embodiment, the width of the seabed environment simulation test chamber 1 is 10 times the diameter of the maximum pipe body 16, and the length of the seabed environment simulation test chamber 1 is 5 times the length of the maximum pipe body 16. The edge of the seabed environment simulation test chamber 1 is provided with a buffer energy-absorbing layer 17, which is made of foam board or hard sponge pad, thereby reducing the boundary effect generated by the seabed environment simulation test chamber 1 and reducing test errors.

[0050] In this embodiment, the lifting mechanism 3 includes a hydraulic base 18, upper and lower double scissor arms 19, a hydraulic top seat 20, a hydraulic support rod 21, a drive motor 22, and a hydraulic pump 23. The drive motor 22 and the hydraulic pump 23 are both fixed above the hydraulic base 18, and the drive motor 22 is connected to the hydraulic pump 23. The upper end of the upper and lower double scissor arms 19 is hinged to the hydraulic top seat 20, and the lower end of the upper and lower double scissor arms 19 is hinged to the hydraulic base 18. The hydraulic support rod 21 is connected to the hydraulic pump 23 through a hydraulic pipeline. The drive motor 22 is also equipped with a remote control, and the remote control is electrically connected to the drive motor 22. The remote control is used to control the start and stop of the drive motor 22. The lower end of the hydraulic base 18 is connected to a caster wheel 24.

[0051] Specifically, the hydraulic base 18 and hydraulic top seat 20 serve to install the upper and lower double scissor arms 19. The upper end of the hydraulic top seat 20 is fixed to the support frame 4. The drive motor 22 is started and stopped by a remote control, which in turn controls the hydraulic pump 23, causing the hydraulic strut 21 of the lifting mechanism 3 to extend and retract, adjusting the lifting mechanism 3 to a set height, thereby driving the support frame 4 to rise and fall, so that the hook 30 below the anti-interference slide cylinder 14 can be connected to the lifting lug on the outer wall of the pipe body 16. Furthermore, the lifting mechanism 3 can lower the device, making it easier to install the pipe body 16 onto the test apparatus, further improving test efficiency. In addition, the entire lifting mechanism 3 can be moved by unlocking and fixing the casters 24, making it convenient to move the test apparatus to any position.

[0052] In this embodiment, the maximum lifting height of the lifting mechanism 3 is greater than the sum of the height of the seabed environment simulation test chamber 1 and the diameter of the largest pipe body 16, ensuring that the test device can be moved above the seabed environment simulation test chamber 1 after the pipe body 16 is installed.

[0053] In this embodiment, the lower support rod 5, the upper support rod 6, and the central support rod 7 are all connected to the support frame 4 through the support rod adapter sleeve 25; the lengths of the lower support rod 5, the upper support rod 6, and the central support rod 7 are all greater than the length of the maximum pipe body 16.

[0054] Specifically, there are two lower support rods 5, installed on the lower sides of the support frame 4; two upper support rods 6, installed on the upper sides of the support frame 4; and one central support rod 7, installed at the upper center of the support frame 4. The lengths of the lower and upper support rods 5 and 6 between the support rod adapter sleeves 25 can be flexibly adjusted, thereby adjusting the spacing of the support frame 4. The lengths of the lower support rods 5, upper support rods 6, and central support rod 7 should be greater than the length of the pipe body 16, greatly improving the applicability to pipe bodies 16 of different scales. Furthermore, at least three displacement sensors 12 are installed below the central support rod 7 to record the settlement of the pipe body 16 model after its lowering in real time.

[0055] In this embodiment, a damper 26 is connected to the bottom end of the lifting slide rail 8. The damper 26 is either a spring damper 26 or a viscous damper 26. The damper 26 is used to reduce the lowering speed of the pipe body 16. When the pipe body 16 is lowered vertically down along the lifting slide rail 8, and it is lowered to near the end of the lifting slide rail 8, the damper 26 is used to reduce the lowering speed of the pipe body 16. As the pipe body 16 continues to be lowered, it can make the pipe body 16 contact the soft soil foundation 2, and the pipe body 16 and the anti-interference slide cylinder 14 are disengaged.

[0056] In this embodiment, the anti-interference slide cylinder 14 includes a slide rod body 27, a slide cylinder body 28, a slide rod adapter 29, and a hook 30; the upper end of the slide rod body 27 is connected to the lifting slider 13 through the slide rod adapter 29, and the lower end of the slide rod body 27 is connected to the slide cylinder body 28; the hook 30 is connected to the bottom of the slide cylinder body 28.

[0057] Specifically, the anti-interference slide 14 greatly reduces the swaying of the pipe body 16 during the lowering process. The hook 30 is connected to the pipe body 16, and the traction cable 15 is connected to the traction disc 9 through the first pulley 10 and the second pulley 11 to realize the lifting and lowering of the pipe body 16. When the pipe body 16 is lowered to the point of contact with the soft soil foundation 2, the damper 26 is used to slow down the speed of the pipe body 16, while the anti-interference slide 14 continues to descend at the original speed, that is, the hook 30 separates from the pipe body 16, which facilitates unhooking.

[0058] In this embodiment, two sets of lifting slide rails 8, lifting sliders 13, and anti-interference slide cylinders 14 are symmetrically arranged; the pipe body 16 is connected between the two sets of anti-interference slide cylinders 14; the traction cable 15 passes around the second pulley 11 and is divided into two strands of traction rope 31, and the two strands of traction rope 31 are respectively connected to the two sets of lifting sliders 13.

[0059] Specifically, two sets of lifting sliders 13 can be pulled simultaneously by two traction ropes 31. The two sets of lifting sliders 13 move on two sets of lifting slide rails 8, and at the same time pull both ends of the pipe body 16, improving the stability of the descent of the pipe body 16.

[0060] See Figure 4 This invention also provides a test method for measuring the settlement of pipelines on soft soil foundations, and a test device for measuring the settlement of pipelines on soft soil foundations based on the above embodiments, comprising the following steps:

[0061] S1. Based on the pipe size used in the actual project, determine the appropriate scale, process the pipe body 16 model for the test, and prepare a seabed environment simulation test chamber 1 with a pipe body 16 model size suitable for all tests. Arrange lifting lugs on the outer wall of the pipe body 16.

[0062] S2. Based on the dimensions of the test pipeline body 16 model and the size of the seabed environment simulation test chamber 1, the height of the lifting mechanism 3 is designed to be greater than the height of the seabed environment simulation test chamber 1, and the lengths of the lower support rod 5, upper support rod 6, and central support rod 7 must be greater than the lengths of all test pipeline body 16 models.

[0063] S3. Prepare soft soil foundation 2 according to the actual seabed soil conditions in the project. After preparation, lay soft soil foundation 2 layer by layer in the seabed environment simulation test box 1, and install buffer energy absorption layer 17 around the seabed environment simulation test box 1.

[0064] S4. Unlock the casters 24 of the lifting mechanism 3, move the adjustable pipe body 16 installation and lowering equipment to the position of the pipe body 16, lock the casters 24, and adjust the spacing of the support frame 4 according to the size of the test pipe body 16 so that the spacing of the hooks 30 of the anti-interference slide cylinder 14 is the same as the spacing of the lifting lugs on the outer wall of the pipe body 16.

[0065] S5. By controlling the hydraulic pump 23 through the drive motor 22, the hydraulic strut 21 of the lifting mechanism 3 is made to extend and retract, adjusting the lifting mechanism 3 to the set height, so that the hook 30 below the anti-interference slide 14 is connected to the lifting lug on the outer wall of the pipe body 16. The pipe body 16 is adjusted to the specified height through the traction disc 9, and the traction disc 9 is locked.

[0066] S6. Install several displacement sensors 12 below the central load-bearing rod 7. After installation, control the hydraulic pump 23 through the drive motor 22 to make the hydraulic support rod 21 of the lifting mechanism 3 extend and retract, adjust the lifting mechanism 3 to exceed the height of the seabed environment simulation test chamber 1, unlock the universal wheel 24 to move the pipeline to install and lower the equipment to the top of the seabed environment simulation test chamber 1, and lock the universal wheel 24.

[0067] S7. Unlock the traction disc 9, control the anti-interference slide 14 through the traction cable 15, so that the pipe body 16 is lowered vertically along the lifting slide rail 8. When it is lowered to near the end of the lifting slide rail 8, the damper 26 is used to reduce the lowering speed of the pipe body 16. Continue to lower the pipe body 16 until the pipe body 16 contacts the soft soil foundation 2 and the pipe body 16 and the anti-interference slide 14 are unhooked.

[0068] S8. When the pipe body 16 is settling freely, the displacement sensor 12 is used to collect the settlement amount of the pipe body 16. When the settlement data is stable, the test is stopped.

[0069] S9. After the single settlement simulation test of the pipeline body 16 is completed, replace the pipeline body 16 model with the one of the specified scale, and readjust the spacing of the support frame 4 according to the size of the test pipeline body 16 before conducting subsequent tests.

[0070] In one possible embodiment, it is preferable to determine a suitable scale ratio between 2:1 and 10:1, and the width of the seabed environment simulation test chamber 1 is 10 times the diameter of the maximum pipe body 16, and the length of the seabed environment simulation test chamber 1 is preferably 5 times the length of the maximum pipe body 16.

[0071] In one possible embodiment, since the pipe body 16 is a pipe with uniform mass, the displacement sensor 12 is used to interpolate the size to verify the uniformity of the soft soil foundation 2 prepared by the test and the reliability of the test results. If the data results collected by different displacement sensors 12 differ by less than 5%, it is considered that the layers of the soft soil foundation 2 are uniform and the results are reliable. If the difference exceeds 5%, the soft soil foundation 2 needs to be prepared again and the test needs to be carried out again.

[0072] In summary, the seabed environment simulation test chamber 1 of the present invention has a soft soil foundation 2 inside; lifting mechanisms 3 are respectively provided on both sides of the seabed environment simulation test chamber 1; a support frame 4 is fixed to the upper end of the lifting mechanism 3; the support frame 4 spans across the top of the seabed environment simulation test chamber 1; a lower load-bearing rod 5 is connected to the side of the support frame 4, an upper load-bearing rod 6 is connected to one side of the upper end of the support frame 4, and a central load-bearing rod 7 is connected to the middle of the upper end of the support frame 4; a lifting slide rail 8 is connected to the lower part of the middle of the support frame 4; a traction disc 9 is fixedly provided on the lower load-bearing rod 5, and a first slide rail 9 is fixedly provided on the upper load-bearing rod 6. The first pulley 10 and the second pulley 11 are fixedly mounted on the central load-bearing rod 7. The lower part of the central load-bearing rod 7 is equipped with a displacement sensor 12. The lifting slide rail 8 is connected to the anti-interference slide cylinder 14 through the lifting slider 13. The traction disc 9 is connected to the traction cable 15, which passes around the first pulley 10 and the second pulley 11 and then connects to the lifting slider 13. The lower end of the anti-interference slide cylinder 14 is connected to the pipeline body 16, which settles on the soft soil foundation 2 in the seabed environment simulation test chamber 1. The displacement sensor 12 measures the settlement of the pipeline body 16 on the soft soil foundation 2 in real time. During the experiment, a suitable scale was determined based on the pipe dimensions used in the actual project. A model of the pipe body 16 for the experiment was fabricated, and a seabed environment simulation test chamber 1 of the same size as the pipe body 16 model was prepared for all experiments. Lifting lugs were installed on the outer wall of the pipe body 16. Based on the dimensions of the test pipe body 16 model and the size of the seabed environment simulation test chamber 1, the height of the lifting mechanism 3 was designed to be greater than the height of the seabed environment simulation test chamber 1, and the lengths of the lower support rod 5, upper support rod 6, and central support rod 7 needed to be greater than the lengths of all test pipe body 16 models. A soft soil foundation 2 was prepared based on the seabed soil conditions in the actual project. After preparation, the foundation was laid layer by layer in the seabed environment simulation test chamber. A soft soil foundation 2 is laid inside the test chamber 1, and a buffer energy-absorbing layer 17 is installed around the seabed environment simulation test chamber 1. The casters 24 of the lifting mechanism 3 are unlocked, and the adjustable pipe body 16 is moved to the position of the installation and lowering equipment. The casters 24 are locked, and the spacing of the support frame 4 is adjusted according to the size of the test pipe body 16 so that the spacing of the hooks 30 of the anti-interference slide cylinder 14 is the same as the spacing of the lifting lugs on the outer wall of the pipe body 16. The hydraulic pump 23 is controlled by the drive motor 22 to make the hydraulic strut 21 of the lifting mechanism 3 extend and retract, and the lifting mechanism 3 is adjusted to the set height so that the hooks 30 below the anti-interference slide cylinder 14 are connected to the lifting lugs on the outer wall of the pipe body 16.Adjust the pipe body 16 to the designated height using the traction disc 9 and lock the traction disc 9; install several displacement sensors 12 below the central load-bearing rod 7. After installation, control the hydraulic pump 23 via the drive motor 22 to extend and retract the hydraulic strut 21 of the lifting mechanism 3, adjusting the lifting mechanism 3 to exceed the height of the seabed environment simulation test chamber 1. Unlock the casters 24 and move the pipe installation and lowering equipment directly above the seabed environment simulation test chamber 1, then lock the casters 24; unlock the traction disc 9 and control the anti-interference slide 14 via the traction cable 15, so that the pipe body 16 moves vertically along the lifting slide rail 8. The pipe body 16 is lowered until it approaches the end of the lifting slide rail 8. The lowering speed of the pipe body 16 is reduced using the damper 26, and the lowering continues until the pipe body 16 contacts the soft soil foundation 2 and disengages from the anti-interference slide cylinder 14. During the free settlement of the pipe body 16, the settlement amount is collected using the displacement sensor 12. The test is stopped once the settlement data stabilizes. After a single pipe body 16 settlement simulation test is completed, a pipe body 16 model of a specified scale is replaced, and the spacing of the support frame 4 is adjusted according to the dimensions of the tested pipe body 16 for subsequent tests. This invention allows for flexible control of movement and adjustment of spacing, significantly improving its applicability to pipes of different scales. It can be used to study the settlement of pipes of different scales and more accurately predict the settlement of full-size pipes. It can also reduce the size of the device, facilitating pipe installation and further improving test efficiency. It can be effectively applied to the study of pipe settlement in soft soil foundations 2, providing valuable reference data for pipe lowering tests and reliable data support for pipe settlement in actual engineering projects.

[0073] Although the present invention has been described in detail above with general descriptions and specific embodiments, modifications or improvements can be made to it, which will be obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, all such modifications or improvements made without departing from the spirit of the present invention fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A test device for measuring the settlement of a pipeline on soft soil foundation, characterized in that, The test includes a seabed environment simulation test chamber (1), which has a soft soil foundation (2) inside; lifting mechanisms (3) are provided on both sides of the seabed environment simulation test chamber (1); and a support frame (4) is fixed at the upper end of the lifting mechanism (3). The support frame (4) spans across the top of the seabed environment simulation test chamber (1); a lower load-bearing rod (5) is connected to the side of the support frame (4), an upper load-bearing rod (6) is connected to one side of the upper end of the support frame (4), and a central load-bearing rod (7) is connected to the middle of the upper end of the support frame (4); a lifting slide rail (8) is connected to the lower middle part of the support frame (4). The lower support rod (5) is fixedly equipped with a traction disc (9), the upper support rod (6) is fixedly equipped with a first pulley (10), the central support rod (7) is fixedly equipped with a second pulley (11), and a displacement sensor (12) is provided at the lower part of the central support rod (7); the lifting slide rail (8) is connected to an anti-interference slide cylinder (14) through a lifting slider (13); The traction disc (9) is connected to a traction cable (15), which passes around the first pulley (10) and the second pulley (11) and then connects to the lifting slider (13); The lower end of the anti-interference sliding tube (14) is connected to the pipe body (16), and the pipe body (16) settles on the soft soil foundation (2) in the seabed environment simulation test chamber (1); the displacement sensor (12) measures the settlement of the pipe body (16) on the soft soil foundation (2) in real time. The edge of the seabed environment simulation test chamber (1) is provided with a buffer energy-absorbing partition (17), which is made of foam board or hard sponge pad. The lifting mechanism (3) includes a hydraulic base (18), upper and lower double scissor arms (19), a hydraulic top seat (20), a hydraulic strut (21), a drive motor (22), and a hydraulic pump (23); The drive motor (22) and the hydraulic pump (23) are both fixed above the hydraulic base (18), and the drive motor (22) is connected to the hydraulic pump (23); the upper end of the upper and lower double scissor arms (19) is hinged to the hydraulic top seat (20), and the lower end of the upper and lower double scissor arms (19) is hinged to the hydraulic base (18); the hydraulic support rod (21) is connected to the hydraulic pump (23) through a hydraulic pipeline; The drive motor (22) is also equipped with a remote controller, which is electrically connected to the drive motor (22); the remote controller is used to control the start and stop of the drive motor (22); The lower end of the hydraulic base (18) is connected to a caster wheel (24); The maximum lifting height of the lifting mechanism (3) is greater than the sum of the height of the seabed environment simulation test chamber (1) and the maximum diameter of the pipe body (16); The lower load-bearing rod (5), the upper load-bearing rod (6), and the central load-bearing rod (7) are all connected to the support frame (4) through the load-bearing rod adapter sleeve (25); The lengths of the lower support rod (5), the upper support rod (6), and the central support rod (7) are all greater than the length of the largest pipe body (16); the bottom end of the lifting slide rail (8) is connected to a damper (26), which is either a spring damper (26) or a viscous damper (26); the damper (26) is used to reduce the lowering speed of the pipe body (16); The anti-interference slide tube (14) includes a slide rod body (27), a slide tube body (28), a slide rod adapter (29), and a hook (30); The upper end of the slide bar body (27) is connected to the lifting slider (13) through the slide bar adapter (29), and the lower end of the slide bar body (27) is connected to the slide cylinder body (28); the hook (30) is connected to the bottom of the slide cylinder body (28); The lifting slide rail (8), the lifting slider (13), and the anti-interference slide cylinder (14) are all symmetrically provided in two sets; the pipe body (16) is connected between the two sets of the anti-interference slide cylinders (14); The traction cable (15) passes around the second pulley (11) and then splits into two sub-traction cables (31), which are respectively connected to two sets of lifting sliders (13); The width of the seabed environment simulation test chamber (1) is 10 times the diameter of the maximum pipe body (16), and the length of the seabed environment simulation test chamber (1) is 5 times the length of the maximum pipe body (16).

2. A method for measuring the settlement of a pipeline on a soft soil foundation, using the settling measurement device for a pipeline on a soft soil foundation as described in claim 1, characterized in that... Includes the following steps: 1) Based on the pipe size used in the actual project, determine the appropriate scale, process the pipe body (16) model for the test, and prepare a seabed environment simulation test box (1) of the size of the pipe body (16) model suitable for all tests, and arrange lifting lugs on the outer wall of the pipe body (16). 2) Based on the size of the test pipeline body (16) model and the size of the seabed environment simulation test box (1), the height of the lifting mechanism (3) is designed to be greater than the height of the seabed environment simulation test box (1), and the lengths of the lower support rod (5), upper support rod (6), and central support rod (7) must be greater than the lengths of all test pipeline body (16) models. 3) Prepare a soft soil foundation (2) according to the actual seabed soil conditions in the project. After preparation, lay the soft soil foundation (2) layer by layer in the seabed environment simulation test box (1) and install a buffer energy absorption layer (17) around the seabed environment simulation test box (1). 4) Unlock the casters (24) of the lifting mechanism (3), move the adjustable pipe body (16) installation and lowering equipment to the position of the pipe body (16), lock the casters (24), and adjust the spacing of the support frame (4) according to the size of the test pipe body (16) so that the spacing of the hooks (30) of the anti-interference slide cylinder (14) is the same as the spacing of the lifting lugs on the outer wall of the pipe body (16); 5) Control the hydraulic pump (23) through the drive motor (22) to make the hydraulic strut (21) of the lifting mechanism (3) extend and retract, adjust the lifting mechanism (3) to the set height, and connect the hook (30) below the anti-interference slide (14) to the lifting lug on the outer wall of the pipe body (16). Adjust the pipe body (16) to the specified height through the traction disc (9) and lock the traction disc (9); 6) Install several displacement sensors (12) below the central load-bearing rod (7). After installation, control the hydraulic pump (23) through the drive motor (22) to make the hydraulic strut (21) of the lifting mechanism (3) extend and retract, adjust the lifting mechanism (3) to exceed the height of the seabed environment simulation test box (1), unlock the universal wheel (24) to move the pipeline to install and lower the equipment to the top of the seabed environment simulation test box (1), and lock the universal wheel (24). 7) Unlock the traction disc (9), control the anti-interference slide (14) through the traction cable (15), so that the pipe body (16) is lowered vertically along the lifting slide (8). When it is lowered to near the end of the lifting slide (8), the damper (26) is used to reduce the lowering speed of the pipe body (16), and the pipe body (16) is lowered until it contacts the soft soil foundation (2) and the pipe body (16) and the anti-interference slide (14) are unhooked. 8) When the pipe body (16) is settling freely, the displacement sensor (12) is used to collect the settlement of the pipe body (16). When the settlement data is stable, the test is stopped. 9) After the single pipeline body (16) settlement simulation test is completed, replace the pipeline body (16) model with the specified scale, readjust the spacing of the support frame (4) according to the size of the test pipeline body (16), and carry out subsequent tests.

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