A device for detecting defects in welded plate welds

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of weld defect detection of tailor-welded plates, and specifically relates to a weld defect detection device for tailor-welded plates, which includes a weld defect detector, which includes a base, two guide rails, two sliders, a placement plate, a drive cavity, a truss and four laser sensors, wherein a drive portion is arranged inside the drive cavity; the two guide rails are fixedly mounted above the base and are arranged relatively, the two sliders are respectively slidably connected above the two guide rails, and the placement plate is fixedly mounted above the two sliders, a groove is arranged in the middle of the placement plate, and a tailor-welded plate is placed above, the truss and the drive cavity are fixedly mounted above the base, and the device solves the problem that the current weld defect detection efficiency of tailor-welded plates is low, and the detection data is inaccurate, resulting in some defects that cannot be discovered and flow into subsequent processes, causing great losses.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of tailor-welded plate weld defect detection, and in particular relates to a tailor-welded plate weld defect detection device. Background Art

[0002] Welding is a common connection method. During welding, various welding defects often exist in the weld, such as undercut, depression, split, welding slag, deviation, incomplete penetration, hole, air hole, weld thinning and other defects. Some defects cannot be judged by naked eyes. At this time, a weld defect detection device is needed. The existing weld detection uses laser sensors for weld defect detection. This detection method will cause inaccurate data when detecting defects due to impurities in the weld or too fast speed during the detection process, which greatly affects the detection quality and detection efficiency. This phenomenon has become a problem that needs to be solved urgently by people in this field. Summary of the invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a device for detecting defects in weld seams of tailor-welded plates to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a device for detecting weld defects of tailor-welded plates, comprising a weld defect detector, the weld defect detector comprising a base, two guide rails, two sliders, a placement plate, a driving cavity, a truss and four laser sensors, the driving cavity being provided with a driving part; the two guide rails are fixedly mounted on the top of the base and are arranged opposite to each other, the two sliders are respectively slidably connected on the top of the two guide rails, and the placement plate is fixedly mounted on the top of the two sliders, a groove is provided in the middle of the placement plate, and a tailor-welded plate is placed on the top, the truss and the driving cavity are fixedly mounted on the top of the base, two of the laser sensors are fixedly mounted on the top of the truss and are located above the placement plate, and the other two laser sensors are fixedly mounted Above the driving cavity and below the mounting plate, the laser sensor is used to detect weld defects of the tailor-welded plate, including weld appearance defects such as undercut, dent, split, welding slag, deviation, incomplete penetration, hole, air hole and weld thinning; the laser sensor is internally provided with a laser emission module, an image processing module and a defect judgment module, the laser emission module is electrically connected to the image processing module, the image processing module is electrically connected to the defect judgment module, the laser emission module is used to emit laser to the weld of the tailor-welded plate through the laser sensor, the image processing module is used to form an image of the weld by laser irradiation of the weld with the laser sensor, and the defect judgment module is used to judge whether the weld has defects according to the formed weld image, and send the defect situation to the terminal.

[0005] The present invention further illustrates that the operation steps of the laser sensor include: step A1, placing the welded plate on the mounting plate, and aligning the weld with the laser sensor, and then the upper and lower four laser sensors emit lasers to the weld of the welded plate; step A2, forming an image of the weld through the image processing module, and then the defect judgment module judges whether the weld has defects based on the formed weld image, and sends the defect situation to the terminal and displays it on the terminal; step A3, the operator processes the defective welded plate through the information of the terminal.

[0006] The present invention further illustrates that the methods for judging weld defects in step A1 and step A2 include two categories;

[0007] The first category includes the detection of weld appearance defects such as depression, welding slag, incomplete penetration, cracks and pores by fitting an ideal plane using the least squares method and evaluating the flatness error by calculating the maximum and minimum distances between the measuring point and the fitting plane, Z = ax++by+c, a, b, c are all unknown coefficients, and x, y, z are the three coordinates of the weld point irradiated by the laser measured by the laser sensor;

[0008]

[0009] FLT t is the peak-to-valley flatness error of the weld point, n is the number of weld points detected, when Q 设1 <FLT t 设2 , Q 设1 is the lower limit of the flatness error value, Q 设2 If the flatness error value is the upper limit, the weld has no defects. Otherwise, the weld has defects such as depression, welding slag, incomplete penetration, cracks and pores.

[0010] The second category includes the detection methods of weld appearance defects such as undercut, split, deviation and weld thinning: by detecting the linear displacement value of the weld, K=f(αBθ1θ2), K is the linear displacement of the weld, f is the linear displacement coefficient, α is the distance from the weld point of the optical axis of the laser beam and the receiving optical axis to the front main surface of the laser sensor receiving lens, B is the distance from the rear main surface of the laser sensor receiving lens to the center point of the imaging surface, θ1 is the angle between the optical axis of the laser beam and the optical axis of the laser sensor receiving lens, θ2 is the angle between the measured normal and the optical axis of the laser sensor receiving lens, when K 设1 <K<K 设2 When K 设1 To set the lower limit of the weld linear displacement, K 设2 To set the upper limit of the linear displacement of the weld, the weld has no defects. Otherwise, the weld has defects such as undercut, split, deviation and weld thinning. ​

[0011] The present invention further illustrates that the driving part includes a cylinder, a connecting rod, an air pressure chamber, an air pressure plate and a blow pipe; the cylinder is fixedly installed on the left side of the inner wall of the driving chamber, the air pressure chamber is fixedly installed on the right side of the inner wall of the driving chamber, the air pressure plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the air pressure chamber, and is fixedly connected to the output end of the cylinder through a connecting rod, two blow pipes are provided, and both are installed on the right side of the driving chamber, one end of the blow pipe is connected to the inside of the air pressure chamber, and the other end faces the weld of the tailor-welded plate; the weld defect detector also includes a camera, and a weld length recognition module is provided inside the camera, the weld length recognition module is electrically connected to the cylinder, and is used to identify the weld length of the tailor-welded plate, and control the operating intensity of the cylinder according to the weld length.

[0012] The present invention further illustrates that a telescopic joint is fixedly installed on the left side of the inner wall of the driving chamber, and the telescopic joint is connected to the left side pipe of the air pressure chamber, and a control valve and a control chamber are arranged in the pipe, and the control chamber is located on the left side of the control valve, and a hole is arranged on the rear side of the driving chamber, and a rotating rod is slidably connected in the hole, a toothed disk is fixed on the front end of the rotating rod, and a gear is fixed on the rear end; a plurality of tooth blocks are arranged on the upper surface of the telescopic joint, and they are meshed with the toothed disk, and a toothed plate is fixedly installed on the bottom of the mounting plate, and the toothed plate is meshed with the gear.

[0013] The present invention further describes that a magnetic block is fixedly installed at the bottom of the connecting rod, the control chamber is located below the magnetic block, and the internal shaft is connected to a valve block, a spring is fixed between the valve block and the inner wall of the control chamber, and a sphere is arranged on the left side of the valve block; the sphere is magnetic, and the magnetic pole is opposite to the magnetic block, and the control chamber is installed in a right-tilted manner, with its left end raised.

[0014] The present invention further illustrates that the left end of the telescopic joint extends out of the driving cavity, and a buffer plate is fixedly installed on the outside, a buffer cavity is fixed on the right side of the inner wall of the driving cavity, and the buffer plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the buffer cavity; the left side of the buffer cavity is connected to the right side pipeline of the air pressure cavity, and an electric control valve is arranged inside the blowing pipe.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are as follows: the weld defect detector adopted by the present invention can quickly and efficiently detect whether there are defects in the weld of the tailor-welded plate, and remind the operator when there are defects in the weld, so as to avoid defective products flowing into the subsequent work and causing greater losses, and before the weld defect detection, the cylinder moves quickly, and drives the air pressure plate to slide to the right along the inner wall of the air pressure chamber through the connecting rod, and the gas on the right side of the air pressure plate is squeezed and quickly enters the air blowing pipe, and then is sprayed from the air blowing pipe to the weld, which can blow off the impurities and dust on the weld, thereby ensuring the cleanliness of the surface of the tailor-welded plate, so as to avoid the subsequent laser sensor being affected by impurities and dust when detecting defects, resulting in inaccurate data, thereby playing a role in improving the detection accuracy;

[0016] And according to the moving speed of the connecting rod, the speed at which the magnetic block pulls the ball to the right through the magnetic attraction force changes, thereby changing the force with which the ball hits the valve block. For long welds, the rotation amplitude of the valve block is increased, thereby increasing the speed at which the expansion joint is shortened to improve detection efficiency. For short welds, the rotation amplitude of the valve block is reduced, the air flow opening is small, and the shortening speed of the expansion joint becomes slower, thereby avoiding the laser sensor from being able to accurately measure the defects of short welds due to the fast speed, thereby further improving the accuracy of defect detection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the relative positions of the weld seam and the laser sensor of the tailor-welded plate of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the driving cavity structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the front structure inside the driving cavity of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the rear structure inside the driving cavity of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the control chamber of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 is a plan view of the control cavity of the present invention;

[0025] In the figure: 1. base; 2. guide rail; 3. slider; 4. placement plate; 41. tooth plate; 5. drive chamber; 51. cylinder; 52. connecting rod; 521. magnetic block; 53. air pressure chamber; 531. air pressure plate; 54. expansion joint; 55. control valve; 56. control chamber; 561. valve block; 562. spring; 563. sphere; 57. rotating rod; 571. toothed disc; 572. gear; 58. buffer plate; 59. buffer chamber; 6. truss; 7. laser sensor; 8. air blowing pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following is a further non-limiting detailed description of the technical solution of the present invention in conjunction with the preferred embodiments and the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] See also Figure 1-7 The present invention provides a technical solution: a tailor-welded plate weld defect detection device, comprising a weld defect detector, the weld defect detector comprising a base 1, two guide rails 2, two sliders 3, a placement plate 4, a driving cavity 5, a truss 6 and four laser sensors 7, and a driving part is arranged inside the driving cavity 5;

[0028] The two guide rails 2 are fixedly installed on the top of the base 1 and are arranged opposite to each other. The two sliders 3 are slidably connected on the top of the two guide rails 2, and the placement plate 4 is fixedly installed on the top of the two sliders 3. A groove is arranged in the middle of the placement plate 4, and a tailor-welded plate is placed on the top. The truss 6 and the driving cavity 5 are fixedly installed on the top of the base 1, wherein two laser sensors 7 are fixedly installed on the top of the truss 6 and are located above the placement plate 4, and the other two laser sensors 7 are fixedly installed on the top of the driving cavity 5 and are located below the placement plate 4. The laser sensor 7 is used to detect weld defects of the tailor-welded plate, including weld appearance defects such as undercut, depression, split, welding slag, deviation, incomplete penetration, broken holes, pores, and weld thinning;

[0029] The laser sensor 7 is internally provided with a laser emission module, an image processing module and a defect judgment module. The laser emission module is electrically connected to the image processing module, and the image processing module is electrically connected to the defect judgment module. The laser emission module is used to emit laser to the weld of the tailor-welded plate through the laser sensor 7. The image processing module is used to form an image of the weld by irradiating the weld with laser through the laser sensor 7. The defect judgment module is used to judge whether there is a defect in the weld based on the formed weld image, and send the defect situation to the terminal.

[0030] The operation steps of the laser sensor 7 include:

[0031] Step A1, placing the tailor-welded blank on the placement plate 4, and aligning the weld seam with the laser sensor 7, and then the upper and lower four laser sensors 7 emit lasers to the weld seam of the tailor-welded blank;

[0032] Step A2: The image of the weld is formed by the image processing module, and then the defect judgment module judges whether the weld has defects according to the formed weld image, and sends the defect situation to the terminal and displays it on the terminal;

[0033] Step A3: The operator processes the defective tailor-welded blanks according to the information from the terminal.

[0034] There are two main types of methods for judging weld defects in step A1 and step A2:

[0035] The first category includes the detection of weld appearance defects such as depression, welding slag, incomplete penetration, cracks and pores by fitting an ideal plane using the least square method, and evaluating the flatness error by calculating the maximum and minimum distances between the measuring point and the fitting plane, Z = ax++by+c, a, b, c are all unknown coefficients, and x, y, z are the three coordinates of the weld point irradiated by the laser measured by the laser sensor 7;

[0036] FLT t is the peak-to-valley flatness error of the weld point, n is the number of weld points detected, when Q 设1 <FLT t 设2 , Q 设1 is the lower limit of the flatness error value, Q 设2 If the flatness error value is the upper limit, the weld has no defects. Otherwise, the weld has defects such as depression, welding slag, incomplete penetration, cracks and pores.

[0037] The second category includes the detection method of weld appearance defects such as undercut, split, deviation and weld thinning: by detecting the linear displacement value of the weld, K=f(αBθ1θ2), K is the linear displacement of the weld, f is the linear displacement coefficient, α is the distance from the weld point of the optical axis of the laser beam and the receiving optical axis to the front main surface of the receiving lens of the laser sensor 7, B is the distance from the rear main surface of the receiving lens of the laser sensor 7 to the center point of the imaging surface, θ1 is the angle between the optical axis of the laser beam and the optical axis of the receiving lens of the laser sensor 7, θ2 is the angle between the measurement normal and the optical axis of the receiving lens of the laser sensor 7, when K 设1 <K<K 设2 When K 设1 To set the lower limit of the weld linear displacement, K 设2 To set the upper limit of the linear displacement of the weld, the weld has no defects, otherwise the weld has defects such as undercut, split, deviation and weld thinning;

[0038] The operator places the tailor-welded plate on the placement plate 4, and aligns its weld with the four laser sensors 7, and simultaneously performs defect detection on the welds at the bottom and top of the tailor-welded plate. During the detection process, the driving unit drives the placement plate 4 to move, and the placement plate 4 slides on the guide rail 2 through the slider 3, thereby driving the tailor-welded plate to move. When the tailor-welded plate moves, the laser sensor 7 performs real-time defect detection on the weld, which can quickly and efficiently detect whether there are defects in the weld of the tailor-welded plate, and remind the operator when there are defects in the weld, so as to avoid defective products from flowing into subsequent work and causing greater losses. ​

[0039] The driving part includes a cylinder 51, a connecting rod 52, an air pressure chamber 53, an air pressure plate 531 and an air blowing pipe 8;

[0040] The cylinder 51 is fixedly installed on the left side of the inner wall of the driving chamber 5, the air pressure chamber 53 is fixedly installed on the right side of the inner wall of the driving chamber 5, the air pressure plate 531 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the air pressure chamber 53, and is fixedly connected to the output end of the cylinder 51 through the connecting rod 52. Two air blowing pipes 8 are provided and are both installed on the right side of the driving chamber 5. One end of the air blowing pipe 8 is connected to the inside of the air pressure chamber 53, and the other end faces the weld of the tailor-welded plate.

[0041] The weld defect detector further includes a camera, and a weld length recognition module is disposed inside the camera. The weld length recognition module is electrically connected to the cylinder 51 and is used to recognize the weld length of the tailor-welded plate and control the operating intensity of the cylinder 51 according to the weld length.

[0042] Before the weld defect detection, the cylinder 51 moves quickly, and drives the air pressure plate 531 to slide to the right along the inner wall of the air pressure chamber 53 through the connecting rod 52. The gas on the right side of the air pressure plate 531 is squeezed and quickly enters the air blowing pipe 8, and then is sprayed from the air blowing pipe 8 to the weld, which can blow off the impurities and dust on the weld, thereby ensuring the cleanliness of the surface of the welded blank. This can avoid the subsequent laser sensor 7 from being affected by impurities and dust when detecting defects, resulting in inaccurate data, thereby improving the detection accuracy. After the subsequent defect detection is completed, the cylinder 51 is reset;

[0043] The operating intensity of the cylinder 51 is controlled according to the length of the weld, thereby controlling the moving speed of the connecting rod 52 and changing the blowing intensity of the blowing pipe 8. If the weld is short, blow with a small force to ensure that the weld is cleaned. If the weld is long, increase the blowing force to avoid the left end of the weld being affected by a small wind force, resulting in incomplete cleaning of impurities, thereby fully ensuring the cleaning effect.

[0044] A telescopic joint 54 is fixedly installed on the left side of the inner wall of the driving chamber 5, and the telescopic joint 54 is connected to the left pipe of the air pressure chamber 53, and a control valve 55 and a control chamber 56 are arranged in the pipe, and the control chamber 56 is located on the left side of the control valve 55. A hole is arranged on the rear side of the driving chamber 5, and a rotating rod 57 is slidably connected in the hole, and a toothed disc 571 is fixed at the front end of the rotating rod 57, and a gear 572 is fixed at the rear end;

[0045] The upper surface of the telescopic joint 54 is provided with a plurality of tooth blocks, which mesh with the toothed disc 571. The bottom of the placement plate 4 is fixedly provided with a toothed disc 41, which meshes with the gear 572.

[0046] When the cylinder 51 drives the connecting rod 52 to move to the right to the limit position, the control valve 55 is opened, and negative pressure is generated on the left side of the air pressure plate 531, and the gas in the expansion joint 54 is extracted through the pipeline. The gas in the expansion joint 54 enters the control chamber 56 through the pipeline, and then enters the air pressure chamber 53 through the control valve 55, so that the expansion joint 54 is shortened. The expansion joint 54 drives the toothed disc 571 to rotate through the engagement of the tooth block with the toothed disc 571, and the toothed disc 571 drives the gear 572 to rotate through the rotating rod 57. The gear 572 drives the placement plate 4 to move through the engagement with the toothed plate 41, so as to facilitate the defect detection of the entire weld of the tailor-welded plate. First, the weld is cleaned by blowing air, and then the weld defect detection is performed, which can maximize the weld detection accuracy. After the weld defect detection is completed, the cylinder 51 is reset, so that the expansion joint 54 is extended and reset again, and then the control valve 55 is closed again, and the above operation is repeated to ensure automated, efficient, continuous and high-precision defect detection.

[0047] A magnetic block 521 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the connecting rod 52, the control chamber 56 is located below the magnetic block 521, and the internal shaft is connected to a valve block 561, a spring 562 is fixed between the valve block 561 and the inner wall of the control chamber 56, and a ball 563 is arranged on the left side of the valve block 561;

[0048] The ball 563 is magnetic, and its magnetic pole is opposite to that of the magnetic block 521. The control chamber 56 is installed in a rightward tilted manner, with its left end tilted up;

[0049] Through the above steps, when the connecting rod 52 moves, the magnetic block 521 is driven to move, and the magnetic block 521 drives the ball 563 to move through the magnetic attraction force, so that the magnetic ball 563 hits the valve block 561, and the valve block 561 rotates through the shaft, thereby opening the control chamber 56, so that the airflow flows, and at the same time, the spring 562 is deformed by the force, and then the valve block 561 is pressed to be immobile due to the weight of the ball 563, so that the airflow keeps flowing;

[0050] According to the moving speed of the connecting rod 52, the speed at which the magnetic block 521 pulls the ball 563 to the right through the magnetic attraction force changes, thereby changing the force with which the ball 563 hits the valve block 561. For a long weld, the rotation amplitude of the valve block 561 is increased, thereby increasing the shortening speed of the telescopic joint 54 to improve the detection efficiency. For a short weld, the rotation amplitude of the valve block 561 is reduced, the air flow opening is small, and the shortening speed of the telescopic joint 54 becomes slower, thereby avoiding the laser sensor 7 from being unable to accurately measure the defect of the short weld due to the fast speed, thereby further improving the accuracy of defect detection.

[0051] The left end of the telescopic joint 54 extends out of the driving chamber 5, and a buffer plate 58 is fixedly installed on the outside. A buffer chamber 59 is fixed on the right side of the inner wall of the driving chamber 5, and the buffer plate 58 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the buffer chamber 59.

[0052] The left side of the buffer chamber 59 is connected to the right side of the air pressure chamber 53 through a pipeline, and an electric control valve is provided inside the air blowing pipe 8;

[0053] When the blowing pipe 8 blows air to the weld, the electric control valve opens, and closes again after the blowing is completed. After the blowing is completed, the weld defect detection is carried out. When the air pressure plate 531 moves quickly to the right and the telescopic joint 54 shortens, the buffer plate 58 is driven to move. The buffer plate 58 slides to the left along the inner wall of the buffer cavity 59. The gas on the left side of the buffer plate 58 is squeezed and enters the right side of the air pressure cavity 53 through the pipeline, thereby performing air pressure buffering on the air pressure plate 531. This can prevent the placement plate 4 from stopping momentarily and causing the welded plate to slide out of the placement plate 4 due to inertia, thereby protecting the welded plate.

[0054] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", etc. indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0055] Finally, it should be pointed out that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, a person skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the above embodiments can still be modified, or some of the technical features can be replaced by equivalents, and these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A weld defect detection device for tailor-welded blanks, comprising a weld defect detector, characterized in that: The weld defect detector comprises a base (1), two guide rails (2), two slide blocks (3), a placement plate (4), a drive cavity (5), a truss (6), and four laser sensors (7); a drive unit is disposed inside the drive cavity (5); The two guide rails (2) are fixedly mounted on the top of the base (1) and are arranged opposite to each other. The two sliders (3) are respectively slidably connected to the top of the two guide rails (2), and the placement plate (4) is fixedly mounted on the top of the two sliders (3). A groove is arranged in the middle of the placement plate (4), and a tailor-welded plate is placed on the top. The truss (6) and the drive cavity (5) are fixedly mounted on the top of the base (1). Two of the laser sensors (7) are fixedly mounted on the top of the truss (6) and are located above the placement plate (4). The other two laser sensors (7) are fixedly mounted on the top of the drive cavity (5) and are located below the placement plate (4). The laser sensors (7) are used to detect weld defects of the tailor-welded plate, including weld appearance defects such as undercut, depression, split, welding slag, deviation, incomplete penetration, hole, air hole, and weld thinning. The laser sensor (7) is provided with a laser emission module, an image processing module and a defect judgment module inside. The laser emission module is electrically connected to the image processing module, and the image processing module is electrically connected to the defect judgment module. The laser emission module is used to emit laser light to the weld of the tailor-welded plate through the laser sensor (7). The image processing module is used to form an image of the weld by irradiating the weld with laser light through the laser sensor (7). The defect judgment module is used to judge whether the weld has defects based on the formed weld image and send the defect situation to the terminal. The operation steps of the laser sensor (7) include: Step A1, placing the tailor-welded blank on the placement plate (4), and aligning the weld seam with the laser sensor (7), and then the upper and lower four laser sensors (7) emit lasers to the weld seam of the tailor-welded blank; Step A2: The image of the weld is formed by the image processing module, and then the defect judgment module judges whether the weld has defects according to the formed weld image, and sends the defect situation to the terminal and displays it on the terminal; Step A3: The operator processes the defective tailor-welded blanks through the information of the terminal. The judgment methods of the weld defects in step A1 and step A2 include two categories; The first category includes the detection of weld appearance defects such as depression, welding slag, incomplete penetration, cracks and pores by using the least squares method to fit the ideal plane and evaluate the flatness error by calculating the maximum and minimum distances between the measuring point and the fitting plane. , are all undetermined coefficients, are three coordinates of the welding point irradiated by the laser measured by the laser sensor (7); , is the peak-to-valley flatness error of the weld point, is the number of weld points to be tested, when , is the lower limit of the flatness error value. If the flatness error value is the upper limit, the weld has no defects. Otherwise, the weld has defects such as depression, welding slag, incomplete penetration, cracks and pores. The second category includes the detection methods of weld appearance defects such as undercut, split, deviation and weld thinning: by detecting the linear displacement value of the weld, , is the linear displacement of the weld, is the linear displacement coefficient, is the distance from the optical axis of the laser beam and the welding point of the receiving optical axis to the front main surface of the receiving lens of the laser sensor (7), is the distance from the rear main surface of the receiving lens of the laser sensor (7) to the center point of the imaging surface, is the angle between the optical axis of the laser beam and the optical axis of the receiving lens of the laser sensor (7), To measure the angle between the normal and the optical axis of the receiving lens of the laser sensor (7), hour, To set the lower limit of the weld linear displacement, To set an upper limit of the linear displacement of the weld, if the weld has no defects, otherwise the weld has defects such as undercut, split, deviation and weld thinning. The driving unit includes a cylinder (51), a connecting rod (52), an air pressure chamber (53), an air pressure plate (531) and an air blowing pipe (8); The cylinder (51) is fixedly mounted on the left side of the inner wall of the driving chamber (5); the air pressure chamber (53) is fixedly mounted on the right side of the inner wall of the driving chamber (5); the air pressure plate (531) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the air pressure chamber (53) and is fixedly connected to the output end of the cylinder (51) via a connecting rod (52); two air blowing pipes (8) are provided and are both mounted on the right side of the driving chamber (5); one end of the air blowing pipe (8) is connected to the inside of the air pressure chamber (53) and the other end faces the weld of the tailor-welded plate; The weld defect detector further comprises a camera, and a weld length identification module is arranged inside the camera, the weld length identification module is electrically connected to the cylinder (51), and is used to identify the weld length of the tailor-welded plate, and control the operating intensity of the cylinder (51) according to the weld length; a telescopic joint (54) is fixedly installed on the left side of the inner wall of the driving chamber (5), the telescopic joint (54) is connected to the left side pipeline of the air pressure chamber (53), and a control valve (55) and a control chamber (56) are arranged in the pipeline, the control chamber (56) is located on the left side of the control valve (55); a hole is arranged on the rear side of the driving chamber (5), and a rotating rod (57) is slidably connected in the hole, and a toothed disc (571) is fixed on the front end of the rotating rod (57), and a gear (572) is fixed on the rear end; A plurality of tooth blocks are provided on the upper surface of the telescopic joint (54) and mesh with the toothed disc (571); a toothed plate (41) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the placement plate (4); and the toothed plate (41) meshes with the gear (572).

2. The device for detecting weld defects of tailor-welded blanks according to claim 1, characterized in that: A magnetic block (521) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the connecting rod (52); the control chamber (56) is located below the magnetic block (521); and the internal shaft is connected to a valve block (561); a spring (562) is fixed between the valve block (561) and the inner wall of the control chamber (56); and a sphere (563) is arranged on the left side of the valve block (561); The sphere (563) is magnetic, and its magnetic pole is opposite to that of the magnetic block (521). The control chamber (56) is installed in a rightward tilted manner, with its left end tilted up.

3. The device for detecting weld defects of tailor-welded blanks according to claim 2, characterized in that: The left end of the telescopic joint (54) extends out of the driving cavity (5), and a buffer plate (58) is fixedly mounted on the outside; a buffer cavity (59) is fixed on the right side of the inner wall of the driving cavity (5), and the buffer plate (58) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the buffer cavity (59); The left side of the buffer chamber (59) is connected to the right side of the air pressure chamber (53) through a pipeline, and an electric control valve is provided inside the air blowing pipe (8).

Images