Formation Control Method and Formation System for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Abstract

The present application provides a formation control method and a formation system for a lithium-ion battery. The method includes: obtaining the actual process parameters of the lithium-ion battery in the formation process and the first data sets of a plurality of historical formation processes, where each first data set of a historical formation process includes the formation gas generation rate change data of the historical formation process, the gram capacity performance of the lithium supplement additive after the formation ends, and the historical lithium deintercalation effect characteristic quantity; determining the reference range of the lithium deintercalation effect characteristics of the lithium supplement additive according to the plurality of first data sets; predicting the lithium deintercalation effect characteristic quantity of the lithium supplement additive in the formation process according to the actual process parameters; determining the deviation value of the lithium deintercalation effect characteristic quantity relative to the reference range according to the lithium deintercalation effect characteristic quantity and the reference range; in the case where the deviation value is greater than a preset threshold, determining the parameter to be adjusted and the adjustment priority of the parameter to be adjusted according to the deviation value, and adjusting the formation process according to the parameter to be adjusted and the adjustment priority.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of lithium-ion battery formation, and in particular, to a formation control method and a formation system for a lithium-ion battery. Background Art

[0002] The current formation process of lithium-ion batteries includes a SEI (Solid Electrolyte Interface) film formation stage and a lithium supplement agent de-lithiation stage. In the SEI film formation stage, a low voltage is adopted and the process of the non-lithium-supplemented battery core is followed; in the lithium supplement agent de-lithiation stage, a high voltage is adopted, and a 2- to 3-stage current reduction step is adopted to charge the battery to the lithium supplement agent de-lithiation voltage.

[0003] In the mass production process from powder feeding to battery core assembly, due to phenomena such as material batch differences, lithium supplement agent distribution differences, and cumulative dimensional tolerances, there are performance differences between battery cores. However, the current formation process cannot adapt to the differences between battery cores, resulting in differences in the lithium supplement agent de-lithiation effect of the battery during the formation process, thereby exacerbating the problem of inconsistent performance of the battery cores. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main purpose of the present application is to provide a formation control method and a formation system for a lithium-ion battery, so as to at least solve the problem of poor stability of the lithium supplement agent de-lithiation effect of the battery during the formation process in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present application, a formation control method for a lithium-ion battery is provided, including: obtaining the actual process parameters of the lithium-ion battery in the formation process and the first data sets of a plurality of historical formation processes, wherein the first data set of each historical formation process includes the formation gas production speed change data of the historical formation process, the gram capacity utilization of the lithium supplement additive after the formation is completed, and the historical de-lithiation effect characteristic quantity; determining a reference range of the de-lithiation effect characteristics of the lithium supplement additive according to the plurality of first data sets, the de-lithiation effect characteristics being used to describe the de-lithiation effect; predicting the de-lithiation effect characteristic quantity of the lithium supplement additive in the formation process according to the actual process parameters, the de-lithiation effect characteristic quantity being a characteristic value of the de-lithiation effect characteristics; determining a deviation value of the de-lithiation effect characteristic quantity relative to the reference range according to the de-lithiation effect characteristic quantity and the reference range; and in the case where the deviation value is greater than a preset threshold, determining a parameter to be adjusted and the adjustment priority of the parameter to be adjusted according to the deviation value, and adjusting the formation process according to the parameter to be adjusted and the adjustment priority, so that the deviation value corresponding to the de-lithiation effect characteristic quantity after adjustment is less than or equal to the preset threshold, the parameter to be adjusted being the actual process parameter to be adjusted.

[0006] Optionally, the first data set includes the formation gas production rate change data corresponding to multiple historical time nodes in the historical formation process, the specific capacity utilization corresponding to the historical formation process, and the historical de-lithiation effect characteristic quantities corresponding to multiple historical time nodes. The multiple historical time nodes are nodes characterizing the process progress of the corresponding historical formation process. Based on the multiple first data sets, determining a reference range for the de-lithiation effect characteristics of the lithium supplement additive includes: screening, from the multiple first data sets, at least one of the historical de-lithiation effect characteristic quantities corresponding to the first target parameter value at each historical time node as the preliminary historical de-lithiation effect characteristic quantity, where the first target parameter value is one of the minimum formation gas production rate change data and the maximum specific capacity utilization; determining the preliminary historical de-lithiation effect characteristic quantity corresponding to the second target parameter value at each historical time node as the de-lithiation effect reference value, obtaining the reference range characterizing the change of the de-lithiation effect reference value over time, where the second target parameter value is the other of the minimum formation gas production rate change data and the maximum specific capacity utilization, and the de-lithiation effect reference value is the reference value of the de-lithiation effect characteristics.

[0007] Optionally, there are multiple actual process parameters, and the multiple actual process parameters include formation current, formation temperature, and cut-off voltage. The preset thresholds include a first threshold and a second threshold that increase in sequence. In the case where the deviation value is greater than the preset threshold, based on the deviation value, determining the parameter to be adjusted and the adjustment priority of the parameter to be adjusted includes: in the case where the deviation value is greater than the first threshold and less than or equal to the second threshold, determining the parameters to be adjusted as the formation current and the formation temperature, and determining the adjustment priority as the priorities of the formation current and the formation temperature decreasing in sequence; in the case where the deviation value is greater than the second threshold, determining the parameters to be adjusted as the formation current, the formation temperature, and the cut-off voltage, and determining the adjustment priority as the priorities of the formation current, the cut-off voltage, and the formation temperature decreasing in sequence.

[0008] Optionally, adjust the formation process according to the parameter to be adjusted and the adjustment priority, so that the deviation value corresponding to the delithiation effect characteristic quantity after adjustment is less than or equal to the preset threshold, including: a first determination step of determining, according to the adjustment priority, the parameter to be adjusted with the highest priority as the target parameter; an adjustment step of adjusting the magnitude of the target parameter according to the deviation value and performing formation on the lithium-ion battery using the adjusted target parameter; a second determination step of determining, in the case where the deviation value after adjustment is greater than the preset threshold, the parameter to be adjusted after the previous target parameter according to the adjustment priority as the new target parameter; and a loop step of repeatedly executing the second determination step and the adjustment step until the deviation value after adjustment is less than or equal to the preset threshold or until the formation process ends.

[0009] Optionally, predict the delithiation effect characteristic quantity of the lithium-ion battery in the formation process according to the actual process parameters, including: establishing a deep learning model based on artificial intelligence, where the deep learning model is trained by machine learning using a plurality of second data sets, and each of the second data sets includes: historical process parameters of the formation process and corresponding historical delithiation effect characteristic quantities; and analyzing the actual process parameters using the deep learning model to predict the delithiation effect characteristic quantity.

[0010] Optionally, obtain the actual process parameters of the lithium-ion battery in the formation process, including: determining target process parameters based on the delithiation reaction equation of the lithium supplement additive, where the target process parameters include at least some of the following: formation current, cut-off voltage, and formation temperature; and obtaining the actual values of the target process parameters to obtain the actual process parameters.

[0011] Optionally, before obtaining the reference range of the delithiation effect characteristics of the lithium supplement additive, the method further includes: obtaining the capacity curve of the lithium-ion battery in the formation process; and extracting the delithiation effect characteristics including the capacity utilization rate of the lithium supplement agent and the actual voltage from the capacity curve, where the capacity utilization rate of the lithium supplement agent is the ratio of the actual capacity to the theoretical capacity of the lithium supplement additive.

[0012] Optionally, the reference range includes a utilization rate threshold and a voltage threshold. According to the delithiation effect characteristic quantity and the reference range, determining the deviation value of the delithiation effect characteristic quantity relative to the reference range includes: determining the difference between the utilization rate threshold and the actual value of the lithium supplement agent capacity utilization rate as the first deviation according to the actual value of the lithium supplement agent capacity utilization rate and the utilization rate threshold; determining the difference between the actual voltage value and the voltage threshold as the second deviation according to the actual voltage value and the voltage threshold, and the first deviation and the second deviation constitute the deviation value.

[0013] Optionally, the utilization rate threshold is 95%, and the voltage threshold is 4.2V.

[0014] According to another aspect of the present application, a formation system for a lithium-ion battery is provided, including: a formation device for the lithium-ion battery, configured to perform the formation process of the lithium-ion battery; a control device of the formation device, including one or more processors, a memory, and one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and are configured to be executed by the one or more processors, and the one or more programs include those for executing any one of the methods.

[0015] Applying the technical solution of the present application, based on the data of the formation gas production speed change during the historical formation process, the gram capacity utilization of the lithium supplement additive after the formation ends, and the historical delithiation effect characteristic quantity, a reference range of the delithiation effect characteristic is determined. During the formation process of the lithium-ion battery, the delithiation effect characteristic quantity is predicted, and according to the deviation value of the predicted delithiation effect characteristic quantity relative to the reference range, the parameters to be adjusted during the formation process are adjusted according to the adjustment priority, so that the adjusted deviation value is less than a preset threshold, that is, the adjusted delithiation effect characteristic quantity is relatively close to the reference range of the delithiation effect characteristic, realizing the online regulation of the delithiation effect of the lithium supplement additive during the formation process of the lithium-ion battery, ensuring that the release effect of the lithium supplement additive in the formation process is good, the delithiation effect is relatively stable and has good consistency, solving the technical problem of poor stability of the delithiation effect of the lithium supplement agent in the existing formation process, and ensuring good consistency of the electrical performance of the battery cells. Description of the Drawings

[0016] The specification drawings forming a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present application. The schematic embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation to the present application. In the drawings:

[0017] Figure 1 It shows a hardware structure block diagram of a mobile terminal for performing a formation control method of a lithium-ion battery provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0018] Figure 2 The flowchart shows a formation control method for a lithium-ion battery provided according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 3 The block diagram shows a formation control device for a lithium-ion battery provided according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0020] Among them, the attached drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0021] 102, processor; 104, memory; 106, transmission device; 108, input / output device. Detailed implementation manners

[0022] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0023] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the attached drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0024] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application and the attached drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and do not necessarily need to be used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances so as to describe the embodiments of the present application here. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product or device including a series of steps or units does not necessarily need to be limited to those clearly listed steps or units, but may include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0025] As introduced in the background art, the delithiation effect stability of the lithium supplement agent in the battery during the formation process of the prior art is poor. To solve the above technical problems, the embodiments of the present application provide a formation control method and a formation system for a lithium-ion battery.

[0026] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the attached drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0027] The method embodiments provided in the embodiments of the present application can be executed on a mobile terminal, a computer terminal, or a similar computing device. Taking running on a mobile terminal as an example, Figure 1 is a hardware structure block diagram of a mobile terminal for a formation control method of a lithium-ion battery according to an embodiment of the present invention. As Figure 1 shown, the mobile terminal may include one or more ( Figure 1 only one is shown in the figure) processors 102 (the processor 102 may include, but is not limited to, a processing device such as a microprocessor MCU or a programmable logic device FPGA) and a memory 104 for storing data. Among them, the mobile terminal may further include a transmission device 106 for communication functions and an input / output device 108. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that Figure 1 the structure shown in the figure is only schematic and does not limit the structure of the mobile terminal. For example, the mobile terminal may further include more or fewer components than Figure 1 shown in the figure, or have a different configuration from Figure 1 shown in the figure.

[0028] The memory 104 can be used to store computer programs. For example, software programs and modules of application software, such as the computer program corresponding to the formation control method of the lithium-ion battery in the embodiments of the present invention. The processor 102 executes various functional applications and data processing by running the computer program stored in the memory 104, that is, implements the described method. The memory 104 may include a high-speed random access memory and may also include a non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic storage devices, flash memories, or other non-volatile solid-state memories. In some instances, the memory 104 may further include a memory remotely disposed relative to the processor 102, and these remote memories may be connected to the mobile terminal through a network. Examples of the network include, but are not limited to, the Internet, an enterprise intranet, a local area network, a mobile communication network, and combinations thereof. The transmission device 106 is used to receive or send data via a network. Specific examples of the network may include a wireless network provided by a communication provider of the mobile terminal. In one instance, the transmission device 106 includes a network adapter (Network Interface Controller, abbreviated as NIC), which can be connected to other network devices through a base station and thus can communicate with the Internet. In one instance, the transmission device 106 may be a radio frequency (Radio Frequency, abbreviated as RF) module, which is used to communicate with the Internet wirelessly.

[0029] In this embodiment, a formation control method for a lithium-ion battery operating on a mobile terminal, a computer terminal, or a similar computing device is provided. It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart of the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions. And although the logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described can be executed in a different order than here.

[0030] Figure 2 is a flowchart of a formation control method for a lithium-ion battery according to an embodiment of the present application. As Figure 2 shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0031] Step S201, obtain the actual process parameters of the formation process of the lithium-ion battery and the first data sets of multiple historical formation processes. Each of the first data sets of the historical formation processes includes the formation gas generation rate change data of the historical formation process, the gram capacity utilization of the lithium supplement additive after the formation ends, and the historical de-lithiation effect characteristic quantity;

[0032] Specifically, relative to multiple historical formation processes, the formation process can be understood as the current formation process. One historical formation process corresponds to one first data set. The actual process parameters are the process parameters that need to be controlled in the formation process. The gram capacity utilization refers to the capacity utilized by each gram of the lithium supplement additive. The historical de-lithiation effect characteristic quantity refers to the characteristic value of the de-lithiation effect characteristics in the historical formation process.

[0033] Step S202, determine the reference range of the de-lithiation effect characteristics of the lithium supplement additive according to the multiple first data sets, and the de-lithiation effect characteristics are used to describe the de-lithiation effect;

[0034] Specifically, the reference range may include only one endpoint value, or may include a value range composed of two endpoint values.

[0035] Step S203, predict the de-lithiation effect characteristic quantity of the lithium supplement additive in the formation process according to the actual process parameters, and the de-lithiation effect characteristic quantity is the characteristic value of the de-lithiation effect characteristics;

[0036] Step S204, determine the deviation value of the de-lithiation effect characteristic quantity relative to the reference range according to the de-lithiation effect characteristic quantity and the reference range;

[0037] Specifically, by comparing the size of the de-lithiation effect characteristic quantity with the reference range, the deviation value is obtained.

[0038] Step S205: When the deviation value is greater than a preset threshold, determine, according to the deviation value, a parameter to be adjusted and the adjustment priority of the parameter to be adjusted, and adjust the formation process according to the parameter to be adjusted and the adjustment priority, so that the deviation value corresponding to the delithiation effect characteristic quantity after adjustment is less than or equal to the preset threshold, where the parameter to be adjusted is the actual process parameter to be adjusted.

[0039] Specifically, there are multiple parameters to be adjusted obtained according to the deviation value, and the adjustment priority is used to represent the priority order of the multiple parameters to be adjusted.

[0040] Through the above embodiments, first, obtain the actual process parameters of the lithium-ion battery in the formation process and the first data sets of multiple historical formation processes. The first data sets include the data of the change in the formation gas production rate in the historical formation process, the specific capacity performance of the lithium supplement additive after the historical formation process, and the historical delithiation effect characteristic quantity of the historical formation process. Then, according to the obtained multiple first data sets, determine the reference range of the delithiation effect characteristic of the lithium supplement additive. Next, according to the obtained actual process parameters, predict the delithiation effect characteristic quantity of the lithium supplement additive in the formation process. And determine the deviation value of the predicted delithiation effect characteristic quantity relative to the reference range. Finally, when the deviation value is greater than the preset threshold, determine the parameter to be adjusted and its adjustment priority from the actual process parameters according to the deviation value, and adjust the formation process according to the parameter to be adjusted and the adjustment priority, so that the deviation value of the delithiation effect characteristic quantity of the adjusted formation process relative to the reference range is not greater than the preset threshold. According to the data of the change in the formation gas production rate in the historical formation process, the specific capacity performance of the lithium supplement additive after the formation, and the historical delithiation effect characteristic quantity, the present application determines the reference range of the delithiation effect characteristic, predicts the delithiation effect characteristic quantity during the formation of the lithium-ion battery, and adjusts the parameter to be adjusted during the formation according to the adjustment priority according to the deviation value of the predicted delithiation effect characteristic quantity relative to the reference range, so that the adjusted deviation value is less than the preset threshold, that is, the adjusted delithiation effect characteristic quantity is relatively close to the reference range of the delithiation effect characteristic, realizing the online regulation of the delithiation effect of the lithium supplement additive during the formation of the lithium-ion battery, ensuring that the release effect of the lithium supplement additive in the formation process is good, the delithiation effect is relatively stable and the consistency is good, solving the technical problem of poor stability of the delithiation effect of the lithium supplement agent of the battery in the existing formation process, and ensuring good consistency of the electrical performance of the battery core.

[0041] In an alternative solution, the first data set includes the formation gas production rate change data corresponding to multiple historical time nodes in the historical formation process, the specific capacity utilization corresponding to the historical formation process, and the historical de-lithiation effect characteristic quantities corresponding to multiple historical time nodes. The multiple historical time nodes are nodes characterizing the process progress of the corresponding historical formation process. Step S202: According to the multiple first data sets, determine the reference range of the de-lithiation effect characteristics of the lithium supplement additive, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0042] Step S2021: Screen at least one of the historical de-lithiation effect characteristic quantities corresponding to the first target parameter value under each historical time node from the multiple first data sets as the preliminary historical de-lithiation effect characteristic quantity. The first target parameter value is one of the smallest formation gas production rate change data and the largest specific capacity utilization.

[0043] Specifically, screen at least one of the historical de-lithiation effect characteristic quantities corresponding to the smallest formation gas production rate change data or the largest specific capacity utilization under each historical time node from the multiple first data sets as the preliminary historical de-lithiation effect characteristic quantity, that is, each historical time node corresponds to at least one preliminary historical de-lithiation effect characteristic quantity.

[0044] Step S2022: Determine the preliminary historical de-lithiation effect characteristic quantity corresponding to the second target parameter value under each historical time node as the de-lithiation effect reference value, and obtain the reference range characterizing the change of the de-lithiation effect reference value over time. The second target parameter value is the other one of the smallest formation gas production rate change data and the largest specific capacity utilization, and the de-lithiation effect reference value is the reference value of the de-lithiation effect characteristic.

[0045] Specifically, screen the preliminary historical de-lithiation effect characteristic quantity corresponding to the other one of the smallest formation gas production rate change data and the largest specific capacity utilization from the preliminary historical de-lithiation effect characteristic quantities under each historical time node as the de-lithiation effect reference value, and obtain the de-lithiation effect reference value under each historical time node. When the first target parameter value is the smallest formation gas production rate change data, the second target parameter value is the largest specific capacity utilization; when the first target parameter value is the largest specific capacity utilization, the second target parameter value is the smallest formation gas production rate change data.

[0046] In the embodiment, based on the principle of maximizing the lithium content and maintaining the most stable gas generation rate during formation, the lithium removal effect characteristic quantity is calibrated according to the lithium content and the gas generation rate change data of the lithium supplement additive in the historical formation process. Specifically, the minimum gas generation rate change data and the historical lithium removal effect characteristic quantity corresponding to the maximum lithium content at each historical time node are determined from multiple first data sets as the lithium removal effect reference value at each historical time node, and an optimal reference range characterizing the change of the lithium removal effect reference value over time is obtained, further ensuring that the reference value of the lithium removal effect characteristic at each time node can be obtained more accurately.

[0047] Specifically, a first data set includes multiple gas generation rate change data, one lithium content, and multiple historical lithium removal effect characteristic quantities. Different first data sets correspond to the same historical time nodes. For example, multiple first data sets all include data corresponding to three historical time nodes: the initial node, the intermediate node, and the end node; or, multiple first data sets all include data corresponding to four historical time nodes: 8:00, 8:30, 9:00, and 9:30, etc. The multiple time nodes of the actual process parameters correspond one-to-one with the multiple historical time nodes of the historical formation process.

[0048] It should be noted that in step S2021, if there is only one preliminary historical lithium removal effect characteristic quantity at a selected historical time node, then in step S2022, the lithium removal effect reference value at this historical time node is this one preliminary historical lithium removal effect characteristic quantity. In step S2021, if there are multiple preliminary historical lithium removal effect characteristic quantities at a selected historical time node, then in step S2022, the preliminary historical lithium removal effect characteristic quantity corresponding to the second target parameter needs to be selected from the multiple preliminary historical lithium removal effect characteristic quantities at this historical time node as the lithium removal effect reference value at this historical time node.

[0049] Among them, the formation conditions of multiple historical formation processes are different, including but not limited to that the charging rates during the charging process of lithium-ion batteries corresponding to multiple historical formation processes are 0.01C (indicating that the battery is charged at a speed of 0.01 times its rated capacity per hour) / 0.02C (the battery is charged at a speed of 0.02 times its rated capacity per hour) / 0.1C (the battery is charged at a speed of 0.1 times its rated capacity per hour), etc., the formation negative pressures are -60 kPa / -70 kPa / -80 kPa, etc., and the formation voltages are 4.0V / 4.1V / 4.2V, etc.

[0050] The gas generation rate change data can be obtained by acquiring the gas generation amount during the formation process, then calculating the gas generation rate based on the gas generation amount, and then calculating the gas generation rate change rate.

[0051] According to some further exemplary embodiments of the present application, there are multiple actual process parameters, and the multiple actual process parameters include formation current, formation temperature, and cut-off voltage. The preset thresholds include a first threshold and a second threshold that increase in sequence. When the deviation value is greater than the preset threshold, according to the deviation value, the parameter to be adjusted and the adjustment priority of the parameter to be adjusted are determined, including: when the deviation value is greater than the first threshold and less than or equal to the second threshold, determining that the parameters to be adjusted are the formation current and the formation temperature, and determining that the adjustment priorities of the formation current and the formation temperature decrease in sequence; when the deviation value is greater than the second threshold, determining that the parameters to be adjusted are the formation current, the formation temperature, and the cut-off voltage, and determining that the adjustment priorities of the formation current, the cut-off voltage, and the formation temperature decrease in sequence. In this embodiment, the adjustment of the formation process is divided into two stages according to the magnitude of the deviation value. When the deviation value is greater than the first threshold and not greater than the second threshold, it enters the first adjustment stage. Compared with the reference range, the deviation of the lithium deintercalation effect characteristic quantity in this stage is not large. At this time, the parameters to be adjusted are determined as the formation current and the formation temperature, and it is determined that the adjustment is carried out according to the adjustment priority of adjusting the formation current first and then the formation temperature; when the deviation value is greater than the second threshold, it enters the second adjustment stage. Compared with the reference range, the current deviation of the lithium deintercalation effect characteristic quantity in this stage is relatively large. At this time, it is determined that all three actual process parameters of the formation current, the formation temperature, and the cut-off voltage need to be adjusted, and it is determined that the adjustment is carried out according to the adjustment priority of adjusting the formation current first, then the cut-off voltage, and then the formation temperature. By dividing the adjustment of the formation process into stages and adjusting the formation process based on the parameters to be adjusted and the adjustment priority, the deviation value can be efficiently and quickly adjusted to not be greater than the first threshold, further ensuring that the lithium deintercalation effect of the formation process is relatively stable and has a good effect, and further ensuring that the performance consistency of the lithium-ion battery is relatively good.

[0052] In order to further achieve an efficient and rapid adjustment of the deviation value of the delithiation effect characteristic quantity, thereby further ensuring better stability and consistency of the formation delithiation, in some alternative solutions, the formation process is adjusted according to the parameter to be adjusted and the adjustment priority, so that the deviation value corresponding to the delithiation effect characteristic quantity after adjustment is less than or equal to the preset threshold, including: a first determination step of determining, according to the adjustment priority, the parameter to be adjusted with the highest priority as the target parameter; an adjustment step of adjusting the magnitude of the target parameter according to the deviation value, and using the adjusted target parameter to perform formation on the lithium-ion battery, that is, increasing or decreasing the magnitude of the target parameter in the formation process; a second determination step of, in the case where the deviation value after adjustment is greater than the preset threshold, determining, according to the adjustment priority, the parameter to be adjusted after the previous target parameter as the new target parameter, where the target parameter adjusted in the previous step of the second determination step is the previous target parameter; a loop step of repeatedly executing the second determination step and the adjustment step until the deviation value after adjustment is less than or equal to the preset threshold or until the formation process ends. In this embodiment, according to the adjustment priority, the magnitudes of multiple parameters to be adjusted in the formation process are adjusted in sequence, and it is determined whether the deviation value meets the requirements of the preset threshold after each parameter to be adjusted is adjusted. By cyclically adjusting multiple parameters to be adjusted, a closed-loop fine adjustment of the delithiation effect characteristic quantity is achieved until the formation process is completed, further ensuring better release effect of the lithium supplement additive in the formation process and better stability of the delithiation effect.

[0053] In the actual application process, those skilled in the art can choose any suitable method to predict the delithiation effect characteristic quantity based on the actual process parameters of the formation process. In an optional embodiment, according to the actual process parameters, the delithiation effect characteristic quantity of the lithium supplement additive in the lithium-ion battery of the formation process is predicted, including: establishing a deep learning model based on artificial intelligence, where the deep learning model is trained by machine learning using multiple second data sets, and each second data set includes: the historical process parameters of the formation process and the corresponding historical delithiation effect characteristic quantity; using the deep learning model to analyze the actual process parameters to predict the delithiation effect characteristic quantity. Since the deep learning model based on artificial intelligence has advantages such as powerful data processing ability, generalization ability, strong adaptive learning ability, and small need for human intervention, by analyzing the actual process parameters through the deep learning model based on artificial intelligence to predict the delithiation effect characteristic quantity of the formation process, the delithiation effect characteristic quantity can be obtained automatically and accurately.

[0054] Specifically, deep learning models based on artificial intelligence include, but are not limited to: machine learning models such as convolutional neural networks (CNNs), recurrent neural networks (RNNs), long short-term memory networks (LSTMs), generative adversarial networks (GANs), and deep reinforcement learning networks. In addition to using machine learning models, the model can also use semi-empirical models.

[0055] In another alternative, actual process parameters of the lithium-ion battery in the formation process are obtained, including: based on the de-lithiation reaction equation of the lithium supplement additive, target process parameters are determined, and the target process parameters include at least some of the following: formation current, cut-off voltage, and formation temperature; the actual values of the target process parameters are obtained to obtain the actual process parameters. Based on the de-lithiation reaction equation of the lithium supplement additive, important factors affecting the de-lithiation effect characteristics in the formation process are extracted to obtain target process parameters including at least some of the formation current, cut-off voltage, and formation temperature, and then the parameter values of the target process parameters are obtained to obtain actual process parameters including at least some of the formation current value, cut-off voltage value, and formation temperature value.

[0056] Among them, the de-lithiation reaction equation includes: the first lithium supplement platform (3.5 - 3.8V) equation Li 5 FeO 4 →Li 3 FeO 3.5 +0.25O 2 (GaS)+2Li + +2e - ; the second lithium supplement platform (3.9 - 4.1V) equation Li 3 FeO 3.5 →LiFeO 2 +0.75O 2 (GaS)+2Li + +2e - .

[0057] Optionally, before obtaining the reference range of the de-lithiation effect characteristics of the lithium supplement additive, the method further includes: obtaining the capacity curve of the lithium-ion battery in the formation process; according to the capacity curve, the de-lithiation effect characteristics including the capacity utilization rate of the lithium supplement agent and the actual voltage are extracted, where the capacity utilization rate of the lithium supplement agent is the ratio of the actual capacity of the lithium supplement additive to the theoretical capacity, and the actual voltage is the actual formation voltage. In this embodiment, the capacity utilization rate of the lithium supplement agent and the actual voltage are extracted based on the capacity curve to characterize the de-lithiation effect characteristics in the formation process, and the de-lithiation effect characteristics can be accurately characterized by the capacity utilization rate of the lithium supplement agent and the actual voltage.

[0058] In other embodiments, the reference range includes a utilization rate threshold and a voltage threshold. That is to say, the reference value of the delithiation effect characteristic includes the utilization rate threshold and the voltage threshold. According to the delithiation effect characteristic quantity and the reference range, determining the deviation value of the delithiation effect characteristic quantity relative to the reference range includes: determining, according to the actual value of the lithium supplement agent capacity utilization rate and the utilization rate threshold, the difference between the utilization rate threshold and the actual value of the lithium supplement agent capacity utilization rate as the first deviation; determining, according to the value of the actual voltage and the voltage threshold, the difference between the value of the actual voltage and the voltage threshold as the second deviation, and the first deviation and the second deviation constitute the deviation value.

[0059] Exemplarily, the utilization rate threshold is 95%, and the voltage threshold is 4.2V. Of course, in addition to the specific values of the utilization rate threshold and the voltage threshold described above, those skilled in the art can also flexibly set the specific values according to design requirements and actual situations.

[0060] A comparison table of the performance data of the lithium-ion battery obtained by the method of the present application and the lithium-ion battery obtained by the existing process is shown in Table 1.

[0061] Table 1

[0062]

[0063] As can be seen from Table 1, compared with the prior art, the method of the present application can ensure the formation delithiation stability and consistency of different lithium-supplemented batteries, and thus can improve the electrical performance consistency of the battery cells.

[0064] It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart of the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions, and although the logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described can be executed in a different order than here.

[0065] The embodiment of the present application also provides a formation control device for a lithium-ion battery. It should be noted that the formation control device for a lithium-ion battery in the embodiment of the present application can be used to execute the formation control method for a lithium-ion battery provided in the embodiment of the present application. The device for implementing the above embodiment and the preferred implementation manner has been described and will not be repeated here. As used below, the term "module" can be a combination of software and / or hardware that can achieve a predetermined function. Although the devices described in the following embodiments are preferably implemented in software, implementation in hardware, or a combination of software and hardware is also possible and contemplated.

[0066] The following introduces the formation control device for a lithium-ion battery provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0067] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a formation control device for a lithium-ion battery according to an embodiment of the present application. As Figure 3 shown, the device includes:

[0068] An acquisition unit 10, configured to acquire the actual process parameters of the lithium-ion battery in the formation process and the first data sets of a plurality of historical formation processes. The first data set of each historical formation process includes the formation gas generation rate change data of the historical formation process, the gram capacity utilization of the lithium supplement additive after the formation ends, and the historical de-lithiation effect characteristic quantity;

[0069] Specifically, relative to a plurality of historical formation processes, the formation process can be understood as the current formation process. One historical formation process corresponds to one first data set. The actual process parameters are the process parameters that need to be controlled in the formation process. The gram capacity utilization refers to the capacity exerted by each gram of the lithium supplement additive. The historical de-lithiation effect characteristic quantity refers to the characteristic value of the de-lithiation effect characteristic in the historical formation process.

[0070] A first determination unit 20, configured to determine a reference range of the de-lithiation effect characteristic of the lithium supplement additive according to the plurality of first data sets, where the de-lithiation effect characteristic is used to describe the de-lithiation effect;

[0071] Specifically, the reference range may include only one endpoint value, or may include a value range composed of two endpoint values.

[0072] A prediction unit 30, configured to predict the de-lithiation effect characteristic quantity of the lithium supplement additive in the formation process according to the actual process parameters, where the de-lithiation effect characteristic quantity is the characteristic value of the de-lithiation effect characteristic;

[0073] A second determination unit 40, configured to determine a deviation value of the de-lithiation effect characteristic quantity relative to the reference range according to the de-lithiation effect characteristic quantity and the reference range;

[0074] Specifically, by comparing the size of the de-lithiation effect characteristic quantity with the reference range, the deviation value is obtained.

[0075] A third determination unit 50, configured to, when the deviation value is greater than a preset threshold, determine a parameter to be adjusted and the adjustment priority of the parameter to be adjusted according to the deviation value, and adjust the formation process according to the parameter to be adjusted and the adjustment priority, so that the deviation value corresponding to the adjusted de-lithiation effect characteristic quantity is less than or equal to the preset threshold, where the parameter to be adjusted is the actual process parameter to be adjusted.

[0076] Specifically, there are multiple parameters to be adjusted obtained according to the deviation value, and the adjustment priority is used to characterize the priority order of the multiple parameters to be adjusted.

[0077] Through the above embodiments, the actual process parameters of the lithium-ion battery in the formation process and the first data sets of multiple historical formation processes are obtained by the acquisition unit. The first data sets include the formation gas generation rate change data in the historical formation process, the gram capacity performance of the lithium supplement additive after the historical formation process is completed, and the historical de-lithiation effect characteristic quantity of the historical formation process. The first determination unit determines the reference range of the de-lithiation effect characteristic of the lithium supplement additive according to the obtained multiple first data sets. The prediction unit predicts the de-lithiation effect characteristic quantity of the lithium supplement additive in the formation process according to the obtained actual process parameters. The second determination unit determines the deviation value of the predicted de-lithiation effect characteristic quantity relative to the reference range. When the deviation value is greater than the preset threshold, the third determination unit determines the parameter to be adjusted and its adjustment priority from the actual process parameters according to the deviation value, and adjusts the formation process according to the parameter to be adjusted and the adjustment priority, so that the deviation value of the de-lithiation effect characteristic quantity of the adjusted formation process relative to the reference range is not greater than the preset threshold. According to the formation gas generation rate change data in the historical formation process, the gram capacity performance of the lithium supplement additive after the formation is completed, and the historical de-lithiation effect characteristic quantity, the reference range of the de-lithiation effect characteristic is determined. During the formation process of the lithium-ion battery, the de-lithiation effect characteristic quantity is predicted, and according to the deviation value of the predicted de-lithiation effect characteristic quantity relative to the reference range, the parameter to be adjusted in the formation process is adjusted according to the adjustment priority, so that the adjusted deviation value is less than the preset threshold, that is, the adjusted de-lithiation effect characteristic quantity is relatively close to the reference range of the de-lithiation effect characteristic, realizing the online regulation of the de-lithiation effect of the lithium supplement additive in the formation process of the lithium-ion battery, ensuring that the release effect of the lithium supplement additive in the formation process is good, the de-lithiation effect is relatively stable and the consistency is good, solving the technical problem that the de-lithiation effect stability of the lithium supplement agent of the battery in the existing formation process is poor, and ensuring that the electrical performance consistency of the battery cells is good.

[0078] The formation control device of the lithium-ion battery includes a processor and a memory. The acquisition unit, the first determination unit, the prediction unit, the second determination unit, and the third determination unit are all stored in the memory as program units, and the corresponding functions are realized by the processor executing the program units stored in the memory. The modules are all located in the same processor; or, the respective modules are located in different processors in any combination form.

[0079] The processor contains a kernel, and the corresponding program unit is retrieved from the memory by the kernel. One or more kernels can be set, and by adjusting the kernel parameters, at least solve the problem that the de-lithiation effect stability of the lithium supplement agent of the battery in the existing formation process is poor.

[0080] The memory may include non - permanent memory in a computer - readable medium, in the form of random access memory (RAM) and / or non - volatile memory, such as read - only memory (ROM) or flash RAM. The memory includes at least one memory chip.

[0081] An embodiment of the present invention provides a computer - readable storage medium. The computer - readable storage medium includes a stored program. When the program runs, it controls the device where the computer - readable storage medium is located to execute the formation control method of the lithium - ion battery.

[0082] Specifically, the formation control method of the lithium - ion battery includes:

[0083] Step S201: Obtain the actual process parameters of the lithium - ion battery in the formation process and the first data sets of multiple historical formation processes. The first data set of each historical formation process includes the formation gas - generation rate change data of the historical formation process, the capacity utilization of the lithium - supplementing additive after the formation ends, and the historical de - lithiumization effect characteristic quantity.

[0084] Specifically, relative to multiple historical formation processes, the formation process can be understood as the current formation process. One historical formation process corresponds to one first data set. The actual process parameters are the process parameters that need to be controlled in the formation process. The capacity utilization refers to the capacity exerted by each gram of the lithium - supplementing additive. The historical de - lithiumization effect characteristic quantity refers to the characteristic value of the de - lithiumization effect characteristic in the historical formation process.

[0085] Step S202: Determine the reference range of the de - lithiumization effect characteristic of the lithium - supplementing additive according to the multiple first data sets. The de - lithiumization effect characteristic is used to describe the de - lithiumization effect.

[0086] Specifically, the reference range may include only one endpoint value or may include a value range composed of two endpoint values.

[0087] Step S203: Predict the de - lithiumization effect characteristic quantity of the lithium - supplementing additive in the formation process according to the actual process parameters. The de - lithiumization effect characteristic quantity is the characteristic value of the de - lithiumization effect characteristic.

[0088] Step S204: Determine the deviation value of the de - lithiumization effect characteristic quantity relative to the reference range according to the de - lithiumization effect characteristic quantity and the reference range.

[0089] Specifically, the deviation value is obtained by comparing the de - lithiumization effect characteristic quantity with the reference range.

[0090] Step S205, when the deviation value is greater than a preset threshold, determine, according to the deviation value, a parameter to be adjusted and the adjustment priority of the parameter to be adjusted, and adjust the formation process according to the parameter to be adjusted and the adjustment priority, so that the deviation value corresponding to the delithiation effect characteristic quantity after adjustment is less than or equal to the preset threshold, where the parameter to be adjusted is the actual process parameter to be adjusted.

[0091] Specifically, there are multiple parameters to be adjusted obtained according to the deviation value, and the adjustment priority is used to represent the priority order of the multiple parameters to be adjusted.

[0092] Optionally, the first data set includes the formation gas production rate change data corresponding to multiple historical time nodes in the historical formation process, the specific capacity performance corresponding to the historical formation process, and the historical delithiation effect characteristic quantities corresponding to the multiple historical time nodes. The multiple historical time nodes are nodes representing the process progress of the corresponding historical formation process. Determining the reference range of the delithiation effect characteristic of the lithium supplement additive according to the multiple first data sets includes: screening, from the multiple first data sets, at least one of the historical delithiation effect characteristic quantities corresponding to the first target parameter value at each historical time node as the preliminary historical delithiation effect characteristic quantity, where the first target parameter value is one of the minimum formation gas production rate change data and the maximum specific capacity performance; determining the preliminary historical delithiation effect characteristic quantity corresponding to the second target parameter value at each historical time node as the delithiation effect reference value, and obtaining the reference range representing the change of the delithiation effect reference value over time, where the second target parameter value is the other of the minimum formation gas production rate change data and the maximum specific capacity performance, and the delithiation effect reference value is the reference value of the delithiation effect characteristic.

[0093] Optionally, there are multiple actual process parameters, and the multiple actual process parameters include formation current, formation temperature, and cut-off voltage. The preset threshold includes a first threshold and a second threshold that increase in sequence. When the deviation value is greater than the preset threshold, determining the parameter to be adjusted and the adjustment priority of the parameter to be adjusted according to the deviation value includes: when the deviation value is greater than the first threshold and less than or equal to the second threshold, determining the parameters to be adjusted as the formation current and the formation temperature, and determining the adjustment priority as the priorities of the formation current and the formation temperature decreasing in sequence; when the deviation value is greater than the second threshold, determining the parameters to be adjusted as the formation current, the formation temperature, and the cut-off voltage, and determining the adjustment priority as the priorities of the formation current, the cut-off voltage, and the formation temperature decreasing in sequence.

[0094] Optionally, adjust the formation process according to the parameter to be adjusted and the adjustment priority, so that the deviation value corresponding to the delithiation effect characteristic quantity after adjustment is less than or equal to the preset threshold, including: a first determination step, determining the parameter to be adjusted with the highest priority as the target parameter according to the adjustment priority; an adjustment step, adjusting the magnitude of the target parameter according to the deviation value, and performing formation on the lithium-ion battery with the adjusted target parameter; a second determination step, in the case where the deviation value after adjustment is greater than the preset threshold, determining the parameter to be adjusted after the previous target parameter as the new target parameter according to the adjustment priority; a loop step, looping through the second determination step and the adjustment step until the deviation value after adjustment is less than or equal to the preset threshold or until the formation process ends.

[0095] Optionally, predict the delithiation effect characteristic quantity of the lithium-ion battery in the formation process according to the actual process parameters, including: establishing a deep learning model based on artificial intelligence, the deep learning model being trained by machine learning using a plurality of second data sets, each of the second data sets including: historical process parameters of the formation process and the corresponding historical delithiation effect characteristic quantities; analyzing the actual process parameters using the deep learning model to predict the delithiation effect characteristic quantity.

[0096] Optionally, obtain the actual process parameters of the lithium-ion battery in the formation process, including: determining target process parameters based on the delithiation reaction equation of the lithium supplement additive, the target process parameters including at least some of the following: formation current, cut-off voltage, formation temperature; obtaining the actual values of the target process parameters to obtain the actual process parameters.

[0097] Optionally, before obtaining the reference range of the delithiation effect characteristics of the lithium supplement additive, the method further includes: obtaining the capacity curve of the lithium-ion battery in the formation process; extracting the delithiation effect characteristics including the capacity utilization rate of the lithium supplement agent and the actual voltage from the capacity curve, the capacity utilization rate of the lithium supplement agent being the ratio of the actual capacity of the lithium supplement additive to the theoretical capacity.

[0098] Optionally, the reference range includes a utilization rate threshold and a voltage threshold. Based on the delithiation effect characteristic quantity and the reference range, determining the deviation value of the delithiation effect characteristic quantity relative to the reference range includes: determining the difference between the utilization rate threshold and the actual value of the lithium supplement agent capacity utilization rate as the first deviation according to the actual value of the lithium supplement agent capacity utilization rate and the utilization rate threshold; determining the difference between the actual voltage value and the voltage threshold as the second deviation according to the actual voltage value and the voltage threshold, and the first deviation and the second deviation constitute the deviation value.

[0099] Optionally, the utilization rate threshold is 95%, and the voltage threshold is 4.2V.

[0100] An embodiment of the present invention provides a processor for running a program, wherein when the program runs, it executes the formation control method of the lithium-ion battery.

[0101] Specifically, the formation control method of the lithium-ion battery includes:

[0102] Step S201, obtaining the actual process parameters of the lithium-ion battery in the formation process and the first data sets of multiple historical formation processes. The first data set of each historical formation process includes the data of the change in the formation gas production rate, the gram capacity utilization of the lithium supplement additive after the formation ends, and the historical delithiation effect characteristic quantity;

[0103] Specifically, relative to multiple historical formation processes, the formation process can be understood as the current formation process. One historical formation process corresponds to one first data set. The actual process parameters are the process parameters that need to be controlled in the formation process. The gram capacity utilization refers to the capacity exerted by each gram of the lithium supplement additive. The historical delithiation effect characteristic quantity refers to the characteristic value of the delithiation effect characteristic in the historical formation process.

[0104] Step S202, determining the reference range of the delithiation effect characteristic of the lithium supplement additive according to the multiple first data sets, and the delithiation effect characteristic is used to describe the delithiation effect;

[0105] Specifically, the reference range may only include one endpoint value or may include a value range composed of two endpoint values.

[0106] Step S203, predicting the delithiation effect characteristic quantity of the lithium supplement additive in the formation process according to the actual process parameters, and the delithiation effect characteristic quantity is the characteristic value of the delithiation effect characteristic;

[0107] Step S204, determining the deviation value of the delithiation effect characteristic quantity relative to the reference range according to the delithiation effect characteristic quantity and the reference range;

[0108] Specifically, the deviation value is obtained by comparing the delithiation effect characteristic quantity with the reference range.

[0109] Step S205: When the deviation value is greater than a preset threshold, determine the parameter to be adjusted and the adjustment priority of the parameter to be adjusted according to the deviation value, and adjust the formation process according to the parameter to be adjusted and the adjustment priority, so that the deviation value corresponding to the delithiation effect characteristic quantity after adjustment is less than or equal to the preset threshold. The parameter to be adjusted is the actual process parameter to be adjusted.

[0110] Specifically, there are multiple parameters to be adjusted obtained according to the deviation value, and the adjustment priority is used to represent the priority order of the multiple parameters to be adjusted.

[0111] Optionally, the first data group includes the formation gas production rate change data corresponding to multiple historical time nodes in the historical formation process, the specific capacity utilization of the historical formation process, and the historical delithiation effect characteristic quantities corresponding to the multiple historical time nodes. The multiple historical time nodes are nodes representing the process progress of the corresponding historical formation process. Determining the reference range of the delithiation effect characteristics of the lithium supplement additive according to the multiple first data groups includes: screening at least one of the historical delithiation effect characteristic quantities corresponding to the first target parameter value at each historical time node from the multiple first data groups as the preliminary historical delithiation effect characteristic quantity. The first target parameter value is one of the minimum formation gas production rate change data and the maximum specific capacity utilization; determining the preliminary historical delithiation effect characteristic quantity corresponding to the second target parameter value at each historical time node as the delithiation effect reference value, and obtaining the reference range representing the change of the delithiation effect reference value with time. The second target parameter value is the other of the minimum formation gas production rate change data and the maximum specific capacity utilization, and the delithiation effect reference value is the reference value of the delithiation effect characteristics.

[0112] Optionally, there are multiple actual process parameters, and the multiple actual process parameters include formation current, formation temperature, and cut-off voltage. The preset thresholds include a first threshold and a second threshold that increase in sequence. When the deviation value is greater than the preset threshold, according to the deviation value, determining the parameter to be adjusted and the adjustment priority of the parameter to be adjusted includes: when the deviation value is greater than the first threshold and less than or equal to the second threshold, determining the parameters to be adjusted as the formation current and the formation temperature, and determining the adjustment priority as the priorities of the formation current and the formation temperature decreasing in sequence; when the deviation value is greater than the second threshold, determining the parameters to be adjusted as the formation current, the formation temperature, and the cut-off voltage, and determining the adjustment priority as the priorities of the formation current, the cut-off voltage, and the formation temperature decreasing in sequence.

[0113] Optionally, adjusting the formation process according to the parameter to be adjusted and the adjustment priority, so that the deviation value corresponding to the delithiation effect characteristic quantity after adjustment is less than or equal to the preset threshold, includes: a first determination step of determining, according to the adjustment priority, the parameter to be adjusted with the highest priority as the target parameter; an adjustment step of adjusting the magnitude of the target parameter according to the deviation value, and using the adjusted target parameter to perform formation on the lithium-ion battery; a second determination step of, when the deviation value after adjustment is greater than the preset threshold, determining, according to the adjustment priority, the parameter to be adjusted after the previous target parameter as the new target parameter; a loop step of repeatedly executing the second determination step and the adjustment step until the deviation value after adjustment is less than or equal to the preset threshold or until the formation process ends.

[0114] Optionally, predicting the delithiation effect characteristic quantity of the lithium-ion battery in the formation process according to the actual process parameters includes: establishing a deep learning model based on artificial intelligence, where the deep learning model is trained by machine learning using multiple second data sets, and each second data set includes: historical process parameters of the formation process and corresponding historical delithiation effect characteristic quantities; analyzing the actual process parameters using the deep learning model to predict the delithiation effect characteristic quantity.

[0115] Optionally, obtaining the actual process parameters of the lithium-ion battery in the formation process includes: determining target process parameters based on the delithiation reaction equation of the lithium supplement additive, where the target process parameters include at least some of the following: formation current, cut-off voltage, formation temperature; obtaining the actual values of the target process parameters to obtain the actual process parameters.

[0116] Optionally, before obtaining the reference range of the lithium-depletion effect characteristics of the lithium supplement additive, the method further includes: obtaining the capacity curve of the lithium-ion battery during the formation process; according to the capacity curve, extracting the lithium-depletion effect characteristics including the capacity utilization rate of the lithium supplement agent and the actual voltage, where the capacity utilization rate of the lithium supplement agent is the ratio of the actual capacity of the lithium supplement additive to the theoretical capacity.

[0117] Optionally, the reference range includes a utilization rate threshold and a voltage threshold. According to the lithium-depletion effect characteristic quantity and the reference range, determining the deviation value of the lithium-depletion effect characteristic quantity relative to the reference range includes: according to the actual value of the capacity utilization rate of the lithium supplement agent and the utilization rate threshold, determining the difference between the utilization rate threshold and the actual value of the capacity utilization rate of the lithium supplement agent as the first deviation; according to the value of the actual voltage and the voltage threshold, determining the difference between the value of the actual voltage and the voltage threshold as the second deviation, and the first deviation and the second deviation constitute the deviation value.

[0118] Optionally, the utilization rate threshold is 95%, and the voltage threshold is 4.2V.

[0119] An embodiment of the present invention provides a formation system for a lithium-ion battery, including: a formation device for the lithium-ion battery, configured to perform the formation process of the lithium-ion battery; a control device for the formation device, including one or more processors, a memory, and one or more programs, where the one or more programs are stored in the memory and are configured to be executed by the one or more processors, and when the one or more processors execute the one or more programs, at least the following steps are implemented:

[0120] Step S201, obtaining the actual process parameters of the lithium-ion battery during the formation process and the first data sets of multiple historical formation processes, where the first data set of each historical formation process includes the change data of the formation gas production rate, the gram capacity utilization of the lithium supplement additive after the formation ends, and the historical lithium-depletion effect characteristic quantity;

[0121] Specifically, relative to multiple historical formation processes, the formation process can be understood as the current formation process. One historical formation process corresponds to one first data set. The actual process parameters are the process parameters that need to be controlled in the formation process. The gram capacity utilization refers to the capacity exerted by each gram of the lithium supplement additive. The historical lithium-depletion effect characteristic quantity refers to the characteristic value of the lithium-depletion effect characteristics in the historical formation process.

[0122] Step S202, determining the reference range of the lithium-depletion effect characteristics of the lithium supplement additive according to the multiple first data sets, where the lithium-depletion effect characteristics are used to describe the lithium-depletion effect;

[0123] Specifically, the reference range may include only one endpoint value, or may include a value range composed of two endpoint values.

[0124] Step S203: Predict the delithiation effect characteristic quantity of the lithium supplement additive in the formation process according to the actual process parameters, where the delithiation effect characteristic quantity is the characteristic value of the delithiation effect characteristic.

[0125] Step S204: Determine the deviation value of the delithiation effect characteristic quantity relative to the reference range according to the delithiation effect characteristic quantity and the reference range.

[0126] Specifically, the deviation value is obtained by comparing the delithiation effect characteristic quantity with the reference range.

[0127] Step S205: When the deviation value is greater than a preset threshold, determine the parameter to be adjusted and the adjustment priority of the parameter to be adjusted according to the deviation value, and adjust the formation process according to the parameter to be adjusted and the adjustment priority, so that the deviation value corresponding to the delithiation effect characteristic quantity after adjustment is less than or equal to the preset threshold. The parameter to be adjusted is the actual process parameter to be adjusted.

[0128] Specifically, there are multiple parameters to be adjusted obtained according to the deviation value, and the adjustment priority is used to represent the priority order of multiple parameters to be adjusted.

[0129] In the formation system of the lithium-ion battery, the formation process of the lithium-ion battery is performed by a formation device, and any one of the lithium-ion battery formation control methods is performed by a control device. This method determines the reference range of the delithiation effect characteristic according to the formation gas production rate change data of the historical formation process, the specific capacity performance of the lithium supplement additive after formation, and the historical delithiation effect characteristic quantity. During the formation process of the lithium-ion battery, the delithiation effect characteristic quantity is predicted, and according to the deviation value of the predicted delithiation effect characteristic quantity relative to the reference range, the parameter to be adjusted in the formation process is adjusted according to the adjustment priority, so that the deviation value after adjustment is less than the preset threshold, that is, the delithiation effect characteristic quantity after adjustment is relatively close to the reference range of the delithiation effect characteristic, realizing the online regulation of the delithiation effect of the lithium supplement additive in the formation process of the lithium-ion battery, ensuring that the release effect of the lithium supplement additive in the formation process is good, the delithiation effect is relatively stable and has good consistency, solving the technical problem of poor stability of the delithiation effect of the lithium supplement agent in the existing formation process, and ensuring good consistency of the electrical performance of the battery cells processed by the formation system.

[0130] The control device in this article can be a server, a PC, a PAD, a mobile phone, etc.

[0131] Optionally, the first data set includes the formation gas production rate change data corresponding to multiple historical time nodes in the historical formation process, the specific capacity utilization corresponding to the historical formation process, and the historical de-lithiation effect characteristic quantities corresponding to multiple historical time nodes. The multiple historical time nodes are nodes characterizing the process progress of the corresponding historical formation process. Based on multiple first data sets, determining a reference range for the de-lithiation effect characteristics of the lithium supplement additive includes: screening, from multiple first data sets, at least one of the historical de-lithiation effect characteristic quantities corresponding to a first target parameter value at each historical time node as a preliminary historical de-lithiation effect characteristic quantity, where the first target parameter value is one of the smallest formation gas production rate change data and the largest specific capacity utilization; determining the preliminary historical de-lithiation effect characteristic quantity corresponding to a second target parameter value at each historical time node as a de-lithiation effect reference value, obtaining the reference range characterizing the change of the de-lithiation effect reference value over time, where the second target parameter value is the other of the smallest formation gas production rate change data and the largest specific capacity utilization, and the de-lithiation effect reference value is the reference value of the de-lithiation effect characteristics.

[0132] Optionally, there are multiple actual process parameters, and the multiple actual process parameters include formation current, formation temperature, and cut-off voltage. The preset thresholds include a first threshold and a second threshold that increase in sequence. In the case where the deviation value is greater than the preset threshold, based on the deviation value, determining the parameter to be adjusted and the adjustment priority of the parameter to be adjusted includes: in the case where the deviation value is greater than the first threshold and less than or equal to the second threshold, determining the parameters to be adjusted as the formation current and the formation temperature, and determining the adjustment priority as the priorities of the formation current and the formation temperature decreasing in sequence; in the case where the deviation value is greater than the second threshold, determining the parameters to be adjusted as the formation current, the formation temperature, and the cut-off voltage, and determining the adjustment priority as the priorities of the formation current, the cut-off voltage, and the formation temperature decreasing in sequence.

[0133] Optionally, adjust the formation process according to the parameter to be adjusted and the adjustment priority, so that the deviation value corresponding to the delithiation effect characteristic quantity after adjustment is less than or equal to the preset threshold, including: a first determination step, determining the parameter to be adjusted with the highest priority as the target parameter according to the adjustment priority; an adjustment step, adjusting the magnitude of the target parameter according to the deviation value, and performing formation on the lithium-ion battery with the adjusted target parameter; a second determination step, in the case where the deviation value after adjustment is greater than the preset threshold, determining the parameter to be adjusted after the previous target parameter as the new target parameter according to the adjustment priority; a loop step, looping through the second determination step and the adjustment step until the deviation value after adjustment is less than or equal to the preset threshold or until the formation process ends.

[0134] Optionally, predict the delithiation effect characteristic quantity of the lithium-ion battery in the formation process according to the actual process parameters, including: establishing a deep learning model based on artificial intelligence, the deep learning model being trained by machine learning using a plurality of second data sets, each of the second data sets including: historical process parameters of the formation process and corresponding historical delithiation effect characteristic quantities; analyzing the actual process parameters using the deep learning model to predict the delithiation effect characteristic quantity.

[0135] Optionally, obtain the actual process parameters of the lithium-ion battery in the formation process, including: determining target process parameters based on the delithiation reaction equation of the lithium supplement additive, the target process parameters including at least some of the following: formation current, cut-off voltage, formation temperature; obtaining the actual values of the target process parameters to obtain the actual process parameters.

[0136] Optionally, before obtaining the reference range of the delithiation effect characteristics of the lithium supplement additive, the method further includes: obtaining the capacity curve of the lithium-ion battery in the formation process; extracting the delithiation effect characteristics including the lithium supplement agent capacity utilization rate and the actual voltage according to the capacity curve, the lithium supplement agent capacity utilization rate being the ratio of the actual capacity of the lithium supplement additive to the theoretical capacity.

[0137] Optionally, the reference range includes a utilization rate threshold and a voltage threshold. According to the delithiation effect characteristic quantity and the reference range, determining the deviation value of the delithiation effect characteristic quantity relative to the reference range includes: determining the difference between the utilization rate threshold and the actual value of the lithium supplement agent capacity utilization rate as the first deviation according to the actual value of the lithium supplement agent capacity utilization rate and the utilization rate threshold; determining the difference between the actual voltage value and the voltage threshold as the second deviation according to the actual voltage value and the voltage threshold, and the first deviation and the second deviation constitute the deviation value.

[0138] Optionally, the utilization rate threshold is 95%, and the voltage threshold is 4.2V.

[0139] The present application also provides a computer program product, including computer instructions, and when the computer instructions are executed by a processor, at least a program for implementing the following method steps is realized:

[0140] Step S201, obtaining the actual process parameters of the formation process lithium-ion battery and the first data sets of multiple historical formation processes, and the first data set of each historical formation process includes the formation gas production rate change data of the historical formation process, the gram capacity utilization of the lithium supplement additive after the formation is completed, and the historical delithiation effect characteristic quantity;

[0141] Step S202, determining the reference range of the delithiation effect characteristics of the lithium supplement additive according to the multiple first data sets, and the delithiation effect characteristics are used to describe the delithiation effect;

[0142] Step S203, predicting the delithiation effect characteristic quantity of the lithium supplement additive in the formation process according to the actual process parameters, and the delithiation effect characteristic quantity is the characteristic value of the delithiation effect characteristics;

[0143] Step S204, determining the deviation value of the delithiation effect characteristic quantity relative to the reference range according to the delithiation effect characteristic quantity and the reference range;

[0144] Step S205, when the deviation value is greater than a preset threshold, determining the parameter to be adjusted and the adjustment priority of the parameter to be adjusted according to the deviation value, and adjusting the formation process according to the parameter to be adjusted and the adjustment priority, so that the deviation value corresponding to the adjusted delithiation effect characteristic quantity is less than or equal to the preset threshold, and the parameter to be adjusted is the actual process parameter to be adjusted.

[0145] Optionally, the first data set includes the formation gas production rate change data corresponding to multiple historical time nodes in the historical formation process, the specific capacity performance corresponding to the historical formation process, and the historical delithiation effect characteristic quantities corresponding to multiple historical time nodes. The multiple historical time nodes are nodes characterizing the process progress of the corresponding historical formation process. Based on multiple first data sets, a reference range of the delithiation effect characteristics of the lithium supplement additive is determined, including: screening at least one of the historical delithiation effect characteristic quantities corresponding to the first target parameter value at each historical time node from multiple first data sets as the preliminary historical delithiation effect characteristic quantity, where the first target parameter value is one of the minimum formation gas production rate change data and the maximum specific capacity performance; determining the preliminary historical delithiation effect characteristic quantity corresponding to the second target parameter value at each historical time node as the delithiation effect reference value, obtaining the reference range characterizing the change of the delithiation effect reference value over time, where the second target parameter value is the other of the minimum formation gas production rate change data and the maximum specific capacity performance, and the delithiation effect reference value is the reference value of the delithiation effect characteristics.

[0146] Optionally, there are multiple actual process parameters, and the multiple actual process parameters include formation current, formation temperature, and cut-off voltage. The preset thresholds include a first threshold and a second threshold that increase in sequence. In the case where the deviation value is greater than the preset threshold, based on the deviation value, the parameter to be adjusted and the adjustment priority of the parameter to be adjusted are determined, including: in the case where the deviation value is greater than the first threshold and less than or equal to the second threshold, determining the parameter to be adjusted as the formation current and the formation temperature, and determining the adjustment priority as the priorities of the formation current and the formation temperature decreasing in sequence; in the case where the deviation value is greater than the second threshold, determining the parameter to be adjusted as the formation current, the formation temperature, and the cut-off voltage, and determining the adjustment priority as the priorities of the formation current, the cut-off voltage, and the formation temperature decreasing in sequence.

[0147] Optionally, adjust the formation process according to the parameter to be adjusted and the adjustment priority, such that the deviation value corresponding to the delithiation effect characteristic quantity after adjustment is less than or equal to the preset threshold, including: a first determination step of determining, according to the adjustment priority, the parameter to be adjusted with the highest priority as the target parameter; an adjustment step of adjusting the magnitude of the target parameter according to the deviation value, and performing formation on the lithium-ion battery with the adjusted target parameter; a second determination step of, when the deviation value after adjustment is greater than the preset threshold, determining, according to the adjustment priority, the parameter to be adjusted after the previous target parameter as the new target parameter; a loop step of repeatedly executing the second determination step and the adjustment step until the deviation value after adjustment is less than or equal to the preset threshold or until the formation process ends.

[0148] Optionally, predict the delithiation effect characteristic quantity of the lithium-ion battery in the formation process according to the actual process parameters, including: establishing a deep learning model based on artificial intelligence, the deep learning model being trained by machine learning using a plurality of second data sets, each of the second data sets including: historical process parameters of the formation process and corresponding historical delithiation effect characteristic quantities; analyzing the actual process parameters using the deep learning model to predict the delithiation effect characteristic quantity.

[0149] Optionally, obtain the actual process parameters of the lithium-ion battery in the formation process, including: determining target process parameters based on the delithiation reaction equation of the lithium supplement additive, the target process parameters including at least some of the following: formation current, cut-off voltage, formation temperature; obtaining the actual values of the target process parameters to obtain the actual process parameters.

[0150] Optionally, before obtaining the reference range of the delithiation effect characteristics of the lithium supplement additive, the method further includes: obtaining the capacity curve of the lithium-ion battery in the formation process; extracting the delithiation effect characteristics including the capacity utilization rate of the lithium supplement agent and the actual voltage according to the capacity curve, the capacity utilization rate of the lithium supplement agent being the ratio of the actual capacity to the theoretical capacity of the lithium supplement additive.

[0151] Optionally, the reference range includes a utilization rate threshold and a voltage threshold. Based on the delithiation effect characteristic quantity and the reference range, determining the deviation value of the delithiation effect characteristic quantity relative to the reference range includes: determining, according to the actual value of the lithium supplement agent capacity utilization rate and the utilization rate threshold, the difference between the utilization rate threshold and the actual value of the lithium supplement agent capacity utilization rate as the first deviation; determining, according to the value of the actual voltage and the voltage threshold, the difference between the value of the actual voltage and the voltage threshold as the second deviation, and the first deviation and the second deviation constitute the deviation value.

[0152] Optionally, the utilization rate threshold is 95%, and the voltage threshold is 4.2V.

[0153] Obviously, those skilled in the art should understand that each module or each step of the present invention can be implemented by a general-purpose computing device. They can be concentrated on a single computing device or distributed on a network composed of multiple computing devices. They can be implemented by program codes executable by the computing device. Thus, they can be stored in a storage device and executed by the computing device. And in some cases, the steps shown or described can be executed in a different order than here, or they can be separately fabricated into individual integrated circuit modules, or multiple modules or steps among them can be fabricated into a single integrated circuit module to implement. In this way, the present invention is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.

[0154] Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments of the present application can be provided as a method, a system, or a computer program product. Therefore, the present application can adopt the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Moreover, the present application can adopt the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk memories, CD-ROMs, optical memories, etc.) containing computer-usable program codes.

[0155] The present application is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatuses (systems), and computer program products according to the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that each flow and / or block in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams, and the combination of flows and / or blocks in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to the processors of general-purpose computers, special-purpose computers, embedded processors, or other programmable data processing devices to generate a machine, such that the instructions executed by the processors of the computer or other programmable data processing devices generate means for implementing the functions specified in Figure 1 one or more flows or multiple flows and / or blocks Figure 1 one or more blocks or multiple blocks.

[0156] These computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to work in a specific manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce a manufacture including an instruction device that implements the functions specified in one or more processes and / or blocks Figure 1 in one or more processes and / or blocks Figure 1 specified in the block or blocks.

[0157] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device, such that a series of operational steps are performed on the computer or other programmable device to generate a computer-implemented process, so that the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable device provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one or more processes and / or blocks Figure 1 in one or more processes and / or blocks Figure 1 specified in the block or blocks.

[0158] In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPUs), an input / output interface, a network interface, and memory.

[0159] The memory may include non-permanent memory in the form of computer-readable media, random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory such as read-only memory (ROM) or flash memory (flash RAM). Memory is an example of computer-readable media.

[0160] Computer-readable media includes both permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media implemented by any method or technology for storing information. The information can be computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technologies, compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital versatile discs (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transmission media that can be used to store information accessible by a computing device. As defined herein, computer-readable media does not include transitory media such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.

[0161] It should also be noted that the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, commodity or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, commodity or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "comprising an..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, commodity or device comprising the element.

[0162] From the above description, it can be seen that the embodiments described in this application achieve the following technical effects:

[0163] 1) In the formation control method of the lithium-ion battery of the present application, first, the actual process parameters of the lithium-ion battery in the formation process and the first data sets of multiple historical formation processes are obtained. The first data sets include the data of the change in the gas generation rate during formation in the historical formation process, the gram capacity utilization of the lithium supplement additive after the historical formation process ends, and the historical lithium deintercalation effect characteristic quantity of the historical formation process. Then, according to the obtained multiple first data sets, the reference range of the lithium deintercalation effect characteristic of the lithium supplement additive is determined. Next, according to the obtained actual process parameters, the lithium deintercalation effect characteristic quantity of the lithium supplement additive in the formation process is predicted. And the deviation value of the predicted lithium deintercalation effect characteristic quantity relative to the reference range is determined. Finally, when the deviation value is greater than the preset threshold, the parameter to be adjusted and its adjustment priority are determined from the actual process parameters according to the deviation value, and the formation process is adjusted according to the parameter to be adjusted and the adjustment priority, so that the deviation value of the lithium deintercalation effect characteristic quantity of the adjusted formation process relative to the reference range is not greater than the preset threshold. According to the data such as the data of the change in the gas generation rate during formation in the historical formation process, the gram capacity utilization of the lithium supplement additive after the formation ends, and the historical lithium deintercalation effect characteristic quantity, the present application determines the reference range of the lithium deintercalation effect characteristic, predicts the lithium deintercalation effect characteristic quantity during the formation of the lithium-ion battery, and adjusts the parameter to be adjusted in the formation process according to the adjustment priority according to the deviation value of the predicted lithium deintercalation effect characteristic quantity relative to the reference range, so that the adjusted deviation value is less than the preset threshold, that is, the adjusted lithium deintercalation effect characteristic quantity is relatively close to the reference range of the lithium deintercalation effect, realizing the online regulation of the lithium deintercalation effect of the lithium supplement additive during the formation of the lithium-ion battery, ensuring that the release effect of the lithium supplement additive in the formation process is better, the lithium deintercalation effect is relatively stable and has good consistency, solving the technical problem of poor stability of the lithium deintercalation effect of the lithium supplement agent in the existing formation process, and ensuring good consistency of the electrical performance of the battery cell.

[0164] 2), in the formation system of the lithium-ion battery of the present application, the formation process of the lithium-ion battery is performed by a formation device, and any one of the formation control methods of the lithium-ion battery is performed by a control device. This method determines the reference range of the delithiation effect characteristics based on the data of the formation gas generation rate change of the historical formation process, the gram capacity performance of the lithium supplement additive after the formation is completed, and the historical delithiation effect characteristic quantity. During the formation process of the lithium-ion battery, the delithiation effect characteristic quantity is predicted, and according to the deviation value of the predicted delithiation effect characteristic quantity relative to the reference range, the parameters to be adjusted during the formation process are adjusted according to the adjustment priority, so that the adjusted deviation value is less than the preset threshold, that is, the adjusted delithiation effect characteristic quantity is relatively close to the reference range of the delithiation effect characteristics, realizing the on-line regulation of the delithiation effect of the lithium supplement additive during the formation process of the lithium-ion battery, ensuring that the release effect of the lithium supplement additive in the formation process is good, the delithiation effect is relatively stable and the consistency is good, solving the technical problem of poor stability of the delithiation effect of the lithium supplement agent of the battery in the existing formation process, and ensuring that the electrical performance of the battery cells processed by the formation system is relatively consistent.

[0165] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, various changes and modifications can be made to the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A formation control method for a lithium ion battery, characterized in that: include: Acquire actual process parameters of a lithium-ion battery in a formation process and a first data group of multiple historical formation processes, wherein the first data group of each of the historical formation processes includes formation gas production rate change data of the historical formation process, gram capacity of the lithium supplement additive after the formation is completed, and a historical lithium delithiation effect characteristic quantity, wherein the gram capacity is the capacity exerted per gram of the lithium supplement additive, and the historical lithium delithiation effect characteristic quantity refers to a characteristic value of the lithium delithiation effect characteristic in the historical formation process, and the first data group includes the formation gas production rate change data corresponding to multiple historical time nodes in the historical formation process, the gram capacity corresponding to the historical formation process, and the historical lithium delithiation effect characteristic quantity corresponding to multiple historical time nodes, wherein the multiple historical time nodes are nodes characterizing the process progress of the corresponding historical formation process; Filter at least one of the historical delithiation effect characteristic quantities corresponding to the first target parameter value at each of the historical time nodes from the plurality of the first data groups as a preliminary historical delithiation effect characteristic quantity, wherein the first target parameter value is one of the minimum change data of the formation gas production rate and the maximum gram capacity exertion; determine the preliminary historical delithiation effect characteristic quantity corresponding to the second target parameter value at each of the historical time nodes as a delithiation effect reference value, and obtain a reference range characterizing the change of the delithiation effect reference value over time, wherein the second target parameter value is the other of the minimum change data of the formation gas production rate and the maximum gram capacity exertion, and the delithiation effect reference value is the reference value of the delithiation effect characteristic, and the delithiation effect characteristic is used to describe the delithiation effect; According to the actual process parameters, predicting a delithiation effect characteristic quantity of the lithium supplement additive in the formation process, wherein the delithiation effect characteristic quantity is a characteristic value of the delithiation effect characteristic; Determining a deviation value of the delithiation effect characteristic quantity relative to the reference range according to the delithiation effect characteristic quantity and the reference range; In the case where the deviation value is greater than a preset threshold, the parameter to be adjusted and the adjustment priority of the parameter to be adjusted are determined according to the deviation value, and the formation process is adjusted according to the parameter to be adjusted and the adjustment priority, so that the deviation value corresponding to the adjusted delithiation effect characteristic quantity is less than or equal to the preset threshold, the parameter to be adjusted is the actual process parameter to be adjusted, and the parameter to be adjusted includes a formation current and a formation temperature, or includes the formation current, the formation temperature and a cut-off voltage, Before obtaining the reference range of the delithiation effect characteristics of the lithium supplement additive, the capacity curve of the lithium-ion battery in the formation process is obtained; based on the capacity curve, the delithiation effect characteristics including the capacity utilization rate of the lithium supplement agent and the actual voltage are extracted, and the capacity utilization rate of the lithium supplement agent is the ratio of the actual capacity of the lithium supplement additive to the theoretical capacity.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that There are multiple actual process parameters, the multiple actual process parameters include a formation current, a formation temperature, and a cut-off voltage, the preset threshold includes a first threshold and a second threshold that increase in sequence, and when the deviation value is greater than the preset threshold value, determining the parameter to be adjusted and the adjustment priority of the parameter to be adjusted according to the deviation value, including: In a case where the deviation value is greater than the first threshold value and less than or equal to the second threshold value, determining that the parameters to be adjusted are the formation current and the formation temperature, and determining that the adjustment priority is that the priorities of the formation current and the formation temperature decrease in sequence; When the deviation value is greater than the second threshold, the parameters to be adjusted are determined to be the formation current, the formation temperature and the cut-off voltage, and the adjustment priorities are determined to be the formation current, the cut-off voltage and the formation temperature in decreasing order.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The formation process is adjusted according to the parameter to be adjusted and the adjustment priority, so that the deviation value corresponding to the adjusted delithiation effect characteristic quantity is less than or equal to the preset threshold, including: A first determination step is to determine, according to the adjustment priority, the parameter to be adjusted with the highest priority as the target parameter; An adjustment step, adjusting the size of the target parameter according to the deviation value, and forming the lithium-ion battery using the adjusted target parameter; A second determination step, in the case where the adjusted deviation value is greater than the preset threshold, determining the parameter to be adjusted having a priority after the previous target parameter as a new target parameter according to the adjustment priority; A loop step is to loop the second determining step and the adjusting step until the adjusted deviation value is less than or equal to the preset threshold or until the formation process is completed.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that According to the actual process parameters, predicting the characteristic quantity of the lithium removal effect of the lithium supplement additive in the lithium ion battery of the formation process includes: Establishing a deep learning model based on artificial intelligence, wherein the deep learning model is trained by machine learning using a plurality of second data groups, each of which includes: historical process parameters of the formation process and corresponding historical delithiation effect characteristic quantities; The deep learning model is used to analyze the actual process parameters and predict the characteristic value of the lithium removal effect.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that Obtain the actual process parameters of lithium-ion batteries in the formation process, including: Based on the lithium decomposition reaction equation of the lithium supplementing additive, determining target process parameters, the target process parameters including at least part of the following: formation current, cut-off voltage, formation temperature; The actual value of the target process parameter is acquired to obtain the actual process parameter.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The reference range includes a utilization rate threshold and a voltage threshold. According to the delithiation effect characteristic quantity and the reference range, determining a deviation value of the delithiation effect characteristic quantity relative to the reference range includes: According to the actual value of the capacity utilization rate of the lithium supplement agent and the utilization rate threshold, determining the difference between the utilization rate threshold and the actual value of the capacity utilization rate of the lithium supplement agent as a first deviation; According to the value of the actual voltage and the voltage threshold, a difference between the value of the actual voltage and the voltage threshold is determined as a second deviation, and the first deviation and the second deviation constitute the deviation value.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The utilization rate threshold is 95%, and the voltage threshold is 4.2V.

8. A lithium ion battery formation system, characterized in that: include: The lithium-ion battery formation equipment is used to perform the lithium-ion battery formation process; The control device of the formation device includes one or more processors, a memory and one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and are configured to be executed by the one or more processors, and the one or more programs include methods for executing any one of claims 1 to 7.

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