Method for remediation and improvement of disease soil by bacteria application and application thereof
By combining microbial fertilization technology with soil testing and fertilization, the dosage of microbial agents and soil conditioners can be dynamically adjusted, which solves the problems of soil microbial community imbalance and disease caused by continuous cropping, and improves crop quality and yield.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- BEIJING YANGDI TECH SERVICE CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-21
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-23
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies cannot fundamentally solve the problems of soil microbial community imbalance and disease caused by continuous cropping, which leads to weaker crop growth, reduced yield, and decreased quality.
The soil micro-ecosystem was improved by using a microbial testing and fertilization method. This method involves detecting changes in the soil microbial community structure, dynamically adjusting the dosage of microbial agents and soil conditioners, and combining soil testing and fertilization techniques.
It effectively inhibits the reproduction of harmful microorganisms, improves crop quality and yield, solves soil disease problems caused by continuous cropping obstacles, and achieves comprehensive soil restoration.
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of agricultural technology, specifically to a method for the remediation and improvement of diseased soil by microbial testing and fertilization, and its application. Background Technology
[0002] Continuous cropping obstacle refers to the phenomenon that when the same crop or closely related crops are planted in the same soil for many consecutive years, even under normal cultivation and management conditions, plant growth weakens, yield decreases, and quality declines. The main reason is that years of continuous cropping lead to changes in the soil's physical and chemical properties, as well as light, temperature, humidity, and atmosphere. The growth of some beneficial microorganisms is inhibited, while some harmful microorganisms multiply, disrupting the natural balance of soil microorganisms. As a result, diseases such as wilt, stem rot, and root rot in the soil become more severe year by year.
[0003] To address soil problems caused by continuous cropping obstacles, producers currently mainly use soil testing and fertilization techniques for soil improvement. This involves a balanced application of mineral nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium to the planting soil based on the nutrients required by the crop at different growth stages and the fertility of the growing environment. However, this method can only reduce or alleviate the severity of crop diseases caused by soil damage. Furthermore, this method only studies the interrelationships between land, crops, and fertilizers, without investigating the impact of changes in soil microbial community structure on crop growth. Therefore, it cannot fundamentally solve the problem of continuous cropping obstacles.
[0004] Therefore, researching a method to dynamically monitor changes in soil microbial community structure under continuous cropping obstacles and to apply fertilizers, soil conditioners, and microbial agents in a targeted manner for soil remediation and improvement is of great significance for improving the quality and grade of crops grown in continuous cropping. Summary of the Invention
[0005] In order to fundamentally solve the soil problems caused by continuous cropping and improve the yield and quality of crops grown in continuous cropping, this application provides a method for the remediation and improvement of diseased soil by fungal testing and fertilization, and its application.
[0006] This application provides a method for the remediation and improvement of diseased soil through microbial testing and fertilization, including the following steps:
[0007] (1) In October of that year, the organic matter content in the diseased soil was tested and the amount of soil conditioner was determined; in November, the soil conditioner was applied to the diseased soil.
[0008] (2) In early May of the following year, the relative abundance of fungi and bacteria at the level of pathogens in normal soil and diseased soil was tested to determine the dosage of microbial inoculants; in mid-May, the microbial inoculants were applied to the diseased soil; the dosage of the microbial inoculants was determined as follows:
[0009] When the relative abundance is <5%, the dosage of microbial inoculant is 1.8-2.2 kg / mu.
[0010] When the relative abundance is 5-10%, the dosage of microbial inoculant is 2.5-3.5 kg / mu.
[0011] When the relative abundance is >10%, the dosage of microbial inoculant is 4.5-5.5 kg / mu.
[0012] This application provides a method for the remediation and improvement of diseased soil through microbial testing and fertilization. This method, based on traditional soil testing and fertilization, incorporates microbial testing and fertilization technology. Specifically, by analyzing changes in the soil microbial community during crop growth and comparing the differences in microbial structure between diseased and healthy soils, the dosage of microbial agents is dynamically adjusted to improve the microbial system of the diseased soil, thereby remediating soils affected by continuous cropping. In other words, this application effectively combines soil testing and fertilization with microbial testing and fertilization, using soil conditioners and microbial agents in a targeted and dynamic manner to improve soil physicochemical indicators, enhance the soil micro-ecosystem, and ultimately improve the quality and grade of crops grown in continuous cropping.
[0013] In this application, May is the period when soil-borne diseases of ginger first appear. Conducting fertilization based on bacterial testing during this period can inhibit the reproduction of harmful microorganisms in the diseased soil, thus initially achieving effective control of ginger diseases in the soil.
[0014] Optionally, the method for remediating and improving diseased soil by testing for pathogens and applying fertilizers further includes: (3) in early June of the following year, testing the organic matter content in the diseased soil and the relative abundance of pathogenic fungi and bacteria at the level of normal soil and diseased soil to determine the dosage of soil conditioner and microbial agent; applying the soil conditioner and microbial agent to the diseased soil in mid-June; the dosage of the microbial agent is determined as follows:
[0015] When the relative abundance is <5%, no microbial inoculants need to be applied.
[0016] When the relative abundance is 10-20%, the dosage of microbial inoculant is 1.8-2.2 kg / mu.
[0017] When the relative abundance is 20-30%, the dosage of microbial inoculant is 2.5-3.5 kg / mu.
[0018] When the relative abundance is >30%, the dosage of microbial inoculant is 4.5-5.5 kg / mu.
[0019] In this application, hilling up ginger is typically carried out in June. Therefore, applying soil conditioner and microbial inoculant together to the ginger soil during this period can improve the soil quality. Furthermore, the soil conditioner provides essential nutrients for microbial survival, thus effectively controlling diseases.
[0020] Optionally, the method for remediating and improving diseased soil by testing for microorganisms and applying fertilizers further includes: (4) in early July of the following year, testing the relative abundance of fungi and bacteria at the level of pathogenic bacteria in normal soil and diseased soil to determine the dosage of microbial agents; applying the microbial agents to the diseased soil in mid-July; the dosage of the microbial agents is determined as follows:
[0021] When the relative abundance is <10%, no microbial inoculants need to be applied.
[0022] When the relative abundance is 10-20%, the dosage of microbial inoculant is 1.8-2.2 kg / mu.
[0023] When the relative abundance is 20-30%, the dosage of microbial inoculant is 2.5-3.5 kg / mu.
[0024] When the relative abundance is >30%, the dosage of microbial inoculant is 4.5-5.5 kg / mu.
[0025] In this application, July is the period of high temperature and high humidity, which is the second peak period for soil-borne diseases of ginger. Therefore, during this period, soil microbial testing and fertilization are carried out to further inhibit the reproduction of harmful microorganisms and avoid diseased plants such as stem wilting, dry leaves, stem base rot and seedling death in ginger, thereby further ensuring the yield and quality of ginger.
[0026] Optionally, in step (1), the dosage of the soil conditioner is determined as follows:
[0027] When organic matter content is less than 15 g / kg, use 600 kg / mu of soil conditioner.
[0028] When the organic matter content is 16-25 g / kg, the soil conditioner should be applied at a rate of 400 kg / mu.
[0029] When the organic matter content is 26-35 g / kg and the soil conditioner content is 320 kg / mu,
[0030] When organic matter > 36g / kg, use 200kg / mu of soil conditioner.
[0031] Optionally, in step (3), the dosage of the soil conditioner is determined as follows:
[0032] When organic matter content is less than 15 g / kg, use 200 kg / mu of soil conditioner.
[0033] When the organic matter content is 16-25 g / kg and the soil conditioner content is 160 kg / mu,
[0034] When the organic matter content is 26-35 g / kg and the soil conditioner content is 120 kg / mu,
[0035] When organic matter > 36g / kg, use 80kg / mu of soil conditioner.
[0036] Optionally, the viable count of the microbial agent is ≥500 million CFU / g, and the strain is selected from one or more of Bacillus belye, Bacillus atrophus, and Trichoderma.
[0037] Optionally, the microbial agent contains Bacillus bellis, Bacillus atrophus, and Trichoderma, with a viable count ≥ 500 million CFU / g; the microbial agent is applied by drip irrigation or fertigation.
[0038] Optionally, the ratio of viable Bacillus vesiculosus, Bacillus atrophus and Trichoderma in the microbial agent is 2:(0.3-1):(1-1.8).
[0039] In some embodiments, the ratio of viable counts of Bacillus belyssus, Bacillus atrophus, and Trichoderma can be 2:(0.3-0.5):1.2, 2:(0.3-0.8):1.2, 2:(0.3-1):1.2, 2:(0.5-0.8):1.2, 2:(0.5-1):1.2, 2:(0.8-1):1.2, 2:0.5:(1-1.2), 2:0.5:(1-1.5), 2:0.5:(1-1.8), 2:0.5:(1.2-1.5), 2:0.5:(1.2-1.8), or 2:0.5:(1.5-1.8).
[0040] In one specific implementation, the ratio of viable counts of Bacillus belyssus, Bacillus atrophus and Trichoderma can also be 2:0.3:1.2, 2:0.5:1.2, 2:0.8:1.2, 2:1:1.2, 2:0.5:1, 2:0.5:1.5 or 2:0.5:1.8.
[0041] Optionally, the method of applying the soil conditioner in step (1) is as follows: the soil conditioner is evenly spread on the soil surface, and then rotary tillage is carried out to a depth of 25-50cm.
[0042] The method of applying the soil conditioner in step (3) is as follows: the soil conditioner is evenly spread on the soil surface and then covered with soil.
[0043] Optionally, the soil conditioner contains ≥200 million CFU / g of live bacteria, ≥75% organic matter content, ≥30% total biological humic acid, ≥20% easily oxidizable organic matter, and ≥400mg / kg of calcium, magnesium, iron, manganese, zinc, and iodine.
[0044] Optionally, the diseased soil is soil affected by continuous cropping of ginger.
[0045] In summary, this application has the following beneficial effects:
[0046] 1. This application provides a method for the remediation and improvement of diseased soil by microbial testing and fertilization. The method adopts the technology of microbial testing and fertilization, which measures the microbial structure of the soil during crop growth and dynamically applies microbial agents to solve the disease problems of soil with continuous cropping obstacles and realize the remediation of soil with continuous cropping.
[0047] 2. This application uses a microbial agent containing Bacillus vesiculosus, Bacillus atrophus and Trichoderma to remediate ginger continuous cropping soil, and controls the viable count of the three in the microbial agent within the range of 2: (0.3-1): (1-1.8), which can improve the remediation effect of ginger continuous cropping obstacle soil, and make ginger of better quality and higher yield. Detailed Implementation
[0048] This application provides a method for the remediation and improvement of soil affected by ginger diseases through fungal testing and fertilization, including the following steps:
[0049] (1) In October of that year, the organic matter content in the soil affected by ginger disease was tested, and the amount of soil conditioner was determined; in November, the soil conditioner was evenly spread on the surface of the soil affected by ginger disease, and then rotary tillage was carried out to a depth of 25-50cm; the amount of soil conditioner was determined as follows:
[0050] When organic matter content is less than 15 g / kg, use 600 kg / mu of soil conditioner.
[0051] When the organic matter content is 16-25 g / kg, the soil conditioner should be applied at a rate of 400 kg / mu.
[0052] When the organic matter content is 26-35 g / kg and the soil conditioner content is 320 kg / mu,
[0053] When organic matter > 36g / kg, use 200kg / mu of soil conditioner.
[0054] (2) In early May of the following year, the relative abundance of fungi and bacteria at the level of pathogens in normal soil and diseased ginger soil was tested to determine the dosage of microbial inoculants; in mid-May, the microbial inoculants were drip-irrigated or applied to the diseased ginger soil; the dosage of the microbial inoculants was determined as follows:
[0055] When the relative abundance is <5%, the dosage of microbial inoculant is 1.8-2.2 kg / mu.
[0056] When the relative abundance is 5-10%, the dosage of microbial inoculant is 2.5-3.5 kg / mu.
[0057] When the relative abundance is >10%, the dosage of microbial inoculant is 4.5-5.5 kg / mu.
[0058] (3) In early June of the following year, the organic matter content in the soil affected by ginger disease and the relative abundance of fungi and bacteria at the level of pathogens in normal soil and soil affected by ginger disease were tested to determine the dosage of soil conditioner and microbial agent; in late June, the soil conditioner was evenly spread on the soil surface and then covered with soil, and the microbial agent was drip-irrigated or applied to the soil affected by ginger disease.
[0059] The dosage of the microbial inoculant is determined as follows:
[0060] When the relative abundance is <5%, no microbial inoculants need to be applied.
[0061] When the relative abundance is 10-20%, the dosage of microbial inoculant is 1.8-2.2 kg / mu.
[0062] When the relative abundance is 20-30%, the dosage of microbial inoculant is 2.5-3.5 kg / mu.
[0063] When the relative abundance is >30%, the dosage of microbial inoculant is 4.5-5.5 kg / mu;
[0064] The dosage of the soil conditioner is determined as follows:
[0065] When organic matter content is less than 15 g / kg, use 200 kg / mu of soil conditioner.
[0066] When the organic matter content is 16-25 g / kg and the soil conditioner content is 160 kg / mu,
[0067] When the organic matter content is 26-35 g / kg and the soil conditioner content is 120 kg / mu,
[0068] When organic matter > 36g / kg, use 80kg / mu of soil conditioner.
[0069] (4) In early July of the following year, the relative abundance of fungi and bacteria at the level of pathogens in normal soil and ginger disease soil was tested to determine the dosage of microbial inoculants; in mid-July, the microbial inoculants were drip-irrigated or applied to the ginger disease soil; the dosage of the microbial inoculants was determined as follows:
[0070] When the relative abundance is <10%, no microbial inoculants need to be applied.
[0071] When the relative abundance is 10-20%, the dosage of microbial inoculant is 1.8-2.2 kg / mu.
[0072] When the relative abundance is 20-30%, the dosage of microbial inoculant is 2.5-3.5 kg / mu.
[0073] When the relative abundance is >30%, the dosage of microbial inoculant is 4.5-5.5 kg / mu.
[0074] In this application, the viable count of the microbial agent is ≥500 million CFU / g, and the strain is selected from one or more of Bacillus vesiculosus, Bacillus atrophicus and Trichoderma. Further, the microbial agent contains Bacillus vesiculosus, Bacillus atrophicus and Trichoderma in a viable count ratio of 2:(0.3-1):(1-1.8); and even further, the viable count ratio of Bacillus vesiculosus, Bacillus atrophicus and Trichoderma is 2:(0.3-0.8):(1.2-1.5).
[0075] In this application, the community structure of fungi and bacteria in normal soil and diseased soil was determined using high-throughput sequencing technology, and the above-mentioned testing was commissioned to Beijing Novogene Technology Co., Ltd.; the method for detecting the organic matter content of the soil was in accordance with NY / T 1121.6-2006.
[0076] In this application, the preservation number of Bacillus belyssus is CGMCC No. 28824; the preservation number of Bacillus atrophus is CGMCC No. 29366; the preservation number of Trichoderma is CGMCC No. 15677; the soil conditioner is a commercially available product of Beijing Jiabowen Biotechnology Co., Ltd., with a viable bacterial count ≥200 million CFU / g, organic matter content ≥75%, total biological humic acid ≥30%, easily oxidizable organic matter ≥20%, calcium + magnesium + iron + manganese + zinc + iodine ≥400mg / kg, pH: 6.5-7.5, and moisture ≤8%; other reagents and solvents used in this application are also commercially available.
[0077] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and detection tests. Example 1
[0078] Example 1 provides a method for the remediation and improvement of soil affected by ginger diseases through fungal testing and fertilization, comprising the following steps:
[0079] (1) In October 2023, two ginger planting experimental fields of equal area were selected in Xihetan Village, Changyi City, Weifang City, Shandong Province. The experimental fields were planted with Changyi ginger (planting density: 4000-4500 plants / mu). One of them was a normal experimental field without continuous cropping obstacles, and the other was a disease experimental field with more serious continuous cropping obstacles①.
[0080] Diseased soil was taken from diseased experimental field ①. The organic matter content in the diseased soil ① was tested and found to be 17.2 g / kg. The dosage of soil conditioner was determined to be 400 kg / mu. In November, the soil conditioner was evenly spread in the diseased experimental field ① according to the above dosage, and then rotary tillage was carried out at a depth of 35±5 cm.
[0081] (2) On May 1, 2023, soil samples were taken from the normal experimental field and the diseased experimental field ①, and the relative abundance of fungi and bacteria at the level of pathogenic bacteria in the two soils was tested. The test showed that the relative abundance of diseased soil ① was 13.4% compared with normal soil, and the dosage of microbial agent was determined to be 5 kg / mu. On May 15, the microbial agent was diluted 500 times according to the above dosage and then applied to the diseased experimental field ①.
[0082] (3) On June 5, 2023, soil samples were taken from the normal experimental field and the diseased experimental field ①, and the relative abundance of fungi and bacteria at the level of pathogenic bacteria in the two soils was tested. The relative abundance of diseased soil ① compared with normal soil was 11.4%, and the dosage of microbial agent was determined to be 2 kg / mu. The organic matter content in diseased soil ① was 30.4 g / kg, and the dosage of soil conditioner was determined to be 120 kg / mu.
[0083] On June 13, the soil conditioner was evenly spread in the disease test field ① according to the above dosage, and then covered with soil; the microbial agent was diluted 500 times according to the above dosage and applied to the disease test field.
[0084] (4) On July 8, 2023, soil samples were taken from the normal test field and the disease test field ①, and the relative abundance of fungi and bacteria at the level of pathogenic bacteria in the two soils was tested. The relative abundance of diseased soil ① compared with normal soil was 7.8%, so there was no need to apply microbial agents.
[0085] In the above embodiments, the viable count of the microbial agent is 500 million CFU / g, and the ratio of viable counts of Bacillus belysae, Bacillus atrophus and Trichoderma is 2:0.5:1.2. Example 2
[0086] Example 2 provides a method for the remediation and improvement of soil affected by ginger diseases through fungal testing and fertilization, comprising the following steps:
[0087] (1) In October 2023, two ginger planting experimental fields of equal area were selected in Dalianying Village, Changyi City, Weifang City, Shandong Province. The experimental fields were planted with Changyi ginger (planting density: 4000-4500 plants / mu). One of them was a normal experimental field without continuous cropping obstacles, and the other was a disease experimental field with more serious continuous cropping obstacles.
[0088] Diseased soil was taken from diseased experimental field ②. The organic matter content in diseased soil ② was tested and found to be 27.4 g / kg. The dosage of soil conditioner was determined to be 320 kg / mu. In November, the soil conditioner was evenly spread on the soil surface of the diseased experimental field according to the above dosage, and then rotary tillage was carried out to a depth of 35±5 cm.
[0089] (2) On May 1, 2023, soil samples were taken from both the normal experimental field and the diseased experimental field, and the relative abundance of fungi and bacteria at the level of pathogens in the two soils was tested. The test showed that the relative abundance of pathogens in the diseased soil was 20.7% compared with the normal soil, and the dosage of microbial agent was determined to be 5 kg / mu. On May 15, the microbial agent was diluted 500 times according to the above dosage and then applied to the diseased experimental field.
[0090] (3) On June 5, 2023, soil samples were taken from both the normal experimental field and the diseased experimental field, and the relative abundance of fungi and bacteria at the level of pathogenic bacteria in the two soils was tested. The relative abundance of pathogenic bacteria in the diseased soil was 16.8% compared with that in the normal soil, and the dosage of microbial agent was determined to be 2 kg / mu. The organic matter content in the diseased soil was 39.1 g / kg, and the dosage of soil conditioner was determined to be 80 kg / mu.
[0091] On June 13, the soil conditioner was evenly spread in the disease test field according to the above dosage, and then covered with soil; the microbial agent was diluted 500 times according to the above dosage and applied to the disease test field.
[0092] (4) On July 8, 2023, soil samples were taken from the normal experimental field and the diseased experimental field, and the relative abundance of fungi and bacteria at the level of pathogens in the two soils was tested. The relative abundance of diseased soil compared with normal soil was 11.3%, and the dosage of microbial agent was determined to be 2 kg / mu. On July 12, the microbial agent was diluted 500 times according to the above dosage and applied to the diseased experimental field.
[0093] In the above embodiments, the viable count of the microbial agent is 500 million CFU / g, and the ratio of viable counts of Bacillus belysae, Bacillus atrophus and Trichoderma is 2:0.5:1.2.
[0094] Example 3-11
[0095] Examples 3-11 provide a method for the remediation and improvement of soil affected by ginger diseases through fungal testing and fertilization.
[0096] The difference between the above embodiments and Embodiment 1 is that the types of strains and the ratio of viable bacteria in the microbial inoculant are as shown in Table 1 below.
[0097] Table 1. Types and viable cell ratios of microbial inoculants in Examples 1 and 3-11
[0098]
[0099] Performance testing
[0100] (1) On August 2, 2023, quality tests were conducted on ginger in the experimental fields (demonstration areas 1-11) improved by the methods of Examples 1-11, the disease experimental field ① (control area 1) without repair and improvement, the disease experimental field ② (control area 2) without repair and improvement, and the normal experimental field (control area 3). The results included plant height and stem diameter of the head and bud. The average values were taken and the results are shown in Table 2 below.
[0101] (2) On August 2, 2023, the ginger plants in each experimental field were observed to see if there were any diseased plants such as stem wilting, dry leaves, stem base rot and seedling death. The number of diseased plants in each area was counted and the results are shown in Table 2 below.
[0102] (3) On October 17, 2023, ginger was harvested from each experimental field. The surface of the ginger was washed with water to obtain the yield of ginger from each experimental field. The results are shown in Table 2 below.
[0103] Table 2. Results of quality and yield testing of ginger in each experimental field.
[0104]
[0105] According to the test results in Table 2, the ginger plants in control areas 1 and 2 showed a large number of wilted leaves, stem rot, and seedling death, with 1278-1591 diseased plants / mu and a yield of approximately 2416.9-2657.4 kg / mu. In contrast, the ginger plants in demonstration areas 1-11 showed vigorous growth, green leaves, and very few seedling deaths, with only 57-373 diseased plants / mu and a yield as high as 4830.8-5736.1 kg / mu. Therefore, this application demonstrates that the soil remediation and improvement method for ginger diseases using microbial testing and fertilization can effectively address soil problems caused by continuous cropping of ginger and improve the quality and yield of continuously cropped ginger.
[0106] The test results from Demonstration Zones 1 and 3-11 showed that when diseased soil ① was improved using a microbial agent containing *Bacillus belyceae*, *Bacillus atrophicus*, and *Trichoderma* with a viable bacteria ratio of 2:(0.3-1):(1-1.8), the resulting ginger plants had a height of approximately 133.3-138.6 cm, a stem diameter of 20.0-21.8 mm, a diseased plant count of 57-219 plants / mu, and a yield of 5025.2-5736.1 kg / mu. However, when diseased soil ① was improved using a microbial agent containing *Bacillus belyceae*, *Bacillus atrophicus*, and *Trichoderma* with a viable bacteria ratio of 1:1:1, the resulting ginger plants had a height of approximately 128.6 cm, a stem diameter of 20.0 mm, a diseased plant count of 234 plants / mu, and a yield of 4934.9 kg / mu. kg / mu; In demonstration areas 10-11, microbial agents containing Bacillus berleis and Bacillus atrophicus with a live bacteria ratio of 2:0.5, or Bacillus berleis and Trichoderma with a live bacteria ratio of 2:1.2, were used to improve the diseased soil①. The resulting ginger plants had a height of approximately 125.6-127.7 cm, a stem diameter of 19.1-19.3 mm, a diseased plant count of 289-373 plants / mu, and a yield of 4830.8-4885.7 kg / mu. Therefore, this application demonstrates that further use of microbial agents containing Bacillus berleis, Bacillus atrophicus, and Trichoderma with a live bacteria ratio of 2:(0.3-1):(1-1.8) to improve the diseased soil can improve the remediation effect of soil with continuous cropping obstacles in ginger, resulting in better ginger quality and higher yield.
[0107] Although the present invention has been described in detail above with general descriptions and specific embodiments, modifications or improvements can be made to it, which will be obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, all such modifications or improvements made without departing from the spirit of the present invention fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for remediation and improvement of a diseased soil by means of a microorganism- specific fertilization, characterized in that, It comprises the following steps: (1) In October of the current year, the organic matter content in the diseased soil is detected, and the amount of soil conditioner is determined; in November, the soil conditioner is applied to the diseased soil; The amount of soil conditioner is determined as follows: When the organic matter is <15 g / kg, the soil conditioner is 600 kg / acre, When the organic matter is 16-25 g / kg, the soil conditioner is 400 kg / acre, When the organic matter is 26-35 g / kg, the soil conditioner is 320 kg / acre, When the organic matter is >36 g / kg, the soil conditioner is 200 kg / acre (2) In early May of the next year, the relative abundance of horizontal pathogenic bacteria of fungi and bacteria in normal soil and diseased soil is detected, and the amount of microbial agent is determined; in mid-May, the microbial agent is applied to the diseased soil; the amount of microbial agent is determined as follows: When the relative abundance is <5%, the amount of microbial agent is 1.8-2.2 kg / acre, When the relative abundance is 5-10%, the amount of microbial agent is 2.5-3.5 kg / acre, When the relative abundance is >10%, the amount of microbial agent is 4.5-5.5 kg / acre; (3) In early June of the next year, the organic matter content in the diseased soil and the relative abundance of horizontal pathogenic bacteria of fungi and bacteria in normal soil and diseased soil are detected, and the amounts of soil conditioner and microbial agent are determined; in mid-June, the soil conditioner and microbial agent are applied to the diseased soil; The amount of microbial agent is determined as follows: When the relative abundance is <5%, no microbial agent is needed, When the relative abundance is 10-20%, the amount of microbial agent is 1.8-2.2 kg / acre, When the relative abundance is 20-30%, the amount of microbial agent is 2.5-3.5 kg / acre, When the relative abundance is >30%, the amount of microbial agent is 4.5-5.5 kg / acre; The amount of soil conditioner is determined as follows: When the organic matter is <15 g / kg, the soil conditioner is 200 kg / acre, When the organic matter is 16-25 g / kg, the soil conditioner is 160 kg / acre, When the organic matter is 26-35 g / kg, the soil conditioner is 120 kg / acre, When the organic matter is >36 g / kg, the soil conditioner is 80 kg / acre; (4) In early July of the next year, the relative abundance of horizontal pathogenic bacteria of fungi and bacteria in normal soil and diseased soil is detected, and the amount of microbial agent is determined; in mid-July, the microbial agent is applied to the diseased soil; the amount of microbial agent is determined as follows When the relative abundance is <10%, no microbial agent is needed, When the relative abundance is 10-20%, the amount is 1.8-2.2 kg / acre, When the relative abundance is 10-20%, the amount is 1.8- 2.2 kg / acre, When the relative abundance is >30%, the amount is 4.5-5.5 kg / acre; The microbial agent contains Bacillus velezensis, Bacillus atrophaeus, and Trichoderma, and the number of viable bacteria is ≥5 billion CFU / g; the ratio of the number of viable bacteria of Bacillus velezensis, Bacillus atrophaeus, and Trichoderma is 2:(0.3-1):(1-1.8).
2. The method for remediation and improvement of diseased soil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The use method of the microbial agent is drip irrigation or flushing.
3. The method for remediation and improvement of diseased soil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fertilization method of the soil conditioner in the step (1) is: uniformly spreading the soil conditioner on the surface of the soil, and then rotary plowing, the depth of rotary plowing being 25-50 cm; The fertilization method of the soil conditioner in the step (3) is: uniformly spreading the soil conditioner on the surface of the soil, and then covering the soil.
4. The method for remediation and improvement of diseased soil according to claim 3, characterized in that, The soil conditioner contains live bacteria of ≥200 million CFU / g, organic matter of ≥75%, total biological humic acid of ≥30%, easily oxidized organic matter of ≥20%, and calcium+ magnesium+ iron+ manganese+ zinc+ iodine of ≥400 mg / kg.
5. The method for remediation and improvement of diseased soil according to claim 3, characterized in that, The disease soil is a heavy-crop continuous-cropping disease soil of ginger.