A method for transforming the management of low-yield forests

Abstract

The application discloses a low-efficiency forest reconstruction management method, and belongs to the technical field of low-efficiency forest management. The reconstruction management method comprises the steps of forest regulation, density regulation, mixed forest cultivation and post-period management and protection. The forest density is adjusted by forest regulation and thinning, and the health condition is improved, so that suitable habitat conditions are created for the growth of trees. Then, suitable native trees and shrubs are selected for mixed cultivation, and a mixed forest with complex structure and rich species is formed, so that the forest regeneration capacity is improved, the low-efficiency forest is positively succeeded, and the forest ecological benefits are improved. In the process, a composite regulation fertilizer is prepared and applied. The composite regulation fertilizer can help the seedlings to safely pass the slow growth period, promote root growth, adsorb the migrated nutrients in the surrounding soil and fix the nutrients at the root system of the seedlings, improve the competition ability of the seedlings for the soil nutrients in the forest, efficiently utilize the soil nutrients in the forest, ensure the good growth of the seedlings and effectively improve the afforestation benefits.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of low-efficiency forest management, and particularly relates to a low-efficiency forest reconstruction management method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Low-efficiency forest is a forest stand affected by human or natural factors, with a disorder of stand structure and stability, a delay of tree growth and development, a degradation or loss of system function, a significant decrease of forest ecological function, forest product yield or biomass compared with the average level of the same forest stand under the same site condition, and a failure to meet the cultivation target.

[0003] Low-efficiency forest has a low overall quality of forest resources, a decline of forest productivity, and a difficulty in meeting people's demand for ecological system service function. Therefore, it is of great significance to reconstruct low-efficiency forest, to create mixed forest with complex structure, rich species and multiple functions, to ensure forest ecological safety, to improve forest ecological benefit, and to promote ecological civilization construction. In the traditional low-efficiency forest reconstruction management process, the reconstruction management benefit is poor, the cost of tending is poor, and the like due to improper selection of mixed tree species, improper mixed method, and the like, and problems such as poor forest nutrition and frequent pine wood nematode disease.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to find an effective low-efficiency forest reconstruction method to reconstruct low-efficiency forest, to improve stand structure, and to improve stand quality and regeneration capacity. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of this, the present application aims to provide a low-efficiency forest reconstruction management method, to plant suitable native tree species to form mixed forest after adjusting the density of low-efficiency forest, and to treat the planted seedlings by applying compound regulation fertilizer, to improve mixed benefit, to reduce afforestation cost, to better promote the recovery of low-efficiency forest, and to improve forest ecological benefit.

[0006] The present application solves the above technical problems by the following technical means:

[0007] A low-efficiency forest reconstruction management method, the method is as follows:

[0008] (1) Forest pruning: removing interlayer vines in the forest, cutting off weeds and shrubs in the shrub zone, and removing pathogenic trees, damaged trees, old and weak trees, curved trees, and fallen trees in the forest;

[0009] (2) Density regulation: carrying out thinning on the area with a canopy density of greater than or equal to 0.8 by using light transmission thinning, so that the target tree species are uniformly distributed, and the canopy density is kept at 0.6-0.65 after thinning; after the thinning is completed, the target tree species are supplemented, the density of the target tree species is adjusted to 80-100 trees per mu, and the compound regulation fertilizer in step (2) is applied during the supplementing;

[0010] (3) Mixed forest creation: planting associated tree species and shrub tree species to create mixed forest after the thinning, and applying the compound regulation fertilizer in step (2) during the planting;

[0011] (4) Later management: after 1 year of planting of the associated tree and shrub species, the side branches of the original purpose tree are pruned according to the growth of the newly planted purpose tree, associated tree and shrub, so as to ensure a good growth environment for the trees in the forest. Subsequently, the trees are pruned, weeded, watered and managed for disease and pest control according to the conventional method.

[0012] Through the steps of forest thinning, density regulation, mixed forest cultivation and later management, the low-efficiency forest is reformed, the pathogenic trees and weak trees in the forest are removed, and the light cutting is performed according to the canopy density and the purpose tree species are replanted to adjust the density of the trees, improve the health conditions, create an environment conducive to the growth of the trees, and improve the quality of the forest stand. Then, the appropriate native valuable tree associated tree species and shrub species are planted to form a mixed forest with complex structure and rich species, improve the structure of the forest stand, increase the biodiversity, and improve the forest coverage, so as to realize the positive succession of the forest stand and achieve the purpose of rapid quality improvement and efficiency increase.

[0013] Further, the associated tree species planted in step (3) are any one or two of Robinia pseudoacacia, Quercus acutissima, Liquidambar formosana, Schima superba, Machilus chinensis, Cinnamomum camphora, Koelreuteria paniculata, Melia azedarach, Michelia maudiae, Terminalia calamansanai, Sapium sebiferum.

[0014] Further, the shrub species planted in step (3) are any one or two of Cotinus coggygria, Pygeum topica, Camellia pitardii, Eurya japonica, Lindera aggregata, Mallotus apelta, Pterocarya stenoptera, Viburnum dilatatum.

[0015] Further, the compound regulation fertilizer comprises the following raw materials by mass:

[0016] Ammonium bicarbonate, zinc sulfate heptahydrate, indole butyric acid, humic acid, sodium alginate, acetanilide, diethylene glycol acid, 2wt% calcium chloride solution, sodium bentonite, glutathione, DL-isocitric acid lactone, polyvinyl alcohol.

[0017] Further, the preparation method of the compound regulation fertilizer is as follows:

[0018] A: ammonium bicarbonate and zinc sulfate heptahydrate are dissolved in water, then indole butyric acid and humic acid are added and stirred to mix uniformly to obtain a rooting fertilizer;

[0019] B: sodium alginate is dissolved in water to prepare a 1wt% sodium alginate solution, acetanilide and diethylene glycol acid are added to the sodium alginate solution, stirred uniformly, heated to 60-70℃ for 10-20min, after the reaction is completed, the temperature is kept constant, the rooting fertilizer is added and mixed uniformly, then 2wt% calcium chloride solution is added and stirred to gel, then cooled to room temperature, and then placed for 4-6h before drying, after drying, granulation is performed to obtain rooting fertilizer slow-release granules;

[0020] C: sodium bentonite is added to water and stirred to disperse, the pH is adjusted to 7.2-7.5, then glutathione and DL-isocitric acid lactone are added, the temperature is raised to 50-60℃ and stirred for 20-40min, after the reaction is completed, it is cooled to room temperature and left overnight to obtain a bentonite mixture; polyvinyl alcohol is added to the bentonite mixture and mixed uniformly, then granulated in a granulator to obtain bentonite mixed particles with a particle size of 1-2mm, and the bentonite mixed particles are dried to obtain solid fertilizer particles; the rooting fertilizer slow-release particles and the solid fertilizer particles are mixed uniformly at a mass ratio of 1:1.5 to obtain a composite controlled-release fertilizer.

[0021] When low-efficiency forests are managed and transformed, the survival rate of newly planted seedlings is the key to ensuring the management benefits. The soil layer in low-efficiency forests is thin and the fertility is low. After the seedlings are planted, the root activity is low. In addition, the root system is damaged to varying degrees during the transplanting process, which reduces the root activity and leads to inhibition of the functions of the seedling root system such as water absorption, fertilizer absorption, and respiration, resulting in a decrease in the survival rate. Rooting agents need to be used to promote root wound healing to ensure the survival rate. However, rooting agents are mostly used by the way of root soaking. After root soaking, a certain period of time is needed to dry and form a film. During the process of creating mixed forests in low-efficiency forests, a large number of seedlings are transplanted. The way of root soaking greatly increases the labor and time cost. Therefore, sodium alginate is used to embed indole-3-butyric acid rooting agent and add humic acid to prepare rooting fertilizer slow-release particles. The rooting fertilizer slow-release particles are applied to the planting hole during the seedling transplanting process. After the rooting fertilizer slow-release particles absorb water, they swell and release the internal indole-3-butyric acid, promoting root wound healing and improving root activity, thereby improving the survival rate of seedlings. At the same time, the high-activity root system absorbs the nutrients in the rooting fertilizer slow-release particles to grow rapidly, improving the afforestation management benefits. In addition, the sodium alginate gel embedding the rooting agent has strong water absorption and can adsorb and retain the water for irrigation to slowly release the water to the seedlings, which can reduce the irrigation frequency while ensuring the water supply during the seedling recovery period, thereby reducing the afforestation cost.

[0022] However, sodium alginate is easily degraded in soil and has a short action time. Therefore, acetanilide is used to treat sodium alginate. By changing the molecular structure of sodium alginate, a more stable three-dimensional structure is formed during gelation, which enhances the stability in soil and prolongs the action time. Diethylene glycol acid is also used to react with sodium alginate to improve the water absorption strength of sodium alginate, better retain water, reduce the irrigation frequency, and reduce the afforestation cost.

[0023] When the root growth fertilizer slow-release granules gradually degrade completely, the seedlings mainly rely on the nutrients released by the decomposition of forest litter and the like for growth, but in the low-efficiency forest, the nutrient content is low, and the seedlings with short and shallow root systems are difficult to compete for and absorb the nutrients in the soil for growth, therefore, the present application also prepares the root fixation fertilizer granules mixed with the root growth fertilizer slow-release granules and applies them to the root of the seedlings, the root fixation fertilizer can effectively absorb the nutrients migrated from the surrounding soil and fix them in the root of the seedlings, thereby increasing the available nutrients for the root system of the seedlings, ensuring the supply of nutrients, and promoting the growth of the seedlings.

[0024] The components in the composite regulation fertilizer synergize with each other to provide a good microenvironment for the growth of the seedlings, improve the survival rate of the seedlings, promote the good growth of the seedlings, and thereby improve the afforestation benefit and reduce the afforestation cost.

[0025] Further, the mass ratio of the ammonium bicarbonate, the zinc sulfate heptahydrate, the indole butyric acid, and the humic acid in the step A is (1-2):(0.3-0.6):(0.01-0.03):(5-9).

[0026] Further, the mass ratio of the sodium alginate solution, the acetanilide, the diglycolic acid, the root growth fertilizer, and the 2wt% calcium chloride solution in the step B is (15-25):(0.05-0.1):(0.1-0.2):(10-20):(0.5-1).

[0027] Further, the mass ratio of the sodium bentonite, the glutathione, the DL-isocitric acid lactone, and the polyvinyl alcohol in the step C is (10-18):(0.5-1.5):(0.25-0.75):(0.25-0.5).

[0028] Further, the application method of the composite regulation fertilizer is as follows:

[0029] Plant the tree according to the hole planting method, vertically stand the seedling in the hole, then uniformly mix the compound regulation and control fertilizer and the soil in a mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain a regulation and control fertilizer-soil mixture, apply the mixture to the hole in an amount of 1-3 kg / hole, compact and fix the root system of the seedling, pour water, backfill the soil to the level of the hole and compact, and the operation is completed. Beneficial effects

[0030] 1. The compound regulation and control fertilizer is applied in combination with the planting of the seedling, the compound regulation and control fertilizer promotes the wound healing of the root system of the seedling, accelerates the rooting, continuously improves the root system activity, and provides sufficient nutrients for the growth of the seedling, thereby improving the survival rate of the seedling and improving the afforestation benefit. In addition, the compound regulation and control fertilizer can also effectively fix the migrated nutrients in the forest to supply the seedling, promote the competitive utilization of the nutrients in the soil in the forest by the newly planted seedling, and promote the good growth of the seedling.

[0031] 2. After the low-efficiency forest is subjected to the forest management treatment, the companion arbor and shrub are supplemented, and a mixed complex forest is formed, so that the rationalization of the forest structure is realized, the stand regeneration capacity is improved, the biodiversity, the stress resistance and the stability of the stand are improved, the positive succession of the low-efficiency forest in the reservoir area is accelerated, and the ecological benefit of the forest in the reservoir area is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 : is the growth condition picture of the low-efficiency cypress forest in the second experiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 2 : is the planting picture of the companion tree species of Phoebe sheareri in the first experimental group in the second experiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The present application will be described in detail below in combination with specific embodiments and drawings:

[0035] Example 1: Preparation of the compound regulation and control fertilizer

[0036] A: 1.5 kg of ammonium bicarbonate and 0.5 kg of zinc sulfate heptahydrate are added to 10 kg of water to dissolve, then 0.02 kg of indole butyric acid and 7 kg of humic acid are added and stirred to mix uniformly to obtain a rooting fertilizer;

[0037] B: sodium alginate is dissolved in water to prepare 20 kg of a 1 wt% sodium alginate solution, 0.08 kg of acetanilide and 0.15 kg of diethylene glycol acid are added to the sodium alginate solution, stirred uniformly, heated to 65 DEG C for 15 min, after the reaction is completed, 15 kg of the rooting fertilizer is added and mixed uniformly, then 0.6 kg of a 2 wt% calcium chloride solution is added and stirred to gel, then cooled to room temperature, and then placed for 5 h, and then dried at 45 DEG C to a moisture content of 10%, and then put into a granulator to prepare granules with a particle size of 0.5 cm to obtain rooting fertilizer slow-release granules;

[0038] C: 15 kg of sodium bentonite was added to 45 kg of water and stirred to disperse, the pH was adjusted to 7.4, then 1 kg of glutathione and 0.5 kg of DL-isocitric lactone were added, the temperature was raised to 55°C and stirred for 30 min, after the reaction was completed, it was cooled to room temperature and stood overnight to obtain a bentonite mixture; 0.4 kg of polyvinyl alcohol was added to the bentonite mixture and mixed evenly, then it was put into a granulator to make bentonite mixed particles with a particle size of 2 mm, and the bentonite mixed particles were dried at 65°C to obtain solid fertilizer particles; the rooting fertilizer slow-release particles and the solid fertilizer particles were mixed uniformly at a mass ratio of 1:1.5 to obtain a composite controlled fertilizer.

[0039] Example 2: Preparation of a composite controlled fertilizer

[0040] A: 1 kg of ammonium bicarbonate, 0.3 kg of zinc sulfate heptahydrate was dissolved in 6.5 kg of water, then 0.01 kg of indole butyric acid, 5 kg of humic acid was stirred and mixed evenly to obtain a rooting fertilizer;

[0041] B: 15 kg of 1 wt% sodium alginate solution was prepared by dissolving sodium alginate in water, 0.05 kg of acetanilide and 0.1 kg of diethylene glycol acid were added to the sodium alginate solution, stirred evenly, heated to 60°C and reacted for 10 min, after the reaction was completed, 10 kg of rooting fertilizer was added and mixed evenly, then 0.5 kg of 2 wt% calcium chloride solution was added and stirred to gel, then cooled to room temperature and stood for 4 h, then dried at 45°C to a moisture content of 10%, then put into a granulator to prepare particles with a particle size of 0.5 cm to obtain rooting fertilizer slow-release particles;

[0042] C: 10 kg of sodium bentonite was added to 30 kg of water and stirred to disperse, the pH was adjusted to 7.3, then 0.5 kg of glutathione and 0.25 kg of DL-isocitric lactone were added, the temperature was raised to 50°C and stirred for 25 min, after the reaction was completed, it was cooled to room temperature and stood overnight to obtain a bentonite mixture; 0.25 kg of polyvinyl alcohol was added to the bentonite mixture and mixed evenly, then it was put into a granulator to make bentonite mixed particles with a particle size of 1.5 mm, and the bentonite mixed particles were dried at 65°C to obtain solid fertilizer particles; the rooting fertilizer slow-release particles and the solid fertilizer particles were mixed uniformly at a mass ratio of 1:1.5 to obtain a composite controlled fertilizer.

[0043] Example 3: Preparation of a composite controlled fertilizer

[0044] A: 2 kg of ammonium bicarbonate, 0.6 kg of zinc sulfate heptahydrate was dissolved in 13 kg of water, then 0.03 kg of indole butyric acid, 9 kg of humic acid was stirred and mixed evenly to obtain a rooting fertilizer;

[0045] B: 25 kg of 1 wt% sodium alginate solution was prepared by dissolving sodium alginate in water, 0.1 kg of acetanilide and 0.2 kg of diglycolic acid were added into the sodium alginate solution, after stirring uniformly, the temperature was raised to 70°C and reacted for 20 min, after the reaction was completed, 20 kg of rooting fertilizer was added and stirred uniformly, then 1 kg of 2 wt% calcium chloride solution was added and stirred to gel, then cooled to room temperature and stood for 6 h, then dried at 45°C to a moisture content of 10%, then put into a granulator to prepare granules with a particle size of 0.5 cm to obtain rooting fertilizer slow-release granules;

[0046] C: 18 kg of sodium bentonite was added into 54 kg of water and stirred to disperse, the pH was adjusted to 7.5, then 1.5 kg of glutathione and 0.75 kg of DL-isocitric acid lactone were added, the temperature was raised to 60°C and stirred to react for 40 min, after the reaction was completed, the temperature was cooled to room temperature and stood overnight to obtain a bentonite mixture; 0.5 kg of polyvinyl alcohol was added into the bentonite mixture and stirred uniformly, then put into a granulator to prepare bentonite mixed granules with a particle size of 2 mm, the bentonite mixed granules were dried at 65°C to obtain solid fertilizer granules; the rooting fertilizer slow-release granules and the solid fertilizer granules were mixed uniformly at a mass ratio of 1:1.5 to obtain a composite controlled-release fertilizer.

[0047] Comparative Example 1: Preparation of a composite controlled-release fertilizer

[0048] In comparison with Example 1, the only difference is that in Comparative Example 1, no acetanilide is added in step B during the preparation of the composite controlled-release fertilizer, and the other steps are the same as those in Example 1.

[0049] Comparative Example 2: Preparation of a composite controlled-release fertilizer

[0050] In comparison with Example 1, the only difference is that in Comparative Example 2, no diglycolic acid is added in step B during the preparation of the composite controlled-release fertilizer, and the other steps are the same as those in Example 1.

[0051] Comparative Example 3: Preparation of a composite controlled-release fertilizer

[0052] In comparison with Example 1, the only difference is that in Comparative Example 3, no glutathione is added in step C during the preparation of the composite controlled-release fertilizer, and the other steps are the same as those in Example 1.

[0053] Comparative Example 4: Preparation of a composite controlled-release fertilizer

[0054] In comparison with Example 1, the only difference is that in Comparative Example 4, no DL-isocitric acid lactone is added in step C during the preparation of the composite controlled-release fertilizer, and the other steps are the same as those in Example 1.

[0055] Comparative Example 5: Preparation of a composite controlled-release fertilizer

[0056] In comparison with Example 1, the only difference is that in Comparative Example 5, the pH in Step C is adjusted to 6.8.

[0057] Preparation of a composite controlled-release fertilizer

[0058] In comparison with Example 1, the only difference is that in Comparative Example 5, the stirring reaction in Step C is carried out at room temperature and without overnight standing, as shown below.

[0059] A-B: same as Example 1

[0060] C: 15 kg of sodium bentonite is added to 45 kg of water and stirred to disperse, the pH is adjusted to 7.4, then 1 kg of glutathione and 0.5 kg of DL-isocitric acid lactone are added, and the stirring reaction is carried out at room temperature for 30 min to obtain a bentonite mixture; 0.4 kg of polyvinyl alcohol is added to the bentonite mixture and mixed uniformly, then put into a granulator to make bentonite mixed particles with a particle size of 2 mm, and the bentonite mixed particles are dried at 65°C to obtain solid fertilizer particles; the rooting fertilizer slow-release particles and the solid fertilizer particles are mixed uniformly at a mass ratio of 1:1.5 to obtain a composite controlled-release fertilizer.

[0061] Experiment 1: detection experiment of the effect of rooting fertilizer slow-release particles

[0062] The effect of the rooting fertilizer slow-release particles prepared in Example 1, Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 is detected, and the experiment is divided into 4 groups: Example 1, Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 2 and a blank control. The experimental method is as follows: 500 g of the rooting fertilizer slow-release particles prepared in Example 1, Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 are respectively mixed uniformly with soil dug from the Yushan Yibaimu forest in Chongqing at a mass ratio of 1:2, the blank control group is not added with rooting agent, and all are put into soil (1.5 kg in total), and then watered with 500 g of water, and then placed in a room, and then the soil moisture content in each group is measured on the 15th day and the 25th day, and the data are shown in Table 1.

[0063] Table 1

[0064]

[0065] According to the data analysis of Table 1, it can be seen that:

[0066] The rooting fertilizer slow-release particles in Example 1 of the present application can effectively adsorb and retain the applied water, and the soil still maintains a high water content on the 15th day and the 25th day, which shows that the prepared rooting fertilizer slow-release particles have good water absorption effect and long action time, and can better ensure the water required for seedling growth of the seedlings in actual application, and can release rooting agent and nutrients for a long time, thereby promoting the survival of the seedlings and ensuring the good growth of the seedlings.

[0067] The rooting fertilizer slow-release granules in Comparative Example 1 were prepared without adding acetanilide, and the stability of the sodium alginate gel was poor, the degradation rate was faster than that of the sodium alginate gel in Example 1, and the water retention was reduced due to the increase in degradation amount, and the soil moisture content was lower than that of Example 1 on the 15th day and the 25th day; the rooting fertilizer slow-release granules in Comparative Example 2 were prepared without adding diethylene glycol acid, and the water absorption performance was poorer than that of Example 1, so the soil moisture content was lower than that of Example 1 on the 15th day and the 25th day.

[0068] Experiment: Low-efficiency forest transformation and management experiment in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area

[0069] 1. Experimental method: The cypress low-efficiency forest in Wushan County, Chongqing was transformed and managed, and the effect of the prepared composite regulation fertilizer was detected. Before the experiment, the forest benefits in this area were low, so the low-efficiency cypress forest in this area was managed and transformed at the same time, and the effect of the composite regulation fertilizer was verified. The specific transformation and management method is as follows:

[0070] (1) Forest thinning: remove the interlayer vines in the low-efficiency cypress forest, cut off the weeds and shrubs in the weed and shrub zone, and remove the pathogenic wood, damaged wood, weak wood, curved wood, and fallen wood in the forest;

[0071] (2) Density regulation: use light thinning to thin the area with a canopy density ≥0.8, so that the cypress is evenly distributed, and the canopy density after thinning is 0.63. After thinning, cypress seedlings are replanted to adjust the density of cypress in the forest to 90 plants per mu. When replanting, composite regulation fertilizer is applied. Specifically, first dig planting holes, vertically stand the seedlings in the holes, then mix the composite regulation fertilizer with the soil in a mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain a regulation fertilizer-soil mixture, apply 2 kg of the mixture to each hole, fix the root system of the seedling, and then backfill the soil to the hole level and compact it;

[0072] (3) Mixed forest cultivation: after thinning, plant companion tree species Michelia macclurei seedlings and shrub tree species Cotinus coggygria seedlings to cultivate mixed forests. The density of Michelia macclurei after planting is 50 plants per mu, and the density of Cotinus coggygria after planting is 60 plants per mu. Planting and applying composite regulation fertilizer are carried out according to the method in step (2);

[0073] (4) Post-management: one year after planting Michelia macclurei seedlings and Cotinus coggygria seedlings, prune the lateral branches of the original cypress according to the growth of the newly planted cypress, Michelia macclurei, and Cotinus coggygria, so as to ensure a good growth environment for the trees in the forest. Subsequent management operations such as pruning, weeding, watering, and pest control are carried out according to conventional methods.

[0074] 2. Experimental grouping: The experiment is divided into 8 groups: experimental group 1, control group 1-6, blank control group, the different of each group is only the application of different compound regulation and control fertilizer, the method of cultivation is according to the above method, the experimental group 1 uses the compound regulation and control fertilizer prepared by example 1; the control group 1-6 respectively applies the compound regulation and control fertilizer of comparative example 1-6, the blank control group does not apply the compound regulation and control fertilizer, only backfilling the soil.

[0075] 3. Result detection: The survival rate of the planted phoebe seedlings in each group is recorded, and the height growth of the phoebe seedlings is detected after 1 year and 2 years of planting, and the data is shown in Table 2.

[0076] Table 2

[0077]

[0078] According to the data analysis of Table 2, it can be known that:

[0079] (1) The survival rate of the phoebe seedlings in the experimental group 1 is high, and the height growth in the first year and the second year is good, which shows that the compound regulation and control fertilizer of the application can better guarantee the survival rate of the seedlings in the low-efficiency forest, improve the competition and utilization of the soil nutrients in the forest to ensure good growth, and has a good promoting effect on improving the afforestation benefit.

[0080] (2) In the control group 1 and the control group 2, the survival rate is reduced due to the lack of raw materials in the compound regulation and control fertilizer, which reduces the effect of the rooting slow-release fertilizer; in the control group 3, the solid fertilizer effect of the solid fertilizer particles is reduced due to the lack of glutathione during the preparation of the solid fertilizer particles, the root of the phoebe seedlings can absorb and utilize relatively less nutrients, and the height growth is obviously reduced; in the control group 4, the preparation of the solid fertilizer particles lacks the raw material DL-isocitric acid lactone, the pore structure of the prepared particles is relatively small, which affects the adsorption and retention capacity of the nutrients, and the height growth is also obviously reduced; in the control group 5, the pH is adjusted to 6.8 during the preparation of the solid fertilizer particles, and in the control group 6, the solid fertilizer particles are prepared by stirring reaction under room temperature conditions and without overnight standing, the changes of pH and treatment time reduce the water absorption and swelling performance of the bentonite, and then the pore structure formed by the shrinkage of the bentonite during drying is insufficient, which reduces the adsorption and retention capacity of the solid fertilizer particles to the nutrients in the soil, and affects the height growth.

[0081] The above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the application but not limit the application, although the application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solutions of the application can be modified or replaced equivalently without departing from the purpose and scope of the application, which should be covered in the scope of the claims of the application. The technical, shape and structure parts not described in detail in the application are well-known technologies.

Claims

1. A method of low-effort forest reformation management, characterized by, The management method is as follows: (1) whole forest: remove vines, weeds, shrubs, pathogenic trees, damaged trees, old and weak trees, curved trees and fallen trees in the forest; (2) density regulation: use light penetration cutting to thin the area with canopy density ≥0.8, and retain canopy density 0.6-0.65 after thinning; After thinning, the target tree species are replanted, and the density of the target tree species is adjusted to 80-100 plants per mu. Compound regulation fertilizer is applied during replanting; (3) mixed forest establishment: plant companion trees and shrub trees after thinning to establish mixed forests. Compound regulation fertilizer in step (2) is applied during planting; (4) later management: After 1 year of companion tree and shrub planting, prune the lateral branches of the original target trees according to the growth of the newly planted target trees, companion trees and shrub trees. Subsequent management is carried out according to conventional methods; The compound regulation fertilizer comprises the following raw materials: Ammonium bicarbonate, zinc sulfate heptahydrate, indole butyric acid, humic acid, sodium alginate, acetanilide, diethylene glycol acid, 2wt% calcium chloride solution, sodium bentonite, glutathione, DL-isocitric acid lactone, polyvinyl alcohol; The preparation method of the compound regulation fertilizer is as follows: A: Dissolve ammonium bicarbonate and zinc sulfate heptahydrate in water, then add indole butyric acid and humic acid, and stir to mix evenly to obtain a rooting fertilizer; B: Dissolve sodium alginate in water to prepare a 1wt% sodium alginate solution. Add acetanilide and diethylene glycol acid to the sodium alginate solution, stir evenly, and then heat to 60-70℃ for 10-20min. After the reaction is completed, keep the temperature constant, add the rooting fertilizer, mix evenly, then add 2wt% calcium chloride solution and stir to gel. Then cool to room temperature, stand for 4-6h, and then dry to obtain rooting fertilizer slow-release granules; C: Add sodium bentonite to water and stir to disperse. Adjust the pH to 7.2-7.5, then add glutathione and DL-isocitric acid lactone, and stir to react at 50-60℃ for 20-40min. After the reaction is completed, cool to room temperature, stand overnight to obtain a bentonite mixture. Add polyvinyl alcohol to the bentonite mixture and mix evenly, then granulate to obtain bentonite mixed granules. Dry the bentonite mixed granules to obtain solid fertilizer granules. Mix the rooting fertilizer slow-release granules and the solid fertilizer granules in a mass ratio of 1:1.5 to obtain the compound regulation fertilizer; The application method of the compound regulation fertilizer is as follows: Plant trees according to the hole planting method, then vertically stand the seedlings in the hole, mix the compound regulation fertilizer and the soil in a mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain a regulation fertilizer-soil mixture, apply 1-3kg of the mixture per hole, compact the root system of the seedling, then pour water, backfill the soil to the level of the hole and compact to complete the planting.

2. A method of low-effort forest conversion management according to claim 1, c h a r a c t e r i s e d in that The companion tree species planted in step (3) are any one or two of black locust, cork oak, maple, Schima superba, Machilus chinensis, Cinnamomum camphora, Catalpa speciosa, Koa, deep mountain smile, Sassafras tzumu, and Sapium sebiferum. The density of the companion trees in the forest after planting is 50-60 plants per mu.

3. A method of low-effort forest conversion management according to claim 2, c h a r a c t e r i s e d in that The shrub tree species planted in step (3) are any one or two of Cotinus coggygria, Pygeum austrosinense, Lastreae, Septem, Lindera, Mallotus, Pterocarya stenoptera, Viburnum. The density of the shrubs in the forest after planting is 60-70 plants per mu.

4. A method of low-effort forest conversion management according to claim 3, c h a r a c t e r i s e d i n that The mass ratio of ammonium bicarbonate, zinc sulfate heptahydrate, indole butyric acid and humic acid in step A is (1-2):(0.3-0.6):(0.01-0.03):(5-9).

5. A method of low-effort woodland improvement according to claim 4, wherein, The mass ratio of sodium alginate solution, acetanilide, diglycolic acid, rooting fertilizer and 2wt% calcium chloride solution in step B is (15-25):(0.05-0.1):(0.1-0.2):(10-20):(0.5-1).

6. A method of low-effort forest conversion management according to claim 5, c h a r a c t e r i z e d b y The mass ratio of sodium bentonite, glutathione, DL-isocitric acid lactone and polyvinyl alcohol in step C is (10-18):(0.5-1.5):(0.25-0.75):(0.25-0.5).

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