Self-avoiding locking release mechanism

Abstract

A self-avoiding locking release mechanism. Comprising: a compression assembly and a limiting assembly can move along the axial direction relative to the upper flange plate respectively; in the locked state, the lower end of the compression assembly passes through the upper flange plate and the lower flange plate in turn, and is locked and fixed with the unlocking actuating element; at this time, the upper flange plate and the lower flange plate are compressed and fixed with a plurality of lock block assemblies; after the unlocking actuating element unlocks and releases the lower end of the compression assembly, the compression assembly and the limiting assembly are released from the compression and fixation of the upper flange plate and the lower flange plate on the plurality of lock block assemblies under the pre-tightening force of the spring in each internal, the lock block assembly rotates inward, so that there is enough avoiding space between the upper flange plate and the lower flange plate, avoiding the collision between the structure platform and the locked equipment. The present application ensures rigid connection when locking, and realizes the separation avoiding function by the locking release mechanism itself under the condition that there is no relative separation movement of the structure on both sides of the separation surface after unlocking.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a self-avoiding locking and releasing mechanism, which can be widely used in special situations for locking and releasing between spacecraft payloads and structural platforms. That is, it ensures a rigid connection when locking and achieves separation and avoidance functions by the product itself when unlocking, under the condition that there is no relative separation movement of the structure. It belongs to the field of spacecraft technology. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the rapid development of spacecraft payload technology, high-precision payload equipment, such as observation cameras and antennas, has been widely used on spacecraft. To ensure the reliable and stable operation of high-precision payload equipment in orbit, the primary prerequisite is to maintain a high level of accuracy in the position and attitude of the payload equipment during its operational period after entering orbit through technical means.

[0003] The current practice is to install vibration damping and isolation devices between the spacecraft payload and the structural platform to significantly reduce the impact of disturbances caused by the structural platform's maneuvers or equipment operation on the payload after orbit insertion. However, due to the low stiffness of these devices, they cannot meet the rigid connection requirements for the payload during ground assembly, transportation, and the active phase of launch. Therefore, an additional rigid locking and release mechanism is needed between the payload and the structural platform.

[0004] Traditional locking and releasing mechanisms, after unlocking, maintain rigid contact between the structures on both sides of the separation surface, requiring passive separation through the relative separation movement of the locked equipment. Since payloads such as cameras and antennas equipped with vibration damping devices do not move relative to the structural platform before and after unlocking, but instead maintain a weakly rigid connection through the vibration damping devices, using a traditional locking and releasing mechanism means that after unlocking the payload, disturbances from the structural platform may still be transmitted to the payload through the rigid contact surface of the locking and releasing mechanism, thus negating the vibration damping effect of the vibration damping devices.

[0005] In addition, another application scenario involves the locking and releasing of a two-dimensional turntable for spacecraft payloads. After unlocking, the turntable exhibits no relative motion in the axial direction but requires in-situ rotation in the circumferential direction. This necessitates that the locking and releasing mechanism, after unlocking, achieve separation and avoidance functions through the product itself, ensuring the turntable's in-situ rotation requirement, even without relative separation motion within the structure.

[0006] Because traditional locking and releasing mechanisms remain in rigid contact on both sides of the separation surface after unlocking, they are not suitable for the two applications mentioned above.

[0007] In summary, it is essential to design a self-avoiding locking and releasing mechanism that ensures a rigid connection during locking and enables separation and avoidance functions by the locking and releasing mechanism itself when there is no relative separation movement between the structures on both sides of the separation surface after unlocking. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The technical problem solved by this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a self-avoiding locking and releasing mechanism. When locking, it ensures a rigid connection. After unlocking, when there is no relative separation movement between the structures on both sides of the separation surface, the locking and releasing mechanism itself realizes the separation and avoidance function, thereby meeting the special requirements for locking and releasing effective loads with vibration damping and isolation devices and two-dimensional turntables with in-situ rotation function.

[0009] The technical solution adopted in this invention:

[0010] A self-avoiding locking and releasing mechanism includes: an unlocking actuating element, a lower flange plate, an upper flange plate, a locking block assembly, a limiting assembly, and a clamping assembly;

[0011] The lower flange plate is connected to the structural platform, and the upper flange plate is connected to the locked equipment.

[0012] The unlocking actuating element is used to lock and fix the clamping assembly;

[0013] The clamping assembly and the limiting assembly are mounted on the upper flange plate, and the clamping assembly and the limiting assembly can move axially relative to the upper flange plate respectively; m limiting assemblies are evenly distributed circumferentially on the outside of the clamping assembly, where m is a positive integer;

[0014] In the locked state, the lower end of the clamping assembly passes through the upper flange plate and the lower flange plate in sequence and is locked and fixed with the unlocking actuating element; at this time, multiple locking block assemblies are clamped and fixed between the upper flange plate and the lower flange plate.

[0015] In the unlocked state, the unlocking actuation element unlocks and releases the lower end of the clamping assembly. Under the preload of their respective internal springs, the clamping assembly and the limiting assembly rise axially, releasing the clamping and fixing of the upper and lower flange plates on the multiple locking block assemblies. Under the preload of their internal springs, the locking block assemblies rotate inward, creating clearance space between the upper and lower flange plates.

[0016] Preferably, the locking block assembly includes: a locking block, a pivot pin, and a torsion spring;

[0017] The locking blocks are hinged to the lower flange plate by a pivot pin and a torsion spring; n locking blocks are evenly distributed around the lower flange plate in the circumferential direction, where n is a positive integer.

[0018] Preferably, the locking block is a solid structure, and a load-bearing plane is provided at the upper and lower positions on the outer side of the locking block, respectively, for rigid contact with the upper flange plate and the lower flange plate;

[0019] Among them, the bearing plane that contacts the upper flange plate is designated as bearing plane A, and the bearing plane that contacts the lower flange plate is designated as bearing plane B.

[0020] Preferably, there is a load-bearing plane on the inner side of the locking block for rigid contact with the limiting sleeve, and the load-bearing plane in contact with the limiting sleeve is called the C load-bearing plane.

[0021] Preferably, the limiting assembly includes: a limiting sleeve and a limiting rod assembly;

[0022] The lower outer side of the limiting sleeve is provided with n inclined load-bearing planes, which are used to rigidly contact the C load-bearing surfaces of n locking blocks respectively;

[0023] The limiting sleeve has m through holes around its circumference as installation interfaces for inserting the limiting rod assembly; the limiting sleeve also has a central through hole for inserting the clamping rod in the clamping assembly.

[0024] Preferably, the limiting rod assembly includes: a limiting rod, a release spring, a limiting rod nut, and an anti-escape cap;

[0025] The escape-proof cap and the limiting sleeve are fastened together with screws;

[0026] The release spring is fitted on the outside of the limit rod, and the release spring is located between the escape cap and the limit rod;

[0027] The escape-proof cap has a cylindrical structure; the top of the limiting rod passes through the through holes of the upper flange plate and the limiting sleeve from bottom to top, and the top of the limiting rod is fixedly connected to the escape-proof cap by the limiting rod nut;

[0028] The bottom end face of the limiting rod is machined with an annular flange as a limiting step, which is used to prevent the limiting rod from coming off the upper flange plate;

[0029] The lower end of the limiting rod is machined with a radially outward annular flange as a limiting step, and the mounting hole diameter of the lower flange plate is smaller than the outer diameter of the limiting step of the limiting rod.

[0030] In the locked state, the release spring is compressed, and the bottom of the release spring abuts against the upper end face of the limit sleeve;

[0031] In the unlocked state, the unlocking actuator releases the clamping rod, releasing the preload of the separation spring, thereby driving the limit rod to move upward until the lower limit step of the limit rod is limited by the lower flange plate structure and the movement stops.

[0032] Preferably, the clamping assembly includes: a clamping rod, a ball washer, a locking nut, a lever spring, a spring cap, and a spring cap nut;

[0033] The locking nut is threadedly connected to the clamping rod. A spherical washer is fitted onto the clamping rod and located below the locking nut. The upper end face of the spherical washer is flat, and the lower end face of the spherical washer is spherical. It is matched with the center hole structure of the limiting sleeve.

[0034] The spring cap nut is fitted onto the clamping rod, and the top of the clamping rod passes through the central through hole of the spring cap and is fixedly connected to the spring cap nut; the top of the spring cap nut is fixedly connected to the spring cap.

[0035] The top of the anti-escape cap is machined with a limiting plate that protrudes toward the axis of the clamping rod of the clamping assembly. The limiting plate is used to limit the axial movement range of the clamping assembly.

[0036] The advantages of this invention compared to the prior art are:

[0037] 1) The technical solution adopted in this invention enables the locking and releasing mechanism to form an omnidirectional clearance space inside the product mechanism through its own action when there is no relative separation movement of the locked equipment structure. This meets the special requirements for locking and releasing effective loads with shock absorption and isolation devices and two-dimensional turntables with in-situ rotation function, thereby expanding the application scenarios of the locking and releasing mechanism.

[0038] 2) The locking and releasing mechanism proposed in this invention, after unlocking, achieves omnidirectional self-avoidance function by completely housing the locking block inside the mechanism itself, without requiring external additional space for the locking block to move and avoid, and is easier to design the structure at the locking point.

[0039] 3) The locking and releasing mechanism proposed in this invention adopts a low-stress contact scheme between planes on all contact surfaces of its moving parts, which has high release reliability and solves the problem of point contact or line contact in irregular moving parts such as locking blocks in traditional locking and releasing mechanisms, which leads to excessive contact stress and the risk of cold welding or adhesive wear.

[0040] 4) Reducing the preload of the locking release mechanism's clamping rod can significantly reduce the external impact during unlocking. The locking release mechanism mentioned in this invention only needs to apply a small preload to the clamping rod to achieve a complete locking function through the mechanical limiting of its related components. Compared with traditional locking release mechanisms that rely entirely on a large preload to achieve the locking function, this product has a significant advantage of low impact.

[0041] 5) The locking and releasing mechanism mentioned in this invention adopts a lightweight design scheme. Under the same load-bearing performance conditions, the weight of the product of this invention is comparable to that of the traditional locking and releasing mechanism.

[0042] 6) The locking and releasing mechanism mentioned in this invention has been assembled and preloaded before delivery. The external installation interface is an upper and lower flange plate, which is connected to the locked equipment and the structural platform respectively by fastening screws. It has the advantages of simple interface and easy installation. Attached Figure Description

[0043] Figure 1This is a general diagram of the product composition of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2(a) is a schematic diagram of the structure on one side of the lower flange plate where the locking block is installed according to the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2(b) is a schematic diagram of the structure on one side of the lower flange plate where the unlocking actuating element is installed;

[0046] Figure 3(a) is a schematic diagram of the structure on the side of the upper flange plate where the locking block is installed in this invention;

[0047] Figure 3(b) is a schematic diagram of one side of the upper flange plate mounting and limiting assembly of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal composition of the locking block assembly of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal components of the limiting component of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal components of the clamping assembly of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 7(a) is a schematic diagram of the locking state of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 7(b) is a schematic diagram of the state of the clamping rod after it is unlocked according to the present invention;

[0053] Figure 7(c) is a schematic diagram of the state after the limiting sleeve pops out and the locking block retracts according to the present invention;

[0054] Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of the limiting sleeve of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0055] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0056] Reference diagram of a self-avoiding locking and releasing mechanism Figure 1 It includes: unlocking actuating element 1, lower flange plate 2, upper flange plate 3, locking block assembly, limit assembly and clamping assembly.

[0057] The lower flange 2 is connected to the structural platform by fastening screws, and the upper flange 3 is connected to the locked equipment (such as spacecraft payload products) by fastening screws.

[0058] The unlocking actuating element 1 is a pyrotechnic or non-pyrotechnic unlocking device, etc., and its function is to complete the unlocking action according to the predetermined instruction and release the connection constraint on the clamping rod 12.

[0059] The clamping assembly and the limiting assembly are installed on the upper flange plate 3. The clamping assembly and the limiting assembly can move axially relative to the upper flange plate 3. m limiting assemblies are evenly distributed circumferentially on the outside of the clamping assembly, where m is a positive integer.

[0060] In the locked state, the lower end of the clamping assembly passes through the upper flange plate 3 and the lower flange plate 2 in sequence and is locked and fixed with the unlocking actuating element 1; at this time, multiple locking block assemblies are clamped and fixed between the upper flange plate 3 and the lower flange plate 2.

[0061] In the unlocked state, the unlocking actuating element 1 releases the lower end of the clamping assembly. Under the preload of their respective internal springs, the clamping assembly and the limiting assembly rise axially, releasing the clamping and fixing of the upper flange plate 3 and the lower flange plate 2 onto the multiple locking block assemblies. The locking block assemblies rotate inward under the preload of their internal springs, providing sufficient clearance between the upper flange plate 3 and the lower flange plate 2 to prevent collisions between the structural platform and the locked equipment. The structure of the lower flange plate 2 is shown in Figure 2(a)(b), and the structure of the upper flange plate 3 is shown in Figure 3(a)(b).

[0062] The locking block assembly includes: a locking block 4, a pivot pin 5, and a torsion spring 6; in this embodiment of the invention, a total of 4 sets of locking block assemblies are configured. Figure 4 As shown, the locking block 4 is hinged to the lower flange plate 2 by the shaft pin 5 and the torsion spring 6; n locking blocks 4 are evenly distributed around the lower flange plate 2, where n is a positive integer.

[0063] The locking block 4 is a solid structure. There is a load-bearing plane on the upper and lower sides of the outer side of the locking block 4, which is used to make rigid contact with the upper flange plate 3 and the lower flange plate 2, respectively. The load-bearing plane that contacts the upper flange plate 3 is called the A load-bearing plane, and the load-bearing plane that contacts the lower flange plate 2 is called the B load-bearing plane.

[0064] There is a load-bearing plane on the inner side of the locking block 4, which is used to make rigid contact with the limiting sleeve 7. The load-bearing plane where the locking block 4 contacts the limiting sleeve 7 is called the C load-bearing plane.

[0065] The working process of the lock block component is as follows:

[0066] As shown in Figure 7(a), when the unlocking actuating element 1 and the clamping rod 12 are in the locked state, the locking block 4 is in rigid contact with the bearing planes of the upper flange plate 3, the lower flange plate 2 and the limiting sleeve 73 respectively, and transmits the clamping load.

[0067] As shown in Figure 7(c), after the unlocking actuating element 1 releases the clamping rod 12, the limiting sleeve 7 is raised, releasing the rigid constraint on the inner side of the locking block 4. Under the action of the built-in torsion spring 6, the locking block 4 flips inward along the shaft pin 5 to realize the clearance space between the upper flange plate 3 and the lower flange plate 2.

[0068] The limiting assembly includes: a limiting sleeve 7 and a 4-piece limiting rod assembly;

[0069] The lower outer side of the limiting sleeve 7 is provided with 4 inclined bearing planes, which are used to rigidly contact the C bearing surfaces of the 4 locking blocks 4 respectively;

[0070] The limiting sleeve 7 has four through holes around its circumference as installation interfaces for inserting the limiting rod assembly; the central through hole of the limiting sleeve 7 is used for inserting the clamping rod 12 in the clamping assembly. The structure of the limiting sleeve 7 is as follows: Figure 8 As shown.

[0071] like Figure 5 As shown, the limit rod assembly includes: a limit rod 8, a separation spring 9, a limit rod nut 10, and an anti-escape cap 11;

[0072] The escape-proof cap 11 has a cylindrical structure; the top of the limiting rod 8 is fixedly connected to the escape-proof cap 11 through the limiting rod nut 10; the escape-proof cap 11 and the limiting sleeve 7 are fastened with screws.

[0073] The release spring 9 is fitted on the outside of the limiting rod 8, and the release spring 9 is located between the anti-escape cap 11 and the limiting rod 8; the top of the limiting rod 8 passes through the through holes of the upper flange plate 3 and the limiting sleeve 7 from bottom to top; the bottom end face of the limiting rod 8 is machined with an annular flange as a limiting step, which is used to prevent the limiting rod 8 from coming off the upper flange plate 3.

[0074] In the locked state, the release spring 9 is compressed, and the bottom of the release spring 9 abuts against the upper end face of the limit sleeve 7;

[0075] After the unlocking actuator 1 releases the clamping rod 12, the preload of the release spring 9 is released, thereby driving the limit rod 8 to move upward until the lower end of the limit rod 8 is limited by the structure of the lower flange plate 2, and the movement stops. The lower end of the limit rod 8 is machined with a radially outward annular flange as a limit step. The diameter of the mounting hole in the lower flange plate 2 is smaller than the outer diameter of the limit step of the limit rod 8.

[0076] The working process of the limit component is as follows:

[0077] When the mechanism is in the locked state, the limiting sleeve 7, under the locking action of the pressing assembly, presses the locking block 4 outward through the four inclined bearing planes on its lower outer side to generate a restraining force. The limiting sleeve 7 works in conjunction with the upper flange plate 3 and the lower flange plate 2 to keep the locking block 4 in a state of force balance.

[0078] After the clamping assembly releases the locking constraint on the limiting sleeve 7, the four limiting rods 8 installed at the flange of the limiting sleeve 7, under the action of the separation spring 9, push the anti-escape cap 11 to cause the limiting sleeve 7 to bounce upward until the limiting step on the limiting rod 8 is limited by the structure of the lower flange plate 2 and the movement stops.

[0079] like Figure 6As shown, the clamping assembly includes: clamping rod 12, ball washer 13, locking nut 14, lever spring 15, spring cover 16, and spring cover nut 17;

[0080] The locking nut 14 is threadedly connected to the clamping rod 12. The spherical washer 13 is fitted on the clamping rod 12 and located below the locking nut 14. The upper end surface of the spherical washer 13 is flat, and the lower end surface of the spherical washer 13 is spherical. It is matched with the center hole structure of the limiting sleeve 7.

[0081] The spring cap nut 17 is fitted onto the clamping rod 12. The top of the clamping rod 12 passes through the central through hole of the spring cap 16 and is fixedly connected to the spring cap nut 17. The top of the spring cap nut 17 is fixedly connected to the spring cap 16.

[0082] The limiting components are evenly distributed around the outer ring of the pressing component. The top of the anti-escape cap 11 is machined with a limiting plate that protrudes toward the axis of the pressing rod 12 of the pressing component. The limiting plate is used to limit the axial movement range of the pressing component.

[0083] The mating relationship of the clamping components is as follows:

[0084] When the mechanism is in the locked state, after the locking nut 14 is installed on the clamping rod 12, it passes through the ball pad 13, the upper flange plate 3, and the lower flange plate 2 in sequence and is fastened to the unlocking actuating element 1 to achieve the locking effect on the upper flange plate 3 and the lower flange plate 2.

[0085] After the unlocking actuator 1 is unlocked, the clamping rod 12 is pulled upward under the action of the pull rod spring 15 until the spring cover 16 is stopped by the limiting plate protruding from the top of the anti-escape cap 11, as shown in Figure 7(b).

[0086] A self-avoiding locking and releasing mechanism, the assembly method of which is as follows:

[0087] The unlocking actuating element 1 is installed on the lower flange plate 2. A torsion spring 6 is pre-installed inside the locking block 4. After the locking block 4 is installed in the predetermined position on the lower flange plate 2, the mounting pin 5 mechanically constrains the locking block 4 and the torsion spring 6. At this time, the torsion spring 6 causes the locking block 4 to be in the inward unlocking state.

[0088] The four sets of locking block components are installed in the same way.

[0089] After the lower end face of the limiting sleeve 7 is properly fitted to the upper flange plate 3, the separation spring 9 and the anti-escape cap 11 are installed sequentially on the upper end face of the limiting sleeve 7. The limiting rod 8 is inserted from the lower end of the upper flange plate 3. After the threaded head of the limiting rod 8 passes through the anti-escape cap 11, it is tightened by the limiting rod nut 10.

[0090] After the limiting component is assembled, it forms a combination with the upper flange plate 3. The tooling makes the four locking blocks 4 turn outward, and the locking blocks 4 make good contact with the four load-bearing planes of the lower flange plate 2. At this time, the limiting component-upper flange plate 3 combination is connected and installed with the four outwardly turned locking blocks 4 to ensure that the load-bearing planes of the limiting sleeve 74 and the load-bearing planes of the upper flange plate 34 make good contact with the four locking blocks 4 respectively.

[0091] Next, install the clamping assembly, screwing the locking nut 14 onto the clamping rod 12 until it is in place. Then, install the ball washer 13, the first assembly (composed of the clamping rod 12 and locking nut 14), the pull rod spring 15, the spring cover 16, and the spring cover nut 17 in sequence. The product assembly is now complete.

[0092] A self-avoiding locking and releasing mechanism, the working principle of which is as follows:

[0093] After the product is assembled and a preload is applied to the clamping rod 12, the lower flange plate 2, the upper flange plate 3, and the limiting sleeve 7 rigidly constrain the three load-bearing planes on the locking block 4, keeping it in a state of constant force balance to resist the effects of external forces, thereby achieving reliable clamping of the locked equipment.

[0094] Upon receiving the unlocking command, the unlocking actuating element 1 releases the mechanical constraint on the clamping rod 12. The second assembly (composed of the clamping rod 12, locking nut 14, spring cover 16, and spring cover nut 17) quickly disengages from the unlocking actuating element 1 under the elastic force of the lever spring 15, until the movement terminates when the bottom flange of the spring cover 16 is limited by the top step of the anti-escape cap 11. At this point, the clamping rod 12 has been completely retracted into the limiting sleeve 7 above the locking block 4.

[0095] Since the rigid constraint of the clamping rod 12 on the limiting sleeve 7 has disappeared, the limiting sleeve 7 moves rapidly upward under the elastic force of the four separating springs 9 until the bottom flanges of the four limiting rods 8 are limited by the upper flange plate 3 structure, and the movement stops. At this time, the mechanical constraint of the limiting sleeve 7 on the four locking blocks 4 has been released, and the locking blocks 4 quickly flip inward under the action of the torsion spring 6 until they fit against the lower flange plate 2.

[0096] At this point, there is no longer any rigid mechanical contact between the lower flange plate 2 and the upper flange plate 3, thus creating an omnidirectional self-avoidance space.

[0097] Each locking block 4 of this invention has three load-bearing planes. Two of these planes, used for fitting the lower flange plate 2 and the upper flange plate 3, are on the same side of the locking block 4 and form a certain angle (90° in the example). The load-bearing plane for fitting the limiting sleeve 7 is on the other side of the locking block 4. In the locked state, the lower flange plate 2 and the upper flange plate 3 are rigidly supported and positioned by the locking block 4. The limiting sleeve 7 torsionally limits the locking block 4, preventing it from flipping inward under the action of the torsion spring 6. The pressing assembly and the unlocking actuating element 1 together constrain the initial position of the limiting sleeve 7.

[0098] This invention utilizes multiple circumferentially distributed limit rod assemblies (four sets in the illustration) to work together to quickly push out the limit sleeve 7 after the clamping rod 12 is unlocked, until the limit rod 8 is limited by the upper flange plate 3 structure. The rigid constraint of the locking block 4 is released, creating conditions for torsional inward rotation. The anti-escape cap 11 also provides a limiting step after the clamping assembly is unlocked, enabling the reuse of part functions.

[0099] This invention achieves rigid support and positioning of the lower flange plate 2 and upper flange plate 3 through multiple sets of circumferentially distributed locking block assemblies (4 sets in the example). The three contact surfaces of the locking block 4 with the lower flange plate 2, upper flange plate 3, and limiting sleeve 7 all adopt a low-stress plane-to-plane contact scheme, effectively avoiding the risks of cold welding or adhesive wear. Furthermore, the locking block assemblies transmit force through planar contact, and the multiple sets of circumferentially distributed locking block assemblies form a multi-directional plane. A torsion spring 6 is disposed inside the locking block 4, and the locking block 4 and torsion spring 6 are constrained to the lower flange plate 2 by a pin 5. The diameter of the pin hole in the locking block 4 is larger than the diameter of the pin 5, i.e., there is a gap between the hole and the pin (0.5mm on one side in the example). This ensures that the locking block 4 still has a certain amount of room to move even with the pin 5 installed, guaranteeing that during locking, the preload and external load are transmitted only through the load-bearing plane between the locking block 4 and the lower flange plate 2, upper flange plate 3, and limiting sleeve 7, preventing abnormal stress on the pin 5 from affecting the reliability of unlocking.

[0100] While the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can make possible variations and modifications to the technical solutions of the present invention using the disclosed methods and techniques without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention, without departing from the content of the technical solutions of the present invention, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Where there is no conflict, the embodiments of this application and the technical features thereof can be combined with each other.

[0101] The contents not described in detail in this specification are common knowledge to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A self-avoiding locking and releasing mechanism, characterized in that, include: Unlocking actuating element (1), lower flange plate (2), upper flange plate (3), locking block assembly, limit assembly and clamping assembly; The lower flange plate (2) is connected to the structural platform, and the upper flange plate (3) is connected to the locked equipment; The unlocking actuating element (1) is used to lock the clamping assembly; The clamping assembly and the limiting assembly are installed on the upper flange plate (3). The clamping assembly and the limiting assembly can move axially relative to the upper flange plate (3) respectively. m limiting assemblies are evenly distributed circumferentially on the outside of the clamping assembly, where m is a positive integer. In the locked state, the lower end of the clamping assembly passes through the upper flange plate (3) and the lower flange plate (2) in sequence and is locked and fixed with the unlocking actuating element (1); at this time, multiple locking block assemblies are clamped and fixed between the upper flange plate (3) and the lower flange plate (2); In the unlocked state, the unlocking actuating element (1) unlocks and releases the lower end of the clamping assembly. Under the preload of their respective internal springs, the clamping assembly and the limiting assembly rise axially, releasing the clamping and fixing of the upper flange plate (3) and the lower flange plate (2) on the multiple locking block assemblies. Under the preload of their internal springs, the locking block assemblies rotate inward, creating clearance space between the upper flange plate (3) and the lower flange plate (2). The limiting assembly includes: a limiting sleeve (7) and a limiting rod assembly; The lower outer side of the limiting sleeve (7) is provided with n inclined bearing planes, which are used to rigidly contact the C bearing surface of n locking blocks (4) respectively; The limiting sleeve (7) has m through holes in its circumference as installation interfaces for inserting the limiting rod assembly; the limiting sleeve (7) has a central through hole for inserting the clamping rod (12) in the clamping assembly; The limit rod assembly includes: a limit rod (8), a separation spring (9), a limit rod nut (10), and an anti-escape cap (11); The escape-proof cap (11) and the limiting sleeve (7) are fastened together by screws; The separation spring (9) is fitted on the outside of the limiting rod (8), and the separation spring (9) is located between the escape cap (11) and the limiting rod (8); The escape-proof cap (11) has a cylindrical structure; the top of the limiting rod (8) passes through the through hole of the upper flange plate (3) and the limiting sleeve (7) from bottom to top, and the top of the limiting rod (8) is fixedly connected to the escape-proof cap (11) by the limiting rod nut (10). The bottom end face of the limiting rod (8) is machined with an annular flange as a limiting step. The limiting step is used to prevent the limiting rod (8) from coming off the upper flange plate (3). The lower end of the limiting rod (8) is machined with an annular flange that extends radially outward as a limiting step. The mounting hole diameter of the lower flange plate (2) is smaller than the outer diameter of the limiting step of the limiting rod (8). When locked, the release spring (9) is compressed, and the bottom of the release spring (9) abuts against the upper end face of the limiting sleeve (7); When unlocked, the unlocking actuator (1) releases the clamping rod (12), the preload of the separation spring (9) is released, thereby driving the limit rod (8) to move upward until the limit step at the lower end of the limit rod (8) is limited by the structure of the lower flange plate (2) and the movement stops. The clamping assembly includes: a clamping rod (12), a ball washer (13), a locking nut (14), a lever spring (15), a spring cap (16), and a spring cap nut (17). The locking nut (14) is threaded to the clamping rod (12). The ball-shaped washer (13) is fitted on the clamping rod (12) and located below the locking nut (14). The upper end surface of the ball-shaped washer (13) is flat, and the lower end surface of the ball-shaped washer (13) is spherical. It is matched with the center hole structure of the limiting sleeve (7). The spring cap nut (17) is fitted onto the clamping rod (12), and the top of the clamping rod (12) passes through the central through hole of the spring cap (16) and is fixedly connected to the spring cap nut (17); the top of the spring cap nut (17) is fixedly connected to the spring cap (16). The top of the anti-escape cap (11) is machined with a limiting plate that protrudes toward the axis of the clamping rod (12) of the clamping assembly. The limiting plate is used to limit the axial movement range of the clamping assembly.

2. The self-avoiding locking and releasing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The locking block assembly includes: a locking block (4), a pivot pin (5), and a torsion spring (6); The locking block (4) is hinged to the lower flange plate (2) by a shaft pin (5) and a torsion spring (6); n locking blocks (4) are evenly distributed around the lower flange plate (2), where n is a positive integer.

3. The self-avoiding locking and releasing mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that, The locking block (4) is a solid structure. There is a load-bearing plane on the upper and lower sides of the locking block (4), which is used to make rigid contact with the upper flange plate (3) and the lower flange plate (2), respectively. Among them, the load-bearing plane in contact with the upper flange plate (3) of the locking block (4) is called the load-bearing plane A, and the load-bearing plane in contact with the lower flange plate (2) of the locking block (4) is called the load-bearing plane B.

4. The self-avoiding locking and releasing mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that, There is a load-bearing plane on the inner side of the locking block (4) for rigid contact with the limiting sleeve (7). The load-bearing plane in contact between the locking block (4) and the limiting sleeve (7) is called the C load-bearing plane.

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