A cylinder pressure adaptive split end face seal structure for a rotary engine

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of sealing devices of combustion engines, and specifically relates to a cylinder pressure adaptive split end face sealing structure of a rotary engine, comprising: a sealing groove, a countersunk hole is opened in the sealing groove, and a support body is slidably connected in the countersunk hole; an air hole is also opened in the sealing groove, and the air hole is used to connect the cylinder and the countersunk hole of the rotary engine; a sealing plate, the sealing plate is annular, the shape and size of the sealing groove match the sealing plate, the sealing plate is slidably connected in the sealing groove, and the support body is located between the sealing plate and the sealing groove; the sealing plate is divided into at least two sections along the circumferential direction, and the sealing groove where each section of the sealing plate is located includes at least one support body. The present invention solves the problem that the end face sealing performance of the rotary engine is not stable enough and is easy to wear. After improving the end face sealing performance, the fuel in the combustion chamber is fully burned, energy consumption is reduced, and the generation of exhaust gas caused by incomplete combustion is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of sealing devices of combustion engines, and in particular relates to a cylinder pressure adaptive split end face sealing structure of a rotary engine. Background Art

[0002] In the early stage of rotary engine end face seal, the traditional end face seal adopts simple design and materials such as rubber and metal. With the continuous advancement of technology, the application of new materials and manufacturing processes has significantly improved the performance of end face seal, including reducing friction loss, extending service life, improving sealing efficiency, reducing energy consumption and environmental protection. Modern rotary engine end face seal has achieved reliable operation under extreme conditions such as high temperature, high pressure and high speed, making important contributions to improving engine performance, saving resources and protecting the environment.

[0003] In modern rotary engines, especially cycloidal rotary engines, the rotor of the rotary engine is provided with a sealing groove, in which a slidable sealing sheet is embedded, and the elastic force of the spring is used to apply pressure to the sealing sheet, so that the sealing sheet is kept against the end cover (engine housing) of the engine cavity to achieve sealing. Therefore, when the engine is running, the end face of the rotor is in close contact with the end face sealing sheet, forming a sealing interface. In this contact area, the sealing sheet must be able to effectively prevent the leakage of lubricating oil and gas, and prevent external impurities from entering the engine, which can greatly improve the utilization rate of fuel.

[0004] However, the structure and operating principle of the rotary engine determine some prominent problems of the end face seal in the prior art: on the one hand, its sealing performance is not stable enough, and gas or liquid leakage is easy to occur under long-term working conditions, thereby affecting the overall efficiency and performance of the engine and wasting fuel resources. On the other hand, the seal will suffer serious friction and wear after a long period of operation, or the spring under the sealing groove will lose its elasticity. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention is intended to provide a cylinder pressure adaptive split end face sealing structure of a rotary engine, so as to solve the problem that the end face sealing performance of the rotary engine is not stable enough and is easy to wear.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a split end face sealing structure of a rotary engine with cylinder pressure self-adaptation, comprising:

[0007] A sealing groove, a countersunk hole is formed in the sealing groove, and a support body is slidably connected in the countersunk hole; an air hole is also formed in the sealing groove, and the air hole is used to connect the cylinder of the rotary engine and the countersunk hole;

[0008] The sealing sheet is annular in shape, the shape and size of the sealing groove match the sealing sheet, the sealing sheet is slidably connected in the sealing groove, and the support body is located between the sealing sheet and the sealing groove; the sealing sheet is divided into at least two sections along the circumferential direction, and the sealing groove where each section of the sealing sheet is located includes at least one support body.

[0009] The working principle and beneficial effects of this solution are as follows: when the rotor of a rotary engine, especially a cycloidal rotor engine, is compressing and doing work in the cylinder, the rotor will enter a part of the compressed air into the pores. The air entering the pores will give an active force to the support body of the sealing plate. This active force will push up the end face sealing plate, and the upper surface of the sealing plate will actively fit with the end cover of the rotor, thus playing an active sealing role and improving the performance of the end face seal and the stability of the seal. The support body can float up and down the air pressure change in the combustion chamber through the conduction of the pores, thereby supporting the sealing plate. The greater the air pressure in the combustion chamber, the better the sealing performance.

[0010] The gas in the cylinder that is not performing compression work will not be compressed, the gas will not enter the pores, and the sealing plate support body will not be lifted up: first, it reduces the overall friction between the sealing plate and the contact surface of the end cover, reduces wear, and extends the service life, and is convenient for the later replacement of the sealing plate. It is easy to disassemble and replace parts as a whole or partially, so that the maintenance cost and maintenance time can be reduced during maintenance; second, for the one-piece, rigid sealing plate in the prior art, the split, segmented sealing plate avoids the "lever effect" - when one end is lifted up, it will inevitably cause the other end to sink or have a tendency to sink, that is, it avoids the situation where the sealing plate on the side without compression work is lifted up, while the sealing plate on the side without compression work will sink or have a tendency to sink, thereby weakening the sealing performance of that side.

[0011] After improving the sealing performance of the end face of the rotary engine, the fuel in the combustion chamber is fully burned, reducing energy consumption and reducing the generation of exhaust gas caused by incomplete combustion.

[0012] Optionally, the sealing sheet is divided into an upper sealing sheet and a lower sealing sheet along the radial direction of the ring. Further making the sealing sheet into a split type can reduce the overall friction and wear, facilitate later replacement, and also facilitate the separate control of the quality, processing accuracy, rigidity, wear resistance and other performance indicators of each part of the sealing sheet.

[0013] Optionally, a fastener is provided at the joint of two adjacent upper sealing sheets on the lower sealing sheet, the fastener is provided with a protrusion protruding relative to the lower sealing sheet, and a slot matching the protrusion is provided on the side of the upper sealing sheet facing the lower sealing sheet. The use of the fastener and the slot ensures that the upper sealing sheet and the lower sealing sheet are both a whole and separate, and facilitates the resetting of the upper sealing sheet.

[0014] Optionally, a protrusion is provided at the end of the fastener, and the inwardly facing side surfaces of the protrusion are inclined surfaces inclined inwardly, so as to further facilitate the resetting of the upper sealing sheet.

[0015] Optionally, the mass of the upper sealing sheet is greater than that of the lower sealing sheet. The rotor will generate a certain axial force imbalance when it is running, and the use of axial force imbalance can also play a sealing role: when the rotor rotates, the rotor will move toward one side of the end cover, and by changing the overall mass distribution of the end face sealing sheet, when the mass of the upper sealing sheet is greater than that of the lower sealing sheet, an inertial condition is created for the sealing sheet to move toward the end cover side, so that the gap between the rotor and the end cover is compressed, and then the end face and the sealing sheet are more closely fitted, thereby reducing the possibility of liquid or gas leakage from the gap.

[0016] Optionally, the contact surface between the upper sealing sheet and the lower sealing sheet is an inclined surface inclined inwardly. The active pressure of air compression is transmitted to the lower sealing sheet by the support body, and the lower sealing sheet is subjected to a force that lifts the lower sealing sheet. When the upper sealing sheet is subjected to the force of the lower sealing sheet, there is a force along the normal line of the inclined surface and a force that slides along the inclined surface, so that the upper sealing sheet will fit more closely with the end cover, forming a better sealing effect.

[0017] Optionally, a wear-resistant layer is provided on one side of the upper sealing sheet away from the lower sealing sheet to further improve the wear resistance.

[0018] Optionally, the support body is T-shaped, with the transverse section of the support body facing the sealing sheet, and the longitudinal section of the support body facing the air hole. The longitudinal section can use the existing hole for installing the spring as the basis for the support body to slide, and the transverse section can increase the contact area between the support body and the sealing sheet, so as to better transmit the active pressure of the compressed air to the sealing sheet.

[0019] Optionally, a weight-reducing groove is provided on the portion of the lower sealing sheet between two adjacent support bodies. First, the overall mass of the sealing sheet is reduced, and the force required to lift the sealing sheet is reduced, thereby reducing the aperture of the pores and further reducing the risk of gas leakage in the cylinder; second, the center of mass of the entire sealing sheet is brought closer to the upper sealing sheet side, so that the end face and the sealing sheet fit better.

[0020] Optionally, a sliding seal is provided between the countersunk hole and the support body. The sliding seal can be provided by improving the processing accuracy, and controlling the clearance between the countersunk hole and the support body within a size range that can achieve both air sealing and sliding. A sealing ring or a sealing ring can also be used to achieve both air sealing and sliding. Normally, the processing accuracy of the sealing groove and the sealing sheet is relatively high, and both air sealing and sliding can be achieved. After the sliding seal is achieved between the countersunk hole and the support body, not only can the sealing be further guaranteed, and the risk of gas leakage in the cylinder can be further reduced, but also the processing accuracy requirements of the sealing groove and the sealing sheet can be reduced, and the processing cost can be reduced. It is also easier to install and maintain. Even in the case where the sealing performance between the sealing groove and the sealing sheet fails, the sliding seal between the countersunk hole and the support body can ensure that gas leakage in the cylinder is avoided.

[0021] Optionally, a plurality of protrusions are arranged on the side of the support body facing the lower sealing sheet. The surface of the support body in contact with the lower sealing sheet is covered with many small protrusions, especially semicircular small protrusions, so as to reduce the friction generated when the support body floats up and down and contacts with the lower sealing sheet when doing work to compress the gas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a cylinder pressure adaptive rotary engine split end face sealing structure installed on a rotor in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a cylinder pressure adaptive rotary engine split end face sealing structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a sealing sheet in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the support body in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a simple schematic diagram of the force of the inclined surface on the inner side of the lower sealing sheet in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods:

[0028] The marks in the drawings of the specification include: rotor 1, air hole 2, sealing plate 3, upper sealing plate 301, lower sealing plate 302, fastener 303, protrusion 304, wedging portion 305, inclined surface 306, weight reduction groove 307, support body 4, transverse section 401, longitudinal section 402, and protrusion 403.

[0029] Example

[0030] This embodiment is basically Figure 1 and Figure 2 Shown: A cylinder pressure adaptive rotary engine split end face sealing structure, comprising:

[0031] A sealing groove is provided with a countersunk hole in the sealing groove. The countersunk hole can utilize an existing hole on the rotor 1, such as a spring hole for installing a spring. A support body 4 is slidably connected in the countersunk hole, and a sliding seal is formed between the countersunk hole and the support body 4. In this embodiment, a high-precision processing method is adopted to control the matching gap between the countersunk hole and the support body 4 within a size range that can achieve both air sealing and sliding. In other embodiments, a sealing ring or a sealing ring can be used to achieve both air sealing and sliding. An air hole 2 is also provided in the sealing groove. The air hole 2 is used to connect the cylinder and the countersunk hole of the rotor 1 engine. In this embodiment, the rotor 1 engine is a cycloidal rotor 1 engine. The air hole 2 is provided on the side of the cycloidal rotor 1. The air hole 2 is a circular hole, and each air hole 2 is correspondingly connected to a countersunk hole.

[0032] The sealing sheet 3 is annular and matches the outer edge of the cycloid rotor 1. The sealing sheet 3 is slidably connected in the sealing groove. The sealing sheet 3 is divided into an upper sealing sheet 301 and a lower sealing sheet 302 along the radial direction of the ring. Figure 3 As shown, in the up-down direction, the sealing sheet 3 is composed of an upper sealing sheet 301 and a lower sealing sheet 302 stacked together. The upper sealing sheet 301 and the lower sealing sheet 302 are divided into two sections along the circumferential direction, and each section of the upper sealing sheet 301 and the lower sealing sheet 302 is in a C shape. The lower sealing sheet 302 is provided with a fastener 303 at the joint. The fastener 303 can be an independent structure relative to the sealing sheet 3, such as a structure similar to a staple, or a structure integrally provided on the sealing sheet 3. In this embodiment, the fastener 303 is integrally provided at the end of the lower sealing sheet 302, and its structure is shown in the attached figure. Figure 3 As shown. A protrusion 304 is provided at the end of the fastener 303, and the inner side of the protrusion 304 is an inclined surface 306 inclined inwardly. Correspondingly, a wedging portion 305 matching the west side of the protrusion 304 is also provided on the upper sealing sheet 301, so that when the sealing sheet 3 is reset after being lifted up, the wedging portion 305 cooperates with the inclined surface 306 to smoothly reset the upper sealing sheet 301. Moreover, when the rotor is working, the active pressure F of air compression is transmitted from the support body 4 to the lower sealing sheet 302, and the lower sealing sheet 302 is subjected to an upward force. When the upper sealing sheet 301 is subjected to the force of the lower sealing sheet 302, there is a force f1 along the normal line of the inclined surface and a force f2 sliding along the inclined surface. As a result, the upper sealing sheet 301 will fit more closely with the end cover to form a good sealing effect.

[0033] In this embodiment, the mass of the upper sealing sheet 301 is greater than the mass of the lower sealing sheet 302. The upper sealing sheet 301 and the lower sealing sheet 302 are made of the same material and have the same density, but the volume of the upper sealing sheet 301 is greater than the mass of the lower sealing sheet 302. In other embodiments, materials with different densities or a pore structure can be opened on the lower sealing sheet 302 to make the mass of the upper sealing sheet 301 greater than the mass of the lower sealing sheet 302. In this embodiment, a weight-reducing groove 307 is opened on the portion between two adjacent support bodies 4 on the lower sealing sheet 302. The weight-reducing groove 307 is an arc groove, which can not only reduce weight but also form a support structure similar to a bridge arch. In another embodiment, the materials of the upper sealing sheet 301 and the lower sealing sheet 302 have different densities. The side of the upper sealing sheet 301 that contacts the rotor end face is cast from a material with good wear resistance and high density, while the lower layer is cast from a general wear-resistant material.

[0034] When the rotor 1 is running, a certain axial force imbalance will be generated, and the axial force imbalance can also play a sealing role: when the rotor 1 rotates, the rotor 1 will move toward one side of the end cover, changing the overall mass distribution of the end face sealing sheet 3. When the mass of the upper sealing sheet 301 is greater than the mass of the lower sealing sheet 302, the inertial condition of the sealing sheet 3 moving toward the end cover is created, so that the gap between the rotor 1 and the end cover is compressed, and then the end face and the sealing sheet 3 are more closely fitted, thereby reducing the possibility of liquid or gas leaking from the gap. Since the part in contact with the end cover is the upper sealing sheet 301, a wear-resistant layer is provided on the side of the upper sealing sheet 301 away from the lower sealing sheet 302, that is, the side facing the end cover. The wear-resistant layer can be a crystal structure layer formed after the outer surface of the upper sealing sheet 301 is heat-treated, or it can be a sprayed high-temperature resistant and wear-resistant material, or it can be a wear-resistant alloy layer plated on the surface of the upper sealing sheet 301.

[0035] In this embodiment, the contact surface between the upper sealing sheet 301 and the lower sealing sheet 302 is an inclined surface 306 inclined inward, that is, an open / bell mouth is formed on the side of the upper sealing sheet 301. The active pressure of the compressed air is transmitted to the lower sealing sheet 302 by the support body 4, and the lower sealing sheet 302 is subjected to a force that lifts the lower sealing sheet 302. When the upper sealing sheet 301 is subjected to the force of the lower sealing sheet 302, there is a force along the normal line of the inclined surface 306 and a force that slides along the inclined surface 306, so that the upper sealing sheet 301 will fit more closely with the end cover, forming a better sealing effect.

[0036] The support body 4 is located between the sealing sheet 3 and the sealing groove. Each lower sealing sheet 302 covers six countersunk holes, that is, six support bodies 4 are installed in the sealing groove where each lower sealing sheet 302 is located. The support body 4 is T-shaped. Figure 4As shown, the transverse section 401 of the support body 4 faces the sealing sheet 3, and the longitudinal section 402 of the support body 4 faces the air hole 2 and is slidably connected in the countersunk hole (such as Figure 1 4). In addition, the countersunk hole and the support body 4 are slidably sealed. In this embodiment, the clearance between the countersunk hole and the support body 4 is controlled within a size range that can achieve both airtightness and sliding by improving the processing accuracy. In another embodiment, the upper surface of the support body 4 that contacts the lower sealing sheet 302 is covered with small, semicircular protrusions 403, which reduce the contact surface with the lower sealing sheet 302 during the sliding process of the support body 4, thereby reducing friction.

[0037] In this embodiment, when the rotor 1 of the rotor 1 engine is performing compression work in the cylinder, the rotor 1 will allow part of the compressed air to enter the pore 2. The air entering the pore 2 gives an active force to the support body 4 of the sealing plate 3. This active force pushes up the end face sealing plate 3, and the upper surface of the sealing plate 3 is actively fitted with the end cover of the rotor 1, thereby playing an active sealing role. Due to the split design of the sealing plate 3, the gas in the cylinder that is not performing compression work will not be compressed, and the gas will not enter the pore 2, and the corresponding segmented sealing plate 3 support body 4 will not be lifted by the support column. It not only reduces the overall friction between the contact surface of the sealing plate 3 and the end cover, reduces wear, and prolongs the service life, but also facilitates the replacement of the sealing plate 3 in the later stage, and is easy to disassemble and replace the parts as a whole or partially, so that the maintenance cost and maintenance time can be reduced during maintenance, and the stability of the seal is also guaranteed. This embodiment makes full use of the unbalanced axial force generated by the rotor 1 during operation, utilizes inertia, optimizes the structure and guides the direction of the force lifting the upper sealing sheet 301, so that the upper sealing sheet 301 fits better with the end cover, forming a better sealing effect.

[0038] The above are only embodiments of the present invention. The invention is not limited to the fields involved in this implementation case. The common sense such as the known specific structures and characteristics in the scheme is not described in detail here. The ordinary technicians in the relevant field know all the common technical knowledge in the technical field to which the invention belongs before the application date or the priority date, can obtain all the existing technologies in the field, and have the ability to apply the conventional experimental means before that date. The ordinary technicians in the relevant field can improve and implement this scheme in combination with their own abilities under the enlightenment given by this application. Some typical known structures or known methods should not become obstacles for ordinary technicians in the relevant field to implement this application. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several deformations and improvements can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, which will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The protection scope required by this application shall be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the specification can be used to explain the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A cylinder pressure adaptive rotary engine split end face sealing structure, characterized in that: include: A sealing groove, a countersunk hole is formed in the sealing groove, and a support body is slidably connected in the countersunk hole; an air hole is also formed in the sealing groove, and the air hole is used to connect the cylinder of the rotary engine and the countersunk hole; The sealing sheet is annular in shape, the shape and size of the sealing groove match the sealing sheet, the sealing sheet is slidably connected in the sealing groove, and the support body is located between the sealing sheet and the sealing groove; the sealing sheet is divided into at least two sections along the circumferential direction, and the sealing groove where each section of the sealing sheet is located includes at least one support body.

2. The cylinder pressure adaptive rotary engine split end face sealing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing sheet is divided into an upper sealing sheet and a lower sealing sheet along the radial direction of the ring.

3. The cylinder pressure adaptive rotary engine split end face sealing structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: A fastener is provided on the lower sealing sheet near the joint of two adjacent upper sealing sheets. The fastener is provided with a protrusion protruding relative to the lower sealing sheet. A groove matching the protrusion is provided on one side of the upper sealing sheet facing the lower sealing sheet.

4. The cylinder pressure adaptive rotary engine split end face sealing structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: A protrusion is provided at the end of the fastener, and the inward side surfaces of the protrusion are all inclined surfaces inclined inwardly.

5. The cylinder pressure adaptive rotary engine split end face sealing structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mass of the upper sealing sheet is greater than the mass of the lower sealing sheet.

6. The cylinder pressure adaptive rotary engine split end face seal structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The contact surface between the upper sealing sheet and the lower sealing sheet is an inclined surface inclined inwardly.

7. The cylinder pressure adaptive rotary engine split end face seal structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: A wear-resistant layer is arranged on one side of the upper sealing sheet away from the lower sealing sheet.

8. The cylinder pressure adaptive rotary engine split end face sealing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support body is T-shaped, with the transverse section of the support body facing the sealing sheet and the longitudinal section of the support body facing the air hole; a plurality of protrusions are arranged on one surface of the support body facing the lower sealing sheet.

9. The cylinder pressure adaptive rotary engine split end face sealing structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: A weight-reducing groove is provided on the portion of the lower sealing sheet located between two adjacent support bodies.

10. The cylinder pressure adaptive rotary engine split end face sealing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sliding seal is provided between the counterbore and the support body.

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