Multistage purification device for purifying waste gas of sulfur-free expandable graphite

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of waste gas purification, and discloses a multi-stage purification device for purifying waste gas of sulfur-free expandable graphite, including: a cooling and dust removal tank, a first spray purification tank, a second spray purification tank, and a waste gas detection box arranged in sequence. The cooling and dust removal tank is used for cooling and removing dust from the waste gas of sulfur-free expandable graphite purification; the first spray purification tank and the second spray purification tank are used for spraying washing liquid on the waste gas to remove harmful substances in the waste gas; the waste gas detection box is used for detecting the concentration of harmful substances in the waste gas, and two air outlet ends of the waste gas detection box are respectively connected to the exhaust pipe and the intake pipeline of the spray purification tank. The present invention effectively realizes multi-stage purification of waste gas and improves the purification effect; the waste gas detection box is used to detect the concentration of harmful substances in the purified waste gas, and when the waste gas does not meet the emission standard, it is refluxed into the spray purification tank for spraying and purification again, reducing the impact of waste gas emissions on the environment and human body, and achieving the purpose of green production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of waste gas purification, and more specifically, to a multi-stage purification device for purifying waste gas of sulfur-free expandable graphite. Background Art

[0002] Expandable graphite is a graphite product obtained by using large flake graphite as raw material and through special chemical treatment or electrochemical treatment. It can instantaneously expand when encountering high temperature, and the expansion multiple can reach 150 - 400 times. It changes from sheet-like to worm-like, thus having a loose structure, being porous and curved, with a large specific surface area, high specific surface energy, strong adsorption force, and the worm-like graphites can be self-embedded with each other. This increases its softness, resilience and processability, and it is a material for producing flexible graphite sheets and various seals. It can also be used as a lubricant additive, a heat preservation additive in the metallurgical industry, an additive in fire protection, a battery adsorption material, and a flame retardant for low-temperature expandable graphite. During the production process of expandable graphite, it is necessary to purify the graphite to obtain low-sulfur or sulfur-free expandable graphite products, and waste gas will inevitably be generated during the purification process.

[0003] In the prior art, for example, the utility model patent with the application number CN202323225611.X discloses a waste gas purification device for graphite purification, including a first cooling mechanism, a second cooling mechanism, a washing barrel and a water storage tank. In this utility model, the waste gas from graphite purification is cooled twice by the first cooling mechanism and the second cooling mechanism to avoid too large a temperature difference in single cooling, which places a large burden on the equipment. The cooled waste gas is dust-removed by a dust collector for the graphite powder contained in the waste gas. The dust-removed waste gas is introduced into an air diffuser pipe through a gas pipe. The waste gas enters the washing liquid in the washing barrel through the air diffuser pipe for washing. The washed tail gas enters a spray tank. The pump body transports the washing liquid in the washing barrel into a spray pipe, and the spray pipe sprays out the washing liquid to contact the washed tail gas again for washing. The tail gas after spraying is introduced into the water in the water storage tank through a gas pipe to realize the secondary washing of the tail gas. The washed tail gas is discharged from the discharge port. After multiple washings, the purification rate is greatly improved.

[0004] Although the above device conducts multiple washings and purifications on the waste gas from graphite purification, the waste gas is not detected before emission, and it cannot be guaranteed that it meets the emission standards.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to propose a multi-stage purification device for purifying waste gas of sulfur-free expandable graphite to at least partially solve the problems existing in the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] A series of simplified concepts are introduced in the Summary of the Invention section, which will be further elaborated in the Detailed Description of the Invention section. The Summary of the Invention section of the present invention is not intended to attempt to define the key features and essential technical features of the claimed technical solution, let alone attempt to determine the protection scope of the claimed technical solution.

[0007] To at least partially solve the above problems, the present invention provides a multi-stage purification device for purifying waste gas of sulfur-free expandable graphite, including:

[0008] A cooling and dust removal tank, a first spray purification tank, a second spray purification tank, and an exhaust gas detection box arranged in sequence. The cooling and dust removal tank is used for cooling and dust removal of the waste gas of sulfur-free expandable graphite; the first spray purification tank and the second spray purification tank are used for spraying washing liquid on the waste gas to remove harmful substances in the waste gas; the exhaust gas detection box is used for detecting the concentration of harmful substances in the waste gas. Two air outlets of the exhaust gas detection box are respectively connected to the exhaust pipe and the intake pipeline of the spray purification tank.

[0009] Preferably, the multi-stage purification device for purifying waste gas of sulfur-free expandable graphite further includes an exhaust gas purification pipeline and an exhaust gas circulation pipeline. The exhaust gas purification pipeline connects the air outlet of the cooling and dust removal tank and the air inlet of the first spray purification tank, the air outlet of the first spray purification tank and the air inlet of the second spray purification tank, the air outlet of the second spray purification tank and the air inlet of the exhaust gas detection box, and the first air outlet of the exhaust gas detection box and the exhaust pipe; the exhaust gas circulation pipeline connects the second air outlet of the exhaust gas detection box and the air inlet of the first spray purification tank, and the second air outlet of the exhaust gas detection box and the air inlet of the second spray purification tank.

[0010] Preferably, a first electric control valve is arranged on the exhaust gas detection box, and a second electric control valve is arranged on the exhaust gas circulation pipeline. The first electric control valve, the second electric control valve, and the exhaust gas detection box are all electrically connected to the controller.

[0011] Preferably, the controller controls the on-off states of the first electric control valve and the second electric control valve according to the detection result of the exhaust gas detection box. Specifically:

[0012] When the concentration of harmful substances in the exhaust gas detection box is less than the first preset concentration value, the first air outlet of the first electric control valve is opened to discharge the exhaust gas through the exhaust pipe;

[0013] When the concentration of harmful substances in the exhaust gas detection box is greater than the first preset concentration value, the second air outlet of the first electric control valve is opened to make the exhaust gas flow into the exhaust gas circulation pipeline;

[0014] Among them, when the concentration of harmful substances in the exhaust gas detection box is greater than the second preset concentration value, the first air outlet of the second electric control valve is opened to make the exhaust gas flow into the air inlet of the first spray purification tank;

[0015] When the concentration of harmful substances in the waste gas detection box is greater than the first preset concentration value and less than the second preset concentration value, the second air outlet of the second electric control valve is opened to allow the waste gas to flow into the inlet of the second spray purification tank.

[0016] Preferably, the cooling and dust removal tank includes:

[0017] An outer shell and an inner shell, which are concentrically arranged. An exhaust gas flow channel is formed between the outer shell and the inner shell. The top end of the inner shell extends out of the outer shell. The top end of the inner shell is provided with an exhaust gas inlet, the bottom end of the outer shell is provided with an exhaust gas outlet, and the side wall of the inner shell is provided with a through hole communicating with the outer shell;

[0018] A lower cooling jacket and an upper cooling jacket. The lower cooling jacket is sleeved on the outside of the outer shell, and the upper cooling jacket is sleeved on the outside of the inner shell. Cooling liquid pipes are arranged in a surrounding manner in both the lower cooling jacket and the upper cooling jacket, and the cooling liquid pipes are connected to a cooling liquid supply device;

[0019] A filter cover, which is arranged in the exhaust gas flow channel, and the inner and outer edges of the filter cover are respectively connected to the inner shell and the outer shell. Filter holes are evenly arranged on the filter cover.

[0020] Preferably, a flow guiding column is arranged in the upper part of the inner shell. The flow guiding column is concentrically arranged in the inner shell. The flow guiding column includes a cylindrical section in the upper part and a conical section in the lower part. A conical surface is arranged at the top edge of the cylindrical section, and the bottom end of the conical surface of the conical section corresponds to the lower edge of the through hole.

[0021] Preferably, an exhaust gas slow flow plate is arranged in the outer shell. The inner and outer edges of the exhaust gas slow flow plate are respectively connected to the inner shell and the outer shell. The exhaust gas slow flow plate is arranged in a spiral shape, and the bottom air outlet of the exhaust gas slow flow plate faces the exhaust gas outlet.

[0022] Preferably, a plurality of inner baffle plates and outer baffle plates are arranged on the upper surface of the exhaust gas slow flow plate. The inner baffle plates are connected to the inner side of the exhaust gas slow flow plate and are connected to the inner shell; the outer baffle plates are connected to the outer side of the exhaust gas slow flow plate and are connected to the outer shell, and the inner baffle plates and the outer baffle plates are arranged in an alternating manner.

[0023] Preferably, the cooling and dust removal tank further includes an ash discharging unit, and the ash discharging unit includes:

[0024] A sealing ring, which is slidably connected to the outer wall of the inner shell. The top end of the sealing ring is connected to the inner edge of the filter cover. The filter cover is arranged in a conical shape and the inner edge is lower than the outer edge, and the inner edge of the filter cover is lower than the lower edge of the through hole;

[0025] An ash discharging hole, which is arranged through the inner shell. The ash discharging hole is lower than the filter cover and is blocked by the inner side of the sealing ring;

[0026] A weight ring, which is slidably connected to the inner wall of the inner shell. The weight ring is connected to the sealing ring through a first pulling rope, and the first pulling rope passes through the ash discharging hole.

[0027] Preferably, the ash discharging unit further includes:

[0028] A plug, which is slidably connected to the inner wall of the inner shell and is located below the counterweight ring;

[0029] A tension spring, which is connected to the bottom end of the guide column, and the tension spring is connected to the plug through a second pull rope.

[0030] Preferably, the plug is sequentially provided with an upper conical section, a disc section and a lower conical section from top to bottom. The diameter of the bottom end of the upper conical section is larger than that of the top end, and the upper conical section is connected to the second pull rope; the disc section is slidably connected to the inner wall of the inner shell; the diameter of the bottom end of the lower conical section is smaller than that of the top end, and the volume of the lower conical section is larger than that of the upper conical section.

[0031] Preferably, a swirl unit is connected to the top end of the guide column. The swirl unit includes:

[0032] A motor, which is installed at the top end of the inner wall of the guide column;

[0033] A rotating shaft, which is rotatably connected to the top end of the guide column and is connected to the output shaft of the motor;

[0034] A swirl block, which is connected to the top end of the rotating shaft, and the swirl block is arranged in a conical shape. The center of the top end of the swirl block is uniformly connected with swirl plates.

[0035] Preferably, the swirl block further includes:

[0036] Dispersing columns, and a plurality of dispersing columns are uniformly connected to the conical surface of the swirl block;

[0037] A support ring, which is concentrically connected to the outside of the swirl block through a connecting rod;

[0038] A first bent rod, the top end of which is connected to the bottom end of the swirl block, and the first bent rod bends outward;

[0039] An annular seat, which is connected to the bottom end of the first bent rod, and the annular seat has magnetism;

[0040] A flexible film, the top end of which is connected to the edge of the swirl block, and the flexible film is located outside the first bent rod;

[0041] A magnetic block, which is connected to the bottom end of the flexible film, and the magnetic block attracts the annular seat;

[0042] A second bent rod, the top end of which is connected to the bottom end of the swirl block and is arranged outside the first bent rod, and the bottom end of the second bent rod abuts against the flexible film;

[0043] A connecting rope, one end of which is connected to the magnetic block, and the other end passes through the support ring and is connected to the sphere.

[0044] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0045] The multi-stage purification device for purifying waste gas of sulfur-free expandable graphite provided by the present invention passes the waste gas generated during the purification of sulfur-free expandable graphite into the device, and successively passes through the cooling and dust-removing tank, the first spray purification tank, and the second spray purification tank, respectively performing cooling and dust-removing and two spray treatments, effectively realizing the multi-stage purification of the waste gas and improving the purification effect; an exhaust gas detection box is used to detect the concentration of harmful substances in the purified waste gas. When the waste gas does not meet the emission standard, it is refluxed into the spray purification tank for re-spray purification, improving the treatment effect of the waste gas from the purification of sulfur-free expandable graphite, reducing the impact of waste gas emissions on the environment and the human body, and achieving the purpose of green production.

[0046] For the multi-stage purification device for purifying waste gas of sulfur-free expandable graphite of the present invention, other advantages, objectives, and features of the present invention will be partially reflected by the following description, and partially will also be understood by those skilled in the art through the research and practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] The drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention, and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention. In the drawings:

[0048] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the cooling and dust-removing tank in the present invention;

[0050] Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the cooling and dust-removing tank in the present invention;

[0051] Figure 4 is a schematic transverse cross-sectional structure diagram of the cooling and dust-removing tank at the waste gas slow-flow plate in the present invention;

[0052] Figure 5 is the present invention Figure 3 a partial enlarged structural diagram of part A in;

[0053] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the plug in the present invention;

[0054] Figure 7 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the swirl block in the present invention;

[0055] Figure 8 is a partial structural diagram of the edge of the swirl block in the present invention.

[0056] In the figure: 1. Cooling and dust removal tank; 2. First spray purification tank; 3. Second spray purification tank; 4. Exhaust gas detection box; 5. Exhaust gas purification pipeline; 6. Exhaust gas circulation pipeline; 7. First electric control valve; 8. Second electric control valve; 11. Outer housing; 12. Inner housing; 13. Exhaust gas inlet; 14. Exhaust gas outlet; 15. Lower cooling jacket; 16. Upper cooling jacket; 17. Filter cover; 18. Flow guiding column; 19. Exhaust gas slow flow plate; 21. Inner baffle; 22. Outer baffle; 23. Sealing ring; 24. Ash discharge hole; 25. Counterweight ring; 26. First pull rope; 27. Plug; 28. Tension spring; 30. Swirl plate; 31. Motor; 32. Rotating shaft; 33. Swirl block; 34. Dispersion column; 35. Support ring; 36. Connecting rod; 37. First bent rod; 38. Annular seat; 39. Flexible membrane; 41. Magnetic block; 42. Second bent rod; 43. Connecting rope; 44. Sphere. Detailed implementation manners

[0057] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can implement it according to the description in the specification.

[0058] It should be understood that terms such as "having", "including", and "comprising" used herein do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or their combinations.

[0059] Embodiment 1

[0060] As Figure 1 shown, the present invention provides a multi-stage purification device for purifying exhaust gas of sulfur-free expandable graphite, including:

[0061] A cooling and dust removal tank 1, a first spray purification tank 2, a second spray purification tank 3, and an exhaust gas detection box 4 arranged in sequence. The cooling and dust removal tank 1 is used for cooling and dust removal of the exhaust gas of sulfur-free expandable graphite purification; the first spray purification tank 2 and the second spray purification tank 3 are used for spraying washing liquid on the exhaust gas to remove harmful substances in the exhaust gas; the exhaust gas detection box 4 is used for detecting the concentration of harmful substances in the exhaust gas, and the two air outlet ends of the exhaust gas detection box 4 are respectively connected to the exhaust pipe and the intake pipeline of the spray purification tank.

[0062] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are:

[0063] Multistage purification device for purifying waste gas of sulfur-free expandable graphite. When in use, the waste gas generated during the purification of sulfur-free expandable graphite is introduced into the device and successively passes through the cooling and dust-removing tank 1, the first spray purification tank 2, and the second spray purification tank 3, respectively performing cooling and dust removal and two spray treatments, effectively realizing the multistage purification of the waste gas and improving the purification effect; the waste gas detection box 4 is used to detect the concentration of harmful substances in the purified waste gas. When the waste gas does not meet the emission standard, it is refluxed to the spray purification tank for re-spray purification, improving the treatment effect of the waste gas from the purification of sulfur-free expandable graphite, reducing the impact of waste gas emissions on the environment and the human body, and achieving the purpose of green production.

[0064] Example 2

[0065] As Figure 1 shown, on the basis of the above-mentioned Example 1, the multistage purification device for purifying waste gas of sulfur-free expandable graphite further includes a waste gas purification pipeline 5 and a waste gas circulation pipeline 6. The waste gas purification pipeline 5 connects the air outlet of the cooling and dust-removing tank 1 and the air inlet of the first spray purification tank 2, the air outlet of the first spray purification tank 2 and the air inlet of the second spray purification tank 3, the air outlet of the second spray purification tank 3 and the air inlet of the waste gas detection box 4, and the first air outlet of the waste gas detection box 4 and the exhaust pipe; the waste gas circulation pipeline 6 connects the second air outlet of the waste gas detection box 4 and the air inlet of the first spray purification tank 2, and the second air outlet of the waste gas detection box 4 and the air inlet of the second spray purification tank 3.

[0066] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows:

[0067] A pump body is provided on the waste gas purification pipeline 5, and the waste gas purification pipeline 5 provides a channel for the forward flow process of the waste gas among the cooling and dust-removing tank 1, the first spray purification tank 2, the second spray purification tank 3, and the waste gas detection box 4; a pump body is provided on the waste gas circulation pipeline 6, and the waste gas circulation pipeline 6 provides a channel for the reverse flow process of the waste gas from the waste gas detection box 4 back to the first spray purification tank 2 and the second spray purification tank 3.

[0068] Example 3

[0069] As Figure 1 shown, on the basis of the above-mentioned Example 2, a first electric control valve 7 is provided on the waste gas detection box 4, and a second electric control valve 8 is provided on the waste gas circulation pipeline 6. The first electric control valve 7, the second electric control valve 8, and the waste gas detection box 4 are all electrically connected to the controller.

[0070] The controller controls the on-off states of the first electric control valve 7 and the second electric control valve 8 according to the detection results of the waste gas detection box 4. Specifically:

[0071] When the concentration of harmful substances in the waste gas detection box 4 is less than the first preset concentration value, the first air outlet of the first electric control valve 7 is opened to allow the waste gas to be discharged through the exhaust pipe;

[0072] When the concentration of harmful substances in the waste gas detection box 4 is greater than the first preset concentration value, the second air outlet of the first electric control valve 7 is opened to allow the waste gas to flow into the waste gas circulation pipeline 6;

[0073] Among them, when the concentration of harmful substances in the waste gas detection box 4 is greater than the second preset concentration value, the first air outlet of the second electric control valve 7 is opened to allow the waste gas to flow into the air inlet of the first spray purification tank 2;

[0074] When the concentration of harmful substances in the waste gas detection box 4 is greater than the first preset concentration value and less than the second preset concentration value, the second air outlet of the second electric control valve 7 is opened to allow the waste gas to flow into the air inlet of the second spray purification tank 3.

[0075] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows:

[0076] A gas concentration detector is provided in the waste gas detection box 4, and the controller controls the waste gas emission and circulation purification process according to the detection result of the concentration of harmful substances in the waste gas detection box 4.

[0077] When the concentration of harmful substances in the waste gas detection box 4 is less than the first preset concentration value, it indicates that the concentration of harmful substances in the waste gas has been purified to within the range permitted by the emission standard. Just open the first air outlet of the first electric control valve 7 to directly discharge the waste gas into the external environment;

[0078] When the concentration of harmful substances in the waste gas detection box 4 is greater than the first preset concentration value, it indicates that the concentration of harmful substances in the waste gas has not reached the emission standard. Open the second air outlet of the first electric control valve 7 to make the waste gas flow back for cyclic purification; and determine whether to perform two-stage spray purification or one-stage spray purification after circulation according to the specific concentration value.

[0079] Specifically, when the concentration of harmful substances in the waste gas detection box 4 is greater than the second preset concentration value, the first air outlet of the second electric control valve 7 is opened to allow the waste gas to flow into the air inlet of the first spray purification tank 2; this enables the waste gas to enter the second spray purification tank 3 after passing through the first spray purification tank 2, including a total of two-stage spray purification, and the cyclic purification effect is better;

[0080] When the concentration of harmful substances in the waste gas detection box 4 is greater than the first preset concentration value and less than the second preset concentration value, the second air outlet of the second electric control valve 7 is opened to allow the waste gas to flow into the air inlet of the second spray purification tank 3; this enables the waste gas to directly enter the second spray purification tank 3, including a total of one-stage spray purification, reducing the load on the first spray purification tank 2 and improving the purification efficiency.

[0081] Embodiment 4

[0082] Such as Figure 2 、 3As shown, on the basis of the above-mentioned Embodiment 1, the cooling and dust-removing tank 1 includes:

[0083] An outer housing 11 and an inner housing 12, the outer housing 11 and the inner housing 12 are concentrically arranged, an exhaust gas flow channel is formed between the outer housing 11 and the inner housing 12, the top end of the inner housing 12 extends out of the outer housing 11, an exhaust gas inlet 13 is provided at the top end of the inner housing 12, an exhaust gas outlet 14 is provided at the bottom end of the outer housing 11, and a through hole communicating with the outer housing 11 is provided on the side wall of the inner housing 12;

[0084] A lower cooling jacket 15 and an upper cooling jacket 16, the lower cooling jacket 15 is sleeved on the outside of the outer housing 11, the upper cooling jacket 16 is sleeved on the outside of the inner housing 12, and coolant pipes are arranged in a surrounding manner in both the lower cooling jacket 15 and the upper cooling jacket 16, and the coolant pipes are connected to a coolant supply device;

[0085] A filter cover 17, the filter cover 17 is arranged in the exhaust gas flow channel, and the inner and outer edges of the filter cover 17 are respectively connected to the inner housing 12 and the outer housing 11, and filter holes are uniformly arranged on the filter cover 17.

[0086] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are:

[0087] When the cooling and dust-removing tank 1 is in use, exhaust gas is introduced from the exhaust gas inlet 13 at the top end of the inner housing 12, the exhaust gas flows in the inner housing 12, then enters the air flow channel between the outer housing 11 and the inner housing 12 through the through hole, the graphite particles mixed in the exhaust gas are filtered out by the filter cover 17, and then the exhaust gas flows out through the outlet 14 at the bottom end of the outer housing 11. During the flow of the exhaust gas in the inner housing 12, the exhaust gas contacts the inner housing 12 and transfers heat to the upper cooling jacket 16; during the flow of the exhaust gas in the outer housing 11, the exhaust gas contacts the outer housing 11 and transfers heat to the lower cooling jacket 15; the coolant flows in the lower cooling jacket 15 and the upper cooling jacket 16 to conduct the heat out, thereby achieving the purpose of cooling.

[0088] Through the above structural design, a cooling component and a dust-removing component are arranged in the cooling and dust-removing tank 1, which improves the integration degree of the cooling and dust-removing pipe 1, effectively releases the occupied area of the purification device, and reduces the purification cost; the cooling component in the cooling and dust-removing pipe 1 is set in a two-stage cooling manner, and cooling is carried out in the parts of the inner housing 12 and the outer housing 11 respectively, reducing the load of single-stage cooling, improving the cooling effect of the exhaust gas, and facilitating subsequent spray purification.

[0089] Embodiment 5:

[0090] As Figure 2 、 3As shown, on the basis of the above-mentioned Embodiment 4, a flow guiding column 18 is provided at the upper part of the inner housing 12. The flow guiding column 18 is concentrically arranged inside the inner housing 12. The flow guiding column 18 includes a cylindrical section at the upper part and a conical section at the lower part. A conical surface is provided at the edge of the top end of the cylindrical section, and the bottom end of the conical surface of the conical section corresponds to the lower edge of the through hole.

[0091] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows:

[0092] The inner housing 12 is provided with the flow guiding column 18. After the waste gas enters the inner housing 12, under the guiding action of the conical surface at the edge of the top end of the flow guiding column 12, it flows into the air flow channel between the inner housing 12 and the flow guiding column 18, causing the waste gas to concentrate at the side wall of the inner housing 12 and improving the heat exchange effect between the waste gas and the cooling jacket 16 on the outer side of the inner housing 12; the conical section at the lower part of the flow guiding column 18 can guide the waste gas flow to the inside of the outer housing 11.

[0093] Embodiment 6

[0094] As Figure 2-4 shown, on the basis of the above-mentioned Embodiment 4, a waste gas slow flow plate 19 is provided inside the outer housing 11. The inner and outer edges of the waste gas slow flow plate 19 are respectively connected to the inner housing 12 and the outer housing 11. The waste gas slow flow plate 19 is arranged in a spiral shape, and the bottom air outlet end of the waste gas slow flow plate 19 faces the waste gas outlet 14.

[0095] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows:

[0096] A waste gas slow flow plate 19 is provided between the outer housing 11 and the inner housing 12. The waste gas slow flow plate 19 and the outer housing 11 and the inner housing 12 form a spiral air flow channel; when the waste gas flows inside the outer housing 11, it flows along the spiral surface of the waste gas slow flow plate 19, extending the flow path of the waste gas, enabling the waste gas to fully contact the outer wall of the outer housing 11 and better exchange heat with the lower cooling jacket 15, improving the cooling effect on the waste gas.

[0097] Embodiment 7

[0098] As Figure 4 shown, on the basis of the above-mentioned Embodiment 6, a plurality of inner baffle plates 21 and outer baffle plates 22 are provided on the upper surface of the waste gas slow flow plate 19. The inner baffle plates 21 are connected to the inner side of the waste gas slow flow plate 19 and are connected to the inner housing 12; the outer baffle plates 22 are connected to the outer side of the waste gas slow flow plate 19 and are connected to the outer housing 11. The inner baffle plates 21 and the outer baffle plates 22 are arranged alternately.

[0099] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows:

[0100] When the waste gas flows along the spiral surface of the waste gas slow flow plate 19, under the blocking effect of the inner baffle 21 and the outer baffle 22, it flows along the gap between the inner baffle 21 and the outer baffle 22, frequently changing the air flow direction, further delaying the flow speed of the waste gas, enabling the waste gas to fully contact the outer wall of the outer housing 11, and better performing heat exchange with the descending temperature jacket 15, thereby improving the cooling effect on the waste gas.

[0101] Example 8

[0102] As Figure 2 、 3 、as shown in 5, on the basis of the above Example 4, the cooling and dust removal tank 1 further includes an ash discharging unit, and the ash discharging unit includes:

[0103] A sealing ring 23, the sealing ring 23 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the inner housing 12, the top end of the sealing ring 23 is connected to the inner edge of the filter cover 17, the filter cover 17 is arranged in a conical shape and the inner edge is lower than the outer edge, and the inner edge of the filter cover 17 is lower than the lower edge of the through hole;

[0104] An ash discharging hole 24, the ash discharging hole 24 is arranged through the inner housing 12, the ash discharging hole 24 is lower than the filter cover 17 and is blocked by the inner side of the sealing ring 23;

[0105] A weight ring 25, the weight ring 25 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the inner housing 12, the weight ring 25 is connected to the sealing ring 23 through a first pull rope 26, and the first pull rope 26 passes through the ash discharging hole 25;

[0106] A plug 27, the plug 27 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the inner housing 12 and is located below the weight ring 25;

[0107] A tension spring 28, the tension spring 28 is connected to the bottom end of the guide column 18, and the tension spring 27 is connected to the plug 27 through a second pull rope 28.

[0108] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are:

[0109] The dust and graphite particles mixed in the waste gas are filtered by the filter hood 17. The filtered dust and graphite particles slide along the conical surface of the filter hood 17 to its inner edge and accumulate at the connection between the filter hood 17 and the inner housing 12. When the accumulated dust and graphite particles exceed the preset weight and the sum of the weight of the accumulation, the weight of the filter hood 17, the weight of the plugging ring 23, and the waste gas flow above the filter hood 17 is greater than the weight of the counterweight ring 25, the plugging ring 23 slides downward along the outer wall of the inner housing 12, pulls the counterweight ring 25 upward through the first pull rope 26, exposes the ash discharge hole 24, and the accumulated dust and graphite particles fall into the inner housing 12 through the ash discharge hole 24 and land above the plug 27. A sensor is arranged on the outer wall of the inner housing 12. When the upper edge of the plugging ring 23 moves close to the upper edge of the ash discharge hole 24 and contacts the sensor, the controller receives the detection signal of the sensor and closes the intake valve of the cooling and dust removal pipe 1 to stop the intake of gas.

[0110] When the accumulated dust and graphite particles fall into the inner housing 12 through the ash discharge hole 24, the sum of the weight of the accumulation, the weight of the filter hood 17, the weight of the plugging ring 23, and the waste gas flow above the filter hood 17 is less than the weight of the counterweight ring 25. Under the action of the gravity of the counterweight ring 25, the plugging ring 23 is pulled upward to re-plug the ash discharge hole 24. The controller opens the intake valve of the cooling and dust removal pipe 1 to continue the intake of gas.

[0111] Through the above structural design, when the filtered dust and graphite particles exceed the preset weight, they can be automatically discharged from the filter hood 17, ensuring that the accumulation on the filter hood 17 is within a controllable range, effectively reducing the risk of blockage of the filter hood 17, and improving the dust removal effect on the waste gas. The process of discharging the accumulation is automatic and does not require manual shutdown for cleaning, reducing the dust removal workload and operation risk.

[0112] Embodiment 9:

[0113] As Figure 6 shown, on the basis of the above Embodiment 8, the plug 27 is successively provided with an upper conical section, a disc section, and a lower conical section from top to bottom. The bottom diameter of the upper conical section is larger than the top diameter, and the upper conical section is connected to the second pull rope 28. The disc section is slidably connected to the inner wall of the inner housing 12. The bottom diameter of the lower conical section is smaller than the top diameter, and the volume of the lower conical section is larger than the volume of the upper conical section.

[0114] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are:

[0115] When the accumulation of materials above the plug 27 gradually increases, the pressure on the plug 27 increases, and the plug 27 pulls the tension spring to elongate through the second pull rope 28; when the accumulated materials reach the preset weight, the disc section of the plug 27 separates from the inner housing 12, and the accumulated materials slide down along the inclined surface of the upper conical section and are discharged through the ash discharge port at the bottom end of the outer housing 11; the setting of the upper conical section can make the ash discharge more complete; the weight of the lower conical section is greater than that of the upper conical section, which can lower the center of the plug 27, ensure the stability of the center of gravity of the plug 27, and reduce the jamming during the movement of the plug 27.

[0116] Embodiment 10:

[0117] As Figure 2 、 3 shown, on the basis of the above-mentioned Embodiment 4, a swirl unit is connected to the top end of the flow guide column 18, and the swirl unit includes:

[0118] A motor 31, which is installed at the top end of the inner wall of the flow guide column 18;

[0119] A rotating shaft 32, which is rotatably connected to the top end of the flow guide column 18 and is connected to the output shaft of the motor 31;

[0120] A swirl block 33, which is connected to the top end of the rotating shaft 32, and the swirl block 33 is set to be conical, and swirl plates 30 are evenly connected to the center of the top end of the swirl block 33.

[0121] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows:

[0122] When the swirl unit is in use, the motor 31 is started to drive the rotating shaft 32 to rotate, the rotating shaft 32 drives the swirl block 33 to rotate, and when the swirl block 33 rotates, it disturbs the waste gas flow, causing the waste gas to generate swirl and fully contacting the inner wall of the inner housing 12, improving the cooling effect; the swirl plates 30 on the swirl block 33 can improve the disturbance effect on the waste gas flow.

[0123] Embodiment 11:

[0124] As Figure 7 、 8 shown, on the basis of the above-mentioned Embodiment 10, the swirl block 33 further includes:

[0125] Dispersion columns 34, and a plurality of dispersion columns 34 are evenly connected to the conical surface of the swirl block 33;

[0126] A support ring 35, and the support ring 35 is concentrically connected to the outside of the swirl block 33 through a connecting rod 36;

[0127] A first bent rod 37, the top end of the first bent rod 37 is connected to the bottom end of the swirl block 33, and the first bent rod 37 bends outward;

[0128] The annular seat 38 is connected to the bottom end of the first bent rod 37, and the annular seat 38 has magnetism;

[0129] The flexible membrane 39 has its top end connected to the edge of the swirl block 33, and the flexible membrane 39 is located outside the first bent rod 37;

[0130] The magnetic block 41 is connected to the bottom end of the flexible membrane 39, and the magnetic block 41 attracts the annular seat 38;

[0131] The second bent rod 42 has its top end connected to the bottom end of the swirl block 33 and is arranged outside the first bent rod 37. The bottom end of the second bent rod 42 abuts against the flexible membrane 39;

[0132] The connecting rope 43 has one end connected to the magnetic block 41 and the other end passing through the support ring 35 to be connected to the sphere 44.

[0133] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows:

[0134] When the waste gas flow enters the inner housing 12, the airflow impacts the swirl block 33 and collides with the dispersion columns 34 on the swirl block 33. Some of the heavier dust and graphite particles in the airflow are separated from the airflow by the force and fall on the surface of the swirl block 33. When the swirl block 33 rotates, they move towards the edge under the action of centrifugal force. The sphere 44 at the edge of the swirl block 33 moves outward under the action of centrifugal force and pulls the magnetic block 41 through the connecting rope 43. The magnetic block 41 moves outward under the action of the traction force and centrifugal force, overcoming the magnetic force of the annular seat 38. The magnetic block 41 pulls the bottom end of the flexible membrane 39 to move and unfolds between the support ring 35 and the swirl block 33. The heavier dust and graphite particles slide onto the flexible membrane 39; when the air intake stops, the swirl block 33 stops moving at the same time, the magnetic block 41 and the sphere 44 lose the centrifugal force, the magnetic block 41 resets under the action of gravity and the magnetic force of the annular seat 38, recontacts the annular seat 38, and pulls the sphere 44 to reset through the connecting rope 43; the magnetic block 41 pulls the bottom end of the flexible membrane 39 to move, and after the second bent rod 42 abuts against the flexible membrane 39, it bends reversely to shake off the heavier dust and graphite particles.

[0135] Through the above structural design, the heavier dust and graphite particles can be pre-separated from the waste gas flow and stored on the flexible membrane 39; they are shaken off intensively when the air intake stops and discharged into the inner housing 12 along the filter cover 17; effectively avoiding the situation that the separated dust and particulate matter directly fall from a higher position of the swirl block 33 and re-mix into the airflow during the longer falling path, and at the same time reducing the residence time of the large-sized dust and graphite particles on the filter cover 17, further reducing the risk of blockage of the filter cover 17.

[0136] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0137] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected to", "fixed", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communicable with each other; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly limited. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0138] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, it is not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. It can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those familiar with the field, additional modifications can be easily made. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the equivalent scope, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and the examples shown and described here.

Claims

1. A multi-stage purification device for sulfur-free expandable graphite waste gas purification, characterized in that: include: A cooling and dust removal tank (1), a first spray purification tank (2), a second spray purification tank (3) and an exhaust gas detection box (4) are arranged in sequence, wherein the cooling and dust removal tank (1) is used to cool and remove dust from sulfur-free expandable graphite purified exhaust gas; the first spray purification tank (2) and the second spray purification tank (3) are used to spray a washing liquid on the exhaust gas to remove harmful substances in the exhaust gas; the exhaust gas detection box (4) is used to detect the concentration of harmful substances in the exhaust gas, and two exhaust ends of the exhaust gas detection box (4) are respectively connected to the exhaust pipe and the exhaust pipe of the spray purification tank; The cooling and dust removal tank (1) comprises: An outer shell (11) and an inner shell (12), wherein the outer shell (11) and the inner shell (12) are arranged concentrically, and an exhaust gas flow channel is formed between the outer shell (11) and the inner shell (12); A filter cover (17), the filter cover (17) being arranged in the exhaust gas flow channel; A guide column (18) is provided on the upper part of the inner shell (12), and a swirl unit is connected to the top end of the guide column (18). The swirl unit comprises: A swirl block (33), the swirl block (33) is connected to the top end of the rotating shaft (32), and the swirl block (33) is configured to be conical; The swirl block (33) further comprises: Dispersion columns (34), wherein a plurality of dispersion columns (34) are evenly connected to the conical surface of the swirl block (33); A support ring (35), the support ring (35) is concentrically connected to the outer side of the swirl block (33) through a connecting rod (36); A first curved rod (37), the top end of the first curved rod (37) being connected to the bottom end of the swirl block (33), and the first curved rod (37) being bent outwards; An annular seat (38), the annular seat (38) is connected to the bottom end of the first curved rod (37), and the annular seat (38) is magnetic; A flexible membrane (39), wherein the top end of the flexible membrane (39) is connected to the edge of the swirl block (33), and the flexible membrane (39) is located outside the first curved rod (37); A magnetic block (41), the magnetic block (41) is connected to the bottom end of the flexible film (39), and the magnetic block (41) and the annular seat (38) attract each other; A second curved rod (42), the top end of the second curved rod (42) being connected to the bottom end of the swirl block (33) and arranged outside the first curved rod (37), the bottom end of the second curved rod (42) being in contact with the flexible membrane (39); A connecting rope (43), one end of the connecting rope (43) is connected to the magnetic block (41), and the other end of the connecting rope (43) passes through the supporting ring (35) and is connected to the sphere (44).

2. The multi-stage purification device for sulfur-free expandable graphite waste gas purification according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an exhaust gas purification pipeline (5) and an exhaust gas circulation pipeline (6); the exhaust gas purification pipeline (5) is connected to the air outlet of the cooling and dust removal tank (1) and the air inlet of the first spray purification tank (2), the air outlet of the first spray purification tank (2) and the air inlet of the second spray purification tank (3), the air outlet of the second spray purification tank (3) and the air inlet of the exhaust gas detection box (4), the first air outlet of the exhaust gas detection box (4) and the exhaust pipe; the exhaust gas circulation pipeline (6) is connected to the second air outlet of the exhaust gas detection box (4) and the air inlet of the first spray purification tank (2), the second air outlet of the exhaust gas detection box (4) and the air inlet of the second spray purification tank (3).

3. The multi-stage purification device for sulfur-free expandable graphite waste gas purification according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first electrically controlled valve (7) is provided on the exhaust gas detection box (4), a second electrically controlled valve (8) is provided on the exhaust gas circulation pipeline (6), and the first electrically controlled valve (7), the second electrically controlled valve (8) and the exhaust gas detection box (4) are all electrically connected to the controller.

4. The multi-stage purification device for sulfur-free expandable graphite waste gas purification according to claim 3, characterized in that: The controller controls the on / off state of the first electrically controlled valve (7) and the second electrically controlled valve (8) according to the detection result of the exhaust gas detection box (4), specifically: When the concentration of harmful substances in the exhaust gas detection box (4) is less than a first preset concentration value, the first gas outlet of the first electrically controlled valve (7) is opened to allow the exhaust gas to be discharged through the exhaust pipe; When the concentration of harmful substances in the exhaust gas detection box (4) is greater than a first preset concentration value, the second gas outlet of the first electrically controlled valve (7) is opened to allow the exhaust gas to flow into the exhaust gas circulation pipeline (6); When the concentration of harmful substances in the exhaust gas detection box (4) is greater than a second preset concentration value, the first air outlet of the second electrically controlled valve (8) is opened to allow the exhaust gas to flow into the air inlet of the first spray purification tank (2); When the concentration of harmful substances in the exhaust gas detection box (4) is greater than a first preset concentration value and less than a second preset concentration value, the second gas outlet of the second electrically controlled valve (8) is opened to allow the exhaust gas to flow into the gas inlet of the second spray purification tank (3).

5. The multi-stage purification device for sulfur-free expandable graphite waste gas purification according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top end of the inner shell (12) extends out of the outer shell (11), the top end of the inner shell (12) is provided with an exhaust gas inlet (13), the bottom end of the outer shell (11) is provided with an exhaust gas outlet (14), and the side wall of the inner shell (12) is provided with a through hole communicating with the outer shell (11); a cooling jacket (15) is sleeved on the outside of the outer shell (11), and an upper cooling jacket (16) is sleeved on the outside of the inner shell (12); a cooling liquid pipe is arranged around the cooling jacket (15) and the upper cooling jacket (16), and the cooling liquid pipe is connected to a cooling liquid supply device; the inner and outer edges of the filter cover (17) are respectively connected to the inner shell (12) and the outer shell (11), and filtering holes are evenly arranged on the filter cover (17).

6. The multi-stage purification device for sulfur-free expandable graphite waste gas purification according to claim 5, characterized in that: The guide column (18) is concentrically arranged in the inner shell (12), and comprises an upper cylindrical section and a lower conical section. A conical surface is arranged at the top edge of the cylindrical section, and the bottom end of the conical surface of the conical section corresponds to the lower edge of the through hole.

7. The multi-stage purification device for purifying waste gas with sulfur-free expandable graphite according to claim 5, characterized in that: An exhaust gas slow flow plate (19) is arranged inside the outer shell (11), and the inner and outer edges of the exhaust gas slow flow plate (19) are respectively connected to the inner shell (12) and the outer shell (11), and the exhaust gas slow flow plate (19) is arranged in a spiral shape, and the bottom outlet end of the exhaust gas slow flow plate (19) faces the exhaust gas outlet port (14).

8. The multi-stage purification device for purifying waste gas with sulfur-free expandable graphite according to claim 7, characterized in that: A plurality of inner baffles (21) and outer baffles (22) are arranged on the upper surface of the exhaust gas slow flow plate (19); the inner baffles (21) are connected to the inner side of the exhaust gas slow flow plate (19) and to the inner shell (12); the outer baffles (22) are connected to the outer side of the exhaust gas slow flow plate (19) and to the outer shell (11); the inner baffles (21) and the outer baffles (22) are arranged in a staggered manner.

9. The multi-stage purification device for purifying waste gas with sulfur-free expandable graphite according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling and dust removal tank (1) further comprises an ash discharge unit, which comprises: A blocking ring (23), the blocking ring (23) being slidably connected to the outer wall of the inner shell (12), the top end of the blocking ring (23) being connected to the inner edge of the filter cover (17), the filter cover (17) being arranged in a conical shape and the inner edge being lower than the outer edge, and the inner edge of the filter cover (17) being lower than the lower edge of the through hole; An ash discharge hole (24), the ash discharge hole (24) being arranged through the inner shell (12), the ash discharge hole (24) being lower than the filter cover (17) and being blocked by the inner side of the blocking ring (23); A counterweight ring (25) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the inner shell (12); the counterweight ring (25) is connected to the blocking ring (23) via a first pull rope (26); and the first pull rope (26) passes through the ash discharge hole (24).

10. The multi-stage purification device for purifying waste gas with sulfur-free expandable graphite according to claim 9, characterized in that: The ash removal unit also includes: A plug (27), the plug (27) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the inner shell (12) and is located below the counterweight ring (25); A tension spring (28) is connected to the bottom end of the guide column (18), and the tension spring (28) is connected to the plug (27) via a second pull rope.

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