Display assembly, display equipment and vehicle

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses a display assembly, display equipment and a vehicle, relates to the field of display, and solves the problem of high assembly cost of a three-dimensional display assembly. According to the specific scheme, first polarized light is obtained from light emitted by sub-pixels, second polarized light is obtained from background light, and the polarization directions of the first polarized light and the second polarized light are perpendicular to each other. The light splitting modulation structure directly irradiates the second polarized light; and the first polarized light from different sub-pixels is deflected and then is emitted in different directions. The light splitting modulation structure does not need to avoid any light beam emitted by the display layer, the assembly precision requirement is low, and the assembly cost is low. The period width of the light splitting modulation structure is not limited by the period width of the whole pixel. The single-period light splitting modulation structure can cover a plurality of integer pixels, and a basis is provided for the display assembly to display a multi-view or super-multi-view three-dimensional image. The light splitting modulation structure can be configured with a controller to realize switching between a three-dimensional mode and a two-dimensional mode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Embodiments of the present application relate to the field of display, and in particular, to a display component, a display device, and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Three-dimensional (3D) display technology can make the output image become three-dimensional and realistic, giving viewers an immersive experience. Among them, naked-eye 3D display technology does not require viewers to wear glasses or helmets to enjoy the 3D effect, and has a wide range of application scenarios. Naked-eye 3D display technology includes light barrier 3D display technology, lenticular lens 3D display technology, integral imaging display technology, holographic display technology, and directional backlight 3D display technology.

[0003] Among them, the assembly cost of display devices for naked-eye 3D display needs to be reduced. Summary of the invention

[0004] Embodiments of the present application provide a display assembly, a display device, and a vehicle, which reduce the assembly cost of the display assembly.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, this application adopts the following technical solution.

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a display component. The display component includes a display layer, a polarization structure, and a splitter modulation structure. The display layer includes a light-transmitting portion and a light-emitting device connected to each other. The polarization structure is located on the light-emitting side of the display layer, and the portion of the polarization structure covering the light-emitting device is used to emit a first polarized light, and the portion of the polarization structure covering the light-transmitting portion is used to emit a second polarized light. The transmission direction of the first polarized light is a first direction; the transmission direction of the second polarized light is a second direction; the polarization direction of the first polarized light is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the second polarized light. The splitter modulation structure is located on the light-emitting side of the polarization structure. The splitter modulation structure is connected to the light-emitting side of the polarization structure; the splitter modulation structure is used to emit the first polarized light with a transmission direction of a third direction; and is also used to emit the second polarized light with a transmission direction of a second direction; the first direction and the third direction are different. As a result, the light emitted from the light-transmitting portion obtains the second polarized light after passing through the polarization structure, and the splitter modulation structure does not change the transmission direction of the second polarized light; the light emitted from the light-emitting device obtains the first polarized light after passing through the polarization structure, and the splitter modulation structure changes the transmission direction of the first polarized light. The incident angles of light emitted from different positions of the light emitter into the spectroscopic modulation structure are different. After the spectroscopic modulation structure is changed, the emission directions of light emitted from different positions of the light emitter are also different. Therefore, the light emitted from different positions in the light emitter will propagate to different areas on the light-emitting side of the display component, and the light emitted from different light emitters will propagate to different areas on the light-emitting side of the display component. Due to the distance between the left eye and the right eye, the light received by the viewer's left eye and the light received by the right eye come from different light-emitting areas of the light-emitting device (or from different light-emitting devices). When the display layer plays a three-dimensional image, the viewer can watch the three-dimensional image. In other words, the display component has the function of displaying three-dimensional images. At the same time, the display component does not change the transmission direction of the light passing through the light-transmitting portion. The light away from the observation surface of the display component can enter the human eye through the light-transmitting portion, so that the viewer can watch the three-dimensional image while watching the object on the back of the display component. The light emitted from the light-transmitting part and the light emitted from the light-emitting device are both incident on the light-splitting modulation structure after passing through the polarization structure. During the installation process, the light-splitting modulation structure does not need to avoid any light beam emitted from the display layer. It only needs to make the light emitted from the display layer pass through the light-splitting modulation structure, so that the assembly accuracy requirements of the light-splitting modulation structure are low, and the assembly cost of the display component is reduced. In addition, since all the light beams of the display layer are incident on the light-splitting modulation structure, the manufacturing error or assembly error of the light-splitting modulation structure has little effect on the optical path, ensuring the excellent display effect of the display component.

[0007] In combination with the first aspect, in some achievable ways, the light splitting modulation structure includes a first liquid crystal layer and a modulation layer. The polarization structure, the first liquid crystal layer and the modulation layer are stacked in sequence away from the display layer. Alternatively, the polarization structure, the modulation layer and the first liquid crystal layer are stacked in sequence away from the display layer. The surface of the first liquid crystal layer facing the modulation layer is a first curved surface, the surface of the modulation layer facing the first liquid crystal layer is a second curved surface, and the first curved surface is bonded to the second curved surface. The liquid crystal molecules are located in the first liquid crystal layer, and the refractive index of the modulation layer is the same as the ordinary light refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules of the first liquid crystal layer; the polarization direction of the first polarized light is parallel to the director of the liquid crystal molecules of the first liquid crystal layer; or the refractive index of the modulation layer is the same as the extraordinary light refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules of the first liquid crystal layer, and the polarization direction of the first polarized light is perpendicular to the director of the liquid crystal molecules of the first liquid crystal layer. Since the polarization direction of the first polarized light is parallel to the director of the liquid crystal molecule, the liquid crystal molecule exhibits an extraordinary light refractive index for the first polarized light. The refractive index of the modulation layer is the same as the ordinary light refractive index of the liquid crystal molecule. Since the extraordinary light refractive index is different from the ordinary light refractive index, the refractive index of the first polarized light on both sides of the first curved surface is different. The first liquid crystal layer and the modulation layer act as a convex lens for the first polarized light. After the first polarized light passes through the first liquid crystal layer and the modulation layer, the transmission direction is changed. Since the polarization direction of the second polarized light is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the first polarized light, and the polarization direction of the second polarized light is perpendicular to the director of the liquid crystal molecule, the liquid crystal molecule exhibits an ordinary light refractive index for the second polarized light, and the first liquid crystal layer and the modulation layer act as a light-transmitting element for the second polarized light. After the second polarized light passes through the first liquid crystal layer and the modulation layer, the transmission direction is not changed. Alternatively, the refractive index of the modulation layer is the same as the extraordinary light refractive index, the polarization direction of the first polarized light is perpendicular to the director of the liquid crystal molecule, the liquid crystal molecule exhibits an ordinary light refractive index for the first polarized light, the refractive index of the first polarized light on both sides of the first curved surface is different, and the first liquid crystal layer and the modulation layer act as a convex lens for the first polarized light. The refractive indexes of the modulation layer and the liquid crystal molecules to the second polarized light are both extraordinary light refractive indexes, and the modulation layer and the liquid crystal molecules act as light-transmitting elements to the second polarized light.

[0008] In combination with the first aspect, in some achievable methods, the light splitting modulation structure further includes a first electrode and a second electrode located on both sides of the first liquid crystal layer. If the potential difference between the first electrode and the second electrode is a first voltage, the polarization direction of the first polarized light is parallel to the director of the liquid crystal molecule. If the potential difference between the first electrode and the second electrode is a second voltage, the polarization direction of the first polarized light and the polarization direction of the second polarized light are both perpendicular to the director of the liquid crystal molecule. Thus, if the potential difference between the first electrode and the second electrode is a first voltage, the first liquid crystal layer and the modulation layer act as a convex lens for the first polarized light, and the first polarized light incident at different positions is deflected and emitted in different directions, and the light received by the left eye of the viewer is different from the light received by the right eye, so that the display component can display a three-dimensional image. When the polarization direction of the first polarized light and the polarization direction of the second polarized light are both perpendicular to the director of the liquid crystal molecule, the first liquid crystal layer and the modulation layer act as a light-transmitting element for the first polarized light and the second polarized light. The light received by the left eye and the right eye of the viewer come from the same light emitting device, so that the display component can display a two-dimensional image. In this way, the two-dimensional mode and the three-dimensional mode of the display component can be switched by the controller.

[0009] In combination with the first aspect, in some achievable methods, the light splitting modulation structure includes a first electrode group, a second liquid crystal layer and a plurality of liquid crystal molecules. The first electrode group includes a plurality of electrically isolated conductive sheets, and the plurality of liquid crystal molecules are located in the second liquid crystal layer; the light incident surface and the light emitting surface of the second liquid crystal layer are parallel to each other. The light incident surface of the second liquid crystal layer faces the polarization structure. If the voltage received by the plurality of conductive sheets gradually decreases from the edge of the light incident surface of the second liquid crystal layer to the geometric center of the light incident surface of the second liquid crystal layer, the director of the liquid crystal molecule gradually deflects. For the first polarized light, the plurality of liquid crystal molecules generate a gradient refractive index distribution, and the gradient refractive index is parabolically distributed. The light splitting modulation structure acts as a convex lens for the first polarized light, and deflects the first polarized light from different light-emitting devices and emits at different angles. When the display layer plays a three-dimensional image, the viewer can view the three-dimensional image. For the second polarized light, the director of each liquid crystal molecule is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the second polarized light, and the split light modulation structure acts as a light-transmitting element for the second polarized light. The light away from the observation surface of the display component can enter the human eye through the light-transmitting portion, so that the viewer can watch the three-dimensional image while watching the object on the back of the display component. If the voltages received by the multiple conductive sheets are equal. The directors of each liquid crystal molecule are parallel, and the split light modulation structure acts as a light-transmitting element for the first polarized light and the second polarized light. The viewer can watch the two-dimensional image played by the display layer and can watch the object on the back of the display component.

[0010] In combination with the first aspect, in some achievable embodiments, the polarization structure includes a first polarizer and a polarization converter. The polarization converter is stacked with the first polarizer along a side away from the display layer. The portion of the first polarizer covering the light-emitting device is used to emit a third polarized light, and the portion of the first polarizer covering the light-transmitting portion is used to emit a fourth polarized light. The third polarized light has the same polarization direction as the first polarized light, the projection of the polarization converter on the surface of the display layer overlaps with the light-transmitting portion, and the polarization converter is used to convert the fourth polarized light into the second polarized light; or, the fourth polarized light has the same polarization direction as the second polarized light, the projection of the polarization converter on the surface of the display layer overlaps with the light-emitting device, and the polarization converter is used to convert the third polarized light into the first polarized light. As a result, the light beam emitted by the light-emitting device emits the first polarized light after passing through the first polarizer and the polarization converter, and the light beam emitted by the light-transmitting portion emits the second polarized light after passing through the first polarizer and the polarization converter.

[0011] In combination with the first aspect, in some achievable manners, the polarization converter includes a twisted nematic liquid crystal layer, whereby the twisted nematic liquid crystal layer can deflect the polarization direction of the polarized light by 90°.

[0012] In combination with the first aspect, in some achievable manners, the polarization converter includes a 1 / 2 wave plate. Thus, the 1 / 2 wave plate can deflect the polarization direction of the polarized light by 90°.

[0013] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some achievable embodiments, the display assembly further comprises: a first 1 / 4 wave plate, the first 1 / 4 wave plate being located between the light emitting device and the polarization structure, so that the first 1 / 4 wave plate can reduce the reflection of light propagating from the light emitting side of the display assembly to the light emitting device.

[0014] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a display component. The display component includes: a display layer, a light splitting modulation structure, a second polarizer and a polarizing component, and the display layer includes a light-transmitting portion and a light-emitting device connected to each other. The second polarizer is located on the light-emitting side of the sub-pixel, and is used to emit a first polarized light. The transmission direction of the first polarized light is the first direction. After the incident light passes through the polarizing component and the light-transmitting portion, the second polarized light is emitted; the transmission direction of the second polarized light is the second direction; the polarization direction of the first polarized light is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the second polarized light. The light-emitting side of the light-transmitting portion and the light-emitting side of the second polarizer are both connected to the light splitting modulation structure; the light splitting modulation structure is used to emit the first polarized light with a transmission direction of a third direction; and is also used to emit the second polarized light with a transmission direction of a second direction; the first direction and the third direction are different. The light-transmitting portion emits the second polarized light, and the light splitting modulation structure does not change the transmission direction of the second polarized light; the light emitted by the light-emitting device obtains the first polarized light after passing through the second polarizer, and the light splitting modulation structure changes the transmission direction of the first polarized light. The incident angles of light emitted from different positions of the light emitter into the spectroscopic modulation structure are different. After the spectroscopic modulation structure is changed, the emission directions of light emitted from different positions of the light emitter are also different. Therefore, the light emitted from different positions in the light emitter will propagate to different areas on the light-emitting side of the display component, and the light emitted from different light emitters will propagate to different areas on the light-emitting side of the display component. Due to the distance between the left eye and the right eye, the light received by the viewer's left eye and the light received by the right eye come from different light-emitting areas of the light-emitting device (or different light-emitting devices). When the display layer plays a three-dimensional image, the viewer can watch the three-dimensional image. In other words, the display component has the function of displaying three-dimensional images. At the same time, the display component does not change the transmission direction of the light passing through the light-transmitting portion. The light away from the observation surface of the display component can enter the human eye through the light-transmitting portion, so that the viewer can watch the three-dimensional image while watching the object on the back of the display component. The light emitted from the light-transmitting portion and the light emitted from the light-emitting device are both incident on the light-splitting modulation structure. During the installation process, the light-splitting modulation structure does not need to avoid any light beam emitted from the display layer. It only needs to make the light emitted from the display layer pass through the light-splitting modulation structure, so that the assembly accuracy requirements of the light-splitting modulation structure are low, and the assembly cost of the display component is reduced. In addition, since all light beams of the display layer are incident on the light-splitting modulation structure, the manufacturing error or assembly error of the light-splitting modulation structure has little effect on the optical path, ensuring the excellent display effect of the display component.

[0015] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some achievable embodiments, the polarizing assembly includes a third polarizer, and the third polarizer is located on the light incident side of the light-transmitting portion. Thus, the incident light passes through the third polarizer and the light-transmitting portion to emit the second polarized light.

[0016] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some achievable ways, the polarizing assembly includes a fourth polarizer, a second quarter wave plate, and a third quarter wave plate; the second quarter wave plate and the fourth polarizer are stacked close to the display layer in sequence, the third quarter wave plate is located between the second polarizer and the display layer, and the third quarter wave plate covers the light-transmitting portion and the light-emitting device; the incident light passes through the fourth polarizer, the second quarter wave plate, the light-transmitting portion, and the third quarter wave plate in sequence, and then emits the second polarized light. The third quarter wave plate can reduce the reflection of light propagating from the light-emitting side of the display assembly to the light-emitting device.

[0017] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a display device, comprising a processor and any one of the display components provided in the first and second aspects above, wherein the processor is used to send image data to the display module. Thus, the display device has the advantages of the above display devices, has good display effects, and has low manufacturing costs.

[0018] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle, comprising a vehicle frame and any one of the display devices provided in the third aspect, wherein the display device is connected to the vehicle frame. Obviously, the vehicle also has the advantages of the display device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1a A schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0020] Figure 1b A schematic diagram of the structure of AR glasses.

[0021] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a display device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0022] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a display component provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0023] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a display panel in the related art.

[0024] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the optical path structure of a pixel unit provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0025] Figure 6a A schematic diagram of the structure of a light splitting modulation structure provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0026] Figure 6b Schematic diagram of the optical path of the first polarized light propagating in the light splitting modulation structure.

[0027] Figure 6c Schematic diagram of the optical path of the second polarized light propagating in the light splitting modulation structure.

[0028] Figure 6d A schematic diagram of the structure of another light splitting modulation structure provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0029] Figure 6e for Figure 6d A working state diagram of the split light modulation structure shown.

[0030] Figure 7a A schematic diagram of the structure of another light splitting modulation structure provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0031] Figure 7b for Figure 7a A working state diagram of the split light modulation structure shown.

[0032] Figure 7c for Figure 7a Another working state diagram of the split light modulation structure shown.

[0033] Figure 8a A schematic diagram of the decomposed structure of a display layer and a polarization structure provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0034] Figure 8b A schematic diagram of the decomposed structure of a display layer and another polarization structure provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0035] Figure 8c A schematic diagram of the decomposed structure of a display layer and another polarization structure provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0036] Figure 8d A schematic diagram of the decomposed structure of a display layer and another polarization structure provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0037] Figure 9a A schematic diagram of the exploded structure of another display component provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0038] Figure 9b A schematic diagram of the exploded structure of another display component provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0039] In the figure: 01-display panel; 02-sub-pixel; 03-transparent part; 04-polarizing film; 05-liquid crystal lens layer; 20-vehicle; 21-vehicle frame; 10-display device; 11-processor; 12-object; 100-display component; 110-display layer; 101-pixel unit; 102-red polarized light; 103-green polarized light; 104-blue polarized light; 105-second polarized light; 111-transparent part; 112-light emitting device; 120-polarization structure; 130-spectral modulation structure; 131-first liquid crystal layer; 132-modulation layer; 133-liquid crystal Crystal molecules; 135-first curved surface; 134-second curved surface; 138-first controller; 136-first electrode; 137-second electrode; 139-second controller; 141-first electrode group; 142-second electrode group; 143-second liquid crystal layer; 150-1 / 4 wave plate; 121-first polarizer; 122-polarization converter; 123-first conductive substrate; 124-second conductive substrate; 125-liquid crystal layer; 107-fourth polarized light; 106-third polarized light; 160-second polarizer; 170-third polarizer; 201-first polarized light. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0041] In the following, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0042] In addition, in the present application, directional terms such as "upper" and "lower" are defined relative to the orientation of the components in the drawings. It should be understood that these directional terms are relative concepts. They are used for relative description and clarification, and they can change accordingly according to the changes in the orientation of the components in the drawings.

[0043] Figure 1a FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle 20 provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1a As shown, the vehicle 20 includes a vehicle frame 21 and a display device 10 , and the display device 10 is connected to the vehicle frame 21 .

[0044] The embodiment of the present application does not limit the relative position of the frame 21 and the display device 10. In some embodiments, the display device 10 is integrated into a head up display (HUD), which can project navigation information, instrument information, etc. into the driver's front field of view to prevent the driver from looking down to view this information, thereby affecting driving safety. The image projected by the HUD is reflected by the windshield to form a virtual image outside the vehicle. Among them, the types of HUD include but are not limited to a combined head-up display system (combiner-HUD, C-HUD), a windshield head-up display (windshield-HUD, W-HUD) and an augmented reality head-up display system (augmented reality HUD, AR-HUD).

[0045] In another possible application scenario, the display device provided in the embodiment of the present application is integrated into an augmented reality (AR) device, and the AR device may include but is not limited to AR glasses or an AR helmet. Figure 1b This is a schematic diagram of the structure of AR glasses, please refer to Figure 1b The display device 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application is integrated into AR glasses, and users can wear the AR glasses to play games, watch videos, participate in virtual meetings, or video shopping, etc.

[0046] In another scenario, the display device provided in the embodiment of the present application can be set in other devices such as electronic showcases, transparent televisions, etc., and the embodiment of the present application is not limited to this.

[0047] It can be understood that the application scenarios given above are only examples, and the display device provided in the present application can also be applied to other possible scenarios, such as medical equipment, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.

[0048] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a display device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 The display device 10 includes a processor 11 and a display component 100, the processor 11 and the display component 100 are connected by signals, and the processor 11 is used to send image data to the display component 100. When the display device 10 is installed in a vehicle 20 (such as Figure 1a ) in an embodiment of a frame 21, the functions of the processor 11 can be implemented by a domain controller on the frame 21.

[0049] Exemplarily, the display assembly 100 is a transparent display assembly, and ambient light (such as sunlight) can penetrate the display assembly 100 into the viewing area, so that the viewing eyes of the viewing area can view the object 12 located behind the display assembly 100 . Figure 2The solid arrow in the middle represents the transmission direction of the light reflected from the surface of the object 12. When the processor 11 sends image data to the display component 100, and the self-luminous light of the display component 100 and the ambient light reflected from the object 12 propagate to the viewing area of ​​the display component 100 (e.g. Figure 2 When the viewing area of ​​the display assembly 100 is the area between two intersecting dashed lines, the image played by the display assembly 100 and the object 12 can be viewed. Taking the display device 10 integrated into a head-up display as an example, the viewer can simultaneously see the picture played by the display assembly 100 and the road scene.

[0050] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a display assembly 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 The display component 100 includes a display layer 110, a polarization structure 120, and a light splitting modulation structure 130. The display layer 110, the polarization structure 120, and the light splitting modulation structure 130 are stacked.

[0051] Exemplarily, the display layer 110 includes a plurality of pixel units 101. One pixel unit 101 includes a light-transmitting portion 111 and a light-emitting device 112. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the structure of the light-emitting device 112. Exemplarily, the light-emitting device 112 includes a sub-pixel and electrodes located on both sides of the sub-pixel.

[0052] The polarization structure 120 changes the polarization property of the light emitted from the pixel unit 101. The polarization structure 120 covers a part of the light-transmitting portion 111 and emits a polarization property. The light emitted from the light-transmitting portion 111 passes through the polarization structure 120. In other words, the polarization structure 120 makes the light emitted from the light-transmitting portion 111 have a polarization property. The polarization structure 120 covers a part of the light-emitting device 112 and emits another polarization property. The polarization structure 120 makes the light emitted from the light-emitting device 112 have another polarization property. The light-splitting modulation structure 130 modulates the transmission directions of light beams with different polarization properties differently. The light-splitting modulation structure 130 does not change the transmission direction of the polarized light from the light-transmitting portion 111. The transmission direction of the polarized light from the light-emitting device 112 is changed so that the light emitted from the light-emitting devices 112 at different positions is deflected to different areas on the light-emitting side of the display component 100.

[0053] For example, part of the light emitted by the light emitting device 112 is deflected to the left eye viewing position, and part of the light is deflected to the right eye viewing position. When the light emitting device 112 displays a three-dimensional image, the viewer can view the three-dimensional image through the viewer's brain's perception of different parallax images. In addition, since the light emitted by the light-transmitting portion 111 is not deflected, the light emitted by the light-transmitting portion 111 can enter the human eye normally, and the viewer can view the object located on the back side of the display layer 110 through the light-transmitting portion 111. The back side of the display layer 110 is the side of the display layer 110 away from the light-emitting side.

[0054] The projection of the portion of the polarization structure 120 covering the light-transmitting portion 111 on the surface of the light-transmitting portion 111 overlaps with the light-transmitting portion 111, wherein the polarization structure 120 may be in direct contact with the light-transmitting portion 111, or the polarization structure 120 and the light-transmitting portion 111 may be connected via other structures, or the polarization structure 120 and the light-transmitting portion 111 may not be connected. The same is true for the portion of the light-emitting device 112 covered by the polarization structure 120, which will not be described in detail here.

[0055] Figure 4 01 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the display panel 01 in the related art. Figure 4 The display panel 01 includes a transparent portion 03, a polarizing film 04, a liquid crystal lens layer 05, and a plurality of sub-pixels 02. The sub-pixels 02 are connected to the transparent portion 03. The polarizing film 04 is connected to the light-emitting surface of the sub-pixel 02, and the liquid crystal lens layer 05 is connected to the light-emitting surface of the polarizing film 04.

[0056] Figure 4 In the example, the polarizing film 04 obtains polarized light from the light emitted by the sub-pixel 02, and the polarized light is deflected by the liquid crystal lens layer 05 after entering the liquid crystal lens layer 05, and the light emitted by different sub-pixels 02 is deflected to different areas. The polarizing film 04 does not filter the light emitted by the transparent part 03, and the liquid crystal lens layer 05 does not deflect the light emitted by the transparent part 03.

[0057] It can be seen that Figure 4 In the example, the polarizing film 04 and the liquid crystal lens layer 05 are only located in the optical path of the light emitted from the sub-pixel 02. They are not located in the optical path of the light emitted from the transparent portion 03. Therefore, the shape of the polarizing film 04 is related to the shape and size of the sub-pixel 02. Similarly, the shape of the liquid crystal lens layer 05 is related to the shape and size of the sub-pixel 02. The liquid crystal lens layer 05 needs to avoid the light emitted from the transparent portion 03. Therefore, the manufacturing accuracy and assembly accuracy requirements of the liquid crystal lens layer 05 are both high. The manufacturing cost and assembly cost are both high.

[0058] like Figure 3 As shown, the display assembly 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application can reduce manufacturing accuracy and assembly accuracy, thereby reducing costs.

[0059] The display layer 110 is used to display images, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit the structure of the display layer 110. For example, the display layer 110 can be an organic light-emitting diode (OLED), a sub-millimeter light-emitting diode (mini light-emitting diode, mini-LED) or a micro-light emitting diode (micro-LED), etc. Accordingly, the structure of the pixel unit 101 can be set according to the type of the display layer 110, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit it.

[0060] Exemplarily, the pixel unit 101 includes three light emitting devices 112, namely a red (red, R) light emitting device, a green (green, G) light emitting device, and a blue (blue, B) light emitting device. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the arrangement of the light-transmitting portion 111 and the light emitting device 112 in the pixel unit 101. For example, Figure 3 In the embodiment, the red light emitting device, the green light emitting device, the blue light emitting device and the light-transmitting portion 111 are arranged in sequence. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the red light emitting device and the green light emitting device are in one row, the light-transmitting portion 111 and the blue light emitting device are in another row, and so on, which will not be described in detail here.

[0061] The pixel units 101 in the display layer 110 are arranged in an array. The structure of one pixel unit 101 is used as an example for description below, and the rest of the structures are similar.

[0062] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the optical path structure of a pixel unit 101 provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 5 , the light emitting surface of the pixel unit 101 is connected to the polarization structure 120, and the polarization structure 120 covers the part of the light emitting device 112 to emit the first polarized light 201. The polarization structure 120 covers the part of the light-transmitting portion 111 to emit the second polarized light 105. Exemplarily, the light emitted by the light emitting device 112 emits the first polarized light 201 after passing through the polarization structure 120. The ambient light is incident on the light-transmitting portion 111, and the light emitted by the light-transmitting portion 111 emits the second polarized light 105 after passing through the polarization structure 120.

[0063] The polarization direction of the first polarized light 201 and the polarization direction of the second polarized light 105 are perpendicular to each other. Figure 5 , the first polarization direction is the polarization direction of the first polarized light 201 , and the second polarization direction is the polarization direction of the second polarized light 105 .

[0064] Since there are multiple light-emitting devices 112, the polarization structure 120 obtains red polarized light 102 from the light emitted by the red light-emitting device 112, obtains green polarized light 103 from the light emitted by the green light-emitting device 112, and obtains blue polarized light 104 from the light emitted by the blue light-emitting device 112. In other words, the first polarized light 201 includes red polarized light 102, green polarized light 103, and blue polarized light 104. The polarization directions of the red polarized light 102, the green polarized light 103, and the blue polarized light 104 are all the same.

[0065] Figure 5 In the embodiment, the light splitting modulation structure 130 has different modulation properties for the first polarized light 201 and the second polarized light 105. The transmission direction of the second polarized light 105 entering the light splitting modulation structure 130 is the same as the transmission direction of the second polarized light 105 emitted from the light splitting modulation structure 130. For example, the transmission direction of the second polarized light 105 entering the light splitting modulation structure 130 and the transmission direction of the second polarized light 105 emitted from the light splitting modulation structure 130 are both the second direction. Figure 5 In FIG, the dotted arrow represents the transmission direction of the emitted second polarized light 105. In other words, the spectroscopic modulation structure 130 directly irradiates the second polarized light 105. The transmission direction of the first polarized light 201 entering the spectroscopic modulation structure 130 is the first direction, and the transmission direction of the first polarized light 201 emitted from the spectroscopic modulation structure 130 is the third direction. The first direction and the third direction are different. In other words, the transmission direction of the first polarized light 201 changes after entering the spectroscopic modulation structure 130. Light from light-emitting devices 112 at different positions enters the spectroscopic modulation structure 130 at different incident angles, and is emitted in different directions after being deflected by the spectroscopic modulation structure 130. In other words, the spectroscopic modulation structure 130 deflects the first polarized light 201 from different light-emitting devices 112 and emits them in different directions. For example, the spectroscopic modulation structure 130 deflects the red polarized light 102, the green polarized light 103, and the blue polarized light 104 and emits them in different directions.

[0066] like Figure 5As shown, the red polarized light 102 is distributed in area A on the light-exiting side of the display component 100 after passing through the light-splitting modulation structure 130, the green polarized light 103 is distributed in area B on the light-exiting side of the display component 100 after passing through the light-splitting modulation structure 130, and the blue polarized light 104 is distributed in area C on the light-exiting side of the display component 100 after passing through the light-splitting modulation structure 130. When the red light-emitting device 112R, the green light-emitting device 112G, and the blue light-emitting device 112B partially display the right-eye parallax image and partially display the left-eye parallax image, the viewer can perceive a three-dimensional image through the perception of the right-eye parallax image and the left-eye parallax image by the viewer's brain. Since the light-splitting modulation structure 130 directly irradiates the second polarized light 105, the transmission direction of the second polarized light 105 is not changed, and the second polarized light 105 is distributed in area A, area B, and area C on the light-exiting side of the display component 100 after passing through the light-splitting modulation structure 130. The light emitted from the same light-transmitting portion 111 can enter the left eye and the right eye of the viewer, so that the viewer can view the object 12 through the light-transmitting portion 111 .

[0067] In this way, the first polarized light 201 is deflected and modulated by the light splitting modulation structure 130 without affecting the ambient light (eg Figure 2 The light emitted by the object 12 in the display layer 110 passes through the light-transmitting portion 111, so that the display component 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application can display a three-dimensional image. And the first polarized light 201 and the second polarized light 105 both pass through the light-splitting modulation structure 130. The light-splitting modulation structure 130 can indiscriminately cover the light-emitting device 112 and the light-transmitting portion 111, and the assembly precision requirement of the light-splitting modulation structure 130 is low. In addition, all the light emitted by the display layer 110 passes through the light-splitting modulation structure 130, and the light-splitting modulation structure 130 does not need to avoid part of the light, and the assembly precision requirement of the light-splitting modulation structure 130 is low.

[0068] In addition, in the embodiment where the light splitting modulation structure 130 is distributed periodically, the size of the light splitting modulation structure 130 of a single period is independent of the size of a pixel unit 101. The light splitting modulation structure 130 of a single period does not need to be aligned and assembled with a pixel unit 101. For example, the light splitting modulation structure 130 of a single period can cover one or more pixel units 101. The size of the light splitting modulation structure 130 is relatively large, and the preparation accuracy of the light splitting modulation structure 130 is low. Obviously, the assembly cost and manufacturing cost of the light splitting modulation structure 130 are reduced, and the assembly cost of the display component 100 is low. Furthermore, in the embodiment where a light splitting modulation structure 130 covers multiple pixel units 101, a basis is provided for the display component 100 to display multi-viewpoint or super-multi-viewpoint 3D images.

[0069] The embodiment of the present application does not limit the light-emitting devices that display the right eye parallax image and the left eye parallax image in a pixel unit 101. For example, a red light-emitting device and a green light-emitting device display the right eye parallax image, and a blue light-emitting device displays the left eye parallax image. Alternatively, a red light-emitting device and a blue light-emitting device display the right eye parallax image, and a green light-emitting device displays the left eye parallax image, and so on. For example, Figure 5 In the example, any area among area A, area B and area C is a left eye viewing area, and the remaining areas are right eye viewing areas. In addition, in some embodiments, one pixel unit 101 may display a left eye parallax image, and an adjacent pixel unit 101 may display a right eye parallax image. That is, area A, area B and area C may all be left eye viewing areas or all be right eye viewing areas.

[0070] The embodiment of the present application does not limit the type of the splitter modulation structure 130. Exemplarily, the splitter modulation structure 130 has anisotropy for polarized light with different polarization directions. Exemplarily, the refractive index of the second polarized light 105 and the first polarized light 201 are different. The following is an exemplary description of the type of the splitter modulation structure 130.

[0071] Figure 6a This is a schematic diagram of a light splitting modulation structure 130 provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 6a The light splitting modulation structure 130 includes a first liquid crystal layer 131 and a modulation layer 132. The first liquid crystal layer 131 includes a plurality of liquid crystal (LC) molecules 133.

[0072] Polarization structure 120 (eg Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the first liquid crystal layer 131 and the modulation layer 132 are stacked in sequence in a direction away from the display layer 110. The light emitted by the polarization structure 120 passes through the first liquid crystal layer 131 and the modulation layer 132 in sequence. Alternatively, the first liquid crystal layer 131, the modulation layer 132 and the polarization structure 120 are stacked in a direction away from the display layer 110, and the light emitted by the polarization structure 120 passes through the modulation layer 132 and the first liquid crystal layer 131 in sequence. The surface of the first liquid crystal layer 131 facing the modulation layer 132 is the first curved surface 135, and the surface of the modulation layer 132 facing the first liquid crystal layer 131 is the second curved surface 134. The first curved surface 135 and the second curved surface 134 are bonded.

[0073] In some embodiments, the refractive index of the modulation layer 132 is the same as the ordinary refractive index (n0) of the liquid crystal molecules 133. The polarization direction of the first polarized light 201 is parallel to the director of the liquid crystal molecules 133.

[0074] Figure 6b FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the optical path of the first polarized light propagating in the light splitting modulation structure 130. Figure 6b When the first polarized light 201 propagates in the first liquid crystal layer 131 filled with liquid crystal molecules 133, it follows the extraordinary refractive index (n e ), when the first polarized light propagates between the first liquid crystal layer 131 and the modulation layer 132, since the refractive index on one side of the first curved surface 135 is an extraordinary refractive index and the refractive index on the other side is an ordinary light refractive index, the light splitting modulation structure 130 has a converging effect on the first polarized light 201. That is, the light splitting modulation structure 130 acts as a convex lens on the first polarized light 201.

[0075] As mentioned above, the first polarized light 201 includes the red polarized light 102 , the green polarized light 103 and the blue polarized light 104 . The light splitting modulation structure 130 acts as a convex lens on the red polarized light 102 , the green polarized light 103 and the blue polarized light 104 .

[0076] Figure 6c FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the optical path of the second polarized light 105 propagating in the light splitting modulation structure 130. Figure 6c , the polarization direction of the second polarized light 105 and the director of the liquid crystal molecule 133 are perpendicular to each other. When the second polarized light 105 propagates in the first liquid crystal layer 131 filled with the liquid crystal molecules 133, it follows the ordinary light refractive index. Since the refractive index of the modulation layer 132 is also the ordinary light refractive index, the propagation direction of the second polarized light 105 in the modulation layer 132 and the first liquid crystal layer 131 remains unchanged, that is, it directly passes through the light splitting modulation structure 130. Therefore, the light emitted by the second polarized light 105 is distributed in the A region, the B region, and the C region.

[0077] In some other embodiments, the refractive index of the modulation layer 132 is the same as the extraordinary light refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules 133. The polarization direction of the first polarized light 201 is perpendicular to the director of the liquid crystal molecules 133. Figure 6b , Figure 6c The principle shown is the same, the polarization direction of the first polarized light 201 is perpendicular to the director of the liquid crystal molecule 133, the first polarized light 201 follows the ordinary refractive index when propagating in the first liquid crystal layer 131, and the refractive indexes on both sides of the first curved surface 135 are the extraordinary refractive index and the ordinary light refractive index when the first polarized light 201 propagates between the first liquid crystal layer 131 and the modulation layer 132, respectively. The light splitting modulation structure 130 acts as a convex lens to the first polarized light 201. The polarization direction of the second polarized light 105 is parallel to the director of the liquid crystal molecule 133, and the second polarized light 105 follows the extraordinary light refractive index when propagating in the first liquid crystal layer 131 and the modulation layer 132, and the propagation direction of the second polarized light 105 remains unchanged, that is, it directly passes through the light splitting modulation structure 130.

[0078] Subsequent Figure 6a and Figure 6bThe refractive index of the modulation layer 132 shown is the same as the ordinary light refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules 133 , and the polarization direction of the first polarized light 201 is parallel to the director of the liquid crystal molecules 133 as an example for description.

[0079] Exemplarily, a surface of the first liquid crystal layer 131 away from the modulation layer 132 and a surface of the modulation layer 132 away from the first liquid crystal layer 131 are parallel to each other.

[0080] The embodiment of the present application does not limit the connection method of the first liquid crystal layer 131 and the modulation layer 132. For example, the first liquid crystal layer 131 and the modulation layer 132 are bonded or detachably connected. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the material of the modulation layer 132. For example, the material of the modulation layer 132 includes ultraviolet rays (UV) glue.

[0081] The refractive index of the aforementioned modulation layer 132 is the same as the ordinary light refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules 133, including but not limited to the difference between the refractive index of the modulation layer 132 and the ordinary light refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules 133 being less than or equal to 0.2. For example, the difference between the refractive indices of the two is 0, 0.02, 0.05, 0.08, 0.1, 0.12, 0.15, 0.2, etc.

[0082] The embodiment of the present application does not limit the focal length of the light splitting modulation structure 130, and can be set as required. For example, the display layer 110 is located at the focal plane of the light splitting modulation structure 130. In an embodiment where the focal length of the light splitting modulation structure 130 is large, a transparent spacing layer can be provided between the display layer 110 and the light splitting modulation structure 130 to increase the distance between the display layer 110 and the light splitting modulation structure 130, so that the display layer 110 is located at the focal plane of the light splitting modulation structure 130.

[0083] The embodiment of the present application does not limit the shapes of the first curved surface 135 and the second curved surface 134 , and they are set according to the viewing position of the light emitting side of the display component 100 .

[0084] In an embodiment where the spectroscopic modulation structure 130 is arranged periodically, the embodiment of the present application does not limit the number of pixel units 101 covered by one spectroscopic modulation structure 130. For example, one spectroscopic modulation structure 130 covers 3 to 40 pixel units 101. In addition, one pixel unit 101 may be covered by multiple adjacent spectroscopic modulation structures 130. In other words, one spectroscopic modulation structure 130 may cover a non-integer number of pixel units 101. Exemplarily, a portion of light emitted from one pixel unit 101 passes through one of the spectroscopic modulation structures 130, and the remaining light emitted passes through another spectroscopic modulation structure 130. In an embodiment where a spectroscopic modulation structure 130 covers multiple pixel units 101, the pattern displayed by the pixel unit 101 can be designed according to demand, so that the display component 100 can display multi-viewpoint or ultra-multi-viewpoint 3D images.

[0085] The embodiments of the present application do not limit the type of liquid crystal molecules. For example, the liquid crystal molecules are polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC), polymer network liquid crystal (PNLC) or polymer stabilized liquid crystal (PSLC). The aforementioned liquid crystals have anisotropy to polarized light with different polarization directions.

[0086] Since liquid crystal molecules have dielectric anisotropy, when voltage is applied to the liquid crystal molecules, the liquid crystal molecules will rearrange themselves along the direction of the electric field lines.

[0087] Figure 6d This is a structural diagram of another light splitting modulation structure 130 provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 6d and Figure 6a , Figure 6d and Figure 6a The difference is that Figure 6d In the embodiment, the light splitting modulation structure 130 further includes a first electrode 136 and a second electrode 137. The first electrode 136 and the second electrode 137 are connected to the light emitting surface and the light incident surface of the first liquid crystal layer 131, respectively.

[0088] Exemplarily, when the potential difference V1 between the first electrode 136 and the second electrode 137 is a first voltage, the polarization direction of the first polarized light is parallel to the director of the liquid crystal molecule. Since the polarization direction of the first polarized light is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the second polarized light, the polarization direction of the second polarized light is perpendicular to the director of the liquid crystal molecule. As mentioned above, the light splitting modulation structure 130 has a convergence effect on the first polarized light. That is, the light splitting modulation structure 130 acts as a convex lens on the first polarized light. The light splitting modulation structure 130 directly irradiates the second polarized light, and at this time, the viewer can perceive a three-dimensional image.

[0089] Figure 6e for Figure 6d A working state diagram of the light splitting modulation structure 130 is shown. Figure 6d and Figure 6e , when the potential difference V1 between the first electrode 136 and the second electrode 137 is the second voltage, the polarization direction of the first polarized light and the polarization direction of the second polarized light are both perpendicular to the pointing vector of the liquid crystal molecules. In this way, the first polarized light and the second polarized light follow the extraordinary refractive index when propagating in the first liquid crystal layer 131 filled with liquid crystal molecules 133, and the light-splitting modulation structure 130 directly irradiates the first polarized light and the second polarized light. At this time, the transmission direction of the light emitted by each light-emitting device 112 in the pixel unit 101 remains unchanged, and the light emitted by each light-emitting device 112 can enter the left eye and the right eye of the viewer, and the viewer views a two-dimensional image. The light emitted by the light-transmitting portion 111 can also enter the left eye and the right eye of the viewer, and the viewer can simultaneously see the image played by the light-emitting device 112 and the object 21 (such as Figure 2 As shown in FIG. 1 , the first controller 138 controls the voltage between the first electrode 136 and the second electrode 137 to control the propagation direction of the light in the light splitting modulation structure 130 , so that the display component 100 switches between the two-dimensional mode and the three-dimensional mode.

[0090] The embodiment of the present application does not limit the magnitudes of the first voltage and the second voltage. For example, the first voltage is 0V (volts). The magnitude of the second voltage is set according to the material of the liquid crystal molecules and the thickness of the liquid crystal layer, for example, the second voltage is 5V to 15V.

[0091] The embodiment of the present application does not limit the relative positions of the first electrode 136, the second electrode 137 and the first liquid crystal layer 131. For example, the first electrode 136 and the second electrode 137 are respectively located at the light-emitting side and the light-incoming side of the first liquid crystal layer 131. The material of the first electrode 136 and the second electrode 137 is a transparent conductive material, such as indium tin oxide (ITO).

[0092] In some embodiments, the light splitting modulation structure 130 further includes a first controller 138, and the first electrode 136 and the second electrode 137 are both electrically connected to the first controller 138. The first controller 138 is used to control the potential difference V1 between the first electrode 136 and the second electrode 137, thereby controlling the director of the liquid crystal molecules. In this way, the display component 100 can be controlled by the first controller 138 to switch between the two-dimensional mode and the three-dimensional mode.

[0093] The light splitting modulation structure 130 provided in the embodiment of the present application is not limited to Figure 6a and Figure 6d The structure shown. Figure 7a This is a structural diagram of another light splitting modulation structure 130 provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 7a The light splitting modulation structure 130 includes a first electrode group 141, a second liquid crystal layer 143, a second electrode group 142 and a plurality of liquid crystal molecules 133. The plurality of liquid crystal molecules 133 are located in the second liquid crystal layer 143, and the light incident surface and the light emitting surface of the second liquid crystal layer 143 are parallel to each other.

[0094] When the potential difference V2 between the first electrode group 141 and the second electrode group 142 is the third voltage. The third voltage is a non-uniform potential difference. In other words, the potential differences in different regions of the first electrode group 141 and the second electrode group 142 are not completely the same. Along the edge of the light incident surface of the second liquid crystal layer 143 to the center of the light incident surface of the second liquid crystal layer 143, the director of the liquid crystal molecule 133 gradually deflects from the m direction to the n direction. Among them, the m direction is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the first polarized light, and the n direction is parallel to the polarization direction of the first polarized light. Both the m direction and the n direction are perpendicular to the polarization direction of the second polarized light 105.

[0095] Since the light incident surface and the light emitting surface of the second liquid crystal layer 143 are parallel to each other, the transmission direction of the second polarized light entering the second liquid crystal layer 143 and the transmission direction of the second polarized light leaving the second liquid crystal layer 143 remain unchanged.

[0096] like Figure 7aAs shown, at the center of the second liquid crystal layer 143, the liquid crystal molecules are arranged horizontally, at the edge of the second liquid crystal layer 143, the liquid crystal molecules are arranged vertically, and the angles of the other parts of the liquid crystal molecules smoothly transition from horizontal to vertical. For the first polarized light, the plurality of liquid crystal molecules 133 produce a gradient refractive index distribution, which is parabolic distribution. The light splitting modulation structure 130 acts as a convex lens to the first polarized light. When the display layer 110 plays a three-dimensional image, the viewer can watch the three-dimensional image. Since the m direction and the n direction are both perpendicular to the polarization direction of the second polarized light 105. The light splitting modulation structure 130 acts as a direct radiation element to the second polarized light 105. The light emitted from the light-transmitting portion 111 is not changed after passing through the light splitting modulation structure 130. The viewer can watch the object on the back of the display layer 110 through the light-transmitting portion 111.

[0097] in this way, Figure 7a The light splitting modulation structure 130 shown in FIG. 1 directly transmits the second polarized light to the first polarized light 201 (eg, Figure 5 The red polarized light 102, the green polarized light 103 and the blue polarized light 104 are deflected and emitted in different directions.

[0098] The embodiment of the present application does not limit the structure of the first electrode group 141 and the second electrode group 142. For example, the first electrode group 141 includes a plurality of conductive sheets, and the voltage received by the plurality of conductive sheets gradually decreases from the edge of the light incident surface of the second liquid crystal layer 143 to the center of the light incident surface of the second liquid crystal layer 143. The potential difference V2 between the first electrode group 141 and the second electrode group 142 is the third voltage.

[0099] It is understandable that in Figure 7a In the example shown, one second liquid crystal layer 143 may cover one or more pixel units 101. In other words, light emitted from one or more pixel units 101 may all pass through one second liquid crystal layer 143.

[0100] In some embodiments, the light splitting modulation structure 130 may include a plurality of second liquid crystal layers 143, a plurality of first electrode groups 141, and a plurality of second electrode groups 142. The second liquid crystal layers 143, the first electrode groups 141, and the second electrode groups 142 correspond to each other, and a plurality of liquid crystal molecules are filled in each second liquid crystal layer 143. In some embodiments, the plurality of second liquid crystal layers 143 may be interconnected, or the plurality of second liquid crystal layers 143 may be independent of each other.

[0101] and Figure 6d The same is true for the example in Figure 7aThe light splitting modulation structure 130 shown includes a second controller 139, which is used to control the potential difference V2 between the first electrode group 141 and the second electrode group 142 to be a third voltage. When the plurality of liquid crystal molecules 133 are at the third voltage, the display component 100 presents a three-dimensional image.

[0102] Similarly, when the second controller 139 controls the potential difference V2 between the first electrode group 141 and the second electrode group 142 to be the fourth voltage, the display component 100 presents a two-dimensional image. Figure 7b for Figure 7a A working state diagram of the light splitting modulation structure 130 is shown. Figure 7b In the embodiment, the second controller 139 controls the potential difference V2 between the first electrode group 141 and the second electrode group 142 to be a fourth voltage, the pointing vectors of each liquid crystal molecule are parallel, the spectroscopic modulation structure 130 behaves as a light-transmitting element for the first polarized light and the second polarized light, the spectroscopic modulation structure 130 does not change the transmission direction of the first polarized light and the second polarized light, the display component 100 presents a two-dimensional image, and the light emitted from the light-transmitting portion 111 is not changed after passing through the spectroscopic modulation structure 130, and the viewer can view the object on the back of the display layer 110 through the light-transmitting portion 111. Figure 7b In the example, the switching between the three-dimensional mode and the two-dimensional mode can also be achieved through the second controller 139.

[0103] The embodiment of the present application does not limit the magnitude of the fourth voltage. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the direction of the director of the liquid crystal molecule under the fourth voltage. For example, Figure 7b In the example, the director of each liquid crystal molecule is in the vertical direction. Or, Figure 7c for Figure 7a Another working state diagram of the light splitting modulation structure 130 is shown. Figure 7c In the embodiment, when the potential difference V2 is the fourth voltage, the director of each liquid crystal molecule is in the horizontal direction. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the director of each liquid crystal molecule may be tilted upward.

[0104] As described above, the polarization structure 120 obtains the first polarized light 201 from the light emitted by the light emitting device 112. The polarization structure 120 obtains the second polarized light 105 from the light emitted by the light-transmitting portion 111. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the structure of the polarization structure 120. Figure 8a and Figure 8b The polarization structure 120 for acquiring the first polarized light and the second polarized light 105 with polarization directions perpendicular to each other is described as an example.

[0105] Figure 8a This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the display layer 110 and a polarization structure 120 provided in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 8aThe polarization structure 120 includes a first polarizer 121 and a polarization converter 122 .

[0106] The first polarizer 121 covers the third polarized light 106 emitted from the part of the light emitting device 112, and covers the fourth polarized light 107 emitted from the part of the light-transmissive portion 111. It can be understood that the third polarized light 106 and the fourth polarized light 107 have the same polarization direction.

[0107] The polarization converter 122 may deflect the polarization direction of the polarized light, for example, by 90°.

[0108] In some embodiments, Figure 8a As shown, the polarization direction of the third polarized light 106 is the same as the polarization direction of the first polarized light 201. The projection of the polarization converter 122 on the surface of the display layer 110 overlaps with the light-transmitting portion 111, and the polarization converter 122 converts the fourth polarized light 107 into the second polarized light 105. In other words, the light emitted from the light-transmitting portion 111 passes through the first polarizer 121 and the polarization converter 122 in sequence and then emits the second polarized light 105.

[0109] The embodiment of the present application does not limit the structure of the polarization converter 122. For example, in some embodiments, the polarization converter 122 includes a 1 / 2 wave plate. The 1 / 2 wave plate is only for the fourth polarized light 107 to pass through, and the polarization direction of the fourth polarized light 107 is deflected by 90°, which has an effect on the third polarized light 106. Exemplarily, the projection of the 1 / 2 wave plate on the surface of the light-transmitting portion 111 overlaps with the light-transmitting portion 111.

[0110] Figure 8b This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the display layer 110 and another polarization structure 120 provided in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 8a and Figure 8b , Figure 8b and Figure 8a The difference lies in the structure of the polarization converter 122. Figure 8b In the embodiment, the polarization converter 122 is a twisted nematic (TN) liquid crystal layer. The twisted nematic liquid crystal layer can deflect the polarization direction of polarized light.

[0111] In some embodiments, the twisted nematic liquid crystal layer includes a first conductive substrate 123 , a second conductive substrate 124 , and a liquid crystal layer 125 . Figure 8b In the example of FIG. 1 , the liquid crystal layer 125 covers the entire display layer 110, and the projection of the first conductive substrate 123 on the surface of the display layer 110 covers the light emitting device 112 but does not cover the light-transmitting portion 111. The projection of the second conductive substrate 124 on the surface of the display layer 110 covers the light emitting device 112 but does not cover the light-transmitting portion 111.

[0112] When power is applied between the first conductive substrate 123 and the second conductive substrate 124, the portion of the liquid crystal layer 125 not covered by the first conductive substrate 123 and the second conductive substrate 124 is located outside the electric field, and the polarization direction of the incident polarized light (for example, the aforementioned fourth polarized light 107) passing through this portion is rotated by 90 degrees. The polarization direction of the incident polarized light (the aforementioned third polarized light 106) passing through the remaining portion remains unchanged, and polarized light with the same polarization state as the incident polarized light is still emitted. In this way, the twisted nematic liquid crystal layer can deflect the polarization direction of the fourth polarized light 107 to obtain the second polarized light 105. The polarization direction of the third polarized light 106 is not deflected.

[0113] In other embodiments of the present application, the twisted nematic liquid crystal layer may not be provided with the first conductive substrate 123 and the second conductive substrate 124. The liquid crystal layer 125 only covers the light-transmitting portion 111.

[0114] It is understandable that the polarization direction of the fourth polarized light 107 emitted by the first polarizer 121 may be the same as the polarization direction of the second polarized light 105. The polarization direction of the third polarized light 106 is different from the polarization direction of the first polarized light. In this way, the polarization converter 122 converts the third polarized light 106 into the first polarized light.

[0115] Figure 8c This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the display layer 110 and another polarization structure 120 provided in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 8a and Figure 8c , Figure 8a and Figure 8c The difference is that Figure 8c The polarization direction of the first polarizer 121 and Figure 8a The polarization directions of the first polarizers 121 are perpendicular to each other. The polarization direction of the fourth polarized light 107 emitted by the first polarizer 121 is the same as the polarization direction of the second polarized light 105 .

[0116] Figure 8c In the example of FIG. 1 , a projection of the polarization converter 122 on the surface of the display layer 110 overlaps with the light emitting device 112 , and the polarization converter 122 converts the third polarized light 106 into the first polarized light. Figure 8c In the embodiment, the polarization converter 122 is a 1 / 2 wave plate.

[0117] and Figure 8a Similarly, Figure 8c The polarization structure 120 in the example can obtain the first polarized light 201 from the light emitted by the light emitting device 112 and obtain the second polarized light 105 from the light emitted by the light-transmitting portion 111 .

[0118] Figure 8dThis is a schematic diagram of the structure of the display layer 110 and another polarization structure 120 provided in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 8d and Figure 8c , Figure 8d and Figure 8c The difference is that Figure 8d The polarization converter 122 in FIG. 1 is a twisted nematic liquid crystal layer.

[0119] and Figure 8b on the contrary, Figure 8d In the embodiment, the twisted nematic liquid crystal layer includes a first conductive substrate 123 and a second conductive substrate 124. The projection of the first conductive substrate 123 on the surface of the display layer 110 covers the light-transmitting portion 111 but does not cover the light-emitting device 112. The projection of the second conductive substrate 124 on the surface of the display layer 110 covers the light-transmitting portion 111 but does not cover the light-emitting device 112. For the rest of the description, please refer to Figure 8b The examples are not repeated here.

[0120] In some embodiments, in order to reduce the reflection of the light emitting device 112, the display effect of the display assembly 100 is improved. Figure 8a , Figure 8b , Figure 8c as well as Figure 8d As shown, the display component 100 also includes a 1 / 4 wave plate 150, and the 1 / 4 wave plate 150 is located between the polarization structure 120 and the light-emitting device 112. Exemplarily, the 1 / 4 wave plate 150 is in contact with and connected to the light-emitting surface of the light-emitting device 112. Since the 1 / 4 wave plate 150 can change the polarization direction of linearly polarized light, when the light passes through the light-splitting modulation structure 130 and the polarization structure 120 from the light-emitting side of the display component 100 to become linearly polarized light, the linearly polarized light is deflected by the 1 / 4 wave plate 150. In this way, the 1 / 4 wave plate 150 can reduce the reflection effect of the electrode of the light-emitting device 112 on external light. The aforementioned external light includes light propagating from the light-emitting side of the display component 100 to the light-emitting surface of the light-emitting device 112.

[0121] Since the 1 / 4 wave plate can change the polarization direction of linear polarized light, it can directly transmit natural light. Figure 8a , Figure 8b , Figure 8c as well as Figure 8d As shown, the 1 / 4 wave plate can also be in contact with and connected to the light-emitting surface of the light-transmitting portion 111. In other words, the 1 / 4 wave plate can indiscriminately cover the entire display layer 110, so that the assembly accuracy requirement of the 1 / 4 wave plate is low and the assembly cost is relatively low. It can be understood that in other embodiments of the present application, the 1 / 4 wave plate 150 can only cover the light-emitting surface of the light-emitting device 112.

[0122] The method of obtaining the second polarized light 105 and the first polarized light is not limited to Figure 8aThe polarization structure 120 shown in FIG. can be obtained by other structures, for example, the second polarizer polarizes the light emitted by the light emitting device, and the incident light passes through the polarizing component and the light-transmitting portion to emit the second polarized light. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the structure of the polarizing component, for example, Figure 9a In the embodiment, the polarizing assembly includes a third polarizer 170, or Figure 9b In the embodiment, the polarizing assembly includes two 1 / 4 wave plates 150 and a third polarizer 170. Figure 9a and Figure 9b .

[0123] Figure 9a A schematic diagram of the decomposed structure of another display layer 110 provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 9a The structure of the display layer 110 can be found in Figure 3 Description in . Figure 9a For the structure of the light splitting modulation structure 130, please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 The description of the example shown is not repeated here.

[0124] Figure 9a In the embodiment, the display assembly 100 includes a second polarizer 160 and a third polarizer 170. The second polarizer 160 is connected to the light-emitting side of the light-emitting device 112. The second polarizer 160 emits a first polarized light 201. Exemplarily, the light emitted by the light-emitting device 112 is polarized by the second polarizer 160 to obtain the first polarized light 201. The light-transmitting portion 111 is connected to the third polarizer 170, and the incident light (e.g. Figure 2 The light reflected by the object 12) passes through the third polarizer 170 and the light-transmitting portion 111 and then emits the second polarized light 105.

[0125] exist Figure 9a In the example of FIG. 1 , the second polarizer 160 and the third polarizer 170 are both linear polarizers. The polarization directions of the second polarizer 160 and the third polarizer 170 are perpendicular to each other.

[0126] Figure 9a In the example, the second polarizer 160 only polarizes the light emitted by the light-emitting device 112, and the third polarizer 170 only polarizes the light that needs to be incident on the light-transmitting portion 111. The second polarizer 160 covers the light-emitting surface of the light-emitting device 112 and does not cover the light-emitting surface of the light-transmitting portion 111. Since the light-emitting device 112 has an electrode on the side away from the light-emitting surface, the electrode will block ambient light (such as sunlight) from entering the light-emitting device 112. In addition, the polarization directions of the second polarizer 160 and the third polarizer 170 are perpendicular to each other, which will block ambient light from being emitted from the light-emitting device 112. Therefore, the third polarizer 170 can indiscriminately cover the light-emitting device 112 and the light-transmitting portion 111. The assembly accuracy of the third polarizer 170 is low.

[0127] Figure 9a In the example of , the polarization direction of the polarized light emitted by the third polarizer 170 is the same as the polarization direction of the second polarized light 105. In other embodiments, the polarization direction of the polarized light emitted by the third polarizer 170 may be different from the polarization direction of the second polarized light 105. For example, the polarized light emitted by the third polarizer 170 may be deflected to obtain the aforementioned second polarized light 105.

[0128] Figure 9b A schematic diagram of the exploded structure of another display assembly 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 9a and Figure 9b The difference is that the display assembly 100 further includes two 1 / 4 wave plates 150. In area 9b, the polarization directions of the second polarizer 160 and the third polarizer 170 are parallel to each other.

[0129] One quarter wave plate 150 is located between the third polarizer 170 and the display layer 110 . Another quarter wave plate 150 is located between the light emitting device 112 and the second polarizer 160 .

[0130] The ambient light is incident on the third polarizer 170, and the polarized light emitted by the third polarizer 170 passes through a quarter wave plate 150, a light-transmitting portion 111, and another quarter wave plate 150 in sequence to obtain the second polarized light 105. A quarter wave plate 150 can convert linear polarized light into circular polarized light, and the circular polarized light is converted into linear polarized light after passing through another quarter wave plate 150, and the polarization directions of the linear polarized light before and after passing through the quarter wave plate 150 are perpendicular to each other. In other words, the polarization direction of the linear polarized light is deflected by 90° after passing through two quarter wave plates 150 in sequence.

[0131] Since light without a specific polarization direction (such as Figure 9b The light emitted by the light emitting device 112 will directly pass through the 1 / 4 wave plate 150, and the 1 / 4 wave plate 150 has no effect on the polarization direction of the polarized light emitted by the third polarizer 170. The 1 / 4 wave plate 150 can reduce the reflection effect of the electrode of the light emitting device 112 on the external light. Figure 9b In the example, both quarter wave plates 150 can cover the entire display layer 110 indiscriminately, and the assembly precision of the quarter wave plates 150 is low, which has the advantage of low assembly cost.

[0132] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A display component, It is characterized in that The display assembly comprises: The display layer includes a light-transmitting portion and a light-emitting device connected to each other; a polarization structure, wherein the polarization structure is located at the light-emitting side of the display layer, the portion of the polarization structure covering the light-emitting device is used to emit a first polarized light, and the portion of the polarization structure covering the light-transmitting portion is used to emit a second polarized light; the transmission direction of the first polarized light is a first direction; the transmission direction of the second polarized light is a second direction; the polarization direction of the first polarized light is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the second polarized light; and A splitting modulation structure, wherein the splitting modulation structure is located at the light output side of the polarization structure; the splitting modulation structure is used to emit the first polarized light whose transmission direction is a third direction; and is also used to emit the second polarized light whose transmission direction is the second direction; the first direction and the third direction are different.

2. The display assembly according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The light splitting modulation structure comprises a first liquid crystal layer and a modulation layer; the polarization structure, the first liquid crystal layer and the modulation layer are stacked in sequence away from the display layer, or the polarization structure, the modulation layer and the first liquid crystal layer are stacked in sequence away from the display layer; The surface of the first liquid crystal layer facing the modulation layer is a first curved surface, the surface of the modulation layer facing the first liquid crystal layer is a second curved surface, and the first curved surface is bonded to the second curved surface; The refractive index of the modulation layer is the same as the ordinary light refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules of the first liquid crystal layer; the polarization direction of the first polarized light is parallel to the director of the liquid crystal molecules of the first liquid crystal layer; or, the refractive index of the modulation layer is the same as the extraordinary light refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules of the first liquid crystal layer, and the polarization direction of the first polarized light is perpendicular to the director of the liquid crystal molecules of the first liquid crystal layer.

3. The display assembly according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The light splitting modulation structure further includes a first electrode and a second electrode, wherein the first electrode and the second electrode are respectively located at a light emitting side and a light incident side of the first liquid crystal layer; If the potential difference between the first electrode and the second electrode is a first voltage, the polarization direction of the first polarized light is parallel to the director of the liquid crystal molecules of the first liquid crystal layer; If the potential difference between the first electrode and the second electrode is a second voltage, the polarization directions of the first polarized light and the second polarized light are both perpendicular to the directors of the liquid crystal molecules of the first liquid crystal layer; and the second voltage is greater than the first voltage.

4. The display assembly according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The light splitting modulation structure includes a first electrode group, a second liquid crystal layer and a second electrode group; the first electrode group includes a plurality of electrically isolated conductive plates, the light incident surface and the light emitting surface of the second liquid crystal layer are parallel to each other; the light incident surface of the second liquid crystal layer faces the polarization structure.

5. The display assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 4, It is characterized in that The polarization structure comprises a first polarizer and a polarization converter; the polarization converter and the first polarizer are stacked along a side away from the display layer; The portion of the light emitting device covered by the first polarizer is used to emit third polarized light, and the portion of the light transmitting portion covered by the first polarizer is used to emit fourth polarized light; The third polarized light has the same polarization direction as the first polarized light, the projection of the polarization converter on the surface of the display layer overlaps with the light-transmitting portion, and the polarization converter is used to convert the fourth polarized light into the second polarized light; or, the fourth polarized light has the same polarization direction as the second polarized light, the projection of the polarization converter on the surface of the display layer overlaps with the light-emitting device, and the polarization converter is used to convert the third polarized light into the first polarized light.

6. The display assembly according to claim 5, It is characterized in that The polarization converter includes a twisted nematic liquid crystal layer.

7. The display assembly according to claim 5, It is characterized in that The polarization converter includes a 1 / 2 wave plate.

8. The display assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 7, It is characterized in that The display assembly further includes: a first 1 / 4 wave plate, wherein the first 1 / 4 wave plate is located between the light emitting device and the polarization structure.

9. A display component, It is characterized in that The display assembly comprises: The display layer includes a light-transmitting portion and a light-emitting device connected to each other; A second polarizer, the second polarizer is located at the light emitting side of the light emitting device and is used to emit a first polarized light; the transmission direction of the first polarized light is a first direction; a polarizing component, wherein the incident light emits a second polarized light after passing through the polarizing component and the light-transmitting portion; the transmission direction of the second polarized light is a second direction; the polarization direction of the first polarized light is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the second polarized light; and A light splitting modulation structure, wherein the light splitting modulation structure is located at the light output side of the display layer; the light splitting modulation structure is used to emit the first polarized light having a third transmission direction; and is also used to emit the second polarized light having a second transmission direction; the first direction and the third direction are different.

10. The display assembly according to claim 9, It is characterized in that The polarizing component includes a third polarizer, and the third polarizer is located at the light incident side of the light-transmitting portion.

11. The display assembly according to claim 9, It is characterized in that The polarizing assembly includes a fourth polarizer, a second quarter wave plate and a third quarter wave plate; the second quarter wave plate and the fourth polarizer are stacked in sequence close to the display layer, the third quarter wave plate is located between the second polarizer and the display layer, and the third quarter wave plate covers the light-transmitting portion and the light-emitting device; the incident light passes through the fourth polarizer, the light-transmitting portion of the second quarter wave plate and the third quarter wave plate in sequence, and then emits the second polarized light.

12. A display device, It is characterized in that The display device comprises: a processor and a display component according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the processor is used to send image data to the display component.

13. A vehicle, It is characterized in that The vehicle comprises: a vehicle frame and the display device according to claim 12, wherein the display device is connected to the vehicle frame.

Images