A method for polyculture of shrimp and turtles

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for shrimp and turtle polyculture, relating to the field of aquaculture technology, including: S1 selecting a flat-bottomed pond with little siltation and setting up escape prevention facilities around the pond; S2 stocking freshwater shrimp and Chinese soft-shelled turtles; S3 setting up separate feeding areas for freshwater shrimp and Chinese soft-shelled turtles in the same pond; S4 water quality adjustment; S5 conducting pond inspections once in the morning and once in the evening every day to handle emergencies; This invention, through the shrimp and turtle polyculture model, can make three-dimensional use of the entire aquaculture pond space. Turtles typically crawl on the bottom of the pond, while shrimp typically swim in the water, thus making reasonable use of the three-dimensional space of the aquaculture pond and improving the utilization rate of aquaculture space.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, and particularly relates to a breeding method for mixed culture of shrimps and soft-shelled turtles. BACKGROUND

[0002] The freshwater shrimp is one of freshwater shrimps with high economic value, has the characteristics of fast growth and reproduction, large individual, short breeding cycle and strong vitality. The shrimp meat is rich in 20% protein, is several times or even dozens of times of fish, egg and milk, has low fat content, and is rich in trace elements such as zinc, potassium and phosphorus, and is the most popular variety in the water product market. Therefore, the breeding scale of the freshwater shrimp is becoming larger and larger.

[0003] However, in order to pursue high yield of the freshwater shrimp, the density is large and the bait input is high in artificial breeding, which causes water quality deterioration, and further leads to outbreak of pathogenic microorganisms, thereby affecting the yield of the freshwater shrimp, increasing the production cost and reducing the production benefit.

[0004] And in the prior art, antibiotics and the like are used to prevent and treat diseases of the freshwater shrimp. However, due to continuous cropping of the shrimp pond, the harmful microorganisms are planted and the microbial drug resistance is enhanced, so that the prevention and treatment effect is not ideal, and a series of problems are caused to subsequent production and management, and antibiotic residues in the freshwater shrimp body cause great negative influence on human health.

[0005] The existing ecological breeding mode of the freshwater shrimp mainly includes rice-freshwater shrimp, river crab-freshwater shrimp and fish-freshwater shrimp ecological co-cultivation modes, but the co-cultivation effect is not obvious, and the general conventional feed is usually used for feeding, which easily leads to slow growth and development of both of the co-cultivated shrimps and turtles, greatly prolongs the whole breeding cycle, and reduces the economic benefit.

[0006] Therefore, the present application provides a breeding method for mixed culture of shrimps and soft-shelled turtles to solve the technical problems in the prior art. SUMMARY

[0007] The present application aims to provide a breeding method for mixed culture of shrimps and soft-shelled turtles to solve the technical problems in the prior art.

[0008] The technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows:

[0009] A breeding method for mixed culture of shrimps and soft-shelled turtles, comprising:

[0010] S1 selecting a flat-bottomed and less-silted pond, setting up an anti-escape facility around the pond, and setting up a single water inlet and outlet pipeline and a 3-kilowatt impeller type oxygenator in each pond;

[0011] S2 breeding the freshwater shrimp and the Chinese soft-shelled turtle, the stocking amount of the freshwater shrimp fry is 50,000 to 55,000 per mu, and the stocking amount of the Chinese soft-shelled turtle is 80 to 120 per mu, and the weight of the Chinese soft-shelled turtle is 100 to 300 g per individual when being bred.

[0012] S3 setting feeding area of Chinese soft-shelled turtle and Chinese mitten crab respectively in the same pond;

[0013] Wherein, when feeding shrimps, the basic feed and the supplementary material are mixed in the proportion of 10:0.5-1 by weight, and the shrimps are fed once in the morning and once in the evening, and the feeding amount in the evening accounts for 60% of the total feeding amount;

[0014] When feeding Chinese soft-shelled turtles, the basic feed and the supplementary material are mixed in the proportion of 10:3-4 by weight, and the Chinese soft-shelled turtles are fed in the morning and in the afternoon, and the feeding amount in the morning accounts for 45% of the total feeding amount, and the feeding amount in the afternoon accounts for 55% of the total feeding amount;

[0015] S4 water quality adjustment; algae are cultivated during the low-temperature breeding period, and 5 kg of algae seeds are put per mu, and the algae seeds are put once every 5 days;

[0016] Algae are cultivated during the high-temperature breeding period, and 2 kg of algae seeds are put per mu, and the algae seeds are put once every 7 days; the algae seeds are one or more of Chlorella, filamentous algae, Pediastrum, Cyclotella, Stigeoclonium, Nitzschia, Microcystis and fishy algae;

[0017] S5 checking the pond once a day in the morning and in the evening to handle unexpected situations.

[0018] As a further technical solution: the basic feed is made of the following ingredients by weight:

[0019] 20-25 parts of fish meal, 12-15 parts of soybean meal, 12-15 parts of peanut meal, 1-2 parts of silkworm chrysalis, 35-40 parts of corn meal, 0.3-0.6 parts of vegetable oil, 1-1.8 parts of seaweed powder, 0.8-1.2 parts of mineral substances, and 1-1.5 parts of vitamins;

[0020] Wherein, the soybean meal and the peanut meal are mixed in the weight ratio of 1:1;

[0021] The seaweed powder is made of black algae, Sargassum and fishy algae;

[0022] Wherein, the black algae, Sargassum and fishy algae are mixed in the mass ratio of 1:3:4;

[0023] The supplementary material includes 18-20 parts of fish meal and 1-1.5 parts of adjusting aids by weight.

[0024] As a further technical solution: the adjusting aid is prepared by the following method:

[0025] First, γ-aminobutyric acid, plant volatile oil, ethyl-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride and hydroxysuccinimide are stirred and mixed to obtain a mixture;

[0026] The prepared mixture is added to the MES buffer, stirred at room temperature for 30 min, then the pH of the reaction system is adjusted to 5.0, and the stirring reaction is continued for 2 hours to obtain a first reaction liquid;

[0027] The reaction liquid is moved into a vacuum reaction kettle, then 2000 Da chitooligosaccharide is added to the vacuum reaction kettle, the temperature is adjusted to 40°C, and the stirring is kept for 30 hours to obtain a second reaction liquid;

[0028] The second reaction liquid is subjected to dialysis treatment, distilled water is added to the dialysis bag every 5 hours during dialysis, the distilled water is added at a volume ratio of 50%, and the dialysis treatment is continued for 4 days, and then dried to obtain an adjusting aid.

[0029] As a further technical solution: the mixing mass ratio of γ-aminobutyric acid, plant volatile oil, ethyl-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride and hydroxy succinimide is 1:3:1:3;

[0030] The mixing ratio of the mixture and the MES buffer is 30-40g:100mL;

[0031] The concentration of the MES buffer is 0.15M, and the pH is 6.0.

[0032] As a further technical solution: the vacuum degree in the vacuum reaction kettle is 0.1Pa.

[0033] As a further technical solution: the molecular weight cut-off of the dialysis bag is 200Da.

[0034] As a further technical solution: the preparation method of the plant volatile oil is:

[0035] The grape seeds and large fruit litsea are respectively placed in a drying box for drying treatment to obtain dried grape seeds and large fruit litsea;

[0036] The grape seeds and large fruit litsea are respectively crushed to obtain grape seed powder and large fruit litsea powder;

[0037] The grape seed powder and large fruit litsea powder are uniformly mixed to obtain a mixed powder;

[0038] 120g of the mixed powder and 350mL of petroleum ether are taken, and extracted in a microwave extraction device for 10min, and after cooling to room temperature, a first plant volatile oil and a filter residue are obtained;

[0039] The filter residue and 350mL of petroleum ether are mixed again, and extracted in a microwave extraction device for 10min to collect a second plant volatile oil;

[0040] The first volatile oil and the second volatile oil are mixed to obtain a plant volatile oil;

[0041] The mass ratio of grape seed powder and large fruit litsea cubeba powder is 1:2.

[0042] The microwave power is 550W during extraction.

[0043] As a further technical solution: the mineral is composed of manganese sulfate, calcium hydrogen phosphate, ferric citrate, zinc chloride and sodium chloride;

[0044] The mass ratio of manganese sulfate, calcium hydrogen phosphate, ferric citrate, zinc chloride and sodium chloride is 1:3:1:1:5.

[0045] As a further technical solution: the vitamin is composed of vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E and vitamin B12.

[0046] The mass ratio of vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E and vitamin B12 is 2:1:1:1.5.

[0047] As a further technical solution, the total amount of daily feed for shrimps accounts for 3±0.2% of the body weight of shrimps.

[0048] The total amount of daily feed for soft-shelled turtles accounts for 5±0.3% of the body weight of shrimps. Beneficial effects

[0049] The shrimp-turtle mixed culture mode can utilize the entire culture pond space in three dimensions, and the turtles usually crawl on the bottom of the pond, while the shrimps usually swim in the water, so that the three-dimensional space of the culture pond can be reasonably utilized, and the utilization rate of the culture space is improved.

[0050] Meanwhile, the culture density of shrimps and turtles can be reasonably adjusted according to the actual size of the culture pond, so as to be conducive to the growth of shrimps and turtles respectively, and through the special feed prepared by the present application, the growth and development of shrimps and turtles can be promoted, the resistance of shrimps and turtles can be improved, the morbidity can be reduced, and the mortality can be reduced, thereby ensuring the yield of shrimps and turtles respectively.

[0051] Through shrimp-turtle mixed culture, the sick shrimps and dead shrimps can be eaten by turtles, so as to effectively cut off the disease source of sick shrimps and dead shrimps, avoid the transmission of diseases from sick shrimps and dead shrimps to normal shrimps, effectively reduce the morbidity of shrimps, and provide a more abundant source of protein for turtles, thereby improving the resistance of turtles and promoting the growth and development of turtles.

[0052] Shrimp-turtle mixed culture can utilize the complementary advantages between shrimps and turtles, and the special feed prepared by the present application can not only fully utilize the water space, but also can grow and develop rapidly respectively.

[0053] In the shrimp and turtle mixed culture special feed of the present application, the introduced fish meal serves as a high-quality animal protein source and contains abundant essential amino acids, which can significantly promote the growth of shrimp and turtles; soybean meal is a commonly used plant protein source, which has high protein content and relatively low price, and is suitable for large-scale use; in addition, silkworm chrysalis, as a high-protein insect resource, can also provide high-quality protein and promote the growth and development of shrimp and turtles.

[0054] In the shrimp and turtle mixed culture special feed, corn meal is mainly used as the source of carbohydrates, and through the use of high-quality carbohydrates, not only can sufficient energy be provided for shrimp and turtles, but also the palatability of the feed can be improved, and the feeding rate of shrimp and turtles can be improved.

[0055] Minerals and vitamins are trace nutrients necessary for the growth of shrimp and turtles, and the addition of minerals and vitamins in the shrimp and turtle mixed culture special feed can meet the needs of normal physiological metabolism of shrimp and turtles, and improve their immunity and disease resistance.

[0056] Through the introduction of the prepared conditioning agent, not only can the attractiveness of the feed be increased and the feeding rate of shrimp and turtles be improved, but also various physiological functions such as promoting muscle cell proliferation, increasing bile volume, and reducing fat deposition can be achieved; most importantly, the conditioning agent also contains immunologically active substances, through which not only antibacterial and antiviral effects can be achieved, but also the immune function of the body can be regulated; the immunologically active substances can stimulate the immune system of shrimp and turtles, improve the activity and quantity of immune cells, and greatly improve the resistance of shrimp and turtles; at the same time, the conditioning agent can also improve the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), alkaline phosphatase (AKP), and other enzymes in serum, further strengthen the antioxidant capacity and non-specific immune function of the body of shrimp and turtles, and greatly reduce the morbidity and mortality.

[0057] Through the introduction of algae, on the one hand, the water quality of aquaculture can be greatly improved, and on the other hand, oxygen supply is essential for the survival and growth metabolism of shrimp and turtles, and the photosynthesis of algae can provide sufficient oxygen for the survival and growth metabolism of shrimp and turtles; algae can purify the water quality of aquaculture, adsorb harmful substances, and in addition, the reproduction of algae can consume excessive ammonia nitrogen in the sediment, thereby purifying the water quality, maintaining long-term stability of the water quality, and ensuring the growth of shrimp and turtles.

[0058] Through the introduction of the conditioning agent, almost every time of feeding can be eaten by shrimp and turtles, so that the situation that the water quality environment is greatly reduced due to excessive feed can be effectively prevented. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0059] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below. Apparently, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0060] A shrimp and soft-shelled turtle mixed culture method, comprising:

[0061] S1, a flat-bottomed and less-silted pond is selected, and escape-preventing facilities are arranged around the pond, and each pond is provided with a separate water inlet and outlet pipeline and a 3-kilowatt impeller type oxygenator;

[0062] S2, the juvenile Chinese mitten crab and the soft-shelled turtle are raised, the juvenile Chinese mitten crab is raised at a quantity of 50,000 to 55,000 per mu, and the soft-shelled turtle is raised at a quantity of 80 to 120 per mu, and the weight of the soft-shelled turtle is 100 to 300 g per individual when being raised;

[0063] S3, the feeding area of the juvenile Chinese mitten crab and the soft-shelled turtle is arranged in the same pond;

[0064] In the feeding of the shrimp, the base feed and the supplementary feed are mixed at a mass ratio of 10:0.5-1, and the feeding is carried out once in the morning and once in the evening every day, and the feeding amount in the evening accounts for 65% of the total feeding amount in a day;

[0065] In the feeding of the soft-shelled turtle, the base feed and the supplementary feed are mixed at a mass ratio of 10:3-4, and the feeding is carried out in the morning and in the afternoon, and the feeding in the morning accounts for 45% of the total feeding amount in a day, and the feeding in the afternoon accounts for 55% of the total feeding amount in a day;

[0066] S4, water quality regulation; algae are cultivated during the low-temperature culture period, and the algae seeds are added at a quantity of 5 kg per mu, and the algae seeds are added once every 7 days;

[0067] Algae are cultivated during the high-temperature culture period, and the algae seeds are added at a quantity of 2 kg per mu, and the algae seeds are added once every 7 days; the algae seeds are one or more of Chlorella, Anabaena, Scenedesmus, Cyclotella, Stigeoclava, Nitzschia, Microcystis and Atrophy;

[0068] S5, the pond is inspected once every day in the morning and in the evening, and the sudden situation is handled;

[0069] The base feed is prepared from the following ingredients in parts by weight:

[0070] 20-25 parts of fish meal, 12-15 parts of soybean meal, 12-15 parts of peanut meal, 1-2 parts of silkworm chrysalis, 35-40 parts of corn meal, 0.3-0.6 parts of vegetable oil, 1-1.8 parts of seaweed powder, 0.8-1.2 parts of mineral substances, and 1-1.5 parts of vitamins;

[0071] The soybean meal and the peanut meal are mixed at a weight ratio of 1:1.

[0072] The seaweed powder is made of mixed black algae, sargassum and fishy algae;

[0073] The mass ratio of the mixed black algae, sargassum and fishy algae is 1:3:4;

[0074] The supplementary material includes, by weight parts, fish meal 18-20 parts, adjusting aid 1-1.5 parts.

[0075] The adjusting aid preparation method is:

[0076] First, γ-aminobutyric acid, plant volatile oil, ethyl-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride and hydroxysuccinimide are stirred and mixed to obtain a mixed material;

[0077] The prepared mixed material is added to the MES buffer solution, stirred for 30 min at room temperature, then the pH of the reaction system is adjusted to 5.0, and the stirring reaction is continued for 2 hours to obtain a first reaction liquid;

[0078] The reaction liquid is moved into a vacuum reaction kettle, then 2000 Da chitosan is added to the vacuum reaction kettle, the temperature is adjusted to 40℃, and the stirring incubation is continued for 30 hours to obtain a second reaction liquid;

[0079] The second reaction liquid is dialyzed, and distilled water is added to the dialysis bag with a molecular weight cut-off of 200 Da every 5 hours during dialysis, the distilled water is added at a volume ratio of 50%, and the dialysis treatment is continued for 4 days, and then dried to obtain the adjusting aid.

[0080] The mass ratio of γ-aminobutyric acid, plant volatile oil, ethyl-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride and hydroxysuccinimide is 1:3:1:3;

[0081] The mixing ratio of the mixed material and the MES buffer solution is 30-40g:100mL;

[0082] The concentration of the MES buffer solution is 0.15M, and the pH is 6.0.

[0083] The vacuum degree in the vacuum reaction kettle is 0.1Pa.

[0084] The plant volatile oil preparation method is:

[0085] The grape seeds and Litsea cubeba are dried in a drying oven to obtain dried grape seeds and Litsea cubeba;

[0086] The grape seeds and Litsea cubeba are crushed respectively to obtain grape seed powder and Litsea cubeba powder;

[0087] Mixing the grape seed powder and Litsea cubeba powder evenly to obtain mixed powder;

[0088] Taking 120g of the mixed powder and 350mL of petroleum ether, extracting in a microwave extraction device for 10min, and obtaining the first plant volatile oil and filter residue after cooling to room temperature;

[0089] Mixing the filter residue and 350mL of petroleum ether again, extracting in a microwave extraction device for 10min, and collecting the second plant volatile oil;

[0090] Mixing the first volatile oil and the second volatile oil to obtain the plant volatile oil;

[0091] The mass ratio of the grape seed powder and the Litsea cubeba powder is 1:2.

[0092] The microwave power during extraction is 550W.

[0093] The minerals are composed of manganese sulfate, calcium hydrogen phosphate, ferric citrate, zinc chloride and sodium chloride;

[0094] The mass ratio of the manganese sulfate, the calcium hydrogen phosphate, the ferric citrate, the zinc chloride and the sodium chloride is 1:3:1:1:5.

[0095] The vitamins are composed of vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E and vitamin B12;

[0096] The mass ratio of the vitamin A, the vitamin D, the vitamin E and the vitamin B12 is 2:1:1:1.5.

[0097] The total amount of the daily feed for the shrimps accounts for 3±0.2% of the weight of the shrimps;

[0098] The total amount of the daily feed for the turtles accounts for 5±0.3% of the weight of the shrimps.

[0099] The following is a specific embodiment: Embodiment 1

[0100] A shrimp-turtle mixed culture method, comprising:

[0101] S1 selecting a flat-bottomed and less-silted pond, setting up an anti-escape facility around the pond, and setting up a single water inlet and outlet pipeline and a 3kW impeller type oxygenator in each pond;

[0102] S2 breeding the Chinese mitten crabs and the Chinese soft-shelled turtles, breeding the Chinese mitten crabs at a density of 5.5 million per mu, and breeding the Chinese soft-shelled turtles at a density of about 121 per mu, and the average weight of each Chinese soft-shelled turtle is about 227g;

[0103] S3 setting up a feeding area for the Chinese mitten crabs and the Chinese soft-shelled turtles in the same pond;

[0104] The shrimp is fed by mixing the basic feed and the supplement at a mass ratio of 10:0.5, and feeding once in the morning and once in the evening every day, wherein the feeding amount in the evening accounts for 60% of the total feeding amount in a day.

[0105] The Chinese soft-shelled turtles are fed by mixing the basic feed and the supplement at a mass ratio of 10:3, and feeding in the morning and the afternoon, wherein the feeding amount in the morning accounts for 45% of the total feeding amount in a day, and the feeding amount in the afternoon accounts for 55% of the total feeding amount in a day.

[0106] S4 water quality adjustment; algae is cultivated during the low-temperature breeding period, and 5 kg of algae seeds are put per mu, and the algae seeds are put once every 7 days;

[0107] Algae is cultivated during the high-temperature breeding period, and 2 kg of algae seeds are put per mu, and the algae seeds are put once every 7 days; the algae seeds are Chlorella vulgaris;

[0108] S5 daily morning and evening pond inspection is performed once, and emergent conditions are handled;

[0109] The basic feed is made of the following components:

[0110] 20 kg of fish meal, 12 kg of soybean meal, 12 kg of peanut meal, 1 kg of silkworm chrysalis, 35 kg of corn meal, 0.3 kg of vegetable oil, 1 kg of seaweed powder, 0.8 kg of mineral substances, and 1 kg of vitamins;

[0111] The soybean meal and the peanut meal are mixed at a weight ratio of 1:1;

[0112] The seaweed powder is made of black algae, Sargassum and fishy algae;

[0113] The black algae, Sargassum and fishy algae are mixed at a mass ratio of 1:3:4;

[0114] The supplement includes 18 kg of fish meal and 1 kg of adjustment aid.

[0115] The total amount of the feed for the shrimp is 3±0.2% of the weight of the shrimp;

[0116] The total amount of the feed for the turtle is 5±0.3% of the weight of the turtle. Embodiment 2

[0117] A shrimp-turtle mixed breeding method, comprising:

[0118] S1 a flat-bottomed and less-silted pond is selected, and escape-preventing facilities are arranged around the pond, and each pond is provided with a separate water inlet and outlet pipeline and a 3-kilowatt impeller type oxygenator;

[0119] S2 the Chinese soft-shelled turtles and the Macrobrachium are bred, the Macrobrachium fry is bred at a quantity of 55-55.5 thousand per mu, and the Chinese soft-shelled turtles are bred at a quantity of about 103 per mu, and the average weight of the Chinese soft-shelled turtles is about 146 g per turtle when being bred;

[0120] S3 setting the feeding area of the Chinese soft-shelled turtle and the freshwater prawn respectively in the same pond;

[0121] Wherein, the basic feed and the supplementary material are mixed in the mass ratio of 10:0.6, and then fed once in the morning and evening every day, wherein the feeding amount in the evening accounts for 60% of the total feeding amount in a day;

[0122] The basic feed and the supplementary material are mixed in the mass ratio of 10:3.2, and then fed in the morning and the afternoon, wherein the feeding amount in the morning accounts for 45% of the total feeding amount in a day, and the feeding amount in the afternoon accounts for 55% of the total feeding amount in a day;

[0123] S4 water quality adjustment; algae are cultivated during the low-temperature breeding period, and 5 kg of algae seeds are put per mu, and the algae seeds are put once every 7 days;

[0124] Algae are cultivated during the high-temperature breeding period, and 2 kg of algae seeds are put per mu, and the algae seeds are put once every 7 days; the algae seeds are Chlorella vulgaris;

[0125] S5 checking the pond once a day in the morning and evening to handle unexpected situations;

[0126] The basic feed is made of the following ingredients:

[0127] 22 kg of fish meal, 13 kg of soybean meal, 13 kg of peanut meal, 1.2 kg of silkworm chrysalis, 36 kg of corn meal, 0.4 kg of vegetable oil, 1.2 kg of seaweed powder, 0.9 kg of mineral substances, and 1.2 kg of vitamins;

[0128] The soybean meal and the peanut meal are mixed in the weight ratio of 1:1;

[0129] The seaweed powder is made of black algae, Sargassum and fishy algae;

[0130] The black algae, Sargassum and fishy algae are mixed in the mass ratio of 1:3:4;

[0131] The supplementary material includes 19 kg of fish meal and 1.2 kg of adjusting aids;

[0132] The total amount of the feed for the prawn is 3±0.2% of the body weight of the prawn per day;

[0133] The total amount of the feed for the turtle is 5±0.3% of the body weight of the turtle per day. Embodiment 3

[0134] A breeding method for prawn-turtle mixed breeding, comprising:

[0135] S1 selecting a flat-bottomed and less-silted pond, setting up anti-escape facilities around the pond, and setting up a single inlet and outlet pipeline and a 3-kilowatt impeller type oxygenator in each pond;

[0136] S2 stocking the Chinese soft-shelled turtles and the freshwater prawns in the same pond, the stocking amount of the freshwater prawns is 55-55.5 thousand per mu, and the stocking amount of the Chinese soft-shelled turtles is about 145 per mu, and the average weight of the Chinese soft-shelled turtles is about 279 g per turtle when stocking;

[0137] S3 setting the feeding area of the freshwater prawns and the Chinese soft-shelled turtles in the same pond respectively;

[0138] The feeding of the freshwater prawns is carried out once in the morning and once in the evening every day, and the feeding amount in the evening accounts for 60% of the total feeding amount in a day.

[0139] The feeding of the Chinese soft-shelled turtles is carried out in the morning and in the afternoon, and the feeding amount in the morning accounts for 45% of the total feeding amount in a day, and the feeding amount in the afternoon accounts for 55% of the total feeding amount in a day.

[0140] S4 water quality adjustment; algae are cultivated during the low-temperature breeding period, and 5 kg of algae seeds are put in per mu, and the algae seeds are put in every 7 days;

[0141] Algae are cultivated during the high-temperature breeding period, and 2 kg of algae seeds are put in per mu, and the algae seeds are put in every 7 days; the algae seeds are Chlorella vulgaris;

[0142] S5 checking the pond once a day in the morning and in the evening to deal with unexpected situations;

[0143] The basic feed is made of the following ingredients:

[0144] 22 kg of fish meal, 14 kg of soybean meal, 14 kg of peanut meal, 1.5 kg of silkworm chrysalis, 38 kg of corn meal, 0.5 kg of vegetable oil, 1.2 kg of seaweed powder, 1 kg of mineral, and 1.2 kg of vitamin;

[0145] The soybean meal and the peanut meal are mixed in a weight ratio of 1:1;

[0146] The seaweed powder is made of black algae, Sargassum and fishy algae;

[0147] The black algae, Sargassum and fishy algae are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:3:4;

[0148] The supplementary feed includes 18 kg of fish meal and 1.3 kg of adjusting aid.

[0149] The total amount of the feed for the freshwater prawns accounts for 3±0.2% of the weight of the freshwater prawns;

[0150] The total amount of the feed for the Chinese soft-shelled turtles accounts for 5±0.3% of the weight of the Chinese soft-shelled turtles. Example 4

[0151] A breeding method for breeding freshwater prawns and Chinese soft-shelled turtles, comprising:

[0152] S1 selects a flat-bottomed and less silting pond, and sets up an anti-escape facility around the pond. Each pond is provided with a separate water inlet and outlet pipeline and a 3-kilowatt impeller type oxygenator;

[0153] S2 raises the Chinese turtles and the freshwater shrimps. The freshwater shrimps are raised at a quantity of 55-55.5 thousand per mu. The Chinese turtles are raised at a quantity of about 132 per mu. The average weight of each Chinese turtle is about 245 g during the raising.

[0154] S3 sets up a feeding area for the Chinese turtles and the freshwater shrimps in the same pond.

[0155] During the feeding of the shrimps, the base feed and the supplementary feed are mixed at a mass ratio of 10:0.7, and the mixed feed is fed to the shrimps once in the morning, at noon and in the evening. The feeding amount in the evening accounts for 65% of the total feeding amount in a day.

[0156] During the feeding of the Chinese turtles, the base feed and the supplementary feed are mixed at a mass ratio of 10:3.8, and the mixed feed is fed to the Chinese turtles in the morning and in the afternoon. The feeding amount in the morning accounts for 45% of the total feeding amount in a day, and the feeding amount in the afternoon accounts for 55% of the total feeding amount in a day.

[0157] S4 adjusts the water quality. During the low-temperature breeding period, algae are cultivated at a quantity of 5 kg per mu, and the algae are fed to the shrimps once every 7 days.

[0158] During the high-temperature breeding period, algae are cultivated at a quantity of 2 kg per mu, and the algae are fed to the shrimps once every 7 days. The algae are Chlorella vulgaris.

[0159] S5 inspects the pond once in the morning and in the evening every day to deal with unexpected situations.

[0160] The base feed is made of the following components:

[0161] 22 kg of fish meal, 14 kg of soybean meal, 14 kg of peanut meal, 2 kg of silkworm chrysalis, 35 kg of corn meal, 0.6 kg of vegetable oil, 1.5 kg of seaweed powder, 1 kg of mineral substances and 1.2 kg of vitamins.

[0162] The soybean meal and the peanut meal are mixed at a weight ratio of 1:1.

[0163] The seaweed powder is made of black algae, Sargassum and fishy algae.

[0164] The black algae, Sargassum and fishy algae are mixed at a mass ratio of 1:3:4.

[0165] The supplementary feed includes 19 kg of fish meal and 1.2 kg of adjusting aids.

[0166] The total amount of the feed for the shrimps accounts for 3±0.2% of the weight of the shrimps.

[0167] The total amount of the feed for the Chinese turtles accounts for 5±0.3% of the weight of the Chinese turtles. Embodiment 5

[0168] A shrimp and soft-shelled turtle mixed culture method, comprising:

[0169] S1 selecting a flat-bottomed and less silting pond, setting up an anti-escape facility around the pond, and setting up a single water inlet and outlet pipeline and a 3-kilowatt impeller type oxygenator in each pond;

[0170] S2 stocking the freshwater shrimp and the Chinese soft-shelled turtle, stocking the freshwater shrimp at a quantity of 55-55.5 thousand per mu, and stocking the Chinese soft-shelled turtle at a quantity of about 115 per mu, and the average weight of the Chinese soft-shelled turtle is about 193 g per individual when stocking;

[0171] S3 setting up a feeding area for the freshwater shrimp and a feeding area for the Chinese soft-shelled turtle in the same pond;

[0172] The feeding of the freshwater shrimp is carried out by mixing the basic feed and the supplementary feed at a mass ratio of 10:1, and feeding once in the morning and once in the evening, and the feeding amount in the evening accounts for 65% of the total feeding amount in a day;

[0173] The feeding of the Chinese soft-shelled turtle is carried out by mixing the basic feed and the supplementary feed at a mass ratio of 10:3-4, and feeding in the morning and in the afternoon, and the feeding amount in the morning accounts for 45% of the total feeding amount in a day, and the feeding amount in the afternoon accounts for 55% of the total feeding amount in a day;

[0174] S4 water quality regulation; cultivating algae during the low-temperature culture period, and adding 5 kg of algae seeds per mu, and adding the algae seeds every 7 days;

[0175] Cultivating algae during the high-temperature culture period, and adding 2 kg of algae seeds per mu, and adding the algae seeds every 7 days; the algae seeds are Chlorella vulgaris;

[0176] S5 checking the pond once a day in the morning and in the evening, and handling the unexpected situation;

[0177] The basic feed is made of the following components:

[0178] 25 kg of fish meal, 15 kg of soybean meal, 15 kg of peanut meal, 2 kg of silkworm chrysalis, 40 kg of corn meal, 0.6 kg of vegetable oil, 1.8 kg of seaweed powder, 1.2 kg of mineral substances, and 1.5 kg of vitamins;

[0179] The soybean meal and the peanut meal are mixed at a weight ratio of 1:1;

[0180] The seaweed powder is made of black algae, Sargassum and fishy algae;

[0181] The black algae, Sargassum and fishy algae are mixed at a mass ratio of 1:3:4;

[0182] The supplementary feed includes 18-20 kg of fish meal and 1.5 kg of adjusting aids.

[0183] The total amount of daily feed for the shrimp accounts for 3±0.2% of the weight of the shrimp;

[0184] The total amount of daily feed for the turtle accounts for 5±0.3% of the weight of the turtle.

[0185] In the above examples, the preparation method of the adjusting aid is as follows:

[0186] First, the gamma-aminobutyric acid, plant volatile oil, ethyl-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride and hydroxysuccinimide are stirred and mixed to obtain a mixture;

[0187] The prepared mixture is added to the MES buffer solution, stirred for 30 min at room temperature, and then the pH of the reaction system is adjusted to 5.0, and the stirring reaction is continued for 2 hours to obtain a first reaction liquid;

[0188] The reaction liquid is moved into a vacuum reaction kettle, and then 2000 Da chitosan is added to the vacuum reaction kettle, and the temperature is adjusted to 40°C, and the stirring is kept for 30 hours to obtain a second reaction liquid;

[0189] The second reaction liquid is dialyzed, and distilled water is added to the dialysis bag with a molecular weight cut-off of 200 Da every 5 hours during dialysis, and the distilled water is added at a volume ratio of 50%, and the dialysis treatment is continued for 4 days, and then dried to obtain the adjusting aid.

[0190] The mass ratio of gamma-aminobutyric acid, plant volatile oil, ethyl-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride and hydroxysuccinimide is 1:3:1:3;

[0191] The mixing ratio of the mixture to the MES buffer solution is 35g:100mL;

[0192] The concentration of the MES buffer solution is 0.15M, and the pH is 6.0.

[0193] The vacuum degree in the vacuum reaction kettle is 0.1Pa.

[0194] The preparation method of the plant volatile oil is as follows:

[0195] The grape seeds and Litsea cubeba are dried in a drying oven to obtain dried grape seeds and Litsea cubeba;

[0196] The grape seeds and Litsea cubeba are crushed respectively to obtain grape seed powder and Litsea cubeba powder;

[0197] The grape seed powder and Litsea cubeba powder are mixed uniformly to obtain a mixed powder;

[0198] Take 120g mixed powder and 350mL of petroleum ether, in a microwave extraction device, extract for 10min, cool to room temperature, get the first plant volatile oil and filter residue;

[0199] Mix the filter residue with 350mL of petroleum ether again, in a microwave extraction device, extract for 10min, collect the second plant volatile oil;

[0200] Mix the first volatile oil and the second volatile oil to get the plant volatile oil;

[0201] The grape seed powder and the litsea cubeba powder are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:2.

[0202] The microwave power during extraction is 550W.

[0203] Comparative Example 1:

[0204] On the basis of the technical scheme of Example 1, only the basic feed is used for feeding, and the rest of the technical scheme is unchanged.

[0205] Comparative Example 2:

[0206] On the basis of the technical scheme of Example 1, the plant volatile oil is not added during the preparation of the auxiliary agent, and the rest of the technical scheme is unchanged.

[0207] Test:

[0208] In the same water product breeding base in Quanjiao County, there are 9 independent breeding ponds, and the area of the 9 breeding ponds is not more than 0.1 mu, and the ponds are numbered 1-9 respectively.

[0209] The escape-preventing facilities are arranged around the ponds, and each pond is provided with a separate water inlet and outlet pipeline and a 3kW impeller type oxygenator.

[0210] Table 1

[0211]

[0212] After 3 months of breeding, the juvenile river shrimps are caught, and after 10 months of breeding, the Chinese soft-shelled turtles are caught, and the output value is counted, as shown in Table 2.

[0213] Table 2 Juvenile river shrimps

[0214]

[0215] As can be seen from Table 2, the special feed prepared by the application can significantly improve the yield of juvenile river shrimps.

[0216] Table 3 Chinese soft-shelled turtles

[0217]

[0218] As shown in Table 3, the special feed prepared by the application can obviously improve the yield of Chinese soft-shelled turtles.

[0219] The incidence of the Chinese soft-shelled turtles and the freshwater prawns in the ponds No. 1 and No. 6-9 was counted.

[0220] The freshwater prawns were mainly counted (fixed ciliates disease, rotten gill disease and red body disease)

[0221] The Chinese soft-shelled turtles were mainly counted (white bottom plate disease, rotten skin disease and white spot disease)

[0222] Table 4 Freshwater prawns

[0223]

[0224] As shown in Table 4, the special feed prepared by the application can obviously improve the resistance of the freshwater prawns. When the freshwater prawns are cultivated alone, the incidence rate is slightly higher than that of the mixed cultivation of the freshwater prawns and the Chinese soft-shelled turtles. This is because the Chinese soft-shelled turtles can eat the old, weak and sick prawns, which greatly reduces the infectiousness of the sick prawns to the normal prawns, and in turn reduces the overall incidence rate of the freshwater prawns.

[0225] Table 4 Chinese soft-shelled turtles

[0226]

[0227] As shown in Table 5, the special feed prepared by the application can obviously improve the resistance of the Chinese soft-shelled turtles. The mixed cultivation of the freshwater prawns and the Chinese soft-shelled turtles has little effect on the overall incidence rate of the Chinese soft-shelled turtles.

[0228] The water quality of the ponds No. 1, No. 6 and No. 7 was detected every 15 days, recorded and finally counted, including pH, chemical oxygen consumption rate (COD), ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) and nitrite nitrogen (NO2-N).

[0229] The detection was carried out according to the method provided in the fourth part of the marine monitoring specification: seawater analysis (GB 17378.4-2007).

[0230] Table 5

[0231]

[0232] As shown in Table 5, the water quality during the cultivation by the method of the application is kept in good condition, which is suitable for the growth of the freshwater prawns and the Chinese soft-shelled turtles.

[0233] The above description is only the preferred embodiments of the application, but the application is not limited to the embodiments shown. Any change or modification made according to the concept of the application, or equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, shall be within the protection scope of the application.

Claims

1. A shrimp and turtle mixed culture method, characterized in that, The application relates to a method for breeding Chinese soft-shelled turtles and freshwater shrimps in the same pond. S1: a flat-bottomed and low-silt pond is selected, and escape-preventing facilities are arranged around the pond; each pond is provided with a single water inlet and outlet pipeline and a 3-kilowatt impeller type oxygenator; S2: the freshwater shrimps and Chinese soft-shelled turtles are bred, the breeding amount of the freshwater shrimps is 50,000 to 55,000 per mu, and the breeding amount of the Chinese soft-shelled turtles is 80 to 120 per mu; the weight of the Chinese soft-shelled turtles is 100 to 300 g during breeding; S3: the feeding areas of the freshwater shrimps and the Chinese soft-shelled turtles are arranged in the same pond; During feeding of the shrimps, the basic feed and the supplementary feed are mixed at a mass ratio of 10:0.5-1, and the shrimps are fed once in the morning and once in the evening every day, wherein the feeding amount in the evening accounts for 60% of the total feeding amount in a day; During feeding of the Chinese soft-shelled turtles, the basic feed and the supplementary feed are mixed at a mass ratio of 10:3-4, and the Chinese soft-shelled turtles are fed in the morning and in the afternoon, wherein the feeding amount in the morning accounts for 45% of the total feeding amount in a day, and the feeding amount in the afternoon accounts for 55% of the total feeding amount in a day; The basic feed is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: fish meal 20-25 parts, soybean meal 12-15 parts, peanut meal 12-15 parts, silkworm chrysalis 1-2 parts, corn meal 35-40 parts, vegetable oil 0.3-0.6 parts, seaweed powder 1-1.8 parts, mineral 0.8-1.2 parts, and vitamin 1-1.5 parts; The soybean meal and the peanut meal are mixed at a weight ratio of 1:

1. The seaweed powder is prepared by mixing black algae, Sargassum and fishy algae; The black algae, Sargassum and fishy algae are mixed at a mass ratio of 1:3:

4. The supplementary feed is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: fish meal 18-20 parts and adjusting agent 1-1.5 parts. The adjusting agent is prepared by the following method: First, gamma-aminobutyric acid, plant volatile oil, ethyl-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride and hydroxysuccinimide are stirred and mixed to obtain a mixed material; The prepared mixed material is added into MES buffer solution, stirred for 30 min at room temperature, then the pH of the reaction system is adjusted to 5.0, and the stirring reaction is continued for 2 hours to obtain a first reaction liquid; The reaction liquid is transferred into a vacuum reaction kettle, 2000 Da chitosan is added into the vacuum reaction kettle, the temperature is adjusted to 40 DEG C, and the stirring reaction is continued for 30 hours to obtain a second reaction liquid; The second reaction liquid is subjected to dialysis treatment, distilled water is added into the dialysis bag every 5 hours during dialysis, the distilled water is added at a volume ratio of 50%, the dialysis treatment is continued for 4 days, and then drying is carried out to obtain the adjusting agent. The plant volatile oil is prepared by the following method: Grape seeds and Litsea cubeba are dried in a drying box to obtain dried grape seeds and Litsea cubeba; The grape seeds and the Litsea cubeba are crushed respectively to obtain grape seed powder and Litsea cubeba powder; The grape seed powder and the Litsea cubeba powder are uniformly mixed to obtain mixed powder; 120 g of the mixed powder and 350 mL of petroleum ether are extracted in a microwave extraction device for 10 min, and the first plant volatile oil and filter residue are obtained after cooling to room temperature; The filter residue and 350 mL of petroleum ether are mixed again, and the second plant volatile oil is collected after extraction in a microwave extraction device for 10 min. Mixing the primary volatile oil with the secondary volatile oil to obtain the plant volatile oil; The mass ratio of the grape seed powder and the Litsea cubeba powder is 1:2; The microwave power during extraction is 550 W; S4 water quality adjustment; during the low-temperature cultivation period, algae are cultivated, and 5 kg of algae seeds are added per mu, and the algae seeds are added every 7 days; During the high-temperature cultivation period, algae are cultivated, and 2 kg of algae seeds are added per mu, and the algae seeds are added every 7 days; the algae seeds are one or more of Chlorella vulgaris, Streptophycus, Platymonas subcordiformis, Synedra, Sharptonia, Nitzschia, and Anabaena; S5 daily early and late inspection 1 time, handle the situation.

2. The method for shrimp and turtle mixed culture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the gamma-aminobutyric acid, the plant volatile oil, the ethyl-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride and the hydroxyl succinimide is 1:3:1:

3. The mixing ratio of the mixture and the MES buffer solution is 30-40 g:100 mL. The concentration of the MES buffer solution is 0.15 M, and the pH is 6.

0.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the shrimp and turtle are raised in a pond. The vacuum degree in the vacuum reaction kettle is 0.1 Pa.

4. The method of claim 2, wherein the shrimp and turtle are raised in a pond. The molecular weight cut-off of the dialysis bag is 200 Da.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the shrimp and turtle are raised in a pond. The mineral substance is composed of manganese sulfate, calcium hydrogen phosphate, ferric citrate, zinc chloride and sodium chloride; The mass ratio of the manganese sulfate, the calcium hydrogen phosphate, the ferric citrate, the zinc chloride and the sodium chloride is 1:3:1:1:

5.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein: The vitamin is composed of vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E and vitamin B12. The mass ratio of the vitamin A, the vitamin D, the vitamin E and the vitamin B12 is 2:1:1:1.

5.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the shrimp and turtle are raised in a pond. The total amount of the feed for the shrimp is 3±0.2% of the body weight of the shrimp per day. The total amount of the feed for the Chinese soft-shelled turtle is 5±0.3% of the body weight of the Chinese soft-shelled turtle per day. ​

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