Method for preventing disease and strengthening multiple nutrition of biological bait for blue crab breeding

Abstract

The application discloses a disease prevention and multi-nutrition strengthening method for biological bait of blue crab breeding, which is applied to biological bait of the blue crab during the period from the nauplius to the zoea, and technical scheme points include disease prevention and multi-nutrition strengthening of rotifer and disease prevention and multi-nutrition strengthening of brine shrimp nauplius. Through multiple disinfection and multi-nutrition strengthening of the living biological bait, especially the rotifer and the brine shrimp nauplius, diseases of the crab seedlings caused by the biological bait with disease bacteria are prevented, and meanwhile, nutrition substances in the biological bait are specialized according to the growth and development needs of the crab seedlings, so that good growth and development of the crab seedlings are ensured.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the biological bait technical field of blue crab breeding, more particularly to a disease prevention and multi-nutrition strengthening method of biological bait for blue crab breeding. BACKGROUND

[0002] Preventing the occurrence of diseases in the breeding process of blue crab larvae is a key link in the breeding. Generally, the external water environment should be kept good, the pathogenic organisms carried by the larvae should be killed in time, and then the secondary entry of pathogenic organisms should be prevented, especially the feeding of living biological bait, which should ensure that the biological bait does not carry diseases into the pool, and the nutrition of the larvae should be strengthened to ensure their good growth and development and strong resistance.

[0003] The biological bait for the larvae mainly includes rotifers and brine shrimp nauplii. The existing rotifers and brine shrimp nauplii are generally directly cultivated in soil pools, which carry more diseases and lack nutrition. The existing treatment method is to simply cultivate for a period of time to enhance nutrition, and then feed after disinfection. This method does not strengthen the nutrients required by the blue crab larvae, and the simple disinfection can only kill the surface pathogenic organisms, and cannot kill the pathogenic organisms remaining in the rotifers and brine shrimp, which can still carry diseases and affect the breeding of the larvae. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present application provides a disease prevention and multi-nutrition strengthening method of biological bait for blue crab breeding, which can prevent diseases through multiple disinfections of the biological bait, and can provide sufficient nutrition for the blue crab larvae through targeted strengthening of the bait.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present application provides the following technical scheme: a disease prevention and multi-nutrition strengthening method of biological bait for blue crab breeding, which is applied to the biological bait for the blue crab larvae from the nauplius stage to the juvenile stage, including disease prevention and multi-nutrition strengthening of rotifers and disease prevention and multi-nutrition strengthening of brine shrimp nauplii.

[0006] The disease prevention and multi-nutrition strengthening of the rotifers include:

[0007] First rotifer disinfection and strengthening:

[0008] Pond disinfection, adding disinfected water into the pond, and feeding rotifers with a density of 80-120 per milliliter, adding chlorella and microgreen algae to the water with an algae concentration of 40-60 million cells per milliliter, and adding appropriate amount of probiotics to the water, and adding vitamin B 120.1ug / L, Vitamin D3 0.1ug / L, Vitamin C 1mg / L, to promote the growth and reproduction of rotifer; during the rotifer cultivation, 10% of the water in the siphon pool is used for secondary disinfection and intensification every day;

[0009] Second rotifer disinfection and intensification: the rotifers collected in the pond are disinfected with potassium permanganate solution (10ppm) for 30 minutes, and then stand for 15 minutes, separate the impurities and dead insects that sink to the bottom, further filter the impurities with a 120 mesh screen, and transfer the rotifers in the pond into a cultivation barrel, the rotifer density is 300-500 per milliliter, sprinkle Bdellovibrio in the barrel, add Schizochytrium sp. 0.1g per milliliter, golden algae 5-10 million cells per milliliter, intensify the DHA content of rotifers; add microgreen algae 30-50 million cells per milliliter; intensify the EPA content of rotifers; add Dunaliella salina 10-20 million cells per milliliter, intensify the beta-carotene of rotifers; add Haematococcus pluvialis 10 million cells per milliliter, intensify the astaxanthin content of rotifers;

[0010] Third rotifer disinfection and intensification: disinfection is carried out by using formaldehyde or potassium permanganate solution, the concentration is 10-15ppm, the disinfection time is 30 minutes, after disinfection, a 200-300 mesh screen bag is used for collection, after collection, the clean rotifers are placed in a barrel, and probiotic liquid is added in the barrel, and micro-aeration is carried out for 15 minutes, and then feeding is carried out.

[0011] The disease prevention and multi-nutrition intensification of the artemia nauplii include:

[0012] Artemia egg shell removal: soak the artemia eggs in 5% sodium hypochlorite solution, the ratio is 1g of artemia eggs to 5ml of sodium hypochlorite solution, appropriately add calcium hydroxide during soaking, when the eggs turn orange, rinse, then add excess vitamin C for neutralization, and then wash with disinfected water;

[0013] Artemia egg hatching: the temperature of the hatching water environment is 30 degrees Celsius, the salinity is 25-30, and the PH value is kept at 8.1-8.4;

[0014] Artemia nauplii intensification: after the membrane is broken, the hatched nauplii are collected and transferred to an intensification barrel for nutrition intensification, and 100-200ppm of Schizochytrium sp., golden algae or chaetoceros are added in the barrel.

[0015] Further disinfection of artemia nauplii: after the intensification is completed, the nauplii are collected by using a 120-160 mesh screen bag, and then disinfected by using potassium permanganate solution, and then washed with disinfected water for feeding.

[0016] The application further provides that: the disinfection and intensification time of the first rotifer disinfection and intensification to the third rotifer disinfection and intensification is 12-16 hours.

[0017] The application is further configured that the time of the artemia nauplii strengthening is 12-16 hours.

[0018] The application is further configured that the disease prevention and multi-nutrition strengthening of the rotifer is applied to the biological bait feeding of the crab larvae in the period of Mysis 1 to Mysis 2.

[0019] The application is further configured that the disease prevention and multi-nutrition strengthening of the artemia nauplii is applied to the biological bait feeding of the crab larvae in the period of Mysis 3 to Megalops.

[0020] The application is further configured that in the artemia egg hatching step, 5-10 ppm of formaldehyde is added for disinfection during the hatching process.

[0021] The application is further configured that in the first rotifer disinfection strengthening, the pond is completely flushed with 200 grams of bleaching powder solution per cubic meter.

[0022] The application is further configured that in the first rotifer disinfection strengthening, the microbial preparation is sprayed in the pond to add probiotics.

[0023] In summary, the application has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] The application disinfects the rotifer and the artemia nauplii in multiple stages, and in the disinfection process, the nutrition is strengthened. Compared with the prior art which simply disinfects and strengthens the nutrition once, the application can effectively eliminate the possible bacteria in the living biological bait, basically avoids the disease problems of the crab larvae caused by the biological bait feeding, and according to the nutritional needs of the crab larvae, especially the more unsaturated fatty acids needed by the crab larvae, the biological bait is subjected to targeted multi-nutrition strengthening, which better ensures the nutritional needs of the crab larvae. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The application will be further described below.

[0026] The embodiment discloses a biological bait disease prevention and multi-nutrition strengthening method for green crab breeding, which is applied to the biological bait during the period of the green crab larvae from Mysis to Megalops, and includes the disease prevention and multi-nutrition strengthening of the rotifer and the disease prevention and multi-nutrition strengthening of the artemia nauplii.

[0027] The disease prevention and multi-nutrition strengthening of the rotifer includes:

[0028] The first rotifer disinfection strengthening includes:

[0029] Firstly, the pond is disinfected, which can be completely washed with 200 grams of bleaching powder solution per cubic meter, and the disinfection and cleaning of the pond are completed. Then, the disinfected water is added to the pond, and the disinfected water refers to the water body disinfected by diseases. After such treatment, it can be ensured that the pond and the water body itself will not carry diseases. Then, rotifers are put in, the rotifer density is 80-120 per milliliter, Chlorella and micro green algae are added to the water, the algae concentration is 40-60 million cells per milliliter, and an appropriate amount of probiotics and vitamins are added to the water; by controlling the rotifer density and the algae density, it is ensured that each rotifer can obtain effective nutrition strengthening. Among them, Chlorella and micro green algae are rich in unsaturated fatty acids, especially EPA and DHA, which are good nutrients for the growth and development of crab larvae. After the rotifers are strengthened, these nutrients are provided to the crab larvae in the form of biological bait, ensuring the good development of the crab larvae. And by adding probiotics, the probiotics in the water body dominate, thereby inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria, so that the pathogenic bacteria are eliminated in the competition. In this way, the pathogenic bacteria outside the rotifer can be basically eliminated.

[0030] Second rotifer disinfection and strengthening: the rotifers in the pond are transferred to the cultivation barrels, the rotifer density is 300-500 per milliliter, the barrel is sprinkled with Bdellovibrio, and algae are added. Chlorella 0.1 grams per milliliter, golden algae 50-100 million cells per milliliter, micro green algae 30-50 million cells per milliliter, Dunaliella salina 10-20 million cells per milliliter, and Haematococcus pluvialis 10 million cells per milliliter; through the above settings, high-density disinfection and strengthening are carried out in the barrel. Among them, Bdellovibrio can parasitize and lyse pathogenic bacteria, thereby eliminating pathogenic bacteria in the aquaculture water body and aquatic animals, reducing pathogenic bacteria, and further eliminating diseases in the rotifer. Chlorella and golden algae are rich in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, an important omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid) and gamma-linolenic acid (GLA, an omega-6 fatty acid), respectively. DHA and GLA can effectively improve the growth and development activity of crab larvae. By adding Chlorella and golden algae for strengthening, the content of DHA and GLA in the rotifer can be significantly improved. By adding Dunaliella salina and Haematococcus pluvialis for strengthening, the content of carotenoids and astaxanthin in the rotifer can be significantly improved. Further, the required nutrients are provided to the crab larvae in the form of biological bait, ensuring the good growth and development of the crab larvae.

[0031] Third rotifer disinfection enhancement: using formaldehyde or potassium permanganate solution for disinfection, the concentration is 10-15 ppm, the disinfection time is 30 minutes, after disinfection, using 200-300 mesh net bag to collect, after collection, using disinfected water to rinse, then feeding; through the above method, after the first and second disinfection, the disease bacteria in the body and outside of rotifer are basically eliminated, the last remaining disease bacteria are chemically disinfected before feeding, the remaining disease bacteria are completely eliminated by chemicals, achieving good disease prevention effect, effectively avoiding the disease problem caused by the feeding of biological bait, at the same time, adding appropriate amount of probiotic liquid before feeding, the probiotics mixed in rotifer are directly ingested into the body of crab larvae, promoting nutrient absorption and regulating intestinal microorganism balance of crab larvae.

[0032] Disease prevention and multi-nutrition enhancement of artemia nauplii include:

[0033] Artemia egg shell removal: using 5% sodium hypochlorite solution to soak artemia eggs, the ratio is 1 gram of artemia eggs to 5 milliliters of sodium hypochlorite solution, adding calcium hydroxide appropriately during soaking, when the eggs turn orange, rinsing and then adding excess vitamin C to neutralize, then washing with disinfected water; artemia nauplii can be disinfected from artemia eggs, so strong alkali is used to remove the eggshell directly, eliminating the disease bacteria that may be carried by the artemia eggshell.

[0034] Artemia egg hatching: after shell removal, the eggs are hatched, the water environment temperature for hatching is 30 degrees Celsius, the salinity is 25-30, and the PH value is kept at 8.1-8.4; through the above environment, the artemia eggs are hatched in a suitable environment.

[0035] Artemia nauplii enhancement: after membrane rupture, collect and transfer to the enhancement barrel for nutrition enhancement, add 100-200 ppm of schizochytrium, 20-50 million per milliliter of chrysophyta or chaetoceros to the barrel; enhance artemia, schizochytrium, chrysophyta or chaetoceros have the same function as rotifer enhancement, through the rich unsaturated fatty acids in different algae, the rich unsaturated fatty acids in artemia are provided, thus providing the growth and development required nutrients for crab larvae through biological bait.

[0036] Further, although the artemia eggs are disinfected and shelled, in actual application, part of the artemia eggs still have disease bacteria inside, therefore, as an optimization, 5-10 ppm of formaldehyde can be added during the hatching process in the artemia egg hatching step to ensure that the disease bacteria that may exist inside the eggs are also eliminated.

[0037] The halteres nauplii are further disinfected: after the intensification is completed, the halteres nauplii are collected by using a 120-160 mesh bag, disinfected by using a potassium permanganate solution, and then rinsed with disinfected water, so that the halteres nauplii can be fed. The halteres nauplii are disinfected again before being fed, so that possible residual bacteria can be removed, and a good disease control effect can be achieved.

[0038] Further preferably, the time for each disinfection and intensification in the first to third rotifer disinfection and intensification is 12-16 hours, and the time for the halteres nauplii intensification is 12-16 hours. In this way, the absorption of algal nutrients by the rotifers and the halteres nauplii is significantly improved within 12-16 hours, and the absorption reaches a maximum value after 12 hours. Therefore, in order to ensure a good intensification effect, the intensification is performed for 12-16 hours. Meanwhile, the intensification time of 12-16 hours is suitable for large-scale production and application, and can reduce the production cycle and improve the efficiency while ensuring the effect.

[0039] Further preferably, the disease control and multi-nutrient intensification of the rotifers are applied to the biological bait feeding of the crab larvae in the stages of Mysis 1 to Mysis 2.

[0040] Further preferably, the disease control and multi-nutrient intensification of the halteres nauplii are applied to the biological bait feeding of the crab larvae in the stages of Mysis 3 to Megalops.

[0041] The above is the adaptive feeding of different biological baits to the growth state of the crab larvae at different stages, so that the crab larvae can be fed with disease-free and multi-nutrient intensified biological baits at different stages of growth.

[0042] Further, in the first rotifer disinfection and intensification, the microorganism preparation is sprayed in the pool to add probiotics. The microorganism preparation can include but is not limited to Bacillus, yeast, photosynthetic bacteria, and lactic acid bacteria. These probiotics not only inhibit the growth and development of pathogenic bacteria, but also assist the growth and development of live baits such as rotifers. For example, yeast can decompose organic matter in water to produce vitamins and amino acids to provide nutrition for the cultured animals. Photosynthetic bacteria can perform photosynthesis to produce oxygen and increase the dissolved oxygen in water to improve water quality. At the same time, they can decompose organic matter to reduce the accumulation of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite. Therefore, the use of microorganism preparation to add probiotics has multiple effects, and can effectively help the disease control and multi-nutrient intensification of biological baits.

[0043] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and is not used to limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. within the design concept of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for preventing disease and multi-nutrition strengthening of biological bait for blue crab breeding, which is applied to biological bait for blue crab larvae and zoea during the period of zoea to crab larvae, characterized in that: The disease prevention and multi-nutrition reinforcement of rotifer and the disease prevention and multi-nutrition reinforcement of brine shrimp nauplius; ​ The disease prevention and multi-nutrition reinforcement of rotifer comprises: First rotifer disinfection reinforcement: The pond is disinfected, the disinfected water is added in the pond, the rotifer is thrown, the rotifer density is 80-120 per milliliter, the chlorella and the micro green ball algae are added in the water, the algae concentration is 40-60 million cells per milliliter, and the appropriate probiotic bacteria are added in the water; meanwhile, vitamin B is added in the water 12 0.1ug / L, Vitamin D3 0.1ug / L, Vitamin C 1mg / L; during the rotifer cultivation, 10% water body in the siphon pool is used for secondary disinfection and strengthening every day; Second rotifer disinfection reinforcement: rotifer collected in the pond is disinfected with 10ppm potassium permanganate solution for 30 minutes, and is left for 15 minutes, impurities and dead insects are separated from the bottom, the impurities are further filtered with a 120 mesh screen, and the rotifer in the pond is transferred into a culture barrel, the rotifer density is 300-500 per milliliter, Bdellovibrio is sprayed in the barrel, multi-nutrition reinforcement: 0.1 gram of Schizochytrium per milliliter, 50-100 million cells of chrysophyte per milliliter are added to reinforce the DHA content of rotifer, 30-50 million cells of Nannochloropsis per milliliter are added to reinforce the EPA content of rotifer, 10-20 million cells of Dunaliella salina per milliliter are added to reinforce the beta-carotene content of rotifer, and Haematococcus pluvialis is added to reinforce the astaxanthin content of rotifer; Third rotifer disinfection reinforcement: formaldehyde or potassium permanganate solution is used for disinfection, the concentration is 10-15ppm, the disinfection time is 30 minutes, after disinfection, a 200-300 mesh screen bag is used for collection, after collection, the clean rotifer is placed in a barrel, probiotic liquid is added in the barrel, and micro-aeration is performed for 15 minutes, and then feeding is performed; The disease prevention and multi-nutrition reinforcement of brine shrimp nauplius comprises: Brine shrimp egg shell removal: the brine shrimp eggs are soaked in 5% sodium hypochlorite solution, the proportion is 1 gram of brine shrimp eggs to 5 milliliters of sodium hypochlorite solution, calcium hydroxide is appropriately added during soaking, the eggs are turned orange, rinsed, neutralized with excess vitamin C, and then washed with disinfected water; Brine shrimp egg hatching: the temperature of the water environment for hatching is 30 degrees Celsius, the salinity is 25-30, and the PH value is kept at 8.1-8.4; Brine shrimp nauplius reinforcement: after the membrane is broken, the nauplius is collected and transferred to a reinforcement barrel for nutrition reinforcement, 100-200ppm of Schizochytrium is added in the barrel, and 20-50 million chrysophyte or chaetophora cells per milliliter are added; Brine shrimp nauplius further disinfection: after reinforcement, the nauplius is collected by using a 120-160 mesh screen bag, and after collection, the nauplius is disinfected by using potassium permanganate solution, and then the nauplius is washed with disinfected water, and then feeding is performed.

2. The method for controlling disease and multi-nutrition of the biological bait for the blue crab breeding according to claim 1, characterized in that: The disinfection and reinforcement time in the first rotifer disinfection reinforcement to the third rotifer disinfection reinforcement is 12-16 hours.

3. The method for controlling disease and multi-nutrition of the biological bait for the blue crab breeding according to claim 1, characterized in that: The brine shrimp nauplius reinforcement time is 12-16 hours.

4. The method for controlling disease and multi-nutrition of the biological bait for the blue crab breeding according to claim 1, characterized in that: The disease prevention and multi-nutrition reinforcement of rotifer is applied to biological bait feeding of rotifer 1 to rotifer 2 of crab larvae.

5. The method for controlling disease and multi-nutrition of the biological bait for the blue crab breeding according to claim 1, characterized in that: The disease prevention and multi-nutrition reinforcement of brine shrimp nauplius is applied to biological bait feeding of rotifer 3 to large-eyed larvae of crab larvae.

6. The method for controlling disease and multi-nutrition of the biological bait for the blue crab breeding according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the brine shrimp egg hatching step, 5-10ppm of formaldehyde is added for disinfection during hatching.

7. The method for controlling disease and multi-nutrition of the biological bait for the blue crab breeding according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the first rotifer disinfection reinforcement, the pond is thoroughly washed with 200 grams of bleaching powder solution per cubic meter.

8. The method for controlling disease and multi-nutrition of the biological bait for the blue crab breeding according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the first rotifer disinfection reinforcement, microbial preparations are sprayed in the pond to add probiotics.