3D printing forming device for regulating and controlling forming quality through thermal imaging and printing method

Abstract

The invention discloses a 3D printing forming device for regulating and controlling the forming quality through thermal imaging and a printing method. The 3D printing forming device comprises a forming cabin, and an infrared thermal imaging detection head, a falling type powder laying head, a laser, a powder laying head leveling bolt, a leveling locking bolt, a powder laying device, a forming base plate and a control end which are located in the forming cabin. The temperature distribution of a molten pool in a forming area is monitored in real time through the infrared thermal imaging detection head, infrared signals are converted into electric signals to be transmitted to the control end in real time, the control end adjusts the machining laser power and the scanning speed, the material forming physical process is helped to be predicted and controlled, potential defects and abnormities are found in time, and therefore product quality and performance optimization is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of additive manufacturing, and in particular to a 3D printing forming device and a printing method for regulating forming quality using thermal imaging. Background Art

[0002] Selective Laser Melting (SLM) is a revolutionary additive manufacturing (3D printing) technology that focuses a high-energy laser beam to scan and melt metal powder layer by layer with micron-level precision, thereby directly constructing three-dimensional metal parts with complex internal structures, fine surfaces and excellent performance. This technology not only overcomes the limitations of traditional manufacturing methods on materials, design and processes, but also, due to its wide range of material selection, it can be applied to a variety of metals and alloys to meet the needs of various industrial applications. With its significant advantages such as high precision, high efficiency, high flexibility and high material utilization, selective laser melting technology has shown broad application prospects in aerospace, automobile manufacturing, medical equipment and other fields, promoting the development of the manufacturing industry to a higher level and becoming an important force in promoting industrial upgrading and innovation.

[0003] However, the existing laser selective melting technology cannot achieve real-time monitoring and control of parameters during the laser processing process, thereby automatically adjusting the molding quality in real time. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a 3D printing forming device and a printing method that use thermal imaging to control the forming quality. Thermal imaging technology is used to monitor and control the temperature distribution of the material during the laser processing process in real time, so as to promptly discover potential defects and anomalies and improve the product forming quality.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A 3D printing forming device using thermal imaging to control forming quality, comprising a forming chamber, and an infrared thermal imaging detection head located inside the forming chamber, a falling powder spreading head, a laser, a powder spreading head leveling bolt, a leveling locking bolt, a powder spreading device, a forming base plate and a control end;

[0007] The left and right side walls of the forming chamber are respectively provided with powder spreading head moving tracks, and the two sides of the falling powder spreading head are installed in the powder spreading head moving tracks; the powder spreading device is fixedly connected to the bottom of the falling powder spreading head;

[0008] The forming substrate is fixed to the bottom of the forming chamber, and powder recovery filters are arranged on both sides of the front and rear of the forming substrate at the bottom of the forming chamber; the laser is embedded in the top of the forming chamber;

[0009] The infrared thermal imaging detection head is installed above the falling powder spreading head, and is used to monitor the temperature distribution of the molten pool and the surrounding area in real time during the laser scanning process, and feed back the detected data to the control end;

[0010] The powder spreading head leveling bolt and the leveling locking bolt are symmetrically installed on the left and right sides of the drop-type powder spreading head. The powder spreading head leveling bolt is used to adjust the gap size between the drop-type powder spreading head and the forming substrate. The leveling locking bolt is used to lock the powder spreading head leveling bolt when leveling is completed, so that the gap between the drop-type powder spreading head and the forming substrate remains unchanged.

[0011] The control end is used to connect the infrared thermal imaging probe, the falling powder spreading head, the laser, the powder spreading device and the forming substrate, receive in real time the electrical signals of the temperature distribution of the molten pool and the surrounding area during the printing process fed back by the infrared thermal imaging probe, and convert the electrical signals into image data for analysis after processing; dynamically adjust the laser parameters of the laser to ensure the stability and uniformity of the molten pool temperature.

[0012] Furthermore, the powder spreading device includes a powder control cover and a powder scraper. The powder scraper is installed on the powder control cover and is located on the rear side of the powder outlet of the falling powder spreading head, and is used to compact and flatten the fallen powder; the front and rear sides of the powder control cover are also symmetrically provided with air vents, which are used to balance the air pressure between the powder layer and the powder spreading head, so that the powder spreading process can proceed smoothly.

[0013] Furthermore, the infrared thermal imaging detection head includes an infrared sensing element, a replaceable infrared lens, a detection head protective shell, an Ethernet connection interface, a status indicator light, and a detection head power interface; the infrared sensing element is installed at the center of the front of the infrared thermal imaging detection head, and is used to convert the received infrared radiation signal into an electrical signal; the replaceable infrared lens is fixed on the infrared thermal imaging detection head and arranged on the outside of the infrared sensing element, and is used to receive and converge the infrared radiation emitted by the object to be measured; the detection head protective shell is fixedly connected to the front of the infrared thermal imaging detection head, and is used to protect the infrared thermal imaging detection head from damage by external influences; the Ethernet connection interface is on one side of the back of the infrared thermal imaging detection head, and the infrared thermal imaging detection head is connected to the control end through the Ethernet connection interface; the status indicator light is installed on the top of the back of the infrared thermal imaging detection head, and indicates the current working state of the infrared thermal imaging detection head through different colors of lights and flashing; the detection head power interface is on the other side of the back of the infrared thermal imaging detection head, and is connected to a DC power supply to provide energy for the infrared thermal imaging detection head.

[0014] Furthermore, the falling powder spreading head is provided with a powder inlet, a powder outlet and a powder spreading device fixing socket; the powder inlet is located on the upper surface of the falling powder spreading head, the powder outlet is located on the lower surface of the falling powder spreading head, and the powder spreading device fixing socket is located below the falling powder spreading head; powder spreading head hanging ears are installed on two sides of the falling powder spreading head, and the powder spreading head hanging ears can move forward and backward along the powder spreading head moving track.

[0015] A 3D printing forming method using thermal imaging to control forming quality, the method is implemented based on a 3D printing forming device, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0016] Step 1: Use computer-aided design software to create a 3D model of the part to be printed, convert the 3D model into an STL file, and import it into a slicing software; use the slicing software to divide the model into thin layers, with each layer ranging in thickness from 20 to 100 microns; and generate a scanning path for each layer;

[0017] Step 2: Make the forming chamber reach the set vacuum degree, temperature and be filled with inert gas; adjust the leveling bolts of the powder spreading head so that the gap between the falling powder spreading head and the forming substrate is uniform and less than 2mm; operate the forming substrate to preheat to the set temperature;

[0018] Step 3: Start the laser, turn on the powder supply system, and the metal powder enters the falling powder spreading head through the powder inlet and falls from the powder outlet to the surface of the forming substrate; the laser scans and melts the metal powder layer by layer according to a preset scanning path; the laser beam melts the powder to form a molten pool, which solidifies into a metal layer after cooling, and is stacked layer by layer to form a part;

[0019] Step 4: During the laser scanning process, the infrared thermal imaging probe monitors the temperature distribution of the molten pool and the surrounding area in real time, capturing temperature changes and abnormal conditions; the data feedback of the infrared thermal imaging probe is processed by the control system, and the laser parameters are dynamically adjusted according to the temperature data to ensure the stability and uniformity of the molten pool temperature, improve the forming quality, and reduce thermal stress and deformation;

[0020] Step 5: Repeat the powder laying, laser scanning, infrared monitoring and parameter adjustment processes in steps 3 and 4 to form the part layer by layer until the part is printed.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0022] The 3D printing forming device and printing method of the present invention that use thermal imaging to control the forming quality can monitor the temperature distribution of the molten pool in the forming area in real time through an infrared thermal imaging detection head, and adjust the processing laser power and scanning speed in real time, help predict and control the physical process of material forming, and promptly discover potential defects and anomalies to achieve product quality and performance optimization. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a 3D printing forming device that uses thermal imaging to control forming quality according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the interior of the forming chamber according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the infrared thermal imaging detection head in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the back structure of the infrared thermal imaging detection head in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional view of the falling type powder spreading head and the powder spreading device at section AA in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 6 It is a top perspective view of a falling powder spreading head and a powder spreading device in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 7 It is a bottom-up stereoscopic view of the powder spreading device in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] In the figure, there are forming chamber 1, moving track 101, powder recovery filter 102; infrared thermal imaging detection head 2, infrared sensing element 201, replaceable infrared lens 202, detection head protective shell mounting screw 203, Ethernet connection interface 204, status indicator light 205, detection head power interface 206; falling powder spreading head 3, powder inlet 301, powder outlet 302, powder spreading head hanging ear 303, powder spreading device fixing bayonet 304; laser 4; powder spreading head leveling bolt 5; leveling locking bolt 6; powder spreading device 7, powder control cover 701, powder scraper 702, vent 703; forming substrate 8, control end 9. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention will be described in detail below based on the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, and the purpose and effects of the present invention will become more clear. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0032] like Figure 1As shown, the 3D printing forming device of this embodiment that uses thermal imaging to control forming quality includes a forming chamber 1, an infrared thermal imaging detection head 2, a falling powder spreading head 3, a laser 4, a powder spreading head leveling bolt 5, a leveling locking bolt 6, a powder spreading device 7, a forming substrate 8, and a control terminal 9.

[0033] Among them, the infrared thermal imaging detection head 2, the falling powder spreading head 3, the laser 4, the powder spreading head leveling bolts 5, the leveling locking bolts 6, the powder spreading device 7, and the forming substrate 8 are located inside the forming chamber 1; the powder spreading head leveling bolts 5, the leveling locking bolts 6 and the powder spreading device 7 are installed on the falling powder spreading head 3, and the falling powder spreading head 3 is used to realize the powder bed arrangement in the working area inside the forming chamber 1; the infrared thermal imaging detection head 2 is connected to the control terminal 9, which is used to monitor the temperature distribution of the molten pool in the forming area in real time and adjust the laser forming parameters through the control terminal 9.

[0034] like Figure 2 As shown, powder spreading head moving tracks 101 are symmetrically provided on the left and right sides of the forming chamber 1, and the two sides of the falling powder spreading head 3 are installed in the powder spreading head moving tracks 101. The powder spreading head moving track 101 is used to control the Z-axis height position of the falling powder spreading head 3 and the movement of the falling powder spreading head 3 along the X direction inside the forming chamber 1. The forming substrate 8 is fixed to the bottom of the forming chamber 1 and connected to the forming chamber 1 through a fixing nut. The bottom of the forming chamber 1 is symmetrically provided with a powder recovery filter screen 102 on the front and rear sides of the forming substrate 8. The bottom of the powder recovery filter screen 102 is connected to a powder collection device for collecting excess powder during the laser forming process and the powder used as support after the forming is completed and recovered into the powder collection device. The forming chamber 1 is connected to an exhaust vacuum pump and a protective air pipe to ensure air tightness and oxygen content during the forming process.

[0035] The infrared thermal imaging detection head 2 is installed above the falling powder spreading head 3, and is used to monitor the temperature distribution of the molten pool and the surrounding area in real time during the laser scanning process, and feed back the detected data to the control terminal 9. Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the infrared thermal imaging detection head 2 includes an infrared sensing element 201, a replaceable infrared lens 202, a detection head protective shell 203, an Ethernet connection interface 204, a status indicator light 205, and a detection head power interface 206. The infrared sensing element 201 is installed at the center of the front of the infrared thermal imaging detection head 2, and is used to convert the received infrared radiation signal into an electrical signal; the replaceable infrared lens 202 is installed on the outside of the infrared sensing element 201, and is fixed to the infrared thermal imaging detection head 2 by an M2 screw, and is used to receive and converge the infrared radiation emitted by the object to be measured. The detection head protective shell 203 is fixedly connected to the front of the infrared thermal imaging detection head 2, and is used to protect the infrared thermal imaging detection head from damage by external influences. The Ethernet connection interface 204 is on the back side of the infrared thermal imaging detection head 2, and the infrared thermal imaging detection head 2 is connected to the control terminal 9 through the Ethernet connection interface 204. The electrical signal received by the infrared sensing element 201 is converted into image data after being processed by the signal processor, and further analyzed by the control terminal 9. The status indicator light 205 is installed on the top of the back side of the infrared thermal imaging detection head 2, and indicates the current working status of the infrared thermal imaging detection head 2 through different color lights and flashing; the detection head power interface 206 is on the other side of the back side of the infrared thermal imaging detection head 2, and is connected to the DC power supply to provide energy for the infrared thermal imaging detection head 2.

[0036] like Figure 5 As shown, the falling powder spreading head 3 is provided with a powder inlet 301, a powder outlet 302 and a powder spreading device fixing bayonet 304; the powder inlet 301 is located on the upper surface of the falling powder spreading head 3, the powder outlet 302 is located on the lower surface of the falling powder spreading head 3, and the powder spreading device fixing bayonet 304 is located below the falling powder spreading head 3; the powder spreading head hanging ears 303 are installed on the two sides of the falling powder spreading head 3, and the powder spreading head hanging ears 303 can move forward and backward along the powder spreading head moving track 101. The powder spreading device 7 is connected to the lower part of the falling powder spreading head 3 through the powder spreading device fixing bayonet 304.

[0037] like Figure 6 As shown, the powder spreading head leveling bolts 5 are symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides of the falling powder spreading head 3, and are used to adjust the gap between the falling powder spreading head 3 and the forming substrate 8 to ensure the printing quality; the leveling locking bolts 6 are symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides of the front of the falling powder spreading head 3, and are used to lock the powder spreading head leveling bolts 5 when the leveling is completed, so that the gap between the falling powder spreading head 3 and the forming substrate 8 remains unchanged.

[0038] like Figure 7As shown, the powder spreading device 7 is fixedly connected to the falling powder spreading head 3, and the powder spreading device 7 includes a powder control cover plate 701 and a powder scraper 702. The powder scraper 702 is installed on the powder control cover plate 701 and is located on the rear side of the powder outlet of the falling powder spreading head 3, and is used to compact and flatten the fallen powder; the front and rear sides of the powder control cover plate 701 are also symmetrically provided with air vents 703, which are used to balance the air pressure between the powder layer and the powder spreading head, so that the powder spreading process can proceed smoothly.

[0039] Before using the 3D printing forming device for regulating the forming quality by using thermal imaging of the embodiment of the present invention for 3D printing, it is necessary to select suitable metal powder materials according to the requirements of the printed parts, screen and dry the powder materials to ensure that the particle size distribution is uniform and pollution-free; check the fluidity and bulk density of the powder to ensure that it meets the requirements of the powder spreading process; load the screened metal powder into the powder supply system, check the various components of the 3D printing equipment, confirm that the power output of the laser 4 is stable, the powder spreading device 7 operates normally, the forming substrate 8 is level and oil-free, and the infrared thermal imaging detection head 2 can work normally and transmit data. And according to the metal powder material used, set the initial laser parameters, including laser power, scanning speed, spot diameter and layer thickness; calibrate the infrared thermal imaging equipment to ensure that it can accurately capture and record the temperature distribution of the molten pool and the surrounding area.

[0040] The embodiment of the present invention further provides a 3D printing forming method for controlling forming quality using thermal imaging, comprising the following steps:

[0041] Step 1: Use computer-aided design software to create a 3D model of the part to be printed, convert the 3D model into an STL file, and import it into a slicing software; use the slicing software to divide the model into thin layers, with each layer ranging in thickness from 20 to 100 microns; and generate a scanning path for each layer;

[0042] Step 2: Make the forming chamber 1 reach the set vacuum degree, temperature and be filled with inert gas; adjust the powder spreading head leveling bolt 5 so that the gap between the falling powder spreading head 3 and the forming substrate 8 is uniform and less than 2mm; operate the forming substrate 8 to preheat to the set temperature; wherein, the forming chamber 1 is made to reach the set vacuum degree by turning on the exhaust vacuum pump, and introducing high-purity argon gas into the forming chamber 1 through the protective air pipe, controlling the argon gas pressure to be kept below 1.0MPa, observing the oxygen content in the forming chamber 1, and when the oxygen content is lower than 0.05%, turning off the exhaust vacuum pump;

[0043] Step 3: Start the laser 4, turn on the powder supply system, and the metal powder enters the falling powder head 3 through the powder inlet 301, and falls to the surface of the forming substrate 8 from the powder outlet 302; the laser 4 scans and melts the metal powder layer by layer according to the preset scanning path; the laser beam melts the powder to form a molten pool, which solidifies into a metal layer after cooling, and is stacked layer by layer to form a part;

[0044] Step 4: During the laser scanning process, the infrared thermal imaging probe 2 monitors the temperature distribution of the molten pool and the surrounding area in real time, capturing temperature changes and abnormal conditions; the data feedback of the infrared thermal imaging probe 2 is processed by the control system, and the laser parameters are dynamically adjusted according to the temperature data to ensure the stability and uniformity of the molten pool temperature, improve the forming quality, and reduce thermal stress and deformation;

[0045] Step 5: Repeat the powder laying, laser scanning, infrared monitoring and parameter adjustment processes in steps 3 and 4 to form the part layer by layer until the part is printed.

[0046] Those skilled in the art can understand that the above are only preferred examples of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Although the invention is described in detail with reference to the above examples, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the above examples or replace some of the technical features therein with equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the invention shall be included in the protection scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A 3D printing forming device using thermal imaging to control forming quality, characterized in that: The invention comprises a forming chamber (1), and an infrared thermal imaging detection head (2), a falling powder spreading head (3), a laser (4), a powder spreading head leveling bolt (5), a leveling locking bolt (6), a powder spreading device (7), a forming base plate (8) and a control terminal (9) located inside the forming chamber (1); The left and right side walls of the forming chamber (1) are respectively provided with powder spreading head moving tracks (101), and the two sides of the falling powder spreading head (3) are installed in the powder spreading head moving tracks (101); the powder spreading device (7) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the falling powder spreading head (3); The forming substrate (8) is fixed to the bottom of the forming chamber (1), and a powder recovery filter (102) is provided on both sides of the front and rear of the forming substrate (8) at the bottom of the forming chamber (1); the laser (4) is embedded in the top of the forming chamber (1); The infrared thermal imaging detection head (2) is installed above the falling powder spreading head (3) and is used to monitor the temperature distribution of the molten pool and the surrounding area in real time during the laser scanning process, and feed back the detected data to the control end (9); The powder spreading head leveling bolt (5) and the leveling locking bolt (6) are symmetrically mounted on the left and right sides of the drop-type powder spreading head (3); the powder spreading head leveling bolt (5) is used to adjust the gap between the drop-type powder spreading head (3) and the forming substrate (8); the leveling locking bolt (6) is used to lock the powder spreading head leveling bolt (5) when leveling is completed, so that the gap between the drop-type powder spreading head (3) and the forming substrate (8) remains unchanged; The control end (9) is used to connect the infrared thermal imaging probe (2), the falling powder spreading head (3), the laser (4), the powder spreading device (7) and the forming substrate (8), receive in real time the electrical signal of the temperature distribution of the molten pool and the surrounding area during the printing process fed back by the infrared thermal imaging probe (2), and convert the electrical signal into image data for analysis after processing; dynamically adjust the laser parameters of the laser (4) to ensure the stability and uniformity of the molten pool temperature.

2. The 3D printing forming device for controlling forming quality using thermal imaging according to claim 1, characterized in that: The powder spreading device (7) comprises a powder control cover plate (701) and a powder scraper (702). The powder scraper (702) is installed on the powder control cover plate (701) and is located at the rear side of the powder outlet of the falling powder spreading head (3) for compacting and flattening the falling powder. The front and rear sides of the powder control cover plate (701) are also symmetrically provided with air vents (703) for balancing the air pressure between the powder layer and the powder spreading head so that the powder spreading process proceeds smoothly.

3. The 3D printing forming device for controlling forming quality using thermal imaging according to claim 1, characterized in that: The infrared thermal imaging detection head (2) comprises an infrared sensing element (201), a replaceable infrared lens (202), a detection head protective shell (203), an Ethernet connection interface (204), a status indicator light (205), and a detection head power interface (206); the infrared sensing element (201) is mounted at the center of the front of the infrared thermal imaging detection head (2) and is used to convert the received infrared radiation signal into an electrical signal; the replaceable infrared lens (202) is fixed to the infrared thermal imaging detection head (2) and is arranged outside the infrared sensing element (201) and is used to receive and converge the infrared radiation emitted by the object to be detected; the detection head protective shell (203) is fixedly connected to the infrared sensing element (201) and is used to convert the received infrared radiation signal into an electrical signal; the replaceable infrared lens (202) is fixed to the infrared thermal imaging detection head (2) and is arranged outside the infrared sensing element (201) and is used to receive and converge the infrared radiation emitted by the object to be detected; the detection head protective shell (203) is fixedly connected to the infrared sensing element (201) and is used to convert the received infrared radiation signal into an electrical signal; the infrared sensing element (201 ... The front of the infrared thermal imaging detection head (2) is used to protect the infrared thermal imaging detection head from damage by external influences; the Ethernet connection interface (204) is on one side of the back of the infrared thermal imaging detection head (2), and the infrared thermal imaging detection head (2) is connected to the control end (9) through the Ethernet connection interface (204); the status indicator light (205) is installed on the top of the back of the infrared thermal imaging detection head (2), and indicates the current working state of the infrared thermal imaging detection head (2) through different colors of lights and flashing; the detection head power interface (206) is on the other side of the back of the infrared thermal imaging detection head (2), and is connected to a DC power supply to provide energy for the infrared thermal imaging detection head (2).

4. The 3D printing forming device for controlling forming quality using thermal imaging according to claim 1, characterized in that: The falling powder spreading head (3) is provided with a powder inlet (301), a powder outlet (302) and a powder spreading device fixing snap-in (304); the powder inlet (301) is located on the upper surface of the falling powder spreading head (3), the powder outlet (302) is located on the lower surface of the falling powder spreading head (3), and the powder spreading device fixing snap-in (304) is located below the falling powder spreading head (3); powder spreading head hanging ears (303) are installed on two side surfaces of the falling powder spreading head (3), and the powder spreading head hanging ears (303) can move forward and backward along the powder spreading head moving track (101).

5. A 3D printing method for controlling the forming quality using thermal imaging, characterized in that: The method is implemented based on the 3D printing forming device according to claim 1, and the method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Use computer-aided design software to create a 3D model of the part to be printed, convert the 3D model into an STL file, and import it into a slicing software; use the slicing software to divide the model into thin layers, with each layer ranging in thickness from 20 to 100 microns; and generate a scanning path for each layer; Step 2: The forming chamber (1) is made to reach a set vacuum degree, temperature and be filled with inert gas; the leveling bolts (5) of the powder spreading head are adjusted so that the gap between the falling powder spreading head (3) and the forming substrate (8) is uniform and less than 2 mm; the forming substrate (8) is preheated to a set temperature; Step 3: Start the laser (4), open the powder supply system, and allow the metal powder to enter the falling powder spreading head (3) through the powder inlet (301) and fall from the powder outlet (302) onto the surface of the forming substrate (8); the laser (4) scans and melts the metal powder layer by layer according to a preset scanning path; the laser beam melts the powder to form a molten pool, which solidifies into a metal layer after cooling, and is stacked layer by layer to form a part; Step 4: During the laser scanning process, the infrared thermal imaging probe (2) monitors the temperature distribution of the molten pool and the surrounding area in real time, capturing temperature changes and abnormal conditions; the data feedback of the infrared thermal imaging probe (2) is processed by the control system, and the laser parameters are dynamically adjusted according to the temperature data to ensure the stability and uniformity of the molten pool temperature, improve the forming quality, and reduce thermal stress and deformation; Step 5: Repeat the powder laying, laser scanning, infrared monitoring and parameter adjustment processes in steps 3 and 4 to form the part layer by layer until the part is printed.

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