A western flower thrips attractant and its application

Abstract

The invention discloses an attractant for western flower thrips and its application, and belongs to the technical field of pest attractants. The attractant for western flower thrips of the invention comprises at least one of n-butyraldehyde and (E,Z)-2,6-nonadienal as active ingredients, and the concentration of the active ingredients is 0.001-10 mg / mL. The attractant for western flower thrips of the invention has a good attracting effect on adults of western flower thrips. The compounding of n-butyraldehyde and (E,Z)-2,6-nonadienal can make up for the defect that a single (E,Z)-2,6-nonadienal achieves a high attracting effect but uses an excessively high concentration. The compounded attractant has a significant attracting effect at an extremely low dose. In addition, the attractant of the invention is a plant-derived compound, does not pollute the environment; pests are not easy to develop resistance; the components are simple, the synthesis is convenient, it is economical and environmentally friendly, and it is easy to promote and apply.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of pest attractants, and particularly relates to a western flower thrips attractant and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Western Flower Thrips Frankliniella occidentalis ), which belongs to the order Thysanoptera ( Thysanoptera )Thrips Thripidae )Thrips Frankliniella Since the 1980s, it has spread rapidly to all continents and caused huge losses. F. occidentalis ) is a polyphagous insect with a very wide host range. Currently, there are more than 500 known host plants, and with the deepening of research, new host plants are constantly being discovered. Its host plants include various important economic crops, vegetables, and flowers, such as tobacco, potatoes, eggplants, peppers, pumpkins, chrysanthemums, cotton, etc. Different parts of the host plant can be harmed by western flower thrips, and the damage caused to different parts is different. In addition to the damage caused by direct feeding, western flower thrips can spread tomato spotted wilt virus in a persistent way ( Tospoviruses ), such as tomato spotted wilt virus ( Tomato spotted wilt virus , TSWV) and Impatiens necrotic spot virus ( Impatiens necrotic spot tospovirus , INSV). Moreover, the losses caused by virus transmission are far greater than the losses caused by direct feeding. Therefore, the prevention and control of western flower thrips is particularly important.

[0003] Western flower thrips have strong reproductive capacity, small individuals, and are extremely hidden. General field control (agricultural control, biological control, and physical control) is difficult to effectively control. Chemical control is the main means of control, but excessive use of chemical pesticides can easily lead to varying degrees of resistance of western flower thrips to chemical pesticides. In addition, the use of chemical agents will cause certain pollution to the environment and even harm to the human body. Therefore, it is necessary to develop safer and more efficient attractants to control western flower thrips. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a western flower thrips attractant and application thereof.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A western flower thrips attractant, wherein the active ingredient is at least one of n-butyraldehyde and (E,Z)-2,6-nonadienal; when the active ingredient is n-butyraldehyde, the concentration is 0.001-1 mg / mL; when the active ingredient is (E,Z)-2,6-nonadienal, the concentration is 0.001-1 mg / mL; when the active ingredients are n-butyraldehyde and (E,Z)-2,6-nonadienal, the concentrations of n-butyraldehyde and (E,Z)-2,6-nonadienal are 0.001 mg / mL and 0.001-1 mg / mL, respectively.

[0007] On the basis of the above scheme, when the active ingredient is n-butyraldehyde, the concentration of n-butyraldehyde is 0.001 mg / mL.

[0008] On the basis of the above scheme, when the active ingredient is (E,Z)-2,6-nonadienal, the concentration of the (E,Z)-2,6-nonadienal is 0.01-1 mg / mL.

[0009] Based on the above scheme, the western flower thrips attractant also contains a pesticide-acceptable carrier or solvent.

[0010] The application of the western flower thrips attractant is used for preventing and controlling western flower thrips and / or monitoring the number of western flower thrips.

[0011] On the basis of the above scheme, when used for preventing and controlling western flower thrips and / or monitoring the number of western flower thrips, the western flower thrips attractant is applied to the field infested by western flower thrips.

[0012] Advantages of the technical solution of the present invention

[0013] The western flower thrips attractant of the present invention has a good attracting effect on western flower thrips adults. The number of western flower thrips attracted decreases with the increase of n-butyraldehyde concentration and increases with the increase of (E,Z)-2,6-nonadienal concentration. The compounding of n-butyraldehyde and (E,Z)-2,6-nonadienal can make up for the defect that a single (E,Z)-2,6-nonadienal is used at too high a concentration to achieve a high attracting effect. The compounded attractant has a significant attracting effect at an extremely low dose. In addition, the attractant of the present invention is a plant-derived compound, does not pollute the environment, is not easy for pests to develop resistance, has simple components, is convenient to synthesize, is economical and environmentally friendly, and is easy to promote and apply. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 Screening for differential metabolites between the WT group and the TSWV group;

[0015] Figure 2 Volcano plot for screening of differential metabolites between WT group and TSWV group;

[0016] Figure 3This is a bar graph of the differential metabolite changes between the WT group and the TSWV group (WT represents wild type, TSWV represents plants infected with tomato spotted wilt virus, * and ** represent significant differences obtained by analysis of variance using Tukey's HSD test (p < 0.01)). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The terms used in the present invention, unless otherwise specified, generally have the meanings commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art. The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific examples and with reference to data. The following examples are intended to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in any way.

[0018] The experimental methods in the following examples, unless otherwise specified, are all conventional methods, and are performed according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the field or according to the product instructions. The experimental materials, reagents, drugs, etc. used in the following examples, unless otherwise specified, can all be purchased through general channels.

[0019] The volatile compounds of healthy and tomato spotted wilt virus infected Nicotiana benthamiana plants were determined by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.

[0020] Instruments used: Agilent-7890B gas chromatograph, Agilent-5977B mass spectrometer, Agilent-DW- Wax (30m×250mm×0.25mm) chromatographic column.

[0021] On-machine detection parameters: extraction temperature 60℃, preheating time 15min, extraction time 30min, analysis time 4min; Splitless Mode, septum purge flow rate 3mL / min; column flow rate 1mL / min; helium carrier gas (Helium), inlet temperature 250℃; set EI source 70eV, transfer line temperature 250℃, ion source temperature 230℃, quadrupole temperature 150℃, Scan, mass range m / z: 20-400.

[0022] The volatiles of healthy wild-type (WT group) and Tomato spotted wilt virus-infected Nicotiana benthamiana (TSWV group) plants were compared. Figure 1-Figure 3 shown.

[0023] Figure 1 It represents the ratio of the quantitative mean values ​​of the WT group and the TSWV group in multiple repetitions. The differentially expressed proteins were screened according to the relative quantitative value greater than 1.3 times or less than 1 / 1.3, and the statistical T test p was less than 0.05. The relative quantitative value>1.3 was significantly upregulated, and the relative quantitative value<1 / 1.3 was significantly downregulated.

[0024] Figure 2 Each point in the volcano plot represents a peak, and the figure contains all the substances measured in this experiment. The horizontal axis represents the fold change of each substance in the group (taking the logarithm with base 2), the vertical axis represents the P-value of the student's t-test (taking the negative number of the logarithm with base 10), and the size of the scatter point represents the VIP value of the OPLS-DA model. The larger the scatter point, the greater the VIP value. Significantly upregulated metabolites are represented in red, significantly downregulated metabolites are represented in blue, and non-significantly different metabolites are gray.

[0025] Figure 3 It can be seen that after TSWV infects N. benthamiana, it can significantly induce the increase of the volatility of n-butyraldehyde and (E,Z)-2,6-nonadienal. Therefore, based on n-butyraldehyde and (E,Z)-2,6-nonadienal, the attractant effect of the two on western flower thrips was studied and an attractant was developed.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] A western flower thrips attractant, wherein the active ingredient is n-butyraldehyde and the concentration is 0.001 mg / mL.

[0028] Example 2

[0029] A western flower thrips attractant, wherein the active ingredient is n-butyraldehyde and the concentration is 0.01 mg / mL.

[0030] Example 3

[0031] A western flower thrips attractant, wherein the active ingredient is n-butyraldehyde and the concentration is 0.1 mg / mL.

[0032] Example 4

[0033] A western flower thrips attractant, wherein the active ingredient is n-butyraldehyde and the concentration is 1 mg / mL.

[0034] Example 5

[0035] A western flower thrips attractant, wherein the active ingredient is (E,Z)-2,6-nonadienal and the concentration is 0.001 mg / mL.

[0036] Example 6

[0037] A western flower thrips attractant, wherein the active ingredient is (E,Z)-2,6-nonadienal and the concentration is 0.01 mg / mL.

[0038] Example 7

[0039] A western flower thrips attractant, wherein the active ingredient is (E,Z)-2,6-nonadienal and the concentration is 0.1 mg / mL.

[0040] Example 8

[0041] A western flower thrips attractant, wherein the active ingredient is (E,Z)-2,6-nonadienal and the concentration is 1 mg / mL.

[0042] Example 9

[0043] A western flower thrips attractant, wherein the active ingredients are n-butyraldehyde and (E,Z)-2,6-nonadienal, wherein the concentrations of n-butyraldehyde and (E,Z)-2,6-nonadienal are both 0.001 mg / mL.

[0044] Example 10

[0045] A western flower thrips attractant, wherein the active ingredients are n-butyraldehyde and (E,Z)-2,6-nonadienal, wherein the concentration of n-butyraldehyde is 0.001 mg / mL, and the concentration of (E,Z)-2,6-nonadienal is 0.01 mg / mL.

[0046] Embodiment 11

[0047] A western flower thrips attractant, wherein the active ingredients are n-butyraldehyde and (E,Z)-2,6-nonadienal, wherein the concentration of n-butyraldehyde is 0.001 mg / mL, and the concentration of (E,Z)-2,6-nonadienal is 0.1 mg / mL.

[0048] Example 12

[0049] A western flower thrips attractant, wherein the active ingredients are n-butyraldehyde and (E,Z)-2,6-nonadienal, wherein the concentration of n-butyraldehyde is 0.001 mg / mL, and the concentration of (E,Z)-2,6-nonadienal is 1 mg / mL.

[0050] Determination of the attractant effect of different attractants on western flower thrips

[0051] Test insects: Western flower thrips were raised in the laboratory and fed with kidney beans in glass storage bottles. The rearing conditions were: 26℃, photoperiod 16:8, and humidity 55%. Eggs of the same age were collected every day to ensure that the age of the thrips used in the experiment was consistent.

[0052] The attractants used for the test: n-butyraldehyde (CAS No.: 123-72-8) and (E,Z)-2,6-nonadienal (CAS No.: 557-48-2) were purchased from Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany, with a purity of 95%.

[0053] Use ethanol (analytical grade) as solvent to prepare gradient solutions of each test attractant: n-butyraldehyde 1, 0.1, 0.01, 0.001 mg / mL; (E,Z)-2,6-nonadienal 1, 0.1, 0.01, 0.001 mg / mL; n-butyraldehyde + (E,Z)-2,6-nonadienal 0.001+0.001 mg / mL, 0.001+0.01 mg / mL, 0.001+0.1 mg / mL, 0.001+1 mg / mL.

[0054] Determination method: First, the Y-type olfactometer method was used to measure the above-mentioned different attractants.

[0055] The Y-type olfactometer is made of transparent glass and includes a middle arm and two side arms (selection arms), as well as a gas flowmeter, a gas washing bottle, an air purification bottle, and an air pump connected to the two side arms by an odorless silicone tube; the length of the three arms of the olfactometer is 10 cm, the inner diameter is 2 cm, and the angle between the two side arms is 90°. A filter paper strip (1 cm × 2 cm) dripped with 10 mL of the attractant solution to be tested is placed in one selection arm, and a filter paper strip dripped with the same amount of solvent (ethanol) is placed in the other selection arm as a control; then 20 adult western flower thrips that have been starved for 4 hours are introduced into the middle arm, and their selection behavior within 5 minutes is observed. Entering 1 / 2 of the length of one side wall and staying for 30 seconds is recorded as choosing this arm. The trapping rate is calculated using the following formula:

[0056] The trapping rate % = the number of insects attracted ÷ the total number of insects × 100%;

[0057] Each attractant solution was tested three times and the average value was calculated.

[0058] The results are shown in Table 1.

[0059] Table 1 The selection trend of western flower thrips to different attractants

[0060]

[0061] As can be seen from Table 1, when different concentrations of n-butyraldehyde were used for treatment, it was found that the number of traps of western flower thrips decreased significantly with the increase of concentration, among which the number of traps was the largest when the n-butyraldehyde concentration was 0.001 mg / mL; when different concentrations of (E,Z)-2,6-nonadienal were used for treatment, it was found that the number of traps of western flower thrips increased significantly with the increase of concentration; when n-butyraldehyde and (E,Z)-2,6-nonadienal were used in combination, the concentrations of the two were 0.001 mg / mL and 1 mg / mL respectively, the trapping effect on western flower thrips was the best.

[0062] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the present invention in other forms. Any technician familiar with the profession may use the above disclosed technical content to change or modify it into an equivalent embodiment with equivalent changes. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiment according to the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the technical solution of the present invention still belongs to the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A western flower thrips attractant, characterized in that: The active ingredients are n-butyraldehyde and (E,Z)-2,6-nonadienal; the concentrations of n-butyraldehyde and (E,Z)-2,6-nonadienal are 0.001 mg / mL and 0.001-1 mg / mL, respectively.

2. The western flower thrips attractant according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also contains a pesticidally acceptable carrier or solvent.

3. The use of the western flower thrips attractant according to claim 2, characterized in that: For the control of western flower thrips and / or monitoring of western flower thrips populations.

4. The use of the western flower thrips attractant according to claim 3, characterized in that: When used to control western flower thrips and / or monitor the number of western flower thrips, the western flower thrips attractant is applied to the fields infested by western flower thrips.

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