A gas turbine fuel nozzle

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of gas turbine fuel nozzles, including duty road gas pipeline, main road gas pipeline, main fuel distribution cavity, duty fuel distribution cavity, swirler blade, main road fuel nozzle and duty fuel air mixing cavity, the upper portion of the outer wall of duty fuel air mixing cavity is provided with multiple air holes, and the bottom of duty fuel air mixing cavity is provided with center nozzle;Duty gas cavity is arranged in duty fuel air mixing cavity, and the bottom of duty gas cavity is provided with multiple center holes;Duty road gas enters duty fuel air mixing cavity through center hole and mixes with the air entering from air hole, and is ignited by igniter, fuel is sprayed through center nozzle, and pencil type flame is formed when gas turbine is in no-load condition.The present application can solve the problem that gas turbine is easily extinguished during acceleration process, especially when reaching no-load condition;At the same time, the fuel air ratio of duty flame reaches reasonable value when gas turbine is in different load conditions, so that the NOx emission of the whole nozzle is greatly reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of gas turbine technology, in particular to a gas turbine fuel nozzle. BACKGROUND

[0002] A gas turbine is a heat engine that extracts some of the heat energy from a flow of combustion gases, converts it into useful work, and releases the remaining energy against the environment. Typical gas turbines consist of three main components: a compressor, a combustion chamber, and a turbine. Among them, the fuel nozzle is an important part of the combustion chamber of the gas turbine, which is used to inject fuel into the combustion chamber for combustion to release energy, and then output power to the outside through the turbine.

[0003] At present, with the gradual improvement of environmental protection standards, the industry has become more and more strict on the pollutant emission of gas turbines, especially ground gas turbines. In order to reduce the emission of pollutants such as nitrogen oxides (NOx), dry low pollution combustion technology has been widely used as an energy-saving and environmentally friendly combustion technology with great prospects. It requires that the fuel and air be mixed as uniformly as possible before combustion to ensure that no local high temperature is generated during combustion, which greatly limits the generation of thermal nitrogen oxides, thereby reducing the emission of nitrogen oxides. The above-mentioned combustion technology puts forward higher requirements for the fuel mixing performance of the fuel nozzle.

[0004] However, due to the requirement for the efficiency of the gas turbine, in the design of the existing gas turbine, a heat preservation structure is usually wrapped around the wall surface of the combustion chamber, or a regenerative gas passage is arranged around the combustion chamber. This will increase the distance between the outer shell of the gas turbine and the combustion chamber, resulting in a fuel nozzle with a large length-diameter ratio arranged therebetween, making it difficult to meet the design requirements for the fuel mixing performance of the fuel nozzle. In addition, during the acceleration process of the gas turbine, especially when reaching the no-load condition, the air quantity is maximum and the fuel quantity is minimum, at which time it is easy to extinguish.

[0005] Therefore, we propose a gas turbine fuel nozzle. SUMMARY

[0006] The applicant provides a gas turbine fuel nozzle to solve the problem that the gas turbine is easy to extinguish during the acceleration process, especially when reaching the no-load condition. At the same time, the fuel-air ratio of the pilot flame is reasonable under different load conditions of the gas turbine, and the NOx emission of the entire nozzle is greatly reduced.

[0007] The technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows:

[0008] A gas turbine fuel nozzle comprises:

[0009] A pilot fuel gas pipeline for transporting pilot fuel gas;

[0010] Main road gas pipeline, for transporting main road gas;

[0011] Main fuel distribution cavity, the main road gas pipeline is communicated;

[0012] Standby fuel distribution cavity, communicated with standby road gas pipeline;

[0013] Swirler vane, disposed below the main fuel distribution cavity and the standby fuel distribution cavity;

[0014] Main road fuel nozzle, disposed beside the swirler vane, communicated with the main fuel distribution cavity;

[0015] Standby fuel-air mixing cavity, disposed in the swirler vane, a plurality of air holes are disposed on the outer wall of the standby fuel-air mixing cavity, and a central nozzle is disposed at the bottom of the standby fuel-air mixing cavity;

[0016] Standby gas cavity, disposed in the standby fuel-air mixing cavity, communicated with the standby fuel distribution cavity, and a plurality of central holes are disposed at the bottom of the standby gas cavity;

[0017] Wherein, the standby road gas enters the standby fuel-air mixing cavity through the central hole and mixes with the air entering from the air hole, and is ignited by the igniter, and the fuel is sprayed out through the central nozzle, forming a pencil-shaped flame in the gas turbine idle condition.

[0018] It is further characterized in that:

[0019] It further includes a gas nozzle shell, a nozzle flange is disposed at the top of the gas nozzle shell, a main road rectifier plate and a standby road rectifier plate are disposed at the bottom of the gas nozzle shell, the main road rectifier plate is connected with the main road gas pipeline through a main road pipeline support, and the standby road rectifier plate is connected with the standby road gas pipeline through a standby road pipeline support.

[0020] The main road rectifier plate is provided with a main road rectifier hole, and the standby road rectifier plate is provided with a standby road rectifier hole, the main road rectifier hole is communicated with the main road gas pipeline, and the standby road rectifier hole is communicated with the standby road gas pipeline.

[0021] The main road rectifier plate and the standby road rectifier plate are provided below with a same fuel groove seat body, a cavity between the fuel groove seat body and the main road rectifier plate is a main fuel distribution cavity, and a cavity between the fuel groove seat body and the standby road rectifier plate is a standby fuel distribution cavity.

[0022] The fuel groove seat body is provided at the center with an igniter fixing hole, the bottom of the igniter is connected with the top of the igniter fixing hole, and the igniter is further connected with the standby road rectifier plate.

[0023] The bottom of the fuel tank seat body is provided with a back plate and a back plate fixing plate, the back plate fixing plate is arranged outside the back plate, a back plate hole is arranged on the back plate, a duty fuel distribution hole is arranged in the middle of the bottom of the duty fuel distribution cavity, and the back plate hole is in communication with the duty fuel distribution hole and the duty gas cavity.

[0024] The cyclone vane is arranged at the bottom of the back plate, eight bolt holes are arranged in the edge portion of the fuel tank seat body, eight through holes are arranged in the edge portion of the back plate fixing plate, a threaded hole is arranged at the bottom of the cyclone vane, and the cyclone vane and the back plate fixing plate are connected on the fuel tank seat body through the threaded hole, the through hole and the bolt hole.

[0025] The main road fuel nozzle is provided with a fuel hole, and the cyclone vane is provided with a main road fuel-air mixing cavity.

[0026] The bottom outer side of the cyclone vane is provided with a cyclone ring, and the bottom inner side of the cyclone vane is provided with a nozzle throat.

[0027] The fuel tank seat body is provided with eight small holes at the bottom periphery of the main fuel distribution cavity, and the main road gas is distributed in the main fuel distribution cavity through the eight small holes.

[0028] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows:

[0029] The present application has the advantages of compact and reasonable structure, convenient operation, maximum air amount entering from the air hole, minimum fuel amount of the duty road gas, fast flow rate of the mixed gas, pencil-shaped flame of the center nozzle, strong stability, difficulty in being affected by the main road backflow cold air and difficulty in being extinguished during the acceleration process of the gas turbine, especially during the no-load working condition, small air amount entering through the air hole, large fuel amount of the duty road gas, slow flow rate of the mixed gas, reasonable value of the duty flame fuel-air ratio under different load working conditions of the gas turbine, pre-mixed flame, large reduction of NOx emission, original pre-mixed flame of the main road, large reduction of NOx emission of the whole nozzle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 The present application is a structural schematic diagram.

[0031] Figure 2 The present application is a top view. Figure 1 The present application is a top view.

[0032] Figure 3 The present application is a top view. Figure 2 The present application is a top view.

[0033] Wherein: 101, nozzle flange; 102, standby road gas pipeline; 103, standby road gas; 104, igniter; 105, main road gas pipeline; 106, main road gas; 107, gas nozzle shell; 108, main road pipeline support; 109, standby road pipeline support; 110, main road rectifier plate; 111, main road rectifier hole; 112, standby road rectifier plate; 113, standby road rectifier hole; 114, main fuel distribution cavity; 115, standby fuel distribution cavity; 116, fuel tank seat body; 117, standby fuel distribution hole; 118, igniter fixing hole; 119, back plate fixing plate; 120, main road fuel nozzle; 121, fuel hole; 122, main road fuel-air mixing cavity; 123, cyclone vane; 124, threaded hole; 125, bolt; 126, cyclone ring; 127, nozzle throat; 201, back plate; 202, back plate hole; 203, standby fuel-air mixing cavity; 204, air hole; 205, standby gas cavity; 206, center hole; 207, center nozzle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The specific embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0035] As Figures 1-3 shown, a gas turbine fuel nozzle includes a standby road, a main fuel road and an air road, the main fuel road is a gas road located on the outside, the standby road is a gas road located in the middle, and the air road is located on the outermost side. The gas nozzle includes a nozzle flange 101, a gas nozzle shell 107, a standby road gas pipeline 102 and a main road gas pipeline 105, etc. The main road gas 106 is transported through the main road gas pipeline 105, and the standby road gas 103 is transported through the standby road gas pipeline 102.

[0036] The nozzle flange 101 is arranged at the top of the gas nozzle shell 107, and the on-duty road gas pipeline 102 is arranged with an on-duty road pipeline support 109 at one end. The on-duty road gas pipeline 102 and the on-duty road pipeline support 109 can be connected by brazing. The main road gas pipeline 105 is arranged with a main road pipeline support 108 at one end, and the main road gas pipeline 105 and the main road pipeline support 108 can be connected by brazing. The main road pipeline support 108 is arranged with a main road rectifier plate 110 at the bottom, and the main road pipeline support 108 and the main road rectifier plate 110 can be connected by brazing. The main road rectifier plate 110 is arranged with a main road rectifier hole 111, and the main road rectifier hole 111 is in communication with the main road gas pipeline 105. The on-duty road pipeline support 109 is arranged with an on-duty road rectifier plate 112 at the bottom, and the on-duty road pipeline support 109 and the on-duty road rectifier plate 112 can be connected by brazing. The on-duty road rectifier plate 112 is arranged with an on-duty road rectifier hole 113, and the on-duty road rectifier hole 113 is in communication with the on-duty road gas pipeline 102. The on-duty road rectifier plate 112 is arranged with an igniter 104, and the igniter 104 and the on-duty road rectifier plate 112 can be connected by brazing. The main road rectifier plate 110 and the on-duty road rectifier plate 112 can be connected by brazing.

[0037] The main road rectifier plate 110 and the on-duty road rectifier plate 112 are arranged below the same fuel tank seat body 116, and the main road rectifier plate 110 and the fuel tank seat body 116 can be connected by brazing. The on-duty road rectifier plate 112 and the fuel tank seat body 116 can be connected by brazing. The igniter 104 is connected with the fuel tank seat body 116, and the igniter 104 and the fuel tank seat body 116 can be connected by brazing. The fuel tank seat body 116 is arranged with an igniter fixing hole 118 at the center, the igniter 104 is connected with the igniter fixing hole 118, and the igniter 104 and the igniter fixing hole 118 can be connected by brazing, thereby fixing the igniter 104. The fuel tank seat body 116 is arranged with a back plate 201 and a back plate fixing plate 119 at the bottom, the back plate fixing plate 119 is arranged outside the back plate 201, and the back plate 201 and the back plate fixing plate 119 can be connected by brazing. The fuel tank seat body 116 and the back plate 201 can be connected by brazing, and the fuel tank seat body 116 and the back plate fixing plate 119 can be connected by brazing.

[0038] The back plate fixing plate 119 is arranged with a cyclone vane 123 at the bottom, and the back plate fixing plate 119 and the cyclone vane 123 are in contact. The fuel tank seat body 116 is arranged with eight bolt holes at the edge portion, the back plate fixing plate 119 is arranged with eight through holes at the edge portion, the cyclone vane 123 is arranged with a threaded hole 124 at the bottom, and the cyclone vane 123 and the back plate fixing plate 119 are connected on the fuel tank seat body 116 through the threaded hole 124, the through hole and the bolt hole.

[0039] The main fuel nozzle 120 is arranged near the swirler blade 123, and the main fuel nozzle 120 is communicated with the main fuel distribution cavity 114. The fuel hole 121 is arranged on the main fuel nozzle 120. The main fuel-air mixing cavity 122 is arranged in the swirler blade 123. The fuel hole 121 is communicated with the main fuel-air mixing cavity 122. The swirler ring 126 is arranged outside the bottom of the swirler blade 123. The swirler ring 126 can be connected with the swirler blade 123 by brazing. The nozzle throat 127 is arranged inside the bottom of the swirler blade 123. The swirler blade 123 can be connected with the nozzle throat 127 by brazing.

[0040] The cavity between the fuel groove seat body 116 and the main road rectifier plate 110 is the main fuel distribution cavity 114. The main fuel distribution cavity 114 is communicated with the main road gas pipeline 105 through the main road rectifier hole 111. The cavity between the fuel groove seat body 116 and the standby road rectifier plate 112 is the standby fuel distribution cavity 115. The standby fuel distribution cavity 115 is communicated with the standby road gas pipeline 102 through the standby road rectifier hole 113. The standby fuel distribution hole 117 is arranged in the middle of the bottom of the standby fuel distribution cavity 115.

[0041] Eight small holes are arranged on the bottom of the main fuel distribution cavity 114 of the fuel groove seat body 116. The main road gas 106 is distributed in the main fuel distribution cavity 114 through the eight small holes.

[0042] The back plate 201 is arranged with the back plate hole 202. The back plate 201 is arranged with the standby fuel-air mixing cavity 203 and the standby gas cavity 205 at the bottom. The standby fuel-air mixing cavity 203 and the standby gas cavity 205 are arranged in the swirler blade 123. The standby gas cavity 205 is arranged in the standby fuel-air mixing cavity 203. Eight center holes 206 are arranged around the bottom of the standby gas cavity 205. The standby gas cavity 205 is communicated with the standby fuel distribution hole 117 through the back plate hole 202. Eight air holes 204 are arranged on the outer wall of the bottom of the standby fuel-air mixing cavity 203. The center nozzle 207 is arranged at the bottom of the standby fuel-air mixing cavity 203.

[0043] When the gas turbine works, the main road gas 106 is transported through the main road gas pipeline 105. The main road gas 106 enters the main fuel distribution cavity 114 through the main road rectifier hole 111. The main road gas 106 enters the main fuel nozzle 120 through the eight small holes in the main fuel distribution cavity 114. Then, under the action of the pressure difference, the main road gas 106 and the air enter the main fuel-air mixing cavity 122 through the fuel hole 121 and are mixed.

[0044] The standby road fuel gas 103 is transported through the standby road fuel gas pipeline 102, enters the standby fuel distribution cavity 115 through the standby road rectifying hole 113, enters the standby fuel gas cavity 205 through the standby fuel distribution hole 117 and the back plate hole 202, and then enters the standby fuel air mixing cavity 203 through the center hole 206, and mixes with the air entering from the air hole 204. The standby road fuel gas 103 is ignited by the igniter 104, the fuel is discharged through the center nozzle 207, the flame enters the combustion chamber through the nozzle throat 127, and then ignites the mixed gas of the main road fuel gas 106 and the air in the main road fuel air mixing cavity 122.

[0045] During the acceleration process of the engine, especially when reaching the no-load working condition, the amount of air entering from the air hole 204 is the largest, the amount of fuel of the standby road fuel gas 103 is the smallest, and the flow rate of the mixed gas is fast. Due to the action of the standby fuel air mixing cavity 203, the center nozzle 207 sprays a pencil-shaped flame, which is stable and not easy to be extinguished by the cold air backflow of the main road. At the same time, when the engine is in full load working condition, the amount of air entering through the air hole 204 is small, and the amount of fuel of the standby road fuel gas 103 is large, so the flow rate of the mixed gas is slow, which can make the fuel air ratio of the standby flame reach a reasonable value, form a premixed flame, and greatly reduce the NOx emission. Combined with the original premixed flame of the main road, the NOx emission of the entire nozzle is greatly reduced.

[0046] The above description is an explanation of the application, not a limitation of the application, the scope of the application is defined in the claims, within the protection scope of the application, any form of modification can be made.

Claims

1. A gas turbine fuel nozzle characterized by, include: The duty road gas pipeline (102) is used to transport duty road gas (103). Main gas pipeline (105) is used to transport main gas (106); The main fuel distribution chamber (114) is connected to the main gas pipeline (105); The duty fuel distribution chamber (115) is connected to the duty gas pipeline (102); The cyclone blades (123) are located below the main fuel distribution chamber (114) and the duty fuel distribution chamber (115); The main fuel nozzle (120) is located next to the cyclone blades (123) and is connected to the main fuel distribution chamber (114); The duty air-fuel mixing chamber (203) is installed in the cyclone blade (123). Multiple air holes (204) are provided on the upper part of the outer wall of the duty air-fuel mixing chamber (203), and a central nozzle (207) is provided at the bottom of the duty air-fuel mixing chamber (203). The duty gas chamber (205) is set in the duty air-fuel mixing chamber (203). The duty gas chamber (205) is connected to the duty fuel distribution chamber (115). Multiple central holes (206) are provided at the bottom of the duty gas chamber (205). It also includes a gas nozzle housing (107), a nozzle flange (101) is provided on the top of the gas nozzle housing (107), and a main road rectifier plate (110) and a duty road rectifier plate (112) are provided at the bottom of the gas nozzle housing (107). The main road rectifier plate (110) is connected to the main road gas pipeline (105) through the main road pipeline support (108), and the duty road rectifier plate (112) is connected to the duty road gas pipeline (102) through the duty road pipeline support (109). The main road rectifier plate (110) is provided with a main road rectifier hole (111), and the duty road rectifier plate (112) is provided with a duty road rectifier hole (113). The main road rectifier hole (111) is connected to the main road gas pipeline (105), and the duty road rectifier hole (113) is connected to the duty road gas pipeline (102). The same fuel tank seat (116) is provided below the main road rectifier plate (110) and the duty road rectifier plate (112). The cavity between the fuel tank seat (116) and the main road rectifier plate (110) is the main fuel distribution cavity (114), and the cavity between the fuel tank seat (116) and the duty road rectifier plate (112) is the duty fuel distribution cavity (115). The fuel tank seat (116) is provided with a back plate (201) and a back plate fixing plate (119) at the bottom. The back plate fixing plate (119) is located on the outside of the back plate (201). A back plate hole (202) is provided on the back plate (201). A duty fuel distribution hole (117) is provided in the middle of the bottom of the duty fuel distribution chamber (115) of the fuel tank seat (116). The back plate hole (202) is connected to the duty fuel distribution hole (117) and the duty gas chamber (205). The main fuel nozzle (120) is provided with a fuel hole (121), and the main air-fuel mixing chamber (122) is provided inside the cyclone blade (123). The fuel hole (121) is connected to the main air-fuel mixing chamber (122). The bottom of the swirler blade (123) is provided with a swirler ring (126) on the outside, and the bottom of the swirler blade (123) is provided with a nozzle throat (127) on the inside. Wherein, the on-duty road gas (103) enters the on-duty fuel-air mixing cavity (203) through the center hole (206) and mixes with the air entering from the air hole (204), and is ignited by the igniter (104), and the fuel is sprayed out through the center nozzle (207); When the gas turbine is in the no-load working condition, the amount of air entering from the air hole (204) is the largest, the amount of fuel of the on-duty road gas (103) is the smallest, and the flow rate of the mixed gas is fast, and due to the action of the on-duty fuel-air mixing cavity (203), the center nozzle (207) sprays a pencil-shaped flame.

2. A gas turbine fuel nozzle as recited in claim 1, characterized by: The fuel tank seat body (116) is provided with an igniter fixing hole (118) in the center, the bottom of the igniter (104) is connected with the top of the igniter fixing hole (118), and the igniter (104) is also connected with the on-duty road rectifier plate (112).

3. A gas turbine fuel nozzle as recited in claim 1, characterized by: The swirler blade (123) is arranged at the bottom of the back plate (201), the edge portion of the fuel tank seat body (116) is provided with eight bolt holes, the edge portion of the back plate fixing plate (119) is provided with eight through holes, the bottom of the swirler blade (123) is provided with a threaded hole (124), and the swirler blade (123) and the back plate fixing plate (119) are connected on the fuel tank seat body (116) through the threaded hole (124), the through hole and the bolt hole.

4. A gas turbine fuel nozzle as recited in claim 3, characterized by: The fuel tank seat body (116) is provided with eight small holes at the bottom of the main fuel distribution cavity (114), and the main road gas (106) is distributed in the main fuel distribution cavity (114) through the eight small holes.

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