Natural convection type grape multi-stage solar drying room

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of food drying, and particularly discloses a natural convection type grape multi-stage solar drying room which comprises a fan-free natural convection type ventilation system, a solar multi-stage heating system provided with an air energy heat pump and a vertical grape rotating mechanism. The invention is characterized in that the fan-free natural convection type ventilation system is composed of a moisture exhaust port (1) and a heat collector air inducing cover (8), and the solar multi-stage heating system equipped with the air energy heat pump is composed of a solar heat collector (5), the air energy heat pump (6), a drying chamber (2) and a light-transmitting plate (3). The vertical grape swing mechanism is composed of a grape hook (9), a driven shaft (10), a chain (11), a material frame tray (12), a driving shaft (13), a hook shaft (14), a speed reducer (15), a chain wheel (16) and a bearing seat (17). The natural convection type grape multi-stage solar drying room is high in heat source utilization rate, short in drying period, good in drying quality and suitable for various types of grapes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of agricultural product processing and relates to a natural convection grape multi-stage solar drying room. Background Art

[0002] Dried grapes can alleviate the problem of poor sales of fresh grapes in the ripe season, and can retain the nutritional components of grapes and store grapes, while facilitating transportation. Traditional methods of making raisins mainly include air-drying in the shade and outdoor drying. Air-drying in the shade takes a long time, the color is poor, and it is not easy to dry grapes with a large single grain weight. Although the outdoor drying method is simple and takes a short time to dry, it requires a large drying site, contains a large amount of sand and dust, has poor sanitation, and has safety hazards. The present invention can realize natural convection of air to form a chimney effect. The heated air flows in a natural convection manner under the action of the cold and hot density difference and the chimney effect, realizing fanless ventilation and dehumidification, saving energy consumption, and the heating system can realize multi-stage utilization of solar energy. The air energy heat pump is equipped only at night, on rainy days, or when the drying operation needs to be strengthened, providing a heating option, and the vertical grape rotary mechanism can implement uniform drying, and the grape bunch is controlled to complete the rotary motion in an overall vertical parallel movement posture, ensuring the uniformity and quality of grape drying, and the production efficiency of raisins can be correspondingly improved.

[0003] Chinese patent CN 209268704 U discloses a raisin drying system, including a drying box, a hot air circulation device is provided on the drying box, and the drying efficiency is improved by providing a circulation pipeline, a drum screen and a stirring blade, so that the drying preparation of raisins is more uniform, and the problem of uneven drying of raisins is solved. The device is inconvenient in adding and removing grapes, cannot realize natural air convection, and has a single heating system.

[0004] Chinese patent number CN 212279805 U discloses a grape drying system, which is powered by a motor and uses the cooperation between a rotating cylinder and a solar panel to achieve automatic, batch, and rapid drying of grapes. The device is prone to secondary damage to the grapes during the drying process, has a single heating system, and can only dry a small amount of grapes at a time, and cannot effectively ventilate and dehumidify. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to solve the problems of large energy consumption, uneven drying, long drying time and complicated steps in the existing grape drying.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical scheme: a natural convection grape multi-stage solar drying room, comprising a natural convection ventilation system without a fan, a solar multi-stage heating system equipped with an air energy heat pump and a vertical grape rotating mechanism, characterized in that: the natural convection ventilation system without a fan is composed of a dehumidification port (1) and a collector air hood (8); the solar multi-stage heating system equipped with an air energy heat pump is composed of a solar collector (5), an air energy heat pump (6), a drying chamber (2), and a light-transmitting plate (3); and the vertical grape rotating mechanism is composed of a grape hook (9), a driven shaft (10), a chain (11), a material rack tray (12), a driving shaft (13), a hook shaft (14), a reducer (15), a sprocket (16), and a bearing seat (17).

[0007] A natural convection grape multi-stage solar drying room, characterized in that the space positions of the collector hood (8), drying chamber (2) and dehumidification port (1) of the fanless natural convection ventilation system are respectively designed at the bottom, middle and top of the drying room to form a chimney effect. The heated air flows in a natural convection manner under the action of the cold and hot density difference and the chimney effect, thereby realizing fanless ventilation and dehumidification and saving energy consumption.

[0008] A natural convection grape multi-stage solar drying room, characterized in that the solar collector (5) and the light-transmitting plate (3) of the solar multi-stage heating system equipped with an air energy heat pump are arranged on the sun-facing side, so as to realize three-stage heating of the drying medium air: the first stage heating converts the solar energy into heat energy through the solar collector (5), and implements the first stage heating of the air entering the collector hood (8); the air heated by the first stage flows into the drying room (2) by natural convection under the action of the cold and hot density difference and the chimney effect, and the outer layer of the drying room is a light-transmitting plate (3), which converts the solar energy into heat energy by utilizing the greenhouse effect, and implements the second stage heating of the air flowing into the drying room (2); the third stage heating is completed by the air energy heat pump (6) to meet the requirements of intensive drying operation or drying operation at night or on rainy days.

[0009] A natural convection grape multi-stage solar drying room, characterized in that the vertical grape rotating mechanism is supported by four bearing seats (17), one end of the vertical grape rotating mechanism is connected to a reducer (15), a driving shaft (13) and a sprocket (16) are connected to the reducer (15) through a key, the sprockets on the same side are connected through a chain (11), a hook shaft (14) is arranged between the two sprockets (16), the sprocket (16) and the chain (11) form a chain drive to drive the hook shaft (14) to move, and the hook shaft (14) is provided with equidistant deep grooves to ensure the axial positioning of the grape hook (9) on the hook shaft (14), so that the grape bunch and the hook shaft (14) remain relatively still during the rotation process, and the grape bunch completes the rotation movement in a posture of overall vertical parallel movement, thereby preventing the grapes from falling off and achieving uniform drying.

[0010] In actual use, the reducer (15) is used for driving, and the main movement is that the chain drive composed of the sprocket (16) and the chain (11) drives the hook shaft (14) to move. The hook shaft (14) is provided with equidistant deep grooves to ensure the axial positioning of the grape hook (9) on the hook shaft (14), so that the grape bunch and the hook shaft (14) remain relatively still during the rotation process. The vertical grape rotating mechanism controls the grape bunch to complete the rotation movement in a vertical and parallel moving posture as a whole.

[0011] When the device is in operation: when working, the grapes are hung on the grape hook (9), and when the reducer (15) starts to work, the vertical grape rotating mechanism controls the grape bunches to complete the rotating movement in a vertical parallel movement posture as a whole. The space positions of the collector hood (8), the drying chamber (2) and the dehumidification port (1) of the fanless natural convection ventilation system are respectively designed at the bottom, middle and top of the drying room to form a chimney effect. The heated air flows in a natural convection manner under the action of the cold and hot density difference and the chimney effect, thereby realizing fanless ventilation and dehumidification. The solar collector (5) and the translucent solar energy multi-stage heating system equipped with an air energy heat pump are The light panel (3) is arranged on the sunny side, and can realize three-stage heating of the drying medium air: the first stage heating converts solar energy into heat energy through the solar collector (5), and implements the first stage heating of the air entering the collector hood (8); the air heated by the first stage flows into the drying chamber (2) in a natural convection manner under the action of the cold and hot density difference and the chimney effect, and the outer layer of the drying chamber is a light-transmitting panel (3), which converts solar energy into heat energy by using the greenhouse effect, and implements the second stage heating of the air flowing into the drying chamber (2); the third stage heating is completed by the air energy heat pump (6) to meet the requirements of intensive drying operation or drying operation at night or on rainy days.

[0012] The outstanding advantages of the present invention are:

[0013] Natural air convection can be achieved to form a chimney effect. The heated air flows by natural convection under the action of the cold and hot density difference and the chimney effect, realizing fan-free ventilation and dehumidification, saving energy.

[0014] The heating system can realize multi-level utilization of solar energy. It is equipped with an air-energy heat pump and is limited to working at night, on rainy days or when intensified drying operations are required, providing a heating backup option.

[0015] The vertical grape rotating mechanism can implement uniform drying and control the grape bunches to complete the rotating motion in an overall vertical parallel movement posture. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is an axonometric drawing of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 It is a side view schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 It is an axonometric diagram of the vertical grape rotating mechanism of the present invention.

[0019] As shown in the figure: 1 dehumidification port, 2 drying chamber, 3 light-transmitting plate, 4 door, 5 solar collector, 6 air energy heat pump, 7 stairs, 8 collector hood, 9 grape hook, 10 driven shaft, 11 chain, 12 material rack tray, 13 driving shaft, 14 hook shaft, 15 reducer, 16 sprocket, 17 bearing seat. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] A natural convection grape multi-stage solar drying room, comprising a natural convection ventilation system without a fan, a solar multi-stage heating system equipped with an air energy heat pump and a vertical grape rotating mechanism, characterized in that: the natural convection ventilation system without a fan is composed of a dehumidification port (1) and a collector air hood (8); the solar multi-stage heating system equipped with an air energy heat pump is composed of a solar collector (5), an air energy heat pump (6), a drying chamber (2) and a light-transmitting plate (3); and the vertical grape rotating mechanism is composed of a grape hook (9), a driven shaft (10), a chain (11), a material rack tray (12), a driving shaft (13), a hook shaft (14), a reducer (15), a sprocket (16) and a bearing seat (17).

[0021] A natural convection grape multi-stage solar drying room, characterized in that the space positions of the collector hood (8), drying chamber (2) and dehumidification port (1) of the fanless natural convection ventilation system are respectively designed at the bottom, middle and top of the drying room to form a chimney effect. The heated air flows in a natural convection manner under the action of the cold and hot density difference and the chimney effect, thereby realizing fanless ventilation and dehumidification and saving energy consumption.

[0022] A natural convection grape multi-stage solar drying room, characterized in that the solar collector (5) and the light-transmitting plate (3) of the solar multi-stage heating system equipped with an air energy heat pump are arranged on the sun-facing side, so as to realize three-stage heating of the drying medium air: the first stage heating converts the solar energy into heat energy through the solar collector (5), and implements the first stage heating of the air entering the collector hood (8); the air heated by the first stage flows into the drying room (2) by natural convection under the action of the cold and hot density difference and the chimney effect, and the outer layer of the drying room is a light-transmitting plate (3), which converts the solar energy into heat energy by utilizing the greenhouse effect, and implements the second stage heating of the air flowing into the drying room (2); the third stage heating is completed by the air energy heat pump (6) to meet the requirements of intensive drying operation or drying operation at night or on rainy days.

[0023] A natural convection grape multi-stage solar drying room, characterized in that the vertical grape rotating mechanism is supported by four bearing seats (17), one end of the vertical grape rotating mechanism is connected to a reducer (15), a driving shaft (13) and a sprocket (16) are connected to the reducer (15) through a key, the sprockets on the same side are connected through a chain (11), a hook shaft (14) is arranged between the two sprockets (16), the sprocket (16) and the chain (11) form a chain drive to drive the hook shaft (14) to move, and the hook shaft (14) is provided with equidistant deep grooves to ensure the axial positioning of the grape hook (9) on the hook shaft (14), so that the grape bunch and the hook shaft (14) remain relatively still during the rotation process, and the grape bunch completes the rotation movement in a posture of overall vertical parallel movement, thereby preventing the grapes from falling off and achieving uniform drying.

[0024] In actual use, the reducer (15) is used for driving, and the main movement is that the chain drive composed of the sprocket (16) and the chain (11) drives the hook shaft (14) to move. The hook shaft (14) is provided with equidistant deep grooves to ensure the axial positioning of the grape hook (9) on the hook shaft (14), so that the grape bunch and the hook shaft (14) remain relatively still during the rotation process. The vertical grape rotating mechanism controls the grape bunch to complete the rotation movement in a vertical and parallel moving posture as a whole.

[0025] When the device is in operation: when working, the grapes are hung on the grape hook (9), and when the reducer (15) starts to work, the vertical grape rotating mechanism controls the grape bunches to complete the rotating movement in a vertical parallel movement posture as a whole. The space positions of the collector hood (8), the drying chamber (2) and the dehumidification port (1) of the fanless natural convection ventilation system are respectively designed at the bottom, middle and top of the drying room to form a chimney effect. The heated air flows in a natural convection manner under the action of the cold and hot density difference and the chimney effect, thereby realizing fanless ventilation and dehumidification. The solar collector (5) and the translucent solar energy multi-stage heating system equipped with an air energy heat pump are The light panel (3) is arranged on the sunny side, and can realize three-stage heating of the drying medium air: the first stage heating converts solar energy into heat energy through the solar collector (5), and implements the first stage heating of the air entering the collector hood (8); the air heated by the first stage flows into the drying chamber (2) in a natural convection manner under the action of the cold and hot density difference and the chimney effect, and the outer layer of the drying chamber is a light-transmitting panel (3), which converts solar energy into heat energy by using the greenhouse effect, and implements the second stage heating of the air flowing into the drying chamber (2); the third stage heating is completed by the air energy heat pump (6) to meet the requirements of intensive drying operation or drying operation at night or on rainy days.

[0026] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this field, several changes and improvements can be made without departing from the creative concept of the present invention, which all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A natural convection grape multi-stage solar drying room, comprising a natural convection ventilation system without a fan, a solar multi-stage heating system equipped with an air energy heat pump and a vertical grape rotating mechanism, characterized in that: The fanless natural convection ventilation system is composed of a moisture exhaust port (1) and a collector hood (8); the solar multi-stage heating system equipped with an air energy heat pump is composed of a solar energy collector (5), an air energy heat pump (6), a drying chamber (2), and a light-transmitting plate (3); and the vertical grape rotating mechanism is composed of a grape hook (9), a driven shaft (10), a chain (11), a material rack tray (12), a driving shaft (13), a hook shaft (14), a reducer (15), a sprocket (16), and a bearing seat (17).

2. The natural convection grape multi-stage solar drying room according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The spatial positions of the collector hood (8), the drying chamber (2) and the dehumidification port (1) of the fanless natural convection ventilation system are respectively designed at the bottom, middle and top of the drying room to form a chimney effect. The heated air flows in a natural convection manner under the action of the cold and hot density difference and the chimney effect, thereby realizing fanless ventilation and dehumidification and saving energy consumption.

3. The natural convection grape multi-stage solar drying room according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The solar collector (5) and the light-transmitting plate (3) of the solar multi-stage heating system equipped with an air-energy heat pump are arranged on the sun-facing side, and can realize three-stage heating of the drying medium air: the first stage heating converts solar energy into heat energy through the solar collector (5), and implements the first stage heating of the air entering the collector hood (8); the air heated by the first stage flows into the drying chamber (2) by natural convection under the action of the cold and hot density difference and the chimney effect, and the outer layer of the drying chamber is the light-transmitting plate (3), which converts solar energy into heat energy by utilizing the greenhouse effect, and implements the second stage heating of the air flowing into the drying chamber (2); the third stage heating is completed by the air-energy heat pump (6) to meet the requirements of intensive drying operations or drying operations at night or on rainy days.

4. The natural convection grape multi-stage solar drying room according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical grape rotating mechanism is supported by four bearing seats (17). One end of the vertical grape rotating mechanism is connected to a reducer (15). The driving shaft (13) and the sprocket (16) are connected to the reducer (15) through a key. The sprockets on the same side are connected through a chain (11). A hook shaft (14) is arranged between the two sprockets (16). The sprocket (16) and the chain (11) form a chain drive to drive the hook shaft (14) to move. The hook shaft (14) is provided with equidistant deep grooves to ensure the axial positioning of the grape hook (9) on the hook shaft (14), so that the grape bunch and the hook shaft (14) remain relatively still during the rotation process. The grape bunch completes the rotation movement in a posture of overall vertical parallel movement, thereby preventing the grapes from falling off and achieving uniform drying.

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