Mountain region type village greenway system based on landscape restoration and construction method of mountain region type village greenway system

Abstract

The invention discloses a mountain village greenway system based on landscape restoration and a construction method thereof. The mountain village greenway system comprises a road, a side slope gentle slope section arranged in a mountain village, a landscape slope protection section arranged on the upper side of the road, and a restoration section arranged on the lower side of the road. The landscape slope protection section is composed of a slope protection net, a retaining wall and an ecological shallow trench, the ecological shallow trench is arranged close to the road, the retaining wall is arranged on the outer side of the ecological shallow trench, and the slope protection net is arranged on the outer side of the retaining wall; the restoration section sequentially comprises a gradient ecological restoration section, a slope protection net and a waterfront gradient restoration section from inside to outside. According to the mountain type rural greenway based on landscaping restoration, factors, such as rainwater, water level change and pollution, possibly damaging the greenway structure and greenway ecology under large vertical fall are fully considered, the influence of the factors is reduced through a corresponding reasonable structure, the overall ecological stability of a site is guaranteed or ecological restoration is carried out, and meanwhile the ecological restoration effect of the greenway is improved. Therefore, the vertical greenway structure can play a maximum role.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of ecological engineering, and specifically relates to a mountainous rural greenway system based on landscape restoration and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Rural landscape restoration refers to the process of using ecological restoration methods to rebuild natural ecosystems that have been disturbed by human activities, in order to achieve self-sustainability and enhance the resilience of the ecosystem. This design method not only satisfies people's aesthetic enjoyment and provides leisure space, but also enhances the function of the site's ecosystem services.

[0003] The rural greenway system refers to a sustainable green land network distributed between urban and rural areas or villages, composed of various linear spaces such as road networks, water networks and forest networks in rural areas. Combining landscape restoration with the rural greenway system can enable the greenway to connect fragmented natural spaces while providing sightseeing functions, maintaining and protecting the physical environment and biological resources in the natural environment.

[0004] Before this invention, there were few inventions of mountain greenways with large vertical drops and diverse natural conditions. A large amount of technology focused on rural waterfront ecological construction and the application of engineering materials, while rarely taking into account the needs of residents. This made it difficult for the invention to meet the aesthetic and recreational functions while exerting ecological benefits. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to make up for the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a technical solution of a mountainous rural greenway system based on landscape restoration and a construction method thereof. Through the new mountainous greenway model, while satisfying the recreational needs of tourists, ecological technology is adopted to provide ecological restoration for the damaged sites, ultimately achieving the goal of repairing the ecological environment while having good landscape effects and local flavor.

[0006] The mountainous rural greenway system based on landscape restoration comprises:

[0007] Roads are set up on gentle slopes in mountainous villages, with landscape slope protection sections on the upper side of the road and repair sections on the lower side of the road;

[0008] The landscape slope protection section consists of a slope protection net, a retaining wall and an ecological shallow ditch. The ecological shallow ditch is set close to the road, the retaining wall is set outside the ecological shallow ditch, and the slope protection net is set outside the retaining wall;

[0009] The restoration sections from the inside to the outside are the gradient ecological restoration section, the slope protection net and the waterfront gradient restoration section.

[0010] Furthermore, the slope protection net is set on the steep slope section of the slope in the mountainous rural area, and the slope protection net includes a system anchor rod, a rammed soil layer, a graded gravel layer, a column grid layer, a planting soil layer and a shrub layer. The system anchor rod is arranged in a grid format, and the rammed soil layer and the graded gravel layer are arranged in sequence above the system anchor rod. The column grid layer is arranged in a grid format above the graded gravel layer. The planting soil layer is arranged on the surface of the column grid layer, and shrubs are planted in the planting soil layer to form a shrub layer.

[0011] Furthermore, the shrub layer includes a plant shrub layer arranged in the landscape slope protection section and a gradient ecological restoration section shrub layer arranged in the restoration section;

[0012] The compaction coefficient of the plain soil compaction layer is >0.93, the thickness of the graded gravel layer is at least 150mm, and the thickness of the planting soil layer is at least 300mm.

[0013] Furthermore, the retaining wall is provided with a retaining graded crushed stone layer, a concrete layer, and a block mortar layer in sequence from bottom to top, a planting soil layer is laid on the block mortar layer, and vertical plants are planted in the planting soil layer to form a retaining shrub layer, or a gradient flower stream section is set in the planting soil layer;

[0014] A graded crushed stone sand filter layer is arranged in the block mortar layer, and a geotextile is arranged on the outer surface of the graded crushed stone sand filter layer;

[0015] The stone materials of the block mortar layer include purple nephrite, and the northern part is mortared with M7.5, and the exposed surface is not exposed;

[0016] The concrete layer includes a concrete cushion layer and a concrete foundation layer. The concrete cushion layer is arranged below the concrete foundation layer, and the concrete cushion layer is a 150mmC15 plain concrete cushion layer, and the concrete foundation layer is a 500mmC25 concrete foundation layer.

[0017] Furthermore, the ecological shallow ditch consists of an ecological soil compaction layer, thick sandy soil, an anti-seepage membrane, a thick clay soil, a stream stone layer and a wetland plant planting layer from bottom to top, wherein plants are planted in the wetland plant planting layer.

[0018] Furthermore, the road is a steel structure road, which includes an H-shaped steel main beam, a longitudinal steel frame is arranged above the H-shaped steel main beam, and a bamboo wood board layer is laid above the longitudinal steel frame; a concrete column is arranged below the H-shaped steel main beam, and the H-shaped steel main beam is connected to the concrete foundation through the concrete column, and the upper end of the concrete column is fixed to the H-shaped steel main beam by bolts;

[0019] The surface of the bamboo and wood board is sprayed with anti-slip coating;

[0020] A steel guardrail is arranged on the side of the H-shaped steel main beam facing the lower slope, and the steel guardrail is fixedly installed on the side of the H-shaped steel main beam through stiffening ribs.

[0021] Furthermore, the gradient ecological restoration section is set up in combination with different slopes of mountainous types, with terraced flower streams set up on the low slopes and landscape plant areas set up on the high slopes. A variety of plants are set up in the landscape plant areas and planted in the planting soil layer of the restoration section. In the landscape plant area, a restoration section shrub layer and a restoration section large tree layer are set up from high to low in sequence. A restoration section small tree layer and a ground cover plant layer are also set up in the landscape plant area. A restoration section small tree layer and a ground cover plant layer are set up in both the restoration section shrub layer and the restoration section large tree layer.

[0022] A slope protection net is set between the large tree layer and the terraced flower stream in the restoration section, and the slope protection net is set below the planting soil layer in the restoration section;

[0023] A retaining wall is set at the bottom of the terraced Huaxi. The retaining wall is a restoration section retaining wall, and a gradient Huaxi section is set above it.

[0024] Furthermore, the waterfront gradient restoration section is set at the end of the vertical mountain, and is composed of a wet plant layer, an emergent plant layer, and wooden piles. The wooden piles are set at the junction of the water body and the land, the emergent plant layer is set on the side of the wooden piles, and the wet plant layer is set on the side of the emergent plant layer and is set close to the land side.

[0025] The top of the pile is above the normal water level of the water body.

[0026] A method for constructing a mountainous rural greenway system based on landscape restoration comprises the following steps:

[0027] S1 divides the functional areas according to the slope angle of mountainous villages, including steep slope section, gentle slope section and flat section, one side of the flat section is connected to the water body;

[0028] S2: A road is set up on the gentle slope section, with steep slope sections on both sides of the road. A landscape slope protection section is set up on the high steep slope section, and a gradient ecological restoration section is set up on the low steep slope section. Below the low steep slope section is a flat dam section, and a waterfront gradient restoration section is set up in the flat dam section.

[0029] S3 constructs landscape in the landscape slope protection section, gradient ecological restoration section and waterfront gradient restoration section respectively.

[0030] Furthermore, the method further comprises the steps of:

[0031] S31 road paving;

[0032] S32: A retaining wall is built at the end of the steep slope section, and a slope protection net is installed on the side of the retaining wall facing the higher ground;

[0033] S33 lays an ecological shallow trench between the road and the retaining wall above;

[0034] S34 sets wooden piles in the flat dam section to separate the water body from the land.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following advantages:

[0036] The present invention constructs a mountainous rural greenway based on landscape restoration, fully considering factors such as rain, water level changes, pollution, etc. that may cause damage to the greenway structure and greenway ecology under a large vertical drop, and reduces their impact through corresponding rationalized structures. While ensuring the overall ecological stability of the site or carrying out ecological restoration, it creates ornamental landscape benefits and maximizes the function of the vertical greenway structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the slope protection net structure of the present invention is

[0039] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the block stone retaining wall structure of the present invention

[0040] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the ecological grass-planting ditch structure of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the steel structure road structure of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the gradient ecological restoration section of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the ecological restoration structure of the gradient section of the waterfront revetment of the present invention.

[0044] In the figure: 1-slope protection net, 2-retaining wall, 3-ecological shallow ditch, 4-road, 5-gradient repair section, 6-terraced flower stream, 7-waterfront gradient repair section, 8-system anchor, 9-plain soil tamping, 10-graded crushed stone layer, 11-column grid layer, 12-planting soil layer, 13-plant shrub layer, 14-graded crushed stone sand filter layer, 15-retaining shrub layer, 16-stone mortar layer, 17-concrete foundation layer, 18-concrete cushion layer, 19-retaining graded crushed stone layer, 20-plain soil tamping layer, 21-thick sand, 2 2-anti-seepage membrane, 23-thick clay soil, 24-stream stone layer, 25-wetland plant planting layer, 26-bamboo and wood board layer, 27-longitudinal steel skeleton, 28-H-shaped steel main beam, 29-concrete foundation, 30-bolts, 31-concrete columns, 32-stiffening ribs, 33-steel guardrails, 34-planting soil layer of restoration section, 35-ground cover plant layer, 36-shrub layer of repair section, 37-small tree layer of repair section, 38-large tree layer of repair section, 39-gradient flower stream section, 40-wetland plant layer, 41-emergent plant layer, 42-wooden piles. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0046] Specifically, if Figure 1 As shown, a mountainous rural greenway system based on landscape restoration includes: a road 4, which is set in a gentle slope section of a mountainous village, a landscape slope protection section is set on the upper side of the road 4, and a restoration section is set on the lower side of the road 4. The landscape slope protection section is composed of a slope protection net 1, a retaining wall 2, and an ecological shallow ditch 3. The ecological shallow ditch 3 is set near the road 4 and between the retaining wall 2 and the road 4. The retaining wall 2 is set on the side of the ecological shallow ditch 3 away from the road, and the slope protection net 1 is set on the upper side of the retaining wall 2. The restoration section is composed of a gradient ecological restoration section 5, a slope protection net 1, and a waterfront gradient restoration section 7 from the inside to the outside.

[0047] Continue to refer to Figure 2 The slope protection net 1 is set on the steep slope section of the slope in the mountainous rural area, and the slope protection net includes a system anchor rod 8, a plain soil tamping layer 9, a graded gravel layer 10, a column net layer 11, a planting soil layer 12 and a shrub layer. The system anchor rod 8 is arranged in a grid pattern, and the plain soil tamping layer 9 and the graded gravel layer 10 are arranged in sequence above the system anchor rod 8. The column net layer 11 is arranged in a grid pattern above the graded gravel layer 10. The planting soil layer 12 is arranged on the surface of the column net layer 11, and shrubs are planted in the planting soil layer 12 to form a shrub layer. In the shrub layer 13 of the system, the tamping coefficient of the plain soil tamping layer is greater than 0.93, the thickness of the graded gravel layer is at least 150 mm, and the thickness of the planting soil layer is at least 300 mm. The slope protection net 1 is used to create a well-arranged terrain, plant slope plants, enhance the ecological landscape effect, and strengthen the soil retention capacity. It is connected to the natural mountain at the top and connected to the retaining wall 2 at the bottom. The natural slope is determined by the weathering rate of the rock strata. If it is moderately weathered rock, the stability is good, and the rock is not loose, the slope can be 1:0.3-1:0.5; if it is strongly weathered rock, or the stability is poor, the rock strata are loose, the slope is not steeper than 1:0.75-1:1, and the slope runoff reaches the retaining wall 2.

[0048] In addition, it is preferred that native plants be planted on the slopes, retaining the original native plants with obvious seasonality and high ornamental value. On the basis of clearing invasive plants, native herbs and shrubs that grow vigorously and do not require fine maintenance should be planted to achieve ecological restoration and rewilding. In terms of plant selection, herbs such as Zoysia, Cynodon dactylon, and Miscanthus should be selected, supplemented by shrubs such as Winter Jasmine and Nandina domestica.

[0049] Continue to refer to Figure 3The retaining wall 2 is provided with a retaining graded crushed stone layer 19, a concrete layer, and a block mortar layer 16 from bottom to top. A planting soil layer is laid on the block mortar layer 16, and vertical plants are planted in the planting soil layer to form a retaining shrub layer 15. A graded crushed stone sand filter layer 14 is provided in the block mortar layer 16, and a geotextile is provided on the outer surface of the graded crushed stone sand filter layer 14. The stone material of the block mortar layer 16 includes purple nephrite, and the northern part is mortared with M7.5, and the exposed surface is not exposed.

[0050] The concrete layer includes a concrete cushion layer 18 and a concrete foundation layer 17. The concrete cushion layer 18 is arranged below the concrete foundation layer 17, and the concrete cushion layer 18 is a 150mmC15 plain concrete cushion layer, and the concrete foundation layer 17 is a 500mmC25 concrete foundation layer. The thickness of the retaining graded gravel layer 19 is 200mm, and the height of the planting soil layer on the top of the retaining shrub layer 15 is 500mm. The retaining wall 2 is used to support mountain soil, guide mountain drainage, reduce soil moisture pressure, and achieve mountain landscape effects through block stone style and wall greening.

[0051] Preferably, native plants with edible value, high ornamental value and obvious seasonal characteristics can be planted on the top. Forsythia, Yunnan yellow jasmine, Pyracantha, etc. can be selected as plants.

[0052] Preferably, climbing native flower shrubs can also be planted on one side of the retaining wall 2 to achieve the effect of vertical greening. The plants that can be selected include variegated evergreen, trumpet creeper, variegated jasmine, etc.

[0053] Continue to refer to Figure 4 The ecological shallow ditch 3 is composed of an ecological soil compaction layer 20, thick sandy soil 21, an impermeable membrane 22, thick clay soil 23, a stream stone layer 24 and a wet plant planting layer 25 from bottom to top, wherein plants are planted in the wet plant planting layer 25. The impermeable membrane 22 is an SBS material impermeable membrane, the thickness of the thick sandy soil 21 is 100 mm, the thickness of the thick clay soil 23 is 500 mm, and the stream stone layer 24 uses natural stream stones with a particle size of 100-200 mm.

[0054] The ecological shallow ditch 3 can effectively collect surface water from the retaining wall 2 and the road 4, reduce surface runoff, and reduce flooding and soil erosion. At the same time, the ecological shallow ditch 3 can effectively absorb and filter pollutants in the water by planting plants, while providing habitats for a variety of organisms and increasing biodiversity, thereby purifying the water quality.

[0055] Preferably, wetland plants that require no maintenance, have strong purification capabilities, and are well adaptable should be selected. Plants that can be selected include lilies, irises, calamus, etc., to form bioretention facilities. On the basis of improving the landscape effect, they can meet the low-impact development of the rainwater system and create a sponge wetland.

[0056] Continue to refer to Figure 5The road 4 is a steel structure road, which includes an H-shaped steel main beam 28, a longitudinal steel frame 27 is arranged above the H-shaped steel main beam 28, and a bamboo wood board layer 26 is laid above the longitudinal steel frame 27. A concrete column 31 is arranged below the H-shaped steel main beam 28, and the H-shaped steel main beam 28 is connected to the concrete foundation 29 through the concrete column 31, and the upper end of the concrete column 31 is fixed to the H-shaped steel main beam 28 by bolts 30.

[0057] A steel guardrail 33 is provided on the side of the H-shaped steel main beam 28 facing the lower slope. The steel guardrail 33 is fixedly installed on the side of the H-shaped steel main beam 28 through a stiffening rib 32 .

[0058] Preferably, the surface of the bamboo wood board layer 26 should be coated with a non-slip coating that is non-slip, wear-resistant, waterproof, anti-corrosive, and easy to clean.

[0059] At the same time, the expansion joint position, size and marking should be determined during the construction of the structural layer. Water guide joints should be set to collect surface water so that the accumulated water can flow along the water guide joints to both sides of the trail to reduce surface water. For ground icons, a high-pressure spray gun can be used to spray the ground pattern logo with a spray thickness of 4mm. The material can be EPDM rubber powder. Different routes and lengths can be set through ground icon signs to ensure the landscape effect.

[0060] The steel structure road (preferably 2.4m) can be assembled in advance by adopting prefabricated light steel structure bridges, which can greatly shorten the on-site construction period and effectively avoid the ecological damage caused by long-term on-site construction. At the same time, the span between the assembled columns is large, so that one column can be located on the excavation surface and the other on the original slope ridge line of the mountain, effectively reducing the amount of engineering. In addition, the smaller excavation area also provides a wider living space for the original natural vegetation on the site, promoting ecological restoration.

[0061] Continue to refer to Figure 6 The gradient ecological restoration section 5 is set up in combination with different slopes of mountainous terrain. A terraced flower stream 6 is set up on the low slope, and a landscape plant area is set up on the high slope. A variety of plants are set up in the landscape plant area and planted in the restoration section planting soil layer 34. In the landscape plant area, a restoration section shrub layer 36 and a restoration section large tree layer 38 are set up in sequence from high to low. A restoration section small tree layer 37 and a ground cover plant layer 35 are also set up in the landscape plant area. The restoration section shrub layer 36 and the restoration section large tree layer 38 are also set up with a restoration section small tree layer 37 and a ground cover plant layer 35.

[0062] A slope protection net 1 is set between the restoration section Daqiao layer 38 and the terraced flower stream 6, and the slope protection net 1 is set below the restoration section planting soil layer 34. A retaining wall 2 is set at the bottom of the terraced flower stream, and the retaining wall 2 is a restoration section retaining wall, and a gradient flower stream section 39 is set above it.

[0063] Gradient ecological restoration section 5, by combining the characteristics of different slopes of mountainous areas, constructing a moderate landscape belt based on protection and reconstruction and combining different landforms, achieves the purpose of building an ecological buffer zone and realizing gradient succession ecological restoration.

[0064] It is preferred that the gradient landscape should be created in combination with the site topography. In the gentle slope section (slope 15°-25°), the main factor causing soil erosion and ecological damage is runoff erosion. Therefore, the main gradient creation method here is the composite planting of trees, shrubs and grasses, which alleviates surface runoff through the infiltration of plant roots. In the steep slope section (slope>25°), the main factor causing ecological damage is the large slope, insufficient soil fixation capacity, and easy exposure of rock layers. Therefore, the main gradient creation method here is a combination of artificial slope protection and ecological engineering measures. The effect of rapid greening is achieved by using slope protection nets. At the same time, combined with retaining walls 2, a gradient Huaxi section 39 is constructed to intercept runoff, stabilize soil, reduce soil erosion, balance site water level changes, and provide habitats for organisms through diverse plant landscapes, increase biodiversity, and maintain ecological balance.

[0065] Preferably, when selecting gradient landscape to create plants, the invasive plants in the site should be cleared first to make room for restoring natural plant communities, and rare and endangered plant protection sites should be set up to protect rare plants. Then, through local natural mosaic, only the sections that need plant community restoration are inlaid with native tree species. While restoring zonal native vegetation, enrich the food-source plants for birds and insects to ensure the health and stability of the ecosystem. In terms of plant selection, the high biomass of native zonal pioneer tree species can be used to ensure surface stability, such as paper mulberry, Miscanthus sinensis, horsethorn, wisteria, etc., to achieve the effect of rapid greening, and then there are plans and blocks to intersperse seasonal characteristics, high ornamental value, and food-source native plant horticultural varieties. For example, the ground cover plant layer 35 of the gradient ecological restoration section can select ryegrass, zoysia grass, bermudagrass, etc., and the shrub layer 36 of the gradient ecological restoration section can use Nandina domestica, Pyracantha, Mahonia, etc., and the small tree layer 37 of the gradient ecological restoration section can use hydrangea, Viburnum, willow, etc. In the gradient ecological restoration section, the large tree layer 38 can be planted with species such as metasequoia, baldcypress, elliott pine, and hackberry, which have strong adaptability to the region, restore the site habitat, and have a good landscape effect. In the selection of plants for the gradient flower field 39, strong and maintenance-free plants such as zinnia and February orchid can be used.

[0066] Continue to refer to Figure 7The waterfront gradient restoration section 7 is set at the end of the vertical mountain, and is composed of a wetland plant layer 40, an emergent plant layer 41, and wooden piles 42. The wooden piles 42 are set at the junction of the water body and the land. The emergent plant layer 41 is set on the side of the wooden piles 42, and the wetland plant layer 40 is set on the side of the emergent plant layer 41 and is set close to the land side. The top of the wooden pile 42 is higher than the normal water level line of the water body. The waterfront revetment gradient ecological restoration section, i.e., the waterfront gradient restoration section 7, has the characteristics of frequent water level changes, strong siltation and sedimentation, strong material exchange, and strong ecological self-repairing ability.

[0067] Preferably, the wood piles 42 should have the functions of anti-scouring, corrosion resistance, and stabilizing the bank protection structure. In addition, the gaps between the wood piles 42 create conditions for the flow of water. In the application of plants, attention should be paid to water-resistant and strong plants. The wet plant layer 40 can be selected from botanical gardens with good ornamental value such as hosta, reed, and astilbe, and the emergent plant layer 41 can be selected from loosestrife, iris, water plantain, etc.

[0068] The slope protection net 1 and the retaining wall 2 are used to maintain water and soil, and achieve the effect of rapid greening of the slope and ecological restoration. The ecological shallow ditch 3 is an ecological grass-planting ditch, which achieves the effects of ecological planting, water flow regulation, and rainwater management. Road 4 is a steel structure road, and the road surface adopts bamboo and wood board layer 26, and sealed embossed greenway signs and mileage distance signs are used on the road surface to ensure the landscape effect. The gradient ecological restoration section 5 covers the wound surface with high biomass pioneer tree species in the gentle slope section to ensure the stability of the surface. In the steep slope section, the slope protection net 1 plus ecological engineering measures are used to strengthen the surface stability while promoting ecological restoration by combining the growth environment characteristics of different vegetation, improving the soil on the waterside, planting different types of aquatic plants, providing aquatic plants with space for growth and reproduction, improving biodiversity, and enhancing the self-purification ability of the water body, improving water quality, and enhancing its self-repair ability.

[0069] The present invention constructs a mountainous rural greenway based on landscape restoration, fully considering factors such as rain, water level changes, pollution, etc. that may cause damage to the greenway structure and greenway ecology under a large vertical drop, and reduces their impact through corresponding rationalized structures. While ensuring the overall ecological stability of the site or carrying out ecological restoration, it creates ornamental landscape benefits and maximizes the function of the vertical greenway structure.

[0070] A method for constructing a mountainous rural greenway system based on landscape restoration comprises the following steps:

[0071] First, according to the slope angle of the mountainous villages, functional areas are divided, including steep slope section, gentle slope section and flat section. One side of the flat section is connected to the water body.

[0072] Then, a road is set up on the gentle slope section, with steep slope sections on both sides of the road. A landscape slope protection section is set up on the higher steep slope section, and a gradient ecological restoration section is set up on the lower steep slope section. Below the lower steep slope section is a flat plain section, and in the flat plain section is a waterfront gradient restoration section.

[0073] Finally, landscape construction was carried out in the landscape slope protection section, gradient ecological restoration section and waterfront gradient restoration section respectively.

[0074] Specifically, the road is paved with a prefabricated light steel structure bridge. A retaining wall is built at the end of the steep slope, and a slope protection net is set on the side of the retaining wall facing the higher ground; an ecological shallow ditch is laid between the road and the retaining wall above; and wooden piles are set in the flat section to separate the water from the land.

[0075] A method for constructing a mountainous rural greenway system based on landscape restoration includes reasonable route selection, reasonable greenway structure, and reasonable plant community application. The greenway structure includes a landscape slope protection section composed of a steel structure road, a slope protection net 1, a retaining wall 2, and an ecological shallow ditch 3 above the steel structure road, and a gradient ecological restoration section below the steel structure road.

[0076] Preferably, an ecological assessment should be conducted when selecting the greenway route to avoid ecologically sensitive areas, route the route along the edge of the green corridor, fully connect and utilize the original nodes, connect ecologically fragmented areas, and form a stable ecological corridor.

[0077] Preferably, the erection of steel structure roads includes the use of prefabricated light steel structure bridges and large-span bridge piers. Through early assembly and the large span between the piers, the amount of engineering work and the pre-laying of ground foundations can be reduced, and damage to the ground ecology can be reduced. At the same time, the height difference of the mountain can be absorbed by using the mountain and the road shoulders, and the road is erected in mid-air to reduce the excavation surface of the mountain.

[0078] Preferably, the steel structure road also includes a road surface constructed of bamboo and wooden boards, a longitudinal steel skeleton supporting the road surface, an H-shaped steel main beam, and concrete columns and foundations supporting the overall steel structure below.

[0079] Preferably, the slope protection net of the landscape slope protection section above the steel structure road also includes system anchor rods, soil compaction, column grid layer, planting soil layer, and shrub planting layer.

[0080] Preferably, the retaining wall should also include a geotextile-covered graded crushed stone sand filter layer, a block stone mortar layer, a concrete base layer, a concrete cushion layer, a graded crushed stone layer, and a shrub planting layer above.

[0081] Preferably, the ecological shallow ditch 3 should also include a rammed soil layer, thick sandy soil, an impermeable membrane, thick clay, natural stream stones and a shrub planting layer.

[0082] Preferably, the gradient ecological restoration section below the steel structure road includes natural vegetation communities, artificial slope protection, terraced flower streams, and wetland sections.

[0083] Preferably, reasonable plant community configuration includes early removal of invasive plants, protection of rare plants by applying high-biomass zonal pioneer tree species, and restoration of the surface to ensure surface stability.

[0084] In the wetlands and terraced Huaxi sections, living "private plots" and breeding "habitats" are reserved for animals and plants, and characteristic aquatic plants are replanted, as well as additional food plants for birds and insects, to ensure the health and stability of the ecosystem.

Claims

1. A mountainous rural greenway system based on landscape restoration, characterized in that: include: Roads are set up on gentle slopes in mountainous villages, with landscape slope protection sections on the upper side of the road and repair sections on the lower side of the road; The landscape slope protection section consists of a slope protection net, a retaining wall and an ecological shallow ditch. The ecological shallow ditch is set close to the road, the retaining wall is set outside the ecological shallow ditch, and the slope protection net is set outside the retaining wall; The restoration sections from the inside to the outside are the gradient ecological restoration section, the slope protection net and the waterfront gradient restoration section.

2. A mountainous rural greenway system based on landscape restoration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slope protection net is set up on the steep slope section of the slope in the mountainous village, and the slope protection net includes a system anchor rod, a rammed soil layer, a graded gravel layer, a column grid layer, a planting soil layer and a shrub layer. The system anchor rod is arranged in a grid format, and the rammed soil layer and the graded gravel layer are arranged in sequence above the system anchor rod. The column grid layer is arranged in a grid format above the graded gravel layer. The planting soil layer is set on the surface of the column grid layer, and shrubs are planted in the planting soil layer to form a shrub layer.

3. A mountainous rural greenway system based on landscape restoration according to claim 2, characterized in that: The shrub layer includes the plant shrub layer set in the landscape slope protection section and the gradient ecological restoration section shrub layer set in the restoration section; The compaction coefficient of the plain soil compaction layer is >0.93, the thickness of the graded gravel layer is at least 150mm, and the thickness of the planting soil layer is at least 300mm.

4. The mountainous rural greenway system based on landscape restoration according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The retaining wall is provided with a retaining graded crushed stone layer, a concrete layer, and a block mortar layer from bottom to top. A planting soil layer is laid on the block mortar layer, and vertical plants are planted in the planting soil layer to form a retaining shrub layer, or a gradient flower stream section is set in the planting soil layer; A graded crushed stone sand filter layer is arranged in the block mortar layer, and a geotextile is arranged on the outer surface of the graded crushed stone sand filter layer; The stone materials of the block mortar layer include purple nephrite, and the northern part is mortared with M7.5, and the exposed surface is not exposed; The concrete layer includes a concrete cushion layer and a concrete foundation layer. The concrete cushion layer is arranged below the concrete foundation layer, and the concrete cushion layer is a 150mmC15 plain concrete cushion layer, and the concrete foundation layer is a 500mmC25 concrete foundation layer.

5. The mountainous rural greenway system based on landscape restoration according to claim 1 is characterized in that: From bottom to top, the ecological shallow ditch consists of an ecological soil compaction layer, thick sandy soil, an anti-seepage membrane, thick clay soil, a stream stone layer, and a wetland plant planting layer, among which plants are planted in the wetland plant planting layer.

6. The mountainous rural greenway system based on landscape restoration according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The road is a steel structure road, which includes an H-shaped steel main beam, a longitudinal steel frame is arranged above the H-shaped steel main beam, and a bamboo wood board layer is laid above the longitudinal steel frame; a concrete column is arranged below the H-shaped steel main beam, and the H-shaped steel main beam is connected to the concrete foundation through the concrete column, and the upper end of the concrete column is fixed to the H-shaped steel main beam by bolts; The surface of the bamboo and wood board is sprayed with anti-slip coating; A steel guardrail is arranged on the side of the H-shaped steel main beam facing the lower slope, and the steel guardrail is fixedly installed on the side of the H-shaped steel main beam through stiffening ribs.

7. A mountainous rural greenway system based on landscape restoration according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: The gradient ecological restoration section is set up in combination with the different slopes of the mountain type. Terraced flower streams are set up on the low slopes, and landscape plant areas are set up on the high slopes. A variety of plants are set up in the landscape plant areas and planted in the planting soil layer of the restoration section. In the landscape plant area, the restoration section shrub layer and the restoration section large tree layer are set up from high to low. The landscape plant area also has a restoration section small tree layer and a ground cover plant layer. The restoration section shrub layer and the restoration section large tree layer are both set up with a restoration section small tree layer and a ground cover plant layer. A slope protection net is set between the large tree layer and the terraced flower stream in the restoration section, and the slope protection net is set below the planting soil layer in the restoration section; A retaining wall is set at the bottom of the terraced Huaxi. The retaining wall is a restoration section retaining wall, and a gradient Huaxi section is set above it.

8. The mountainous rural greenway system based on landscape restoration according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The waterfront gradient restoration section is set at the end of the vertical mountain, and is composed of a wet plant layer, an emergent plant layer, and wooden piles. The wooden piles are set at the junction of the water body and the land, and the emergent plant layer is set on the side of the wooden piles. The wet plant layer is set on the side of the emergent plant layer and is set close to the land side. The top of the pile is above the normal water level of the water body.

9. A method for constructing a mountainous rural greenway system based on landscape restoration, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1 divides the functional areas according to the slope angle of mountainous villages, including steep slope section, gentle slope section and flat section, one side of the flat section is connected to the water body; S2: A road is set up on the gentle slope section, with steep slope sections on both sides of the road. A landscape slope protection section is set up on the high steep slope section, and a gradient ecological restoration section is set up on the low steep slope section. Below the low steep slope section is a flat dam section, and a waterfront gradient restoration section is set up in the flat dam section. S3 constructs landscape in the landscape slope protection section, gradient ecological restoration section and waterfront gradient restoration section respectively.

10. A method for constructing a mountainous rural greenway system based on landscape restoration according to claim 9, characterized in that: Also includes the steps: S31 road paving; S311 uses a prefabricated light steel structure bridge that is assembled in advance for road paving; S32: A retaining wall is built at the end of the steep slope section, and a slope protection net is installed on the side of the retaining wall facing the higher ground; S33 lays an ecological shallow trench between the road and the retaining wall above; S34 sets wooden piles in the flat dam section to separate the water body from the land.

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