Environmental ecological management method based on eDNA data of river fish species

Abstract

The invention discloses an environmental ecological management method based on eDNA data of river fish species. A water body and fish fingerlings are included; the river fish species are mainly composed of pelteobagrus fulvidraco, snakehead, catfish, white minnow, crucian, grass carp, carp, silver carp, pseudorasbora parva, loach, rhodeus and opsariichthys bidens. The water body is in a transparent or semitransparent state, no obvious suspended matter or turbid phenomenon exists, the color of the water body is close to nature, and no abnormal color change exists; the pH value in the water body is 6.5-8.5, the upper limit of the salinity of the water body is 0.5 ppt, and the dissolved oxygen content is 7 mg / L. According to the environmental ecology management method based on the eDNA data of the river fish species, an eDNA monitoring result can be incorporated into a river ecology management decision system, data support is provided for making protection policies and planning protection measures, and corresponding management measures and protection measures can be made according to hydrological characteristics and water quality changes of the river in different seasons.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of related environmental ecological management, and specifically to an environmental ecological management method based on eDNA data of river fish species. Background Art

[0002] Fish are an important component of river ecosystems, and their species and numbers have a significant impact on the nutrient cycle and ecological balance of the ecosystem. Understanding the diversity and stability of fish communities through eDNA data will help assess the overall function of river ecosystems; Currently, river ecology is only tested once, and the degradation rate of eDNA in the environment is affected by many factors, including water temperature, pH value, microbial activity, etc. These factors may cause eDNA to degrade rapidly in a short period of time, thus affecting the accuracy of the test; To solve the above defects, a river ecological flow process derivation method for fish habitat protection with publication number CN109615076A is proposed. The method can be used to deduce the ecological flow of other organisms in the river. The ecological flow process of each typical species is aggregated and the generated envelope can be regarded as the comprehensive ecological flow of river organisms. To solve the above defects, a method and system for online monitoring of river ecological environment data with publication number CN117109665B is disclosed. The method and system monitor various water quality parameters in the water body in real time through a water environment module, a water quality data module monitors water quality indicators in real time, a biodiversity module monitors information on biodiversity such as fish, benthic animals, and aquatic plants in real time, a river function module obtains the dynamic situation of the river and the flood regulation function of the river, a data processing module integrates environmental parameters, water quality indicator data, biological data, and functional data into a central database after preprocessing, and a data analysis module obtains river data based on the central database. The river data includes environmental parameters, water quality indicator data, biological data, and functional data. The monitoring system evaluates the health status and sustainability of the river ecosystem after comprehensive analysis of multi-source data. The analysis is more comprehensive, providing support and decision-making for river management. In the actual use of the above method, although the ecological environment of the river is monitored and managed through the ecological flow or water environment module, its ecological flow will change due to different environments, resulting in a large difference in ecological flow, so it is impossible to accurately manage the river ecology; Therefore, we proposed an environmental ecological management method based on eDNA data of river fish species to solve the problems raised above. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an environmental ecological management method based on eDNA data of river fish species, so as to solve the problem raised by the above background technology that the ecological flow in the current market will change due to different environments, resulting in large differences in ecological flow, and therefore it is impossible to accurately manage the river ecology.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an environmental ecological management method based on eDNA data of river fish species, including water bodies and fish species; Also includes: The fish species in the river are mainly composed of the following fish species: yellow catfish, snakehead carp, catfish, white minnow, crucian carp, grass carp, carp, silver carp, wheatear fish, loach, minnow and black carp.

[0005] Preferably, the water body is transparent or translucent, without obvious suspended matter or turbidity, and the color of the water body should be close to nature without abnormal color changes.

[0006] Preferably, the pH value in the water body is between 6.5-8.5, the upper limit of the water body salinity is 0.5ppt, and the dissolved oxygen content is in the range of 7mg / L.

[0007] Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: S1: sampling point selection; S101: The sampling points cover different areas of the river (such as upstream, midstream, and downstream) and ecological types (such as deep water areas, shallow water areas, and coastal areas) to fully reflect the diversity of river fish species; S102: Sampling points should avoid being directly affected by human activities (such as sewage outlets, docks, waterways, etc.) to reduce interference factors; S2: Filter the water sample with a 0.45 μm pore size filter membrane to intercept the eDNA in the water, then quickly place the filter membrane into a sterile sampling tube and add an appropriate amount of DNA protective agent (such as ethanol) to prevent DNA degradation; S3: Record sampling time, location, weather, water temperature, flow rate, pH value, dissolved oxygen and other environmental parameters.

[0008] Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: L1: Send the collected filter membrane to the laboratory, use detergent to lyse the river water cells, then use organic solvents such as isopropanol to precipitate the eDNA through the salting-out effect, and then extract the eDNA; L2: Perform high-throughput sequencing on the extracted eDNA to obtain a large amount of eDNA sequence data.

[0009] Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: M1: Compare the sequenced eDNA with the fish eDNA barcode database to identify the fish species present; M2: Compare with database to improve the accuracy of species identification; M3: Analyze ecological indicators such as fish species composition and diversity index to assess the health of river ecosystems; M4: Compare the monitoring results from different sampling points and different time periods, and analyze the changing trends and influencing factors of fish communities.

[0010] Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: K1: Incorporate eDNA monitoring results into the river ecological management decision-making system to provide data support for the formulation of protection policies and planning of protection measures; K2: Take timely measures to rectify and repair problems and hidden dangers found during monitoring; K3: Raise public awareness of river ecological protection and fish diversity by publishing monitoring reports and holding science popularization activities; K4: Encourage the public to participate in river ecological protection actions and jointly maintain the health and stability of the river ecosystem.

[0011] Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: P1: Pay attention to the latest progress and research results of eDNA technology, and continuously introduce and apply new technologies and methods; P2: Develop corresponding management and protection measures based on the hydrological characteristics and water quality changes of rivers in different seasons.

[0012] Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: Q1: Assess the health of river ecosystems and the level of fish species diversity based on eDNA data; Q2: Analyze the changing trends and influencing factors of fish community structure to provide a scientific basis for ecological protection; Q3: Incorporate eDNA monitoring results into the river ecological management decision-making system to provide data support for formulating protection policies and planning protection measures.

[0013] The present invention can incorporate eDNA monitoring results into the river ecological management decision-making system, provide data support for the formulation of protection policies and planning of protection measures, and improve the public's awareness of river ecological protection and fish diversity by publishing monitoring reports and holding popular science activities, thereby facilitating accurate management of the environmental ecology of river fish species eDNA data; The present invention can incorporate eDNA monitoring results into the river ecological management decision-making system, provide data support for the formulation of protection policies and planning of protection measures, and formulate corresponding management measures and protection measures according to the hydrological characteristics and water quality changes of rivers in different seasons; The present invention can compare the monitoring results of different sampling points and different time periods, analyze the changing trends and influencing factors of fish communities, and then take corresponding measures in time to rectify and repair the problems and hidden dangers found in the monitoring; The river water of the present invention is transparent or translucent, without obvious suspended matter or turbidity, and the color of the water should be close to nature without abnormal color changes, thereby improving the accuracy of detection; The pH value of the water body of the present invention is between 6.5-8.5, the upper limit of the water salinity is 0.5ppt, and the dissolved oxygen content is in the range of 7mg / L, which allows river fish species to survive comfortably in the river, thereby facilitating the management of the environmental ecology. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall process of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Embodiment 1:

[0016] The environmental ecological management method based on eDNA data of river fish species of the present invention comprises the following steps: Water bodies and fish species; also includes: river fish species are mainly composed of the following fish species: yellow catfish, black carp, catfish, white minnow, crucian carp, grass carp, carp, silver carp, broadbill, loach, minnow and black carp. The water body is transparent or translucent, without obvious suspended matter or turbidity, and the color of the water body should be close to nature, without abnormal color changes. The pH value in the water body is between 6.5-8.5, and the upper limit of water salinity is 0.5ppt, and the dissolved oxygen content is in the range of 7mg / L.

[0017] S1: sampling point selection; S101: The sampling points cover different areas of the river (such as upstream, midstream, and downstream) and ecological types (such as deep water areas, shallow water areas, and coastal areas) to fully reflect the diversity of river fish species; S102: Sampling points should avoid being directly affected by human activities (such as sewage outlets, docks, waterways, etc.) to reduce interference factors; S2: Filter the water sample with a 0.45 μm pore size filter membrane to intercept the eDNA in the water, then quickly place the filter membrane into a sterile sampling tube and add an appropriate amount of DNA protective agent (such as ethanol) to prevent DNA degradation; S3: Record sampling time, location, weather, water temperature, flow rate, pH value, dissolved oxygen and other environmental parameters; L1: Send the collected filter membrane to the laboratory, use detergent to lyse the river water cells, then use organic solvents such as isopropanol to precipitate the eDNA through the salting-out effect, and then extract the eDNA; L2: Perform high-throughput sequencing on the extracted eDNA to obtain a large amount of eDNA sequence data. Embodiment 2:

[0018] The environmental ecological management method based on eDNA data of river fish species of the present invention comprises the following steps: Water bodies and fish species; also include: river fish species mainly consist of the following species: yellow catfish, snakehead, catfish, white minnow, crucian carp, grass carp, carp, silver carp, wheatear, loach, minnow and black carp; the water body is transparent or translucent, without obvious suspended matter or turbidity, and the color of the water body should be close to nature without abnormal color changes; the pH value in the water body is between 6.5-8.5, the upper limit of the salinity of the water body is 0.5ppt, and the dissolved oxygen content is in the range of 7mg / L; M1: Compare the sequenced eDNA with the fish eDNA barcode database to identify the fish species present; M2: Compare with database to improve the accuracy of species identification; M3: Analyze ecological indicators such as fish species composition and diversity index to assess the health of river ecosystems; M4: Compare the monitoring results from different sampling points and different time periods, and analyze the changing trends and influencing factors of fish communities.

[0019] K1: Incorporate eDNA monitoring results into the river ecological management decision-making system to provide data support for the formulation of protection policies and planning of protection measures; K2: Take timely measures to rectify and repair problems and hidden dangers found during monitoring; K3: Raise public awareness of river ecological protection and fish diversity by publishing monitoring reports and holding science popularization activities; K4: Encourage the public to participate in river ecological protection actions and jointly maintain the health and stability of the river ecosystem.

[0020] P1: Pay attention to the latest progress and research results of eDNA technology, and continuously introduce and apply new technologies and methods; P2: Develop corresponding management and protection measures based on the hydrological characteristics and water quality changes of rivers in different seasons.

[0021] Q1: Assess the health of river ecosystems and the level of fish species diversity based on eDNA data; Q2: Analyze the changing trends and influencing factors of fish community structure to provide a scientific basis for ecological protection; Q3: Incorporate eDNA monitoring results into the river ecological management decision-making system to provide data support for formulating protection policies and planning protection measures. Embodiment three:

[0022] The present invention provides a technical solution, an environmental ecological management method based on eDNA data of river fish species, comprising the following steps: Water bodies and fish species; also include: river fish species mainly consist of the following fish species: yellow catfish, snakehead, catfish, white minnow, crucian carp, grass carp, carp, silver carp, wheatear, loach, minnow and black carp, the pH value of the water body is between 6.5-8.5, the upper limit of the water body salinity is 0.5ppt, and the dissolved oxygen content is in the range of 7mg / L; M1: Compare the sequenced eDNA with the fish eDNA barcode database to identify the fish species present; M2: Compare with database to improve the accuracy of species identification; M3: Analyze ecological indicators such as fish species composition and diversity index to assess the health of river ecosystems; M4: Compare the monitoring results of different sampling points and different time periods, and analyze the changing trends and influencing factors of fish communities; K1: Incorporate eDNA monitoring results into the river ecological management decision-making system to provide data support for the formulation of protection policies and planning of protection measures; K2: Take timely measures to rectify and repair problems and hidden dangers found during monitoring; K3: Raise public awareness of river ecological protection and fish diversity by publishing monitoring reports and holding science popularization activities; K4: Encourage the public to participate in river ecological protection actions and jointly maintain the health and stability of the river ecosystem. Embodiment 4:

[0023] The present invention provides a technical solution, an environmental ecological management method based on eDNA data of river fish species, comprising the following steps: The pH value in the water body is between 6.5-8.5, the upper limit of the water salinity is 0.5ppt, and the dissolved oxygen content is in the range of 7mg / L; S1: sampling point selection; S101: The sampling points cover different areas of the river (such as upstream, midstream, and downstream) and ecological types (such as deep water areas, shallow water areas, and coastal areas) to fully reflect the diversity of river fish species; S2: Filter the water sample with a 0.45 μm pore size filter membrane to intercept the eDNA in the water, then quickly place the filter membrane into a sterile sampling tube and add an appropriate amount of DNA protective agent (such as ethanol) to prevent DNA degradation; K1: Incorporate eDNA monitoring results into the river ecological management decision-making system to provide data support for the formulation of protection policies and planning of protection measures; K2: Take timely measures to rectify and repair problems and hidden dangers found during monitoring; K3: Raise public awareness of river ecological protection and fish diversity by publishing monitoring reports and holding science popularization activities; Q1: Assess the health of river ecosystems and the level of fish species diversity based on eDNA data; Q2: Analyze the changing trends and influencing factors of fish community structure to provide a scientific basis for ecological protection; Q3: Incorporate eDNA monitoring results into the river ecological management decision-making system to provide data support for formulating protection policies and planning protection measures.

[0024] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Environmental ecological management methods based on eDNA data of river fish species, including water bodies and fish species; It is characterized in that Also includes: The fish species in the river are mainly composed of the following fish species: yellow catfish, snakehead carp, catfish, white minnow, crucian carp, grass carp, carp, silver carp, wheatear fish, loach, minnow and black carp.

2. The environmental ecological management method based on eDNA data of river fish species according to claim 1 is characterized by: The water body is transparent or translucent, without obvious suspended matter or turbidity, and the color of the water body should be close to natural without abnormal color changes.

3. The environmental ecological management method based on eDNA data of river fish species according to claim 2 is characterized by: The pH value in the water body is between 6.5-8.5, the upper limit of the water body salinity is 0.5ppt, and the dissolved oxygen content is in the range of 7mg / L.

4. The environmental ecological management method based on eDNA data of river fish species according to claim 3 is characterized by: The following steps are involved: S1: sampling point selection; S101: The sampling points cover different areas of the river (such as upstream, midstream, and downstream) and ecological types (such as deep water areas, shallow water areas, and coastal areas) to fully reflect the diversity of river fish species; S102: Sampling points should avoid being directly affected by human activities (such as sewage outlets, docks, waterways, etc.) to reduce interference factors; S2: Filter the water sample with a 0.45 μm pore size filter membrane to intercept the eDNA in the water, then quickly place the filter membrane into a sterile sampling tube and add an appropriate amount of DNA protective agent (such as ethanol) to prevent DNA degradation; S3: Record sampling time, location, weather, water temperature, flow rate, pH value, dissolved oxygen and other environmental parameters.

5. The environmental ecological management method based on eDNA data of river fish species according to claim 4 is characterized by: The following steps are also included: L1: Send the collected filter membrane to the laboratory, use detergent to lyse the river water cells, then use organic solvents such as isopropanol to precipitate the eDNA through the salting-out effect, and then extract the eDNA; L2: Perform high-throughput sequencing on the extracted eDNA to obtain a large amount of eDNA sequence data.

6. The environmental ecological management method based on eDNA data of river fish species according to claim 5 is characterized by: The following steps are also included: M1: Compare the sequenced eDNA with the fish eDNA barcode database to identify the fish species present; M2: Compare with database to improve the accuracy of species identification; M3: Analyze ecological indicators such as fish species composition and diversity index to assess the health of river ecosystems; M4: Compare the monitoring results from different sampling points and different time periods, and analyze the changing trends and influencing factors of fish communities.

7. The environmental ecological management method based on eDNA data of river fish species according to claim 6 is characterized by: The following steps are also included: K1: Incorporate eDNA monitoring results into the river ecological management decision-making system to provide data support for the formulation of protection policies and planning of protection measures; K2: Take timely measures to rectify and repair problems and hidden dangers found during monitoring; K3: Raise public awareness of river ecological protection and fish diversity by publishing monitoring reports and holding science popularization activities; K4: Encourage the public to participate in river ecological protection actions and jointly maintain the health and stability of the river ecosystem.

8. The environmental ecological management method based on eDNA data of river fish species according to claim 7 is characterized by: The following steps are also included: P1: Pay attention to the latest progress and research results of eDNA technology, and continuously introduce and apply new technologies and methods; P2: Develop corresponding management and protection measures based on the hydrological characteristics and water quality changes of rivers in different seasons.

9. The environmental ecological management method based on eDNA data of river fish species according to claim 8, characterized in that: The following steps are also included: Q1: Assess the health of river ecosystems and the level of fish species diversity based on eDNA data; Q2: Analyze the changing trends and influencing factors of fish community structure to provide a scientific basis for ecological protection; Q3: Incorporate eDNA monitoring results into the river ecological management decision-making system to provide data support for formulating protection policies and planning protection measures.

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