Ecological buoy abnormity monitoring system and abnormity processing method

Abstract

The invention discloses an ecological buoy anomaly monitoring system and an anomaly processing method, relates to the technical field of offshore sea surface exploration, and aims to solve the problem that multiple detection data are abnormal due to the fact that the swing amplitude of a monitoring device is increased when a buoy is impacted by sea waves to float and increase. The sensor module transmits data to the data acquisition unit, the data acquisition unit transmits the acquired data to a shore-based monitoring center or a cloud platform in real time through the data transmission unit, finally, the control and processing unit receives the data from the sensor module, whether abnormal conditions exist or not is judged, and if it is detected that the buoy platform descends or ascends, the buoy platform stops working. The control and processing unit starts the abnormity adjusting mechanism to rotate to tighten or loosen the fixing anchors, no matter how the sea level changes, the buoy platform is fixed by at least three sets of fixing anchors all the time, the swing amplitude of the monitoring device is reduced to the maximum extent, and then the accuracy of multiple detection data is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of offshore sea surface survey, and in particular to an ecological buoy abnormality monitoring system and an abnormality processing method. Background Art

[0002] Offshore sea surface survey is an important task for comprehensive scientific investigation of nearshore waters. It is of key significance to many fields such as marine resource development, environmental protection, and weather forecasting. Existing offshore sea surface surveys are mainly carried out by ecological floats. Ecological floats are like "monitoring stations" in the ocean, and they are deployed in offshore areas. These floats can monitor basic physical parameters such as seawater temperature, salinity, and depth in real time. Through sensors, they can accurately record data and transmit it back to the monitoring center on land. At the same time, ecological floats can also monitor the ecological environment of the ocean, such as monitoring the activities of marine organisms and changes in water quality.

[0003] For example, a hydrological buoy emergency detection device with announcement number CN109357665B includes a hydrological buoy emergency detection device body, a hydrological buoy monitoring device bottom cabin is provided on the hydrological buoy emergency detection device body, a protective mechanism is provided on the hydrological buoy monitoring device bottom cabin, and the bottom of the hydrological buoy monitoring device bottom cabin is connected to the tail pipe of the hydrological buoy monitoring device bottom cabin. The present invention has a compact structure, simple operation, and practical functions, and conveniently provides a platform for hydrological detection and data reception and transmission. At the same time, the present invention has better protective measures, which prolongs its service life and reduces maintenance costs, making it convenient for the present invention to detect important data in hydrological monitoring of the waters where it is located.

[0004] Another example is a buoy chain-mounted inclined current measurement system with announcement number CN110307830A, which includes a surface buoy body, a current meter, and a cable; one end of the cable is connected to the bottom of the surface buoy body, and the other end is anchored to the seabed; the current meter is dragged and connected to the cable; the current meter includes a collection / processing module for collecting the current meter inclination, azimuth and depth, converting them into current velocity values, flow direction values, depth values ​​and wave data and storing them. The buoy chain-mounted inclined current measurement system of the present invention can install multiple inclined current meters at different depths to achieve long-term continuous observation of currents at different depths, and surface wave measurements can be performed using current values ​​close to the water surface.

[0005] However, the above-mentioned prior art has the problem that when placed near the coast for monitoring, it does not take into account the fact that the sea level near the coast may drop or rise significantly due to tidal changes. At this time, the monitoring device will also drop or rise with the buoy. Since no corresponding treatment is taken, the rope towing the buoy is loosened. Without the traction limit of the buoy, the buoy is impacted by the waves and floats more, which will cause the swing amplitude of the monitoring device to increase, and further lead to abnormalities in multiple detection data.

[0006] Therefore, there is a need for an ecological buoy abnormality monitoring system and an abnormality handling method. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to solve all or part of the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an ecological buoy abnormal monitoring system and an abnormality handling method, so as to solve the problem that without the traction restriction of the buoy, the buoy is impacted by the waves and the floating is increased, which will cause the swing amplitude of the monitoring device to increase, and then cause abnormalities in multiple detection data.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an ecological buoy abnormality monitoring system, comprising a monitoring host and a buoy platform located at the lower side of the monitoring host, the monitoring host is fixedly installed on a rotating platform movably arranged at the upper end of the buoy platform, an abnormality adjustment mechanism is arranged at the lower middle end of the buoy platform, a fixed anchor is arranged at the driving end of the abnormality adjustment mechanism, at least three groups of fixed anchors are arranged, and adjacent fixed anchors are spaced 120° apart; the monitoring host comprises a monitoring module, a data acquisition unit, a data transmission unit, a positioning and navigation unit, and a control and processing unit; the monitoring module comprises a depth sensor, the depth sensor is used to measure the water depth of the buoy, and combined with tidal data, analyzes the position change of the buoy caused by the rise and fall of the sea level; the data acquisition unit: is responsible for regularly collecting the signal output by the monitoring module and converting it into a digital signal The data is stored and processed; Data transmission unit: wireless communication technology is used to transmit the collected data to the shore-based monitoring center or cloud platform in real time; Positioning and navigation unit: GPS or Beidou satellite navigation system is used to provide accurate location information for the ecological buoy, and accurately obtain the latitude and longitude information of the buoy to determine whether the buoy deviates from the preset monitoring area; Control and processing unit: The control module receives the data from the sensor module, analyzes and processes it, and determines whether there is any abnormality. If it is detected that the buoy platform is descending or rising, the control and processing unit starts the abnormal adjustment mechanism to rotate to tighten or loosen the fixed anchor, and at the same time sends the abnormal data and processing information to the shore-based monitoring center through the data transmission module.

[0009] Furthermore, the monitoring module also includes a water quality monitoring module, a meteorological monitoring module and an ocean dynamics monitoring module; the water quality monitoring module: real-time monitoring of changes in water quality parameters to provide key data for judging the health status of the offshore ecological environment; the meteorological monitoring module: real-time monitoring of wind speed, wind direction, temperature, air pressure and humidity information on the offshore sea surface to provide data support for analyzing the impact of marine meteorological conditions on the offshore ecological environment; the ocean dynamics monitoring module: used to monitor ocean waves and current changes to provide data support for analyzing material transportation, energy transfer and marine disaster warnings in the marine ecosystem.

[0010] Furthermore, a casing is installed at the lower end of the buoy platform, a through hole is opened on the outer side of the casing, and a bottom sealing cover is installed at the lower end of the casing.

[0011] Furthermore, the abnormal adjustment mechanism includes a servo motor and a center column installed at the driving end of the servo motor, the outer shell of the servo motor is installed at the lower end of the bottom sealing cover, an annular groove is opened in the middle of the center column, a blocking block is arranged on the center column located inside the annular groove, a rotating disk is rotatably arranged between the shell and the bottom sealing cover, an insert block is arranged on the inner side of the rotating disk, the insert block is inserted into the annular groove, a connecting piece is arranged on the outer side of the rotating disk, and the connecting piece is fixedly connected to the fixed anchor.

[0012] Furthermore, a locking disk is provided on the lower side of the rotating disk, a lower tooth groove is opened around the middle of the upper end of the locking disk, an upper tooth groove is provided on the lower side of the rotating disk, the lower tooth groove is meshed with the upper tooth groove, a movable column is provided through the locking disk, the lower end of the movable column is fixedly connected to the bottom sealing cover, a spring is provided on the outer side of the movable column, the upper end of the spring is fixedly connected to the rotating disk and the lower end is fixedly connected to the bottom sealing cover, when the servo motor drives the rotating disk to rotate, the driving force of the servo motor is very large, which will drive the upper tooth groove on the rotating disk to push the lower tooth groove on the locking disk.

[0013] Furthermore, the monitoring host is provided with four groups, and each group has the same structural composition. A connecting column is fixedly installed on the upper end of the central column, and the upper end of the connecting column passes through the buoy platform and is fixedly connected with the rotating platform.

[0014] Furthermore, the fixed anchor includes a Dyneema rope 1 and a Kent shackle arranged at one end of the Dyneema rope 1, the other end of the Dyneema rope 1 passes through the through hole and is connected to the connecting piece, a Dyneema rope 2 is arranged at the end of the Kent shackle away from the Dyneema rope 1, a steel buoy is arranged at the end of the Dyneema rope 2 away from the Kent shackle, the Dyneema rope 2 and the steel buoy are connected through a tension sensor, an anchor chain is arranged at the lower end of the steel buoy, and a sinker is arranged at the end of the anchor chain away from the steel buoy.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention proposes an ecological buoy abnormality monitoring system and an abnormality handling method. A depth sensor is used to measure the water depth of the buoy, and combined with tidal data, the position change of the buoy caused by the rise and fall of the sea level is analyzed, and the data is transmitted to a data acquisition unit, which is converted into a digital signal for storage and processing. The collected data is then transmitted to a shore-based monitoring center or a cloud platform in real time through the data transmission unit. Finally, the data from the sensor module is received by the control and processing unit, and the data is analyzed and processed to determine whether there is an abnormality. If it is detected that the buoy platform is descending or rising, the control and processing unit starts the abnormal adjustment mechanism to rotate and tighten or loosen the fixed anchor. No matter how the sea level changes, the buoy platform is always fixed by at least three groups of fixed anchors, which minimizes the swing amplitude of the monitoring device, thereby ensuring the accuracy of multiple detection data. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall process of the ecological buoy abnormal monitoring system of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the monitoring module of the ecological buoy abnormal monitoring system of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the buoy platform and the monitoring host of the ecological buoy abnormality monitoring system of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled three-dimensional structure of the buoy platform of the ecological buoy abnormality monitoring system of the present invention; Figure 5 The three-dimensional structure of the housing of the ecological buoy abnormal monitoring system of the present invention is disassembled Figure 1 ; Figure 6 The three-dimensional structure of the housing of the ecological buoy abnormal monitoring system of the present invention is disassembled Figure 2 ; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the fixed anchor of the ecological buoy abnormality monitoring system of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the implementation method of the ecological buoy abnormal monitoring system of the present invention.

[0017] In the figure: 1. buoy platform; 11. rotating platform; 12. casing; 13. through hole; 14. bottom sealing cover; 2. monitoring host; 3. abnormal adjustment mechanism; 31. servo motor; 32. center column; 321. annular groove; 33. blocking block; 34. rotating disk; 341. upper tooth groove; 35. plug-in block; 36. connecting piece; 37. locking disk; 371. lower tooth groove; 372. movable column; 373. spring; 38. connecting column; 4. fixed anchor; 41. Dyneema rope one; 42. Kent shackle; 43. Dyneema rope two; 44. steel float; 441. tension sensor; 45. anchor chain; 46. sinker. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] like Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, an ecological buoy abnormality monitoring system is composed of a monitoring host 2 for monitoring and a buoy platform 1 for carrying the monitoring host 2 to facilitate monitoring. The monitoring host 2 is provided with four groups, and each group has the same structure. The monitoring host 2 includes a monitoring module, which is composed of a depth sensor, a water quality monitoring module, a meteorological monitoring module, and an ocean dynamic monitoring module. The depth sensor is used to measure the water depth of the buoy, and analyze the position change of the buoy caused by the rise and fall of the sea level in combination with tidal data. The water quality monitoring module includes a dissolved oxygen sensor, a pH sensor, a salinity sensor, and an ammonia nitrogen sensor. The dissolved oxygen sensor uses optical or electrochemical principles to accurately measure the content of dissolved oxygen in seawater. The pH sensor can accurately detect the acidity and alkalinity of seawater. The salinity sensor measures the salinity of seawater based on the conductivity principle. The ammonia nitrogen sensor converts ammonia nitrogen in seawater into a detectable signal through a chemical reaction. The above sensor can be installed at the bottom of the buoy platform 1 by wire or wirelessly and is in contact with seawater when in use. The meteorological monitoring module is composed of a wind speed and direction sensor, an air temperature sensor, an air pressure sensor, and a humidity sensor. Wind speed and direction sensors use ultrasonic or mechanical principles. The temperature sensor generally has a measurement range of -20°C to 50°C. The pressure sensor has a measurement range of 950-1100hPa. The humidity sensor measures relative humidity in the range of 0-100%. The ocean dynamics monitoring module includes wave sensors and current sensors. The wave sensor uses pressure or acoustic principles to measure parameters such as wave height, period and direction, with a wave height measurement range of 0-10m. The current sensor measures the speed and direction of the ocean current based on the acoustic Doppler principle or electromagnetic induction principle, with a speed measurement range of 0-2m / s.

[0020] The monitoring host 2 also includes a data acquisition unit, which is responsible for regularly collecting the signals output by the sensor and converting them into digital signals for storage and processing. The acquisition frequency can be set according to the monitoring requirements, generally once every 5-15 minutes to ensure that changes in environmental parameters can be captured in a timely manner. At the same time, in order to improve the accuracy and reliability of the data, the acquisition unit also has data filtering and calibration functions, which performs preliminary processing on the collected data to remove noise and errors.

[0021] The monitoring host 2 also includes a data transmission unit, which uses wireless communication technology, such as 4G / 5G, satellite communication or LoRa, to transmit the collected data to the shore-based monitoring center or cloud platform in real time. In areas with good mobile network coverage in the offshore area, 4G / 5G communication technology can provide high-speed and stable data transmission, which can meet the real-time transmission needs of large amounts of data. For remote waters or areas with unstable network signals, satellite communication is a reliable choice. Encryption algorithms are used to encrypt data during data transmission to ensure the security and integrity of the data and prevent the data from being stolen or tampered with.

[0022] The monitoring host 2 also includes a positioning and navigation unit, which uses GPS or Beidou satellite navigation system to provide accurate location information for the ecological buoy. The positioning accuracy can reach several meters or even higher, and the position change of the buoy can be monitored in real time to promptly detect the drift or abnormal movement of the buoy. At the same time, the navigation module can also communicate with the shore-based monitoring center, receive instructions and adjust the position and attitude of the buoy to ensure that the sensor can accurately collect data from the target area. In the event of severe weather or sea conditions, it is convenient for manual work to pull the equipment back to the coast in time to ensure the safety of the equipment.

[0023] The monitoring host 2 also includes a control and processing unit. The control and processing unit, as the core control unit of the ecological buoy, is responsible for managing and coordinating the work of each module. It uses an embedded microprocessor or microcontroller, which can run complex control algorithms and data processing programs in real time. The control module receives data from the sensor module, analyzes and processes it, and determines whether there is an abnormality. If an abnormality is detected, the corresponding alarm and processing mechanism will be activated according to the preset rules, and the abnormal data and processing information will be sent to the shore-based monitoring center through the data transmission module. In addition, the control module can also remotely control and adjust parameters of the equipment on the buoy according to the instructions of the shore-based monitoring center, such as adjusting the sampling frequency of the sensor, changing the data transmission mode, etc., to meet different monitoring needs.

[0024] Furthermore, if the control and processing unit analyzes the data and finds that the buoy platform 1 descends or ascends, the control and processing unit activates the abnormal adjustment mechanism 3 to rotate and tighten or loosen the fixed anchor 4, and at the same time sends the abnormal data and processing information to the shore-based monitoring center through the data transmission module.

[0025] Specifically, Figure 1-Figure 6 As shown, the abnormal adjustment mechanism 3 rotates to tighten or loosen the fixed anchor 4 through the following scheme: Four sets of monitoring hosts 2 are installed on the buoy platform 1. A casing 12 is installed at the lower end of the buoy platform 1. A bottom sealing cover 14 is installed at the lower end of the casing 12. A servo motor 31 is installed at the middle of the lower end of the bottom sealing cover 14. A center column 32 is installed at the driving end of the servo motor 31. An annular groove 321 is opened in the middle of the center column 32. A blocking block 33 is arranged on the center column 32 located inside the annular groove 321. A rotating disk 34 is rotatably arranged between the casing 12 and the bottom sealing cover 14. An insert block 35 is arranged on the inner side of the rotating disk 34. The insert block 35 is inserted into the annular groove 321. The rotating disk 34 is rotated. 4 is provided with a connecting piece 36, which is fixedly connected to the fixing anchor 4, a locking plate 37 is provided at the lower side of the rotating plate 34, a lower tooth groove 371 is provided around the middle of the upper end of the locking plate 37, an upper tooth groove 341 is provided at the lower side of the rotating plate 34, the lower tooth groove 371 is meshed with the upper tooth groove 341, a movable column 372 is provided through the locking plate 37, the lower end of the movable column 372 is fixedly connected to the bottom sealing cover 14, a spring 373 is provided at the outer side of the movable column 372, the upper end of the spring 373 is fixedly connected to the rotating plate 34 and the lower end is fixedly connected to the bottom sealing cover 14.

[0026] Specifically, when the horizontal plane is detected to move downward, the servo motor 31 is started to rotate the center column 32, and then the blocking block 33 is rotated to contact the plug block 35 and drive the rotating disk 34 to rotate, so that the rotating disk 34 drives the Dyneema rope 41. At the beginning, since the Dyneema rope 41 is in a loose state, the entire buoy platform 1 will rotate, so that the Dyneema rope 41 is wrapped around the outside of the casing 12, until the Dyneema rope 41 is tightened, the buoy platform 1 is reversed and reset, and the Dyneema rope 41 is rotated into the casing 1 2 inside, complete the adjustment of the Dyneema rope 41, no matter how the sea level changes, the buoy platform 1 is always fixed by at least three groups of fixed anchors 4, the swing amplitude of the monitoring device is reduced to the greatest extent, thereby ensuring the accuracy of multiple detection data, and the outer circumference of the rotating disk 34 is 3-4 meters, and the length of the Dyneema rope 41 is 2-3 meters. Due to the change of offshore tides, the water level difference is generally 2-3 meters. When collecting or releasing the rope, the rotating disk 34 does not need to rotate more than one circle, which is also convenient for the servo motor 31 to drive the monitoring host 2 to rotate; Furthermore, when the servo motor 31 drives the rotating disk 34 to rotate, the driving force of the servo motor 31 is very large, which will drive the upper tooth groove 341 on the rotating disk 34 to push the lower tooth groove 371 on the locking disk 37, and then the spring 373 is compressed until the upper tooth groove 341 can rotate while the lower tooth groove 371 does not move. When the servo motor 31 stops, the lower tooth groove 371 engages with the upper tooth groove 341 again. At this time, the reaction force of the fixed anchor 4 itself blown by the sea breeze or waves is not enough to unlock the upper tooth groove 341 and the lower tooth groove 371, and then the rotating disk 34 is quickly locked, thereby achieving the effect of auxiliary quick locking, and can reduce the loss of the servo motor 31 to the reverse rotation force.

[0027] Furthermore, in order to facilitate a motor to adjust the monitoring host 2 simultaneously while retracting and releasing the rope, and reduce the gravity of the entire device, a connecting column 38 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the central column 32, and the upper end of the connecting column 38 passes through the buoy platform 1 and is fixedly connected to the rotating platform 11. Whether it is reeling in the Dyneema rope 41 or releasing the Dyneema rope 41, the central column 32 finally contacts the plug 35. When the central column 32 needs to be rotated, the plug 35 will move in the annular groove 321, and the arc of the annular groove 321 when viewed from above is 3 50°, so when it is necessary to adjust the direction of the four groups of monitoring hosts 2, the servo motor 31 drives the central column 32 to rotate forward or reverse, so that the plug block 35 only moves in the annular groove 321 and does not contact the blocking block 33, and then the four groups of monitoring hosts 2 can be adjusted, which is convenient for daily use. Through the forward or reverse rotation of the four groups of monitoring hosts 2, the wind speed and wind direction in four directions can be detected at least four times, thereby increasing the number of tests, avoiding the occurrence of inaccurate single test data, and ensuring the accuracy of the test data.

[0028] Furthermore, Figure 3 and Figure 7 As shown in the figure, in normal calm conditions, the anchor chain of the buoy always lies partially on the seabed, and the turning radius of the buoy is small. When the wind is strong and the waves are fierce, the entire anchor chain is basically not touching the seabed, and this is the maximum turning radius. The buoy body is affected by the attachment of marine organisms all year round and needs to be cleaned regularly. Underwater cleaning is difficult, and the buoy body needs to be lifted ashore for cleaning and maintenance. At the same time, the buoy body and anchor chain are difficult to disassemble, requiring the cooperation of divers and large ships, which consumes manpower and material resources, and is also difficult to install, which limits the cleaning and maintenance of the buoy body on shore and the shelter from the wind in the return pool to deal with super typhoons.

[0029] In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, at least three groups of fixed anchors 4 are provided, and the adjacent fixed anchors 4 are spaced 120° apart. The fixed anchors 4 include a Dyneema rope 1 41 and a Kent shackle 42 arranged at one end of the Dyneema rope 1 41. The rope ends at both ends of the Dyneema rope are made into built-in steel heart rings. A through hole 13 is provided on the outer side of the casing 12. The other end of the Dyneema rope 1 41 passes through the through hole 13 and is connected to the connector 36. A Dyneema rope 2 43 is provided at one end of the Kent shackle 42 away from the Dyneema rope 1 41. The Dyneema rope 2 43 is away from the Kent shackle 4 A steel buoy 44 is provided at one end of 2, and the Dyneema rope 243 is connected to the steel buoy 44 through a tension sensor 441. The tension sensor 441 can provide certain data support for the monitoring module. When the servo motor 31 is retracted or released, the threshold of the tension sensor 441 is triggered. At this time, combined with the water level, the control and processing unit determines whether the servo motor 31 is paused or continued to ensure the accuracy of the abnormal processing adjustment data. An anchor chain 45 is provided at the lower end of the steel buoy 44, and a sinker 46 is provided at one end of the anchor chain 45 away from the steel buoy 44.

[0030] When dealing with a super typhoon, in order to ensure the safety of the monitoring equipment and the buoy body, the buoy platform 1 needs to be pulled to the harbor to avoid the wind. The Dyneema rope 41 between the buoy platform 1 and the steel buoy 44 in the water is hooked out of the water, the Kent shackle 42 is placed on the boat, the Kent shackle 42 is untied by tools, and the three anchor systems are operated in the same way, and the buoy platform 1 and the anchor chain 45 are quickly detached. The buoy platform 1 can be pulled to the harbor to avoid the wind, or lifted ashore for maintenance and upkeep. The anchor chain 45 is connected to the steel buoy 44, so the anchor chain 45 will not sink to the bottom of the sea, especially in the muddy bottom. If the head of the anchor chain 45 is stuck in the mud, it is basically impossible to find it. The connection between the buoy platform 1 and the anchor chain 45 only requires a small boat to connect the Kent shackle 42 between the buoy platform 1 and the three steel buoys 44, so that the buoy body can be reset. The three-anchor system structure is adopted, the buoy's turning radius is small, the buoy is stable and can achieve stable large-scale data transmission. This anchor system structure only requires a small boat, and the disassembly is also relatively fast and simple, which can save a lot of time and material costs. The anchor system structure can be quickly dismantled and can be pulled to the harbor for shelter in a very short time. It can effectively deal with the damage to the buoy by super typhoons, ensure the safety of monitoring equipment, and make the buoy more stable and reliable; improve the reliability of the system and the accuracy of the monitoring data, and can quickly disassemble the buoy body, which can effectively achieve the maintenance and care of the buoy body and extend the service life of the buoy body.

[0031] like Figure 1-Figure 8 As shown, another technical solution proposed by the present invention is to provide an abnormality handling method for an ecological buoy abnormality monitoring system, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Measure the water depth of the buoy platform 1 through the depth sensor in the monitoring module, and analyze the position change of the buoy caused by the rise and fall of the sea level in combination with the tidal data; Step 2: The data acquisition unit regularly collects the signal output by the monitoring module and converts it into a digital signal for storage and processing; Step 3: When the control and processing unit determines that the buoy platform 1 is descending or ascending, the servo motor 31 in the abnormal adjustment mechanism 3 is started to rotate the center column 32, and the rotation of the center column 32 drives the blocking block 33 to rotate, and the blocking block 33 rotates to contact the plug block 35 and drives the rotating disk 34 to rotate, and the rotating disk 34 drives the Dyneema rope 41 to be pulled, and the Dyneema rope 41 is rotated into the inner side of the casing 12; Step 4: The control and processing unit sends the abnormal data and processing information to the shore-based monitoring center or cloud platform through the data transmission unit.

[0032] It should be noted that, in the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "length", "thickness", "inside", "outside", "axial", "radial", etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0033] In addition, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprises", or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0034] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ecological buoy abnormality monitoring system, characterized in that: The monitoring host (2) comprises a monitoring host (2) and a buoy platform (1) located below the monitoring host (2), wherein the monitoring host (2) is fixedly mounted on a rotating platform (11) movably arranged at the upper end of the buoy platform (1), an abnormal adjustment mechanism (3) is arranged at the lower middle end of the buoy platform (1), a fixed anchor (4) is arranged at the driving end of the abnormal adjustment mechanism (3), at least three groups of fixed anchors (4) are arranged, and adjacent fixed anchors (4) are spaced 120 degrees apart; the monitoring host (2) comprises a monitoring module, a data acquisition unit, a data transmission unit, a positioning and navigation unit, and a control and processing unit; the monitoring module comprises a depth sensor, the depth sensor is used to measure the water depth of the buoy, and analyze the position change of the buoy caused by the rise and fall of the sea level in combination with tidal data; the data acquisition unit is responsible for regularly collecting data from the monitoring module The output signal is converted into a digital signal for storage and processing; a data transmission unit: wireless communication technology is used to transmit the collected data in real time to a shore-based monitoring center or a cloud platform; a positioning and navigation unit: GPS or Beidou satellite navigation system is used to provide accurate location information for the ecological buoy, accurately obtain the latitude and longitude information of the buoy, and judge whether the buoy deviates from the preset monitoring area; a control and processing unit: the control module receives the data from the sensor module, analyzes and processes it, and judges whether there is an abnormal situation. If it is detected that the buoy platform (1) is descending or ascending, the control and processing unit starts the abnormal adjustment mechanism (3) to rotate and tighten or loosen the fixed anchor (4), and at the same time sends the abnormal data and processing information to the shore-based monitoring center through the data transmission module.

2. The ecological buoy abnormality monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring module also includes a water quality monitoring module, a meteorological monitoring module and an ocean dynamics monitoring module; the water quality monitoring module: real-time monitoring of changes in water quality parameters to provide key data for judging the health of the offshore ecological environment; the meteorological monitoring module: real-time monitoring of wind speed, wind direction, temperature, air pressure and humidity information on the offshore sea surface to provide data support for analyzing the impact of marine meteorological conditions on the offshore ecological environment; the ocean dynamics monitoring module: used to monitor ocean waves and current changes to provide data support for analyzing material transportation, energy transfer and marine disaster warnings in the marine ecosystem.

3. The ecological buoy abnormality monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A casing (12) is installed at the lower end of the buoy platform (1), a through hole (13) is provided on the outer side of the casing (12), and a bottom sealing cover (14) is installed at the lower end of the casing (12).

4. The ecological buoy abnormality monitoring system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The abnormal adjustment mechanism (3) comprises a servo motor (31) and a center column (32) mounted on the driving end of the servo motor (31); the housing of the servo motor (31) is mounted on the lower end of the bottom sealing cover (14); an annular groove (321) is provided in the middle of the center column (32); a blocking block (33) is provided on the center column (32) located inside the annular groove (321); a rotating disk (34) is rotatably arranged between the housing (12) and the bottom sealing cover (14); an insert block (35) is provided on the inner side of the rotating disk (34); the insert block (35) is inserted into the inner side of the annular groove (321); a connecting piece (36) is provided on the outer side of the rotating disk (34); and the connecting piece (36) is fixedly connected to the fixing anchor (4).

5. The ecological buoy abnormality monitoring system according to claim 4, characterized in that: A locking disk (37) is arranged at the lower side of the rotating disk (34), a lower tooth groove (371) is arranged around the middle of the upper end of the locking disk (37), an upper tooth groove (341) is arranged at the lower side of the rotating disk (34), the lower tooth groove (371) is meshed with the upper tooth groove (341), a movable column (372) is arranged through the locking disk (37), the lower end of the movable column (372) is fixedly connected to the bottom sealing cover (14), a spring (373) is arranged on the outer side of the movable column (372), the upper end of the spring (373) is fixedly connected to the rotating disk (34) and the lower end is fixedly connected to the bottom sealing cover (14), when the servo motor (31) drives the rotating disk (34) to rotate, the driving force of the servo motor (31) is very large, which will drive the upper tooth groove (341) on the rotating disk (34) to push the lower tooth groove (371) on the locking disk (37).

6. The ecological buoy abnormality monitoring system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The monitoring host (2) is provided in four groups, and each group has the same structural composition.

7. The ecological buoy abnormality monitoring system according to claim 6, characterized in that: A connecting column (38) is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the central column (32), and the upper end of the connecting column (38) passes through the buoy platform (1) and is fixedly connected to the rotating platform (11).

8. The ecological buoy abnormality monitoring system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The fixed anchor (4) comprises a Dyneema rope 1 (41) and a Kent shackle (42) arranged at one end of the Dyneema rope 1 (41); the other end of the Dyneema rope 1 (41) passes through the through hole (13) and is connected to the connecting piece (36); a Dyneema rope 2 (43) is arranged at the end of the Kent shackle (42) away from the Dyneema rope 1 (41); a steel buoy (44) is arranged at the end of the Dyneema rope 2 (43) away from the Kent shackle (42); the Dyneema rope 2 (43) and the steel buoy (44) are connected via a tension sensor (441); an anchor chain (45) is arranged at the lower end of the steel buoy (44); and a sinker (46) is arranged at the end of the anchor chain (45) away from the steel buoy (44).

9. The abnormality handling method of the ecological buoy abnormality monitoring system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: Measure the water depth of the buoy platform (1) through the depth sensor in the monitoring module, and analyze the position change of the buoy caused by the rise and fall of the sea level in combination with the tidal data; S2: The data acquisition unit regularly collects the signal output by the monitoring module and converts it into a digital signal for storage and processing; S3: When the control and processing unit determines that the buoy platform (1) is descending or ascending, the servo motor (31) in the abnormal adjustment mechanism (3) is started to rotate the central column (32), the central column (32) rotates to drive the blocking block (33) to rotate, the blocking block (33) rotates to contact the plug block (35) and drives the rotating disk (34) to rotate, the rotating disk (34) drives the Dyneema rope (41) to be pulled, and the Dyneema rope (41) is rotated to enter the inner side of the casing (12); S4: The control and processing unit sends the abnormal data and processing information to the shore-based monitoring center or cloud platform through the data transmission unit.

10. The abnormality handling method of the ecological buoy abnormality monitoring system according to claim 9, characterized in that: In the above-mentioned S3, during the adjustment process of the buoy platform (1), when the servo motor (31) stops, the spring (373) is reset so that the upper tooth groove (341) meshes with the upper tooth groove (341) again, thereby locking the rotating disk (34).

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