Unstable dangerous rock mass monitoring and early warning device based on pressure principle and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an unstable dangerous rock mass monitoring and early warning device based on the pressure intensity principle and a control method thereof.A hollow cylinder is arranged at the front end of the device, a closed space is formed in the cylinder, a piston rod is installed at the upper end of the cylinder, the other end of the piston rod is connected with a function box, and a pressure sensor, an alarm device and a pressure gauge are arranged in the function box; different pressure values correspond to different displacement values. The device can be arranged below a dangerous rock body, when a monitored object moves, gas in the cylinder of the downward pressing piston is compressed, so that the pressure intensity of the gas changes, the wireless sensor transmits a pressure value to the receiver, and when the pressure intensity value reaches a set forecast grade value, the alarm device sends out early warning information. The device is driven by a solar power supply, is fast to install and low in cost, is suitable for monitoring natural geological disasters such as dangerous rock mass and can also be used for monitoring a construction object in real time in the construction process, and the situation that the construction object cannot be evacuated in time when collapse occurs in the construction process is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of geological disaster monitoring, and in particular to a pressure-principle-based unstable and dangerous rock mass monitoring and early warning device and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Unstable and dangerous rock mass refers to some rock mass that has not collapsed yet, but has the main conditions for collapse and has already shown signs of collapse, thus indicating that the rock and soil may collapse soon. Dangerous rock mass is a potential collapse body. The collapse of dangerous rock mass is a common geological disaster in mountainous areas; the collapse of dangerous rock mass is characterized by strong suddenness and great destructive power, which seriously threatens the normal production and life of traffic arteries and mountain residents. Therefore, it is very important to monitor and warn of unstable and dangerous rock mass. In view of the current difficulty in monitoring dangerous rock mass and the high cost of equipment, the monitoring of dangerous rock mass is relatively difficult.

[0003] Currently, there are two main types of monitoring for dangerous rock masses: first, instrument monitoring; second, manual inspection and observation.

[0004] At present, the methods for monitoring unstable and dangerous rock masses have the following shortcomings: the first one: the instrument method, this method is to place instruments such as crack meters, inclinometers or global positioning receivers at fixed points. The problem with this method is that these instruments are expensive, and the cost of high-precision monitoring equipment and technology is often expensive, and professional personnel are required for control and maintenance. Therefore, due to economic reasons, it cannot be promoted on a large scale; the second one: the manual observation method, this method is through manual on-site inspections. This method requires a large number of personnel on-site observations, resulting in high labor costs and low efficiency, and cannot realize real-time observation, recording, calculation, analysis and alarm work, especially under special meteorological conditions. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention aims to solve the problem that current devices are unable to achieve real-time observation, recording, calculation, analysis and alarm, solve the problem of real-time observation under severe weather conditions, and solve the problem that current devices require frequent debugging and maintenance.

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: A pressure-based unstable rock mass monitoring and early warning device comprises a fixed panel, which is rotatably connected to a stainless steel round tube via a hinge, a plurality of adjustment holes are arranged on both sides of the stainless steel round tube, the inner wall at the bottom of the stainless steel round tube is connected to the outer wall of an iron rod, the iron rod is connected to the top of a piston, the piston is slidably connected to the inner wall at the top of a cylindrical tube, a tripod fixed bracket is provided at the bottom of the cylindrical tube, a pressure relief valve is provided on one side of the cylindrical tube, a wireless pressure sensor is provided on the other side of the cylindrical tube, the wireless pressure sensor is wirelessly connected to a data receiver, the data receiver is installed on the inside of a function box, and a solar panel is provided on the top of the function box.

[0007] The solar panel is connected to the battery through an output line, and the battery is connected in parallel to the data receiver, the alarm device, the early warning horn and the alarm light through a power line; the function box, the solar panel, the early warning horn and the alarm light are fixedly connected to the base through a support rod.

[0008] The function box is also provided with a storage battery and an alarm device, and the alarm device is externally connected to an early warning horn and an alarm light via a data line.

[0009] The bottom of the stainless steel round tube is hollow.

[0010] The iron rod is provided with a plurality of circular holes with equal spacing, and two circular holes are fixedly connected to two adjustment holes by screws.

[0011] The fixing panel is provided with four screw holes.

[0012] The cylindrical tube is hollow.

[0013] The wireless pressure sensor is powered by a dry cell battery.

[0014] The control method of the unstable and dangerous rock mass monitoring and early warning device based on the pressure principle comprises the following steps: S1. The pressure data is transmitted back to the control module to determine whether the dangerous rock mass has collapsed. S1.1. When the pressure data is less than 0.0005MPa, it is determined that the dangerous rock mass will not collapse, and the control module controls the alarm device to be turned off; S1.2, when 0.0005MPa≤pressure data, it is judged that the dangerous rock mass has collapsed, the control module controls to open the alarm device, the early warning speaker sounds an alarm, and the alarm light flashes; S1.3. When the pressure data is 0.001MPa≤, it is judged that the dangerous rock mass has collapsed, and the control module controls the alarm device to start the alarm, the early warning horn sounds an alarm, and the alarm light flashes; the pressure relief valve releases pressure.

[0015] The structure of the present invention is that the dangerous rock mass monitoring device is composed of two groups of devices, namely, a monitoring device and an early warning device. The monitoring device includes a stainless steel round tube, a fixed panel is provided at the top of the stainless steel round tube, an iron rod is connected to the lower end of the stainless steel round tube, the diameter of the iron rod is smaller than that of the stainless steel round tube, the bottom of the iron rod is connected to a hollow cylindrical tube filled with compressible gas, the top of the cylindrical tube is sealed by a piston, the top of the piston is connected to the iron rod, the piston fits tightly with the inner wall of the cylindrical tube, the piston slides along the inner wall of the cylindrical tube and the gas inside the cylindrical tube cannot leak out, there is a tripod fixed bracket at the bottom of the cylindrical tube, a pressure relief valve is provided on one side of the cylindrical tube, and a wireless pressure sensor is provided on the other side. The early warning device includes a function box, a solar panel, an alarm horn and an alarm light, the function box is equipped with a solar battery, an alarm connection and a data receiver, and the wireless pressure sensor transmits the gas pressure inside the cylindrical tube to the data receiver inside the function box through a wireless connection.

[0016] The present invention is also characterized in that: 1. Through the setting of the monitoring mechanism, when the dangerous rock mass moves downward, it will press the stainless steel tube downward to compress the gas in the hollow cylinder and increase the pressure. At this time, the wireless pressure sensor installed on the cylinder detects the increase in pressure in the cylinder and transmits the data to the data receiver. When the pressure value reaches the preset pressure threshold, the alarm device connected to the data receiver is triggered, and the relevant personnel are notified to further deal with the dangerous rock mass. The early warning component is located on the side of the road, with low overall maintenance costs, and can also warn vehicles passing by on the road.

[0017] 2. Through the setting of the monitoring mechanism, the device can manually set different pressure thresholds according to the volume of different dangerous rock bodies or the instability status of the dangerous rock bodies, so as to achieve accurate monitoring of different dangerous rock bodies.

[0018] 3. The monitoring equipment adopts a flexible connection method, with round holes opened on two stainless steel round tubes and iron rods of different diameters. The bracket can meet the needs of different terrains, and the length of the tripod can be adjusted according to different terrains, which is convenient for equipment installation.

[0019] 4. The fixed panel and the stainless steel round tube of the early warning device are connected by a hinge that can be moved left and right. This connection method is conducive to adjusting the angle between the monitoring equipment and the dangerous rock mass, simplifying the installation process and saving installation time.

[0020] 5. The present invention provides an unstable and dangerous rock mass monitoring and early warning device based on the pressure principle and a control method thereof. The device can monitor the deformation of the dangerous rock mass in real time. The device is quick and convenient to install and has low operation and maintenance costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 (a) is a schematic diagram of the monitoring equipment of the simple landslide monitoring and early warning device based on the pressure principle of the present invention, Figure 1 (b) is an enlarged schematic structural diagram of the local connection between the fixed panel and the hinge; Figure 2 (a) is a schematic diagram of the early warning device of the simple landslide monitoring and early warning device based on the pressure principle of the present invention, Figure 2 (b) is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the functional box; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the monitoring mechanism of the present invention installed on a dangerous rock mass.

[0022] Figure numerals: fixed panel 1, stainless steel round tube 2, iron rod 3, adjustment hole 4, round hole 5, hollow cylinder 6, piston 7, pressure relief valve 8, tripod fixing bracket 9, wireless pressure sensor 10, function box 11, solar panel 12, data receiver 13, battery 14, alarm device 15, early warning horn 16, alarm light 17, base 18, hinge 19. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] It should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper, vertical, top, bottom, inside, outside, end" etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and controlled in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0024] In addition, the description of this application is only the preferred embodiment of this application, and is not intended to limit this application. Although this application is described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of this application, such as the present invention can also use wired connection instead of wireless connection, shall be included in the protection scope of this application.

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides an unstable and dangerous rock mass monitoring and early warning device based on the pressure principle and a control method thereof, the unstable and dangerous rock mass monitoring and early warning device comprises a stainless steel round tube 2, the top of the stainless steel round tube 2 is a fixed panel 1, the stainless steel round tube 2 and the fixed panel 1 are connected by a hinge 19, the fixed panel is provided with four screw holes, which are used to fix the device to the dangerous rock mass, the side of the stainless steel round tube 2 has two adjustment holes 4 with a spacing of ten centimeters, the bottom of the stainless steel round tube 2 is hollow, connected with an iron rod 3, the diameter of the iron rod 3 is smaller than that of the stainless steel round tube 2, the iron rod 3 has ten round holes 5 with a spacing of ten centimeters, which are used to fix when connected with the stainless steel round tube 2, the top of the cylindrical tube 6 is sealed by a piston 7, the top of the piston 7 is connected to the iron rod 3, the piston 7 is tightly fitted with the inner wall of the cylindrical tube 6, the piston 7 slides along the inner wall of the cylindrical tube 6 and the gas inside the cylindrical tube 6 cannot leak out, and a tripod fixing bracket 9 is provided at the bottom of the cylindrical tube 6. A pressure relief valve 8 is provided on one side of the cylinder 6, and a wireless pressure sensor 10 is provided on the opposite side of the pressure relief valve 8. The wireless pressure sensor 10 is powered by a battery. Figure 2As shown, a data receiver 13, a battery 14 and an alarm device 15 are installed in the function box 11. A solar panel 12 is installed on the top of the function box 11. The solar panel 12 is connected to the battery 14. The battery 14 supplies power to the data receiver 13 and the alarm device 15. The data receiver 13 is connected to the alarm device 15. The alarm device 15 is externally connected to a warning speaker 16 and an alarm light 17. A base 18 is installed at the bottom of the device.

[0026] A control module is provided inside the data receiver 13 . The control module controls the alarm device 15 according to the pressure value. The alarm device 15 controls the early warning speaker 16 and the alarm light 17 .

[0027] Example 1 Reference Figure 1 The present invention discloses a monitoring and early warning device for unstable and dangerous rock masses based on the pressure principle and a control method thereof. When the user uses the device for monitoring dangerous rock masses, firstly, four expansion screw holes corresponding to the screw holes of the fixed panel 1 need to be drilled with an electric drill on the monitoring rock mass, and the expansion screws are pre-embedded. The monitoring device is fixed to the rock mass through the pre-embedded screws and the fixed panel 1, and the angle of the device is adjusted through the hinge 19 between the fixed panel 1 and the stainless steel round tube 2; there are two adjustment holes 4 with a spacing of ten centimeters on the side of the stainless steel round tube 2. When installing, the round hole 5 on the iron rod 3 is aligned with the stainless steel round tube according to the required height. The circular holes 4 on the tube 2 are aligned, and the stainless steel tube 2 and the iron rod 3 are connected with screws; the three legs of the tripod fixing bracket 9 are all retractable design structures, and the retractable principle is the same as the connection principle of the stainless steel tube 2 and the iron rod 3. It is retracted according to different terrain requirements to ensure the stability of the device; a wireless pressure sensor 10 is installed on the right side of the cylindrical tube 6. The wireless pressure sensor is a well-known technology and will not be described here; on the left side of the cylindrical tube 6 is a pressure relief valve 8. When the gas pressure in the cylindrical tube 6 exceeds the threshold value, the valve of the pressure relief valve 8 will automatically open to prevent the cylindrical tube 6 from exploding due to excessive pressure.

[0028] Reference Figure 2 As shown, the early warning device is equipped with a solar panel 12, and the solar panel 12 is electrically connected to the battery 14 in the function box 11. The solar panel 12 and the battery 14 are well-known technologies and will not be repeated here. The battery 14 provides power for the data receiver 13, the alarm device 15, the early warning speaker 16 and the alarm light 17. The data receiver 13 can manually set the pressure threshold, and the data receiver 13 and the wireless pressure sensor 10 are connected wirelessly and transmit data. When the pressure value received by the data receiver 13 reaches the threshold, the power switch of the alarm device 15 is triggered, the power switch is closed, the power of the alarm device 15 is turned on, and the early warning speaker 16 and the alarm light 17 connected to the alarm device 15 are powered on to emit an audible and visual alarm.

[0029] Example 2 like Figure 3As shown in the figure, when monitoring the dangerous rock mass, first fix the fixed panel 1 and the dangerous rock mass together, adjust the length of the stainless steel round tube 2 and the iron rod 3 according to the distance between the dangerous rock mass and the ground, and after determining the length, connect and fix the two with screws, adjust the angle of the monitoring equipment through the hinge 19, and completely fix the equipment by adjusting the tripod 9. Figure 1 After the monitoring equipment is installed, install it within 10 meters of it. Figure 2 The early warning device in the invention needs to be installed in a place with good light so as to facilitate solar charging. The early warning device is installed through the base 18, the power switch of the wireless pressure sensor 10 is turned on, the power switch of the data receiver 13 is turned on, the pressure threshold of the current dangerous rock mass is adjusted, and a wireless connection between the wireless pressure sensor 10 and the data receiver 13 is established. A monitoring and early warning device for unstable dangerous rock mass based on the pressure principle starts to operate normally. When the dangerous rock mass moves downward, the compressed stainless steel round tube 2 and the iron rod 3 move downward, so that the piston 7 in the cylindrical tube 6 is compressed downward. Since the gas in the cylindrical tube 6 is sealed in the tube, the gas pressure in the tube will increase at this time. The wireless pressure sensor 10 monitors the gas pressure in the tube in real time. The gas pressure increases to a preset threshold value. The data receiver 13 receives the pressure reaching the threshold value. At this time, the power control switch of the alarm device 15 is closed, and the early warning speaker 16 and the alarm light 17 simultaneously issue an early warning to inform the passing vehicles and personnel that there is a hidden danger of falling from the rock mass above.

[0030] Example 3 A monitoring and early warning device for unstable and dangerous rock mass based on the pressure principle comprises a fixed panel 1, the fixed panel 1 is rotatably connected to a stainless steel round tube 2 through a hinge 19, a plurality of adjustment holes 4 are arranged on both sides of the stainless steel round tube 2, the inner wall at the bottom of the stainless steel round tube 2 is connected to the outer wall of an iron rod 3, the iron rod 3 is connected to the top of a piston 7, and the piston 7 is slidably connected to the inner wall at the top of a cylindrical tube 6, A tripod fixing bracket 9 is installed at the bottom of the cylindrical tube 6, a pressure relief valve 8 is installed on one side of the cylindrical tube 6, and a wireless pressure sensor 10 is installed on the other side of the cylindrical tube 6. The wireless pressure sensor 10 is wirelessly connected to a data receiver 13, and the data receiver 13 is installed on the inner side of a function box 11. A solar panel 12 is installed on the top of the function box 11.

[0031] The solar panel 12 is connected to the battery 14 through an output line, and the battery 14 is connected in parallel to the data receiver 13, the alarm device 15, the warning speaker 16 and the alarm light 17 through a power line; the function box 11, the solar panel 12, the warning speaker 16 and the alarm light 17 are fixedly connected to the base 18 through a support rod. The function box 11 is also equipped with a battery 14 and an alarm device 15, and the alarm device 15 is externally connected to the warning speaker 16 and the alarm light 17 through a data line. The bottom of the stainless steel round tube 2 is hollow. The iron rod 3 is provided with a plurality of circular holes 5 with equal spacing, and two circular holes 5 are fixedly connected to two adjustment holes 4 by screws. The fixed panel 1 is provided with four screw holes. The cylindrical tube 6 is hollow. The wireless pressure sensor 10 is powered by a dry battery.

[0032] A control method for an unstable and dangerous rock mass monitoring and early warning device based on the pressure principle is characterized by comprising the following steps: S1, the pressure data is transmitted back to the control module to determine whether the dangerous rock mass has collapsed; S1.1. When the pressure data is less than 0.0005MPa, it is determined that the dangerous rock mass will not collapse, and the control module controls the alarm device to be turned off; S1.2, when 0.0005MPa≤pressure data, it is judged that the dangerous rock mass has collapsed, the control module controls to open the alarm device, the early warning speaker sounds an alarm, and the alarm light flashes; S1.3. When the pressure data is 0.001MPa≤, it is judged that the dangerous rock mass has collapsed, the control module controls the alarm device to sound an alarm, the early warning horn sounds an alarm, and the alarm light flashes; the pressure relief valve releases pressure.

[0033] In summary, the present invention provides a simple geological disaster monitoring and early warning device based on the pressure principle. The monitoring device is simple and easy to control, and the monitoring principle is scientific. It can monitor the movement of dangerous rock masses in real time, thereby making emergency alarms through the alarm system.

Claims

1. A pressure-based unstable rock mass monitoring and early warning device, comprising a fixed panel (1), characterized in that: The fixed panel (1) is rotatably connected to the stainless steel tube (2) via a hinge (19); a plurality of adjustment holes (4) are provided on both sides of the stainless steel tube (2); the inner wall at the bottom of the stainless steel tube (2) is connected to the outer wall of the iron rod (3); the iron rod (3) is connected to the top of the piston (7); the piston (7) is slidably connected to the inner wall at the top of the cylindrical tube (6); a tripod fixing bracket (9) is provided at the bottom of the cylindrical tube (6); a pressure relief valve (8) is provided on one side of the cylindrical tube (6); a wireless pressure sensor (10) is provided on the other side of the cylindrical tube (6); the wireless pressure sensor (10) is wirelessly connected to a data receiver (13); the data receiver (13) is installed on the inner side of a function box (11); and a solar panel (12) is provided on the top of the function box (11).

2. The unstable and dangerous rock mass monitoring and early warning device based on the pressure principle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The solar panel (12) is connected to the storage battery (14) via an output line, and the storage battery (14) is respectively connected in parallel to the data receiver (13), the alarm device (15), the warning horn (16) and the alarm light (17) via a power line; the function box (11), the solar panel (12), the warning horn (16) and the alarm light (17) are fixedly connected to the base (18) via a support rod.

3. The unstable and dangerous rock mass monitoring and early warning device based on the pressure principle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The functional box (11) also contains a storage battery (14) and an alarm device (15), and the alarm device (15) is externally connected to a warning speaker (16) and an alarm light (17) via a data line.

4. The unstable and dangerous rock mass monitoring and early warning device based on the pressure principle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The bottom of the stainless steel round tube (2) is hollow.

5. The unstable and dangerous rock mass monitoring and early warning device based on the pressure principle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The iron rod (3) is provided with a plurality of circular holes (5) with equal spacing, and two circular holes (5) are fixedly connected to two adjustment holes (4) by means of screws.

6. The unstable and dangerous rock mass monitoring and early warning device based on the pressure principle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The fixed panel (1) is provided with four screw holes.

7. The unstable and dangerous rock mass monitoring and early warning device based on the pressure principle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The cylindrical tube (6) is hollow.

8. The unstable and dangerous rock mass monitoring and early warning device based on the pressure principle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The wireless pressure sensor (10) is powered by a dry cell battery.

9. The control method of the unstable and dangerous rock mass monitoring and early warning device based on the pressure principle according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. The pressure data is transmitted back to the control module to determine whether the dangerous rock mass has collapsed. S1.

1. When the pressure data is less than 0.0005MPa, it is determined that the dangerous rock mass will not collapse, and the control module controls the alarm device to be turned off; S1.2, when 0.0005MPa≤pressure data, it is judged that the dangerous rock mass has collapsed, the control module controls to open the alarm device, the early warning speaker sounds an alarm, and the alarm light flashes; S1.

3. When the pressure data is 0.001MPa≤, it is judged that the dangerous rock mass has collapsed, and the control module controls the alarm device to start the alarm, the early warning horn sounds an alarm, and the alarm light flashes; the pressure relief valve releases pressure.

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