A tunnel portal geological disaster early warning system

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of early warning systems, and discloses a tunnel entrance geological disaster early warning system, comprising a main beam, a support column fixedly connected below the main beam, a support plate that can move up and down disposed within the main beam, a mounting plate disposed below the main beam, an early warning component mounted on the mounting plate, the early warning component and the support plate being connected, a top plate disposed above the main beam, the top plate being connected to the mounting plate, a pressure sensor disposed between the top plate and the support plate, and an airbag detection component disposed on one side of the mounting plate. In the present invention, the top plate moves downward, causing the values ​​of the pressure sensor and the distance sensor to change, thereby triggering an alarm, and a warning sign also flips and falls, further alerting the driver. In addition, when abnormal soil flow occurs at the top of the tunnel, gas is transferred from the second airbag to the first airbag, and the first airbag expands, pushing the slider to move, sounding an alarm.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of early warning systems, and in particular to a tunnel portal geological disaster early warning system x. Background Art

[0002] Due to factors such as ground subsidence, soil disturbance, and vibrations from tunnel structures and vehicles traveling through them, tunnel structures can experience deformations such as settlement, cracks, and tilt, and in severe cases, tunnel collapse. Tunnel disaster early warning is crucial to promptly detect problems and mitigate the losses caused by such disasters. This allows for early detection of potential tunnel disasters and timely alerts to facilitate preventive and response measures.

[0003] Tunnel disaster warnings are typically based on a variety of monitoring methods and data analysis. Monitoring data is used to determine geological conditions, providing critical information for disaster warning. Early detection of geological disaster risks allows for the implementation of emergency rescue measures, minimizing casualties and property losses. It can also aid rescue efforts after a disaster occurs, such as by installing warning devices to avoid chaos, prevent vehicles from entering the tunnel, and prevent further damage. Based on this, the applicant has proposed a tunnel entrance geological disaster warning system. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the technical problems raised in the background technology, the present invention provides a tunnel entrance geological disaster early warning system.

[0005] The present invention is implemented by the following technical solution: a tunnel portal geological disaster early warning system, comprising a main beam, a support column is fixedly connected below the main beam, and the main beam is further provided with:

[0006] A mounting plate, the mounting plate being arranged below the main beam and having an early warning component mounted thereon;

[0007] A support plate, which is movably mounted inside the main beam, can move up and down, and is connected to the warning component;

[0008] A top plate, the top plate is movably arranged above the main beam, the top plate is connected to the mounting plate, and a pressure sensor is provided between the top plate and the supporting plate;

[0009] An airbag detection component is arranged on one side of the mounting plate, and the airbag detection component can trigger an alarm of the early warning component.

[0010] Through the above technical solution, first of all, the support plate can move up and down, and a pressure sensor is installed between the top plate and the mounting plate. When the support plate moves up and down, the pressure sensor value will fluctuate, thereby triggering the alarm of the early warning component. Since the top plate is at the top and is in direct contact with the top of the tunnel, when an accident such as a landslide occurs, the top plate moves downward, and the pressure sensor value will fluctuate, triggering an alarm. In addition, the airbag detection component is connected to the early warning component, and a part of the airbag detection component is buried in the soil. When the pressure in the soil changes, the alarm will also be triggered through the airbag detection component. When this device is installed at the tunnel entrance, it can trigger an alarm in a variety of ways to alert vehicles. Prevent subsequent vehicles from entering the tunnel and prevent the accident from further expanding.

[0011] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the early warning component includes a distance sensor and a detection plate. Two installation slots are provided on the installation plate. Spring rods are fixedly installed in the two installation slots. Sliders are slidably installed on the spring rods. The distance sensor and the detection plate are respectively installed on one side of the two sliders.

[0012] As a further improvement of the above solution, the early warning component also includes a warning light and a buzzer. An electrical control box is fixedly connected to the mounting plate. The distance sensor, warning light and buzzer are electrically connected to the electrical control cabinet. The warning light and buzzer are installed at the bottom of the mounting plate.

[0013] With this technical solution, when the two sliders move, increasing the distance between the distance sensor and the detection plate, an electrical signal is triggered. This control system within the electrical cabinet activates a warning light and buzzer, alerting the driver. This control system within the electrical cabinet is known from existing circuitry.

[0014] As a further improvement of the above scheme, a square mounting hole is opened in the middle of the main beam, and a guide column is fixedly connected to the side wall of the mounting hole. The support plate is sleeved on the outside of the guide column, and a second spring is sleeved on the outside of the guide column located below the support plate; an oblique connecting rod is also rotatably connected between the support plate and the slider, and the two ends of the oblique connecting rod are respectively rotatably connected to the lower bottom of the support plate and the slider.

[0015] As a further improvement of the above solution, a pressure sensor is installed on the support plate, a threaded telescopic cylinder is connected above the pressure sensor, and the upper end of the threaded telescopic cylinder abuts against the top plate.

[0016] The above technical solution allows the pallet to move up and down along the guide column. After the threaded telescopic cylinder and pressure sensor are installed, a certain pressure value will be displayed on the pressure sensor. If the top plate then drives the threaded telescopic cylinder and pressure sensor downward, the pressure value on the pressure sensor will increase, triggering an electrical signal and causing the early warning component to sound an alarm. Conversely, if the top plate, threaded telescopic cylinder, and pressure sensor remain stationary, the pressure value on the pressure sensor will decrease as the pallet moves downward, also triggering an alarm.

[0017] As a further improvement of the above solution, a through hole is opened on the main beam, and a support shaft is arranged between the top plate and the mounting plate. The upper end of the support shaft is fixedly connected to the top plate, passes through the main beam in the middle, and is fixedly connected to the mounting plate at the lower end. At the same time, a first spring is sleeved on the outer side of the support shaft located between the top plate and the main beam.

[0018] With this technical solution, during installation, the top plate is in contact with the tunnel ceiling, and the first spring is compressed. The top plate cannot move upward, and the first spring exerts an upward force on the top plate, supporting it. This stabilizes the top plate. If the top plate remains stationary, the support shaft and the mounting plate below it remain stationary.

[0019] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the airbag detection assembly includes a first airbag, a second airbag and a connecting tube. A first cavity is opened inside the mounting plate and at one end of the mounting groove. The first airbag is arranged in the first cavity. The second airbag is buried in the soil on the top plate. The first airbag and the second airbag are connected by a connecting tube.

[0020] Through the above technical solution, in actual use, a valve can be installed on the connecting pipe. In addition, space is reserved in the soil above the top plate, and the second airbag is buried in the reserved space, and the second airbag is filled with gas. At this time, the valve is closed. Only when the second airbag is compressed and the internal pressure increases, the valve automatically opens, the gas is transferred to the first airbag, and the first airbag extends. When the first airbag expands and extends from the first cavity, it will push the slider to move. The second airbag can be designed to be spherical, and the spherical contact area is large, while the first airbag is designed to be cylindrical, which is convenient for extending from the first cavity to push the slider to move.

[0021] As a further improvement of the above solution, a warning sign is rotatably connected to one side of the mounting plate, a hook is fixedly connected to one side of the warning sign, and a lock plate corresponding to the hook is fixedly connected to the supporting plate.

[0022] As a further improvement of the above scheme, a wedge block is fixedly connected to one side of the lock plate, and a through hole is provided on the side wall of the main beam, in which a push block is slidably installed, and a third spring is also provided between the push block and the through hole, and one side of the wedge block and the push block is set as an inclined surface.

[0023] With this technical solution, the hook is initially locked in contact with the locking plate. As the locking plate moves downward, it disengages the hook, unlocking the warning sign. Furthermore, the wedge pushes the push block, which in turn rotates the warning sign around its connection point with the mounting plate. The sign rotates 180 degrees before opening, providing additional warnings to drivers.

[0024] As a further improvement of the above solution, a motor is installed on the mounting plate, one end of the motor is connected to a cam, and a pull plate is provided on one side of the cam, and the upper end of the pull plate is fixedly connected to the support plate.

[0025] With the above technical solution, the motor cam and the pull plate cooperate to drive the support plate to move downward actively, triggering the alarm. That is, in an emergency, the alarm can be triggered actively.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] When a collapse occurs on the top of the tunnel, the roof will move downward, causing the values ​​of the pressure sensor and the distance sensor to change, thereby triggering an alarm. Both the pressure sensor and the distance sensor can trigger the alarm. The combination of the two can avoid the problem of one of them being damaged and unable to issue an alarm in time in a complex environment. In addition, the warning sign will also flip and fall, further reminding the driver not to enter the tunnel again to avoid more serious accidents.

[0028] The present invention buries a second airbag filled with gas in the soil at the top of the tunnel. When vibrations or abnormal soil flow occur, the gas is transferred to the first airbag, which inflates and pushes the slider, thereby sounding an alarm and alerting relevant personnel to carry out inspections and maintenance, thus preventing further accidents. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention from a first viewing angle;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention from a second viewing angle;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the main beam, top plate and mounting plate of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the mounting plate and the supporting plate of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the mounting plate and the airbag detection assembly of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation position relationship of the warning sign of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the support plate and the push plate of the present invention.

[0036] Explanation of main symbols: 1. Main beam; 2. Support column; 3. Mounting plate; 4. Early warning component; 41. Distance sensor; 42. Detection board; 43. Electric control cabinet; 44. Warning light; 45. Buzzer; 5. Mounting slot; 6. Spring rod; 7. Slider; 8. Mounting hole; 9. Guide column; 10. Support plate; 11. Second spring; 12. Pressure sensor; 13. Threaded telescopic cylinder; 14. Support shaft; 15. First spring; 16. Airbag detection component; 161. First airbag; 162. Second airbag; 163. Connecting pipe; 164. First cavity; 17. Warning sign; 171. Hook; 172. Lock plate; 173. Wedge block; 174. Push block; 175. Third spring; 18. Motor; 19. Cam; 20. Pull plate; 21. Top plate; 22. Diagonal connecting rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods. It should be noted that, under the premise of no conflict, the various embodiments or technical features described below can be arbitrarily combined to form new embodiments.

[0038] Example 1:

[0039] Please combine Figure 1-Figure 4 The tunnel entrance geological disaster early warning system of this embodiment includes a main beam 1, and a support column 2 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the main beam 1. The main beam 1 and the support column 2 form a portal structure and can be installed at the tunnel entrance.

[0040] A top plate 21 is located above the main beam 1, and a mounting plate 3 is located below the main beam 1. Since the tunnel roof is generally designed to be curved, the top plate 21 is also designed to be curved, so that the top plate 21 fits snugly against the tunnel roof. A through hole is formed in the main beam 1, and a support shaft 14 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the top plate 21. The support shaft 14 passes through the main beam 1 and is then fixedly connected to the mounting plate 3. A first spring 15 is sleeved on the outer side of the support shaft 14, located between the main beam 1 and the top plate 21. During installation, the top plate 21 fits snugly against the tunnel roof, and the first spring 15 is compressed. Since the top end of the top plate 21 is the tunnel roof and cannot move upward, the first spring 15 is compressed at the lower end, exerting an upward force on the top plate 21 and supporting it. Thus, the top plate 21 is fixed. If the top plate 21 remains stationary, the support shaft 14 and the mounting plate 3 below it remain stationary.

[0041] In addition, a square mounting hole 8 is provided in the middle of the main beam 1, and a guide column 9 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the mounting hole 8. In this embodiment, four guide columns 9 are provided. A support plate 10 is provided in the mounting hole 8, and the support plate 10 is sleeved on the four guide columns 9, that is, the support plate 10 can only move up and down along the direction of the guide columns 9. A second spring 11 is sleeved on the outer side of the guide column 9 located below the support plate 10. The four second springs 11 jointly support the support plate 10. A card plate (not marked in the figure) is fixedly connected to the support plate 10, and a pressure sensor 12 is provided in the card plate. In order to make the pressure sensor 12 work, a threaded telescopic cylinder 13 is provided above the pressure sensor 12 and between the top plate 21. The threaded telescopic cylinder 13 is an existing structure, that is, it is connected by a thread and can be controlled to extend or shorten by rotation. The upper end of the threaded telescopic cylinder 13 is fixedly connected to the lower end surface of the top plate 21 by screws, and the lower end is mounted on the pressure sensor 12. The threaded telescopic cylinder 13 is rotated to control its length so that the lower end of the pressure sensor 12 is in contact with the support plate 10. At this time, the pressure sensor 12 has a predetermined pressure value. When the pressure sensor 12 moves downward, the support plate 10 moves downward, the second spring 11 is compressed, and the vertical pressure of the pressure sensor 12 increases, which can trigger an alarm. If the pressure sensor 12 does not move and the support plate 10 moves downward, the vertical pressure on the pressure sensor 12 decreases, which can also trigger an alarm.

[0042] In order to facilitate triggering the alarm, an early warning component 4 is provided on the mounting plate 3, wherein the early warning component 4 includes a warning light 44 and a buzzer 45, as well as an electric control cabinet 43. The electric control cabinet 43 is fixedly mounted on the mounting plate 3, and a warning light 44 and a buzzer 45 are fixedly mounted below the mounting plate 3. The pressure sensor 12, the warning light 44 and the buzzer 45 are all electrically connected to the electric control cabinet 43. When the value on the pressure sensor 12 changes significantly (outside the predetermined range), the control system in the electric control cabinet 43 will activate the warning light 44 and the buzzer 45 and sound an alarm. This is a common circuit control. In addition, in actual use, a lighting lamp can be normally installed at the bottom of the mounting plate 3.

[0043] The warning assembly 4 also includes a distance sensor 41 and a detection plate 42. The distance sensor 41 also needs to be electrically connected to the electrical control cabinet 43. To accommodate the distance sensor 41, two left and right mounting slots 5 are defined on the mounting plate 3. Spring rods 6 are fixedly mounted within these slots. Sliders 7 are slidably mounted on these spring rods 6. Two left and right sliders 7 are also provided, with the distance sensor 41 mounted on one slider and the detection plate 42 mounted on the other.

[0044] In addition, an oblique connecting rod 22 is provided between the slider 7 and the supporting plate 10 , that is, the upper end of the oblique connecting rod 22 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the supporting plate 10 , and the lower end is rotatably connected to the top of the slider 7 .

[0045] Therefore, due to the push of the spring on the spring rod 6, when no force is applied, the two sliders 7 are close to each other. This means that the distance sensor 41 and the detection plate 42 are close together. When the upper support plate 10 moves downward, the diagonal connecting rod 22 pushes the sliders 7 on both sides to move. The sliders 7 in the two mounting slots 5 move along the spring rod 6 and away from each other. At this time, the distance sensor 41 triggers a signal, which is then sounded through the electrical control cabinet 43, the warning light 44, and the buzzer 45.

[0046] Therefore, when the soil at the top of the tunnel becomes loose and moves downward, and there is a landslide, the top plate 21 will move downward first, and the first spring 15 will be further compressed. The top plate 21 drives the pressure sensor 12 to move downward through the threaded telescopic cylinder 13. At this time, the value on the pressure sensor 12 increases, which can trigger the warning light 44 and the buzzer 45 to alarm. In addition, when the pressure sensor 12 is pressed down, the support plate 10 will also move downward, compressing the second spring 11. When the support plate 10 moves downward, it will drive the sliders 7 on both sides to continue to move along the spring rod 6 and move away from each other through the diagonal connecting rod 22. At this time, the distance between the distance sensor 41 and the detection plate 42 increases, which will also trigger the warning light 44 and the buzzer 45 to alarm, reminding nearby drivers.

[0047] Both the pressure sensor 12 and the distance sensor 41 can trigger an alarm. Since the environment before and after a geological disaster occurs is complex, the combination of the two can avoid the problem that one of them is damaged and an alarm cannot be issued in time.

[0048] In addition, in actual use, plastic plates (not marked in the figure) are installed on both sides of the above-mentioned electric control cabinet 43, oblique connecting rod 22 and pressure sensor 12. They provide dust protection. At the same time, when danger occurs and the top plate 21 is pressed down, the thin plastic plates will be damaged and will not affect the warning effect.

[0049] Example 2:

[0050] Combine Figure 5-Figure 7 Based on Example 1, this embodiment has the following further improvements:

[0051] An airbag detection assembly 16 is also provided in the mounting plate 3. The airbag detection assembly 16 includes a first airbag 161, a second airbag 162, and a connecting pipe 163 connecting the first airbag 161 and the second airbag 162. In order to install the airbag detection assembly 16, a first cavity 164 is first opened in the mounting plate 3 and located on one side of the mounting groove 5. The first cavity 164 is in the shape of an elongated cylinder. The first airbag 161 is arranged in the first cavity 164, while the second airbag 162 is buried in the soil above the top plate 21. That is, space for the second airbag 162 is reserved in the soil above the top plate 21, and the second airbag 162 is buried in the soil and filled with soil around it. In the initial state, the second airbag 162 is filled with gas. In order to prevent gas from flowing back into the first airbag 161, a valve (not shown in the figure) can also be installed on the connecting pipe 163 during use. In the initial state, the valve is closed. The gas remains in the second airbag 162 , and only when the pressure in the second airbag 162 is too high, the valve opens and the gas enters the first airbag 161 .

[0052] During design and construction, the second airbag 162 was embedded in a reserved space within the soil. Therefore, if the soil above the tunnel experiences unstable flow, the reserved space may be breached. The soil then compresses the second airbag 162, increasing the pressure within it. This causes the valve to open, allowing gas to transfer to the first airbag 161. Due to the constraints of the inner wall of the first cavity 164, the first airbag 161 can only expand outward. Upon expansion, the first airbag 161 contacts the slider 7, pushing it forward. Because the two first airbags 161 push the sliders 7 in opposite directions, the distance between the distance sensor 41 and the detection plate 42 increases, triggering an alarm. During design, the second airbag 162 could be spherical, providing a large contact area, while the first airbag 161 could be cylindrical, allowing it to extend from the first cavity 164 and push the slider 7 forward. Therefore, even if the tunnel roof has not collapsed, an alarm will be triggered if the soil above the tunnel experiences abnormal flow, alerting maintenance personnel and vehicles.

[0053] In addition, the final result of the above-mentioned alarm method is the alarm by triggering the buzzer 45 and the warning light 44. In order to further increase the reminder mode, a warning sign 17 is also rotatably connected to one side of the mounting plate 3. The warning sign 17 is rotatably connected to one side of the mounting plate 3.

[0054] When the alarm is not triggered, the warning sign 17 is in the storage state, such as Figure 2 , what is displayed at this moment is the reverse side of the warning sign 17, and the words such as " stop " and " ban " can be written on the front side of the warning sign 17 (the side facing the main beam 1 at this moment).

[0055] As described above, one way to trigger the alarm is to move the support plate 10 downward. To facilitate storage of the display sign, a hook 171 is fixedly connected to one side of the warning sign 17. Furthermore, a locking plate 172 is fixedly connected to the push plate. The hook 171 and locking plate 172 are installed in opposite directions in an "L" shape, thereby locking the warning sign 17.

[0056] When the support plate 10 moves downward, the lock plate 172 also moves downward, disengaging from the hook 171. At this point, the warning sign 17 loses its secure position. To ensure that the warning sign 17 can be opened, a through-hole is provided in the sidewall of the mounting hole 8 near the warning sign 17. A push block 174 is slidably mounted within the through-hole, with a third spring 175 interposed between the push block 174 and the hole wall. In the open position, the push block 174 moves away from the warning sign 17. A wedge 173 is fixedly attached to the lock plate 172. One side of the wedge 173 and the push block 174 is configured as an inclined surface. Therefore, as the support plate 10 moves downward, the lock plate 172 first disengages from the hook 171. Then, the two inclined surfaces of the wedge 173 and push block 174 come into contact. As the wedge 173 moves downward, it pushes the push block 174 toward the side of the warning sign 17, pushing it open. This ensures that the warning sign 17 can be flipped 180 degrees, facing the direction of oncoming vehicles. The text on the warning sign 17 serves as a warning to the driver.

[0057] Since landslides can occur anywhere within a tunnel, when a landslide occurs in the middle of the tunnel, in addition to requiring emergency rescue, it is crucial to prevent vehicles from entering the tunnel, which could lead to more serious consequences. Therefore, in practice, multiple warning devices of this embodiment can be installed at regular intervals within the tunnel. If a landslide occurs somewhere in the middle of the tunnel, even the warning devices at the tunnel entrances and exits should be able to activate automatically.

[0058] In order to facilitate the active activation of the early warning, a motor 18 is fixedly installed on the mounting plate 3. A cam 19 is connected to one end of the motor 18. In addition, a pull plate 20 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support plate 10. The pull plate 20 is provided with an arc structure adapted to the cam 19. When the cam 19 rotates, it will drive the pull plate 20 to move downward, and the pull plate 20 will drive the support plate 10 to move downward, thereby triggering the alarm. The motor 18 is also electrically connected to the electric control box. That is, when an accident occurs in the middle of the tunnel, the early warning device at the landslide will issue an early warning. Even if the position displacement sensors and distance sensors 41 at the entrance and exit of the tunnel do not trigger the alarm, the motor 18 can actively trigger the alarm, thereby preventing subsequent vehicles from continuing to enter the tunnel and preventing the accident from further expanding. As for how the electric control cabinet 43 at the entrance and exit of the tunnel receives a signal and actively turns on the motor 18, this is a prior art.

[0059] The implementation principle of the tunnel entrance geological disaster early warning system in this application is:

[0060] (1): The top plate 21 is in direct contact with the building layer at the top of the tunnel. When a landslide occurs or the building layer at the top of the tunnel is damaged and falls, the top plate 21 will first move downward. The top plate 21 drives the pressure sensor 12 to move downward through the threaded telescopic cylinder 13. At this time, the value on the pressure sensor 12 increases, which can trigger the warning light 44 and the buzzer 45 to alarm. In addition, the support plate 10 will also move downward, and will drive the sliders 7 on both sides to continue to move along the spring rod 6 and move away from each other through the diagonal connecting rod 22. At this time, the distance between the distance sensor 41 and the detection plate 42 increases, which will also trigger the warning light 44 and the buzzer 45 to alarm, alerting nearby drivers. That is, both the pressure sensor 12 and the distance sensor 41 will trigger an alarm. Therefore, the combination of the two can avoid the problem of one of them being damaged and unable to issue an alarm in time in a complex environment.

[0061] (2): In addition to the warning light 44 and the buzzer 45 sounding an alarm, when the pallet 10 descends, the lock plate 172 and the hook 171 are disengaged, and at the same time the push plate pushes the warning sign 17 away, and the warning sign 17 opens. The warning sign 17 is written with words such as "Stop" and "Forbidden", which can further remind the driver to pay attention.

[0062] (3): Because the second airbag 162 is buried in the soil above the tunnel, and the second airbag 162 is filled with gas. When an earthquake, water seepage or other problems occur that cause the soil to flow, the soil squeezes the second airbag 162, and the pressure in the second airbag 162 increases. At this time, the valve opens and the gas is transferred to the first airbag 161. Due to the limitation of the inner wall of the first cavity 164, the first airbag 161 can only expand outward. After the first airbag 161 expands, it will contact the slider 7 and push the slider 7 to move. Repeating the above process, the movement of the slider 7 causes the distance sensor 41 to trigger a signal and issue an alarm. Therefore, when the building layer at the top of the tunnel has not been destroyed, that is, when the top plate 21 has not moved downward, due to the movement of the soil above the tunnel and signs of an accident, an alarm will also be issued to remind relevant personnel to inspect and maintain. Avoid larger accidents.

[0063] The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any non-substantial changes and replacements made by technicians in this field on the basis of the present invention fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel portal geological disaster early warning system, characterized in that: It includes a main beam, a support column is fixedly connected to the bottom of the main beam, and the main beam is also provided with: A mounting plate, the mounting plate being arranged below the main beam, and an early warning component being mounted on the mounting plate; A support plate, which is movably mounted inside the main beam, can move up and down, and is connected to the warning component; A top plate, the top plate is movably arranged above the main beam, the top plate is connected to the mounting plate, and a pressure sensor is provided between the top plate and the supporting plate; a threaded telescopic cylinder is provided above the pressure sensor and between the top plate, the upper end of the threaded telescopic cylinder is fixedly connected to the lower end surface of the top plate by a screw, and the lower end is sleeved on the pressure sensor, and the threaded telescopic cylinder is rotated to control its length so that the lower end of the pressure sensor is in contact with the supporting plate; An airbag detection component, which is arranged on one side of the mounting plate and can trigger an alarm of the early warning component; The early warning component includes a distance sensor and a detection plate. Two mounting grooves are provided on the mounting plate. Spring rods are fixedly installed in the two mounting grooves. Sliders are slidably installed on the spring rods. The distance sensor and the detection plate are respectively installed on one side of the two slides. The airbag detection assembly includes a first airbag, a second airbag, and a connecting pipe. A first cavity is defined inside the mounting plate and located at one end of the mounting groove. The first airbag is disposed in the first cavity. The second airbag is buried in the soil on the top plate. The first and second airbags are connected via the connecting pipe. The second airbag is filled with gas and a valve is installed on the connecting pipe. When the soil above the tunnel shows unstable flow, the soil squeezes the second airbag, the pressure in the second airbag increases, the valve opens, and the gas is transferred to the first airbag. After the first airbag expands, it will contact the slider and push the slider to move, pushing the two sliders in opposite directions. The distance between the distance sensor and the detection plate increases, thereby triggering an alarm.

2. The tunnel portal geological disaster early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The early warning component also includes a warning light and a buzzer. An electric control box is fixedly connected to the mounting plate. The distance sensor, warning light and buzzer are electrically connected to the electric control cabinet. The warning light and buzzer are installed at the bottom of the mounting plate.

3. The tunnel portal geological disaster early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A square mounting hole is provided in the middle of the main beam, and a guide column is fixedly connected to the side wall of the mounting hole. The support plate is sleeved on the outside of the guide column, and a second spring is sleeved on the outside of the guide column located below the support plate; an oblique connecting rod is also rotatably connected between the support plate and the slider, and the two ends of the oblique connecting rod are respectively rotatably connected to the lower bottom of the support plate and the slider.

4. The tunnel portal geological disaster early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A through hole is provided on the main beam, and a support shaft is provided between the top plate and the mounting plate. The upper end of the support shaft is fixedly connected to the top plate, passes through the main beam in the middle, and is fixedly connected to the mounting plate at the lower end. At the same time, a first spring is provided on the outer side of the support shaft located between the top plate and the main beam.

5. The tunnel portal geological disaster early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A warning sign is rotatably connected to one side of the mounting plate, a hook is fixedly connected to one side of the warning sign, and a lock plate corresponding to the hook is fixedly connected to the supporting plate.

6. The tunnel portal geological disaster early warning system according to claim 5, characterized in that: A wedge block is fixedly connected to one side of the lock plate, and a through hole is provided on the side wall of the main beam, in which a push block is slidably installed, and a third spring is provided between the push block and the through hole, and one side of the wedge block and the push block is set as an inclined surface.

7. The tunnel portal geological disaster early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A motor is installed on the mounting plate, one end of the motor is connected to a cam, and a pull plate is provided on one side of the cam, and the upper end of the pull plate is fixedly connected to the supporting plate.

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