Rocky slope ecological greening structure and method

Abstract

The application discloses a rock slope ecological green recovery structure and method, and belongs to the technical field of ecological restoration. The rock slope ecological green recovery structure comprises a plurality of first ecological rods, the first ecological rod comprises a filling pipe fixed vertically on a slope surface, the bottom end of the filling pipe is closed, the top end of the filling pipe is provided with a material outlet, the circumferential side of the filling pipe is provided with a plurality of sockets communicating with the inner cavity of the filling pipe, the filling pipe is filled with a coarse-grained layer, a fine-grained layer and an organic layer, the particle size of the particles in the coarse-grained layer is larger than the particle size of the particles in the fine-grained layer, and the organic layer comprises organic fertilizer; a plurality of second ecological rods are arranged parallel to the slope surface, any second ecological rod is inserted between the sockets of two adjacent filling pipes, the second ecological rod comprises an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer inner core and a slow-release film wrapped on the outer surface of the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer inner core; ecological concrete is arranged on the slope surface; and vegetation soil is arranged on the upper surface of the ecological concrete and comprises soil and plant seeds. The application has the advantages of high water-retaining capacity and long-term plant feeding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of rock slope greening protection, and in particular to a rock slope ecological greening structure and method. Background Art

[0002] Due to poor soil quality and water retention, rock slopes lack vegetation cover, resulting in severe soil erosion and a fragile ecological environment. Therefore, specific measures are needed for ecological restoration. However, traditional rock slope management measures still face challenges with water retention and insufficient long-term water supply, resulting in low survival rates for artificial vegetation and difficulties in establishing plant communities, making it difficult to effectively restore the ecological environment on rock slopes. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention proposes a rock slope ecological greening structure with strong water retention capacity and the ability to provide long-term support for plants.

[0004] The present invention also proposes a method for ecological restoration of rock slopes.

[0005] The rock slope ecological greening structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0006] A plurality of first eco-rods are evenly distributed on the slope surface, each of the first eco-rods comprising a filling tube fixed vertically to the slope surface, the bottom end of the filling tube being closed and the top end being provided with a material outlet, the peripheral side of the filling tube being provided with a plurality of sockets communicating with the inner cavity thereof, the filling tube being sequentially filled with a coarse-grained layer, a fine-grained layer, and an organic layer from bottom to top, the particle size of the particles in the coarse-grained layer being larger than the particle size of the particles in the fine-grained layer, and the organic layer comprising organic fertilizer;

[0007] A plurality of second eco-rods are arranged parallel to the slope surface, and any one of the second eco-rods is inserted between the sockets of two adjacent filling tubes, and the second eco-rods include an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer core and a slow-release film coated on the surface of the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer core;

[0008] Eco-concrete, which is applied to the slope surface and has pores that can accommodate plant roots;

[0009] Plant soil, provided on the upper surface of the eco-concrete, said plant soil comprising soil and plant seeds;

[0010] The filling pipe is partially located in the ecological concrete, the material outlet is located in the vegetation soil, and the second ecological rod is buried in the ecological concrete.

[0011] The rock slope ecological restoration structure according to the embodiment of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0012] The first eco-rod and the second eco-rod are combined to form a slope nutrient supply network that can better adapt to the slope terrain. The organic layer in the first eco-rod can provide nutrients for plants, and the fine-grained layer and coarse-grained layer in the first eco-rod can store water, effectively enhancing the water retention capacity of the slope, and in droughts, the stored water can be transported upward through the capillary action of the fine-grained layer for plant absorption; the second eco-rod can slowly release inorganic and organic nutrients through the slow-release membrane, and the plant roots can penetrate into the pores of the eco-concrete and absorb the nutrients released by the slow-release membrane. At the same time, the slow-release membrane can also release nutrients into the filling tube of the first eco-rod, and the nutrients released by the slow-release membrane are transported upward through the capillary action in the filling tube, which is more effective. It effectively helps plants absorb nutrients, promotes plant rooting and germination, and improves plant survival rate. Through the combination of the first ecological rod and the second ecological rod, long-term support for plants can be achieved. In addition, the setting of ecological concrete can not only be used to accommodate plant roots, but also fix the first ecological rod and the second ecological rod, thereby improving system stability. Ecological concrete also has certain slope protection and water storage functions, further enhancing the water retention capacity of the slope. And because the second ecological rod is buried in the ecological concrete and does not extend into the vegetation soil, it can effectively prevent rainwater from washing away the nutrients in the second ecological rod, so that the second ecological rod can release nutrients more sustainably and ensure long-term support capacity.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a flexible steel wire protection net is further included, which is fixed to the surface of the slope and located between the slope and the ecological concrete.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a first covering layer is further included. The first covering layer is a three-dimensional mesh. The first covering layer is provided on the upper surface of the ecological concrete and is located between the ecological concrete and the vegetation soil.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a second covering layer is further included, wherein the second covering layer is a non-woven fabric and is arranged on the upper surface of the vegetation soil.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the organic layer further comprises humic acid and composite biological bacteria, and the composite biological bacteria comprises at least two growth-promoting bacteria.

[0017] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a water-permeable layer is provided on the inner wall of the filling tube, and the coarse-grained layer, the fine-grained layer, and the organic layer are all located inside the water-permeable layer.

[0018] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the eco-concrete includes cement, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and water, the mass ratio of the cement, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and water is 1 to 5.45 to 1.81 to 0.47, and the particle size of the particles in the coarse aggregate is larger than the particle size of the particles in the fine aggregate.

[0019] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the phytosoil further comprises organic matter and soil ecological adhesive.

[0020] The method for ecological restoration of rock slopes according to the second embodiment of the present invention, based on the structure for ecological restoration of rock slopes according to the first embodiment, includes the following steps:

[0021] Slope surface preparation: Smooth the slope surface, remove loose soil and dangerous rocks, and clean the slope surface with a high-pressure water gun;

[0022] Installing the first eco-sticks: drilling holes corresponding to the number of the first eco-sticks at a set interval on the slope surface, and inserting the filling tubes into the drill holes;

[0023] Assembling the first eco-stick and the second eco-stick: driving an anchor hook into the slope surface, fixing the second eco-stick parallel to the slope surface with the anchor hook, and inserting the two ends of the second eco-stick into the sockets of the two adjacent filling tubes respectively to achieve the assembly connection between the second eco-stick and the first eco-stick;

[0024] Spraying the ecological concrete: spraying the ecological concrete on the slope surface so that the ecological concrete covers the second ecological rod and the material outlet of the filling pipe is exposed to the upper surface of the ecological concrete;

[0025] Spraying the vegetation soil: spraying the vegetation soil on the upper surface of the ecological concrete so that the vegetation soil covers the material outlet of the filling pipe.

[0026] According to some embodiments of the present invention, after the slope surface is prepared and before the first ecological stick is installed, a flexible steel wire protection net is fixedly laid on the slope surface using U-shaped anchors and steel ropes; after the ecological concrete is sprayed and before the vegetation soil is sprayed, a first covering layer is installed on the upper surface of the ecological concrete, and the first covering layer is a three-dimensional net; after the vegetation soil is sprayed, a second covering layer is laid on the upper surface of the vegetation soil, and the second covering layer is a non-woven fabric.

[0027] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description which follows, or may be learned by practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, in which:

[0029] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the rock slope ecological greening structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the installation structure of the first eco-stick and the second eco-stick according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A in the middle is an enlarged schematic diagram;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a first eco-stick according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the filling tube of the first eco-stick according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure Number:

[0035] First eco-rod 100, filling tube 110, material outlet 111, socket 112, coarse particle layer 120, fine particle layer 130, organic layer 140, permeable layer 150;

[0036] Second Eco Stick 200;

[0037] Eco-concrete 300;

[0038] Plant soil 400;

[0039] Flexible steel wire protective net 500;

[0040] a first covering layer 600;

[0041] a second covering layer 700;

[0042] Anchor hook 800. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended only to explain the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0044] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that descriptions involving orientation, such as the orientation or positional relationship indicated by up, down, etc., are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0045] In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" refers to more than two. The use of "first" or "second" is solely for the purpose of distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0046] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined, terms such as setting, installing, and connecting should be understood in a broad sense, and technicians in the relevant technical field can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific content of the technical solution.

[0047] Reference Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the rock slope ecological greening structure according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a first ecological rod 100, a second ecological rod 200, ecological concrete 300, and vegetation soil 400.

[0048] There are multiple first eco-sticks 100, and the multiple first eco-sticks 100 are evenly distributed on the slope surface. The first eco-stick 100 includes a filling tube 110, which is vertically fixed to the slope surface. The bottom end of the filling tube 110 is closed, and the top end of the filling tube 110 is provided with a material outlet 111. The peripheral side of the filling tube 110 is provided with multiple sockets 112 connected to its inner cavity. In this embodiment, the filling tube 110 is made of PVC material, and four sockets 112 are evenly provided on the peripheral side of the filling tube 110; in addition, the filling tube 110 is filled with a coarse-grained layer 120, a fine-grained layer 130 and an organic layer 140 from bottom to top, and the thickness of the coarse-grained layer 120, the fine-grained layer 130 and the organic layer 140 are consistent; the coarse-grained layer 120 and the fine-grained layer 130 can store water, and the coarse-grained layer 120 and the fine-grained layer 130 can store water. The particle size of the particles in the granular layer 120 is larger than the particle size of the particles in the fine particle layer 130. Among them, the coarse particle layer 120 is composed of solid waste with a particle size range of 5mm-15mm (solid waste is made of construction waste, slag, etc.). This can improve the utilization rate of solid waste, reduce carbon emissions in the process of slope ecological restoration, and reduce engineering costs and operating costs. The fine particle layer 130 is composed of clay with a particle size range of 0.002mm-0.075mm. The particle size of the coarse particle layer 120 is larger, so the pores are larger, which can store more rainwater, while the particle size of the fine particle layer 130 is smaller, so the pores are small and numerous, with strong capillary action, which can transport the water stored at the bottom of the filling pipe 110 upward; in addition, the organic layer 140 includes organic fertilizer, which can provide nutrients for plant growth.

[0049] A plurality of second ecological rods 200 are provided, and the second ecological rods 200 are provided parallel to the surface of the slope. Any second ecological rod 200 is inserted between the sockets 112 of two adjacent filling tubes 110. The second ecological rod 200 is also fixed to the slope by an anchor hook 800. In this embodiment, a plurality of first ecological rods 100 are distributed in a rectangular array, and a second ecological rod 200 is connected between every two laterally adjacent or longitudinally adjacent first ecological rods 100. A plurality of first ecological rods 100 and a plurality of second ecological rods 200 are spliced ​​and combined to form a structure similar to a rectangular grid; wherein, the second ecological rod 200 includes an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer inner core and a slow-release film coated on the outer surface of the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer inner core, and the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer inner core includes organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer The mass proportion of organic fertilizer in the core of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer is 40%-50%, and the mass proportion of inorganic fertilizer is 50%-60%. The organic fertilizer in the core of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer is made of a mixture of bagasse, sawdust, charcoal chips, mushroom residue, and composted straw. The inorganic fertilizer uses compound fertilizer or a combination of single chemical fertilizers. The weight percentage of effective ingredients of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in inorganic fertilizers is 10%-25%, 10%-18%, and 8%-20% respectively; the slow-release membrane is used to control the nutrient release rate, extend the effective period of fertilizer, reduce fertilizer loss, and maximize the utilization rate of fertilizer. Among them, the material of the slow-release membrane includes one or more oily resins such as alkyd resin, rosin, glyceride, urea-formaldehyde resin, and acrylic resin. It can be understood that since the second eco-stick 200 is inserted into the socket 112 of the filling tube 110 of the first eco-stick 100, the nutrients in the second eco-stick 200 can be slowly released into the filling tube 110 through the slow-release membrane and transported upward under the capillary action of the fine particle layer 130.

[0050] Eco-concrete 300 is placed on the slope surface and has pores that can accommodate plant roots. The filling tube 110 is partially located within the eco-concrete 300, and the second eco-rod 200 is embedded within the eco-concrete 300. This allows the eco-concrete 300 to secure the first and second eco-rods 100, 200, improving system stability. Eco-concrete 300 also provides a certain degree of slope protection. Clearly, the eco-concrete 300 has pores that can accommodate plant roots and also has a certain water storage function.

[0051] The vegetation soil 400 is arranged on the upper surface of the ecological concrete 300. The vegetation soil 400 includes soil and plant seeds. The vegetation soil 400 covers the material outlet 111 of the filling tube 110, that is, the material outlet 111 of the filling tube 110 is located in the vegetation soil 400. In this way, plants can absorb nutrients from the organic layer 140 in the filling tube 110 when growing.

[0052] The rock slope ecological greening structure of the embodiment of the present invention combines the first ecological rod 100 and the second ecological rod 200 to form a slope nutrient supply network that can better adapt to the slope terrain. The organic layer 140 in the first ecological rod 100 can provide nutrients for plants, and the fine-grained layer 130 and the coarse-grained layer 120 in the first ecological rod 100 can store water, effectively enhancing the water retention capacity of the slope, and in drought, the stored water can be transported upward through the capillary action of the fine-grained layer 130 for plant absorption; and the second ecological rod 200 can slowly release inorganic and organic nutrients through the slow-release membrane, and the plant roots can penetrate into the pores of the ecological concrete 300 and absorb the nutrients released by the slow-release membrane. At the same time, the slow-release membrane can also release nutrients into the filling tube 110 of the first ecological rod 100, and the nutrients released by the slow-release membrane are released by the capillary action in the filling tube 110. The released nutrients are transported upward, which helps plants absorb nutrients more effectively, promotes plant rooting and germination, and improves the survival rate of plants. Through the combination of the first ecological rod 100 and the second ecological rod 200, long-term nourishment for plants can be achieved; in addition, the setting of the ecological concrete 300 can not only be used to accommodate plant roots, but also play a fixing role for the first ecological rod 100 and the second ecological rod 200, thereby improving the stability of the system, and the ecological concrete 300 also has a certain slope protection and water storage function, further enhancing the water retention capacity of the slope; and because the second ecological rod 200 is buried in the ecological concrete 300 and does not extend into the vegetation soil 400, it can effectively prevent rainwater from washing away the nutrients in the second ecological rod 200, so that the second ecological rod 200 can release nutrients more sustainably and ensure long-term nourishment capacity.

[0053] Some feasible embodiments of the second eco-stick 200 are listed below:

[0054] First, the slow-release film of the second eco-stick 200 is made of a mixture of alkyd resin and rosin, and the organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer core are 50% by weight of organic fertilizer and 50% by weight of inorganic fertilizer, wherein the weight percentages of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium active ingredients in the inorganic fertilizer are 15%, 16%, and 12%, respectively;

[0055] Secondly, the slow-release membrane of the second eco-stick 200 is made of a mixture of alkyd resin and urea-formaldehyde resin. The organic fertilizer in the organic-inorganic composite fertilizer core accounts for 40% by weight, and the inorganic fertilizer accounts for 60% by weight. The weight percentages of the effective ingredients of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in the inorganic fertilizer are 20%, 14%, and 14%, respectively.

[0056] Third, the slow-release membrane of the second eco-stick 200 is made of a mixture of glycerol ester and urea-formaldehyde resin. The organic fertilizer in the organic-inorganic composite fertilizer core accounts for 45% by weight, and the inorganic fertilizer accounts for 55% by weight. The weight percentages of the effective ingredients of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in the inorganic fertilizer are 13%, 12%, and 18%, respectively.

[0057] The above optional component compositions and proportions are only three optional modes of the second eco-rod 200 and are not specific limitations. The actual component compositions and proportions can be determined according to the actual conditions of the slope to be regreened.

[0058] Reference Figure 1 As shown, it can be understood that the rock slope ecological restoration structure of the embodiment of the present invention further includes a flexible steel wire protection net 500, a first covering layer 600, and a second covering layer 700.

[0059] Among them, the flexible steel wire protection net 500 is fixed on the surface of the slope and is located between the slope and the ecological concrete 300. Specifically, the flexible steel wire protection net 500 is fixed to the surface of the slope by U-shaped anchors and steel ropes. It can better fit the surface of the slope, provide preliminary protection, and improve the adhesion ability of the ecological concrete 300 on the slope; the flexible steel wire protection net 500 is woven from high-strength anti-corrosion steel wire. The inscribed circle diameter of the diamond mesh of the flexible steel wire protection net 500 is 65mm, and the standard specifications of the mesh blocks are 30 / 20 / 10*3.5m. In actual applications, mesh blocks of appropriate specifications and quantity are selected according to the slope area and installed on the slope surface.

[0060] The first covering layer 600 is a three-dimensional mesh. It is placed on the upper surface of the eco-concrete 300, between the eco-concrete 300 and the vegetative soil 400. The first covering layer 600 is secured to the upper surface of the eco-concrete 300 using U-shaped anchors. This improves the integrity of the vegetative soil 400 on the slope, enhancing its erosion resistance and facilitating the integration of plant roots with the soil, promoting plant growth. Specifically, the three-dimensional mesh used in the first covering layer 600 is an extruded combination of a filamentary polypropylene geosynthetic material with high-strength steel wire ropes embedded within it, and a reinforced mesh mat.

[0061] The second covering layer 700 is a non-woven fabric and is arranged on the upper surface of the vegetation soil 400. By setting the second covering layer 700, the anti-scouring ability of the vegetation soil 400 can be enhanced, and it has the function of heat preservation and moisture retention, which is beneficial to the rooting and germination of plants.

[0062] In some embodiments of the present invention, the organic layer 140 in the filling tube 110 further includes humic acid and composite biological bacteria. The composite biological bacteria include at least two growth-promoting bacteria. By arranging humic acid in the organic layer 140, it is possible to achieve the effects of increasing fertilizer efficiency, improving soil, and stimulating crop growth. By arranging a variety of growth-promoting bacteria, it is possible to play a role in nitrogen fixation, phosphorus solubilization, potassium solubilization, improving soil structure, and enhancing plant stress resistance. Among them, the growth-promoting bacteria contained in the composite biological bacteria can be Bacillus agglomerans, Bacillus polymyxa and Bacillus, or Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus mycoides and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Of course, the above only lists two implementation methods, which is not a specific limitation on the composite biological bacteria. Other types of growth-promoting bacteria can also be selected according to the actual situation of the slope to be regreened.

[0063] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, it can be understood that the inner wall of the filling tube 110 is provided with a permeable layer 150, and the coarse particle layer 120, the fine particle layer 130, and the organic layer 140 are all located inside the permeable layer 150. By providing the permeable layer 150 and positioning the coarse particle layer 120, the fine particle layer 130, and the organic layer 140 inside the permeable layer 150, the materials in the coarse particle layer 120, the fine particle layer 130, and the organic layer 140 can be prevented from leaking out of the socket 112 on the side of the filling tube 110, thus playing a certain role in fixing the materials. At the same time, the permeable layer 150 also allows water and nutrients to pass through. In some specific embodiments, the permeable layer 150 is made of non-woven fabric and a three-dimensional mesh.

[0064] In some embodiments of the present invention, the eco-concrete 300 includes cement, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and water. The mass ratio of cement, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and water is 1 to 5.45 to 1.81 to 0.47. The particle size of the particles in the coarse aggregate is larger than the particle size of the particles in the fine aggregate. The cement grade is Po42.5. The coarse aggregate is made of solid waste such as construction waste and slag. The particle size range of the particles in the coarse aggregate is 9.5mm-19mm. The fine aggregate uses machine-made sand, and the fineness modulus of the machine-made sand is 2.8. Since the particle size of the coarse aggregate in the eco-concrete 300 is large and the mass proportion of the coarse aggregate is high, a higher porosity can be guaranteed to better accommodate the growth of plant roots and store water at the same time.

[0065] In some embodiments of the present invention, the phytosoil 400 also includes organic matter and soil ecological binders. The organic matter provides nutrients for plant growth, while the soil ecological binders enhance the soil's resistance to erosion. Organic matter includes mushroom residue, humic acid, sawdust, organic fertilizer, peat, and the like. Excluding plant seeds, the weight percentages of the various components in the phytosoil 400 are: soil (78%-85%), organic matter (10%-14%), and soil ecological binders (5%-8%).

[0066] Several feasible embodiments of the plant soil 400 are listed below:

[0067] First, the vegetative soil 400 contains seeds of tall fescue, ryegrass, Lespedeza, and Robinia pseudoacacia. Excluding the plant seeds, the mass proportions of the various components in the vegetative soil 400 are: soil 80%, organic matter 14%, and soil ecological adhesive 6%;

[0068] Secondly, the vegetative soil 400 contains seeds of alfalfa, bermudagrass, amorpha, magnolia, and rhus chinensis. Excluding the plant seeds, the mass proportions of the various components in the vegetative soil 400 are: soil 83%, organic matter 10%, and soil ecological adhesive 7%;

[0069] The above optional components and proportions of the vegetation soil 400 are only two optional methods of the embodiment of the present invention and are not specific limitations. The actual components and proportions of the vegetation soil 400 can be determined according to the actual situation of the slope to be regreened.

[0070] The present invention also proposes a method for ecological restoration of rock slopes. Based on the rock slope ecological restoration structure of the above embodiment, the method comprises the following steps:

[0071] S1. Slope surface preparation: Smooth the slope surface, remove loose soil and dangerous rocks on the slope surface, eliminate the risk of rockfall, and clean the slope surface with a high-pressure water gun;

[0072] S2. Laying flexible steel wire protection net 500: Use U-shaped anchors and steel wire ropes to securely lay the flexible steel wire protection net 500 on the slope surface. The flexible steel wire protection net 500 can better fit the slope surface, provide initial protection, and improve the adhesion of the eco-concrete 300 to the slope. The U-shaped anchors are hot-dip galvanized for corrosion protection, and have a length of 15 cm to 20 cm and a width of 4 cm to 5 cm.

[0073] S3. Installing the first eco-sticks 100: Drill holes corresponding to the number of first eco-sticks 100 at a predetermined interval on the slope surface, and insert filling tubes 110 into the drill holes. The drill holes are arranged in a rectangular array, with a hole spacing of 1.5 m to 2 m and a drilling depth of 15 cm to 25 cm. The filling tubes 110 are 20 cm to 40 cm long, and the socket 112 on the filling tubes 110 has a diameter of 5 cm.

[0074] S4. Assemble the first ecological stick 100 and the second ecological stick 200: Drive an anchor hook 800 into the slope surface, use the anchor hook 800 to fix the second ecological stick 200 parallel to the slope surface, and insert the two ends of the second ecological stick 200 into the sockets 112 of two adjacent filling tubes 110 to achieve the assembly and connection of the second ecological stick 200 and the first ecological stick 100; wherein, the diameter of the second ecological stick 200 is 5 cm and the length is 1.5 m-2 m. One second ecological stick 200 is connected between every two laterally adjacent or longitudinally adjacent first ecological sticks 100. The bending radius of the anchor hook 800 is 5 cm, and the length of the anchor hook 800 is 0.3 m-0.5 m. The exposed end of the anchor hook 800 is hot-dip galvanized for corrosion protection.

[0075] S5. Spraying eco-concrete 300: Spray the eco-concrete 300 on the slope surface, so that the eco-concrete 300 covers the second eco-rod 200 and the material outlet 111 of the filling tube 110 is exposed above the upper surface of the eco-concrete 300. After spraying, the eco-concrete 300, the flexible steel wire protection net 500, the first eco-rod 100, and the second eco-rod 200 form a whole. The spraying thickness of the eco-concrete 300 is 5 cm to 15 cm, which is determined according to the actual rock slope grade. The thickness of the eco-concrete 300 above the second eco-rod 200 is controlled within the range of 2 cm to 3 cm. The material outlet 111 of the first eco-rod 100 protrudes 1 cm to 2 cm from the upper surface of the eco-concrete 300.

[0076] S6. Installing the first covering layer 600: Installing the first covering layer 600 on the upper surface of the eco-concrete 300. The first covering layer 600 is a three-dimensional mesh. The first covering layer 600 improves the integrity of the slope vegetation soil 400, enhances its anti-scouring ability, and facilitates the integration of plant roots with the soil, thereby promoting plant growth.

[0077] S7. Spraying vegetation soil 400: Spraying vegetation soil 400 on the upper surface of the eco-concrete 300 so that the vegetation soil 400 covers the material outlet 111 of the filling pipe 110. After spraying, the vegetation soil 400 and the first covering layer 600 form a whole. The thickness of the vegetation soil 400 is 5 cm to 8 cm.

[0078] S8. Laying the second covering layer 700: Laying the second covering layer 700 on the upper surface of the vegetation soil 400. The second covering layer 700 is a non-woven fabric. By setting the second covering layer 700, the anti-scouring ability of the vegetation soil 400 can be enhanced, and it has the function of heat preservation and moisture retention, which is beneficial to the rooting and germination of plants.

[0079] The ecological restoration method for rock slopes of this embodiment combines the first ecological rod 100 and the second ecological rod 200 to form a slope nutrient supply network that can better adapt to the slope terrain. The organic layer 140 in the first ecological rod 100 can provide nutrients for plants, and the fine-grained layer 130 and the coarse-grained layer 120 in the first ecological rod 100 can store water, effectively enhancing the water retention capacity of the slope, and in droughts, the stored water can be transported upward through the capillary action of the fine-grained layer 130 for plant absorption; and the second ecological rod 200 can slowly release inorganic and organic nutrients through the slow-release membrane, and the plant roots can penetrate into the pores of the ecological concrete 300 and absorb the nutrients released by the slow-release membrane. At the same time, the slow-release membrane can also release nutrients into the filling tube 110 of the first ecological rod 100, and the slow-release membrane is released through the capillary action in the filling tube 110. The nutrients are transported upward, which helps plants absorb nutrients more effectively, promotes plant rooting and germination, and improves the survival rate of plants. Through the combination of the first ecological rod 100 and the second ecological rod 200, long-term nourishment of plants can be achieved; in addition, the setting of the ecological concrete 300 can not only be used to accommodate plant roots, but also fix the first ecological rod 100 and the second ecological rod 200, thereby improving the stability of the system, and the ecological concrete 300 also has a certain slope protection and water storage function, further enhancing the water retention capacity of the slope; and because the second ecological rod 200 is buried in the ecological concrete 300 and does not extend into the vegetation soil 400, it can effectively prevent rainwater from washing away the nutrients in the second ecological rod 200, so that the second ecological rod 200 can release nutrients more sustainably and ensure long-term nourishment capacity.

[0080] In the description of this specification, the reference terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" mean that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in any appropriate manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification.

[0081] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Various changes can be made within the scope of knowledge possessed by ordinary technicians in the relevant technical field without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rock slope ecological greening structure, characterized in that: include: Multiple first eco-rods are evenly distributed on the slope surface. The first eco-rods include a filling tube fixed vertically to the slope surface. The bottom end of the filling tube is closed and the top end is provided with a material outlet. The circumference of the filling tube is provided with multiple sockets connected to the inner cavity. The filling tube is filled with a coarse particle layer, a fine particle layer, and an organic layer from bottom to top. The particle size of the particles in the coarse particle layer is larger than the particle size of the particles in the fine particle layer. The organic layer includes organic fertilizer, humic acid, and composite biological bacteria. The composite biological bacteria are Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus mycoides, and Pseudomonas xanthogenes. The inner wall of the filling tube is provided with a permeable layer. The coarse particle layer, fine particle layer, and organic layer are all located inside the permeable layer. A plurality of second eco-rods are arranged parallel to the slope surface, and any second eco-rod is inserted between the sockets of two adjacent filling tubes. The second eco-rods include an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer core and a slow-release film coated on the surface of the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer core. The material of the slow-release film includes one or more of alkyd resin, rosin, glycerol ester, urea-formaldehyde resin, and acrylic resin. Eco-concrete is provided on the surface of the slope and has pores capable of accommodating plant roots; the eco-concrete comprises cement, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and water, wherein the mass ratio of the cement, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and water is 1: 5.45:1.81:0.47, the particle size of the particles in the coarse aggregate is larger than the particle size of the particles in the fine aggregate; Plant soil, provided on the upper surface of the eco-concrete, said plant soil comprising soil and plant seeds; The filling pipe is partially located in the ecological concrete, the material outlet is located in the vegetation soil, and the second ecological rod is buried in the ecological concrete.

2. The rock slope ecological restoration structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a flexible steel wire protection net, which is fixed to the surface of the slope and located between the slope and the ecological concrete.

3. The rock slope ecological restoration structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a first covering layer, which is a three-dimensional net. The first covering layer is arranged on the upper surface of the ecological concrete and is located between the ecological concrete and the vegetation soil.

4. The rock slope ecological greening structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a second covering layer, which is non-woven fabric and is arranged on the upper surface of the vegetation soil.

5. The rock slope ecological restoration structure according to claim 1 is characterized by: The phytosoil also includes organic matter and soil ecological adhesive.

6. A method for ecological restoration of rock slopes, based on the ecological restoration structure of rock slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps include: Slope surface preparation: Smooth the slope surface, remove loose soil and dangerous rocks, and clean the slope surface with a high-pressure water gun; Installing the first eco-sticks: drilling holes corresponding to the number of the first eco-sticks at a set interval on the slope surface, and inserting the filling tubes into the drill holes; Assembling the first eco-stick and the second eco-stick: driving an anchor hook into the slope surface, fixing the second eco-stick parallel to the slope surface with the anchor hook, and inserting the two ends of the second eco-stick into the sockets of the two adjacent filling tubes respectively to achieve the assembly connection between the second eco-stick and the first eco-stick; Spraying the ecological concrete: spraying the ecological concrete on the slope surface so that the ecological concrete covers the second ecological rod and the material outlet of the filling pipe is exposed to the upper surface of the ecological concrete; Spraying the vegetation soil: spraying the vegetation soil on the upper surface of the ecological concrete so that the vegetation soil covers the material outlet of the filling pipe.

7. The method for ecological restoration of rock slopes according to claim 6, characterized in that: After tidying up the slope surface and before installing the first eco-stick, a flexible steel wire protection net is fixedly laid on the slope surface using U-shaped anchors and steel ropes; after spraying the eco-concrete and before spraying the vegetation soil, a first covering layer is installed on the upper surface of the eco-concrete, and the first covering layer is a three-dimensional net; after spraying the vegetation soil, a second covering layer is laid on the upper surface of the vegetation soil, and the second covering layer is a non-woven fabric.

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