Tubular reactor system and control method

Abstract

This application provides a tubular reactor system and control method. The tubular reactor system includes: a reactor, comprising a reaction tube, a reaction chamber formed by the tube walls, and an inlet and an outlet connecting the reaction chamber. The reactor is used to heat the medium within the reaction chamber. A first branch is connected to the inlet and used to supply a test medium to the reaction chamber; a second branch is connected to the inlet and used to supply a preheating medium to the reaction chamber. A first valve is provided between the inlet and the first and second branches, and the first valve is used to switch between connecting the inlet to the first branch or the second branch. Firstly, a preheating medium is supplied to the reaction chamber, and the reaction tube heats the preheating medium. Part of the heat generated during this process is transferred to the reactor. Subsequently, the test medium is introduced into the reaction chamber for heating and testing. This reduces the heat absorbed by the reactor during the test, shortens the thermal equilibrium time of the formal experiment, and helps improve the accuracy of the test data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of tubular reactor equipment technology, and in particular to a tubular reactor system and control method. Background Technology

[0002] Coking processes in high-temperature, high-pressure fluids are widespread in aerospace, energy, and chemical industries. Typical examples include the coking of supercritical pressure hydrocarbon fuels at high temperatures in regenerative cooling technology, and the production of coke during the preparation of cracked gas in petrochemical processes. Coke adheres to the inner surface of channels, affecting flow and heat transfer characteristics, and in severe cases, even blocking passages and causing equipment failure. Studying the impact of coking in high-temperature, high-pressure fluids on heat exchange is a crucial foundation for predicting equipment performance and designing systems.

[0003] The experimental measurement error of tubular reactor systems in related technologies is relatively large, and there is an urgent need for a tubular reactor system that can accurately measure the impact of coking on heat exchange. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a tubular reactor system and control method, aiming to improve the accuracy of test data for the tubular reactor system.

[0005] An embodiment of the first aspect of this application provides a tubular reactor system, comprising: a reactor including a reaction tube, a reaction chamber formed by the tube walls of the reaction tube, and an inlet end and an outlet end communicating with the reaction chamber, the reactor being used to heat a medium within the reaction chamber; a first branch communicating with the inlet end and used to deliver a test medium to the reaction chamber; and a second branch communicating with the inlet end and used to deliver a preheating medium to the reaction chamber; wherein a first valve is provided between the inlet end and the first branch and the second branch, the first valve being used to switch between the inlet end communicating with the first branch or the second branch.

[0006] According to an embodiment of this application, the first valve includes a first valve port, a second valve port, and a third valve port. The first valve port is connected to a first branch, the second valve port is connected to a second branch, and the third valve port is connected to an inlet end. The first valve is used to switch between the third valve port being connected to the first valve port or the second valve port.

[0007] According to the embodiments of this application, a first branch is provided with a first check valve, which is located on the side of the first valve away from the inlet end. The first check valve is used to prevent the medium from flowing back into the first branch in the direction away from the inlet end of the first valve. And / or, a second branch is provided with a second check valve, which is located on the side of the first valve away from the inlet end of the first valve. The second check valve is used to prevent the medium from flowing back into the second branch in the direction away from the inlet end of the first valve.

[0008] According to embodiments of this application, the tubular reactor system further includes a preheating mechanism disposed between the third valve port and the inlet end.

[0009] According to embodiments of this application, the tubular reactor system further includes a differential pressure sensor connected to the inlet and outlet.

[0010] According to the embodiments of this application, the tube wall of the reaction tube includes an inner wall and an outer wall, and the tubular reactor system further includes a first temperature sensor connected to the outer wall for detecting the temperature of the outer wall.

[0011] According to an embodiment of this application, a back pressure valve is provided on the side of the outlet that is away from the reaction chamber.

[0012] According to an embodiment of this application, the second branch is also provided with a pressure reducing valve.

[0013] According to an embodiment of this application, the second branch is further provided with a preheating medium storage tank, and a pressure reducing valve is located between the preheating medium storage tank and the reactor.

[0014] A second aspect of this application provides a control method for a tubular reactor system, used to control the tubular reactor system in any of the embodiments of the first aspect described above. The control method includes:

[0015] Connect the second branch to the inlet to introduce a preheating medium into the reaction chamber;

[0016] The reactor is preheated by heating the preheating medium in the reaction chamber.

[0017] Disconnect the second branch from the inlet and connect the first branch to the inlet to introduce the test medium into the reaction chamber;

[0018] The reactor heats the test medium inside the reaction chamber.

[0019] According to embodiments of this application, the tubular reactor system further includes a differential pressure sensor connected to the inlet and outlet ends; the step of heating the test medium within the reactor reaction chamber includes:

[0020] The differential pressure sensor detects the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet. Once the pressure difference stabilizes, the reactor heating power is adjusted to the rated power to heat the test medium.

[0021] According to an embodiment of this application, the tubular reactor system further includes a first temperature sensor, the tube wall includes an inner wall and an outer wall, and the first temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the outer wall; the step of disconnecting the second branch from the inlet end and connecting the first branch to the inlet end to introduce the test medium into the reaction chamber includes: having the first temperature sensor detect the temperature of the outer wall, and when the difference between the outer wall temperature and the test temperature is less than a preset temperature value, disconnecting the second branch from the inlet end and connecting the first branch to the inlet end to introduce the test medium into the reaction chamber.

[0022] In the embodiments of this application, the first branch is used to deliver the test medium to the reaction chamber through the inlet end, and the second branch is used to deliver the preheating medium to the reaction chamber through the inlet end. The reactor can heat the test medium or preheating medium delivered to the reaction chamber. Heating the test medium in the reaction tube can be used to conduct tests such as heat exchange or coking characteristics of the test medium within the tube. Before delivering the test medium to the reaction chamber for testing, a preheating medium can be delivered to the reaction chamber, and the reaction tube heats the preheating medium. During this process, some of the heat generated is transferred to the reactor. The first valve switches the inlet end from the second branch to the first branch, allowing the test medium to be introduced into the reaction chamber for heating testing. The tubular reactor system in this embodiment can reduce the heat absorbed by the reactor when heating the test medium, shorten the thermal equilibrium time of the formal experiment, and help improve the accuracy of the test data. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Other features, objects, and advantages of this application will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar features.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a tubular reactor system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a reactor and heat exchanger provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of a control method for a tubular reactor system provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0027] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 100, reactor; 101, inner wall; 102, outer wall; 110, reaction chamber; 120, inlet end; 130, outlet end; 140, first temperature sensor; 150, second temperature sensor; 160, power supply; 170, electrode; 200, first branch; 201, first shut-off valve; 210, first check valve; 220, first oil tank; 230, first filter; 240, plunger pump; 250, pressure regulator; 260, first flow meter; 300, second branch; 301, second shut-off valve; 310, second check valve; 320, preheating medium storage tank; 400, first valve; 410, first valve port; 420, second valve port; 430. Third valve port; 510, preheating mechanism; 520, differential pressure sensor; 530, back pressure valve; 540, pressure reducing valve; 550, mixing mechanism; 560, heat exchanger; 561, cooling section; 562, heat exchange section; 570, second filter; 580, gas-liquid separator; 581, gas phase outlet; 582, liquid phase outlet; 600, third branch; 601, third shut-off valve; 602, fourth shut-off valve; 610, second flow meter; 620, gas chromatograph; 630, gas collection end; 640, third filter; 650, second valve; 700, fourth branch; 701, fifth shut-off valve; 702, sixth shut-off valve; 710, liquid phase sampling end; 720, second oil tank. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The features and exemplary embodiments of various aspects of this application will now be described in detail. Numerous specific details are set forth in the following detailed description to provide a comprehensive understanding of this application. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this application can be implemented without requiring some of these specific details. The following description of embodiments is merely intended to provide a better understanding of this application by illustrating examples. In the accompanying drawings and the following description, at least some well-known structures and techniques are not shown to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the application; and, for clarity, the dimensions of some structures may be exaggerated. Furthermore, the features, structures, or characteristics described below can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.

[0029] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on this application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0030] The directional terms appearing in the following description refer to the directions shown in the figures and are not intended to limit the specific structure of the embodiments of this application. It should also be noted in the description of this application that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0031] In related technologies, using heated tubular reactors to study the heat transfer or coking characteristics of high-temperature and high-pressure fluids inside the tubes is a common experimental method. However, when studying the effect of coking on heat transfer in high-temperature and high-pressure fluids, due to the large heat capacity of the reactor, the experimental system needs a long time to reach thermal equilibrium. During this period, coke has already been generated and deposited on the inner wall of the reactor tubes, introducing errors into the experimental measurements.

[0032] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a first aspect of this application provides a tubular reactor system, including: a reactor 100 and a first branch 200 and a second branch 300 connecting the reactor 100. The reactor 100 includes a reaction tube, a reaction chamber 110 formed by the tube walls of the reaction tube, and an inlet end 120 and an outlet end 130 communicating with the reaction chamber 110. The reactor 100 is used to heat the medium in the reaction chamber 110. The first branch 200 is connected to the inlet end 120 and is used to deliver a test medium to the reaction chamber 110. The second branch 300 is connected to the inlet end 120 and is used to deliver a preheated medium to the reaction chamber 110. A first valve 400 is provided between the inlet end 120 and the first branch 200 and the second branch 300. The first valve 400 is used to switch between the inlet end 120 communicating with the first branch 200 or the second branch 300.

[0033] In this embodiment, the first branch 200 is used to supply the test medium to the reaction chamber 110 through the inlet 120, and the second branch 300 is used to supply the preheating medium to the reaction chamber 110 through the inlet 120. The reactor 100 can heat the test medium or preheating medium supplied to the reaction chamber 110. Heating the test medium in the reaction tube can be used to conduct tests such as heat exchange or coking characteristics of the test medium within the tube. Before supplying the test medium to the reaction chamber 110 for testing, a preheating medium can be supplied to the reaction chamber 110, and the reaction tube heats the preheating medium. During this process, some of the heat generated is transferred to the reactor 100. The first valve 400 switches the connection of the inlet 120 to the second branch 300 and then to the first branch 200, allowing the test medium to be introduced into the reaction chamber 110 for heating testing. The tubular reactor system in this embodiment can reduce the heat absorbed by the reactor 100 when heating the test medium, shorten the thermal equilibrium time of the formal experiment, and improve the accuracy of the test data.

[0034] Optionally, the preheating medium is an inert medium to reduce the impact of the preheating stage on the surface properties of the inner wall 101 of the reactor 100. Specifically, the inert medium is an inert gas medium, such as nitrogen, argon, or helium. When the inert gas medium is discharged from the reaction chamber 110, it can reduce the amount of residue in the reaction chamber 110, thereby reducing the doping of the preheating medium into the test medium and improving the accuracy of the test data.

[0035] Optional, such as Figure 2 As shown, reactor 100 can be an electrically heated tubular reactor. Electrode 170 is provided between inlet end 120 and outlet end 130. The medium in reaction chamber 110 is heated by electrically connecting electrode 170 to power supply 160. The heating state of the preheating medium or test medium can be adjusted by adjusting the output voltage of power supply 160.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, in some optional embodiments, the first valve 400 includes a first valve port 410, a second valve port 420 and a third valve port 430. The first valve port 410 is connected to the first branch 200, the second valve port 420 is connected to the second branch 300, and the third valve port 430 is connected to the inlet end 120. The first valve 400 is used to switch between the third valve port 430 being connected to the first valve port 410 or the second valve port 420.

[0037] In these optional embodiments, when the third valve port 430 is connected to the first valve port 410, the inlet end 120 can be connected to the first branch 200 to introduce the test medium into the reaction chamber 110. When the third valve port is connected to the second valve port 420, the inlet end 120 can be connected to the second branch 300 to introduce the preheating medium into the reaction chamber 110, thereby enabling the inlet end 120 to switch between being connected to the first branch 200 or the second branch 300.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, in some optional embodiments, the first branch 200 is provided with a first check valve 210. The first check valve 210 is located on the side of the first valve 400 away from the inlet end 120. The first check valve 210 is used to prevent the medium from flowing back into the first branch 200 in the direction away from the inlet end 120 of the first valve 400.

[0039] In these alternative embodiments, the first one-way valve 210 can reduce the backflow of the test medium into the first branch 200 in the direction away from the inlet end 120, and reduce the inflow of the preheating medium into the first branch 200 when the first valve 400 switches between the inlet end 120 connecting the first branch 200 and the second branch 300.

[0040] Optional, such as Figure 1 As shown, the first branch 200 is equipped with a first shut-off valve 201, which is located on the side of the second check valve 310 away from the first valve 400.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, in some optional embodiments, the second branch 300 is provided with a second check valve 310. The second check valve 310 is located on the side of the first valve 400 away from the inlet end 120. The second check valve 310 is used to prevent the medium from flowing back into the second branch 300 in the direction away from the inlet end 120 of the first valve 400.

[0042] In these alternative embodiments, the second check valve 310 can reduce the backflow of preheating medium into the second branch 300 in the direction away from the inlet end 120, and reduce the flow of test medium into the second branch 300 when the first valve 400 switches between the inlet end 120 connecting the first branch 200 and the second branch 300.

[0043] Optional, such as Figure 1 As shown, the second branch 300 is equipped with a second shut-off valve 301, which is located on the side of the second check valve 310 away from the first valve 400.

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, in some optional embodiments, the tubular reactor system further includes a preheating mechanism 510 disposed between the third valve port 430 and the inlet end 120.

[0045] In these optional embodiments, the preheating mechanism 510 can heat the preheating medium and the test medium to increase their temperatures. The preheating mechanism 510 heats the preheating medium to initially raise its temperature, thereby reducing the preheating time of the preheating medium on the reactor 100. The preheating mechanism 510 heats the test medium to initially raise its temperature, thereby enabling control over the temperature of the test medium entering the reaction chamber 110 to meet more experimental requirements.

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, in some optional embodiments, a mixing mechanism 550 is provided between the preset structure and the reactor 100.

[0047] In these optional embodiments, when the preheating mechanism 510 heats the preheating medium, the temperature field of the preheating medium is uneven. The turbulence-disrupting component within the mixing mechanism 550 agitates the preheating medium, making its temperature more uniform. This facilitates temperature detection of the preheating medium passing through inlet 120, improving the accuracy of temperature detection at inlet 120. Similarly, when the preheating mechanism 510 heats the test medium, the temperature field of the test medium is uneven. The turbulence-disrupting component within the mixing mechanism 550 agitates the test medium, making its temperature more uniform. This facilitates temperature detection of the test medium passing through inlet 120, improving the accuracy of temperature detection at inlet 120.

[0048] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in some optional embodiments, the tubular reactor system also includes a differential pressure sensor 520, which is connected to the inlet 120 and the outlet 130.

[0049] In these optional embodiments, a pressure sensor is used to detect the pressure values ​​at the inlet 120 and the outlet 130. When the inlet 120 is switched from being connected to the second branch 300 to being connected to the first branch 200 via the first valve 400, the test medium enters the reaction chamber 110 through the inlet 120, and the preheating medium is discharged from the outlet 130 of the reaction chamber 110. During this process, the pressure difference between the inlet 120 and the outlet 130 of the reactor 100 changes. After it stabilizes again, it indicates that the switching between the preheating medium and the test medium in the reaction chamber 110 is complete. Then, the heating power of the reactor 100 is increased to the rated power under operating conditions to ensure that the reactor 100 does not overheat and quickly reaches thermal equilibrium, thereby improving the accuracy of the test. Since the preheating medium is gas and the test medium is liquid, when the test medium enters the containment cavity from the inlet 120, it squeezes the preheating medium, causing the preheating medium to be discharged from the outlet 130. The pressure difference between the inlet 120 and the outlet 130 changes continuously. When the outlet 130 is filled with liquid medium, the pressure difference between the inlet 120 and the outlet 130 remains stable, indicating that the switching between the preheating medium and the test medium in the reaction chamber 110 is complete.

[0050] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in some optional embodiments, the tube wall of the reaction tube includes an inner wall 101 and an outer wall 102. The tubular reactor system also includes a first temperature sensor 140, which is connected to the outer wall 102 for detecting the temperature of the outer wall 102.

[0051] In these alternative embodiments, a first temperature sensor 140 detects the temperature of the outer wall 102 of the reactor 100 to measure the effect of coking of the test medium in the reaction chamber 110 on heat transfer.

[0052] like Figure 1 As shown, in some optional embodiments, a back pressure valve 530 is provided on the side of the outlet end 130 away from the reaction chamber 110.

[0053] In these optional embodiments, the back pressure valve 530 can rapidly increase the preheating medium pressure to the rated value, ensuring that the preheating medium pressure is comparable to the experimental operating pressure. Furthermore, during the switching of the preheating medium to the test medium, the back pressure valve 530 can rapidly increase the pressure of the test medium to the experimental operating pressure value, thereby improving the accuracy of the test.

[0054] Optional, such as Figure 1 As shown, the second branch 300 is also equipped with a pressure reducing valve 540, which can improve the pressure stability and flow rate of the preheating medium and ensure that the flow rate of the preheating medium is within a reasonable range.

[0055] like Figure 1 As shown, in some optional embodiments, the second branch 300 is also provided with a preheating medium storage tank 320, and the pressure reducing valve 540 is located between the preheating medium storage tank 320 and the reactor 100.

[0056] In these alternative embodiments, a preheating medium storage tank 320 is used to store the preheating medium, and a pressure reducing valve 540 is disposed between the preheating medium storage tank 320 and the reactor 100, thereby making the flow rate and pressure of the preheating medium flowing from the preheating medium storage tank 320 into the reaction chamber 110 more stable.

[0057] Optional, such as Figure 1 As shown, the first branch 200 also includes a first oil tank 220, a first filter 230, a plunger pump 240, a pressure regulator 250, and a first flow meter 260. The first oil tank 220 is used to store the test medium. The plunger pump 240 draws the test medium from the first oil tank 220 and directs it to the reactor 100. The first flow meter 260 is used to detect the flow rate of the test medium to the reactor 100. The first filter 230 can filter impurities in the test medium, reducing the impact of impurities entering the reaction chamber 110 on the test data.

[0058] Optional, such as Figure 1 As shown, the first oil tank 220, the first filter 230, the plunger pump 240, the pressure regulator 250, and the first flow meter 260 are arranged sequentially towards the inlet end 120.

[0059] Optional, such as Figure 1 As shown, a second temperature sensor 150 is provided at the inlet end 120 and the outlet end 130 to detect the medium temperature at the inlet end 120 and the outlet end 130.

[0060] Optional, such as Figure 1 As shown, a heat exchanger 560 and a second filter 570 are provided between the outlet end 130 and the back pressure valve 530. The heat exchanger 560 is used to absorb heat from the preheating medium and the test medium to reduce their temperature, facilitating subsequent sampling and collection. The second filter 570 is located on the side of the heat exchanger 560 away from the outlet end 130 to further filter impurities in the preheating medium and the test medium. The heat exchanger 560 includes a cooling section 561 connected to the outlet end 130 and a heat exchange section 562 sleeved outside the cooling section 561. The preheating medium and the test medium enter the cooling section 561 through the outlet end 130. Cooling medium flows within the heat exchange section 562, and the flow direction of the cooling medium is opposite to that of the preheating medium and the test medium.

[0061] Optional, such as Figure 1 As shown, a gas-liquid separator 580 is provided on the side of the back pressure valve 530 away from the outlet end 130. The gas-liquid separator 580 includes a gas phase outlet 581 and a liquid phase outlet 582. The gas phase outlet 581 is connected to a third branch 600, which is used to collect gas in the preheating medium and the test medium. The liquid phase outlet 582 is connected to a fourth branch 700, which is used to collect liquid in the preheating medium and the test medium.

[0062] Optional, such as Figure 1 As shown, the third branch 600 is equipped with a second flow meter 610 and a gas chromatograph 620. The gas chromatograph 620 is used to detect the gas in the preheating medium and the test medium flowing from the outlet 130 to the third branch 600. The reaction progress can be obtained based on the gas composition information, and then the heat of reaction can be obtained.

[0063] Optional, such as Figure 1 As shown, the third branch 600 is also provided with a gas collection end 630 to collect the gas in the preheating medium and the test medium.

[0064] Optional, such as Figure 1As shown, the third branch 600 also includes a third filter 640, which is disposed on the side of the second flow meter 610 away from the gas phase outlet 581, and is used to filter the gas.

[0065] Optional, such as Figure 1 As shown, the third branch 600 also includes a second valve 650, located between the gas phase outlet 581, the gas collection end 630, and the gas chromatograph 620. The second valve 650 is used to switch between connecting the gas phase outlet 581 to the gas collection end 630 and the gas chromatograph 620. Optionally, a third shut-off valve 601 is provided between the gas collection end 630 and the second valve 650, used to connect or disconnect the gas collection end 630 from the second valve 650. Optionally, a fourth shut-off valve 602 is provided between the gas chromatograph 620 and the second valve 650, used to connect or disconnect the gas chromatograph 620 from the second valve 650.

[0066] Optional, such as Figure 1 As shown, the fourth branch 700 is equipped with a liquid phase sampling end 710 and a second oil tank 720. The second oil tank 720 collects the liquid in the test medium, and the liquid phase sampling end 710 is used to sample the liquid in the test medium.

[0067] Optional, such as Figure 1 As shown, a fifth shut-off valve 701 is provided between the liquid phase sampling end 710 and the gas-liquid separator 580. The fifth shut-off valve 701 is used to connect or disconnect the liquid phase sampling end 710 from the gas-liquid separator 580.

[0068] Optional, such as Figure 1 As shown, a sixth shut-off valve 702 is provided between the second oil tank 720 and the gas-liquid separator 580. The sixth shut-off valve 702 is used to connect or disconnect the second oil tank 720 and the gas-liquid separator 580.

[0069] A second aspect of this application provides a control method for a tubular reactor system, used to control the tubular reactor system in any of the embodiments of the first aspect described above, such as... Figure 3 As shown and please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The control methods include:

[0070] Step S01: Connect the second branch 300 to the inlet end 120 to introduce a preheating medium into the reaction chamber 110.

[0071] Step S02: The reactor 100 is heated by the preheating medium in the reaction chamber 110 to preheat the reactor 100.

[0072] Step S03: Disconnect the second branch 300 from the inlet 120 and connect the first branch 200 to the inlet 120 to introduce the test medium into the reaction chamber 110.

[0073] Step S04: Reactor 100 heats the test medium in reaction chamber 110.

[0074] In this embodiment, the reaction tube heating test medium can be used to conduct tests such as heat exchange or coking characteristics of the test medium within the tube. Before supplying the test medium to the reaction chamber 110 for testing, a preheating medium is supplied to the reaction chamber 110, and the reaction tube heats the preheating medium. Part of the heat generated during this process is transferred to the reactor 100. The inlet end 120 is switched from being connected to the second branch 300 to being connected to the first branch 200, and the test medium is then introduced into the reaction chamber 110 for heating testing. The tubular reactor system in this embodiment can reduce the heat absorbed by the reactor 100 during the heating test of the test medium, shorten the thermal equilibrium time of the formal experiment, and improve the accuracy of the test data.

[0075] In some optional embodiments, the tubular reactor system further includes a differential pressure sensor 520, which is connected to the inlet end 120 and the outlet end 130; step S04 includes:

[0076] The differential pressure sensor 520 is used to detect the pressure difference between the inlet end 120 and the outlet end 130. Once the pressure difference stabilizes, the heating power of the reactor 100 is adjusted to the rated power to heat the test medium.

[0077] In these optional embodiments, when the inlet 120 is switched from being connected to the second branch 300 to being connected to the first branch 200, the test medium enters the reaction chamber 110 through the inlet 120, and the preheating medium is discharged from the outlet 130 of the reaction chamber 110. During this process, the pressure difference between the inlet 120 and the outlet 130 of the reactor 100 changes. After it reaches stability again, it means that the preheating medium and the test medium in the reaction chamber 110 have been switched. Then, the heating power of the reactor 100 is increased to the rated power under operating conditions to ensure that the reactor 100 does not overheat and quickly reaches thermal equilibrium, so as to improve the accuracy of the test.

[0078] Optionally, the switching between the preheating medium and the test medium in the reaction chamber 110 is considered complete when the following relationship is satisfied:

[0079]

[0080] Among them, △p t Let Δp be the pressure difference between the inlet (120°C) and outlet (130°C) at time t. t-10sThe pressure difference between the inlet end 120 and the outlet end 130 is 10 seconds before time t. If the relative change in the pressure difference within 10 seconds does not exceed 2%, it is considered that the test medium fills the reactor 100 at time t, and the heating power is increased to the rated power under operating conditions.

[0081] In some alternative embodiments, the tubular reactor system further includes a first temperature sensor 140, the tube wall including an inner wall 101 and an outer wall 102, the first temperature sensor 140 being used to detect the temperature of the outer wall 102;

[0082] In step S03, the following steps are included: the first temperature sensor 140 detects the temperature of the outer wall 102. When the difference between the temperature of the outer wall 102 and the experimental temperature is less than a preset temperature value, the second branch 300 is disconnected from the inlet 120, and the first branch 200 is connected to the inlet 120 to introduce the experimental medium into the reaction chamber 110.

[0083] In these alternative embodiments, when the preheating medium is heated, the reactor 100 absorbs the temperature of the preheating medium, causing the temperature of the outer wall 102 to rise. The first temperature sensor 140 detects that the difference between the temperature value of the outer wall 102 and the experimental temperature is less than a preset temperature value. The first branch 200 is then connected to the inlet 120 to introduce the test medium. This reduces the time required to heat the reactor 100 to the experimental temperature, thereby improving the accuracy of the test data.

[0084] Optionally, the preset temperature value can be less than 20 degrees. When the difference between the temperature of the outer wall 102 and the experimental temperature is less than 20 degrees, after maintaining this temperature for a certain period of time, the first branch 200 is switched to connect with the inlet 120 to introduce the test medium.

[0085] Although this application has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, various modifications can be made thereto and components can be replaced with equivalents without departing from the scope of this application. In particular, the technical features mentioned in the various embodiments can be combined in any manner, provided there is no structural conflict. This application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A tubular reactor apparatus, characterized in that, include: A reactor includes a reaction tube, a reaction chamber formed by the tube wall of the reaction tube, and an inlet end and an outlet end communicating with the reaction chamber. The reactor is used to heat the medium in the reaction chamber. The first branch is connected to the inlet end and is used to deliver the test medium to the reaction chamber; The second branch is connected to the inlet end and is used to deliver a preheating medium to the reaction chamber, wherein the preheating medium is an inert medium; A first valve is provided between the inlet end and the first branch and the second branch. The first valve is used to switch between connecting the inlet end to the first branch or the second branch. The reaction tube wall includes an inner wall and an outer wall. The tubular reactor device also includes a first temperature sensor connected to the outer wall for detecting the temperature of the outer wall, thereby measuring the effect of coking of the test medium in the reaction chamber on heat transfer. A back pressure valve is provided on the side of the outlet opposite to the reaction chamber. A gas-liquid separator is provided on the side of the back pressure valve opposite to the outlet. The gas-liquid separator includes a gas phase outlet and a liquid phase outlet. The gas phase outlet is connected to a third branch for collecting the gas in the preheating medium and the test medium. The liquid phase outlet is connected to a fourth branch for collecting the liquid in the preheating medium and the test medium. A gas chromatograph is provided on the third branch.

2. The tubular reactor apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first valve includes a first valve port, a second valve port, and a third valve port. The first valve port is connected to the first branch, the second valve port is connected to the second branch, and the third valve port is connected to the inlet end. The first valve is used to switch between the third valve port being connected to the first valve port or the second valve port.

3. The tubular reactor apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first branch is provided with a first check valve, which is located on the side of the first valve away from the inlet end. The first check valve is used to prevent the medium from flowing back into the first branch in the direction away from the inlet end of the first valve. And / or, the second branch is provided with a second check valve, which is located on the side of the first valve away from the inlet end of the first valve. The second check valve is used to prevent the medium from flowing back into the second branch in the direction away from the inlet end of the first valve.

4. The tubular reactor apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The tubular reactor device further includes a preheating mechanism, which is disposed between the third valve port and the inlet end.

5. The tubular reactor apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tubular reactor device also includes a differential pressure sensor, which is connected to the inlet and the outlet.

6. The tubular reactor apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second branch is also equipped with a pressure reducing valve.

7. The tubular reactor apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that, The second branch is also equipped with a preheating medium storage tank, and the pressure reducing valve is located between the preheating medium storage tank and the reactor.

8. A control method for a tubular reactor system, characterized in that, The control method for controlling the tubular reactor apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the control method comprising: Connect the second branch to the inlet end to introduce a preheating medium into the reaction chamber; The reactor is preheated by heating the preheating medium in the reaction chamber. Disconnect the second branch from the inlet end and connect the first branch to the inlet end to introduce the test medium into the reaction chamber; The reactor heats the test medium within the reaction chamber.

9. The control method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The tubular reactor device further includes a differential pressure sensor connected to the inlet and the outlet; the step of heating the test medium in the reaction chamber includes: The differential pressure sensor detects the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet. Once the pressure difference stabilizes, the reactor heating power is adjusted to the rated power to heat the test medium.

10. The control method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The tubular reactor device further includes a first temperature sensor, and the tube wall includes an inner wall and an outer wall, wherein the first temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the outer wall; The step of disconnecting the second branch from the inlet and connecting the first branch to the inlet to introduce the test medium into the reaction chamber includes: The first temperature sensor detects the temperature of the outer wall. When the difference between the outer wall temperature and the experimental temperature is less than a preset temperature value, the second branch is disconnected from the inlet end, and the first branch is connected to the inlet end to introduce the experimental medium into the reaction chamber.

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