Pipeline defect detection method, system, equipment and medium
By arranging cross-arranged transducer arrays on the pipelines, the bending mode guide waves are excited and clear defect signals are obtained using baseline elimination method, the problems of low detection efficiency and inaccuracy in the prior art are solved, and high accuracy is achieved and suitable for pipeline defect detection.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411370699.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-29
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-27
- Estimated Expiration
- Not applicable · inactive patent
AI Technical Summary
The existing pipeline detection methods are inefficient and cannot detect unreachable areas of manpower, and the detection results of axisymmetric modal guided waves in complex scenarios are inaccurate.
Two transducer arrays are used to apply excitation forces of the set direction and frequency to stimulate the bending mode guide wave, and adjust the focus position of the guide wave by controlling the initial excitation transducer and time, perform circumferential scanning and obtain defect reflections through baseline elimination method. Signal.
It improves the accuracy and efficiency of pipeline defect detection, and can detect small defects in the weld area in complex scenarios. It is suitable for pipes of different materials and sizes without repeated installation.
Smart Images
Figure CN119198908A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of pipeline detection, and in particular to a pipeline defect detection method, system, equipment and medium. Background Art
[0002] The pipeline system is the main carrier of various fluids such as oil, water, and gas, and has become an indispensable part of modern society. Ensuring the safety of the pipeline system is of great significance. However, in the actual pipeline system, there are a large number of strong characteristic reflection areas such as flanges, welds, valves, straight pipes, and supports, and due to the external coating and other reasons, many areas that are inaccessible to human beings are formed. In the strong characteristic reflection area, corrosion is often more likely to occur. These special areas are the focus of pipeline inspection, and the inspection of these areas is also an urgent need for current pipeline inspection.
[0003] In the prior art, there are many detection methods for pipeline systems, but most of the traditional detection methods are contact-type, point-to-point detection, which not only has low detection efficiency, but more importantly, cannot detect areas that are inaccessible to human beings.
[0004] In order to improve the efficiency of pipeline inspection and inspect areas that are inaccessible to human resources, a pipeline defect detection method based on axisymmetric modal guided wave is proposed. Its implementation process includes: arranging the sensor array along the circumferential direction of the pipeline, using a signal generator to generate an axisymmetric modal guided wave signal; inputting the guided wave signal into the pipeline through the sensor array and propagating along the pipeline, and generating a reflected wave when encountering a defect in the pipeline, and performing feature analysis on the received reflected wave to determine the location of the pipeline defect.
[0005] The defects of the above-mentioned prior art are: the movement mode of the axisymmetric modal guided wave is relatively simple, and when facing important and urgent pipeline detection needs in many complex application scenarios, the detection results of pipeline defects are inaccurate. Summary of the invention
[0006] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a pipeline defect detection method, system, equipment and medium to address the above technical problems.
[0007] An embodiment of the present invention provides a pipeline defect detection method, comprising:
[0008] Two groups of transducer arrays are arranged on the pipeline to be tested, and excitation forces of set directions and set frequencies are applied through the two groups of transducer arrays to excite bending mode guided waves in the pipeline to be tested;
[0009] Controlling the initial excitation transducers and initial excitation time of the two groups of transducer arrays for applying excitation force, so as to adjust the focusing position of the bending mode guided wave in the circumferential direction of the pipeline, and circumferentially scanning the reflection area of the pipeline to be measured to obtain multiple scanning points;
[0010] According to the initial excitation transducer and the initial excitation time corresponding to the energy focus point of the bending mode guided wave, the bending mode guided wave is excited again to perform a first scan on all scanning points to obtain a first detection signal; according to the initial excitation transducer and the initial excitation time corresponding to the energy weak point of the bending mode guided wave, the bending mode guided wave is excited again to perform a second scan on all scanning points to obtain a second detection signal;
[0011] The second detection signal is used as the detection baseline signal to eliminate the baseline of the first detection signal to obtain the defect reflection signal; the scanning point with the largest amplitude change of the defect reflection signal among all scanning points is used as the defect position of the pipeline to be tested.
[0012] Optionally, exciting bending mode guided waves in the pipeline to be tested specifically includes:
[0013] Obtain the dispersion curve and guided wave circumferential displacement distribution diagram of the pipeline to be tested;
[0014] According to the dispersion curve and the distribution diagram of the circumferential displacement of the guided wave, the setting direction and setting frequency of the excitation force are determined;
[0015] An excitation force with a set direction and a set frequency is applied through two groups of transducer arrays to excite bending mode guided waves in the pipeline to be tested.
[0016] Optionally, the transducers in the same group in the two transducer arrays have the same circumferential position intervals, are evenly distributed on the pipe wall of the pipe to be tested, and are fed with excitation currents in the same direction; the circumferential distribution directions of the two groups are opposite and cross-arranged.
[0017] Optionally, controlling the initial excitation transducers and initial excitation time of the two groups of transducer arrays applying the excitation force specifically includes:
[0018] A pure single bending mode guided wave is excited in the pipeline to be tested, and the structure and wave number of various modal waves of the pipeline at different frequencies are calculated using the semi-analytical finite element method. The circumferential displacement target mode torsion-bending mode T (N, m) is selected;
[0019] The delay time Td corresponding to the ξth transducer in the transducer array is:
[0020]
[0021] Wherein, N represents the circumferential order of the target bending mode, Δt is the interval time between adjacent transducers in each array, f is the excitation frequency, ξ is the ordinal number of the annular array transducer, and η is the total number of annular array transducers;
[0022] The action time of each transducer in the array is determined according to the time delay, and alternating current is passed into the transducer according to the action time to change the initial excitation transducer and the initial excitation time of the transducer array.
[0023] Optionally, the energy focusing point is the position where the displacement amplitude of the bending mode waveguide for detection is the largest; and the energy weakest point is the position where the displacement amplitude of the bending mode waveguide for detection is the smallest.
[0024] The embodiment of the present invention further provides a pipeline defect detection system, comprising:
[0025] A layout module is used to layout two groups of transducer arrays on the pipeline to be tested, and to apply an excitation force of a set direction and a set frequency through the two groups of transducer arrays to excite bending mode guided waves in the pipeline to be tested;
[0026] A scanning module is used to control the initial excitation transducers and initial excitation time of the two groups of transducer arrays for applying excitation force, so as to adjust the focusing position of the bending mode guided wave in the circumferential direction of the pipeline, perform circumferential scanning on the reflection area of the pipeline to be measured, and obtain multiple scanning points;
[0027] The detection module is used to re-excite the bending mode guided wave according to the initial excitation transducer and initial excitation time corresponding to the energy focus point of the bending mode guided wave, and perform a first scan on all scanning points to obtain a first detection signal; and re-excite the bending mode guided wave according to the initial excitation transducer and initial excitation time corresponding to the energy weak point of the bending mode guided wave, and perform a second scan on all scanning points to obtain a second detection signal;
[0028] The defect recognition module is used to use the second detection signal as the detection baseline signal to eliminate the baseline of the first detection signal to obtain a defect reflection signal; and the scanning point with the largest amplitude change of the defect reflection signal among all scanning points is used as the defect position of the pipeline to be tested.
[0029] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer device, including a memory and a processor, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory, and the steps of the pipeline defect detection method are implemented when the processor executes the computer program.
[0030] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a storage medium on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the pipeline defect detection method are implemented.
[0031] Compared with the prior art, the pipeline defect detection method, system, device and medium provided by the embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:
[0032] The present invention is based on the characteristic of bending mode waveguide focusing in the circumferential direction of the pipeline. The two groups of transducer arrays apply an excitation force of a set direction and a set frequency to excite the bending mode waveguide in the pipeline. The initial excitation transducers and the initial excitation time of the two groups of transducer arrays applying the excitation force are controlled to adjust the focusing position of the bending mode waveguide in the circumferential direction of the pipeline. The characteristic of the bending mode waveguide is used to stably focus the energy in the circumferential direction of the pipeline. The problem that the motion mode of the axisymmetric mode waveguide in the prior art is relatively simple can be solved, and the detection range is large and the efficiency is high. The scanning point with the largest amplitude change of the defect reflection signal among all the scanning points is used as the defect position of the pipeline to be tested. In complex application scenarios, small defects in the weld area can still be found, thereby improving the accuracy of pipeline defect detection.
[0033] In addition, the present invention can also use different numbers of transducers according to the diameter of the pipeline, and is suitable for pipelines of different materials and sizes; after installation, by changing the excitation sequence of the two groups of intersecting transducers, the energy of the bending mode guided wave can be focused within different circumferential angle ranges without the need for disassembly and installation again. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0034] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a pipeline defect detection method provided in an embodiment;
[0035] Figure 2 A pipeline dispersion curve diagram of a pipeline defect detection method provided in an embodiment;
[0036] Figure 3 A wave structure diagram of a pipeline defect detection method provided in an embodiment;
[0037] Figure 4 A transducer array sequence diagram of a pipeline defect detection method provided in one embodiment;
[0038] Figure 5 A focus transfer diagram after a set time delay of a pipeline defect detection method provided in an embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0039] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.
[0040] In one embodiment, a pipeline defect detection method is provided, such as Figure 1 As shown, the method includes:
[0041] 1. Two sets of transducer arrays are arranged on the pipeline to be tested, and excitation forces of set directions and set frequencies are applied through the two sets of transducer arrays to excite bending mode guided waves in the pipeline to be tested.
[0042] The transducers in the same group in the two transducer arrays have the same circumferential position intervals and are evenly distributed on the pipe wall of the pipe to be tested, and the excitation current with the same direction is passed; the circumferential distribution directions between the two groups are opposite and cross-arranged.
[0043] 2. Control the initial excitation transducers and initial excitation time of the two groups of transducer arrays to apply the excitation force, so as to adjust the focusing position of the bending mode guided wave in the circumferential direction of the pipeline, perform circumferential scanning on the reflection area of the pipeline to be tested, and obtain multiple scanning points.
[0044] 3. According to the initial excitation transducer and initial excitation time corresponding to the energy focusing point of the bending mode waveguide, the bending mode waveguide is excited again to perform a first scan on all scanning points to obtain a first detection signal; according to the initial excitation transducer and initial excitation time corresponding to the energy weak point of the bending mode waveguide, the bending mode waveguide is excited again to perform a second scan on all scanning points to obtain a second detection signal.
[0045] Bending mode waveguide is a non-axisymmetric mode waveguide. When it propagates along the axial direction of the pipe, the displacement distribution along the circumferential direction is asymmetric. For example, the displacement amplitude is the largest at 0 degrees, which is the energy focusing point. The displacement amplitude is the smallest at 90 degrees, which is the weakest energy point.
[0046] 4. Based on the axial symmetry of the strong characteristic reflection area, the second detection signal is used as the detection baseline signal to eliminate the baseline of the first detection signal and eliminate the strong characteristic reflection signal. Based on the analysis of the scattering characteristics of the characteristic area, the interpretation of the detection signal after baseline elimination and the identification of the defect reflection signal are realized to obtain the defect reflection signal.
[0047] 5. The scanning point with the largest amplitude change of the defect reflection signal among all scanning points is taken as the defect position of the pipeline to be tested.
[0048] By changing the time delay sequence of the two sets of transducers, the circumferential energy focus position of the waveguide can be further controlled. By changing the time delay sequence, the energy focus point is scanned on the pipe wall, and the echo signals with the maximum and minimum energy of the bending mode at the defect are found to eliminate the baseline.
[0049] On the one hand, the present invention utilizes the circumferential focusing characteristics of the bending mode to enhance the strength of the defect reflection signal and improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the defect signal; on the other hand, it utilizes the axial symmetry of the strong characteristic reflection area to align the non-focused position with the defect detection and obtain the baseline signal containing the reflection information of the characteristic area. The baseline elimination can eliminate the strong reflection signal of the characteristic area, greatly improving the defect detection accuracy.
[0050] Exemplarily, the present invention is applied to a pipeline, and the specific steps are as follows:
[0051] First, obtain the dispersion curve and circumferential displacement distribution diagram of the pipeline to be tested, and determine the setting direction and setting frequency of the excitation force based on the dispersion curve and circumferential displacement distribution diagram of the waveguide to excite the bending mode waveguide in the pipeline to be tested. Distribute the transducer array evenly on the outer wall of the pipeline to be tested, and substitute the parameters of the bending mode waveguide for detection to obtain the number and spacing angle of the array. The dispersion curve of a pipeline is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the distribution diagram of the circumferential displacement of the guided wave is as follows Figure 3 shown.
[0052] Secondly, the bending mode guided wave is excited in the pipeline to be tested, and the structure and wave number of various modal waves of the pipeline to be tested at different frequencies are calculated by using the semi-analytical finite element method. The circumferential displacement target mode torsion-bending mode T (N, m) is selected, and the total number of transducers η that matches the outer diameter of the pipeline is selected. The delay time Td corresponding to the ξth transducer in each sequence is:
[0053]
[0054] Where N represents the circumferential order of the target bending mode, Δt is the interval time between adjacent transducers in each array, f is the excitation frequency, ξ is the ordinal number of the annular array transducer, and η is the total number of annular array transducers.
[0055] The action time of each transducer in the array is determined according to the time delay, and alternating current is passed through the transducer according to the action time to change the initial excitation transducer and the initial excitation time for the transducer array to apply the excitation force.
[0056] Two groups of time-delay array transducers are cross-arranged, and two adjacent transducers generate tangential forces in different directions. By controlling the time delay of each transducer in each transducer array, guided waves with different directivities are excited in the tube. The time delay of the two groups of transducer arrays is designed to excite a pure single torsion-bending mode guided wave in the tube.
[0057] like Figure 4 As shown, two groups of array elements with opposite excitation orders are arranged crosswise. The focus position can be changed by changing the time delay of adjacent array elements in the two groups. When the time delay difference between the two is Δt, the focus position rotates to Figure 5 At the position shown, the time delay difference is 0-Δt.
[0058] By changing the circumferential focusing position, the energy focus point scans the pipe wall circumferentially, and the echo signals with the maximum and minimum focusing of the bending mode in the defect area are obtained. The complex signals reflected in the characteristic area are eliminated by the baseline elimination method, and a clear defect echo signal with high signal-to-noise ratio and high resolution is obtained.
[0059] The main advantage of the present invention is that based on the characteristic of bending mode waveguide focusing on the circumference of the pipeline, a cross array is arranged on the outer wall of the pipeline to excite the bending mode waveguide, and the characteristic of the bending mode that can stably focus energy at a certain angle on the circumference of the pipeline is utilized. By changing the circumferential focusing position, the energy focusing point scans the pipe wall, and a clear echo signal of the defect is obtained by the baseline elimination method. Therefore, small defects in the weld area can be found.
[0060] In addition, different numbers of transducers can be used according to the diameter of the pipeline, which is suitable for pipelines of different materials and sizes. After installation, by changing the excitation sequence of the two sets of intersecting transducers, the energy of the bending mode waveguide can be focused within different circumferential angle ranges without the need for disassembly and installation again. The use of high magnetostrictive patches increases the scope of application of the present invention, and can excite bending mode waveguides in pipelines of different materials.
[0061] Based on the same inventive concept, the present application also provides a pipeline defect detection system, which includes:
[0062] The arrangement module is used to arrange two groups of transducer arrays on the pipeline to be tested, and to apply an excitation force of a set direction and a set frequency through the two groups of transducer arrays to excite bending mode guided waves in the pipeline to be tested.
[0063] The scanning module is used to control the initial excitation transducers and initial excitation time of the two groups of transducer arrays to apply excitation force, so as to adjust the focusing position of the bending mode guided wave in the circumferential direction of the pipeline, and perform circumferential scanning on the reflection area of the pipeline to be tested to obtain multiple scanning points.
[0064] The detection module is used to re-excite the bending mode waveguide according to the initial excitation transducer and the initial excitation time corresponding to the energy focusing point of the bending mode waveguide to perform a first scan on all scanning points to obtain a first detection signal; and re-excite the bending mode waveguide according to the initial excitation transducer and the initial excitation time corresponding to the energy weak point of the bending mode waveguide to perform a second scan on all scanning points to obtain a second detection signal.
[0065] The defect recognition module is used to use the second detection signal as the detection baseline signal to eliminate the baseline of the first detection signal to obtain a defect reflection signal; and the scanning point with the largest amplitude change of the defect reflection signal among all scanning points is used as the defect position of the pipeline to be tested.
[0066] Furthermore, the present invention also provides a computer device, including a memory and a processor, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory, and the processor implements the steps of the pipeline defect detection method when executing the computer program. The specific implementation method can be found in the method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.
[0067] Furthermore, the present invention also provides a storage medium on which a computer program is stored, such as a memory containing instructions, and the instructions can be executed by a processor of a computer device to complete the above method. For example, the non-temporary computer-readable storage medium can be a ROM, a random access memory (RAM), a CD-ROM, a magnetic tape, a floppy disk, and an optical data storage device. When the computer program is executed by the processor, the steps of the pipeline defect detection method are implemented. The specific implementation method can be referred to the method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.
[0068] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the description is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this field, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A pipeline defect detection method, characterized in that: include: Two groups of transducer arrays are arranged on the pipeline to be tested, and excitation forces of set directions and set frequencies are applied through the two groups of transducer arrays to excite bending mode guided waves in the pipeline to be tested; Controlling the initial excitation transducers and initial excitation time of the two groups of transducer arrays for applying excitation force, so as to adjust the focusing position of the bending mode guided wave in the circumferential direction of the pipeline, and performing circumferential scanning on the reflection area of the pipeline to be measured to obtain multiple scanning points; According to the initial excitation transducer and the initial excitation time corresponding to the energy focus point of the bending mode guided wave, the bending mode guided wave is excited again to perform a first scan on all scanning points to obtain a first detection signal; according to the initial excitation transducer and the initial excitation time corresponding to the energy weak point of the bending mode guided wave, the bending mode guided wave is excited again to perform a second scan on all scanning points to obtain a second detection signal; The second detection signal is used as the detection baseline signal to eliminate the baseline of the first detection signal to obtain the defect reflection signal; the scanning point with the largest amplitude change of the defect reflection signal among all scanning points is used as the defect position of the pipeline to be tested.
2. A pipeline defect detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exciting bending mode guided waves in the pipeline to be tested specifically includes: Obtain the dispersion curve and guided wave circumferential displacement distribution diagram of the pipeline to be tested; According to the dispersion curve and the distribution diagram of the circumferential displacement of the guided wave, the setting direction and setting frequency of the excitation force are determined; An excitation force with a set direction and a set frequency is applied through two groups of transducer arrays to excite bending mode guided waves in the pipeline to be tested.
3. A pipeline defect detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transducers in the same group in the two transducer arrays have the same circumferential position intervals, are evenly distributed on the pipe wall of the pipe to be tested, and are fed with excitation currents in the same direction; the circumferential distribution directions of the two groups are opposite and they are cross-arranged.
4. A pipeline defect detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The controlling of the initial excitation transducers and initial excitation time of the two groups of transducer arrays to apply the excitation force specifically includes: The bending mode guided wave is excited in the pipeline to be tested, and the structure and wave number of various modal waves of the pipeline to be tested at different frequencies are calculated using the semi-analytical finite element method, and the circumferential displacement target mode torsion-bending mode T (N, m) is selected; The delay time Td corresponding to the ξth transducer in the transducer array is: Wherein, N represents the circumferential order of the target bending mode, Δt is the interval time between adjacent transducers in each array, f is the excitation frequency, ξ is the ordinal number of the annular array transducer, and η is the total number of annular array transducers; The action time of each transducer in the array is determined according to the time delay, and alternating current is passed through the transducer according to the action time to change the initial excitation transducer and the initial excitation time for the transducer array to apply the excitation force.
5. A pipeline defect detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy focusing point is the position where the displacement amplitude of the bending mode waveguide for detection is the largest; the energy weakest point is the position where the displacement amplitude of the bending mode waveguide for detection is the smallest.
6. A pipeline defect detection system, characterized in that: include: A layout module is used to layout two groups of transducer arrays on the pipeline to be tested, and to apply an excitation force of a set direction and a set frequency through the two groups of transducer arrays to excite bending mode guided waves in the pipeline to be tested; A scanning module is used to control the initial excitation transducers and initial excitation time of the two groups of transducer arrays for applying excitation force, so as to adjust the focusing position of the bending mode guided wave in the circumferential direction of the pipeline, perform circumferential scanning on the reflection area of the pipeline to be measured, and obtain multiple scanning points; The detection module is used to re-excite the bending mode guided wave according to the initial excitation transducer and initial excitation time corresponding to the energy focus point of the bending mode guided wave, and perform a first scan on all scanning points to obtain a first detection signal; and re-excite the bending mode guided wave according to the initial excitation transducer and initial excitation time corresponding to the energy weak point of the bending mode guided wave, and perform a second scan on all scanning points to obtain a second detection signal; The defect recognition module is used to use the second detection signal as the detection baseline signal to eliminate the baseline of the first detection signal to obtain a defect reflection signal; and the scanning point with the largest amplitude change of the defect reflection signal among all scanning points is used as the defect position of the pipeline to be tested.
7. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory, wherein: When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the pipeline defect detection method described in any one of claims 1 to 5 are implemented.
8. A storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the pipeline defect detection method described in any one of claims 1 to 5 are implemented.