Rapid positioning drilling and excavation record associated filling method for blasting tunnel hole

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of building construction, in particular to a blasting tunnel hole rapid positioning drilling and excavation record association filling method which comprises the following steps: building a BIM model and giving rules: building a tunnel model, setting hole location of a blasting surface of a tunnel face of each mileage in the model according to a blasting scheme, and forming an associated parameter driving model; arranging a three-dimensional laser lofting instrument: setting a base point of the three-dimensional laser lofting instrument, erecting a laser arrangement instrument, and determining a three-dimensional laser arrangement position; the model data is transmitted to a three-dimensional laser lofting instrument, and laser lofting is conducted through the three-dimensional laser lofting instrument; blast holes are excavated and re-measured, specifically, the blast holes are formed manually or mechanically, and re-measurement is conducted after blast surface collection; and excavation record association filling and reporting: associating the coordinate information of each blast hole in the BIM model and the acquired information of the actual blasting surface into an excavation record. The time efficiency can be improved, the working procedures are reduced, and coordinates are increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of building construction, and in particular to a method for quickly positioning drilling holes in blasting tunnels and associating and reporting excavation records. Background Art

[0002] Blasthole positioning refers to the process of determining the location of blastholes in blasting projects. This process is crucial to ensure the effectiveness and safety of blasting. Blasthole positioning needs to consider multiple factors, including the nature of the rock, the purpose of blasting, the surrounding environment, etc. When blasthole positioning is carried out, geological exploration and on-site investigation are usually carried out to determine the best blasthole location and depth. At the same time, it is also necessary to select the appropriate type and charge of explosives according to the specific needs of the blasting. In actual operation, blasthole positioning is usually carried out by professional blasting engineers or technicians. They will use professional measuring equipment and technology to determine the exact location of the blasthole and mark it for subsequent construction.

[0003] The opening of traditional blastholes has inaccurate positions. For tunnels with large curves and longitudinal changes, when traditional blasting is used, the cross-section blasting is prone to not being in place, resulting in under-excavation of the subsequent tunnel. In addition, the use of traditional full-station layout leads to slow timeliness, many processes, and few coordinate points. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to improve timeliness, reduce processes, and increase coordinates, the present application provides a method for quickly locating drilling holes in blasting tunnels and associating and reporting excavation records.

[0005] The present application provides a method for quickly locating drilling holes and associating and reporting excavation records in a blasting tunnel, which adopts the following technical solution: A method for quickly locating drilling holes and associating and reporting excavation records for blasting tunnel blastholes comprises the following steps: BIM model establishment and rule assignment: Establish a tunnel model and set the blasting hole position of each mileage face in the model according to the blasting plan to form an associated parameter-driven model; Layout of 3D laser layout instrument: set the base point of 3D laser layout instrument, set up laser layout instrument, and determine the 3D laser layout position; Rapid layout of blastholes: transfer model data to the 3D laser layout instrument, and use the 3D laser layout instrument for laser layout; Blast hole excavation and re-survey: Blast holes are opened manually or mechanically, and re-surveyed after blasting surface collection; Excavation record association reporting: associate the coordinate information of each blast hole in the BIM model and the actual blasting surface information collected into the excavation record.

[0006] Optionally, establish model data: including the steps of setting the blasting hole position positioning of each mileage face according to the blasting plan, forming an associated parameter-driven model, and respectively establishing the tunnel model, establishing the blasting hole position rules, and outputting the hole position data.

[0007] Optionally, the establishment of the tunnel model, the establishment of blasting hole position rules, and the output of hole position data include the following steps: positioning the key mileage according to the predetermined excavation section dimensions of each mileage, performing planar and longitudinal positioning on the key mileage sections, automatically generating a section transition through two key mileage blasting sections, and naming the intervals according to the two key mileages after the section transition.

[0008] Optionally, after the model is established, it supports automatic generation of any section. The section needs to have contour line dimensions and coordinates. Contour dimensions refer to the generation of key point coordinates, and support absolute and relative position relationships of dimension parameterized driven coordinates.

[0009] Optionally, the following steps are included: making a base, placing base points, and protecting equipment. First, a convenient walking and positioning device is placed at the bottom of the three-dimensional layout instrument. The positioning device has an infrared laser set at the bottom center, and a height gauge is set at the bottom of the device. The infrared laser is used to emit downwards to align the coordinate origin, and the error is controlled within ±1cm.

[0010] Optionally, after aligning the three-dimensional layout instrument with the coordinates, adjust the height. The adjustment value sets the height range to be 1m-1.5m. The adjustment rule is based on the difference between the ground base point coordinate elevation and the tunnel base point elevation of that mileage as the adjustment range of the device. After the elevation is adjusted in place, it is locked and leveled according to the leveling ruler.

[0011] Optionally, after the plane and elevation positioning are accurate, the traveling device is locked, and the diagonal support of the traveling device is placed in place, and a dust blocking device is set inside the protective bin. When the layout work is completed, the equipment is withdrawn from the working surface in time.

[0012] Optionally, data is transmitted to a three-dimensional laser layout instrument, and the three-dimensional layout instrument performs laser layout, including the steps of: hole position data summary, hole position data transmission, and laser layout instrument layout. Hole position data summary refers to the summary of data at the hole positions on the model, wherein the data refers to data such as mileage sections, contour parameters, and the number of blastholes. The data is expressed in the form of table statistics, and the table is prepared in the form of an excavation record table, and the data should reflect the corresponding numerical relationship between mileage, coordinates, quantity, etc.

[0013] Optionally, blasthole excavation and re-surveying include the following steps: blasthole machine selection, machine selection for opening blastholes, opening by laser layout and dot marking, for example, after the three-dimensional laser layout instrument has been placed in the arranged base points, a three-dimensional laser scanner performs laser dot marking, and the blastholes are opened manually using the positions of the laser dots. Before opening, an air drill angle auxiliary device is used to assist in the plane and longitudinal bidirectional angle control of the air drill to facilitate manual control of the air drill drilling angle, which has been obtained in the first step above. The blastholes are opened manually based on the direct angle of the laser dot marking and with the assistance of the air drill angle auxiliary device Optionally, excavation record association reporting includes the following steps: associating model data with excavation records, uploading the scanned data to the model for comparison, and possibly analyzing the scanned data. The deviation value can be directly associated with the excavation record, completing the comparison and analysis after design and construction, and finally completing the closed excavation record reporting.

[0014] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The establishment of the tunnel model refers to the establishment of a model of the tunnel excavation dimensions. The model needs to consider the tunnel excavation section dimensions before settlement, and the key mileage is located according to the determined excavation section dimensions of each mileage. The plane and longitudinal positioning are required on the key mileage section. The section transition is automatically generated through two key mileage blasting sections. After the section transition, the interval is named according to the two key mileages. After the model is established, it supports the automatic generation of any section. The section needs to have contour line dimensions and coordinates. The contour dimensions refer to the generation of key point coordinates, and support the absolute position relationship and relative position relationship of the dimension parameterized driving coordinates; 2. The placement refers to placing the three-dimensional layout instrument at the above-mentioned base point coordinates, including using infrared laser to emit downward to align the coordinate origin, and the error is controlled within ±1cm. After the three-dimensional layout instrument is aligned with the coordinates, the height is adjusted, and the adjustment value is set in the range of 1m-1.5m. The adjustment rule is based on the difference between the elevation of the ground base point coordinates and the elevation of the tunnel base point of the mileage as the adjustment range of the equipment. After the elevation is adjusted in place, it is locked and leveled according to the leveling ruler; 3. Use manual or mechanical methods to open blastholes, and re-measure after the blasting surface is collected. It mainly includes the following processes: a. Selection of blasthole machinery. It is necessary to select the machinery for opening blastholes, including manual (YT-28 air-leg rock drill) or machine (three-arm rock drill). When manual opening is used, two methods can be used for opening. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the method flow of this application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The following is combined with Figure 1 This application is described in further detail.

[0017] The embodiment of the present application discloses a method for quickly locating drilling holes in blasting tunnels and associating and reporting excavation records.

[0018] Reference Figure 1 The method for quickly locating drilling holes and associating and reporting excavation records in blasting tunnel blasting holes comprises the following steps: Step (1): Establish BIM model and assign rules: Establish a tunnel model, set the blasting hole position of each mileage face according to the blasting plan, and form an associated parameter-driven model.

[0019] Step (2): Layout of the 3D laser layout instrument: Set the base point of the 3D laser layout instrument, set up the laser layout instrument, and confirm the 3D laser layout position.

[0020] Step (3): Rapid layout of blastholes: Data is transmitted to a three-dimensional laser layout instrument, which performs laser layout.

[0021] Step (4): Blast hole excavation and re-survey: The blast holes are opened manually or mechanically, and re-survey is performed after the blasting surface is collected.

[0022] Step (5): Excavation record association filling: associate the coordinate information of each blast hole in the BIM model and the actual blasting surface information collected into the excavation record.

[0023] Step (1) Establishment of BIM model and assignment of rules: Establish a tunnel model, set the blasting hole position of each mileage face according to the blasting plan, and form an associated parameter-driven model. This includes the following steps: a. Establishment of tunnel model, b. Establishment of blasting hole position rules, and c. Output of hole position data.

[0024] The establishment of the tunnel model refers to the establishment of a model of the tunnel excavation dimensions. The model needs to consider the tunnel excavation section dimensions before settlement, and the key mileage is located according to the determined excavation section dimensions of each mileage. The plane and longitudinal positioning are required on the key mileage sections. The section transition is automatically generated through two key mileage blasting sections. After the section transition, the interval is named according to the two key miles. After the model is established, it supports the automatic generation of any section. The section must have contour line dimensions and coordinates. The contour dimensions refer to the generation of key point coordinates, and support the absolute and relative position relationships of dimension parameterized driven coordinates.

[0025] The establishment of blast hole position rules refers to the layout of the blast hole position according to the blasting design plan, and the control is carried out according to the absolute coordinates of each blast hole and the relative coordinates with the outer contour. Each gun mouth must be able to meet the precise positioning of the X, Y, and Z coordinates. Because the tunnel involves the plane line shape and longitudinal changes, the blast hole needs to be based on the buried depth length. In addition to considering the blast hole coordinates, it is also necessary to consider the horizontal and vertical changes. Regardless of the change of the tunnel line shape, the relative relationship between the blast hole buried position and the blast surface is consistent. Therefore, when considering the horizontal and vertical changes of the blast hole, the following methods can be adopted: (1) Use the blast hole starting point coordinates to control according to the horizontal and vertical changes and the bidirectional slope value. (2) Use the two-point coordinates of the blast hole burial depth starting point and end point to control.

[0026] The output of hole position data refers to the transmission of the established model data to the 3D laser lofting instrument, and a base point coordinate for placing the 3D laser lofting instrument needs to be set on each section. The coordinate is mainly used for the base point positioning of the equipment. The transmission method can directly use the wireless receiving port to transmit the hole position data to the equipment, and the equipment extracts it automatically. The data includes the coordinate position of the blasthole, which is specifically expressed in the form of mileage information, section information, and blasthole information.

[0027] Step (2) Layout of the 3D laser layout instrument: Set the base point of the 3D laser layout instrument, set up the laser layout instrument, and confirm the 3D laser layout position. It includes the following steps: a. Making the base, b. Placing the base point, c. Equipment protection, wherein the making of the base means first placing a convenient walking and positioning device at the bottom of the 3D layout instrument. The device has an infrared laser set at the bottom center, which is used for precise positioning at the coordinate position of the above base point. A height gauge is set at the bottom of the device to set the height and level adjustment of the 3D layout instrument. A locking device is set on the walking wheel. A protective shed is set on the top of the device. The equipment is connected to the lower device by bolts. The bolts and the bottom storage platform are regularly re-tested for flatness to ensure that the platform is flat and the verticality of the bolts meets the requirements.

[0028] The placement refers to placing the three-dimensional layout instrument at the above-mentioned base point coordinates, including using infrared laser to emit downward to align the coordinate origin, with an error controlled within ±1cm. After the three-dimensional layout instrument is aligned with the coordinates, the height is adjusted, and the adjustment value sets the height interval in the range of 1m-1.5m. The adjustment rule is that the difference between the ground base point coordinate elevation and the tunnel mileage base point elevation is the adjustment range of the equipment. After the elevation is adjusted in place, it is locked and leveled according to the leveling ruler.

[0029] After the plane and elevation positioning are accurate, the traveling device is locked and the diagonal brace of the traveling device is placed in place to ensure the stability of the three-dimensional layout instrument. Equipment protection includes the erection of a protective shed and the withdrawal from the work surface after the layout is completed. The erection of a protective shed refers to the erection of a steel structure shed above the equipment that is opened at the rear and has a protective lens. During daily use, the equipment is always placed in a protective warehouse to ensure the safety of the equipment. A dust blocking device should be installed in the protective warehouse to prevent excessive dust in the tunnel from entering the equipment and affecting the operation of the equipment. When the layout work is completed, the equipment should be withdrawn from the work surface in a timely manner to avoid the impact of blasting operations on the safety of the equipment.

[0030] Step (3) Rapid staking of blastholes: Data is transmitted to the three-dimensional laser layout instrument, and the three-dimensional layout instrument performs laser layout. It mainly includes hole position data summary, hole position data transmission, and laser layout instrument layout. Hole position data summary refers to the summary of data at the hole positions on the model, where the data refers to data such as mileage sections, contour parameters, and number of blastholes. The data is presented in the form of table statistics. The table is prepared in the form of an excavation record table, and the data should reflect the corresponding numerical relationships between mileage, coordinates, quantity, etc. Data transmission refers to the transmission of analyzed data. The data is mainly named according to the blasting mileage, and mainly reflects the coordinate values ​​of the blasthole positions, the specific values ​​of X, Y, and Z. After the values ​​on the model are screened, they are uploaded to the cloud. The three-dimensional layout instrument sets a cloud receiving module to achieve the connection between cloud upload and cloud reception.

[0031] Laser stakeout refers to the stakeout instrument that, after receiving the data, needs to determine the base point coordinates of the laser instrument in advance according to the above-mentioned known base point coordinates, and perform laser stakeout on the coordinates to be transmitted through the known base point coordinates.

[0032] Step (4) Blasthole excavation and re-survey: The blasthole is opened manually or mechanically, and re-survey is performed after the blasting surface is collected. It mainly includes the following processes: a. Selection of blasthole machinery. It is necessary to select the machinery for opening blastholes, including manual (YT-28 air-leg rock drill) or machine (three-arm rock drill). When manual opening is used, two methods can be used for opening.

[0033] First, the opening is carried out by laser marking. For example, after the three-dimensional laser layout instrument places the arranged base points, the three-dimensional laser scanner performs laser marking, and the blasthole is opened manually using the position of the laser marking. Before opening, the air drill angle auxiliary device is used to perform auxiliary control of the plane and longitudinal bidirectional angles of the air drill to facilitate manual control of the angle of the air drill drilling. This value has been obtained in the first step above. According to the direct angle of the laser marking, the blasthole is opened manually with the assistance of the angle auxiliary device of the air drill. Second, mechanical excavation refers to opening according to the laser marking position, and the adjustment of the horizontal and vertical directions of the blasthole is controlled and adjusted according to the data of the above step one. The re-measurement of the blasthole refers to the use of the three-dimensional laser layout equipment to re-measure the laser marking after the hole position is opened. At the same time, because the laser layout instrument has the function of cross-sectional scanning, the three-dimensional scanning cross-sectional data can also be used for comparison and analysis with the above model. During the laser marking re-measurement process, the laser can be radiated to the coordinates of the bottom of the blasthole for calibration and matching. If the error is too large, corresponding correction measures should be taken to adjust the hole position.

[0034] Step (5) Excavation record association reporting: The coordinate information of each blast hole in the BIM model and the information of the actual blasting surface after collection are associated with the excavation record. It mainly includes the following contents: model data is associated with excavation records, and the excavation records are associated through the table style in the above step one. The values ​​of step one are all related design values, and each coordinate point can be reviewed through the establishment of the model. The coordinates and layout of the hole positions are all reflected. The mileage section information, hole position number, hole position specification and other data support can be exported with one click, and the exported records can be directly used in the excavation records. Because the three-dimensional layout equipment has a three-dimensional scanning function, the actual excavation situation can be scanned by three-dimensional scanning to perform actual working conditions, and the scanned data can be uploaded to the model for comparison. The scanned data may also be analyzed, and the deviation value can be directly associated with the excavation record to complete the comparison and analysis after design and construction, and finally complete the closed excavation record reporting.

[0035] The implementation principle of the method for quickly locating drilling holes and associating excavation records in the blasting tunnel embodiment of the present application is as follows: Step (1). Establishing a BIM model and assigning rules: Establish a tunnel model, set the blasting hole position of each mileage face according to the blasting plan, and form an associated parameter-driven model. Step (2). Layout of a three-dimensional laser layout instrument: Set the base point of the three-dimensional laser layout instrument, set up a laser layout instrument, and confirm the three-dimensional laser layout position. Step (3). Rapid layout of blast holes: Data is transmitted to the three-dimensional laser layout instrument, and the three-dimensional layout instrument performs laser layout. Step (4). Excavation and re-survey of blast holes: Use manual or mechanical methods to open blast holes, and re-survey after the blasting surface is collected. Step (5). Associating and reporting excavation records: Associate the coordinate information of each blast hole in the BIM model with the information of the actual blasting surface after collection into the excavation record.

[0036] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for quickly locating drilling holes and associating and reporting excavation records for blasting tunnel blasting holes, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: BIM model establishment and rule assignment: Establish a tunnel model and set the blasting hole position of each mileage face in the model according to the blasting plan to form an associated parameter-driven model; Layout of 3D laser layout instrument: set the base point of 3D laser layout instrument, set up laser layout instrument, and determine the 3D laser layout position; Rapid layout of blastholes: transfer model data to the 3D laser layout instrument, and use the 3D laser layout instrument for laser layout; Blast hole excavation and re-survey: Blast holes are opened manually or mechanically, and re-surveyed after blasting surface collection; Excavation record association reporting: associate the coordinate information of each blast hole in the BIM model and the actual blasting surface information collected into the excavation record.

2. The method for rapid positioning of blastholes in blasting tunnels and associating and reporting excavation records according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Establishing model data: including the steps of setting the blasting hole position positioning of each mileage face according to the blasting plan, forming an associated parameter-driven model, and respectively establishing the tunnel model, establishing the blasting hole position rules, and outputting the hole position data.

3. The method for rapid positioning of blastholes in blasting tunnels and associating and reporting excavation records according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The establishment of tunnel model, the establishment of blasting hole position rules, and the output of hole position data include the following steps: positioning the key mileage according to the determined excavation section dimensions of each mileage, performing plane and longitudinal positioning on the key mileage section, automatically generating a section transition through two key mileage blasting sections, and naming the intervals according to the two key mileages after the section transition.

4. The method for rapid positioning of blastholes in blasting tunnels and associating and reporting excavation records according to claim 1 is characterized in that: After the model is established, it supports the automatic generation of any section. The section needs to have contour line dimensions and coordinates. Contour dimensions refer to the generation of key point coordinates, and support the absolute and relative position relationships of dimension parameterized driven coordinates.

5. The method for rapid positioning of blastholes in blasting tunnels and associative reporting of excavation records according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The following steps are involved: To make the base, place the base point, and protect the equipment, first place a convenient walking and positioning device at the bottom of the 3D layout instrument. The positioning device has an infrared laser set at the bottom center, and a height gauge is set at the bottom of the device. The infrared laser is used to emit downwards to align the coordinate origin, and the error is controlled within ±1cm.

6. The method for rapid positioning of blastholes in blasting tunnels and associating and reporting excavation records according to claim 5, characterized in that: After aligning the coordinates of the three-dimensional layout instrument, adjust the height. The adjustment value sets the height range to be 1m-1.5m. The adjustment rule is that the difference between the ground base point coordinate elevation and the tunnel base point elevation of the mileage is the adjustment range of the equipment. After the elevation is adjusted in place, lock it and perform leveling according to the leveling ruler.

7. The method for rapid positioning of blastholes in blasting tunnels and associating and reporting excavation records according to claim 6, characterized in that: After the plane and elevation positioning are accurate, the traveling device is locked, and the diagonal support of the traveling device is placed in place. A dust blocking device is installed in the protective cabin. When the layout work is completed, the equipment is withdrawn from the working surface in time.

8. The method for rapid positioning of blastholes in blasting tunnels and associative reporting of excavation records according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The data is transmitted to the 3D laser layout instrument, and the 3D layout instrument performs laser layout, including the steps of hole position data summary, hole position data transmission, and laser layout instrument layout. The hole position data summary refers to the summary of the hole position data on the model, where the data refers to the mileage section, contour parameters, number of blastholes and other data. The data is expressed in the form of table statistics. The table is made in the form of an excavation record table, and the data should reflect the corresponding numerical relationship between mileage, coordinates, quantity, etc.

9. The method for rapid positioning of blastholes in blasting tunnels and associating and reporting excavation records according to claim 7, characterized in that: Blast hole excavation and re-survey, including the following steps: blast hole machine selection, machine selection for opening blast holes, opening by laser layout and dot marking, for example, after the three-dimensional laser layout instrument places the arranged base points, the three-dimensional laser scanner performs laser dot marking, the blast holes are opened manually using the laser dot positions, and the air drill angle auxiliary device is used before opening to perform auxiliary control of the plane and longitudinal bidirectional angles of the air drill to facilitate manual control of the air drill drilling angle, which has been obtained in the first step above, and the blast holes are opened manually based on the direct angle of the laser dot marking and assisted by the air drill angle auxiliary device.

10. The method for rapid positioning of blastholes in blasting tunnels and associative reporting of excavation records according to claim 7, characterized in that: Excavation record association reporting: includes the following steps: associating model data with excavation records, uploading scanned data to the model for comparison, and possibly analyzing the scanned data. Deviation values ​​can be directly associated with excavation records, completing comparison and analysis after design and construction, and finally completing closed excavation record reporting.

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