A recipient corneal trephine

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, and in particular to a recipient corneal trepanation, comprising an upper base, a lower base, a splitting ring, an inner ring, a finger support, a positioner, a turntable, a drill, and an air pressure control system; the lower base is connected to the lower base, the lower base is provided with a splitting ring sleeved inside, and the splitting ring is provided with an inner ring sleeved inside; the upper base, the lower base, the splitting ring, and the inner ring are interconnected to form a trepanation cavity; two symmetrical finger supports are provided on the outer side of the upper base; when positioning the cornea, the positioner is provided inside the inner ring; when cutting the cornea, the turntable is provided inside the inner ring, the drill is provided at the lower end of the turntable, and the air control system is connected to the lower base through an air hole; the present invention does not block the doctor's sight when positioning and cutting the cornea, can ignore the doctor's skill level, unifies the thickness of corneal cutting, adopts an air pressure control system to realize exhaust and air intake of the corneal trepanation, does not require the doctor to assist in operating the syringe, and liberates labor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, and in particular to a recipient corneal trephine. Background Art

[0002] The cornea is the transparent, frontal portion of the outer layer of the eyeball, approximately 1 mm thick. It consists of five layers: epithelial, elastic, stroma, elastic, and endothelial. Blinding eye diseases such as glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, and blinding keratopathy are on the rise, and only corneal transplantation can restore vision. However, donor corneas are scarce, and the number of patients eligible for corneal transplantation is relatively small. Therefore, improving the success rate of corneal transplantation is crucial. A corneal transplant involves cutting the donor cornea and transplanting it to the affected area of ​​the patient's cornea. A recipient corneal trephine is an ophthalmic instrument commonly used in ophthalmic surgery to create a circular incision on the patient's corneal surface. During a corneal transplant, the recipient corneal trephine is used to remove the affected cornea.

[0003] In the prior art, Chinese patent number "CN115969615", entitled "Negative Pressure Corneal Occipital Holder and Negative Pressure Corneal Ring Drill", discloses a device for cutting the cornea, which includes an adsorption head, a finger support, and a drill. The adsorption head includes an inner ring and an outer ring, and the inner ring and the outer ring form an inner cavity. When positioning the corneal ring drill to the center of the corneal lesion area, the patent uses a positioning post to first position the corneal lesion area at the center. One hand holds the positioning post, and the other hand then puts the corneal ring drill on the positioning post, so that the corneal ring drill slides down along the positioning post. During positioning, the hand operating above the positioning post will block the doctor's vision, which is very inconvenient for the doctor to operate. During the process of corneal trepanation, the positioning column is easily displaced, resulting in inaccurate positioning; this patent relies on the doctor's experience when cutting the cornea, but due to the different proficiency of doctors, the depth of corneal cutting may vary, and it is inconvenient to observe the cutting situation during cutting; the finger support surface of the finger support part of this patent is connected to the carrier at the center, and due to the different sizes of doctors' hands, it will cause large hands to be difficult to grasp and affect the doctor's vision; and when operating the corneal trepanation, the doctor's assistant is required to operate the syringe to exhaust and intake air in the inner cavity of the trepanation, which increases labor and requires tacit cooperation between the doctor and the assistant to complete the operation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main technical problems to be solved by the present invention are: when cutting the corneal lesion area, due to the different proficiency levels of doctors, the depth of corneal cutting may vary, and it is inconvenient to observe the cutting process; when locating the center position of the corneal lesion area, the unreasonable design structure of the locator easily blocks the doctor's line of sight and causes inaccurate positioning; the unreasonable design structure of the finger support makes it difficult to grasp and affects the doctor's line of sight; when operating the corneal ring drill, a doctor's assistant is required to operate the syringe, which increases labor.

[0005] The present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A recipient corneal trephine drill comprises an upper base, a lower base, a split ring, an inner ring, a finger support, a positioner, a turntable, a drill cutter, and an air pressure control system;

[0007] The lower base is connected to the lower part of the upper base, the interior of the lower base is provided with a split ring, and the interior of the split ring is provided with an inner ring; the upper base, the lower base, the split ring, and the inner ring are connected to form a trephine inner cavity, and the trephine inner cavity forms a sealed trephine inner cavity after contacting the cornea;

[0008] The upper base, lower base, split ring and inner ring are all hollow cylinders. The inner wall of the upper base is provided with an internal thread. The lower base is provided with an air hole connected to the inner cavity of the trephine. The lower end edge of the split ring is provided with multiple protrusions. There are gaps between the split ring and the inner ring, and between the split ring and the lower base. The upper base, lower base, split ring and inner ring can be sealed and connected with glue.

[0009] The gaps between the lower base and the split ring, and between the split ring and the inner ring are all 0.05 mm;

[0010] Two symmetrical finger support parts are provided on the outer side of the upper base, and the finger support parts include a finger support frame and a finger support surface;

[0011] The finger support surface is oval, the lower end of the finger support surface is flush with the lower end of the finger support frame, and the finger support surface is provided with anti-slip stripes;

[0012] The four handles of the turntable are evenly distributed around the center of the turntable, and a logo handle is provided among the four handles, and the upper surface of the logo handle is provided with logo stripes or silk screen; the pitch of the turntable is fixed, and the drill bit moves down 0.25mm for each rotation of the turntable;

[0013] The upper end of the turntable is provided with a mounting slot for a pin-type camera, and the turntable can be sleeved with the pin-type camera, which is placed downward along the inner wall of the turntable;

[0014] When locating the center of the corneal lesion area, the locator is set inside the inner ring. The locator includes a first cylinder, a triangular bracket and a handle. The triangular bracket is set on the upper edge of the first cylinder, and the handle is vertically set at the end of the triangular bracket. A central hole is provided at the center of the bottom surface of the first cylinder.

[0015] When cutting the corneal lesion area, the turntable is arranged inside the inner ring, and the turntable includes four handles and a second cylinder, the second cylinder is located at the lower end of the handle, and the drill is arranged at the lower end of the second cylinder;

[0016] The air pressure control system is connected to the lower base via an air pipe;

[0017] The air pressure control system includes a voice module, a small air pump and a built-in power supply. The voice module is provided with an identification command and a prompt tone. The voice module can control the small air pump to discharge or inhale gas; the built-in power supply can provide energy for the syringe.

[0018] Preferably, the outer wall of the second cylinder is provided with an external thread that matches the internal thread of the upper base, and the external thread of the second cylinder is engaged with the internal thread of the upper base to drive the drill to move up and down.

[0019] Preferably, the wall thickness of the finger support is 1.5 mm, and the contact surfaces between the finger support, the finger support surface and the outer circumferential surface of the upper base are provided with reinforcing ribs.

[0020] Preferably, both end surfaces of the locator handle are provided with anti-slip stripes.

[0021] Preferably, the number of the segmentation ring convex points is set to 16, and the impressions of the segmentation ring convex points on the corneal edge are marked with gentian violet.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0023] 1. The present invention sets the locator handle into a vertical triangular bracket structure. When the doctor is locating the cornea, he holds the finger support with one hand and holds the locator handle with the other hand, and slides the locator from top to bottom and places it in the corneal trephine. The hand is not above the recipient's corneal trephine during operation. The center hole of the locator is aligned with the center point of the corneal mark without obstruction, which is convenient for the doctor to observe and hold, does not block the doctor's line of sight, and realizes accurate positioning of the locator.

[0024] 2. The finger rest is set to a single-channel type. The single-channel type means that the lower end of the finger rest is flush with the lower end of the finger support frame. When holding the finger rest, there is enough space for the fingertips to hold and operate the corneal trephine, which is convenient for the doctor to hold and operate the corneal trephine. The hand does not operate above the corneal trephine to avoid blocking the doctor's line of sight.

[0025] 3. The present invention uses silk screen printing or a boss to mark the position of one of the handles of the turntable. The four handles are evenly distributed, and the pitch of the turntable is fixed. The drill moves down 0.25 mm for each rotation of the turntable. When cutting the cornea, the distance the drill moves down can be determined by recording the number of rotations of the turntable, and the thickness of the cut cornea can also be determined. This method can ignore the proficiency of the doctor's technique and unify the thickness of the corneal cutting.

[0026] 4. The present invention adopts an air pressure control system, which includes a voice module, a small air pump and a built-in power supply. The voice module recognizes commands and controls the small air pump to exhaust or inhale gas, thereby realizing the exhaust and intake process of corneal trephination. There is no need for a physician assistant to assist in operating the syringe, thus freeing up labor.

[0027] 5. The present invention sets a pinhole camera on the inner wall of the turntable, which can clearly observe the cutting situation and cutting process, thereby improving the success rate of corneal transplantation surgery. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the specific embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the split ring of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the finger support portion of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 It is a front view of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 AA cross-section of

[0034] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the positioner of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 A top view of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the turntable and the drill bit of the present invention;

[0037] In the figure: upper base 1, lower base 2, split ring 3, inner ring 4, finger support 5, locator 6, turntable 7, drill 8, air hole 21, protrusion 31, finger support 51, finger support surface 52, first cylinder 61, triangular bracket 62, handle 63, center hole 64, handle 71, and second cylinder 72, mounting slot 73.

[0038] In order to better understand the above technical solution, the above technical solution will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0039] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the recipient corneal trephine of the present invention includes an upper base 1, a lower base 2, a split ring 3, an inner ring 4, a finger support 5, a positioner 6, a turntable 7, a drill 8, and an air pressure control system.

[0040] The upper base 1, lower base 2, split ring 3 and inner ring 4 are all hollow cylinders. The lower base 2 is connected to the upper base 1, the split ring 3 is sleeved inside the lower base 2, and the inner ring 4 is sleeved inside the split ring 3; the upper base 1, lower base 2, split ring 3 and inner ring 4 are interconnected to form a ring drill inner cavity, and the ring drill inner cavity forms a sealed ring drill inner cavity after contacting the cornea, and the recipient cornea acts as a sealing ring; the upper base 1, lower base 2, split ring 3 and inner ring 4 can be sealed and connected by glue; the inner wall of the upper base 1 is provided with an internal thread, the lower base 2 is provided with an air hole connected to the ring drill inner cavity, the lower end edge of the split ring 3 is provided with multiple protrusions 31, and the inner ring 4 has space for a locator and a drill cutter to pass through; a gap is left between the split ring 3 and the inner ring 4, and between the split ring 3 and the lower base 2.

[0041] When locating the center position of the corneal lesion area, the locator 6 is arranged inside the inner ring 4. The locator 6 includes a first cylinder 61, a triangular bracket 62 and a handle 63. The triangular bracket 62 is arranged on the upper edge of the first cylinder 61, and the handle 63 is arranged vertically at the end of the triangular bracket 62. A central hole 64 is provided in the center of the bottom surface of the first cylinder 61.

[0042] When cutting the corneal lesion area, the turntable 7 is set inside the inner ring 4. The turntable 7 includes four handles 71 and a second cylinder 72. The second cylinder 72 is located at the lower end of the handle 71, and the drill 8 is set at the lower end of the second cylinder 72.

[0043] The air pressure control system is connected to the lower base 2 through an air pipe.

[0044] As an embodiment of the present invention, after repeated experiments, it was concluded that, preferably, the gaps between the lower base 2 and the split ring 3, and between the split ring 3 and the inner ring 4 are both 0.05 mm. When the air pressure control system discharges the gas from the inner cavity of the trephine through the air hole, the negative pressure generated in the inner cavity of the trephine effectively adsorbs and fixes the cornea on the trephine.

[0045] As an embodiment of the present invention, the number of protrusions 31 of the segmentation ring 3 is set to 16, and the lower end of the protrusions of the segmentation ring 3 is flush with the lower end of the inner ring 4. When the cornea is adsorbed and fixed on the recipient corneal ring drill, the protrusions 31 press the recipient cornea and leave an imprint on the edge of the recipient cornea. After the corneal disease area is cut, the imprint on the edge of the recipient cornea is marked with gentian violet liquid, so that the cornea is sutured more evenly during suturing, preventing the occurrence of complications such as myopia and astigmatism in the later stage, and improving the success rate of corneal transplantation.

[0046] Two symmetrical finger supports 5 are provided on the outside of the upper base 1, and the finger support 5 includes a finger support frame 51 and a finger support surface 52; the wall thickness of the finger support frame 51 is 1.5 mm, and the contact surface between the finger support frame 51 and the finger support surface 52 and the outer circular surface of the upper base 1 is provided with reinforcing ribs. The reinforcing rib is a design element for enhancing the strength of the structure. Usually, a reinforcing plate is added to the common vertical surface of the two combined bodies to improve the strength and rigidity of the joint surface, and can also provide support and other functions. It is suitable for the design of various mechanical components. In the present invention, the design of the reinforcing rib makes it easy for the doctor to straighten the corneal trephine during the operation, and is not easy to deform the corneal trephine, thereby improving the service life of the corneal trephine. The finger rest surface 52 is oval in shape, and the lower end of the finger rest surface 52 is flush with the lower end of the finger support frame 51 and the finger rest surface 52 is provided with anti-slip stripes. Furthermore, the finger rest surface 52 is designed to be single-channel type. The single-channel type means that the lower end of the finger rest surface 52 is flush with the lower end of the finger support frame 51. When the doctor performs corneal positioning and corneal cutting, when the doctor holds the finger rest surface 52 with his fingers to operate, there is enough space for the finger pulp to hold and operate the corneal ring drill, and the hand does not operate above the corneal ring drill to avoid blocking the doctor's line of sight. The anti-slip stripes provided on the finger rest surface 52 are used to increase the friction between the fingers and the finger rest surface, which is convenient for holding the corneal ring drill and preventing the corneal ring drill from falling off during operation.

[0047] As one embodiment of the present invention, when a physician locates the center of a corneal lesion, they first place a corneal trephine on the cornea. After the cornea contacts the inner cavity of the trephine, a sealed inner cavity is formed, and the cornea acts as a sealing ring. In the structural design of the locator 6 of the present invention, the handle 63 is configured as a vertical triangular bracket 62. When locating the center of the corneal lesion, the physician grips the handle 63 with their fingers and slides the locator 6 from top to bottom into the inner ring 4 of the corneal trephine. The central aperture 64 of the first cylindrical body 61 is aligned with the center of the corneal lesion. During the entire operation, the physician's hand does not operate above the corneal trephine, thereby not obstructing the physician's line of sight. This allows for more rapid and accurate positioning of the center of the corneal lesion. In addition, anti-slip stripes are provided on both end surfaces of the handle 63 to increase friction between the fingers and the handle for easier gripping and anti-slip.

[0048] In one embodiment of the present invention, the turntable 7 and the drill 8 can be connected with glue. The outer wall of the second cylindrical body 72 of the turntable 7 is provided with an external thread that mates with the internal thread of the upper base 1. The external thread of the second cylindrical body 72 engages with the internal thread of the upper base 1 to drive the drill 8 up and down. When the physician incises the corneal lesion, he or she holds the finger rest with one hand and holds the turntable 7 with the other hand, sliding it from top to bottom and installing it in the inner ring 4. He or she then rotates the handle 71, which moves the drill downward and performs the corneal circumcision. Furthermore, the turntable has four handles 71 evenly distributed around the center of the turntable 7. Each of the four handles 71 is provided with an identification handle, and the upper surface of the identification handle is provided with an identification stripe or silk screen. The pitch of the turntable 7 is fixed, and the drill moves downward by 0.25 mm for each rotation of the turntable 7. When incising the corneal lesion, the distance the drill 8 moves downward, and thus the thickness of the cornea incised, can be determined by recording the number of rotations of the turntable 7. This method can be used to determine the thickness of the cornea incised, regardless of the physician's skill level.

[0049] As an embodiment of the present invention, a mounting slot 73 for a needle camera is provided at the upper end of the turntable 7. The turntable 7 can be fitted with the needle camera, which is placed downward along the inner wall of the turntable 7. The needle camera can be used in conjunction with a display to magnify surgical images, allowing the doctor to clearly observe the insertion and cutting process, thereby improving the success rate of the operation.

[0050] As one embodiment of the present invention, the air pressure control system includes a voice module, a small air pump, and a built-in power supply (not shown in the figure in this embodiment). During use, one end of the trachea is connected to the small air pump, and the other end is connected to the air hole 21 connected to the inner cavity of the trephine. The small air pump is used to enter and exhaust the inner cavity of the trephine through the trachea. The voice module is equipped with a recognition command and a prompt tone. The recognition command is "intake" and "exhaust", and the prompt tone is "complete". The voice module can control the small air pump to exhaust or inhale air. The built-in power supply can provide energy for the syringe. The specific usage process is: when the doctor says "exhaust", the voice module recognizes the "exhaust" command and triggers the small air pump to exhaust. At this time, air enters the inner cavity of the trephine through the air hole, and the inner cavity of the trephine is in the air intake state. When the small air pump completes the "exhaust" action, the voice module prompts "completed"; when the doctor says "inhale", the voice module recognizes the "inhale" command and triggers the small air pump to inhale. At this time, the inner cavity of the trephine exhausts air into the trachea through the air hole to generate negative pressure, and the inner cavity of the trephine is in the exhaust state. When the small air pump completes the "inhale" action, the voice module prompts "completed".

[0051] During operation, the small air pump is connected to one end of the trachea and sealed, and the other end of the trachea is connected to the air hole connected to the inner cavity and sealed; the corneal trephine is placed on the recipient cornea, and the recipient cornea contacts the trephine inner cavity to form a sealed inner cavity. Use one hand to hold the finger support surface 52, and the other hand to hold the handle and install the locator 6 in the inner ring 4. The locator 6 is concentric with the inner ring 4, and the central hole 64 of the locator 6 is aligned with the center of the corneal lesion; the doctor says the "inhale" command, and the voice module drives the small air pump to inhale. At this time, the trephine inner cavity is in the exhaust state. After the small air pump completes the "inhale" work, the voice module prompts "completed"; after the trephine inner cavity generates negative pressure, the recipient corneal trephine is trephinated. The drill absorbs and fixes the cornea, and the locator 6 is removed; the drill cutter 8 slides down from the inside of the inner ring 4 from top to bottom and is installed. The drill cutter 8 is moved downward by rotating the turntable 7, and the number of rotations of the turntable 7 is recorded. When the required cutting depth is reached, the doctor says the "exhaust" command, which causes the voice module to drive the small air pump to exhaust the air, and the inner cavity of the trephine is in the air intake state. After the small air pump completes the "exhaust" work, the voice module prompts "completed"; at this time, the recipient cornea is separated from the recipient corneal trephine; the 16 protrusions 31 on the splitting ring 3 leave a uniform impression on the edge of the recipient cornea, and the recipient corneal impression is marked with gentian violet to make the corneal suture more uniform in the later stage and prevent the occurrence of complications such as myopia and astigmatism.

[0052] The basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention are shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the foregoing embodiments. The foregoing embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention. Various changes and modifications may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Such changes and modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed in the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A recipient corneal trephine, characterized in that: It includes an upper base (1), a lower base (2), a split ring (3), an inner ring (4), a finger support (5), a positioner (6), a turntable (7), a drill (8), and an air pressure control system; The lower base (2) is connected to the lower portion of the upper base (1), a split ring (3) is sleeved inside the lower base (2), and an inner ring (4) is sleeved inside the split ring (3); the upper base (1), the lower base (2), the split ring (3), and the inner ring (4) are interconnected to form a trephine inner cavity, and the trephine inner cavity forms a sealed trephine inner cavity after contacting the cornea; The upper base (1), the lower base (2), the split ring (3) and the inner ring (4) are all hollow cylinders. The inner wall of the upper base (1) is provided with an internal thread. The lower base (2) is provided with an air hole (21) communicating with the inner cavity of the trephine. The lower edge of the split ring (3) is provided with a plurality of protrusions (31). Gaps are left between the split ring (3) and the inner ring (4), and between the split ring (3) and the lower base (2). The upper base (1), the lower base (2), the split ring (3) and the inner ring (4) can be sealed and connected by glue. The gaps between the lower base (2) and the split ring (3), and between the split ring (3) and the inner ring (4) are all 0.05 mm; Two symmetrical finger support portions (5) are provided on the outer side of the upper base (1), and the finger support portions (5) include a finger support frame (51) and a finger support surface (52); The finger support surface (52) is oval, the lower end of the finger support surface (52) is flush with the lower end of the finger support frame (51), and the finger support surface (52) is provided with anti-slip stripes; The four handles (71) of the turntable (7) are evenly distributed around the center of the turntable (7), and a marking handle is provided among the four handles (71). The upper surface of the marking handle is provided with marking stripes or silk screen printing; the pitch of the turntable is fixed, and the drill bit moves down 0.25 mm for each rotation of the turntable (7); The upper end of the turntable (7) is provided with a mounting slot (73) for a pin-type camera, and the turntable (7) can be sleeved with the pin-type camera, and the pin-type camera is placed downward along the inner wall of the turntable (7); When locating the center position of the corneal lesion area, the locator (6) is arranged inside the inner ring (4), and the locator (6) includes a first cylinder (61), a triangular bracket (62) and a handle (63), wherein the triangular bracket (62) is arranged on the upper edge of the first cylinder (61), and the handle (63) is arranged vertically at the end of the triangular bracket (62), and a central small hole (64) is provided at the center of the bottom surface of the first cylinder (61); When cutting the corneal lesion area, the turntable (7) is arranged inside the inner ring (4), and the turntable (7) includes four handles (71) and a second cylinder (72), the second cylinder (72) is located at the lower end of the handle (71), and the drill (8) is arranged at the lower end of the second cylinder (72); The air pressure control system is connected to the lower base (2) via an air pipe; The air pressure control system includes a voice module, a small air pump and a built-in power supply. The voice module is provided with an identification command and a prompt tone. The voice module can control the small air pump to discharge or inhale gas; the built-in power supply can provide energy for the syringe.

2. A recipient corneal trephine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the second cylindrical body (72) is provided with an external thread that matches the internal thread of the upper base (1), and the external thread of the second cylindrical body (72) engages with the internal thread of the upper base (1) to drive the drill to move up and down.

3. The recipient corneal trephine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The finger support frame (51) has a wall thickness of 1.5 mm, and the contact surfaces between the finger support frame (51), the finger support surface (52) and the outer circumferential surface of the upper base (1) are provided with reinforcing ribs.

4. The recipient corneal trephine according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both end surfaces of the handle (63) of the positioner (6) are provided with anti-slip stripes.

5. The recipient corneal trephine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of convex points of the segmentation ring (3) is set to 16, and the impressions of the convex points of the segmentation ring (3) on the corneal edge are marked with gentian violet.

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