An assembly modularized internal measuring gauge and measuring method

Abstract

The application discloses an inner measuring gauge with modular assembly and a measuring method, and belongs to the technical field of machining measuring equipment. The inner measuring gauge comprises a base, a guide rail, a fixed reference seat, a micrometer, a main body support seat, a right-angle adapter rod and a sliding block. The fixed reference seat is fixed at one end of the base, and a first measuring head is detachably arranged on the fixed reference seat. The sliding block is fixed on the base through the guide rail, and the main body support seat is fixed on the sliding block. The right-angle adapter rod comprises a first rod and a second rod which are perpendicular to each other. The right-angle adapter rod and the micrometer are rotatably installed and fixedly installed in the main body support seat respectively. The first rod of the right-angle adapter rod abuts against the measuring head of the micrometer, and a second measuring head is detachably arranged on the second rod. The inner measuring gauge is simple to operate, and the measuring head, the right-angle adapter rod and the fixed reference seat can be customized according to requirements. The problems that a traditional measuring gauge is difficult to measure the size of a complex structure and the range is limited are solved, and the applicability and service life of the measuring gauge are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mechanical processing measuring equipment, and in particular to a modular internal measuring fixture and a measuring method. Background Art

[0002] Internal measuring fixtures are an indispensable type of measuring equipment in the machining industry, widely used for direct measurement of features such as inner ring groove diameters, cavity diameters, and deep blind hole diameters. Currently, commonly used measuring tools include internal diameter micrometers, internal diameter gauges, and internal diameter vernier calipers. However, these traditional tools have the following shortcomings when performing internal diameter inspections:

[0003] 1. Measurement Limitations: The measuring heads of internal micrometers and vernier calipers are fixed structures. When measuring deep-hole parts, especially those with deep-hole ring grooves, direct measurement is impossible due to the limited depth and thickness of the grooves. Furthermore, these tools are limited in their measuring range, making it difficult to simultaneously adapt to the measurement needs of various structures and sizes.

[0004] For workpieces with complex structures, such as Figure 1 The inner diameter of the grooved ring structure in the workpiece shown is measured, and Figure 2 The distance measurement between different waist grooves in the waist groove block structure workpiece with inner groove shown is difficult to measure using the above-mentioned traditional tools.

[0005] 2. Strong dependence on operating experience: The above-mentioned traditional tools have high requirements on the operator's measurement techniques, and the operator's experience directly affects the measurement accuracy.

[0006] 3. Difficulty replacing components, wear, and damage leading to measurement errors and product quality issues: The stylus and jaws of these traditional tools directly contact the measured object. Long-term use can lead to wear, cumulative errors, and measurement accidents. Furthermore, due to their structural design, these vulnerable parts are often not replaceable. Furthermore, metal contact points can easily leave scratches or blemishes when measuring products with demanding surface finishes, impacting product quality.

[0007] In view of the above problems, there is an urgent need for an efficient internal testing tool that is simple, interchangeable, adaptable, and easy to operate to overcome the limitations of existing tools and improve measurement accuracy and efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: in view of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, a modular internal testing fixture is provided, wherein the modular internal testing fixture comprises a base, a guide rail, a fixed reference seat, a main body measuring device, and a locking fine-tuning device;

[0009] The base is an L-shaped structure, including a bottom plate and a vertical plate; a first groove is provided in the center of the bottom plate along the length direction of the bottom plate, and the guide rail is fixedly installed in the first groove;

[0010] The fixed reference seat is detachably provided at the first end of the base, a probe connecting rod is provided on the fixed reference seat, and a first probe is detachably provided at the end of the probe connecting rod;

[0011] The main body measuring device includes a dial indicator, a main body support seat, a right-angle transfer rod, and a slider; the slider is slidably connected to the guide rail; the main body support seat is fixedly connected to the slider; the right-angle transfer rod is rotatably installed in the main body support seat; the dial indicator is fixedly installed in the main body support seat; the right-angle transfer rod includes a first rod and a second rod perpendicular to each other; the first rod is located in the main body support seat and abuts against the probe of the dial indicator; the end of the second rod is detachably provided with a second probe;

[0012] The sizes of the second rod and the probe connecting rod match each other;

[0013] The locking fine-adjustment device is located on one side of the first end of the main body measuring device facing the base and is fixedly connected to the main body measuring device. The locking fine-adjustment device is used to lock and fine-adjust the position of the main body measuring device.

[0014] Preferably, the fixed reference seat also includes a base plate connecting portion and a adapter portion; the base plate connecting portion is fixedly connected to the base plate, and the adapter portion is located between the base plate connecting portion and the probe connecting rod; the probe connecting rod extends in a direction perpendicular to the vertical plate away from the base plate, and the end of the probe connecting rod is detachably provided with a first probe on a side facing the first end of the base.

[0015] Preferably, the measuring rod of the micrometer is perpendicular to the guide rail, and the measuring head of the micrometer is facing the direction of the vertical plate; the second rod is located outside the main body support seat and extends away from the base plate, and the end of the second rod is detachably provided with a second measuring head on a side facing the second end of the base. When the second rod is parallel to the measuring head connecting rod, the line connecting the first measuring head and the second measuring head is perpendicular to the measuring rod of the micrometer.

[0016] The cam is fixedly mounted on the support frame of the vehicle frame, and the cam is fixedly mounted on the support frame of the vehicle frame.

[0017] Preferably, the modular internal measuring fixture of the component also includes a right-angle adapter rod limit screw, which is used to limit the extreme position of the rotation of the first rod; the modular internal measuring fixture of the component also includes a micrometer measuring rod limit spring, and the micrometer measuring rod limit spring is arranged outside the measuring needle of the micrometer.

[0018] Preferably, the modular internal measuring fixture of the component also includes a micrometer mounting hole and a micrometer fixing screw. The micrometer is inserted into the micrometer mounting hole. The micrometer fixing screw is fixed to the side of the main support seat close to the first end of the base and abuts against the fixing rod of the micrometer.

[0019] Preferably, the modular internal measuring and inspection fixture of the component includes a plurality of right-angle adapter rods and the fixed reference base of different sizes for use in combination; the first rods of the plurality of right-angle adapter rods have the same size, the second rods have different sizes, and the lengths of the probe connecting rods of the plurality of fixed reference bases are different; the modular internal measuring and inspection fixture of the component also includes first probes and second probes of various sizes and structures, the bottoms of the first probes and the second probes are threaded structures, and the first probe and the second probe are fixedly connected to the probe connecting rod and the second rod respectively through threads.

[0020] Preferably, the first probe and the second probe are made of wear-resistant and low-hardness materials, including POM, copper, and aluminum alloy; the right-angle adapter rod and the fixed reference seat are made of corrosion-resistant rigid materials, including 304 stainless steel and 316 stainless steel.

[0021] Preferably, the modular internal testing fixture further includes standard blocks of various standard sizes and structures.

[0022] In addition, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a measurement method for measuring the dimensions of a workpiece using the modular internal measuring fixture as described above, the method comprising the following steps:

[0023] Step S1, using an upper limit size standard block to zero the micrometer of the internal measuring fixture, and then locking the main measuring device through the locking fine-adjustment device;

[0024] Step S2, measuring the lower limit size standard block, and recording the reading of the dial indicator as the standard deviation value of the upper and lower limit sizes;

[0025] Step S3, measuring the workpiece to be measured, and comparing the reading of the dial indicator with the standard deviation values ​​of the upper and lower limit sizes. If the reading of the dial indicator is greater than the standard deviation values ​​of the upper and lower limit sizes, it means that the actual size of the workpiece is smaller than the lower limit of the design size. If the reading of the dial indicator is less than zero, it means that the actual size of the workpiece exceeds the upper limit of the design size. Otherwise, it means that the actual size of the workpiece meets the tolerance.

[0026] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: the modular internal measuring fixture provided by the present invention includes a base, a guide rail, a fixed reference seat, and a main body measuring device; the main body measuring device includes a micrometer, a main body support seat, a right-angle adapter rod, and a slider; the fixed reference seat is fixed to one end of the base, and a first probe is detachably provided on the fixed reference seat; the guide rail is fixed to the base, the slider is slidably connected to the guide rail, and the main body support seat is fixed to the slider; the right-angle adapter rod includes a first rod and a second rod perpendicular to each other, the right-angle adapter rod is rotatably installed in the main body support seat, the micrometer is fixedly installed in the main body support seat, the first rod of the right-angle adapter rod abuts against the probe of the micrometer to convert the measurement in the horizontal direction into the measurement in the vertical direction, and the second rod is detachably provided with a second probe. The internal measuring fixture of the present invention is easy to operate and has low skill requirements for the operator. The probe, right-angle adapter rod, and fixed reference base are all detachable, and the structure is simple. It can be customized as needed to meet the measurement requirements of different depths, different complex structures and materials. It solves the problem that traditional measuring tools are difficult to measure the dimensions of complex structures. The slide rail increases the measuring range, and the replaceable components reduce the maintenance cost of the measuring tool, thereby improving the applicability and service life of the measuring tool. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0028] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the complex workpiece structure with grooves.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the workpiece structure with grooved waist groove block.

[0030] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a modular internal testing fixture provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 4 This is an assembly diagram of the modular internal testing fixture provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the main body support base of the modular internal testing fixture provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the main body support base of the modular internal testing fixture provided by an embodiment of the present invention from another perspective.

[0034] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a locking fine-adjusting device of a modular internal testing fixture provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figures 8-10 A schematic structural diagram of a probe of a modular internal testing fixture provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 11-13 A schematic structural diagram of a right-angle adapter rod of a modular internal testing fixture provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 14-16 A schematic structural diagram of a reference fixing seat of a modular internal testing fixture provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 17 A schematic structural diagram of a standard block of a modular internal testing fixture provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 18 A schematic diagram of a method for measuring a standard block of a modular internal testing fixture for components provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 19 The modular internal test fixture for measuring components provided by the embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the method for the structure shown.

[0041] Figure 20 The modular internal test fixture for measuring components provided by the embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the method for the structure shown.

[0042] In the attached figure:

[0043] 100, base; 110, bottom plate; 120, vertical plate; 111, first groove; 112, second groove; 121, third groove;

[0044] 200, guide rail;

[0045] 300, fixed reference seat; 310, probe connecting rod; 320, base plate connecting portion; 330, adapter;

[0046] 400, main measuring device; 410, dial indicator; 411, dial indicator measuring rod; 412, dial indicator measuring rod limit spring; 413, dial indicator fixing rod; 414, dial indicator fixing screw; 420, main body support seat; 421, first rotating shaft mounting hole; 422, adapter rod accommodating cavity; 423, dial indicator mounting hole; 430, right-angle adapter rod; 431, first rod; 432, second rod; 433, right-angle adapter rod limit screw; 434, second rotating shaft mounting hole; 435, rotating shaft; 440, slider;

[0047] 500, locking fine-tuning device; 510, fine-tuning pressure plate; 511, pressure plate; 512, side plate; 513, waist-shaped groove; 514, fine-tuning screw fixing hole; 520, locking screw; 530, fine-tuning screw; 540, fine-tuning fixing slider; 550, top block; 560, fine-tuning spring; 570, guide column;

[0048] 600, first measuring head; 610, second measuring head. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] The embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0051] The present invention aims to solve the deficiencies of existing traditional measuring tools, especially the problems encountered in the workshop when detecting inner diameters and grooves, such as deep holes, deep groove inner diameter detection, ring groove detection of different specifications, dimensional measurement of complex structure workpieces, and measurement inaccuracies caused by continuous wear of the gauge probe, single function of conventional gauges, high operating skill requirements, limited measuring range, low applicability and limited maintenance. To this end, an embodiment of the present invention provides an internal measuring gauge with modular components, which is mainly composed of a slide rail, a main support seat, a micrometer, a right-angle adapter rod, a fixed reference seat, a fine-tuning device, and a probe. Among them, the right-angle adapter rod, the probe, and the fixed reference seat are all detachable structures and can be customized as needed to meet the measurement requirements of different depths, different structures and materials. The slide rail increases the measurement range, and the replaceable components greatly improve the applicability and service life of the measuring tool.

[0052] like Figure 3-Figure 4 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a modular internal testing fixture, which includes a base 100, a guide rail 200, a fixed reference seat 300, a main body measuring device 400, and a locking fine-tuning device 500;

[0053] The base 100 is an L-shaped structure, including a bottom plate 110 and a vertical plate 120 ; a first groove 111 is provided in the center of the bottom plate 110 along the length direction of the bottom plate, and the guide rail 200 is fixedly installed in the first groove 111 .

[0054] The fixed reference seat 300 is detachably mounted on the first end of the base 100 . A probe connecting rod 310 is mounted on the fixed reference seat 300 . A first probe 600 is detachably mounted on the end of the probe connecting rod 310 .

[0055] The fixed reference base 300 is mainly used to fix the first probe 600. The present invention has no particular restrictions on the structure of the fixed reference base 300. Figure 1 As shown, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fixed reference seat 300 further includes a base plate connecting portion 320 and an adapter portion 330; the base plate connecting portion 320 is fixedly connected to the base plate 110, and the adapter portion 330 is located between the base plate connecting portion 320 and the probe connecting rod 310; the probe connecting rod 310 extends in a direction perpendicular to the vertical plate 120 away from the base plate 110, and the end of the probe connecting rod 310 is detachably provided with a first probe 600 on a side facing the first end of the base 100. Further, as Figure 1As shown, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the base plate connecting portion 320 and the adapter portion 330 are both rectangular in shape, with the cross-sectional dimensions of the base plate connecting portion 320 being larger than those of the adapter portion 330. The base plate 110 is provided with a second groove 112 that matches the base plate connecting portion 320, and the vertical plate 120 is provided with a third groove 121 that matches the base plate connecting portion 320 and the adapter portion 330. The bottom of the base plate connecting portion 320 is embedded in the second groove 112 and is fixedly connected to the base plate 110 by screws. The sides of the base plate connecting portion 320 and the adapter portion 330 are embedded in the third groove 121. The probe connecting rod 310 is located on the upper portion of the end face of the adapter portion 330 away from the base plate 110. The fixed reference base 300 and the first probe 600 are both detachable and can be replaced according to measurement needs and wear.

[0056] The main measuring device 400 includes a micrometer 410, a main support seat 420, a right-angle adapter rod 430, and a slider 440; the slider 440 is slidably connected to the guide rail 200; the main support seat 420 is fixedly connected to the slider 440; the right-angle adapter rod 430 is rotatably installed in the main support seat 420; the micrometer 410 is fixedly installed in the main support seat 420; the right-angle adapter rod 430 includes a first rod 431 and a second rod 432 that are perpendicular to each other; the first rod 431 is located in the main support seat 420 and abuts against the probe of the micrometer 410; the end of the second rod 432 is detachably provided with a second probe 610. Figure 5-Figure 6 As shown, the main body support base 420 is provided with a first rotation shaft mounting hole 421, and the right-angle transfer rod 430 is provided with a second rotation shaft mounting hole 434 at a right angle. A rotation shaft 435 passes through the first and second rotation shaft mounting holes 421 and 434, rotatably mounting the right-angle transfer rod 430 on the main body support base 420. A transfer rod accommodating cavity 422 is provided within the main body support base 420 to accommodate the first rod 431. The first rod 431 rotates within the transfer rod accommodating cavity 422 about the rotation shaft 435. The right-angle transfer rod 430 and the second probe 610 are both removable and can be replaced according to measurement needs and wear.

[0057] The second rod 432 and the probe connecting rod 310 have sizes matching each other.

[0058] In this embodiment of the present invention, the dial indicator's measuring rod 411 is perpendicular to the guide rail 200, and the measuring head of the dial indicator 410 faces the vertical plate 120. The second rod 432 is located outside the main support base 420 and extends away from the base plate 110. A second measuring head 610 is detachably mounted on the distal end of the second rod 432, facing the second end of the base 100. When the second rod 432 is parallel to the measuring head connecting rod 310, the line connecting the first measuring head 600 and the second measuring head 610 is perpendicular to the dial indicator's measuring rod 411. Placing the dial indicator 410 opposite the right-angle adapter rod 430 converts horizontal measurements into vertical measurements, facilitating replacement of the right-angle adapter rod 430.

[0059] like Figure 1 As shown, the probe connecting rod 310 and the second rod 432 form a pair of back-to-back stylus claws. During measurement, the workpiece to be measured is placed flush against the vertical plate 120, and the first stylus 600 and the second stylus 610 respectively contact the part to be measured. The height of the vertical plate 120 is designed to meet the requirements of conventional workpiece size measurement.

[0060] In an embodiment of the present invention, the modular internal testing fixture further comprises a right-angle transfer rod limit screw 433, which is fixed within the main support seat 420 and is used to limit the rotational limit position of the first rod 431. When the lower end face of the first rod 431, which is away from the end of the second rod 432, abuts against the right-angle transfer rod limit screw 433, the first rod 431 will no longer be able to rotate clockwise. The modular internal testing fixture further comprises a micrometer gauge rod limit spring 412, which is sleeved on the outside of the micrometer gauge needle 411. The counterclockwise rotation angle of the first rod 431 is limited by the micrometer gauge rod limit spring 412.

[0061] In this embodiment of the present invention, the modular internal testing fixture further includes a dial indicator mounting hole 423 and a dial indicator fixing screw 414. The dial indicator 410 is inserted into the dial indicator mounting hole 423. The dial indicator fixing screw 414 is fixed to the side of the main support base 420 near the first end of the base 100 and abuts against the dial indicator fixing rod 413. As the first rod 431 rotates, the stylus of the dial indicator 410 moves accordingly, and the dial and fixing rod of the dial indicator 410 are fixed to the main support base 420 by the dial indicator fixing screw 414.

[0062] In an embodiment of the present invention, the modular internal measuring fixture of the component includes a plurality of right-angle adapter rods 430 and the fixed reference base 300 of different sizes for use in conjunction with each other; the first rods 431 of the plurality of right-angle adapter rods 430 are of the same size, the second rods 432 are of different sizes, and the lengths of the probe connecting rods 310 of the plurality of fixed reference bases 300 are of different sizes. The second rods 432 and the probe connecting rods 310 of different lengths can adapt to the measurement of workpiece dimensions of different depths. The greater the depth value of the measured position, the longer the second rod 432 and the probe connecting rod 310 are required. In addition, because the second rod 432 and the probe connecting rod 310 act as measuring claws in the measurement, the cross-sectional dimensions of the second rod 432 and the probe connecting rod 310 can also be customized as needed. Small-sized slots can use second rods 432 and probe connecting rods 310 with smaller cross-sections. As Figures 11-16 Shown are three different sizes of right-angle adapter rods 430 and fixed reference bases 300. Figure 11-13 In the right-angle adapter rod 430, the length of the first rod 431 is 36 mm, and the lengths of the second rod 432 are 27 mm, 36 mm, and 56 mm, respectively. Figure 14-16 The sizes of the probe connecting rods of the fixed reference seat are 15.61mm, 24.61mm, and 42.61mm respectively. The right-angle adapter rod with a second rod length of 27mm is used with a fixed reference seat 300 with a probe connecting rod length of 15.61mm, the right-angle adapter rod with a second rod length of 36mm is used with a fixed reference seat with a probe connecting rod length of 24.61mm, and the right-angle adapter rod with a second rod length of 56mm is used with a fixed reference seat with a probe connecting rod length of 42.61mm. The right-angle adapter rod 430 and the fixed reference seat 300 provided in the embodiment of the present invention have a simple structure. Machining manufacturers can produce the right-angle adapter rods and the fixed reference seat according to measurement needs, and then assemble them with other components of the internal measurement fixture for use. The lengths of the second rod 432 and the probe connecting rod 310 need to meet the following condition: when the second rod 432 is parallel to the probe connecting rod 310 , the line connecting the first probe 600 and the second probe 610 is perpendicular to the probe rod 411 of the micrometer.

[0063] The present invention has no special restrictions on the connection method between the probe and the inspection fixture. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the modular internal inspection fixture of the component also includes a first probe 600 and a second probe 610 of various sizes and structures, the bottom of the first probe 600 and the second probe 610 are threaded structures, and the first probe 600 and the second probe 610 are fixedly connected to the probe connecting rod 310 and the second rod 432 respectively through threads. In actual applications, the first probe 600 and the second probe 610 can have the same structure and size, or probes of different structures or sizes can be selected as the first probe 600 and the second probe 610 respectively as needed. Figures 8-10 As shown in the figure, there are three probes with different structures. Each probe includes a threaded part at the bottom, a probe tip at the top, and a support part in the middle. Figures 8-10 In the figure, the diameters of the support parts are 3.5mm, 4.5mm, and 4.5mm, respectively, and the sum of the heights of the tip and the support parts are 8mm, 8mm, and 5mm, respectively. Because the right-angle adapter rod rotates within a small range during the measurement process, the head of the probe is designed to be relatively flat, so that the probe can still maintain good contact with the workpiece under test when the right-angle adapter rod rotates. In actual applications, probes of different sizes and structural features can be designed and processed according to the workpiece size and material requirements. For example, for narrow slots, a probe with a smaller diameter can be used in combination with a second rod 432 with a smaller cross-section and a probe connecting rod 310 to adapt to different measurement needs and reduce damage to the workpiece under test.

[0064] In an embodiment of the present invention, the first probe 600 and the second probe 610 are made of wear-resistant and low-hardness materials, including POM, copper, and aluminum alloy; the right-angle adapter rod 430 and the fixed reference seat 300 are made of corrosion-resistant rigid materials, including 304 stainless steel and 316 stainless steel.

[0065] The locking fine-tuning device 500 is located on one side of the first end of the main measuring device 400 facing the base 100 and is fixedly connected to the main measuring device 400 . The locking fine-tuning device 500 is used to lock and fine-tune the position of the main measuring device 400 .

[0066] In the embodiment of the present invention, the locking fine-tuning device 500 includes a fine-tuning pressure plate 510, a locking screw 520, a fine-tuning screw 530, a fine-tuning fixed slider 540, a top block 550, a fine-tuning spring 560, and a guide column 570; the fine-tuning fixed slider 540 is slidably connected to the guide rail 200, and the bottom of the fine-tuning fixed slider 540 is provided with a groove matching the top block 550, and the top block 550 is fixed to the bottom of the fine-tuning fixed slider 540; the fine-tuning pressure plate 510 includes a pressure plate 511 and a side plate 512 connected perpendicularly to each other; the first end of the pressure plate 511 is located above the fine-tuning fixed slider 510, and the second end of the pressure plate 511 is located between the slider 440 and the main support seat 420, and the main support seat 420 presses the second end of the pressure plate 511 on the slider 440, so that the main measuring device 400 and the fine-tuning locking device The device 500 forms a whole, the side plate 512 is located on the side of the fine-tuning fixed slider 510 away from the slider 440, the first end of the pressure plate 511 is provided with a waist-shaped groove 513, the locking screw 520 passes through the waist-shaped groove 513 and is fixedly connected to the fine-tuning fixed slider 540, the end of the locking screw 520 abuts against the top block 550, and the top block 550 is used to prevent the locking screw 520 from crushing the guide rail 200; two guide columns 570 are provided on an end face of the fine-tuning fixed slider 540 close to the main measuring device 400, and each guide column 570 is provided with a fine-tuning spring 560, one end of the fine-tuning spring 560 is fixedly connected to the fine-tuning fixed slider 540, and the other end is a free end; the fine-tuning screw 530 passes through the fine-tuning screw fixing hole 514 on the side plate 512 and is fixedly connected to the fine-tuning fixed slider 540. When the locking fine-tuning device 500 is locked, the slider 440 can be moved along with the fine-tuning pressure plate 510 through the fine-tuning screw 530, so as to achieve the purpose of fine-tuning the position of the second probe 610. The range of fine-tuning is limited by the damping of the fine-tuning spring 560 and the length of the guide column 570. When the fine-tuning spring 560 is detached from the slider 440 or the fine-tuning spring 560 is compressed to the same length as the guide column 570, fine-tuning can no longer be performed. In the embodiment of the present invention, the range of fine-tuning is 1 mm.

[0067] In some embodiments of the present invention, the measuring range of the internal measuring fixture is 15 mm to 300 mm. The minimum measuring range corresponds to the situation where the distance between the second rod 432 and the probe connecting rod 310 is the smallest and the locking fine-tuning device 500 is located at the edge of the guide rail 200. The maximum measuring range is mainly limited by the length of the guide rail 200. The above measuring range is much larger than that of traditional measuring fixtures. In actual applications, the dimensions of the various components of the internal measuring fixture described in the present invention can be adjusted according to the needs of the use scenario to adjust the measuring range of the assembled internal measuring fixture.

[0068] In the embodiment of the present invention, the modular internal testing fixture also includes standard blocks of various standard sizes and structures. Figure 17 In practical applications, standard blocks of various standard sizes and structures can be produced according to common workpiece sizes to calibrate the internal measuring fixture. Figure 18 Schematic diagram of the standard block measurement method.

[0069] The internal measuring tool provided by the embodiment of the present invention can be used not only to measure the inner diameter, but also to measure other dimensions inside the workpiece. Figure 19-20 The figures show the internal test tool measurement provided by the embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 、 Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the measurement of the workpiece structure shown, Figure 19 The figure shows the measurement of the inner diameter of a grooved ring structure. Figure 20 Shown are the distance measurements between waist grooves of different belt inner grooves.

[0070] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a measurement method for measuring the dimensions of a workpiece using the modular internal measuring fixture as described above. The method comprises the following steps:

[0071] Step S1: Use the upper limit size standard block to zero the micrometer of the internal measuring fixture, and then lock the main measuring device through the locking fine-tuning device.

[0072] In practical applications, prepare upper limit size standard blocks and lower limit size standard blocks according to the tolerance range of the workpiece. In the absence of standard blocks, traditional measuring tools such as outside micrometers can also be used to replace the upper limit standard blocks and lower limit standard blocks. First, adjust the distance between the two probes to an appropriate value according to the size of the workpiece. For example, when measuring a workpiece with a standard size of 30mm, adjust the distance between the first probe and the second probe to 30mm. Figures 18-20 , place the upper limit size standard block or outside micrometer flush with the outward-facing side of the vertical plate of the internal measuring fixture. Adjust the position of the workpiece and the second rod. Use the fine-tuning screw to fine-tune the position of the second probe until the first and second probes contact and lock with the standard block at the point to be measured. For annular standard blocks, rotate the standard block to achieve the same locking effect at multiple measurement positions. Then, adjust the micrometer to zero and lock the main measuring device. Nothing on the main support base will move; only the right-angle adapter rod can be rotated.

[0073] Step S2: Measure the lower limit size standard block and record the reading of the dial indicator as the standard deviation value of the upper and lower limit sizes.

[0074] When measuring the lower limit size standard block, rotate the right-angle adapter rod counterclockwise until the first probe and the second probe are aligned with the lower limit size standard block. At this time, the reading of the micrometer is the allowable error range.

[0075] Step S3, measuring the workpiece to be measured, and comparing the reading of the dial indicator with the standard deviation values ​​of the upper and lower limit sizes. If the reading of the dial indicator is greater than the standard deviation values ​​of the upper and lower limit sizes, it means that the actual size of the workpiece is smaller than the lower limit of the design size. If the reading of the dial indicator is less than zero, it means that the actual size of the workpiece exceeds the upper limit of the design size. Otherwise, it means that the actual size of the workpiece meets the tolerance.

[0076] Alternatively, the micrometer indicator may be zeroed using the lower limit size standard block in step S1, and the lower limit size standard block may be measured in step S2, with the micrometer indicator reading recorded as the standard deviation value. Then, in step S3, when the reading deviation is judged, the conclusion is the opposite, that is, if the micrometer indicator reading is greater than the standard deviation value of the upper and lower limit sizes, it indicates that the actual size of the workpiece is greater than the upper limit of the design size; if the micrometer indicator reading is less than zero, it indicates that the actual size of the workpiece exceeds the lower limit of the design size; otherwise, it indicates that the actual size of the workpiece meets the tolerance.

[0077] The above method has simple steps, is easy to operate, and does not rely heavily on the operator's skills. Through the above steps, it can be quickly determined whether the size of the measured workpiece meets production requirements. It is particularly suitable for scenarios where large quantities of parts are quickly inspected.

[0078] The probe, right-angle connecting rod, and fixed reference seat of the embodiment of the present invention have a simple structural design and are easy to process and form. The above materials will not generate too much economic burden as consumable auxiliary materials in the production process. The other structures of the internal measuring fixture can be reused, which extends the service life of the internal measuring fixture and saves costs. By adjusting the probe, right-angle connecting rod, and fixed reference seat of the internal measuring fixture, it is easy to adapt to the detection requirements of the inner diameter and inner groove of different part sizes, shapes, and materials, and solves the problem that ordinary measuring tools cannot measure special structures such as concave deep square grooves and concave ball grooves. At the same time, with the help of the slide rail, a larger measuring stroke can be achieved, which improves the problem of limited range of conventional inspection tools. A set of internal measuring tools can replace multiple sets of traditional inspection tools such as internal diameter micrometers with different ranges.

[0079] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: the modular internal measuring fixture provided by the present invention includes a base, a guide rail, a fixed reference seat, and a main body measuring device; the main body measuring device includes a micrometer, a main body support seat, a right-angle adapter rod, and a slider; the fixed reference seat is fixed to one end of the base, and a first probe is detachably provided on the fixed reference seat; the guide rail is fixed to the base, the slider is slidably connected to the guide rail, and the main body support seat is fixed to the slider; the right-angle adapter rod includes a first rod and a second rod perpendicular to each other, the right-angle adapter rod is rotatably installed in the main body support seat, the micrometer is fixedly installed in the main body support seat, the first rod of the right-angle adapter rod abuts against the probe of the micrometer to convert the measurement in the horizontal direction into the measurement in the vertical direction, and the second rod is detachably provided with a second probe. The internal measuring fixture of the present invention is easy to operate and has low skill requirements for the operator. The probe, right-angle adapter rod, and fixed reference base are all detachable, and the structure is simple. It can be customized as needed to meet the measurement requirements of different depths, different complex structures and materials. It solves the problem that traditional measuring tools are difficult to measure the dimensions of complex structures. The slide rail increases the measuring range, and the replaceable components reduce the maintenance cost of the measuring tool, thereby improving the applicability and service life of the measuring tool.

[0080] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and cannot be used to limit the scope of the present invention. Equal changes made by ordinary technicians in this technical field based on this creation, as well as changes well known to technicians in this field, should still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A modular internal testing fixture, characterized in that: The modular internal testing fixture comprises a base (100), a guide rail (200), a fixed reference seat (300), a main body measuring device (400), and a locking fine-tuning device (500); The base (100) is an L-shaped structure, comprising a bottom plate (110) and a vertical plate (120); a first groove (111) is provided in the center of the bottom plate (110) and is arranged along the length direction of the bottom plate, and the guide rail (200) is fixedly installed in the first groove (111); The fixed reference seat (300) is detachably provided at the first end of the base (100), a probe connecting rod (310) is provided on the fixed reference seat (300), and a first probe (600) is detachably provided at the end of the probe connecting rod (310); The main body measuring device (400) comprises a micrometer (410), a main body support seat (420), a right-angle transfer rod (430), and a slider (440); the slider (440) is slidably connected to the guide rail (200); the main body support seat (420) is fixedly connected to the slider (440); the right-angle transfer rod (430) is rotatably mounted in the main body support seat (420); the micrometer (410) is fixedly mounted in the main body support seat (420); the right-angle transfer rod (430) comprises a first rod (431) and a second rod (432) perpendicular to each other; the first rod (431) is located in the main body support seat (420) and abuts against the probe of the micrometer (410); the end of the second rod (432) is detachably provided with a second probe (610); The second rod (432) and the probe connecting rod (310) have sizes that match each other; The locking fine-adjusting device (500) is located on one side of the first end of the main body measuring device (400) facing the base (100) and is fixedly connected to the main body measuring device (400). The locking fine-adjusting device (500) is used to lock and fine-adjust the position of the main body measuring device (400); The locking fine-tuning device (500) comprises a fine-tuning pressure plate (510), a locking screw (520), a fine-tuning screw (530), a fine-tuning fixed slider (540), a top block (550), a fine-tuning spring (560), and a guide column (570); the fine-tuning fixed slider (540) is slidably connected to the guide rail (200), and the top block (550) is fixed to the bottom of the fine-tuning fixed slider (540); the fine-tuning pressure plate (510) comprises a pressure plate (511) and a side plate (512) vertically connected to each other; the first end of the pressure plate (511) is located above the fine-tuning fixed slider (540), the second end of the pressure plate (511) is located between the slider (440) and the main support seat (420), and the side plate (512) is located between the slider (440) and the main support seat (420). 2) Located on the side of the fine-tuning fixed slider (540) away from the slider (440), the first end of the pressure plate (511) is provided with a waist-shaped groove (513), the locking screw (520) passes through the waist-shaped groove (513) and is fixedly connected to the fine-tuning fixed slider (540), and the end of the locking screw (520) abuts against the top block (550); two guide pillars (570) are provided on an end face of the fine-tuning fixed slider (540) close to the main measuring device (400), and each guide pillar (570) is provided with a fine-tuning spring (560); the fine-tuning screw (530) passes through the fine-tuning screw fixing hole (514) on the side plate (512) and is fixedly connected to the fine-tuning fixed slider (540).

2. The modular internal testing fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed reference seat (300) further comprises a base plate connecting portion (320) and a transition portion (330); the base plate connecting portion (320) is fixedly connected to the base plate (110), and the transition portion (330) is located between the base plate connecting portion (320) and the probe connecting rod (310); the probe connecting rod (310) extends in a direction perpendicular to the vertical plate (120) away from the base plate (110), and a first probe (600) is detachably provided on a side of the end of the probe connecting rod (310) facing the first end of the base (100).

3. The modular internal testing fixture according to claim 2, characterized in that: The measuring rod (411) of the micrometer is perpendicular to the guide rail (200), and the measuring head of the micrometer (410) faces the vertical plate (120); the second rod (432) is located outside the main body support seat (420) and extends in a direction away from the bottom plate (110); the end of the second rod (432) faces the second end of the base (100) and is detachably provided with a second measuring head (610); when the second rod (432) is parallel to the measuring head connecting rod (310), the line connecting the first measuring head (600) and the second measuring head (610) is perpendicular to the measuring rod (411) of the micrometer.

4. The modular internal testing fixture according to claim 3, characterized in that: The modular internal measuring fixture of the component also includes a right-angle transfer rod limit screw (433), which is fixed in the main body support seat (420) and is used to limit the extreme position of the rotation of the first rod (431); the modular internal measuring fixture of the component also includes a micrometer measuring rod limit spring (412), which is sleeved on the outside of the measuring rod (411) of the micrometer.

5. The modular internal testing fixture according to claim 3, characterized in that: The modular internal measuring fixture of the component also includes a dial indicator mounting hole (423) and a dial indicator fixing screw (414), the dial indicator (410) is inserted into the dial indicator mounting hole (423), and the dial indicator fixing screw (414) is fixed to the side surface of the main body support seat (420) close to the first end of the base (100) and abuts against the fixing rod (413) of the dial indicator.

6. The modular internal testing fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The modular internal measuring and inspection tool of the component comprises a plurality of right-angle transfer rods (430) and the fixed reference seat (300) of different sizes for use together; the first rods (431) of the plurality of right-angle transfer rods (430) are of the same size, the second rods (432) are of different sizes, and the probe connecting rods (310) of the plurality of fixed reference seats (300) are of different lengths; the modular internal measuring and inspection tool of the component further comprises first probes (600) and second probes (610) of various sizes and structures, the bottoms of the first probes (600) and the second probes (610) being threaded structures, and the first probes (600) and the second probes (610) being fixedly connected to the probe connecting rod (310) and the second rod (432) respectively through threads.

7. The modular internal testing fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first probe (600) and the second probe (610) are made of wear-resistant and low-hardness materials, including POM, copper, and aluminum alloy; the right-angle transfer rod (430) and the fixed reference seat (300) are made of corrosion-resistant rigid materials, including 304 stainless steel and 316 stainless steel.

8. The modular internal testing fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The modular internal testing fixture also includes standard blocks of various standard sizes and structures.

9. A measurement method for measuring workpiece dimensions using the modular internal measuring fixture according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step S1, using an upper limit size standard block to zero the micrometer of the internal measuring fixture, and then locking the main measuring device through the locking fine-adjustment device; Step S2, measuring the lower limit size standard block, and recording the reading of the dial indicator as the standard deviation value of the upper and lower limit sizes; Step S3, measuring the workpiece to be measured, and comparing the reading of the dial indicator with the standard deviation values ​​of the upper and lower limit sizes. If the reading of the dial indicator is greater than the standard deviation values ​​of the upper and lower limit sizes, it means that the actual size of the workpiece is smaller than the lower limit of the design size. If the reading of the dial indicator is less than zero, it means that the actual size of the workpiece exceeds the upper limit of the design size. Otherwise, it means that the actual size of the workpiece meets the tolerance.

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