Looped net box control device and control method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of ring network box control device and control method thereof, belong to electric power ring network cabinet field, a kind of ring network box control device, including microenvironment controller, microenvironment controller includes air sampling cabinet, air sampling cabinet is located at the outside of ring network box, the top of air sampling cabinet is equipped with dust particle counter, the sample inlet of dust particle counter is communicated with air sampling cabinet inside, the air inlet of air sampling cabinet is communicated with first fan, air sampling cabinet is provided with two gas outlets, the two gas outlets of air sampling cabinet are communicated second fan, third fan respectively, air filter is installed between the air sampling cabinet gas outlet that second fan is communicated with its corresponding, and air exhaust pipe is provided on the side wall of ring network box;The microenvironment controller further includes outside environment temperature sensor, inside environment temperature sensor and intelligent control module.The application solves the problem that the temperature difference between inside and outside ring network box is obvious, which can cause thermal stress between components in ring network box.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of power ring main units and relates to a ring main unit control device and its control method. Background Technology

[0002] A ring main unit, also known as a switching station, is an important piece of equipment used in power distribution systems. It is typically installed between distribution transformers and distribution cabinets for connecting, distributing, and protecting the power system, as well as controlling and distributing current.

[0003] The significant temperature difference between the internal and external environments of the ring network box can cause thermal stress between the components inside the box. This thermal stress may cause material deformation, affecting the connection and fit accuracy between components, and may lead to loosening, breakage or failure of components in the long run. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a ring main unit control device and control method that solves the problem that significant temperature differences between the inside and outside of the ring main unit can lead to thermal stress between the internal components of the ring main unit.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows:

[0006] A ring network box control device includes a micro-environment controller. The micro-environment controller includes an air sampling cabinet located outside the ring network box. A dust particle counter is installed on the top of the air sampling cabinet. The inlet of the dust particle counter is connected to the interior of the air sampling cabinet. The air inlet of the air sampling cabinet is connected to a first fan. The outlet of the first fan is connected to the air inlet of the air sampling cabinet. The air sampling cabinet has two outlets, which are respectively connected to a second fan and a third fan. An air filter is installed between the second fan and its corresponding air outlet of the air sampling cabinet. The inlet of the air filter is connected to the air outlet of the air sampling cabinet, and the outlet of the air filter is connected to the inlet of the second fan. The outlets of the second and third fans are both connected to the interior of the ring network box. An exhaust pipe is provided on the side wall of the ring network box, and the exhaust pipe is arranged opposite to the second and third fans about the ring network box.

[0007] The microenvironment controller also includes an external environment temperature sensor, an internal environment temperature sensor, and an intelligent control module. The external environment temperature sensor is installed on the outer wall of the ring network box, and the internal environment temperature sensor is installed on the inner wall of the ring network box.

[0008] The intelligent control module collects the ambient temperature T1 from the external ambient temperature sensor and the internal ambient temperature T2 from the internal ambient temperature sensor, and obtains the absolute value ΔT of the difference between T1 and T2. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0009] ΔT = |T1 - T2|;

[0010] When ΔT is greater than 3℃, the intelligent control module controls the first fan and dust particle counter to turn on. The first fan blows the outside air into the air sampling cabinet. The dust particle counter measures the concentration of solid matter and the average particle size of solid matter in the air sampling cabinet. The intelligent control module presets the threshold values ​​for the concentration of solid matter and the average particle size of solid matter that can directly enter the ring network box.

[0011] When the concentration of solid matter in the air and the average particle size of solid matter measured by the dust particle counter obtained by the intelligent control module are both less than or equal to the threshold values ​​of the concentration of solid matter in the air and the average particle size of solid matter, the intelligent control module controls the third fan to start. The third fan blows air into the ring network box quickly to balance the internal temperature of the ring network box to less than 3℃.

[0012] When either the concentration of solid matter in the air or the average particle size of solid matter measured by the dust particle counter obtained by the intelligent control module exceeds the threshold for the concentration of solid matter in the air and the threshold for the average particle size of solid matter, the intelligent control module controls the second fan to start. The air inside the air sampling cabinet passes through the air filter and then through the second fan into the ring network box, balancing the temperature inside the ring network box to ΔT less than 3℃.

[0013] This invention first sets a threshold (3℃) for the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the ring main unit. When the temperature difference exceeds 3℃, the intelligent control module will control the fan to start, and the fan will blow external air into the ring main unit. Since an exhaust pipe is installed on the side wall of the ring main unit, the external air will squeeze the gas inside the ring main unit out of the exhaust pipe, thereby realizing gas exchange inside the ring main unit and effectively reducing the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the ring main unit. When the temperature difference is within 3℃, no thermal stress will be generated between the components inside the ring main unit, thus solving the problem that a significant temperature difference between the inside and outside of the ring main unit will lead to thermal stress between the components inside the ring main unit.

[0014] In different operating environments, the air quality outside the ring main unit varies. If the solid content in the air is too high or the average particle size of the solids is too large, it will not only clog the fan and affect the fan's temperature regulation efficiency, but the solids in the air will also adhere to the surfaces of the components inside the ring main unit, affecting the heat exchange between the components and the air blown in from the outside. Therefore, this invention is equipped with a micro-environment controller, which can select the appropriate air duct to blow air into the ring main unit according to the air quality, ensuring that the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the ring main unit can be quickly balanced.

[0015] Furthermore, the air sampling cabinet, the first fan, the second fan, and the third fan are respectively connected and fixed to the base of the ring network box via support frames.

[0016] Furthermore, the air filter includes a hollow cylindrical shell with multiple filter elements installed inside. All filter elements are connected sequentially along the axial direction of the shell. An air inlet pipe is provided at one end of the shell, and an air outlet pipe is provided at the other end of the shell. The air inlet pipe of the shell is connected to the air sampling cabinet, and the air outlet pipe of the shell is connected to the second fan.

[0017] Furthermore, the ring network box is also equipped with a humidity sensor and an image acquisition device. Both the humidity sensor and the image acquisition device are electrically connected to the intelligent control module. The intelligent control module acquires the data collected by the humidity sensor and the image acquisition device and monitors the internal environment of the ring network box.

[0018] Furthermore, the multiple filter elements inside the housing include an activated carbon filter element, a molecular sieve filter element, and a polymer resin adsorption filter element connected sequentially along the axial direction of the housing, with the activated carbon filter element being closest to the air intake pipe.

[0019] Furthermore, the air inlet of the exhaust pipe is connected to the inside of the ring network box, and the air outlet of the exhaust pipe is detachably connected to a blockage.

[0020] A control method for a ring main unit control device includes the following steps:

[0021] S1. The intelligent control module collects the ambient temperature T1 from the external ambient temperature sensor and the internal ambient temperature T2 from the internal ambient temperature sensor, and obtains the absolute value ΔT of the difference between T1 and T2. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0022] ΔT = |T1 - T2|;

[0023] S2. When ΔT is greater than 3℃, the intelligent control module controls the first fan and dust particle counter to turn on. The first fan blows the outside air into the air sampling cabinet. The dust particle counter measures the concentration of solid matter in the air and the average particle size of solid matter in the air sampling cabinet. The intelligent control module presets the threshold values ​​of solid matter concentration and average particle size of solid matter that can directly enter the ring network box.

[0024] S3. When the concentration of solid matter in the air and the average particle size of solid matter measured by the dust particle counter obtained by the intelligent control module are both less than or equal to the threshold of the concentration of solid matter in the air and the threshold of the average particle size of solid matter, the intelligent control module controls the third fan to start. The third fan blows air into the ring network box quickly to balance the internal temperature of the ring network box to less than 3℃.

[0025] S4. When either the concentration of solid matter in the air or the average particle size of solid matter measured by the dust particle counter obtained by the intelligent control module is greater than the threshold for the concentration of solid matter in the air or the threshold for the average particle size of solid matter, the intelligent control module controls the second fan to start. The air inside the air sampling cabinet passes through the air filter and then through the second fan into the mesh box, balancing the temperature inside the mesh box until ΔT is less than 3℃.

[0026] Furthermore, when either the air solids concentration or the average particle size measured by the dust particle counter, obtained by the intelligent control module, exceeds the air solids concentration threshold and the average particle size threshold, the intelligent control module controls the second fan to start. The air inside the air sampling cabinet passes through the air filter and then through the second fan into the mesh box, balancing the temperature inside the mesh box until ΔT is less than 3℃. When the air passes through the air filter, the pressure drop across the air filter is measured by the differential pressure sensor, and the air velocity passing through the air filter is obtained based on the pressure drop, which is called the filtration velocity. Then, based on the filtration velocity of the air filter, combined with the standard inlet velocity V of the second fan at the preset wind speed, the second fan is activated. 标 The filtration speed of the air filter is obtained as a function of V. 标 The speed difference is used to increase the wind speed of the second fan so that the filtration speed of the air filter matches V. 标 The velocity difference is less than 0.2 m / s;

[0027] The method for measuring the filtration speed of air passing through an air filter is as follows:

[0028] Establish a data model: Select multiple sets of different airborne solids concentrations and average particle sizes, measure the filter pressure drop ΔP and filtration velocity v under these conditions, and establish a pressure drop-filtration velocity relationship model ΔP=k*v. n ;

[0029] Data fitting: Input multiple sets of filtration velocities v and corresponding pressure drops ΔP into nonlinear regression analysis, use MATLAB or Python's SciPy to perform data fitting, determine the most suitable data curve through the least squares method, and obtain the values ​​of k and n;

[0030] Model validation: Use independent experimental data to validate the predictive accuracy of the model's k and n values;

[0031] Filtration rate determination: The pressure drop ΔP across the air filter is measured using a differential pressure sensor. The intelligent control module then uses the pressure drop ΔP and the pressure drop-filtration rate relationship model ΔP=k*v to determine the filtration rate. n The filtration speed v is obtained.

[0032] In this invention, the air filter reduces the airflow velocity compared to a free-flowing duct. To ensure that the airflow velocity at the outlet of the second fan meets the preset wind speed under actual use, this invention measures the actual velocity of air passing through the air filter, obtaining the filtration velocity of the air filter and V. 标 The speed difference is used to increase the wind speed of the second fan so that the filtration speed of the air filter matches V. 标 The speed difference is less than 0.2m / s. When the air filter blocks the air, the present invention compensates for the air intake speed of the second fan to ensure that the air outlet speed meets the preset air outlet speed and can quickly balance the temperature difference inside and outside the ring network box.

[0033] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0034] 1. The ring network box control device of the present invention realizes gas exchange inside the ring network box, which can effectively reduce the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the ring network box. When the temperature difference is within 3°C, thermal stress will not be generated between the components inside the ring network box, thus solving the problem that the obvious temperature difference between the inside and outside of the ring network box will lead to thermal stress between the components inside the ring network box.

[0035] 2. The present invention is equipped with a micro-environment controller, which can select a suitable air duct to blow air into the ring network box according to the air quality, so as to ensure that the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the ring network box can be quickly balanced.

[0036] 3. The control method of the ring network box control device of the present invention compensates for the air intake speed of the second fan to ensure that the air outlet speed meets the preset air outlet speed, and can quickly balance the temperature difference inside and outside the ring network box. Attached Figure Description

[0037] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort, wherein:

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a ring network box control device according to the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the air filter structure of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the method for measuring the filtration speed of the air filter according to the present invention.

[0041] The markings in the diagram are: 1-Air sampling cabinet, 2-Ring mesh box, 3-Dust particle counter, 4-First fan, 5-Second fan, 6-Third fan, 7-Air filter, 8-Exhaust pipe, 9-Support frame, 10-External ambient temperature sensor, 11-Internal ambient temperature sensor, 21-Base, 71-Outer shell, 72-Filter element, 73-Inlet pipe, 74-Outlet pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0042] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining the invention and are not intended to limit the invention; that is, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0043] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0044] It should be noted that relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0045] The features and performance of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments.

[0046] Example 1:

[0047] like Figure 1 , 2As shown in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, a ring network box control device includes a micro-environment controller. The micro-environment controller includes an air sampling cabinet 1, which is located outside the ring network box 2. A dust particle counter 3 is installed on the top of the air sampling cabinet 1. The inlet of the dust particle counter 3 is connected to the interior of the air sampling cabinet 1. A first fan 4 is connected to the air inlet of the air sampling cabinet 1. The outlet of the first fan 4 is connected to the air inlet of the air sampling cabinet 1. The air sampling cabinet 1 has two air outlets for air sampling. The two air outlets of cabinet 1 are connected to the second fan 5 and the third fan 6 respectively. An air filter 7 is installed between the second fan 5 and the corresponding air outlet of the air sampling cabinet 1. The air inlet of the air filter 7 is connected to the air outlet of the air sampling cabinet 1, and the air outlet of the air filter 7 is connected to the air inlet of the second fan 5. The air outlets of the second fan 5 and the third fan 6 are both connected to the interior of the ring network box 2. An exhaust pipe 8 is provided on the side wall of the ring network box 2. The exhaust pipe 8 is arranged opposite to the second fan 5 and the third fan 6 about the ring network box 2.

[0048] The microenvironment controller also includes an external environment temperature sensor 10, an internal environment temperature sensor 11, and an intelligent control module. The external environment temperature sensor 10 is installed on the outer wall of the ring network box 2, and the internal environment temperature sensor 11 is installed on the inner wall of the ring network box 2.

[0049] The intelligent control module collects the ambient temperature T1 from the ambient temperature sensor 10 and the ambient temperature T2 from the internal temperature sensor 11, and obtains the absolute value ΔT of the difference between T1 and T2. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0050] ΔT = |T1 - T2|;

[0051] When ΔT is greater than 3℃, the intelligent control module controls the first fan 4 and the dust particle counter 3 to turn on. The first fan blows the outside air into the air sampling cabinet 1. The dust particle counter 3 measures the concentration of solid matter in the air and the average particle size of solid matter in the air sampling cabinet 1. The intelligent control module presets the threshold values ​​of the concentration of solid matter in the air and the average particle size of solid matter that can directly enter the ring network box 2.

[0052] When the concentration of solid matter in the air and the average particle size of solid matter measured by the dust particle counter 3 obtained by the intelligent control module are both less than or equal to the threshold of the concentration of solid matter in the air and the threshold of the average particle size of solid matter, the intelligent control module controls the third fan 6 to start. The third fan 6 blows air into the ring network box 2 quickly to balance the internal temperature of the ring network box 2 to less than 3℃.

[0053] When either the concentration of solid matter in the air or the average particle size of solid matter measured by the dust particle counter 3, obtained by the intelligent control module, exceeds the threshold for the concentration of solid matter in the air or the threshold for the average particle size of solid matter, the intelligent control module controls the second fan 5 to start. The air inside the air sampling cabinet 1 passes through the air filter 7 and then through the second fan 5 into the ring network box 2, balancing the temperature inside the ring network box 2 until ΔT is less than 3℃.

[0054] The air sampling cabinet 1, the first fan 4, the second fan 5, and the third fan 6 are respectively connected and fixed to the base 21 of the ring network box 2 via the support frame 9.

[0055] The air filter 7 includes a hollow cylindrical shell 71, inside which multiple filter elements 72 are installed. All filter elements 72 are connected sequentially along the axial direction of the shell 71. One end of the shell 71 is provided with an air inlet pipe 73, and the other end of the shell 71 is provided with an air outlet pipe 74. The air inlet pipe 73 of the shell 71 is connected to the air sampling cabinet 1, and the air outlet pipe 74 of the shell 71 is connected to the second fan 5.

[0056] The ring network box 2 is also equipped with a humidity sensor and an image acquisition device. Both the humidity sensor and the image acquisition device are electrically connected to the intelligent control module. The intelligent control module acquires the data collected by the humidity sensor and the image acquisition device and monitors the internal environment of the ring network box 2.

[0057] The multiple filter elements 72 inside the housing 71 include an activated carbon filter element, a molecular sieve filter element, and a polymer resin adsorption filter element connected sequentially along the axial direction of the housing 71, with the activated carbon filter element being closest to the air intake pipe 73.

[0058] The air inlet of the exhaust pipe 8 is connected to the inside of the ring network box 2, and the air outlet of the exhaust pipe 8 is detachably connected to a blockage.

[0059] This invention first sets a threshold (3℃) for the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the ring main unit. When the temperature difference exceeds 3℃, the intelligent control module will control the fan to start, and the fan will blow external air into the ring main unit. Since an exhaust pipe is installed on the side wall of the ring main unit, the external air will squeeze the gas inside the ring main unit out of the exhaust pipe, thereby realizing gas exchange inside the ring main unit and effectively reducing the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the ring main unit. When the temperature difference is within 3℃, no thermal stress will be generated between the components inside the ring main unit, thus solving the problem that a significant temperature difference between the inside and outside of the ring main unit will lead to thermal stress between the components inside the ring main unit.

[0060] In different operating environments, the air quality outside the ring main unit varies. If the solid content in the air is too high or the average particle size of the solids is too large, it will not only clog the fan and affect the fan's temperature regulation efficiency, but the solids in the air will also adhere to the surfaces of the components inside the ring main unit, affecting the heat exchange between the components and the air blown in from the outside. Therefore, this invention is equipped with a micro-environment controller, which can select the appropriate air duct to blow air into the ring main unit according to the air quality, ensuring that the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the ring main unit can be quickly balanced.

[0061] Example 2:

[0062] Based on Embodiment 1, this embodiment provides a control method for a ring main unit control device, which includes the following steps:

[0063] S1. The intelligent control module collects the ambient temperature T1 from the ambient temperature sensor 10 and the internal ambient temperature T2 from the internal ambient temperature sensor 11, and obtains the absolute value ΔT of the difference between T1 and T2. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0064] ΔT = |T1 - T2|;

[0065] S2. When ΔT is greater than 3℃, the intelligent control module controls the first fan 4 and the dust particle counter 3 to turn on. The first fan blows the outside air into the air sampling cabinet 1. The dust particle counter 3 measures the concentration of solid matter in the air and the average particle size of solid matter in the air sampling cabinet 1. The intelligent control module presets the threshold values ​​of solid matter concentration and average particle size of solid matter that can directly enter the ring network box 2.

[0066] S3. When the concentration of solid matter in the air and the average particle size of solid matter measured by the dust particle counter 3 obtained by the intelligent control module are both less than or equal to the threshold of solid matter concentration in the air and the threshold of average particle size of solid matter, the intelligent control module controls the third fan 6 to start. The third fan 6 blows air into the ring network box 2 quickly to balance the internal temperature of the ring network box 2 to less than 3℃.

[0067] S4. When either the concentration of solid matter in the air or the average particle size of solid matter measured by the dust particle counter 3 obtained by the intelligent control module is greater than the threshold for the concentration of solid matter in the air or the threshold for the average particle size of solid matter, the intelligent control module controls the second fan 5 to start. The air inside the air sampling cabinet 1 passes through the air filter 7 and then through the second fan 5 into the mesh box 2, balancing the temperature inside the mesh box 2 until ΔT is less than 3℃.

[0068] Example 3:

[0069] Based on Example 2, such as Figure 3As shown in this embodiment, when either the air solid concentration or the average particle size of the solid particles measured by the dust particle counter 3 obtained by the intelligent control module exceeds the air solid concentration threshold and the average particle size threshold, the intelligent control module controls the second fan 5 to start. The air inside the air sampling cabinet 1 passes through the air filter 7 and then through the second fan 5 into the ring network box 2, balancing the temperature inside the ring network box 2 to ΔT less than 3℃. When the air passes through the air filter 7, the pressure drop across the air filter 7 is measured by the differential pressure sensor, and the speed of the air passing through the air filter 7 is obtained based on the pressure drop across the air filter 7, which is called the filtration speed. Then, based on the filtration speed of the air filter 7, combined with the standard inlet air velocity V of the second fan 5 at the preset wind speed, the second fan 5 is activated. 标 The filtration speed of air filter 7 and V were obtained. 标 The speed difference is used to increase the wind speed of the second fan 5 so that the filtration speed of the air filter 7 is equal to that of V. 标 The velocity difference is less than 0.2 m / s;

[0070] The method for measuring the filtration speed of air passing through air filter 7 is as follows:

[0071] Establish a data model: Select multiple sets of different airborne solids concentrations and average particle sizes, measure the filter pressure drop ΔP and filtration velocity v under these conditions, and establish a pressure drop-filtration velocity relationship model ΔP=k*v n ;

[0072] Data fitting: Input multiple sets of filtration velocities v and corresponding pressure drops ΔP into nonlinear regression analysis, use MATLAB or Python's SciPy to perform data fitting, determine the most suitable data curve through the least squares method, and obtain the values ​​of k and n;

[0073] Model validation: Use independent experimental data to validate the predictive accuracy of the model's k and n values;

[0074] Filtration rate determination: The pressure drop ΔP across the air filter 7 is measured using a differential pressure sensor. The intelligent control module then uses the pressure drop ΔP and the pressure drop-filtration rate relationship model ΔP=k*v to determine the filtration rate. n The filtration speed v is obtained.

[0075] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made by those skilled in the art within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ring main unit control device characterized by: The micro environment controller comprises an air sampling cabinet (1), which is located outside a ring network box (2), and a dust particle counter (3) is installed on the top of the air sampling cabinet (1), the sampling inlet of the dust particle counter (3) is communicated with the inside of the air sampling cabinet (1), the air inlet of the air sampling cabinet (1) is communicated with a first fan (4), the air outlet of the first fan (4) is communicated with the air inlet of the air sampling cabinet (1), the air sampling cabinet (1) is provided with two air outlets, the two air outlets of the air sampling cabinet (1) are respectively communicated with a second fan (5) and a third fan (6), an air filter (7) is installed between the air outlet of the air sampling cabinet (1) corresponding to the second fan (5) and the second fan (5), the air inlet of the air filter (7) is communicated with the air outlet of the air sampling cabinet (1), the air outlet of the air filter (7) is communicated with the air inlet of the second fan (5), the air outlets of the second fan (5) and the third fan (6) are both communicated with the inside of the ring network box (2), and an exhaust pipe (8) is arranged on the side wall of the ring network box (2) and is oppositely arranged with the second fan (5) and the third fan (6) relative to the ring network box (2). The micro environment controller further comprises an external environment temperature sensor (10), an internal environment temperature sensor (11) and an intelligent control module, the external environment temperature sensor (10) is installed on the outer side wall of the ring network box (2), and the internal environment temperature sensor (11) is installed on the inner wall of the ring network box (2). The intelligent control module collects the external environment temperature T1 of the external environment temperature sensor (10) and the internal environment temperature T2 of the internal environment temperature sensor (11) and obtains the absolute value ΔT of the difference between T1 and T2, and the calculation formula is as follows: ΔT=|T1-T2|; When ΔT is greater than 3℃, the intelligent control module controls the first fan (4) and the dust particle counter (3) to start, the first fan blows the external air into the air sampling cabinet (1), the dust particle counter (3) measures the air solid concentration and the average particle size of solid matters in the air sampling cabinet (1), and the air solid concentration threshold value and the average particle size threshold value of the air that can directly enter the inside of the ring network box (2) are preset in the intelligent control module. When the air solid concentration and the average particle size of solid matters measured by the dust particle counter (3) and obtained by the intelligent control module are less than or equal to the air solid concentration threshold value and the average particle size threshold value at the same time, the intelligent control module controls the third fan (6) to start, the third fan (6) blows the air into the ring network box (2) quickly, and the internal temperature of the ring network box (2) is balanced to be less than 3℃. When any one of the air solid concentration and the average particle size of solid matters measured by the dust particle counter (3) and obtained by the intelligent control module is greater than the air solid concentration threshold value and the average particle size threshold value, the intelligent control module controls the second fan (5) to start, the air in the air sampling cabinet (1) enters the ring network box (2) after passing through the air filter (7) and the second fan (5), and the internal temperature of the ring network box (2) is balanced to be less than 3℃.

2. The ring main unit control device according to claim 1, characterized by: The air sampling cabinet (1), the first fan (4), the second fan (5) and the third fan (6) are connected and fixed with the base (21) of the ring network box (2) through the support frame (9) respectively.

3. The ring main unit control device according to claim 1, characterized by: The air filter (7) comprises a hollow cylindrical shell (71), a plurality of filter elements (72) are mounted in the shell (71), all the filter elements (72) are sequentially connected along the axial direction of the shell (71), one end of the shell (71) is provided with an air inlet pipe (73), the other end of the shell (71) is provided with an air outlet pipe (74), the air inlet pipe (73) of the shell (71) is communicated with the air sampling cabinet (1), and the air outlet pipe (74) of the shell (71) is communicated with the second fan (5).

4. The ring main unit control device according to claim 1, characterized by: The ring network box (2) is further provided with a humidity sensor and an image acquisition device, and the humidity sensor and the image acquisition device are electrically connected with the intelligent control module.

5. The ring box control device of claim 3, wherein: The plurality of filter elements (72) in the shell (71) comprise an activated carbon filter element, a molecular sieve filter element and a high molecular resin adsorption filter element which are sequentially connected along the axial direction of the shell (71), and the activated carbon filter element is closest to the air inlet pipe (73).

6. The ring box control device of claim 1, wherein: The air inlet of the exhaust pipe (8) is communicated with the inside of the ring network box (2), and the air outlet of the exhaust pipe (8) is detachably connected with a plug.

7. The control method of the ring main unit control device according to claim 1, characterized by: The method comprises the following steps: S1, the intelligent control module collects the external environment temperature T1 of the external environment temperature sensor (10) and the internal environment temperature T2 of the internal environment temperature sensor (11) and obtains the absolute value ΔT of the difference between T1 and T2, and the calculation formula is: ΔT = |T1-T2|; S2, when ΔT is greater than 3℃, the intelligent control module controls the first fan (4) and the dust particle counter (3) to start, the first fan blows the external air into the air sampling cabinet (1), and the dust particle counter (3) measures the air solid concentration and the average particle size of the solid in the air sampling cabinet (1), and the air solid concentration threshold and the average particle size threshold of the solid which can directly enter the inside of the ring network box (2) are preset in the intelligent control module; S3, when the air solid concentration and the average particle size of the solid measured by the dust particle counter (3) obtained by the intelligent control module are less than or equal to the air solid concentration threshold and the average particle size threshold of the solid at the same time, the intelligent control module controls the third fan (6) to start, the third fan (6) blows the air into the ring network box (2) quickly, and the temperature inside the ring network box (2) is balanced to ΔT less than 3℃; S4, when any one of the air solid concentration and the average particle size of the solid measured by the dust particle counter (3) obtained by the intelligent control module is greater than the air solid concentration threshold and the average particle size threshold of the solid, the intelligent control module controls the second fan (5) to start, the air in the air sampling cabinet (1) enters the ring network box (2) after passing through the air filter (7) and the second fan (5), and the temperature inside the ring network box (2) is balanced to ΔT less than 3℃.

8. The control method of the ring main unit control device according to claim 1, characterized by: When the intelligent control module obtains any one of the air solid matter concentration and the average particle size of solid matter measured by the dust particle counter (3) greater than the air solid matter concentration threshold and the average particle size of solid matter threshold, the intelligent control module controls the second fan (5) to start, the air in the air sampling cabinet (1) passes through the air filter (7) and then passes through the second fan (5) into the ring network box (2), and the temperature in the ring network box (2) is balanced to ΔT less than 3℃; when the air passes through the air filter (7), the pressure drop between the two ends of the air filter (7) is measured by a differential pressure sensor, and then the speed of the air passing through the air filter (7) is obtained according to the pressure drop between the two ends of the air filter (7), which is called the filtering speed; then according to the filtering speed of the air filter (7), combined with the standard inlet air speed V 标 of the second fan (5) at the preset speed of the second fan (5), the speed difference between the filtering speed of the air filter (7) and V 标 is obtained, and the speed difference between the filtering speed of the air filter (7) and V 标 is less than 0.2m / s according to the speed difference to increase the speed of the second fan (5). The determination method of the filtering speed of the air passing through the air filter (7) is: Establishing data model: select different groups of air solid concentration and average particle size, measure the filter pressure drop ΔP and filtration velocity v under the condition of air solid concentration and average particle size, and establish the pressure drop-filtration velocity relationship model ΔP=k*v n ; Data fitting: input multiple sets of filtration velocity v and corresponding pressure drop ΔP into nonlinear regression analysis, use data MATLAB or Python's SciPy to perform data fitting, determine the best fitting data curve by least squares method, and obtain k and n values; Model validation: use independent experimental data to verify the prediction accuracy of model k and n values; The determination of filtration speed: the pressure drop ΔP between the two ends of the air filter (7) is determined by the pressure difference sensor, and the intelligent control module obtains the filtration speed v according to the pressure drop ΔP combined with the pressure drop-filtration speed relationship model ΔP=k*v n .

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