A planting management method for extending the flowering period of Funing golden camellia

Abstract

The present invention provides a planting management method for extending the flowering period of Funing golden camellia, and relates to the technical field of planting management during the flowering period of Funing golden camellia. The management method mainly includes setting manure, 15-15-15 nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer, grapefruit peel fermentation material, cooked hawthorn powder, and bamboo charcoal to fertilize after the golden camellia shaping and pruning, and then setting gibberellins, carbenicillin, indoleacetic acid, curcumin, α-pinene, ethyl isothiocyanate, triolein, sucrose, urea, compound vitamins, and nutrients composed of organic ingredients are drip-irrigated at the beginning of May, when flower buds appear, and at the beginning of the flowering period, and spraying on the leaves and flower buds for multiple times after the flower buds turn yellow. The present invention overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art, effectively extends the flowering period of Funing golden camellia, and further promotes the growth of flower buds of golden camellia, and comprehensively improves the ornamental value of Funing golden camellia planting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of planting and management during the flowering period of Funing golden camellia, and in particular to a planting and management method for prolonging the flowering period of Funing golden camellia. Background Art

[0002] Camellia chrysantha is a rare ornamental plant and germplasm resource in the genus Camellia of the Theaceae family. It is also known as "yellow bud tea" or "golden bud tea". Camellia chrysantha is famous for its unique bright yellow leaf buds, which is why it got its name. The appearance of Camellia chrysantha presents golden buds and leaves, with complete leaf shape, bright color, fresh and fragrant aroma, and fruity flavor. Camellia chrysantha has many health benefits. It is rich in tea polyphenols, caffeine, amino acids and other ingredients. It has the effects of quenching thirst and removing dampness, digesting food and resisting bacteria, lowering fat and detoxifying. Camellia chrysantha also helps to improve immunity, promote metabolism, and is beneficial to heart health and weight loss.

[0003] Funing Camellia chrysantha is a new species of Camellia chrysantha officially announced in 2019. While it has high functionality, its flowers are solitary and nearly terminal, with a golden corolla, a flower diameter of 4.5~5.5 cm, and flowers with 3~6 mm long or short stalks or nearly sessile. The overall germplasm is unique and has high ornamental value. In recent years, it has also begun to be cultivated as an ornamental plant, and can be harvested a few days after the viewing period ends and the Camellia chrysantha blooms, thereby increasing the economic value of the cultivation.

[0004] The existing Funing Camellia chrysantha will only bloom after 5-8 years of planting, and the flowering period is generally from mid-November to the end of February or early March of the following year. The overall flowering period is short, and there will be many deformed bracts or smaller buds when the buds are formed. The subsequent flowering rows are not very beautiful, and the consistency of the flowers blooming on the same Funing Camellia chrysantha is also low, and the flowering period is relatively short. Therefore, in order to enhance the value of planting, extending the flowering period of Funing Camellia chrysantha is an important planting research direction at this stage. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a planting and management method for prolonging the flowering period of Funing Camellia chrysantha, which effectively prolongs the flowering period of Funing Camellia chrysantha and further promotes the growth of flower buds of Camellia chrysantha, thereby comprehensively improving the ornamental value of Funing Camellia chrysantha planting.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A planting management method for extending the flowering period of Funing golden camellia, the planting management method comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1. Prepare fertilizers according to the following weight proportions: 12-16 parts of manure, 8-12 parts of 15-15-15 nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer, 4-6 parts of grapefruit peel fermentation material, 2-4 parts of cooked hawthorn powder, and 2-4 parts of bamboo charcoal;

[0009] S2. Prepare a nutrient according to the following formula: water + gibberellin 200-300 mg / L + carbenicillin 100-200 mg / L + indoleacetic acid 30-60 mg / L + curcumin 15-30 mg / L + α-pinene 10-20 mg / L + ethyl isothiocyanate 20-30 mg / L + triolein 20-40 mg / L + sucrose 10-20 g / L + urea 15-30 g / L + multivitamins 1-3 g / L + organic ingredients 200-400 mg / L;

[0010] S3. Camellia chrysantha treatment: Select Funing Camellia chrysantha that is ten years old or older, perform shaping and pruning in February, and apply fertilizer once after pruning with the above fertilizers;

[0011] S4, nutrient solution drip irrigation treatment: In early May, when flower buds appear, and at the beginning of the flowering period, the roots are treated with nutrient solution drip irrigation once;

[0012] S5. Spraying of nutrient solution: After more than 50% of the flower buds turn yellow, spray the leaves and flower buds of Camellia chrysantha with nutrient solution diluted 10 times every 10-15 days, for a total of 3 spraying treatments.

[0013] Preferably, the preparation method of the grapefruit peel fermented material in step S1 is to add water to the grapefruit peel, crush it, and then place it in a water bath at 50-60°C for insulation treatment for 2-3 hours, then filter it, add clean water and sucrose to the filter residue, stir it evenly, inoculate yeast, and then ferment it for 3-5 days, and then dry and crush it to obtain the grapefruit peel fermented material.

[0014] Preferably, the mass ratio of clean water and sucrose added to the filter residue is 1:5-8:0.05-0.08, and the inoculation amount of yeast is 0.2%-0.3% of the total mass of the filter residue.

[0015] Preferably, the method for preparing the cooked hawthorn powder is to wash the hawthorn and remove the core, then steam the hawthorn in a steamer at 110-115° C. for 20-30 minutes, then dry and grind to obtain the cooked hawthorn powder.

[0016] Preferably, the vitamin complex in step S2 is obtained by mixing vitamin B6, vitamin B12, vitamin A, vitamin C and vitamin E in a mass ratio of 4:1:2:3:1.

[0017] Preferably, the organic components in step S2 are inositol, glycine, thiamine hydrochloride, pyridoxine hydrochloride, and nicotinic acid mixed in a mass ratio of 3:1:1:2:2.

[0018] Preferably, the amount of fertilizer applied in step S3 is 80-100 g / plant, and the fertilizer is applied in the evening, and the plants are irrigated thoroughly with clean water after fertilization.

[0019] Preferably, in step S4, the amount of nutrient solution dripped to the roots is 600-800 mL / plant, and drip irrigation is performed on rainy days.

[0020] Preferably, the spraying amount in step S5 is 100-150 mL / plant, and the spraying is performed in the evening.

[0021] The present invention provides a planting management method for extending the flowering period of Funing golden camellia, which has the advantages of:

[0022] The invention fertilizes the Funing golden camellia by mixing fertilizer prepared by early manure, 15-15-15 nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer, grapefruit peel fermentation material, cooked hawthorn powder and bamboo charcoal, and subsequently drips and sprays the nutrient agent prepared by compounding water, gibberellin, carbenicillin, indoleacetic acid, curcumin, alpha-pinene, ethyl isothiocyanate, triolein, sucrose, urea, compound vitamins and organic ingredients at different periods, effectively promotes the Funing golden camellia to grow more flower buds with good appearance at an early stage, prolongs the flowering period of the golden camellia, and prolongs the flowering period to mid-April at the longest, thereby achieving better ornamental effect, and the overall flower shape of the golden camellia is more consistent and the appearance is good. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the flower buds of experimental group 1 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the flower buds in experimental group 9 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the flower opening of the experimental group 1 of the present invention taken on March 6, 2024;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the opening of flowers taken by experimental group 1 of the present invention on April 10, 2024. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention is clearly and completely described below in combination with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Embodiment 1:

[0028] Fertilizer preparation:

[0029] 1. Preparation of pomelo peel material:

[0030] 1.1. Pomelo peel material A: Select fresh pomelo peel, add 5 times the volume of clean water, grind and crush, then adjust the water bath temperature to 55°C, let it stand for 2.5 hours, and then filter, mix the filter residue with clean water and sucrose in a mass ratio of 1:7:0.06, and then inoculate 0.25% of the total mass of the filter residue with yeast (Xi'an Xinlu Biotechnology Co., Ltd., 20 billion FU / g of Saccharomyces boulardii) for fermentation for 4 days, and then dry at 45°C to a moisture content of ≤10% to obtain pomelo peel material A.

[0031] 1.2. Pomelo peel material B: fresh pomelo peel was selected and crushed, and the crushed material was mixed with clean water and sucrose in a mass ratio of 1:7:0.06, and then inoculated with yeast (Xi'an Xinlu Biotechnology Co., Ltd., 20 billion FU / g of Saccharomyces boulardii) at a concentration of 0.25% of the total mass of the crushed material, and fermented for 4 days. Then, it was dried at 45°C to a moisture content of ≤10%, to obtain pomelo peel material B.

[0032] 2. Preparation of hawthorn powder:

[0033] 2.1. Preparation of Hawthorn Powder A: Wash the hawthorns, remove the cores, steam them at 110° C. for 25 min, dry them at 45° C., and grind them to obtain Hawthorn Powder A for later use.

[0034] 2.2. Preparation of hawthorn powder B: Wash the hawthorn, remove the core, dry at 45°C, and grind to obtain hawthorn powder B for later use.

[0035] 3. Prepare different fertilizers according to the formula in Table 1 below (by weight):

[0036] Table 1

[0037]

[0038] The above manure fertilizers are all chicken manure fertilizers, and the 15-15-15 nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer is Huachang 15-15-15 nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer. Embodiment 2:

[0039] Preparation of nutrients:

[0040] Prepare different nutritional supplements according to the formula in Table 2 below:

[0041] Table 2

[0042]

[0043] The above-mentioned complex vitamins are obtained by mixing vitamin B6, vitamin B12, vitamin A, vitamin C and vitamin E in a mass ratio of 4:1:2:3:1; the organic components are obtained by mixing inositol, glycine, thiamine hydrochloride, pyridoxine hydrochloride and niacin in a mass ratio of 3:1:1:2:2.

[0044] experiment:

[0045] 1. Setting of experimental materials:

[0046] A total of 180 10-year-old Funing Camellia chrysantha plants growing uniformly in the open air in Mudu Village, Funing County, Yunnan Province were selected as experimental materials and divided into 9 groups (experimental groups 1-9), with 20 plants in each group. On February 26, 2023, the Funing Camellia chrysantha plants in each experimental group were shaped and pruned (the tender leaves growing around the top of the Camellia chrysantha were cut off to control the growth of the top);

[0047] On the second day after pruning, apply 90±10g of fertilizer to each Camellia chrysantha plant, and then irrigate with clean water. On May 3, 2023, when flower buds appear (based on the presence of more than 5 flower buds per Camellia chrysantha plant in each group) and in full bloom (more than 30% of the flower buds of each Camellia chrysantha plant in each group are in full bloom), use nutrient solution to drip irrigate the roots (700±100mL per plant per drip irrigation);

[0048] After more than 50% of the flower buds of each Camellia chrysantha plant in each group began to turn yellow, the leaves and flower buds of Camellia chrysantha were sprayed with 10-fold diluted nutrients every 10 days, and 125±25mL was sprayed per plant. In case of rainy days, the spraying can be postponed for 3-5 days, and the spraying is carried out 3 times in total, each time in the evening;

[0049] Referring to Table 3 below, different fertilizers and nutrients were selected for each experimental group:

[0050] Table 3

[0051]

[0052] 2. Determination of the use time of each group of nutrients:

[0053] According to the above application method, the time when the flower buds appeared in each experimental group (based on the appearance of more than 5 flower buds on each Camellia chrysantha plant in each group), the yellowing period of the flower buds (more than 50% of the flower buds turned yellow), and the beginning of the full flowering period (more than 30% of the flower buds on each Camellia chrysantha plant in each group were in full bloom) were recorded. The specific results are shown in Table 4:

[0054] Table 4

[0055]

[0056] It can be seen from the above table that the color change time of the Camellia chrysantha buds and the start time of the full flowering period in the experimental group 1-2 are earlier than those in other groups, and the differences in the color change time of the buds of each Camellia chrysantha in the same group are relatively small.

[0057] When the flower buds turned yellow, the shapes of the flower buds in each group were observed. Figure 1) and experimental group 2 have high consistency in size and low deformity rate; in addition, the size of the same batch of flower buds in experimental group 9 also varies greatly during the growth period (as shown in Figure 2 ), the overall quality is worse than that of experimental group 1 and experimental group 2.

[0058] 3. Detection of flowering period of each group:

[0059] The average time from the first flower blooming to the last flower falling of each plant in each group was recorded as the total flowering period, and the total duration of the flowering period of each plant in each group was recorded (the total time when more than 30% of the buds of Camellia chrysantha bloomed). The specific results are shown in Table 5 below:

[0060] Table 5

[0061]

[0062] It can be seen from the above table that experimental groups 1-2 have a longer total flowering period and peak flowering period, and the longest flowering period can last until mid-April 2024.

[0063] And experimental group 1 had more flowers in bloom on March 6 (e.g. Figure 3 ), and on April 10, some flowers were still in full bloom on the branches (such as Figure 4 ), after overall planting and management, the ornamental period of Camellia chrysantha is long.

[0064] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A planting management method for extending the flowering period of Funing golden camellia, characterized in that: The planting management method includes the following steps: S1. Prepare fertilizers according to the following weight proportions: 12-16 parts of manure, 8-12 parts of 15-15-15 nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer, 4-6 parts of grapefruit peel fermentation material, 2-4 parts of cooked hawthorn powder, and 2-4 parts of bamboo charcoal; The preparation method of the grapefruit peel fermented material comprises the following steps: adding water to the grapefruit peel, crushing it, placing it in a water bath at 50-60° C. for heat preservation for 2-3 hours, filtering it, adding clean water and sucrose to the filter residue in a mass ratio of 1:5-8:0.05-0.08, stirring it evenly, inoculating 0.2%-0.3% of the total mass of the filter residue with yeast, fermenting it for 3-5 days, and drying and crushing it to obtain the grapefruit peel fermented material; The method for preparing the cooked hawthorn powder comprises washing the hawthorn and removing the core, then steaming the hawthorn in a steamer at 110-115° C. for 20-30 minutes, drying the hawthorn and grinding the hawthorn to obtain the cooked hawthorn powder. S2. Prepare a nutrient according to the following formula: water + gibberellin 200-300 mg / L + carbenicillin 100-200 mg / L + indoleacetic acid 30-60 mg / L + curcumin 15-30 mg / L + α-pinene 10-20 mg / L + ethyl isothiocyanate 20-30 mg / L + triolein 20-40 mg / L + sucrose 10-20 g / L + urea 15-30 g / L + complex vitamins 1-3 g / L + organic ingredients 200-400 mg / L; the complex vitamins are vitamin B6, vitamin B12, vitamin A, vitamin C, and vitamin E mixed in a mass ratio of 4:1:2:3:1; the organic ingredients are inositol, glycine, thiamine hydrochloride, pyridoxine hydrochloride, and niacin mixed in a mass ratio of 3:1:1:2:2; S3. Camellia chrysantha treatment: Select Funing Camellia chrysantha that is ten years old or older, perform shaping and pruning in February, and apply fertilizer once after pruning with the above fertilizers; S4, nutrient solution drip irrigation treatment: In early May, when flower buds appear, and at the beginning of the flowering period, the roots are treated with nutrient solution drip irrigation once; S5. Spraying of nutrient solution: After more than 50% of the flower buds turn yellow, spray the leaves and flower buds of Camellia chrysantha with nutrient solution diluted 10 times every 10-15 days, for a total of 3 spraying treatments.

2. The planting management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The amount of fertilizer applied in step S3 is 80-100 g / plant, and the fertilizer is applied in the evening, and the plants are irrigated thoroughly with clean water after fertilization.

3. The planting management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the amount of nutrient solution dripped to the roots is 600-800 mL / plant, and drip irrigation is performed on rainy days.

4. The planting management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spraying amount in step S5 is 100-150 mL / plant, and the spraying is performed in the evening.

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