Nuclear facility radiation protection solution formulating method based on system thinking

Abstract

The invention relates to a nuclear facility radiation protection solution formulation method based on system thinking, a structure influencing system behaviors is described in a causal loop diagram form, and the method determines representative parameters and typical average values of main variables in a causal loop diagram by determining the main variables in the causal loop diagram; determining a system fundamental mode between adjacent main variables; taking nuclear facility operation benefits as key achievements of the system, and analyzing to obtain all enhancement loops and regulation loops of the system; modeling each enhancement loop and each regulation loop according to each system base mode; the mathematical equations obtained through all loop modeling are combined to obtain the mathematical equation of the whole system; solving a mathematical equation of the whole system, and finding a'fundamental solution 'and a'lever solution' of a nuclear facility radiation protection solution. According to the method disclosed by the invention, except for the narrow radiation protection, comprehensive thinking is carried out from the perspective of system thinking, so that a deeper and more comprehensive radiation protection solution is obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of radiation protection solutions for nuclear facilities, and specifically relates to a method for formulating radiation protection solutions for nuclear facilities based on system thinking. Background Art

[0002] Generally speaking, radiation protection solutions for nuclear facilities must take into account the basic principles of radiation protection: justification of practice, optimization of protection, and personal dose limits, while ignoring other matters that are not directly related to them.

[0003] In fact, the entire nuclear facility is a whole composed of many interconnected physical buildings / equipment. The various entities that constitute the nuclear facility influence and interact with each other in a long-term and continuous manner according to specific rules, and operate as a whole to achieve the specific common goals of the nuclear facility.

[0004] That is to say, from the perspective of system thinking, a nuclear facility is a typical system with a specific goal. It has three components of a system. Entity: One of the elements that constitute the system is buildings, equipment, software, and operating management procedures; Connection: The above entity elements have internal connections, including actual material flows, such as coolant, steam, and current, as well as related feedback and control signals; Function / Goal: For a nuclear facility, which entities it is composed of and how they are connected are all determined by its internal functions or goals.

[0005] The radiation protection problem of nuclear facilities is dynamic and complex. There are many factors that affect and are affected by the problem, and there are complex interactions or causal relationships between them, which leads to different dynamic changes in the problem over time.

[0006] Therefore, when it comes to radiation protection solutions for nuclear facilities, from a systems thinking perspective, we cannot only consider issues that are directly related to the nuclear facility itself, but also need to consider other issues that seem unrelated but essentially affect each other. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of the defects existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for formulating nuclear facility radiation protection solutions based on system thinking. For the radiation protection of nuclear facilities, from focusing on radiation protection to understanding the potential structure related to the safety of nuclear facilities, comprehensive consideration is given to other relevant variables such as hardware facility investment resources, human resource training investment, nuclear safety level, etc., and the relationship between each relevant variable is considered, "fundamental solution" and "leverage solution", so as to fundamentally find a radiation protection solution that is more in line with expectations.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a method for formulating a nuclear facility radiation protection solution based on system thinking, the method uses a causal loop diagram to describe the structure that affects the system behavior, and the method includes the following steps:

[0009] S1. Identify the main variables in the causal loop diagram;

[0010] S2. Determine the representative parameters and typical average values ​​of the main variables in the causal loop diagram;

[0011] S3, determine the system archetype between adjacent main variables;

[0012] S4. Taking the operation efficiency of nuclear facilities as the key result of the system, analyze and obtain all the enhancement loops and regulation loops of the system;

[0013] S5. Modeling each enhancement loop and regulation loop according to each system base model;

[0014] S6. Combine the mathematical equations obtained by modeling all the above loops to obtain the mathematical equation of the entire system;

[0015] S7. Solve the mathematical equations of the entire system and find the "fundamental solution" and "leverage solution" for the radiation protection of nuclear facilities.

[0016] Furthermore, the main variables in the causal loop diagram in step S1 include hardware facility investment resources, human resource training investment, radiation protection level, nuclear safety level, industrial safety level, employee occupational health level and nuclear facility operation efficiency.

[0017] Further, in step S2, representative parameters of the main variable hardware facility investment resources include the average annual investment amount of hardware facilities, representative parameters of the main variable human resource training investment include the average annual investment amount of human resource training, representative parameters of the main variable employee occupational health level include the average annual employee attendance rate, representative parameters of the main variable nuclear facility operating efficiency include the economic benefit per unit operating time, representative parameters of the main variable radiation protection level include the protection optimization level indicator and the personal dose limit, representative parameters of the main variable nuclear safety level include the annual risk of design basis accidents and the annual risk of beyond design basis accidents, and representative parameters of the main variable industrial safety level include the annual risk of major industrial safety accidents and the potential benefit loss of major industrial safety accidents.

[0018] Furthermore, in step S3, the system archetype between hardware facility investment resources and radiation protection level is a growth upper limit model, the system archetype between hardware facility investment resources and nuclear safety level is a growth upper limit model, the system archetype between hardware facility investment resources and industrial safety level is a growth upper limit model, the system archetype between hardware facility investment resources and employee occupational health level is a growth upper limit model, and the system archetype between hardware facility investment resources and nuclear facility operating efficiency is a target erosion model.

[0019] Furthermore, in step S3, the system archetype between human resource training investment and radiation protection level is a growth upper limit model, the system archetype between human resource training investment and nuclear safety level is a growth upper limit model, the system archetype between human resource training investment and industrial safety level is a growth upper limit model, the system archetype between human resource training investment and employee occupational health level is a growth upper limit model, and the system archetype between human resource training investment and nuclear facility operating efficiency is a target erosion model.

[0020] Furthermore, in step S3, the system archetype between the radiation protection level and the nuclear safety level is a growth upper limit model, the system archetype between the radiation protection level and the industrial safety level is a growth upper limit model, the system archetype between the radiation protection level and the occupational health level of employees is a rich-get-richer model, and the system archetype between the radiation protection level and the operating efficiency of nuclear facilities is a growth upper limit model.

[0021] Furthermore, in step S3, the system archetype between the nuclear safety level and the radiation protection level is a rich-get-richer model, the system archetype between the nuclear safety level and the occupational health level of employees is a rich-get-richer model, and the system archetype between the nuclear safety level and the operating efficiency of nuclear facilities is a growth ceiling model.

[0022] Furthermore, in step S3, the system archetype between the industrial safety level and the radiation protection level is a growth upper limit model, the system archetype between the industrial safety level and the nuclear safety level is a rich-get-richer model, the system archetype between the industrial safety level and the employee occupational health level is a growth upper limit model, and the system archetype between the industrial safety level and the nuclear facility operating efficiency is a growth upper limit model.

[0023] Further, in step S3, the system archetype between the employee's occupational health level and the radiation protection level is a growth upper limit model, the system archetype between the employee's occupational health level and the nuclear safety level is a growth upper limit model, the system archetype between the employee's occupational health level and the nuclear safety level is a growth upper limit model, and the system archetype between the employee's occupational health level and the industrial safety level is a growth upper limit model.

[0024] Furthermore, after solving the mathematical equation of the entire system in step S7, it is determined whether the obtained radiation protection level and the operating efficiency of the nuclear facility reach the preset values. If not, the representative parameters and their typical average values ​​are adjusted, and even the system base model is adjusted until the obtained radiation protection level and the operating efficiency of the nuclear facility reach the preset values. The solved equation is then used as the "fundamental solution" and "leverage solution" of the nuclear facility radiation protection solution.

[0025] The beneficial technical effect of the present invention is that the present invention discloses a method for formulating a nuclear facility radiation protection solution based on system thinking, which understands and analyzes the causal relationship between various variables of nuclear facility radiation protection and the dynamic changes of the system, grasps the key and fundamental points, and applies theoretical methods such as system dynamics to find "fundamental solutions" and "leverage solutions", thereby obtaining a more in-depth and comprehensive radiation protection solution. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 A causal loop diagram of a radiation protection solution for a nuclear facility formulated using a method for formulating a radiation protection solution for a nuclear facility based on system thinking as shown in Example 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0028] Embodiment 1

[0029] An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for formulating a nuclear facility radiation protection solution based on system thinking. The method describes a structure that affects system behavior in the form of a causal loop diagram. The method includes the following steps:

[0030] S1. Identify the main variables in the causal loop diagram.

[0031] In an embodiment of the present invention, the main variables in the causal loop diagram are determined to include hardware facility investment resources, human resource training investment, radiation protection level, nuclear safety level, industrial safety level, employee occupational health level and nuclear facility operation efficiency.

[0032] S2. Determine the representative parameters of the main variables in the causal loop diagram and their typical average values.

[0033] Obtaining typical average values ​​for representative parameters requires a large amount of available basic data combined with expert judgment in the industry.

[0034] For each main variable in the causal loop diagram, define appropriate representative parameters (input or output), see Table 1 for details.

[0035] Table 1 Representative parameters of variables in the causal loop diagram

[0036]

[0037] S3. Determine the system archetype between adjacent main variables.

[0038] It requires repeated logical deductions by radiation protection engineers and is based on the consensus of industry practitioners and domain experts’ judgment.

[0039] In the embodiment of the present invention, the system archetypes between adjacent variables are shown in Table 2.

[0040] Table 2 System archetypes of adjacent variables in causal loop diagram

[0041]

[0042] S4. Taking the operating efficiency of nuclear facilities as the key result of the system, all the enhancement loops and regulation loops of the system are analyzed and obtained.

[0043] In the embodiment of the present invention, the nuclear facility operation benefit is taken as the key result of the system, and a causal loop diagram of a nuclear facility radiation protection solution is obtained as follows: Figure 1 As shown. The analysis shows that the system's enhancement loop is represented by "+", "+" means the same direction connection, indicating that the changes between the variables at both ends of "+" are in the same direction; the analysis shows that the system's regulation loop is represented by "-", "-" means the reverse connection, indicating that the changes between the variables at both ends of "-" are opposite.

[0044] In the causal loop diagram, different reinforcement loops can be marked in the form of "R+number" (for example, R1, R2, ...), and different regulation loops can be marked in the form of "B+number" (such as B1, B2, ...).

[0045] S5. Model each enhancement loop and regulation loop directly according to each system base model, or use dedicated modeling software to model them.

[0046] Apply system dynamics principles for direct modeling or use dedicated system dynamics modeling software for modeling.

[0047] S6. Combine the mathematical equations obtained by modeling all the above loops to obtain the mathematical equation of the entire system.

[0048] S7. Solve the mathematical equations of the entire system.

[0049] In many cases, the equation needs to be simplified and then solved. Then the radiation protection level and the nuclear facility operation benefit are obtained. These two important results are discussed with industry practitioners and experts in the field. If a final consensus is not reached, the representative parameters and their typical average values ​​are adjusted, and even the system base model is adjusted until the main results are generally recognized, and the "fundamental solution" and "leverage solution" of the nuclear facility radiation protection solution are found.

[0050] It can be seen from the above embodiments that the method for formulating nuclear facility radiation protection solutions based on system thinking disclosed in the present invention, in addition to the narrow radiation protection itself, conducts comprehensive thinking from the perspective of system thinking to obtain a more in-depth and comprehensive radiation protection solution.

[0051] The method described in the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described in the specific implementation manner. Those skilled in the art may derive other implementation manners based on the technical solution of the present invention, which also fall within the technical innovation scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for formulating a nuclear facility radiation protection solution based on system thinking, the method using a causal loop diagram to describe the structure that affects the system behavior, the method comprising the following steps: S1. Identify the main variables in the causal loop diagram; S2. Determine the representative parameters and typical average values ​​of the main variables in the causal loop diagram; S3, determine the system archetype between adjacent main variables; S4. Taking the nuclear facility operation efficiency as the key result of the system, analyze and obtain all the enhancement loops and regulation loops of the system; S5. Modeling each enhancement loop and regulation loop according to each system base model; S6. Combine the mathematical equations obtained by modeling all the above loops to obtain the mathematical equation of the entire system; S7. Solve the mathematical equations of the entire system and find the "fundamental solution" and "leverage solution" for radiation protection of nuclear facilities.

2. A method for formulating a nuclear facility radiation protection solution based on system thinking as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The main variables in the causal loop diagram in step S1 include hardware facility investment resources, human resource training investment, radiation protection level, nuclear safety level, industrial safety level, employee occupational health level and nuclear facility operation efficiency.

3. A method for formulating a nuclear facility radiation protection solution based on system thinking as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: In step S2, the representative parameters of the main variable hardware facility investment resources include the average annual investment amount of hardware facilities, the representative parameters of the main variable human resource training investment include the average annual investment amount of human resource training, the representative parameters of the main variable employee occupational health level include the average annual employee on-the-job rate, the representative parameters of the main variable nuclear facility operating efficiency include the economic benefit per unit operating time, the representative parameters of the main variable radiation protection level include the protection optimization level indicator and the personal dose limit, the representative parameters of the main variable nuclear safety level include the annual risk of design basis accidents and the annual risk of beyond design basis accidents, and the representative parameters of the main variable industrial safety level include the annual risk of major industrial safety accidents and the potential benefit loss of major industrial safety accidents.

4. A method for formulating a nuclear facility radiation protection solution based on system thinking as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: In step S3, the system archetype between the hardware facility investment resources and the radiation protection level is the growth upper limit model, the system archetype between the hardware facility investment resources and the nuclear safety level is the growth upper limit model, the system archetype between the hardware facility investment resources and the industrial safety level is the growth upper limit model, the system archetype between the hardware facility investment resources and the occupational health level of the employees is the growth upper limit model, and the system archetype between the hardware facility investment resources and the nuclear facility operation efficiency is the target erosion model.

5. A method for formulating a nuclear facility radiation protection solution based on system thinking as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: In step S3, the system archetype between human resource training investment and radiation protection level is a growth upper limit model, the system archetype between human resource training investment and nuclear safety level is a growth upper limit model, the system archetype between human resource training investment and industrial safety level is a growth upper limit model, the system archetype between human resource training investment and employee occupational health level is a growth upper limit model, and the system archetype between human resource training investment and nuclear facility operating efficiency is a target erosion model.

6. A method for formulating a nuclear facility radiation protection solution based on system thinking as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: In step S3, the system archetype between the radiation protection level and the nuclear safety level is the upper limit growth model, the system archetype between the radiation protection level and the industrial safety level is the upper limit growth model, the system archetype between the radiation protection level and the occupational health level of employees is the rich get richer model, and the system archetype between the radiation protection level and the operating efficiency of nuclear facilities is the upper limit growth model.

7. A method for formulating a nuclear facility radiation protection solution based on system thinking as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: In step S3, the system archetype between the nuclear safety level and the radiation protection level is a rich-get-richer model, the system archetype between the nuclear safety level and the occupational health level of employees is a rich-get-richer model, and the system archetype between the nuclear safety level and the operating efficiency of nuclear facilities is a growth ceiling model.

8. A method for formulating a nuclear facility radiation protection solution based on system thinking as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: In step S3, the system archetype between the industrial safety level and the radiation protection level is the upper limit growth model, the system archetype between the industrial safety level and the nuclear safety level is the rich get richer model, the system archetype between the industrial safety level and the occupational health level of employees is the upper limit growth model, and the system archetype between the industrial safety level and the operating efficiency of nuclear facilities is the upper limit growth model.

9. A method for formulating a nuclear facility radiation protection solution based on system thinking as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: In step S3, the system archetype between the employee's occupational health level and the radiation protection level is the upper limit growth model, the system archetype between the employee's occupational health level and the nuclear safety level is the upper limit growth model, the system archetype between the employee's occupational health level and the nuclear safety level is the upper limit growth model, and the system archetype between the employee's occupational health level and the industrial safety level is the upper limit growth model.

10. The method for formulating a nuclear facility radiation protection solution based on system thinking as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: After solving the mathematical equation of the entire system in step S7, it is determined whether the obtained radiation protection level and nuclear facility operating efficiency reach the preset values. If not, the representative parameters and their typical average values ​​are adjusted, and even the system base model is adjusted until the obtained radiation protection level and nuclear facility operating efficiency reach the preset values. The solved equation is then used as the "fundamental solution" and "leverage solution" of the nuclear facility radiation protection solution.

Images