Knee joint replacement flexion and extension balance graphical analysis method and system, computer storage medium and equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a knee joint replacement flexion and extension balance graphical analysis method which comprises the following steps: drawing an inner side gap-outer side gap lattice diagram according to obtained force-gap width data of soft tissues around a knee joint of an inner side compartment and an outer side compartment at different flexion angles; a dot matrix projection relation of dot matrixes of the knee joint at different flexion angles on the tense side is selected to construct a quantitative evaluation index of the flexion and extension gap balance state; analyzing the influence of the knee joint soft tissue balance operation on the flexion and extension gap balance state through the constructed quantitative evaluation index to obtain the current flexion and extension gap balance state of the knee joint; and formulating an optimized adjustment strategy according to the current flexion and extension gap balance state of the knee joint and the expected target flexion and extension gap balance state. Graphical quantitative analysis is performed on the soft tissue tension in the knee joint replacement according to the force-gap data, so that an accurate and intelligent guidance intraoperative adjustment scheme is established for flexion and extension balance of knee joint replacement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular to a graphical analysis method, system, computer storage medium and device for flexion-extension balance of knee replacement based on force-gap measurement. Background Art

[0002] Knee replacement surgery includes different procedures such as unicompartmental replacement, bicompartmental replacement, tricompartmental replacement and total knee replacement. The success of all procedures depends on the appropriate relative relationship between the prosthesis, bone and soft tissue, so as to establish a good knee joint kinematic-dynamic pattern after surgery and obtain normal knee joint postoperative function.

[0003] However, the flexion-extension balance evaluation of traditional knee replacement is prone to the following problems: ① The traditional definition of knee soft tissue flexion and extension balance is unclear: The traditional definition of knee soft tissue flexion and extension balance is that the difference between the flexion gap and the extension gap is <2mm, but there is a lack of regulations on the force required to measure the gap width and a lack of corresponding standardized hardware measurement tools. This results in a vague and controversial definition of flexion and extension balance, leading to postoperative complications such as flexion dysfunction, hyperextension deformity, flexion contracture deformity, and knee dislocation.

[0004] ② Traditional knee soft tissue flexion and extension adjustment technology lacks quantitative evaluation: Traditional knee soft tissue flexion and extension balance is defined as the difference between flexion gap and extension gap <2mm, but there is also a lack of regulations on the force required to measure the gap width, and a lack of corresponding standardized hardware measurement tools, which leads to great operational deviations during flexion and extension balance surgery and the inability to quantitatively analyze soft tissue flexion and extension balance, resulting in postoperative complications such as flexion and extension instability, knee pain, flexion and extension dysfunction, and surgical failure.

[0005] ③ Insufficient accuracy in soft tissue flexion and extension balance during knee replacement: Traditional mechanical measurement methods cannot reflect the quantitative relationship between the force-gap changes in the soft tissue of the knee joint. Due to the lack of quantitative force-gap measurement methods, it is impossible to quantitatively analyze the soft tissue tension characteristics of the knee joint at different flexion and extension angles and guide the precise balance technology of the soft tissue, resulting in postoperative complications such as soft tissue imbalance, pain, even instability, and prosthesis loosening. Summary of the invention

[0006] In response to the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a graphical analysis method for the flexion-extension balance of knee replacement based on force-gap measurement, so as to perform graphical quantitative analysis of soft tissue during knee replacement surgery, thereby establishing an accurate and intelligent guidance for intraoperative adjustment plans for the flexion-extension balance of knee replacement.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a graphical analysis method for flexion-extension balance of knee replacement, comprising the following steps: Based on the force-gap width data of the soft tissue around the knee joint in the medial and lateral compartments at different flexion angles, a medial-lateral gap dot matrix diagram was drawn; The dot projection relationship of the dot array at different flexion angles of the knee joint on the more tense side was selected to construct a quantitative evaluation index of the flexion-extension gap balance state; The influence of soft tissue balance operation on the flexion-extension gap balance state of the knee joint is analyzed by constructing quantitative evaluation indicators, and the current flexion-extension gap balance state of the knee joint is obtained; Based on the current flexion-extension gap balance state of the knee joint and the target flexion-extension gap balance state to be achieved, an optimized adjustment strategy is formulated to guide the quantitative operation of knee joint gap balance during surgery.

[0008] The graphical analysis method for flexion-extension balance of knee replacement, preferably, the drawing of the medial gap-lateral gap dot matrix diagram comprises: after completing the preliminary osteotomy operation of the tibia and femur of the knee joint, measuring the medial compartment and lateral compartment knee joint force-gap width data from the extension position to the end position of flexion at each set knee flexion angle by a knee joint force-gap solver, and drawing the corresponding medial gap-lateral gap dot matrix diagram according to the obtained force-gap width data.

[0009] The graphical analysis method for flexion-extension balance of knee replacement preferably comprises: selecting the dot projection relationship of the dot matrix on the more tense side at different flexion angles of the knee joint to construct a quantitative evaluation index of the flexion-extension gap balance state, including: According to the dot projection relationship of the medial gap-lateral gap dot diagram at different flexion angles of the knee joint on the corresponding medial gap, the projection area overlap ratio α for measuring the balance state of the flexion and extension gap was constructed, 0≤α≤1. When α is close to 0, it indicates that the flexion and extension gap is poorly balanced; when α=0, it indicates that the flexion and extension gap is unbalanced; when α is close to 1, it indicates that the flexion and extension gap is well balanced.

[0010] The graphical analysis method for flexion-extension balance of knee replacement, preferably, for patients with varus knee deformity, selects the dot matrix projection relationship on the medial gap to construct a quantitative evaluation index of the flexion-extension gap balance state; For patients with valgus knee deformity, the dot matrix projection relationship on the lateral space is selected to construct a quantitative evaluation index of the flexion-extension balance state.

[0011] The graphical analysis method for knee replacement flexion-extension balance, preferably, the analysis of the influence of the knee joint soft tissue balance operation on the flexion-extension gap balance state is constructed to obtain the current flexion-extension gap balance state of the knee joint, including: The dynamic changes of the medial gap-lateral gap dot matrix and the projection area overlap ratio α caused by adjusting the knee flexion and extension gap by adjusting the osteotomy amount, osteotomy direction, joint prosthesis size, prosthesis shape, and soft tissue release were analyzed to obtain the current flexion and extension gap balance state of the knee joint.

[0012] In the graphical analysis method for flexion-extension balance of knee replacement, preferably, the dynamic changes include: ① Increasing the amount of distal femoral osteotomy and / or releasing the posterior joint capsule will cause the extension position / 10° knee joint dot matrix to shift to the right; ② Increasing the posterior tilt angle of the tibia, reducing the anteroposterior diameter of the femoral prosthesis, and / or increasing the posterior tilt angle of the polyethylene spacer will cause the flexed knee joint lattice to shift upward; ③ Increasing the amount of tibial plateau osteotomy and / or soft tissue release will cause the dot matrix to move to the upper right.

[0013] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a graphical analysis system for flexion-extension balance of knee replacement, characterized in that it includes: The first processing unit is used to draw a medial gap-lateral gap dot matrix diagram according to the force-gap width data of the soft tissue around the medial compartment and the lateral compartment of the knee joint at different flexion angles; The second processing unit is used to select the dot matrix projection relationship on the more tense side under different flexion angles of the knee joint to construct a quantitative evaluation index of the flexion-extension gap balance state; The third processing unit is used to analyze the influence of the soft tissue balance operation of the knee joint on the flexion-extension gap balance state through the constructed quantitative evaluation index, and obtain the current flexion-extension gap balance state of the knee joint; The fourth processing unit is used to comprehensively consider the current flexion-extension gap balance state of the knee joint and the target flexion-extension gap balance state to be achieved, formulate an optimized adjustment strategy, and guide the quantitative operation of knee joint gap balance during surgery.

[0014] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a computer storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the graphical analysis method for flexion-extension balance of knee replacement described in the first aspect of the present invention are implemented.

[0015] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a computer device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the steps of the graphical analysis method for flexion-extension balance of knee replacement as described in the first aspect of the present invention when executing the computer program.

[0016] The present invention adopts the above technical solution, which has the following advantages: 1. The present invention measures the force-gap data of the soft tissue around the knee joint at different flexion angles to form a medial gap-lateral gap dot matrix containing mechanical information, and quantitatively analyzes the balance state of the flexion and extension gap of the knee joint by analyzing the position and shape distribution information of the graph.

[0017] 2. The present invention quantitatively evaluates the tension of soft tissues around the knee joint based on force-gap data, and can establish key mathematical descriptors for the flexion-extension gap balance of knee replacement. This is of great significance for evaluating the degree of flexion-extension balance of knee replacement and guiding precise and balanced surgical techniques. It can be used to guide the precise technical adjustment of robot-assisted knee replacement, and can lay the data and algorithm foundation for analytical methods such as automated surgical plan guidance, prosthesis selection, and personalized surgery.

[0018] In summary, the present invention can be widely used in the graphical analysis of flexion-extension balance in knee replacement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art by reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiments below. The accompanying drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be considered as limiting the present invention. Throughout the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals are used to represent the same components. In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the graphical analysis method of flexion-extension balance of knee replacement provided by the present invention; Figure 2 is a medial gap-lateral gap dot pattern drawn according to the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the projection relationship of the dot matrix on the inner gap; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the dot matrix projection relationship on the outer gap. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] The graphical analysis method of knee replacement flexion-extension balance provided by the present invention comprises the following steps: drawing a medial gap-lateral gap dot matrix diagram according to the force-gap width data of the soft tissue around the medial and lateral compartments of the knee joint at different flexion angles; selecting the dot matrix projection relationship on the more tense side of the dot matrix at different flexion angles of the knee joint to construct a quantitative evaluation index of the flexion-extension gap balance state; analyzing the influence of the soft tissue balance operation of the knee joint on the flexion-extension gap balance state through the constructed quantitative evaluation index, and obtaining the current flexion-extension gap balance state of the knee joint; comprehensively considering the current flexion-extension gap balance state of the knee joint and the target flexion-extension gap balance state to be achieved, and formulating an optimized adjustment strategy. The present invention graphically and quantitatively analyzes the soft tissue tension during knee replacement according to the force-gap data, thereby establishing an accurate and intelligent guidance intraoperative adjustment plan for the flexion-extension balance of knee replacement.

[0022] The following is a detailed description of the graphical analysis method and system for flexion-extension balance of knee replacement provided by an embodiment of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0023] Embodiment 1: See also Figure 1 The graphical analysis method of knee replacement flexion-extension balance provided by the present invention comprises the following steps: S100. Draw a medial gap-lateral gap dot matrix: After completing the initial osteotomy of the tibia and femur of the knee joint, measure the force-gap width data of the soft tissue around the medial and lateral compartments of the knee joint at different flexion angles such as 0°, 10°, 20°, 30°, 40°, 50°, 60°, 70°, 80°, 90°, and 100° from the extension position to the end point of flexion through the knee joint force-gap solver, and draw the corresponding medial gap-lateral gap dot matrix according to the obtained force-gap width data (such as Figure 2 As shown). In the figure, the horizontal axis is the medial gap width, the vertical axis is the lateral gap width, the y=x straight line is the medial gap = lateral gap trend line, each color point represents the measurement data of a knee joint in flexion and extension position, and each set of measurement data contains the medial gap width and lateral gap width measured under the regularity of the medial-lateral gap force of the soft tissue around the knee joint from small to large. The measurement force of the knee joint force-gap solver is within the range freely defined by the surgeon.

[0024] It should be noted that the choice of knee flexion angle can be adjusted according to actual conditions, including increasing, decreasing or changing any degree.

[0025] S200. Constructing a quantitative evaluation index of the flexion-extension gap balance state: Selecting the dot matrix projection relationship on the more tense side at different flexion angles of the knee joint to construct a quantitative evaluation index of the flexion-extension gap balance state, specifically: According to the dot projection relationship of the medial gap-lateral gap dot diagram on the corresponding medial gap at different flexion angles of the knee joint, the projection area overlap ratio α (i.e., quantitative evaluation index) is constructed to measure the balance state of the flexion and extension gap. Then, 0≤α≤1 is established. When α is close to 0, it indicates that the flexion and extension gap balance is poor; when α=0, it indicates that the flexion and extension gap is unbalanced; when α is close to 1, it indicates that the flexion and extension gap balance is good. The optimal balance level is freely defined by the doctor.

[0026] Among them, Figure 3 As shown in the figure, for patients with varus knee deformity, due to the tension of the medial soft tissue, the dot matrix projection relationship on the medial gap is selected to construct a quantitative evaluation index for the flexion-extension gap balance state.

[0027] like Figure 4 As shown in the figure, for patients with valgus knee deformity, the dot matrix projection relationship on the lateral space is selected to construct a quantitative evaluation index of the flexion-extension balance state.

[0028] S300. Obtaining the current flexion-extension gap balance state of the knee joint: Obtaining the current flexion-extension gap balance state of the knee joint by constructing an analysis of the influence of the knee joint soft tissue balance operation on the flexion-extension gap balance state, specifically: The dynamic changes of the medial gap-lateral gap dot pattern and the projection area overlap ratio α caused by adjusting the knee flexion and extension gap by adjusting the amount of osteotomy, osteotomy direction, joint prosthesis size, prosthesis shape, soft tissue release, etc. are analyzed to obtain the current flexion and extension gap balance state of the knee joint, for example: ① Increasing the amount of distal femoral osteotomy and / or releasing the posterior joint capsule to increase the extension gap will cause the extension position / 10° knee joint dot matrix to shift to the right; ② Increasing the posterior tilt angle of the tibia, reducing the anteroposterior diameter of the femoral prosthesis, and / or increasing the posterior tilt angle of the polyethylene spacer will cause the flexed knee joint dot matrix to shift upward; ③ If the flexion and extension gap is increased by increasing the amount of tibial plateau osteotomy and / or soft tissue release, the dot matrix will move to the upper right.

[0029] S400. Determine the adjustment strategy: Based on the current flexion-extension gap balance state of the knee joint and the target flexion-extension gap balance state to be achieved, an optimized adjustment strategy is formulated to guide the quantitative operation of knee joint gap balance during surgery.

[0030] In summary, the present invention measures the force-gap data of the soft tissue around the knee joint at different flexion angles to form a medial gap-lateral gap dot matrix diagram containing mechanical information, and quantitatively analyzes the balance state of the knee flexion and extension gap by analyzing the position and shape distribution information of the diagram.

[0031] Embodiment 2: The above-mentioned embodiment 1 provides a graphical analysis method for flexion-extension balance of knee replacement, and correspondingly, this embodiment provides a graphical analysis system for flexion-extension balance of knee replacement. The system provided in this embodiment can implement the method of embodiment 1, and the system can be implemented by software, hardware, or a combination of software and hardware. For example, the system may include integrated or separate functional modules or functional units to execute the corresponding steps in each method of embodiment 1. Since the system of this embodiment is basically similar to the method embodiment, the process described in this embodiment is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can refer to the partial description of embodiment 1. The system of this embodiment is merely schematic.

[0032] The knee replacement flexion-extension balance graphical analysis system provided in this embodiment includes: The first processing unit is used to draw a medial gap-lateral gap dot matrix diagram according to the force-gap width data of the soft tissue around the medial compartment and the lateral compartment of the knee joint at different flexion angles; The second processing unit is used to select the dot matrix projection relationship on the more tense side under different flexion angles of the knee joint to construct a quantitative evaluation index of the flexion-extension gap balance state; The third processing unit is used to analyze the influence of the soft tissue balance operation of the knee joint on the flexion-extension gap balance state through the constructed quantitative evaluation index, and obtain the current flexion-extension gap balance state of the knee joint; The fourth processing unit is used to comprehensively consider the current flexion-extension gap balance state of the knee joint and the target flexion-extension gap balance state to be achieved, formulate an optimized adjustment strategy, and guide the quantitative operation of knee joint gap balance during surgery.

[0033] Embodiment 3: This embodiment provides a processing device for implementing the graphical analysis method of knee replacement flexion-extension balance provided in this embodiment 1. The processing device can be a processing device for a client, such as a mobile phone, a laptop computer, a tablet computer, a desktop computer, etc., to execute the method of embodiment 1.

[0034] The processing device includes a processor, a memory, a communication interface and a bus, and the processor, the memory and the communication interface are connected through the bus to complete mutual communication. The memory stores a computer program that can be run on the processor, and the processor executes the method provided in this embodiment 1 when running the computer program.

[0035] Preferably, the memory may be a high-speed random access memory (RAM), and may also include a non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk memory.

[0036] Preferably, the processor may be a central processing unit (CPU), a digital signal processor (DSP) or other general-purpose processors of various types, which are not limited here.

[0037] Embodiment 4: The graphical analysis method for knee replacement flexion-extension balance of the present embodiment 1 may be specifically implemented as a computer program product. The computer program product may include a computer-readable storage medium carrying computer-readable program instructions for executing the method described in the present embodiment 1.

[0038] Computer readable storage media can be tangible devices that hold and store instructions used by instruction execution devices. Computer readable storage media can be, for example, but not limited to, electronic storage devices, magnetic storage devices, optical storage devices, electromagnetic storage devices, semiconductor storage devices, or any combination thereof.

[0039] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein by equivalents; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and they should all be included in the scope of the claims and specification of the present application. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in the various embodiments can be combined in any way. The present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions that fall within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A graphical analysis method for flexion-extension balance of knee replacement, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Based on the force-gap width data of the soft tissue around the knee joint in the medial and lateral compartments at different flexion angles, a medial-lateral gap dot matrix diagram was drawn; The dot projection relationship of the dot array on the more tense side at different flexion angles of the knee joint was selected to construct a quantitative evaluation index of the flexion-extension gap balance state; The influence of soft tissue balance operation on the flexion-extension gap balance state of the knee joint is analyzed by constructing quantitative evaluation indicators, and the current flexion-extension gap balance state of the knee joint is obtained; Based on the current flexion-extension gap balance state of the knee joint and the target flexion-extension gap balance state to be achieved, an optimized adjustment strategy is formulated to guide the quantitative operation of knee joint gap balance during surgery.

2. The graphical analysis method for flexion-extension balance of knee replacement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drawing of the medial gap-lateral gap dot matrix diagram comprises: after completing the preliminary osteotomy operation of the tibia and femur of the knee joint, measuring the medial compartment and lateral compartment knee joint force-gap width data from the knee joint extension position to the end position of flexion at each set knee flexion angle through a knee joint force-gap solver, and drawing the corresponding medial gap-lateral gap dot matrix diagram according to the obtained force-gap width data.

3. The graphical analysis method for flexion-extension balance of knee replacement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of selecting the dot matrix projection relationship on the tenser side at different flexion angles of the knee joint to construct a quantitative evaluation index of the flexion-extension gap balance state includes: According to the dot projection relationship of the medial gap-lateral gap dot diagram at different flexion angles of the knee joint on the corresponding medial gap, the projection area overlap ratio α for measuring the balance state of the flexion and extension gap was constructed, 0≤α≤1. When α is close to 0, it indicates that the flexion and extension gap is poorly balanced; when α=0, it indicates that the flexion and extension gap is unbalanced; when α is close to 1, it indicates that the flexion and extension gap is well balanced.

4. The graphical analysis method for flexion-extension balance of knee replacement according to claim 3, characterized in that: For patients with varus knee deformity, the dot matrix projection relationship on the medial gap was selected to construct a quantitative evaluation index for the flexion-extension gap balance state; For patients with valgus knee deformity, the dot matrix projection relationship on the lateral space is selected to construct a quantitative evaluation index of the flexion-extension balance state.

5. The graphical analysis method for flexion-extension balance of knee replacement according to claim 3, characterized in that: The method of analyzing the influence of the knee joint soft tissue balance operation on the flexion-extension gap balance state to obtain the current flexion-extension gap balance state of the knee joint includes: The dynamic changes of the medial gap-lateral gap dot matrix and the projection area overlap ratio α caused by adjusting the knee flexion and extension gap by adjusting the osteotomy amount, osteotomy direction, joint prosthesis size, prosthesis shape, and soft tissue release were analyzed to obtain the current flexion and extension gap balance state of the knee joint.

6. The graphical analysis method for flexion-extension balance of knee replacement according to claim 5, characterized in that: The dynamic changes include: ① Increasing the amount of distal femoral osteotomy and / or releasing the posterior joint capsule will cause the extension position / 10° knee joint dot matrix to shift to the right; ② Increasing the posterior tilt angle of the tibia, reducing the anteroposterior diameter of the femoral prosthesis, and / or increasing the posterior tilt angle of the polyethylene spacer will cause the flexed knee joint lattice to shift upward; ③ Increasing the amount of tibial plateau osteotomy and / or soft tissue release will cause the dot matrix to move to the upper right.

7. A graphical analysis system for flexion-extension balance of knee replacement, characterized in that: include: The first processing unit is used to draw a medial gap-lateral gap dot matrix diagram according to the force-gap width data of the soft tissue around the medial compartment and the lateral compartment of the knee joint at different flexion angles; The second processing unit is used to select the dot matrix projection relationship on the more tense side under different flexion angles of the knee joint to construct a quantitative evaluation index of the flexion-extension gap balance state; The third processing unit is used to analyze the influence of the soft tissue balance operation of the knee joint on the flexion-extension gap balance state through the constructed quantitative evaluation index, and obtain the current flexion-extension gap balance state of the knee joint; The fourth processing unit is used to comprehensively consider the current flexion-extension gap balance state of the knee joint and the target flexion-extension gap balance state to be achieved, formulate an optimized adjustment strategy, and guide the quantitative operation of knee joint gap balance during surgery.

8. A computer storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the graphical analysis method for flexion-extension balance of knee replacement according to any one of claims 1 to 6 are implemented.

9. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that: When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the graphical analysis method for flexion-extension balance of knee replacement according to any one of claims 1 to 6 are implemented.

Images