Mud clam breeding method based on mangrove tidal flat and application thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of mangrove ecosystem restoration, and in particular, relates to a mud flat breeding method based on mangrove tidal flat and application thereof. The method comprises: (a) taking the estuary mangrove tidal flat as a breeding base, and arranging mud flat apartments in the mangrove forest and the bare flat outside the mangrove forest; wherein the mud flat apartments are filled with culture soil; the top of the mud flat apartments is exposed to the surface of the flat; (b) putting mud flat seedlings into the mud flat apartments for breeding and management; (c) harvesting the mud flat after maturation. The mud flat breeding method based on mangrove tidal flat adopts a movable circulating container breeding method to breed mud flat in the mangrove forest and the bare flat outside the mangrove forest, aiming to create a mud flat breeding method combining mangrove restoration and efficient utilization of tidal flat. The method can be used for rapid restoration of damaged mangrove ecosystems, improve the quality of tidal flat soil during efficient breeding of mud flat, and realize sustainable utilization of tidal flat.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mangrove ecosystem restoration, and more specifically, to a mudskipper aquaculture method based on mangrove tidal flats and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Mangrove tidal flats are among the world's most important blue carbon storage systems, highly biomass-rich ecosystems, and natural dikes effectively protecting against typhoons. However, against the backdrop of global warming and rising sea levels, coupled with intensive human activities damaging mangrove tidal flats, the area of ​​mangroves has declined sharply. This directly impacts the decline in nearshore fish diversity in the waters adjacent to mangrove tidal flats, posing a significant risk of reduced coastal fisheries production. In particular, mangrove tidal flats contain abundant mudskippers, providing valuable high-protein food for birds and humans. Damage to mangroves will lead to a reduction or disappearance of mudskippers.

[0003] Furthermore, coastal countries worldwide have established mangrove reserves, proposing specialized technologies and solutions for mangrove restoration and prohibiting residents from entering. While this protects mangroves and their understory invertebrates, it also leads to an overgrowth of these animals, disrupting the mangrove ecosystem's balance. Moreover, the benefits of mangrove tidal flats are not being realized, resulting in short-term losses for local fishermen and a lack of support from local residents for mangrove conservation efforts. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a method for repairing damaged mangrove tidal flats that can simultaneously restore the mangroves and yield valuable seafood.

[0004] In view of this, the present invention is hereby proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a mudskipper aquaculture method based on mangrove tidal flats and its application. The mudskipper aquaculture method based on mangrove tidal flats can protect mangroves without damaging them during the mudskipper aquaculture process, and can also improve the efficiency of mudskipper aquaculture, thereby resolving the conflict between mangrove protection and the interests of local fishermen.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned objectives of the present invention, the following technical solution is adopted:

[0007] One aspect of the present invention relates to a mudskipper aquaculture method based on mangrove tidal flats, comprising the following steps:

[0008] (a) Using the estuarine mangrove tidal flats as an aquaculture base, and setting up mudflat apartments inside and outside the mangrove forest;

[0009] The mudflat apartment is filled with potting soil; the top of the mudflat apartment protrudes from the beach surface.

[0010] (b) Place the mud oyster seedlings into the mud oyster apartment for cultivation and management;

[0011] (c) Harvest after the mudskippers have matured.

[0012] The described mudskipper aquaculture method based on mangrove tidal flats employs a mobile, recirculating container aquaculture approach, cultivating mudskippers both within and outside the mangrove forest. This aims to pioneer a mudskipper aquaculture method that combines mangrove restoration with the efficient utilization of tidal flats. This method can be used for the rapid restoration of damaged mangrove ecosystems, improving the quality of tidal flat soil during the efficient mudskipper aquaculture process, and achieving the sustainable use of tidal flats.

[0013] Another aspect of the present invention relates to a method for restoring damaged mangrove tidal flats, including the aforementioned mudskipper aquaculture method based on mangrove tidal flats.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0015] (1) The mudskipper aquaculture method based on mangrove tidal flats provided by the present invention can be used for the rapid restoration of damaged mangrove ecosystems, improve the quality of tidal flat soil during the efficient mudskipper aquaculture process, and realize the sustainable use of tidal flats. This method utilizes the narrow activity range of mudskippers, their burrowing instinct, and their biological characteristics of feeding on detritus and the microorganisms they produce to improve the damaged and barren habitat of mangrove tidal flats.

[0016] (2) The mudskipper aquaculture method based on mangrove tidal flats provided by this invention can intercept mangrove embryos by exposing mudskipper apartments to the surface, thereby increasing the chances of mangrove implantation and survival, reducing the intensity of wave and tidal dynamics, promoting the deposition of suspended sediment in the water, accelerating the siltation of the tidal flats, providing conditions for the natural expansion of mangroves, and accelerating the rise of non-suitable tidal flats to form suitable tidal flats. The mudskipper excrement in the mudskipper apartments slowly enters the mangrove land through the water during high tide, providing nutrients for the growth of mangrove plants. The mudskipper apartments are placed in the gaps in the mangrove forest, and the mangrove litter provides nutrients for the mudskippers, achieving mutual benefit and realizing the efficient utilization of mangrove tidal flats. Raising mudskippers in mudskipper apartments can prevent them from being pecked by natural enemies such as crabs and birds, reducing losses, improving the utilization rate of nutrients from mangrove litter entering the container, accelerating the maturation of mudskippers, increasing yield, improving the efficiency of mudskipper aquaculture, and at the same time repairing damaged mangrove tidal flats and increasing the output value of mudskippers, giving full play to the maximum ecological benefits of mangrove tidal flats.

[0017] (3) The mudskipper aquaculture method based on mangrove tidal flats provided by the present invention involves setting up mudskipper apartments in the original location of mangrove tidal flats to raise mudskippers, which can utilize natural seawater for aquaculture and ensure that the aquaculture products are pure natural products. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a type A mud-plaster apartment provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The length units marked on the diagram are mm.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the type b mud-plaster apartment provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The length units marked on the diagram are mm.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of a type C mud-pile apartment provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The length units marked on the diagram are mm.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of a type d-shaped mud-brick apartment provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The length units marked on the diagram are mm.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the layout of the Niding Apartment provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the embodiments described below are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments, and are only used to illustrate the present invention, and should not be regarded as limiting the scope of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Where specific conditions are not specified in the embodiments, conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer shall be followed. Where the manufacturers of reagents or instruments are not specified, they are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0025] One aspect of the present invention relates to a mudskipper aquaculture method based on mangrove tidal flats, comprising the following steps:

[0026] (a) Using the estuarine mangrove tidal flats as an aquaculture base, and setting up mudflat apartments inside and outside the mangrove forest;

[0027] The mudflat apartment is filled with potting soil; the top of the mudflat apartment protrudes from the beach surface.

[0028] (b) Place the mud oyster seedlings into the mud oyster apartment for cultivation and management;

[0029] (c) Harvest after the mudskippers have matured.

[0030] The aforementioned mudskipper aquaculture method based on mangrove tidal flats adopts a mobile recirculating container aquaculture approach, cultivating mudskippers both inside and outside the mangrove forest, aiming to create a mudskipper aquaculture method that combines mangrove restoration with efficient utilization of tidal flats.

[0031] This method can be used for the rapid restoration of damaged mangrove ecosystems, improving the quality of tidal flat soil during the efficient cultivation of mudskippers and achieving sustainable utilization of tidal flats. This method utilizes the narrow range of mudskippers, their burrowing instinct, and their biological characteristics of feeding on detritus and the microorganisms they produce to improve the damaged and barren habitat of mangrove tidal flats.

[0032] The exposed mudflats can intercept mangrove embryos, increasing the chances of mangrove implantation and survival, slowing down wave and tidal dynamics, promoting the deposition of suspended sediment in the water, accelerating the siltation of tidal flats, providing conditions for the natural outward expansion of mangroves, and accelerating the rise of non-suitable tidal flats to form suitable tidal flats for afforestation.

[0033] The excrement from the mudskipper apartments slowly enters the mangrove forest through the high tide, providing nutrients for mangrove plant growth. Placing mudskipper apartments in the gaps within the mangrove forest allows mangrove litter to provide nutrients for the mudskippers, creating a mutually beneficial and efficient use of the mangrove tidal flats.

[0034] Raising mudskippers in enclosures can prevent them from being eaten by predators such as crabs and birds, reducing losses, improving the utilization rate of nutrients from mangrove debris entering the container, accelerating mudskipper maturation, increasing yield, improving mudskipper farming efficiency, restoring damaged mangrove tidal flats and increasing mudskipper production value, and fully realizing the maximum ecological benefits of mangrove tidal flats.

[0035] Mudskipper apartments are set up in the original mangrove tidal flats to raise mudskippers, which can utilize natural seawater for farming, ensuring that the farmed products are all-natural.

[0036] Furthermore, the confluence of fresh and salt water at the river estuary will be used as an aquaculture base.

[0037] Furthermore, the present invention does not specifically limit the substrate of the breeding base, but muddy or sandy substrate is preferred.

[0038] Furthermore, the salinity of the water in the aquaculture base is 5 to 22, including but not limited to point values ​​of any one of 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, or 22, or a range between any two. This salinity is suitable for the growth of mudskippers.

[0039] Furthermore, the top of the mudskipper enclosure is exposed above the water for at least 8 hours per day, including but not limited to a single value or a range between 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, or 22 hours. Mudskippers typically burrow 20-30 cm into the mudflats when flooded and venture out to feed when not flooded. Setting this exposure time provides a suitable period for the mudskippers to be active and feed, which is beneficial to their growth.

[0040] Furthermore, the top of the mudskipper apartments arranged within the mangrove forest protrudes 5-10cm above the beach surface, including but not limited to point values ​​of any one of 5cm, 6cm, 7cm, 8cm, 9cm, or 10cm, or a range between any two.

[0041] Furthermore, the top of the mud stud apartments arranged on the bare beach outside the mangrove forest protrudes 10-15cm above the beach surface, including but not limited to point values ​​of any one of 10cm, 11cm, 12cm, 13cm, 14cm or 15cm or range values ​​between any two.

[0042] Mud traps placed inside mangrove forests protrude 5-10cm above the beach surface, while mud traps placed on bare beaches outside the forest protrude slightly higher than those inside the forest. Mud traps inside the forest can quickly decompose decaying matter, thus providing nutrients to the mangroves; mud traps outside the forest not only have the former function, but also can dissipate waves, block water, and intercept sediment, allowing the bare beach to quickly silt up and provide suitable beach areas for mangroves.

[0043] Furthermore, when placing the mudskipper apartments within the mangrove forest, the distance between two adjacent mudskipper apartments is 20-30 cm (for example, it can be any point value or a range between any two of 20 cm, 22 cm, 24 cm, 26 cm, 28 cm, or 30 cm). The horizontal direction of the mudskipper apartments forms an angle of 40-50 degrees with the dominant tidal flow direction. This arrangement of mudskipper apartments within the forest is beneficial for maximizing the interception of mangrove debris entering the containers and for intercepting nutrient-rich fine-grained sediment, thus providing ample nutrients for the mudskippers. The container spacing of 20-30 cm allows for the interception of 3-4 seedlings per container, promoting clustered growth.

[0044] Furthermore, when the mudskipper apartments are arranged on the bare beach outside the mangrove forest, the mudskipper apartments are arranged in rows along the contour lines of the beach outward from the forest edge. The horizontal direction of the mudskipper apartments forms an angle of 40-50 degrees with the dominant tidal flow. The distance between two adjacent mudskipper apartments in the same row is 30-50cm (for example, it can be any point value or any range between any two of 30cm, 33cm, 35cm, 38cm, 40cm, 43cm, 45cm, 48cm or 50cm). The distance between mudskipper apartments in adjacent rows is 100-200cm (for example, it can be any point value or any range between any two of 100cm, 110cm, 120cm, 130cm, 140cm, 150cm, 160cm, 170cm, 180cm, 190cm or 200cm). The mudskipper apartments in adjacent rows are arranged alternately. The scheme of placing mud-brick apartments on the bare beach outside the forest maximizes the interception and entry of mangrove embryos and mangrove debris into the containers, and facilitates rapid elevation of the beach surface, providing more suitable space for mangroves to grow towards the sea. After 2-3 years, a new mangrove seedling area will form in the area, and the containers will then be deployed again towards the sea in the same manner as before, with the outermost limit towards the sea level near the mean sea level.

[0045] The rational placement of mud traps inside and outside the forest can effectively intercept mangrove embryos, increase the chances of embryo implantation and seedling survival, improve the survival rate of seedlings in empty patches of mangroves under the forest, and accelerate the rapid expansion of mangroves to bare beaches outside the forest.

[0046] Furthermore, the mud-plaster apartment has an opening at the top and drainage holes on its walls.

[0047] Furthermore, the height of the goby apartment is 30-50cm, including but not limited to any one of 30cm, 33cm, 35cm, 38cm, 40cm, 43cm, 45cm, 48cm, or 50cm, or a range between any two. Since the goby's activity range is within 30cm of the topsoil, setting the height of the goby apartment based on this range ensures that the goby has sufficient space to move around, simulating its natural growth environment.

[0048] Furthermore, the diameter of the drainage hole of the mud-plaster apartment is 0.5~2cm, including but not limited to any one of 0.5cm, 1cm, 1.5cm or 2cm or any range between two of them.

[0049] In some specific implementations, the mud-plaster apartments include: type A mud-plaster apartments, type B mud-plaster apartments, type C mud-plaster apartments, and type D mud-plaster apartments.

[0050] In some specific embodiments, the Type A mud pot is a mud bowl 30cm high and 50cm in diameter. Eight to ten drainage holes, each 1-2cm in diameter, are evenly distributed on the side wall within a 15cm radius from the bottom of the Type A mud pot for drainage during low tide. Figure 1 Type A mudflat apartments are mainly located in patchy clearings within damaged mangrove forests, with 5-10cm of the mudflat surface exposed.

[0051] In some specific implementations, the type B mud-plastered apartment consists of a horizontally placed 100cm long DN300-DN500 PVC pipe. A 10cm wide and 80cm long skylight is opened on the upper side of the pipe wall. 10cm sections are left at both ends of the PVC pipe and sealed with a 0.5cm mesh synthetic fiber mesh as windows for water and nutrient exchange. Both ends of the PVC pipe are capped. Two rows of 1-2cm diameter drainage holes are drilled at 10-15cm intervals on the pipe wall below the centerline of the PVC pipe for drainage during low tide. Figure 2 Type B mudflat apartments are mainly located on bare beaches outside the mangrove forest, with 10-15cm exposed above the beach surface.

[0052] In some specific implementations, the C-type mud-pile apartment is constructed by vertically inserting a 50cm long DN300-DN500 PVC pipe. Three rows of drainage holes with a diameter of 1-2cm are drilled evenly at 10-15cm intervals on the pipe wall below the top 15cm of the PVC pipe for drainage during low tide. The top of the pipe is sealed with a synthetic fiber mesh with a 0.5cm mesh opening. Figure 3 Type C mud nail apartments can be placed in patchy clearings within damaged mangrove forests, with 5-10cm exposed above the beach surface, or installed on bare beach outside the forest.

[0053] In some specific implementations, the D-type gabion apartment uses coconut fiber mesh with a diameter of 0.5cm to construct a 50cm×50cm×50cm gabion apartment. Figure 4 Type D mud-needle apartments are mainly placed in patchy clearings in damaged mangrove forests, with 5-10cm of soil exposed above the mudflats.

[0054] When cultivating mangroves in mature forests, at least one of type A, type C, or type D mangrove beds should be placed in clearings within the forest. The placement density should be adjusted according to the growth status and density of the mangrove plants. When the clearings are large, the spacing between adjacent mangrove beds should be 20-30 cm. The arrangement of the mangrove beds should be at a 45-degree angle to the direction of the dominant tidal flow. This maximizes the interception of mangrove debris entering the mangrove beds and the settling of nutrient-rich fine-grained sediment, thus providing ample nutrients for the mangroves. A spacing of 20-30 cm between mangrove beds also helps to separate 3-4 seedlings between containers, allowing them to grow in clusters. Figure 5 ).

[0055] When conducting open-shore aquaculture outside the forest edge, type B mudskippers are arranged in rows along the contour lines of the beach, extending outward from the forest edge. The long axis of the mudskippers forms a 45-degree angle with the dominant tidal current. The spacing between adjacent mudskippers in the same row is 30-50 cm, and the spacing between adjacent rows is 100-200 cm. This staggered arrangement of adjacent rows maximizes the interception and entry of mangrove embryos and debris into the containers. This container arrangement also facilitates rapid elevation of the beach surface, providing more suitable space for mangroves to grow towards the sea. After 2-3 years, a new mangrove seedling area will form in the region, and the containers will be re-established according to the previous arrangement, extending outward to near the mean sea level. Figure 5 ).

[0056] The mud-plaster apartments of this invention can be constructed in various forms, with no size limit and random materials used. The mud-plaster apartments can be reused multiple times, saving production costs.

[0057] Furthermore, the potting soil filling the mud-needle apartment comprises, from bottom to top, a lower layer of potting soil and an upper layer of potting soil.

[0058] Furthermore, the lower layer of potting soil comprises: silty tidal flat sediments, farmyard manure, and a first nutrient, wherein the first nutrient comprises: soybean meal and / or oil cake. The lower layer of potting soil, protected by the pampas apartment, can create a suitable growth and nutrient environment for the pampas over a longer period.

[0059] Furthermore, the mass ratio of silty tidal flat sediments to primary nutrients is 1 ton: 50-100 kg. Farmyard manure can be added as needed.

[0060] This invention does not specifically limit the type of farmyard manure; any conventional farmyard manure in the art can be used to implement the technical solution of this invention.

[0061] Furthermore, the upper cultivation soil includes: soil from within the mangrove forest.

[0062] Mudskippers prefer to burrow in cool, muddy or sandy mudflats, feeding on humus, organic debris, and benthic diatoms. They emerge from their burrows to forage at low tide and retreat back into their burrows at high tide. Based on the growth habits of mudskippers, this invention designs a cultivation soil to achieve the best breeding results for them.

[0063] Adding potting soil to the mud oyster enclosure can accelerate mud oyster growth and improve mud oyster yield and quality.

[0064] Furthermore, the filling height of the upper layer of culture soil is 30~50cm.

[0065] Furthermore, the mud oyster seedlings are placed between the lower layer of culture soil and the upper layer of culture soil.

[0066] Furthermore, the filling height of the culture soil is 3-5cm lower than the top of the mud-plaster apartment, including but not limited to any one of 3cm, 3.5cm, 4cm, 4.5cm or 5cm or any range between two of them.

[0067] Furthermore, 250 to 300 (e.g., a point value or a range between any two of 250, 260, 270, 280, 290 or 300) mudnip seedlings are placed in each mudnip apartment within the mangrove forest.

[0068] Furthermore, 500-600 (e.g., a point value or a range between any two of 500, 510, 520, 530, 540, 550, 560, 570, 580, 590 or 600) mudnip seedlings are placed in each of the mudnip apartments located on the bare beach outside the mangrove forest.

[0069] Considering the activity space and yield requirements of adult mudskippers, this invention designs the above mudskipper seedling placement standards.

[0070] Furthermore, after placing the mudskipper seedlings into the mudskipper enclosure, the top of the enclosure is covered with a mesh material to prevent the mudskippers from being preyed upon by natural enemies such as crabs and birds.

[0071] Furthermore, the pore size of the mesh material is 0.2-0.7 cm.

[0072] This invention does not specifically limit the type of mesh material; conventional mesh materials in the art can be used to implement the technical solutions of this invention. In some specific embodiments, the mesh material includes, but is not limited to, synthetic fiber mesh.

[0073] Furthermore, the management includes: after low tide, observing whether there is water accumulation in the mudskipper apartment; if water accumulation exists, opening drainage ditches between the two rows of containers to facilitate timely drainage during low tide; 12-16 days after the mudskipper seedlings are planted (for example, it can be any one of 12, 13, 14, 15, or 16 days or any range between two), if more than 90% of the holes dug by the mudskippers in the mudskipper apartment are vertical holes, it indicates that the mudskippers have fully adapted to the environment; if more than 50% of the holes dug by the mudskippers in the mudskipper apartment are horizontal holes, it indicates that the mudskippers have not fully adapted to the environment and the potting soil is too sandy or too clayey, then replacing the potting soil (sandy soil) to accelerate the mudskippers' adaptation to the environment.

[0074] Furthermore, supplemental feeding is carried out during the breeding process.

[0075] Furthermore, the supplementary feeding includes: starting from the third month after the mudskipper seedlings are introduced, supplementary feeding is carried out monthly, 1-2 times per month. During low tide, well-rotted tung oil cake, peanut oil cake, soybean meal, etc., are added to the surface of the potting soil. Supplementary feeding serves to provide food, feed the mudskippers, and accelerate their growth.

[0076] Furthermore, the breeding period is 1 to 1.5 years, including but not limited to a point value or a range between any two of 1 year, 1.1 years, 1.2 years, 13 years, 1.4 years or 1.5 years.

[0077] Furthermore, the mud stumps are harvested when they grow to a length of 5-8 cm (for example, it can be a point value of any one of 5 cm, 6 cm, 7 cm or 8 cm or a range between any two).

[0078] Furthermore, the harvesting process includes: placing bait on the upper layer of potting soil in the mudskipper enclosure at low tide to lure mudskippers out of their burrows to feed, and then capturing the mudskippers that have emerged to feed, thus completing the harvest. Using bait as the trapping bait reduces labor and production costs; the harvesting process does not damage the mangrove root system. Each time bait is used for trapping and harvesting, the weight of the trapped mudskippers is calculated based on the number of mudskippers used. This allows some adult mudskippers in the enclosure to be retained for breeding. The remaining mudskippers can mate and reproduce on their own, and the mudskipper eggs and seedlings will not drift away with the tides, eliminating the need for additional seedlings each time and enabling continuous harvesting.

[0079] Furthermore, the bait includes at least one of the following: decomposed tung oil cake, peanut oil cake, or soybean meal.

[0080] In some specific implementations, the harvesting includes: at low tide, spreading well-rotted tung oil manure as bait on the surface of the upper layer of potting soil in the mudskipper enclosure; simultaneously placing cylindrical transparent mudskipper traps on the walls of the mudskipper enclosure and the surface of the potting soil; the inner surface of the traps being filled with well-rotted tung oil manure; and automatically entering the traps when the mudskippers emerge from their burrows to feed 0.5 to 1 hour later. The traps are designed to hold 50 mudskippers. After 2 to 3 harvests, only mudskippers that meet the harvesting standard are harvested; those smaller than 5cm are released, and the rest can be used for breeding.

[0081] In some specific implementations, the harvesting includes: filling coconut fiber mesh with 0.5cm mesh size with well-rotted tung oil manure to make sachets, placing them on the surface of the mudskipper enclosures at low tide; when the mudskippers emerge from their burrows to feed, they burrow into the sachets; and harvesting is carried out after 3-5 days by retrieving the sachets. Harvesting is done in rotation between different mudskipper enclosures, with an interval of 1-2 months between harvests. After multiple seeding and harvesting, the adult mudskippers remaining in the mudskipper enclosures will reproduce on their own. Only mudskippers that meet the harvesting standard are harvested, and those smaller than 5cm are released back into the wild.

[0082] If the number of mud oyster seedlings in the mud oyster apartment is insufficient after multiple harvests, mud oyster seedlings can be added to maintain the cycle of breeding.

[0083] Another aspect of the present invention relates to a method for restoring damaged mangrove tidal flats, including the aforementioned mudskipper aquaculture method based on mangrove tidal flats.

[0084] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the following examples are for illustrative purposes only and should not be considered as limiting the scope of the invention. Unless otherwise specified in the examples, conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer are followed. Reagents or instruments whose manufacturers are not specified are all commercially available conventional products.

[0085] Example 1

[0086] The mudskipper aquaculture method based on mangrove tidal flats provided in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0087] (1) Select a suitable estuary mangrove tidal flat as an aquaculture base. The best location is the confluence of fresh and salt water in the estuary. The bottom material is not limited, but muddy or sandy bottom material is preferred with a salinity of 5-22. The top of the mud stinger apartments set up in the mangrove forest should be 8cm above the beach surface, and the top of the mud stinger apartments set up on the bare beach outside the forest should be 13cm above the beach surface.

[0088] (2) Installation of mud-needle apartments: This implementation case includes two methods: adult mangrove understory aquaculture and bare beach aquaculture outside the forest edge. When installing, the top of the apartment must be exposed above water for more than 8 hours a day. The depth of the apartment buried underground can be adjusted according to different elevations.

[0089] When conducting understory cultivation in mature mangrove forests, type A and type C mud pebbles are placed in forest clearings. The placement density is determined based on the growth status and density of the mangrove plants. When the forest clearing is large, the distance between two mud pebbles is approximately 25cm, and the arrangement of the containers forms a 45-degree angle with the dominant tidal flow direction.

[0090] When conducting aquaculture on bare beaches outside the forest edge, type B mudskipper apartments are arranged in rows along the contour lines of the beach outward from the forest edge, with the long axis at a 45-degree angle to the dominant tidal flow. The distance between two adjacent mudskipper apartments in the same row is 40cm, and the distance between adjacent rows is 150cm. The apartments in adjacent rows are arranged alternately.

[0091] (3) The container is filled with culture soil. The culture soil in the muddy apartment includes, from bottom to top: lower culture soil and upper culture soil. The lower culture soil includes: muddy tidal flat sediment, farmyard manure and soybean meal. The upper culture soil includes: soil from the in-situ mangrove forest. The filling height of the upper culture soil is 10-20cm. Muddy seedlings are placed between the lower culture soil and the upper culture soil. The filling height of the culture soil is 4cm lower than the top of the muddy apartment.

[0092] (4) Release seedlings, the seedlings being the palatable Sipunculus nudus (Sipunculus nudus) Phascolosoma esculenta ), and release the prepared mud oyster seedlings into the mud oyster apartments, with 280 seedlings in each type A, type C, and type D mud oyster apartment, and 550 seedlings in each type B mud oyster apartment;

[0093] (5) Cover the top of the mud-plastered apartment with a synthetic fiber mesh with a mesh size of 0.5cm to seal the top opening;

[0094] (6) Management and maintenance: After the tide recedes, check the growth of the mudskippers from time to time and observe whether there is water accumulation in the culture container. If there is water accumulation, a drainage ditch should be opened between the two rows of containers to help the tidal flat and the container drain water quickly. Half a month after the seeding, check the shape of the holes at low tide. If 90% of the holes dug by the mudskippers in the mudskipper apartment are vertical holes, it means that the mudskippers have fully adapted to the environment. If half of the holes are horizontal holes, it means that they have not fully adapted to the environment. In this case, the culture soil needs to be replaced to accelerate their adaptation to the environment.

[0095] (7) Feeding and harvesting: Two months after the seedlings are introduced, at low tide, add well-rotted tung oil cake, peanut oil cake, soybean meal, etc. to the surface of the upper layer of culture soil as feed and let it enter the lower layer of culture soil twice a month; after 1 to 1.5 years of cultivation, harvest mud pellets that are 5-8cm long.

[0096] Harvesting method: At low tide, spread well-rotted tung oil fertilizer on the surface of the upper layer of potting soil in the mudskipper enclosure as bait. At the same time, place a cylindrical transparent mudskipper trap on the container wall and the surface of the upper layer of potting soil. The inner surface of the trap is coated with tung oil fertilizer. After 0.5 to 1 hour, when the mudskippers come out of their burrows to feed, they will automatically enter the trap. The trap is set to hold 50 mudskippers. After 2-3 harvests, only mudskippers that meet the harvesting standard are harvested. Those smaller than 5cm are released, and the rest can be used for breeding.

[0097] Example 2

[0098] The mudskipper aquaculture method based on mangrove tidal flats provided in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0099] (1) Select a suitable estuarine mangrove tidal flat as an aquaculture base. The best location is the confluence of fresh and salt water in the estuary. The bottom material is not limited, but muddy or sandy bottom material is preferred with a salinity of 5-22. The top of the mud stinger apartments set up in the mangrove forest should protrude 5cm above the beach surface, and the top of the mud stinger apartments set up on the bare beach outside the forest should be 10cm higher than the beach surface.

[0100] (2) Installation of mud-needle apartments: This implementation case includes two methods: adult mangrove understory aquaculture and bare beach aquaculture outside the forest edge. When installing, the top of the apartment must be exposed above water for more than 8 hours a day. The depth of the apartment buried underground can be adjusted according to different elevations.

[0101] When cultivating mature mangroves under the forest canopy, type A and type C mud pebbles are placed in clearings within the forest. The placement density is determined based on the growth status and density of the mangrove plants. When the clearing is large, the distance between two mud pebbles is approximately 20cm, and the arrangement of the containers forms a 45-degree angle with the dominant tidal flow direction.

[0102] When conducting aquaculture on bare beaches outside the forest edge, type B mudskipper apartments are arranged in rows along the contour lines of the beach outward from the forest edge, with the long axis at a 45-degree angle to the dominant tidal flow. The distance between two adjacent mudskipper apartments in the same row is 30cm, and the distance between adjacent rows is 100cm. The apartments in adjacent rows are arranged alternately.

[0103] (3) The container is filled with culture soil. The culture soil in the muddy apartment includes, from bottom to top: lower culture soil and upper culture soil. The lower culture soil includes: muddy tidal flat sediment, farmyard manure and soybean meal. The upper culture soil includes: soil from the in-situ mangrove forest. The filling height of the upper culture soil is 10-20cm. Muddy seedlings are placed on the surface of the upper culture soil. The filling height of the culture soil is 5cm lower than the top of the muddy apartment.

[0104] (4) Release seedlings, the seedlings being the palatable Sipunculus nudus (Sipunculus nudus) Phascolosoma esculenta ), and release the prepared mud oyster seedlings into the mud oyster apartments, with 250 seedlings in each type A, type C, and type D mud oyster apartment, and 500 seedlings in each type B mud oyster apartment;

[0105] (5)~(6) Same as Example 1;

[0106] (7) Feeding and harvesting: Two months after the seedlings are introduced, at low tide, add decomposed tung oil cake, peanut oil cake, soybean meal, etc. to the surface of the upper layer of cultivation soil as feed once a month; after 1 to 1.5 years of cultivation, harvest mud pellets that are 5-8cm long.

[0107] Harvesting method: Fill coconut fiber mesh with well-rotted tung oil and manure to make sachets. Place them on the surface of the mudskipper enclosure at low tide. When the mudskippers come out of their burrows to feed, they will burrow into the sachets. After 3-5 days, retrieve the sachets for harvesting. Harvest in different mudskipper enclosures in rotation, with an interval of 1-2 months between harvests. After multiple seeding and harvesting, only mudskippers that meet the harvesting standard are harvested. Mudskippers smaller than 5cm are released. Adult mudskippers left in the enclosures will reproduce on their own.

[0108] Example 3

[0109] The mudskipper aquaculture method based on mangrove tidal flats provided in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0110] (1) Select a suitable estuarine mangrove tidal flat as an aquaculture base. The best location is the confluence of fresh and salt water in the estuary. The bottom material is not limited, but muddy or sandy bottom material is preferred with a salinity of 5-22. The top of the mud stinger apartments set up in the mangrove forest should be 10cm above the beach surface, and the top of the mud stinger apartments set up on the bare beach outside the forest should be 15cm above the beach surface.

[0111] (2) Installation of mud-needle apartments: This implementation case includes two methods: adult mangrove understory aquaculture and bare beach aquaculture outside the forest edge. When installing, the top of the apartment must be exposed above water for more than 8 hours a day. The depth of the apartment buried underground can be adjusted according to different elevations.

[0112] When conducting understory cultivation in mature mangrove forests, type A and type C mud pebbles are placed in forest clearings. The placement density is determined based on the growth status and density of the mangrove plants. When the forest clearing is large, the distance between two mud pebbles is approximately 30cm, and the arrangement of the containers forms a 45-degree angle with the dominant tidal flow direction.

[0113] When conducting aquaculture on bare beaches outside the forest edge, type B mudskipper apartments are arranged in rows along the contour lines of the beach outward from the forest edge, with the long axis at a 45-degree angle to the dominant tidal flow. The distance between two adjacent mudskipper apartments in the same row is 50cm, and the distance between adjacent rows is 200cm. The apartments in adjacent rows are arranged alternately.

[0114] (3) The container is filled with culture soil. The culture soil in the muddy apartment includes, from bottom to top: lower culture soil and upper culture soil. The lower culture soil includes: muddy tidal flat sediment, farmyard manure and soybean meal. The upper culture soil includes: soil from the in-situ mangrove forest. The filling height of the upper culture soil is 10-20cm. Muddy seedlings are placed between the lower culture soil and the upper culture soil. The filling height of the culture soil is 3cm lower than the top of the muddy apartment.

[0115] (4) Release seedlings, the seedlings being the palatable Sipunculus nudus (Sipunculus nudus) Phascolosoma esculenta), and release the prepared mud antler seedlings into the mud antler apartments, with 300 seedlings in each type A, type C, and type D mud antler apartment, and 600 seedlings in each type B mud antler apartment;

[0116] (5)~(7) Same as Example 1.

[0117] Although the present invention has been illustrated and described with specific embodiments, it should be understood that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention; therefore, this means that all such substitutions and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention are included in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A mudskipper aquaculture method based on mangrove tidal flats, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (a) Using the estuarine mangrove tidal flats as an aquaculture base, and setting up mudflat apartments inside and outside the mangrove forest; The mudflat apartment is filled with potting soil; the top of the mudflat apartment protrudes from the beach surface. (b) Place the mud oyster seedlings into the mud oyster apartment for cultivation and management; (c) Harvest after the mudskippers have matured; When the mudskipper apartments are arranged in the mangrove forest, the distance between two adjacent mudskipper apartments is 20-30cm, and the horizontal direction of the mudskipper apartments forms an angle of 40-50 degrees with the direction of the dominant tidal flow. When the mudskipper apartments are deployed on the bare beach outside the mangrove forest, they are arranged in rows along the contour lines of the beach outward from the forest edge. The horizontal direction of the mudskipper apartments forms an angle of 40 to 50 degrees with the dominant tidal flow. The distance between two adjacent mudskipper apartments in the same row is 30 to 50 cm, and the distance between mudskipper apartments in adjacent rows is 100 to 200 cm. The mudskipper apartments in adjacent rows are staggered. The top of the mudflat apartment is exposed above the beach surface for ≥8 hours per day; The top of the mud stud apartments arranged within the mangrove forest protrudes 5-10cm above the beach surface; The top of the mud stud apartments arranged on the bare beach outside the mangrove forest protrudes 10-15cm above the beach surface; The mud-plaster apartment has an opening at the top and drainage holes on the walls. The height of the mud-needle apartment is 30-50cm; The potting soil filling the mud-plaster apartment consists of, from bottom to top: a lower layer of potting soil and an upper layer of potting soil; The filling height of the upper layer of culture soil is 30~50cm; The filling height of the culture soil is 3-5 cm lower than the top of the mud-plaster apartment.

2. The mudskipper aquaculture method based on mangrove tidal flats according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower layer of cultivation soil includes: silty tidal flat sediments, farmyard manure, and a first nutrient; the first nutrient includes: soybean meal and / or oil cake; The upper layer of cultivation soil includes soil from within the mangrove forest.

3. The mudskipper aquaculture method based on mangrove tidal flats according to claim 1, characterized in that, 250-300 mudskipper seedlings were placed in each of the mudskipper apartments located within the mangrove forest; And / or, place 500-600 mudskipper seedlings in each of the mudskipper apartments located on the bare beach outside the mangrove forest.

4. The mudskipper aquaculture method based on mangrove tidal flats according to claim 1, characterized in that, The harvesting process includes: placing bait on the upper layer of the cultivation soil of the mudskipper apartment at low tide to lure the mudskippers out of their burrows to feed, capturing the mudskippers that have come out to feed, and completing the harvest; The bait includes at least one of the following: decomposed tung oil cake, peanut oil cake, or soybean meal.

5. A method for restoring damaged mangrove tidal flats, characterized in that, Including the mudskipper aquaculture method based on mangrove tidal flats as described in any one of claims 1 to 4.

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