An ecological management system and monitoring method for preventing soil erosion

Abstract

The application relates to the field of water and soil treatment, and discloses an ecological treatment system and a monitoring method for preventing water and soil loss, which comprises the following steps: dividing a treatment area according to ecological factors of the treatment area to obtain different ecological monitoring sub-areas; obtaining ecological treatment data density corresponding to the ecological monitoring sub-areas in a cloud environment data server to obtain an ecological treatment data collection point distribution scheme of each ecological monitoring sub-area; and arranging ecological treatment data collection points in each ecological monitoring sub-area according to the ecological treatment data collection point distribution scheme by an ecological treatment data management module to complete ecological treatment state monitoring for preventing water and soil loss. Through the application, the treatment area can be scientifically divided by comprehensively considering ecological factors such as slope, vegetation coverage, soil type and rainfall, ecological monitoring sub-areas with similar ecological characteristics are formed, and the monitoring efficiency and accuracy are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of soil and water conservation, specifically an ecological management system and monitoring method for preventing soil erosion. Background Technology

[0002] Soil erosion, a global ecological and environmental problem, not only severely disrupts the natural ecological balance but also has a significant impact on human production and lives. Traditional methods of soil erosion monitoring often rely on manual field surveys, which are not only time-consuming and labor-intensive but also difficult to implement for large-scale real-time monitoring. With the advancement of technology, modern information technologies such as remote sensing and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) have been increasingly applied to soil erosion monitoring, improving efficiency and accuracy. However, existing monitoring methods still have some problems, such as low data integration, insufficient monitoring precision, and imperfect anomaly detection and early warning mechanisms.

[0003] Existing technologies for soil and water conservation monitoring have the following shortcomings:

[0004] Low data integration: Soil and water loss involves multiple ecological factors, such as slope, vegetation coverage, soil type and rainfall. These data are often scattered across different institutions and systems, making it difficult to achieve effective integration and sharing, resulting in low monitoring efficiency.

[0005] Insufficient monitoring accuracy: Existing monitoring methods often rely on single remote sensing or GIS technologies, which are insufficient to comprehensively and accurately reflect the actual situation of soil erosion. Furthermore, the uneven distribution of data collection points leads to significant errors in the monitoring results.

[0006] Inadequate anomaly detection and early warning mechanisms: Existing monitoring methods often lack effective anomaly detection and early warning mechanisms, making it impossible to detect abnormal soil erosion in a timely manner, leading to delayed control measures and exacerbating the severity of soil erosion.

[0007] Insufficient visualization and decision support: Although existing monitoring methods can provide certain data analysis and display functions, they often lack intuitive visualization and decision support, making it difficult for relevant personnel to quickly and accurately understand the monitoring results and make decisions. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an ecological management system and monitoring method for preventing soil erosion, comprising the following steps:

[0009] Step 1: Based on the ecological factors of the governance area, the governance area is divided into different ecological monitoring sub-regions;

[0010] Step 2: Obtain the ecological governance data density corresponding to the ecological monitoring sub-region in the cloud environmental data server. Based on the ecological governance data density corresponding to the ecological monitoring sub-region and the regional range of each ecological monitoring sub-region, obtain the distribution scheme of ecological governance data collection points for each ecological monitoring sub-region.

[0011] Step 3: The ecological governance data management module arranges ecological governance data in each ecological monitoring sub-region according to the ecological governance data collection point distribution plan, generates the ecological governance data collection point distribution sequence for the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-region, and collects the initial monitoring data for each ecological monitoring sub-region according to the monitoring parameters corresponding to the ecological factors.

[0012] Step 4: The status monitoring module obtains the monitoring plan, generates the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-region sequence based on the ecological factors in the monitoring plan, obtains the monitoring data sequence of the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-region sequence, and obtains the corresponding initial monitoring data sequence of the ecological monitoring sub-region.

[0013] Step 5: Compare the monitoring data sequence of the ecological monitoring sub-region corresponding to the influencing factor type with the initial monitoring data sequence of the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-region one by one to obtain the soil and water loss status data corresponding to each ecological monitoring sub-region. If the soil and water loss status data exceeds the normal range corresponding to the ecological monitoring sub-region, the soil and water loss status is abnormal, and proceed to Step 6; otherwise, the ecological monitoring sub-region status is normal, record the monitoring data of the ecological monitoring sub-region, and proceed to Step 7.

[0014] Step 6: Based on the distribution sequence of ecological governance data collection points corresponding to the ecological governance data collection points of the ecological monitoring sub-regions with abnormal status, locate the abnormal areas in the ecological monitoring sub-regions according to the ecological governance data collection points, and send the abnormal area information and early warning information to the early warning module and display module, then proceed to Step 7;

[0015] Step 7: Complete the monitoring of the ecological governance status to prevent soil erosion.

[0016] Furthermore, based on the ecological factors of the governance area, the governance area is divided into different ecological monitoring sub-regions, including:

[0017] The ecological factors mentioned therein are preset different types of ecological factors, including slope, vegetation coverage, soil type and rainfall. Based on the regional range of each ecological factor, the treatment area is divided into different ecological monitoring sub-regions.

[0018] Furthermore, the acquisition of ecological governance data density corresponding to the ecological monitoring sub-region in the cloud-based environmental data server includes:

[0019] The data collection density of ecological governance for ecological factors corresponding to the ecological monitoring sub-regions is obtained from the cloud-based environmental data server.

[0020] Furthermore, the method for obtaining the distribution scheme of ecological governance data collection points for each ecological monitoring sub-region based on the ecological governance data density corresponding to the ecological monitoring sub-region and the regional scope of each ecological monitoring sub-region includes:

[0021] Based on the density of ecological governance data collection and the regional scope of the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-region, the number of ecological governance data collection points for the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-region is obtained; the number of ecological governance data collection points in each corresponding ecological monitoring sub-region constitutes the distribution scheme of ecological governance data collection points.

[0022] Furthermore, the aforementioned arrangement of ecological governance data collection points within each ecological monitoring sub-region generates a distribution sequence of ecological governance data collection points for the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-region. Based on the monitoring parameters corresponding to ecological factors, initial monitoring data for each ecological monitoring sub-region is collected, including:

[0023] Based on the number of ecological governance data collection points in each corresponding ecological monitoring sub-region, the distribution sequence of ecological governance data collection points in the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-region is obtained. Based on the distribution sequence of ecological governance data collection points in the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-region and the monitoring parameters corresponding to ecological factors, the initial monitoring data of the ecological monitoring sub-region is obtained.

[0024] Furthermore, based on the ecological factors in the monitoring plan, an ecological monitoring sub-region sequence corresponding to the influencing factor type is generated, resulting in a monitoring data sequence for the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-region sequence, and simultaneously obtaining the initial monitoring data sequence for the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-region, including:

[0025] Based on the ecological factors corresponding to the influencing factor types, ecological monitoring sub-regions of the corresponding influencing factor types are obtained. The ecological monitoring sub-regions of the corresponding influencing factor types are sorted first, and according to the set order, the ecological monitoring sub-region sequence of the corresponding influencing factor types is obtained. Based on the ecological monitoring sub-region sequence of the corresponding influencing factor types, the monitoring data sequence of the ecological monitoring sub-region sequence of the corresponding influencing factor types is obtained. Based on the ecological monitoring sub-region sequence of the corresponding influencing factor types, the initial monitoring data sequence of the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-region is obtained.

[0026] Furthermore, the process of comparing the monitoring data sequences of the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-regions with the initial monitoring data sequences of the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-regions one by one to obtain the soil and water loss status data corresponding to each ecological monitoring sub-region includes:

[0027] The state data refers to the data difference between each detection data in the monitoring data sequence of the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-region sequence and the initial monitoring data of the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-region.

[0028] An ecological governance system for preventing soil erosion, employing the aforementioned ecological governance monitoring method for preventing soil erosion, includes a cloud data server, a data processing module, an ecological governance data management module, an ecological governance data acquisition module, a display module, an early warning module, and a communication module;

[0029] The ecological governance data management module, ecological governance data acquisition module, display module, early warning module, and communication module are respectively connected to the data processing module; the cloud data server is communicatively connected to the communication module.

[0030] The beneficial effects of this invention are: by comprehensively considering ecological factors such as slope, vegetation coverage, soil type, and rainfall, the treatment area is scientifically divided into ecological monitoring sub-regions with similar ecological characteristics. This helps to achieve precise monitoring and improve monitoring efficiency and accuracy.

[0031] By continuously monitoring the ecological monitoring sub-areas through the status monitoring module, abnormal soil erosion can be detected in a timely manner, and early warning signals can be issued. This helps relevant personnel to take timely measures to prevent further soil erosion and protect the ecological environment.

[0032] The display module visualizes monitoring results and early warning information on a map, allowing users to intuitively understand soil erosion and abnormal areas. Simultaneously, it provides data visualization capabilities, presenting complex data in the form of charts, images, and other formats, helping users better understand and analyze the data and providing a scientific basis for ecological governance decisions. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating an ecological governance monitoring method for preventing soil erosion;

[0034] Figure 2 A schematic diagram illustrating the principle of an ecological management system for preventing soil erosion;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of the ecological governance data collection module. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following description.

[0037] The features and performance of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, an ecological management system and monitoring method for preventing soil erosion includes the following steps:

[0039] Step 1: Based on the ecological factors of the governance area, the governance area is divided into different ecological monitoring sub-regions;

[0040] Step 2: Obtain the ecological governance data density corresponding to the ecological monitoring sub-region in the cloud environmental data server. Based on the ecological governance data density corresponding to the ecological monitoring sub-region and the regional range of each ecological monitoring sub-region, obtain the distribution scheme of ecological governance data collection points for each ecological monitoring sub-region.

[0041] Step 3: The ecological governance data management module arranges ecological governance data in each ecological monitoring sub-region according to the ecological governance data collection point distribution plan, generates the ecological governance data collection point distribution sequence for the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-region, and collects the initial monitoring data for each ecological monitoring sub-region according to the monitoring parameters corresponding to the ecological factors.

[0042] Step 4: The status monitoring module obtains the monitoring plan, generates the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-region sequence based on the ecological factors in the monitoring plan, obtains the monitoring data sequence of the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-region sequence, and obtains the corresponding initial monitoring data sequence of the ecological monitoring sub-region.

[0043] Step 5: Compare the monitoring data sequence of the ecological monitoring sub-region corresponding to the influencing factor type with the initial monitoring data sequence of the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-region one by one to obtain the soil and water loss status data corresponding to each ecological monitoring sub-region. If the soil and water loss status data exceeds the normal range corresponding to the ecological monitoring sub-region, the soil and water loss status is abnormal, and proceed to Step 6; otherwise, the ecological monitoring sub-region status is normal, record the monitoring data of the ecological monitoring sub-region, and proceed to Step 7.

[0044] Step 6: Based on the distribution sequence of ecological governance data collection points corresponding to the ecological governance data collection points of the ecological monitoring sub-regions with abnormal status, locate the abnormal areas in the ecological monitoring sub-regions according to the ecological governance data collection points, and send the abnormal area information and early warning information to the early warning module and display module, then proceed to Step 7;

[0045] Step 7: Complete the monitoring of the ecological governance status to prevent soil erosion.

[0046] The aforementioned method of dividing the governance area based on its ecological factors to obtain different ecological monitoring sub-regions includes:

[0047] The ecological factors mentioned therein are preset different types of ecological factors, including slope, vegetation coverage, soil type and rainfall. Based on the regional range of each ecological factor, the treatment area is divided into different ecological monitoring sub-regions.

[0048] The process of obtaining the ecological governance data density corresponding to the ecological monitoring sub-region from the cloud-based environmental data server includes:

[0049] The data collection density of ecological governance for ecological factors corresponding to the ecological monitoring sub-regions is obtained from the cloud-based environmental data server.

[0050] The aforementioned method for obtaining the distribution scheme of ecological governance data collection points for each ecological monitoring sub-region based on the ecological governance data density corresponding to the ecological monitoring sub-region and the regional scope of each ecological monitoring sub-region includes:

[0051] Based on the density of ecological governance data collection and the regional scope of the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-region, the number of ecological governance data collection points for the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-region is obtained; the number of ecological governance data collection points in each corresponding ecological monitoring sub-region constitutes the distribution scheme of ecological governance data collection points.

[0052] The process involves deploying ecological governance data collection points within each ecological monitoring sub-region, generating a distribution sequence of ecological governance data collection points for each sub-region, and collecting initial monitoring data for each ecological monitoring sub-region based on monitoring parameters corresponding to ecological factors. This includes:

[0053] Based on the number of ecological governance data collection points in each corresponding ecological monitoring sub-region, the distribution sequence of ecological governance data collection points in the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-region is obtained. Based on the distribution sequence of ecological governance data collection points in the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-region and the monitoring parameters corresponding to ecological factors, the initial monitoring data of the ecological monitoring sub-region is obtained.

[0054] The process involves generating ecological monitoring sub-region sequences corresponding to the influencing factor types based on the ecological factors in the monitoring plan, obtaining monitoring data sequences for the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-region sequences, and simultaneously obtaining the initial monitoring data sequences for the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-regions, including:

[0055] Based on the ecological factors corresponding to the influencing factor types, ecological monitoring sub-regions of the corresponding influencing factor types are obtained. The ecological monitoring sub-regions of the corresponding influencing factor types are sorted first, and according to the set order, the ecological monitoring sub-region sequence of the corresponding influencing factor types is obtained. Based on the ecological monitoring sub-region sequence of the corresponding influencing factor types, the monitoring data sequence of the ecological monitoring sub-region sequence of the corresponding influencing factor types is obtained. Based on the ecological monitoring sub-region sequence of the corresponding influencing factor types, the initial monitoring data sequence of the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-region is obtained.

[0056] The process of comparing the monitoring data sequences of the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-regions with the initial monitoring data sequences of the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-regions one by one to obtain the soil and water loss status data for each ecological monitoring sub-region includes:

[0057] The state data refers to the data difference between each detection data in the monitoring data sequence of the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-region sequence and the initial monitoring data of the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-region.

[0058] like Figure 2 As shown, an ecological governance system for preventing soil erosion, using the aforementioned ecological governance monitoring method for preventing soil erosion, includes a cloud data server, a data processing module, an ecological governance data management module, an ecological governance data acquisition module, a display module, an early warning module, and a communication module.

[0059] The ecological governance data management module, ecological governance data acquisition module, display module, early warning module, and communication module are respectively connected to the data processing module; the cloud data server is communicatively connected to the communication module.

[0060] like Figure 3 As shown, the ecological governance data acquisition module includes multiple ecological governance data acquisition points and an acquisition point management module; the multiple ecological governance data acquisition points are respectively connected to the acquisition point management module, and the acquisition point management module is connected to the data processing module. The ecological governance data acquisition points include one or more of the following: unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) data acquisition devices, ground data acquisition devices, and mobile data acquisition devices.

[0061] Specifically, ecological monitoring methods for preventing soil erosion include:

[0062] Step 1: Based on the ecological factors of the governance area, divide the governance area into different ecological monitoring sub-regions.

[0063] 1.1 Selection of ecological factors

[0064] Ecological factors are crucial influencing soil erosion, primarily including slope, vegetation cover, soil type, and rainfall. These factors exhibit different distribution characteristics and varying degrees of impact on soil erosion across different regions. Therefore, it is necessary to delineate treatment areas based on these factors.

[0065] 1.2 Division of Governance Areas

[0066] Using Geographic Information System (GIS) technology, the governance area is divided into multiple ecological monitoring sub-regions. Specific methods include: Slope: Calculating the slope using elevation data, and dividing the area into different sub-regions based on the slope magnitude.

[0067] Vegetation coverage: Vegetation coverage data is obtained using remote sensing technology, and the region is divided according to the level of vegetation coverage. Soil type: The treatment area is divided into different types of soil sub-regions based on soil survey data.

[0068] Rainfall: Using meteorological data, the treatment area is divided according to the amount of rainfall.

[0069] Based on the above four factors, the governance area was divided into multiple ecological monitoring sub-regions using the spatial analysis function of GIS, with each sub-region having similar ecological characteristics.

[0070] Step 2: Obtain the ecological governance data density corresponding to the ecological monitoring sub-region from the cloud-based environmental data server.

[0071] 2.1 Cloud Environment Data Server

[0072] The cloud-based environmental data server stores a large amount of ecological governance data, including historical monitoring data, remote sensing data, and meteorological data. This data forms the basis for ecological governance and monitoring.

[0073] 2.2 Obtaining the density of ecological governance data

[0074] Based on the division of ecological monitoring sub-regions, the ecological governance data density corresponding to each sub-region is obtained from the cloud-based environmental data server. Data density refers to the number of data collection points per unit area, which determines the accuracy and efficiency of data collection.

[0075] Step 3: The ecological governance data management module, based on the distribution plan of ecological governance data collection points, deploys ecological governance data in each ecological monitoring sub-region, generating a corresponding ecological governance data collection point distribution sequence for each ecological monitoring sub-region. Based on the monitoring parameters corresponding to the ecological factors, it collects initial monitoring data for each ecological monitoring sub-region.

[0076] 3.1 Ecological Governance Data Management Module

[0077] The data management module is responsible for managing and processing ecological governance data, including functions such as data collection, storage, analysis, and transmission.

[0078] 3.2 Deploy ecological governance data collection points

[0079] According to the ecological governance data collection point distribution plan, data collection points are set up in each ecological monitoring sub-region. The layout of collection points should take into account factors such as topography, vegetation, soil, and meteorology to ensure the comprehensiveness and accuracy of data collection.

[0080] 3.3 Generate a data collection point distribution sequence

[0081] Based on the layout of the collection points, a distribution sequence of ecological governance data collection points for the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-regions is generated. The sequence includes the location, number, and corresponding monitoring parameters of each collection point.

[0082] 3.4 Collect initial monitoring data

[0083] Using the ecological governance data acquisition module, initial monitoring data were collected for each ecological monitoring sub-region based on the distribution sequence of collection points and monitoring parameters. The data included soil moisture, vegetation index, and rainfall, which form the basis for subsequent monitoring and analysis.

[0084] Step 4: The status monitoring module acquires the monitoring plan. Based on the ecological factors in the monitoring plan, it generates ecological monitoring sub-region sequences corresponding to the influencing factor types, obtaining the monitoring data sequences of the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-region sequences, and simultaneously obtaining the initial monitoring data sequences of the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-regions.

[0085] 4.1 Status Monitoring Module

[0086] The status monitoring module is responsible for monitoring and analyzing the soil and water loss status of the ecological monitoring sub-region, and promptly detecting and issuing early warnings of abnormal situations.

[0087] 4.2 Obtain the monitoring plan

[0088] A monitoring plan will be developed based on the specific conditions and monitoring needs of the area to be treated. The plan will include monitoring objectives, monitoring frequency, and monitoring parameters.

[0089] 4.3 Generate ecological monitoring sub-region sequences

[0090] Based on the ecological factors in the monitoring plan, ecological monitoring sub-region sequences corresponding to the influencing factor types are generated. For example, different sub-region sequences are obtained by sorting according to slope, vegetation coverage, etc.

[0091] 4.4 Obtaining monitoring data sequences and initial monitoring data sequences

[0092] Based on the ecological monitoring sub-regional sequences, monitoring data sequences and initial monitoring data sequences for the corresponding influencing factor types are obtained. These data form the basis for subsequent status analysis and early warning.

[0093] Step 5: Compare the monitoring data sequences of the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-regions with the initial monitoring data sequences of the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-regions one by one to obtain the soil and water loss status data for each ecological monitoring sub-region. If the soil and water loss status data exceeds the normal range corresponding to the ecological monitoring sub-region, the soil and water loss status is abnormal, and proceed to Step 6; otherwise, the ecological monitoring sub-region is normal, the monitoring data of the ecological monitoring sub-region is recorded, and proceed to Step 7.

[0094] 5.1 Comparison of monitoring data sequences

[0095] The monitoring data sequences of the ecological monitoring sub-regions corresponding to the influencing factor types were compared one by one with the initial monitoring data sequences. The comparison methods included data difference calculation and trend analysis.

[0096] 5.2 Analysis of Soil and Water Erosion Status

[0097] Based on the comparison results, the soil and water loss status of each ecological monitoring sub-region was analyzed. Status data included soil erosion amount and vegetation degradation degree. If the status data exceeded the normal range, it was determined to be an abnormal soil and water loss status.

[0098] 5.3 Determine if the status is normal

[0099] Based on the analysis results of soil erosion status, determine whether the status of the ecological monitoring sub-area is normal. If the status is abnormal, proceed to step six; if the status is normal, record the monitoring data and proceed to step seven.

[0100] Step Six: Based on the distribution sequence of ecological governance data collection points corresponding to the ecological governance data collection areas in the abnormal ecological monitoring sub-regions, locate the abnormal areas within the ecological monitoring sub-regions according to the ecological governance data collection points, and send the abnormal area information and early warning information to the early warning module and display module, then proceed to Step Seven.

[0101] 6.1 Locating the abnormal area

[0102] Based on the distribution sequence of ecological governance data collection points corresponding to the ecological monitoring sub-regions with abnormal conditions, the abnormal areas are located. These abnormal areas are then marked on a map using GIS technology.

[0103] 6.2 Sending early warning information

[0104] Information on abnormal areas and early warnings are sent to the early warning module and the display module. The early warning module is responsible for issuing early warning signals to remind relevant personnel to take timely measures; the display module is responsible for displaying the abnormal areas and early warning information on the map for easy and intuitive understanding of soil erosion.

[0105] Step 7: Complete the ecological management status monitoring for preventing soil erosion.

[0106] The above steps complete the monitoring and analysis of soil erosion in the treated area. Based on the monitoring results, corresponding ecological management measures can be taken, such as afforestation and soil improvement, to prevent further soil erosion.

[0107] System composition and functions

[0108] The cloud-based data server serves as the system's data storage and processing center, responsible for storing and managing ecological governance data. The server employs high-performance hardware to ensure data security and reliability. Simultaneously, the server provides data access interfaces, facilitating data acquisition and processing by other modules.

[0109] The data processing module is responsible for data analysis and processing, including data cleaning, data transformation, and data mining. The module employs advanced algorithms and models to conduct in-depth data analysis, extracting useful information and providing a scientific basis for ecological governance.

[0110] The ecological governance data management module is responsible for managing and maintaining ecological governance data, including data collection, storage, and updates. The module employs a database management system to ensure data integrity and consistency. It also provides data query and statistical functions to facilitate users' access to the data they need.

[0111] The ecological governance data acquisition module is responsible for collecting ecological governance data, including soil moisture, vegetation index, and rainfall. The module employs multiple acquisition methods, such as drone data collection, ground-based data collection, and mobile data collection, to ensure the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the data. Simultaneously, the module also has data preprocessing capabilities, cleaning and transforming the collected data to facilitate subsequent analysis and processing.

[0112] The ecological governance data acquisition module includes multiple ecological governance data acquisition points and an acquisition point management module. Each acquisition point is responsible for the specific data acquisition work, while the acquisition point management module manages and coordinates the work of each acquisition point. Acquisition points include one or more of the following: unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) data acquisition devices, ground-based data acquisition devices, and mobile data acquisition devices, to adapt to data acquisition needs under different terrain and weather conditions.

[0113] The display module is responsible for showing monitoring results and early warning information on a map, allowing users to intuitively understand the situation of soil erosion and abnormal areas. The module uses GIS technology to enable map zooming, panning, and annotation. Simultaneously, the module provides data visualization capabilities, displaying complex data in the form of charts and images for easier user understanding and analysis.

[0114] The early warning module is responsible for issuing early warning signals to remind relevant personnel to take timely measures to prevent soil erosion. Based on monitoring results and early warning rules, the module determines whether an early warning signal needs to be issued. If an early warning signal is required, the module will notify relevant personnel via SMS, email, or other means and display the early warning information.

[0115] The communication module is responsible for communication and data transmission between all modules of the system. The module employs reliable communication protocols and encryption technologies to ensure data security and transmission efficiency. Simultaneously, the module provides a data interface to facilitate data exchange and sharing with other systems.

[0116] In a specific instance, the Loess Plateau region is one of the areas in China most severely affected by soil erosion, with its unique geographical environment and climate leading to serious soil loss problems. To effectively monitor and manage this issue, this paper proposes an ecological governance monitoring method based on ecological factors, and implements it in the Loess Plateau region.

[0117] I. Division of Governance Areas

[0118] Choice of ecological factors

[0119] In the Loess Plateau region, the main ecological factors influencing soil erosion include slope, vegetation cover, soil type, and rainfall. These factors exhibit distinct distribution characteristics in the Loess Plateau region, and their impact on soil erosion varies to different degrees.

[0120] Slope: The Loess Plateau region has complex terrain and large variations in slope, which is an important factor in soil erosion.

[0121] Vegetation coverage: Vegetation is key to soil and water conservation, and the level of vegetation coverage directly affects the severity of soil erosion.

[0122] Soil type: The soil type in the Loess Plateau region is mainly loess, but the soil texture and thickness vary in different areas, which also affect soil erosion in different ways.

[0123] Rainfall: Although the rainfall in the Loess Plateau region is not much, it is concentrated and intense, which can easily cause soil erosion.

[0124] Division of governance areas

[0125] Using GIS technology, the Loess Plateau region was divided into multiple ecological monitoring sub-regions. The specific method is as follows:

[0126] Slope: The slope is calculated using elevation data, and the area is divided into three sub-regions with slopes greater than 25°, 15°-25°, and less than 15°.

[0127] Vegetation coverage: Using remote sensing technology to obtain vegetation coverage data, the region is divided into three sub-regions with vegetation coverage greater than 60%, 30%-60%, and less than 30%.

[0128] Soil type: Based on soil survey data, the region is divided into different soil sub-regions such as loess, sandy soil, and clay.

[0129] Rainfall: Using meteorological data, the region is divided into three categories based on annual rainfall: greater than 500 mm, 300-500 mm, and less than 300 mm.

[0130] Based on the above four factors, the Loess Plateau region was divided into multiple ecological monitoring sub-regions using the spatial analysis function of GIS, with each sub-region having similar ecological characteristics.

[0131] Acquisition and Management of Ecological Governance Data

[0132] Cloud environment data server

[0133] Establish a cloud-based environmental data server to store ecological governance data for the Loess Plateau region, including historical monitoring data, remote sensing data, and meteorological data. This data forms the basis for ecological governance and monitoring.

[0134] Acquiring ecological governance data density

[0135] Based on the division of ecological monitoring sub-regions, the ecological governance data density corresponding to each sub-region is obtained from the cloud-based environmental data server. Data density determines the accuracy and efficiency of data collection, ensuring that each sub-region has sufficient data points for monitoring.

[0136] Ecological governance data management module

[0137] An ecological governance data management module has been established to manage and process ecological governance data. This module includes functions such as data collection, storage, analysis, and transmission to ensure the integrity and accuracy of the data.

[0138] Set up data collection points for ecological governance: Set up data collection points in each ecological monitoring sub-region. The layout of the collection points takes into account factors such as topography, vegetation, soil and weather to ensure the comprehensiveness and accuracy of data collection.

[0139] Generate a data collection point distribution sequence: Based on the layout of the collection points, generate a data collection point distribution sequence for ecological governance in the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-regions to facilitate subsequent data collection and management.

[0140] Initial monitoring data collection: Using the ecological governance data collection module, initial monitoring data for each ecological monitoring sub-region is collected based on the collection point distribution sequence and monitoring parameters, including soil moisture, vegetation index, rainfall, etc.

[0141] Status monitoring module

[0142] A status monitoring module was established to monitor and analyze the soil and water loss status in the ecological monitoring sub-regions. This module can promptly detect and issue early warnings of abnormal situations, providing a scientific basis for ecological governance.

[0143] Obtain monitoring plan

[0144] A monitoring plan was developed based on the specific conditions and monitoring needs of the Loess Plateau region. The plan included monitoring objectives, monitoring frequency, and monitoring parameters to ensure the orderly conduct of monitoring work.

[0145] Generate ecological monitoring sub-region sequences

[0146] Based on the ecological factors in the monitoring plan, ecological monitoring sub-region sequences corresponding to the influencing factor types are generated. For example, different sub-region sequences are obtained by sorting according to slope, vegetation coverage, etc., which facilitates subsequent status analysis and early warning.

[0147] Acquire monitoring data sequences and initial monitoring data sequences

[0148] Based on the ecological monitoring sub-regional sequences, monitoring data sequences and initial monitoring data sequences for the corresponding influencing factor types are obtained. These data form the basis for subsequent status analysis and early warning.

[0149] Comparative monitoring data sequences and analysis of soil erosion status

[0150] The monitoring data sequences of the corresponding influencing factor sub-regions are compared one by one with the initial monitoring data sequences to analyze the soil and water loss status of each ecological monitoring sub-region. If the status data exceeds the normal range, it is determined that the soil and water loss status is abnormal.

[0151] Locating abnormal areas and sending early warning information

[0152] Based on the distribution sequence of ecological governance data collection points corresponding to the ecological monitoring sub-regions with abnormal conditions, the abnormal areas are located, and information on the abnormal areas and early warning information is sent to the early warning module and the display module. The early warning module issues an early warning signal to remind relevant personnel to take timely measures; the display module displays the abnormal areas and early warning information on a map for easy and intuitive understanding of soil erosion.

[0153] System composition and function implementation

[0154] The cloud-based data server serves as the system's data storage and processing center, responsible for storing and managing ecological governance data from the Loess Plateau region. The server utilizes high-performance hardware to ensure data security and reliability. Simultaneously, the server provides data access interfaces, facilitating data acquisition and processing by other modules.

[0155] The data processing module is responsible for data analysis and processing, including data cleaning, data transformation, and data mining. The module employs advanced algorithms and models to conduct in-depth data analysis, extracting useful information and providing a scientific basis for ecological governance.

[0156] The ecological governance data management module is responsible for managing and maintaining ecological governance data, including data collection, storage, and updates. The module employs a database management system to ensure data integrity and consistency. It also provides data query and statistical functions to facilitate users' access to the data they need.

[0157] The ecological governance data acquisition module is responsible for collecting ecological governance data, including soil moisture, vegetation index, and rainfall. The module employs multiple methods, including drone data collection, ground-based data collection, and mobile data collection, to ensure the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the data. Simultaneously, the module also has data preprocessing capabilities, cleaning and transforming the collected data to facilitate subsequent analysis and processing.

[0158] The display module is responsible for showing monitoring results and early warning information on a map, allowing users to intuitively understand the situation of soil erosion and abnormal areas. The module uses GIS technology to enable map zooming, panning, and annotation. Simultaneously, the module provides data visualization capabilities, displaying complex data in the form of charts and images for easier user understanding and analysis.

[0159] The early warning module is responsible for issuing early warning signals to remind relevant personnel to take timely measures to prevent soil erosion. Based on monitoring results and early warning rules, the module determines whether an early warning signal needs to be issued. If an early warning signal is required, the module will notify relevant personnel via SMS, email, or other means and display the early warning information.

[0160] The communication module is responsible for communication and data transmission between all modules of the system. The module employs reliable communication protocols and encryption technologies to ensure data security and transmission efficiency. Simultaneously, the module provides a data interface to facilitate data exchange and sharing with other systems.

[0161] By implementing this method, soil erosion in the Loess Plateau region has been effectively monitored and controlled. The system can promptly detect and issue early warnings of abnormal soil erosion, providing a scientific basis for ecological governance. At the same time, the system's composition and functional design ensure the integrity, accuracy, and security of the data, providing strong support for ecological governance efforts in the Loess Plateau region.

Claims

1. A monitoring method for ecological governance to prevent soil erosion, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Divide the treatment area into different ecological monitoring sub-regions based on the ecological factors of the treatment area. The ecological factors are slope, vegetation coverage, soil type and rainfall. The sub-regions are comprehensively divided according to the regional range of each ecological factor through the spatial analysis function of the geographic information system, so that each ecological monitoring sub-region has similar ecological characteristics. Step 2: Obtain the ecological governance data density corresponding to each ecological monitoring sub-region from the cloud environmental data server. Based on the ecological governance data density and the regional range of each ecological monitoring sub-region, obtain the distribution scheme of ecological governance data collection points for each ecological monitoring sub-region. The ecological governance data density is the number of data collection points per unit area, which is determined based on historical monitoring data, remote sensing data, and meteorological data stored in the cloud. Step 3: The ecological governance data management module arranges ecological governance data collection points in each ecological monitoring sub-region according to the ecological governance data collection point distribution scheme, generates the ecological governance data collection point distribution sequence of the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-region, and collects the initial monitoring data of each ecological monitoring sub-region according to the monitoring parameters corresponding to the ecological factors. Step four: The status monitoring module acquires the monitoring plan, generates ecological monitoring sub-region sequences corresponding to the influencing factor types based on the ecological factors in the monitoring plan, obtains the monitoring data sequence of the ecological monitoring sub-region sequences corresponding to the influencing factor types, and simultaneously obtains the initial monitoring data sequence of the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-regions; the influencing factor types are slope, vegetation coverage, soil type, or rainfall; Step 5: Compare the monitoring data sequence of the ecological monitoring sub-region corresponding to the influencing factor type with the initial monitoring data sequence of the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-region one by one, and calculate the data difference as the soil and water loss status data corresponding to each ecological monitoring sub-region; if the soil and water loss status data exceeds the normal area range corresponding to the ecological monitoring sub-region, the soil and water loss status is abnormal, and proceed to step 6; otherwise, record the monitoring data and proceed to step 7. Step Six: Locate the abnormal area based on the distribution sequence of ecological governance data collection points corresponding to the ecological monitoring sub-area with abnormal status. Visualize the abnormal area information and early warning information on the map through the display module, and send it to the early warning module at the same time, then proceed to Step Seven; The visualization includes abnormal area marking, data difference charts, and ecological factor correlation analysis results. Step 7: Complete the monitoring of the ecological governance status to prevent soil erosion; The comprehensive division based on the regional range of various ecological factors mentioned in step one includes: dividing the slope into three levels: greater than 25°, 15°-25°, and less than 15°; dividing the vegetation coverage into three levels: greater than 60%, 30%-60%, and less than 30%; and combining the classification of soil type and annual rainfall into a superimposed division.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distribution scheme of ecological governance data collection points for each ecological monitoring sub-region described in step two includes: calculating the number of collection points based on the ecological governance data density and the regional range of the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-region, wherein the number of collection points = regional area × ecological governance data density, and the number of collection points in each sub-region constitutes the distribution scheme.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step four, which involves generating the ecological monitoring sub-region sequence corresponding to the influencing factor type, includes: taking the ecological monitoring sub-region corresponding to the influencing factor type as the sorting starting point, and sorting the sub-region sequence according to the numerical value of the ecological factor.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The normal area range mentioned in step five is the threshold range of each ecological monitoring sub-region under the corresponding influencing factors, determined based on historical health monitoring data.

5. An ecological management system for preventing soil erosion, characterized in that, The ecological governance monitoring method for preventing soil erosion according to any one of claims 1-4 includes a cloud data server, a data processing module, an ecological governance data management module, an ecological governance data acquisition module, a display module, an early warning module, and a communication module; the display module is equipped with a geographic information system visualization function, used to display abnormal area information, early warning information, and data differences in the form of map annotations and charts; the cloud data server stores historical monitoring data, remote sensing data, and meteorological data, used to provide a basis for calculating the density of ecological governance data.

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