Blockchain-based electric vehicle power consumption district information sharing system and sharing method

Abstract

The application discloses a blockchain-based power consumption district information sharing system and method for electric vehicles, and a technical scheme based on an improved Efficient-HotStuff consensus protocol, and high-efficiency and safe sharing of district information is realized. Data submission and verification are performed through DeviceChain, so that the integrity and non-tamperability of data are ensured; access control and permission management are performed through ShareChain, the privacy of data access permission is protected by using a cryptography method and zero-knowledge proof technology, and the safety and privacy protection in the data sharing process are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of information sharing in electric vehicle power distribution network areas, and more specifically to a blockchain-based information sharing system for electric vehicle power distribution network areas.

[0002] The present invention also relates to a blockchain-based method for sharing radio station area information for electric vehicles. Background Technology

[0003] With the rapid global adoption of electric vehicles (EVs), data management and sharing in power distribution networks face unprecedented challenges. The charging and discharging behavior of EVs places new demands on the stability and efficiency of the power distribution network, while traditional centralized data management methods suffer from numerous security and efficiency issues. Existing technologies address these issues as follows:

[0004] 1. Electric Vehicle Charging and Discharging Management: Current technologies primarily rely on centralized cloud servers to manage electric vehicle charging and discharging data. This data includes charging time, charging amount, location, etc., and is highly sensitive.

[0005] 2. Security risks of data sharing: The centralized management model makes data vulnerable to attacks, leading to data leaks or tampering. Furthermore, a failure of the centralized server can paralyze the entire system, making it impossible to meet the high-frequency data submission requirements of electric vehicles.

[0006] 3. Privacy protection: Existing technologies lack privacy protection for data sharing relationships between enterprises during the data sharing process, which can easily lead to the leakage of business privacy.

[0007] The shortcomings of existing technology:

[0008] Centralization risk: Centralized servers become single points of failure, making them vulnerable to attacks or data loss due to malfunctions.

[0009] Data tampering: Data stored on centralized servers is easily tampered with by internal or external attackers, making it difficult to guarantee the authenticity and integrity of the data.

[0010] Insufficient privacy protection: Existing solutions struggle to achieve efficient data sharing while protecting the privacy of data access permissions and data sharing relationships between enterprises. Summary of the Invention

[0011] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned problems by providing a technical solution based on an improved Efficient-HotStuff consensus protocol, enabling efficient and secure sharing of information between distribution stations. Data submission and verification are performed through DeviceChain, ensuring data integrity and immutability; access control and permission management are performed through ShareChain, utilizing cryptographic methods and zero-knowledge proof technology to protect the privacy of data access permissions, ensuring security and privacy protection during the data sharing process.

[0012] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows:

[0013] A blockchain-based information sharing system for electric vehicle radio stations, comprising a two-layer blockchain architecture, an improved Efficient-HotStuff consensus protocol, and a privacy-preserving access control PrivACC.

[0014] The two-layer blockchain architecture includes:

[0015] DeviceChain, an IoT device blockchain, is used to regulate data submissions;

[0016] ShareChain, a data-sharing blockchain, is used for decentralized access control;

[0017] The improved Efficient-HotStuff consensus protocol adds a parallel processing mechanism and a malicious node detection and isolation mechanism on the basis of HotStuff and Fast-HotStuff.

[0018] The privacy-preserving access control PrivACC uses cryptographic techniques to protect the privacy of data access permissions and sharing relationships during the sharing process.

[0019] Furthermore, the IoT device blockchain DeviceChain is used to receive discharge data submitted by electric vehicles and charging stations, verify the integrity and authenticity of the data, and broadcast the verified data to the Efficient-HotStuff consensus protocol to participate in consensus.

[0020] Furthermore, the data-sharing blockchain ShareChain is used to store privacy information about access permissions and data-sharing relationships, and verifies the access permissions of the data requester through zero-knowledge proof technology.

[0021] Furthermore, the improved Efficient-HotStuff consensus protocol specifically includes four phases: proposal, pre-commit, commit, and resolution. Each phase has a view number, which is used for sorting. Nodes in each phase enter the next phase through voting.

[0022] Furthermore, the parallel processing mechanism in the improved Efficient-HotStuff consensus protocol is used to allow the proposal and verification of multiple blocks to be processed in parallel;

[0023] The malicious node detection and isolation mechanism is used to prevent performance attacks on Byzantine nodes.

[0024] The blockchain-based method for sharing information on electric vehicle radio stations, using the aforementioned blockchain-based information sharing system for electric vehicle radio stations, is implemented according to the following steps:

[0025] Step 1: Electric vehicles and charging stations submit charging and discharging data to the IoT device blockchain DeviceChain to participate in the consensus process;

[0026] Step 2: The IoT device blockchain DeviceChain stores the data;

[0027] Step 3: The data owner stores access permissions to the data in the data sharing blockchain ShareChain, and the data requester proves to the verification node on the data sharing blockchain ShareChain that it has the corresponding access permissions through zero-knowledge proof.

[0028] Step 4: The verification node verifies the data requester's access rights through a zero-knowledge proof process. After successful verification, the data requester can access the shared data, thereby realizing information sharing in the transformer substation area.

[0029] Furthermore, in step 1, electric vehicles and charging stations submit charging and discharging data to the IoT device blockchain DeviceChain through full nodes. Full nodes are used to verify the integrity and authenticity of the data and sign the verified data. Full nodes submit the verified data to the IoT device blockchain DeviceChain and participate in the consensus process.

[0030] Furthermore, in step 3, the access permissions are hidden using cryptographic techniques.

[0031] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0032] The blockchain-based electric vehicle radio station area information sharing system of this invention realizes efficient and secure sharing of radio station information; data submission and verification are carried out through DeviceChain to ensure data integrity and immutability; access control and permission management are carried out through ShareChain, using cryptographic methods and zero-knowledge proof technology to protect the privacy of data access permissions, ensuring security and privacy protection in the data sharing process. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of the blockchain-based radio station area information sharing method for electric vehicles according to the present invention.

[0034] Figure 2 This is a comparison diagram showing the effects of the blockchain-based electric vehicle radio station information sharing system before and after improvements according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0036] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] The blockchain-based information sharing system for electric vehicle radio stations includes a two-layer blockchain architecture, an improved Efficient-HotStuff consensus protocol, and the privacy-preserving access control PrivACC.

[0039] The two-layer blockchain architecture can effectively solve the security, efficiency, and privacy protection issues faced by electric vehicles and charging stations in the process of data submission and sharing. By introducing the IoT device blockchain DeviceChain and the data sharing blockchain ShareChain, the layered design of DeviceChain and ShareChain achieves the separation of data submission and access control, thereby improving the overall performance and security of the system.

[0040] DeviceChain is responsible for overseeing data submissions from electric vehicles and charging stations, ensuring the authenticity and immutability of the data. Its specific functions include: receiving charging and discharging data submitted by electric vehicles and charging stations; verifying the integrity and authenticity of the data; broadcasting verified data; and participating in the consensus process.

[0041] DeviceChain possesses the following technical features: decentralization, eliminating the risk of single points of failure and improving system reliability; immutability, leveraging the characteristics of blockchain to ensure that data cannot be tampered with once recorded, guaranteeing data authenticity and integrity; and efficient consensus, employing an improved Efficient-HotStuff consensus protocol to improve data processing throughput and efficiency. In existing technologies, data management is concentrated on centralized servers, making them vulnerable to attacks. DeviceChain eliminates the risk of single points of failure through decentralization. Furthermore, traditional methods make data susceptible to tampering; DeviceChain ensures data immutability through blockchain technology, improving data security.

[0042] ShareChain is used for decentralized access control to protect the privacy of data sharing between enterprises. Its specific functions include: storing privacy information on access permissions and data sharing relationships; and verifying the access permissions of data requesters through zero-knowledge proof technology.

[0043] ShareChain possesses the following technical features: privacy protection, which safeguards the privacy of data access permissions and sharing relationships through Pedersen commitments and zero-knowledge proof technology; and decentralized access control, which avoids the security risks of traditional centralized access control and ensures the security of the data sharing process.

[0044] Traditional methods are prone to privacy leaks during data sharing. ShareChain protects data access permissions and sharing relationships through privacy protection technology. ShareChain also avoids single points of failure and security risks associated with centralized servers through decentralized access control.

[0045] The improved Efficient-HotStuff consensus protocol is a new pipelined consensus protocol that combines the advantages of HotStuff and Fast-HotStuff to improve throughput and reduce latency. It introduces a parallel processing mechanism, allowing the proposal and verification of multiple blocks to be carried out in parallel, thereby improving processing efficiency. It also adds a malicious node detection and isolation mechanism to enhance the robustness of the system, prevent performance attacks by Byzantine nodes, and ensure the security of data submission.

[0046] The improved Efficient-HotStuff consensus protocol is divided into four phases: proposal, pre-commit, commit, and resolution. Each phase has a clear view number to ensure the sequential nature of the consensus process. In addition, each phase has a voting mechanism, meaning that each phase requires nodes to vote, and the next phase is reached after a certain number of votes are received.

[0047] The advantages of the improved Efficient-HotStuff consensus protocol are: existing consensus protocols have low processing efficiency, while Efficient-HotStuff significantly improves the throughput of the blockchain network through parallel processing; traditional methods have high transaction confirmation latency, while Efficient-HotStuff reduces transaction confirmation latency by optimizing the protocol structure; and the addition of malicious node detection and isolation mechanisms improves the system's robustness against Byzantine node attacks.

[0048] The PrivACC privacy-preserving access control scheme aims to protect the privacy of access permissions and sharing relationships during data sharing. It utilizes cryptographic techniques, such as Pedersen commitments and zero-knowledge proofs, to hide access permissions and verify them on the blockchain using zero-knowledge proofs, thus protecting the privacy of data access permissions and sharing relationships. By employing off-chain computation and on-chain verification, it reduces the computational overhead of the blockchain and improves performance.

[0049] Pedersen commitments are a type of cryptographic technique characterized by immutability and privacy protection. They hide the actual access permissions by generating a commitment value, preventing unauthorized third parties from knowing the true access rights. The specific generation process is as follows:

[0050] Select parameter: Select a large prime number p and a generator g and a random number r Access permission value v ;

[0051] Generate the commitment value: The commitment value C is generated using the formula... Generate, where h It is another independent random number generated by the generator.

[0052] Property: Hiddenness; the promised value C hides the actual access permission value. V Binding: Once a commitment value C is generated, it is impossible to find another different access value. v′v' and random numbers r′ Make .

[0053] Zero-knowledge proof is a cryptographic technique that allows a prover to demonstrate to a verifier that they possess certain information, such as access rights, without revealing the specific content of that information. In PrivACC, it is used to verify the access rights of a data requester. The specific process of zero-knowledge proof is as follows:

[0054] Proofreader: Possesses access rights to the value v and random numbers r; Verifier: Holds the commitment value C.

[0055] The specific proof steps are as follows:

[0056] Step 1, the prover generates a random number. r 1 and a temporary commitment value And send C1 to the validator;

[0057] Step 2: The verifier selects a random challenge value c and sends c to the prover;

[0058] Step 3, the prover calculates the response value. and will r 2. Send to the verifier;

[0059] Step 4, Verifier Verification .

[0060] To support the above proof steps, this embodiment also provides example code (Python) for the above steps:

[0061] #Parameter selection and initialization

[0062] p = 23# Large prime number

[0063] g = 5# Generator

[0064] h = 4# Another random number generated by the generator

[0065] v = 3# Access permission value

[0066] r = random.randint(1, p-1) # Random number

[0067] # Generate commitment value

[0068] C = (g ** v * h ** r) % p

[0069] print(f"Commitment value: {C}")

[0070] # Step 1: The prover generates a provisional commitment value

[0071] v1 = random.randint(1, p-1)

[0072] r1 = random.randint(1, p-1)

[0073] C1 = (g ** v1 * h ** r1) % p

[0074] print(f"Temporary commitment value: {C1}")

[0075] # Step 2: The verifier selects a random challenge value

[0076] c = random.randint(1, p-1)

[0077] print(f"Challenge value: {c}")

[0078] # Step 3: The prover calculates the response value

[0079] r2 = (r1 + c * r) % p

[0080] print(f"Response value: {r2}")

[0081] # Step 4: Verifier Verification

[0082] left = (C1 * (C ** c)) % p

[0083] right = (g ** v1 * h ** r2) % p

[0084] print(f"Verification result: {left == right}").

[0085] Example 2

[0086] This embodiment provides a blockchain-based method for sharing radio station area information for electric vehicles, such as... Figure 1 As shown, please follow these steps:

[0087] Step 1, Data Submission: Electric vehicles and charging stations submit charging and discharging data to DeviceChain through full nodes. The submitted data includes sensitive information such as charging time, charging amount, and location.

[0088] Among them, the full node is responsible for verifying the integrity and authenticity of the data, and signing the data that passes the verification;

[0089] Step 2, data verification and storage: Full nodes submit verified data to the DeviceChain network for transaction broadcasting, participate in the consensus process, and store the data in DeviceChain to ensure its immutability and authenticity.

[0090] Step 3, Access Control and Sharing: Data owners (such as power grid companies) store access permissions for specific data in ShareChain. Access permissions are hidden through Pedersen commitments to ensure that unauthorized third parties cannot know the actual access permissions. Data requesters (such as charging station operators) use zero-knowledge proofs to prove to the verification nodes on ShareChain that they have the corresponding access permissions.

[0091] Step 4, Data Access Verification: The verification node verifies the data requester's access rights through a zero-knowledge proof process. Once the verification is successful, the data requester can access the shared data, thus realizing information sharing within the transformer area.

[0092] The above methods enable efficient and secure sharing of information between distribution centers; data submission and verification are performed through DeviceChain to ensure data integrity and immutability; access control and permission management are performed through ShareChain, utilizing Pedersen commitments and zero-knowledge proof technology to protect the privacy of data access permissions, ensuring security and privacy protection during the data sharing process.

[0093] Example 3

[0094] This embodiment provides the implementation code for the above system:

[0095] class EfficientHotStuff:

[0096] def __init__(self, node_id, network):

[0097] self.node_id = node_id

[0098] self.network = network

[0099] self.current_view = 0

[0100] self.blockchain = Blockchain()

[0101] def propose_block(self, data):

[0102] block = self.blockchain.create_block(data, self.current_view)

[0103] self.broadcast_proposal(block)

[0104] def broadcast_proposal(self, block):

[0105] for node in self.network.nodes:

[0106] node.receive_proposal(block)

[0107] def receive_proposal(self, block):

[0108] if self.validate_block(block):

[0109] self.broadcast_vote(block)

[0110] def broadcast_vote(self, block):

[0111] vote = self.sign_vote(block)

[0112] for node in self.network.nodes:

[0113] node.receive_vote(vote)

[0114] def receive_vote(self, vote):

[0115] if self.validate_vote(vote):

[0116] self.count_vote(vote)

[0117] def count_vote(self, vote):

[0118] self.blockchain.add_vote(vote)

[0119] if self.blockchain.has_quorum():

[0120] self.commit_block()

[0121] def commit_block(self):

[0122] block = self.blockchain.finalize_block()

[0123] self.blockchain.add_block(block)

[0124] self.current_view += 1

[0125] class Blockchain:

[0126] def __init__(self):

[0127] self.chain = []

[0128] self.pending_votes = []

[0129] def create_block(self, data, view):

[0130] return Block(data, view)

[0131] def add_vote(self, vote):

[0132] self.pending_votes.append(vote)

[0133] def has_quorum(self):

[0134] # Check if there are enough votes

[0135] return len(self.pending_votes)>= QUORUM_SIZE

[0136] def finalize_block(self):

[0137] # Finalize block with votes

[0138] return self.pending_votes[-1].block

[0139] def add_block(self, block):

[0140] self.chain.append(block)

[0141] self.pending_votes = []

[0142] class Block:

[0143] def __init__(self, data, view):

[0144] self.data = data

[0145] self.view = view

[0146] self.hash = self.calculate_hash()

[0147] def calculate_hash(self):

[0148] return hashlib.sha256((str(self.data) + str(self.view)).encode()).hexdigest()

[0149] Network:

[0150] def __init__(self):

[0151] self.nodes = []

[0152] def add_node(self, node):

[0153] self.nodes.append(node)

[0154] Example 4

[0155] This embodiment provides a comparison of the application effects of the improved Efficient-HotStuff consensus protocol in data sharing within a distribution network area containing electric vehicles, such as... Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 The image shows visualizations comparing throughput, latency, and security before and after the improvements:

[0156] Throughput Comparison:

[0157] Before the improvement: The number of transactions processed per second was low, approximately 100 TPS.

[0158] After improvement: The number of transactions processed per second has been significantly increased, reaching over 500 TPS.

[0159] Latency comparison:

[0160] Before the improvement: The confirmation delay for a single transaction was relatively high, approximately 5 seconds.

[0161] After improvement: The confirmation delay for a single transaction is reduced to less than 2 seconds.

[0162] Security Comparison:

[0163] Before the improvement: Under Byzantine node attacks, the system was prone to paralysis or data tampering.

[0164] After improvement: The system can still maintain high robustness and data integrity under Byzantine node attacks.

[0165] In summary, these visualizations demonstrate the significant advantages of the improved Efficient-HotStuff consensus protocol in increasing throughput, reducing latency, and enhancing security. The improved solution can better meet the data sharing needs of distribution network areas containing electric vehicles, thereby improving system reliability and efficiency.

[0166] This article uses specific embodiments to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The descriptions of the embodiments above are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A blockchain-based information sharing system for electric vehicle radio stations, characterized in that: The system includes a two-layer blockchain architecture, an improved Efficient-HotStuff consensus protocol, and the privacy-preserving access control PrivACC. The two-layer blockchain architecture includes: DeviceChain, an IoT device blockchain, is used to regulate data submissions; ShareChain, a data-sharing blockchain, is used for decentralized access control; The improved Efficient-HotStuff consensus protocol adds a parallel processing mechanism and a malicious node detection and isolation mechanism on the basis of HotStuff and Fast-HotStuff. The privacy-preserving access control PrivACC uses cryptographic techniques to protect the privacy of data access permissions and sharing relationships during the sharing process.

2. The blockchain-based electric vehicle radio station area information sharing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The IoT device blockchain DeviceChain is used to receive discharge data submitted by electric vehicles and charging stations, verify the integrity and authenticity of the data, and broadcast the verified data to the Efficient-HotStuff consensus protocol to participate in consensus.

3. The blockchain-based electric vehicle radio station area information sharing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data-sharing blockchain, ShareChain, is used to store privacy information about access permissions and data-sharing relationships, and verifies the access permissions of data requesters using zero-knowledge proof technology.

4. The blockchain-based electric vehicle radio station area information sharing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The improved Efficient-HotStuff consensus protocol specifically includes four phases: proposal, pre-commit, commit, and resolution. Each phase has a view number, which is used for sorting. Nodes in each phase enter the next phase through voting.

5. The blockchain-based electric vehicle radio station area information sharing system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The parallel processing mechanism in the improved Efficient-HotStuff consensus protocol is used to allow the proposal and verification of multiple blocks to be processed in parallel. The malicious node detection and isolation mechanism is used to prevent performance attacks on Byzantine nodes.

6. A blockchain-based method for sharing information on electric vehicle radio stations, employing the blockchain-based information sharing system for electric vehicle radio stations as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that... The specific steps are as follows: Step 1: Electric vehicles and charging stations submit charging and discharging data to the IoT device blockchain DeviceChain to participate in the consensus process; Step 2: The IoT device blockchain DeviceChain stores the data; Step 3: The data owner stores access permissions to the data in the data sharing blockchain ShareChain, and the data requester proves to the verification node on the data sharing blockchain ShareChain that it has the corresponding access permissions through zero-knowledge proof. Step 4: The verification node verifies the data requester's access rights through a zero-knowledge proof process. After successful verification, the data requester can access the shared data, thereby realizing information sharing in the transformer substation area.

7. The method for sharing radio station area information for electric vehicles based on blockchain according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step 1, electric vehicles and charging stations submit charging and discharging data to the IoT device blockchain DeviceChain through full nodes. Full nodes are used to verify the integrity and authenticity of the data and sign the verified data. Full nodes submit the verified data to the IoT device blockchain DeviceChain and participate in the consensus process.

8. The method for sharing radio station area information for electric vehicles based on blockchain according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step 3, the access permissions are hidden using cryptographic techniques.

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