Adjustable small particle quantitative distance separating mechanism

Abstract

The present application belongs to the field of agricultural machinery, and relates to a kind of adjustable small particle quantitative fixed-distance separation mechanism, wheel disc fixing plate is installed between seed inlet and seed discharge pipeline below seed box, inner wheel disc is installed in the middle of wheel disc fixing plate, outer wheel disc is installed on the periphery of inner wheel disc, there is gap in outer wheel disc, gap corresponds to inverted trapezoidal recess opening of inner wheel disc, electromagnetic clutch is arranged on inner wheel disc, adjusting block is arranged at seed discharge port of inner wheel disc and outer wheel disc, there is self-adapting pad on adjusting block, adjusting spring is arranged in inner wheel disc below self-adapting pad;Sensor is installed on wheel frame of seeding machine, sliding block seat is arranged on sensor, fixed-distance adjusting sliding block is arranged in sliding block seat, one end of sensor is provided with wire harness end, sensor is connected with two wire harness ends on motor. Thus, on the basis of quantitative separation of small particle seeds, different plant spacing can be adjusted in real time, the problem of seed waste in early planting and the defect of manual control of seeding distance are solved, time and labor are saved, and planting efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery, and specifically relates to an adjustable small particle quantitative and distance separation mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, small-seed planting technology for crops remains at the manual broadcasting stage. Controlling plant spacing and seed quantity per plant relies on human perception, leading to a large number of excess seedlings during the seedling stage and requiring extensive manual weeding, resulting in significant seed waste and increased labor intensity during later stages. Existing planting machines merely replace manual labor; they haven't solved the problem of precise, quantitative sowing of small seeds. In recent years, regarding quantitative separation, some seeders, when retaining individual seedlings and dealing with seeds of varying sizes, exhibit significant drawbacks with their fixed separation chambers, often resulting in crushed or stuck seeds. Other seeders, when sowing millet, require pelleting, which, while quantitative, is time-consuming and labor-intensive. For precise spacing sowing, current technology lacks solutions for varying plant spacing requirements, such as switching between dense planting and general planting. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the above-mentioned technical deficiencies and provide an adjustable small particle quantitative and distance separation mechanism with a compact structure, accurate quantitative and distance separation, and high sowing efficiency.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve the technical problem is an adjustable small particle quantitative and distance-based separation mechanism, comprising a seed inlet pipe, a seed outlet pipe, a motor, a coupling, wheels, and a wheel frame. Its characteristic is that a wheel fixing plate is bolted to the shell wall between the seed inlet pipe and the seed outlet pipe below the seed box. An inner wheel is movably mounted in the middle hole of the wheel fixing plate using a bearing. An outer wheel is slidably connected to the outer wheel, and the right side of the outer wheel is fixed to the wheel fixing plate. A notch is provided above the outer wheel, corresponding to an inverted trapezoidal recessed opening on the inner wheel below the seed inlet pipe. An electromagnetic clutch is provided in the hollow center of the inner wheel, and the electromagnetic clutch is connected to the coupling via a transition shaft. The motor output shaft is connected to the central groove. The motor is fixed to the motor mounting plate by a motor limiting plate. The motor mounting plate is fixed parallel to the inner and outer wheel discs on the lower shell of the seed box. Adjustment blocks are provided on the inner wheel disc and at the seed discharge port of the outer wheel disc. An adaptive pad is slidably connected below the adjustment block. An adjustment spring is provided in the groove of the inner wheel disc below the adaptive pad. A sensor mounting base is fixed on the horizontal wheel frame around the wheel axle at the center of the seeder's wheel. A sensor is mounted on the sensor mounting base. A slider seat is provided above the sensor. A distance adjustment slider is set in the slider seat. A wire harness end is provided on one end of the sensor. The wire harness end on the sensor is connected to the wire harness end on the motor by a wire harness.

[0005] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The adjustable small-particle powder quantitative and distance-based separation mechanism, while achieving quantitative separation of small-particle crop seeds, avoids problems such as crushing or sticking caused by abrupt changes in size or appearance of small seeds during quantitative separation, thanks to the adaptive clearance module formed by the adaptive pad and spring. This greatly improves the stability and adaptability of quantitative separation of similar seeds. Regarding the distance-based sowing function, different plant spacings can be adjusted in real time by adjusting the synchronous position of the sensor and the distance adjustment slider, making the entire planting technology more flexible. It solves the problem of seed waste in the early stages of planting and the shortcomings of uneven sowing distance control by manual labor, saving manpower and resources and improving planting efficiency. The overall structure of the mechanism is compact, easy to install and disassemble, and flexible in use. Attached Figure Description

[0006] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, illustrates specific embodiments.

[0007] Figure 1 This is an external structural diagram of an adjustable small particle quantitative and distance separation mechanism.

[0008] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Top view.

[0009] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A-A sectional view of the structure.

[0010] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the connection relationship between the outer and inner wheels in 3 different configurations.

[0011] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Enlarged view of the structure at point I.

[0012] Figure 6 This is a diagram showing the connection between the wheel and the fixed-distance structure.

[0013] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Enlarged view of the structure at point II.

[0014] In the diagram: 1 - Seed inlet pipe; 2 - Motor mounting plate; 3 - Outer wheel; 3-1 - Notch; 4 - Inner wheel; 4-1 - Inverted trapezoidal recessed opening; 5 - Motor limit plate; 6 - Coupling; 7 - Wiring harness end; 8 - Motor; 9 - Seed discharge pipe; 10 - Electromagnetic clutch; 11 - Transition shaft; 12 - Bearing; 13 - Wheel fixing plate; 14 - Adjusting spring; 15 - Adjusting block; 16 - Adaptive pad; 17 - Wheel frame; 18 - Sensor; 19 - Distance adjustment slider; 20 - Slider seat; 21 - Sensor fixing seat; 22 - Wheel axle; 23 - Wheel.

[0015] Specific implementation methods

[0016] Example, see attached document Figures 1-6 The adjustable small-particle quantitative and distance-based separation mechanism is a wheel fixing plate 13 bolted to the shell wall between the seed inlet pipe 1 and the seed outlet pipe 9 below the seed box of the seeder. An inner wheel 4 is movably mounted in the center hole of the wheel fixing plate 13 using a bearing 12. An outer wheel 3 is slidably connected to the outer wheel 4, and the right side of the outer wheel 3 is fixedly connected to the left side of the wheel fixing plate 13. A notch is provided above the outer wheel 3, corresponding to the inverted trapezoidal recessed opening 4-1 on the inner wheel 4 below the seed inlet pipe 1. An electromagnetic clutch circuit 10 is provided in the hollow center of the inner wheel 4, and the electromagnetic clutch circuit 10 is connected to a coupling 6 via a transition shaft 11. The output shaft of the motor 8 is connected to the central groove of the coupling 6. The motor 8 is fixedly mounted on the left side of the motor mounting plate 2 using a motor limiting plate 5, and a wiring harness end 7 is connected to the motor 8. The motor mounting plate 2 is fixed parallel to the inner wheel 4 and the outer wheel 3 on the shell below the seed box. An adjusting block 15 is provided on the inner disc 4 at the seed dispensing port of the outer disc 3. An adaptive pad 16 is slidably connected below the adjusting block 15. A groove is provided on the inner disc 4 below the adaptive pad 16, and two adjusting springs 14 are arranged side-by-side in the groove. The upper end of the adjusting spring 14 is connected to the lower part of the adaptive pad 16, and the lower end of the adjusting spring 14 is connected to the groove of the inner disc 4. The outer disc 3 and inner disc 4 are driven by the motor 8 during the seeder's movement, realizing the quantitative function of small-particle seeding. A sensor mounting base 21 is installed on the wheel frame 17 surrounding the wheel axle 22 of the seeder's traveling wheel 23. A sensor 18 is fixed above the sensor mounting base 21, and a slider seat 20 is provided above the sensor 18. A distance adjusting slider 19 is set inside the slider seat 20. A wire harness end 7 is provided on the front face of the sensor 18. The wire harness end 7 on the sensor 18 is connected to the wire harness end 7 on the motor 8 by a wire harness for control, realizing the function of fixed-distance seed sowing.

[0017] The working principle of this invention is as follows: when a control signal is issued, the arc length traversed by the wheel 23 corresponds to the travel distance of the main body of the mechanism. When the fixed-distance adjustment slider 19 disengages from the recognition area of ​​the sensor 18 and re-enters the recognition area, the sensor 18 sends a control signal to the motor 8, causing the motor 8 to complete a fixed-angle reciprocating rotation of 135 degrees, thus completing the power input to the mechanism.

[0018] From the perspective of the entire quantitative and distance-based function, after the control signal is given, the corresponding mechanism has reached the designed plant spacing position, and at the same time, the seed separation mechanism is activated to complete the quantitative sowing.

[0019] To achieve quantitative separation, firstly, based on the characteristics of different small seed particles, a suitable separation volume is defined by the slider of the inverted trapezoidal recessed opening 4-1 structure of the inner wheel 4, so that the preset amount of seeds can be completely contained by the inverted trapezoidal separation cavity of the inner wheel 4. Small seeds are introduced through the seed inlet pipe above, pass through the through-channel of the outer wheel 3, and enter the inverted trapezoidal separation chamber of the inner wheel 4. At this time, the preset amount of seeds to be separated will be completely contained in the inverted trapezoidal separation chamber of the inner wheel 4. When the wheel 23 moves to the preset position, the sensor 18 sends a control signal, and the motor 8 transmits the rotational power to the inner cross-shaped surface of the inner wheel 4 through the cross-shaped surface of the clutch 10, so that the inner wheel 4 completes one reciprocating swing within a swing angle stroke of 135 degrees. During the swing, the seeds contained in the separation chamber of the inner wheel 4 at the initial position are thrown out onto the inner wall of the outer wheel 3 and finally slide into the seed discharge pipe 1. At the same time, when the inner wheel 4 returns to its original position, another set of predetermined number of seeds will slide into the separation chamber of the inner wheel 4, waiting to receive the electrical signal from the sensor 18 to realize the next quantitative separation.

[0020] There are many methods for achieving fixed spacing, but to facilitate customized, real-time, and flexible adjustment of plant spacing, this design uses sensor 18 as the basis for fixed spacing. The fixed spacing mechanism achieves this by simultaneously adjusting the positions of the fixed spacing adjustment slider 19 and sensor 18. The farther their working positions are from the center of the wheel 23, the longer the execution cycle of the sowing action, i.e., the longer the quantitative seed separation cycle, thus achieving the effect of controlling plant spacing.

Claims

1. An adjustable small particle quantitative and distance-based separation mechanism, comprising a seed inlet pipe (1), a seed outlet pipe (9), a motor (8), a coupling (6), a wheel (23), and a wheel frame (17), characterized in that, A fixed wheel plate (13) is used to fix the shell wall between the seed inlet pipe (1) and the seed outlet pipe (9) below the seed box. An inner wheel plate (4) is movably mounted in the middle hole of the wheel plate (13) using a bearing (12). An outer wheel plate (3) is slidably connected to the outer periphery of the inner wheel plate (4). The right side of the outer wheel plate (3) is fixed together with the wheel plate (13). A notch (3-1) is provided above the outer wheel plate (3). The notch (3-1) corresponds to the inverted trapezoidal recessed opening (4-1) provided on the inner wheel plate (4) below the seed inlet pipe (1). An electromagnetic clutch (10) is provided in the hollow center of the inner wheel plate (4). The electromagnetic clutch (10) is connected to a coupling (6) by a transition shaft (11). The motor output shaft is connected to the central groove of the coupling (6). The motor (8) is fixed on the motor mounting plate (2) by a motor limiting plate (5). (2) The inner wheel (4) and outer wheel (3) are fixed parallel to each other on the lower shell of the seed box. An adjustment block (15) is provided on the inner wheel (4) and at the seed outlet of the outer wheel (3). An adaptive pad (16) is slidably connected below the adjustment block (15). An adjustment spring (14) is provided in the groove of the inner wheel (4) below the adaptive pad (16). A sensor mounting base (21) is fixed on the wheel frame (17) around the wheel axle (22) at the center of the seeder wheel (23). A sensor (18) is mounted on the sensor mounting base (21). A slider seat (20) is provided above the sensor (18). A distance adjustment slider (19) is set in the slider seat (20). A wire harness end (7) is provided on one end of the sensor (18). The wire harness end (7) on the sensor (18) is connected to the wire harness end (7) on the motor (8) by a wire harness.

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