A safe and automated die-casting machine

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of metal die-casting equipment technology, and discloses a safe and automatic die-casting machine for part removal, including a moving mold and a stationary mold. A stop block is fixedly connected to one side of the bottom end of the moving mold, forming a flow channel between the stop block and the stationary mold. An injection tube is fixedly connected to one side of the bottom end of the stationary mold, and an injection piston for injecting molten metal is slidably sleeved inside the injection tube. A storage tube for storing molten metal is fixedly connected to one side of the bottom end of the stationary mold. The invention uses a motor drive to rotate a switching block, switching the corresponding position of the sealing block. After the mold closes, the sealing block is aligned with the inner wall of the injection tube and the stop block, allowing the injection piston to drive the switching block into the injection tube without introducing air through negative pressure. The switching block is then switched again to correspond to the position of the connecting pipe opening. This, combined with the movement of the injection piston, draws in a fixed quantity of molten metal, preventing the introduction of air, improving die-casting quality, and enabling rapid injection at a rated rate, thus improving injection efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of metal die-casting equipment technology, specifically to a safe and automatic die-casting machine for unloading parts. Background Technology

[0002] A die casting machine is a casting device that injects molten metal into a mold under pressure, and after cooling and solidification, produces a casting of a certain shape and size. Existing die casting machines include a mold-opening and closing hydraulic mechanism and an injection mechanism. The injection mechanism includes an injection tube and a piston located inside the injection tube. A hydraulic rod drives the piston to reciprocate. When the molten metal needs to be injected into the cavity through a pre-reserved channel after the moving and stationary molds are closed, a robotic arm first uses a spoon to collect a measured amount of molten metal from a heat-insulating cylinder. The molten metal is then poured into the injection tube from the top opening. The piston injects the molten metal, and during the injection process, the piston moves slowly first and then injects rapidly to reduce the possibility of air trapped in the cavity. After die casting is completed, the robotic arm clamps the die casting out, completing the part removal process.

[0003] However, in the process of using traditional die-casting machines, the molten metal taken out by the spoon is prone to quality deviation, and the quantitative accuracy of the molten metal also affects the range of cake thickness. During the injection process, if the pouring mass is lower than the rated value, when the piston moves to the speed change position, the molten metal is prone to splashing and filling the cavity, causing air entrapment, which can easily lead to defects such as pores inside the die-casting. If the pouring mass is higher than the rated value, when the piston reaches the speed change position, some molten metal has already entered the cavity through the gate at a low speed, which can easily lead to cold shut defects in the die-casting, affecting the molding quality of the die-casting. In addition, the traditional spoon needs to be tilted slowly to avoid air entrapment, which affects the efficiency of the injection action. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of existing die-casting machines mentioned in the background art, the present invention provides a safe and automatic die-casting machine that has the advantages of avoiding the introduction of air during the liquid feeding process and improving injection efficiency, thus solving the technical problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] The present invention provides the following technical solution: a safe and automatic die casting machine, comprising a moving mold and a stationary mold, wherein a stop block is fixedly connected to one side of the bottom end of the moving mold, and a flow channel is formed between the stop block and the stationary mold; an injection tube is fixedly connected to one side of the bottom end of the stationary mold, and an injection piston for injecting molten metal is slidably sleeved inside the injection tube; a storage tube for storing molten metal is fixedly connected to one side of the bottom end of the stationary mold, wherein the mass of molten metal in the storage tube is not less than the mass required for forming a single die casting part; a connecting tube for connecting the storage tube and the injection tube is fixedly connected to the bottom of the storage tube; a guide block is slidably sleeved inside the stop block; a switching block is rotatably connected to one side of the guide block; and a sealing block for sealing the opening of the connecting tube is movably provided on the top of the switching block.

[0006] The bottom of the moving mold is provided with a switching mechanism. The switching mechanism can drive the cooperating injection piston to fill the injection tube with the switching block when the switching block closes the injection tube. The switching mechanism can drive the switching block to rotate and the closing block to extend and retract. When the switching block is filled into the injection tube, the closing block is kept extended. When the switching block rotates, the closing block is contracted when its position corresponds to the position of the connecting pipe. When the closing block rotates to the position corresponding to the drainage channel, the closing block is kept contracted. The switching mechanism can keep the position of the switching block stationary when the injection piston performs the injection action.

[0007] Preferably, the top of the flow guide block is provided with a flow guide groove communicating with the flow guide channel, the outer diameter of the switching block and the flow guide block is adapted to the inner diameter of the injection tube, and the switching block can close the opening of the connecting tube when it corresponds to the position of the connecting tube.

[0008] Preferably, a sealed cavity is formed between the baffle and the guide block. The switching mechanism includes an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe. Both the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe are fixedly connected to the baffle and communicate with the sealed cavity. An exhaust pressure valve is fixedly installed on the body of the air outlet pipe, and a one-way valve is fixedly installed on the body of the air inlet pipe.

[0009] Preferably, the starting pressure of the exhaust pressure valve is greater than the injection pressure of the molten metal, and a limit rod is slidably connected to one side of the top of the stop block.

[0010] Preferably, the switching mechanism further includes a transmission rod, which is fixedly connected to the switching block. One end of the transmission rod is fixedly connected to a spline shaft, and a motor is fixedly connected to one side of the bottom end of the moving mold. The output end of the motor is fixedly connected to a transmission shaft, and one end of the transmission shaft is fixedly connected to a spline sleeve for driving the spline shaft to rotate.

[0011] Preferably, an annular cavity is provided on one side of the switching block, and a fixing ring for adjusting the size of the annular cavity is fixedly connected to one side of the stop block. The fixing ring is adapted to the diameter of the annular cavity. A telescopic cavity is formed between the sealing block, the guide block, and the switching block. A connecting hole for connecting the telescopic cavity and the annular cavity is provided inside the switching block.

[0012] Preferably, the bottom of the closing block is fixedly connected to a top rod that limits the sliding range of the closing block, and the outer side of the closing block is set as an arc surface that matches the arc surface of the switching block.

[0013] Preferably, a filter assembly is provided at the opening of the liquid storage tube, and a heater is provided inside the tube wall.

[0014] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] 1. This invention utilizes a pressure injection piston in conjunction with a sealing block and a guide block. After the moving and stationary molds are closed, negative pressure drives a switching block to move, allowing the switching block to fill the injection tube without introducing air. When a specified amount of molten metal needs to be filled, a motor, in conjunction with a drive shaft, drive rod, spline shaft, and spline sleeve, drives the switching block to rotate. This causes the sealing block to switch from being in contact with the inner wall of the injection tube to being aligned with the connecting pipe. After the fixed ring annular groove moves, the air pressure in the annular groove and the telescopic cavity forms a negative pressure relative to the molten metal in the connecting pipe. The sealing block contracts and draws in molten metal of a corresponding mass. Thus, without introducing air, the storage pipe is connected to the injection tube cavity through the connecting pipe, ensuring stable control of the molten metal inlet quality and preventing the introduction of air from affecting subsequent molten metal extraction.

[0016] 2. This invention quantitatively fills molten metal by moving a rated distance with the injection piston connected to the injection tube and the storage tube, thereby improving the stability of the molten metal filling quality and avoiding the impact of excessive or insufficient molten metal filling on the quality of the die-casting. At the same time, no air is introduced during the molten metal suction process. In the subsequent injection process, it is not necessary to first slowly exhaust air and then inject at high speed. It can inject at a rated high speed. In addition, the suction process can be faster than the traditional slow pouring with a spoon, without the entrainment of air. While improving the quality of die casting, it further improves the efficiency of the injection process. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure at the stop block of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged view of the structure at point A in the image;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the connecting pipe structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the closed block of the present invention in the extended state.

[0023] In the diagram: 1. Injection tube; 2. Liquid reservoir; 3. Injection piston; 4. Stop block; 5. Switching block; 6. Guide block; 7. Motor; 8. Drive shaft; 9. Spline sleeve; 10. Inlet pipe; 11. Outlet pipe; 12. Check valve; 13. Exhaust pressure valve; 14. Connecting pipe; 15. Drive rod; 16. Limiting rod; 17. Sealing block; 18. Fixing ring; 19. Annular cavity; 20. Connecting hole; 21. Moving mold; 22. Stationary mold; 23. Ejector pin; 24. Spline shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] Please see Figures 1-2 A safe and automatic die-casting machine includes a moving mold 21 and a stationary mold 22. When the moving mold 21 and the stationary mold 22 are closed, a cavity for die-casting and a liquid inlet channel for molten metal to be injected into the cavity are formed. A stop block 4 is fixedly connected to one side of the bottom end of the moving mold 21. The stop block 4 is embedded in the stationary mold 22 when the moving mold 21 and the stationary mold 22 are closed. A drainage channel communicating with the liquid inlet channel is formed between the stop block 4 and the stationary mold 22. An injection tube 1 is fixedly connected to one side of the bottom end of the stationary mold 22. A storage tube 2 for temporarily storing molten metal is fixedly connected to one side of the bottom end of the stationary mold 22. A liquid inlet is opened at the top of one side of the storage tube 2. Before the start of a single injection action, the robotic arm of the die-casting machine picks up a spoon to take out the molten metal from the heat preservation tank and fills it into the storage tube 2. The mass of the molten metal filled into the storage tube 2 is not less than the mass required for the formation of a single die-casting part.

[0026] A filter assembly is provided at the opening of the liquid storage pipe 2. The filter assembly is preferably a filter screen. Since the liquid is introduced into the liquid storage pipe 2 before the next injection action, the filtration process avoids the influence of aluminum dross on subsequent injections without affecting the efficiency of the molten metal injection. A heater is provided inside the pipe wall of the liquid storage pipe 2. The heater is used to ensure the temperature of the molten metal in the liquid storage pipe 2 and to ensure the forming quality of the die casting. An injection piston 3 for injecting molten metal is slidably sleeved inside the injection pipe 1. One end of the injection piston 3 is fixedly connected to the hydraulic rod, which can drive the injection piston 3 to move back and forth.

[0027] See Figures 1-4 A connecting pipe 14 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the liquid storage tube 2. One end of the connecting pipe 14 is fixedly connected to the injection tube 1. The connecting pipe 14 connects the cavity of the liquid storage tube 2 and the cavity of the injection tube 1. A guide block 6 is slidably sleeved on the inner side of the baffle 4. A guide groove communicating with the guide channel is opened on the top of the guide block 6. A switching block 5 is rotatably connected to one side of the guide block 6. The outer diameter of the switching block 5 and the guide block 6 is adapted to the inner diameter of the injection tube 1. The guide block 6 can slide in the radial direction relative to the baffle 4. A sealed cavity is formed between the baffle 4 and the guide block 6. A sealing block 17 for sealing the opening of the connecting pipe 14 is movably set on the top of the switching block 5. The sealing block 17 is inverted L-shaped and the outer side is set as an arc surface.

[0028] See Figures 2-6 An air inlet pipe 10 is fixedly installed on one side of the bottom of the baffle 4, and an air outlet pipe 11 is fixedly installed on the same side. A one-way valve 12 is fixedly installed on the body of the air inlet pipe 10. The one-way valve 12 allows air from outside the baffle 4 to enter the sealed cavity in one direction. An exhaust pressure valve 13 is fixedly installed on the body of the exhaust pipe 11. The exhaust pressure valve 13 is preferably a pressure relief valve, but it can also be configured as a back pressure valve. The starting pressure of the exhaust pressure valve 13 is greater than the injection pressure of the injected molten metal. A transmission rod 15 is fixedly connected to the midpoint of one side of block 5. A spline shaft 24 is fixedly connected to one end of the transmission rod 15. A motor 7 is fixedly connected to one side of the bottom of the moving mold 21. A transmission shaft 8 is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor 7. A spline sleeve 9 for driving the spline shaft 24 to rotate is fixedly connected to one end of the transmission shaft 8. The spline sleeve 9 is slidably sleeved with the spline shaft 24, and the rotation of the spline sleeve 9 can drive the spline shaft 24 to rotate. During the process of the guide block 6 moving and driving the transmission rod 15 to move, the spline sleeve 9 and the spline shaft 24 remain sleeved.

[0029] A limiting rod 16 is slidably connected to one side of the top of the stop block 4. The limiting rod 16 is T-shaped and can move relative to the stop block 4 without disengaging from it. One end of the limiting rod 16 is fixedly connected to the guide block 6. The limiting rod 16 restricts the rotation of the guide block 6 relative to the stop block 4 and limits the sliding range of the guide block 6 relative to the stop block 4. An annular cavity 19 is provided on one side of the switching block 5. A fixing ring 18 for adjusting the size of the annular cavity 19 is fixedly connected to one side of the stop block 4. The diameter of the fixing ring 18 is adapted to the diameter of the annular cavity 19 and one side of the fixing ring 18 is embedded in the annular cavity 19, so that the annular cavity 19 remains closed during the movement of the guide block 6 and the switching block 5. A connecting hole 20 for connecting the telescopic cavity and the annular cavity 19 is provided inside the switching block 5. A top rod 23 for limiting the sliding range of the sealing block 17 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sealing block 17. The top rod 23 is inverted T-shaped and can slide relative to the switching block 5 without disengaging from it.

[0030] The guide block 6 and the switching block 5 remain retracted inside the stop block 4, that is, the guide block 6 and the stop block 4 remain in contact. The gas in the telescopic cavity pushes the sealing block 17 to remain in the extended state, that is, the arc surface of the sealing block 17 and the arc surface of the switching block 5 cooperate to form a complete ring. The liquid storage tube 2 is filled with enough molten metal to form the die casting part. The hydraulic rod drives the injection piston 3 to move to the side close to the switching block 5. The motor 7 drives the transmission shaft 8 to rotate. The transmission shaft 8 drives the spline sleeve 9 to rotate. The spline sleeve 9 drives the spline shaft 24 to rotate, which in turn drives the transmission rod 15 to rotate. The transmission drives the switching block 5 to rotate. The angle of the sealing block 17 is adjusted so that the sealing block 17 is offset from the guide groove at the top of the guide block 6, that is, the sealing block 17 is offset from the guide groove at the top of the stop block 4 and is in contact with the inner wall of the stop block 4. The moving mold 21 and the stationary mold 22 close the mold. The moving mold 21 drives the stop block 4 to move. The stop block 4 drives the guide block 6 to move.

[0031] The guide block 6 drives the switching block 5 to move until the moving mold 21 and the stationary mold 22 are in contact. At this time, the switching block 5 is in contact with the opening of the injection tube 1 and closes the opening of the injection tube 1. The switching block 5 is also in contact with the injection piston 3. The hydraulic rod drives the injection piston 3 to move. A negative pressure is formed between the injection piston 3 and the switching block 5, which drives the switching block 5 to extend out of the stop block 4. The switching block 5 drives the guide block 6 to extend out of the stop block 4. Air enters the sealed cavity through the air inlet pipe 10 in one direction. The length of the fixed ring 18 embedded in the annular cavity 19 gradually decreases, which increases the volume of the annular cavity 19 and decreases the air pressure. The sealing block 17 cooperates with the inner wall of the stop block 4, the inner wall of the injection tube 1, the guide block 6 and the switching block 5 to keep the position of the sealing block 17 fixed until the switching block 5 extends out of the stop block 4. The outer wall of the switching block 5 replaces the injection piston 3 to close the opening of the connecting pipe 14.

[0032] The rotation of motor 7 drives the switching block 5 to rotate, so that the position of the sealing block 17 corresponds to the position of the pipe opening of the connecting pipe 14. The telescopic cavity forms a relative negative pressure with respect to the connecting pipe 14. The sealing block 17 moves closer to the center of the switching block 5 and draws in a metal liquid of the size of the removed volume, ensuring that no air is introduced during the process of the switching block 5 entering the injection tube 1. It can also switch between the connecting channel and the connecting pipe 14, causing the injection piston 3 to move again. The movement of the injection piston 3 creates a negative pressure that continuously draws a rated amount of metal liquid from the liquid storage pipe 2 through the channel opened by the sealing block 17. This ensures that the amount of metal liquid entering is fixed, and when adjusting the amount of liquid entering, only the suction amount of the injection piston 3 needs to be adjusted. The metal liquid entering the injection tube 1 does not contain air, avoiding the influence of air on the subsequent injection quality.

[0033] After the liquid is injected, the motor 7 drives the switching block 5 to rotate, so that the position of the sealing block 17 corresponds to the position of the guide groove. The injection piston 3 injects at the rated speed. The molten metal enters the cavity through the guide groove and the drainage channel. Since no air is introduced, there is no need to inject slowly first and then quickly. The injection can always be carried out quickly, which improves the efficiency of the injection action. Until the injection piston 3 ejects the sucked molten metal, the injection piston 3 and the switching block 5 are pressed together. The injection piston 3 continues to move, so that the guide block 6 tends to compress the sealed cavity. When the air pressure in the sealed cavity is higher than the rated value of the pressure relief valve, the injection piston 3 drives the switching block 5 to move, so that the switching block 5 and the guide block 6 retract into the stop block 4, which facilitates mold separation and the injection piston 3 replaces the sealing of the pipe opening of the connecting pipe 14. After the injection action is completed, molten metal can be filled into the liquid storage pipe 2 again. After mold separation, the robotic arm of the die casting machine takes out the die casting, completing a single die casting.

[0034] The method of using (working principle) of this invention is as follows:

[0035] After the moving mold 21 and the stationary mold 22 are closed, when it is necessary to fill the injection tube 1 with molten metal, the injection piston 3 moves to create negative pressure, which drives the switching block 5 to move. The sealing block 17 remains extended, so that the switching block 5 is embedded in the injection tube 1 without introducing air. The motor 7 drives the switching block 5 to rotate, so that the sealing block 17 rotates to correspond to the position of the connecting pipe 14 and then retracts and opens. The injection piston 3 moves again and draws in the rated amount of molten metal through negative pressure without introducing air. The motor 7 drives the switching block 5 to rotate again, so that the position of the sealing block 17 is switched to correspond to the position of the guide groove, so that the injection piston 3 can maintain a fast injection action. After the injection action is completed, the injection piston 3 continues to move to push the switching block 5 to reset.

Claims

1. A safe and automatic die-casting machine for part removal, comprising a moving mold (21) and a stationary mold (22), wherein a stop block (4) is fixedly connected to one side of the bottom end of the moving mold (21), and a flow channel is formed between the stop block (4) and the stationary mold (22); an injection tube (1) is fixedly connected to one side of the bottom end of the stationary mold (22), and an injection piston (3) for injecting molten metal is slidably sleeved inside the injection tube (1), characterized in that: A liquid storage pipe (2) for storing molten metal is fixedly connected to one side of the bottom end of the stationary mold (22). A connecting pipe (14) for connecting the liquid storage pipe (2) and the injection pipe (1) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the liquid storage pipe (2). A flow guide block (6) is slidably sleeved on the inner side of the stop block (4). A switching block (5) is rotatably connected to one side of the flow guide block (6). A sealing block (17) for sealing the opening of the connecting pipe (14) is movably provided on the top of the switching block (5). The bottom of the moving mold (21) is provided with a switching mechanism. The switching mechanism can drive the cooperating injection piston (3) to fill the injection tube (1) with the switching block (5) when the switching block (5) closes the injection tube (1). The switching mechanism can drive the switching block (5) to rotate and the closing block (17) to extend and retract. When the switching block (5) is filled into the injection tube (1), the closing block (17) is kept extended. When the switching block (5) rotates, the closing block (17) is retracted when its position corresponds to the position of the connecting pipe (14). When the closing block (17) rotates to correspond to the position of the drainage channel, the closing block (17) is kept retracted. The switching mechanism can keep the position of the switching block (5) stationary when the injection piston (3) performs the injection action.

2. The die-casting machine with safe automatic part removal according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the guide block (6) is provided with a guide groove that communicates with the guide channel. The outer diameter of the switching block (5) and the guide block (6) is adapted to the inner diameter of the injection tube (1). When the switching block (5) corresponds to the position of the connecting tube (14), it can close the opening of the connecting tube (14).

3. The die-casting machine with safe automatic part removal according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealed cavity is formed between the baffle (4) and the guide block (6). The switching mechanism includes an air inlet pipe (10) and an air outlet pipe (11). Both the air inlet pipe (10) and the air outlet pipe (11) are fixedly connected to the baffle (4) and communicate with the sealed cavity. An exhaust pressure valve (13) is fixedly installed on the body of the air outlet pipe (11), and a one-way valve (12) is fixedly installed on the body of the air inlet pipe (10).

4. The die-casting machine with safe automatic part removal according to claim 3, characterized in that: The starting pressure of the exhaust pressure valve (13) is greater than the injection pressure of the injection molten metal, and a limit rod (16) is slidably connected to one side of the top of the stop (4).

5. A safe and automatic die-casting machine for unloading parts according to claim 3, characterized in that: The switching mechanism also includes a transmission rod (15), which is fixedly connected to the switching block (5). One end of the transmission rod (15) is fixedly connected to a spline shaft (24). A motor (7) is fixedly connected to one side of the bottom end of the moving mold (21). A transmission shaft (8) is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor (7). A spline sleeve (9) for driving the spline shaft (24) to rotate is fixedly connected to one end of the transmission shaft (8).

6. The die-casting machine with safe automatic part removal according to claim 1, characterized in that: The switching block (5) has an annular cavity (19) on one side. The stop block (4) has a fixed ring (18) for adjusting the size of the annular cavity (19) on one side. The fixed ring (18) is adapted to the diameter of the annular cavity (19). The sealing block (17), the guide block (6), and the switching block (5) form a telescopic cavity. The switching block (5) has a connecting hole (20) inside for connecting the telescopic cavity and the annular cavity (19).

7. A safe and automatic die-casting machine for unloading parts according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bottom of the closing block (17) is fixedly connected to a top rod (23) that limits the sliding range of the closing block (17). The outer side of the closing block (17) is set as an arc surface and the arc surface is adapted to the arc surface of the switching block (5).

8. A die-casting machine with safe automatic part removal according to claim 1, characterized in that: A filter assembly is provided at the opening of the liquid storage pipe (2), and a heater is provided inside the pipe wall of the liquid storage pipe (2).

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