Miniature LED display device

Abstract

A micro LED display device comprising: at least one monolithic micro LED projector (1601) formed for individually generating monochromatic images of the same color or of different colors; an optical waveguide (1602) formed to receive the monochromatic image from the monolithic micro LED projector (1601), to transmit the monochromatic image, and to overlap the monochromatic image into a target image, respectively; wherein the monolithic micro LED projector (1601) comprises an array of micro LEDs, the micro LEDs are used to represent the pixels; the main light angles of some micro LEDs are different.

Description

[0001] This patent application is a divisional application of Chinese patent application No. CN 202180105308.0, with a filing date of December 31, 2021 and titled “Micro LED Display Device”, which entered the Chinese national phase on June 28, 2024 in accordance with the PCT Treaty. Technical Field

[0002] The present disclosure generally relates to the field of light emitting diode technology, and more particularly to a micro LED display device. Background Art

[0003] Inorganic micro-pixel light-emitting diodes (μ-LEDs) are increasingly important due to their use in a variety of applications including self-emissive microdisplays, visible light communications, and optogenetics. μ-LEDs show higher output performance than conventional LEDs due to better strain relaxation, improved light extraction efficiency, and uniform current spreading. Compared to conventional LEDs, μ-LEDs also exhibit improved thermal effects, improved operation at higher current densities, faster response rates, larger operating temperature ranges, higher resolutions, wider color gamuts, stronger contrast, and lower power consumption.

[0004] Inorganic μ-LEDs are typically fabricated by etching III-V epitaxial layers to form multiple mesas. Most of the light emitted from the sidewalls of the mesas has a large emission angle perpendicular to the microdisplay; however, the emitted light with a large emission angle is blocked and lost in augmented reality (AR) devices and will not reach the human eye, thereby reducing the luminous efficiency. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the loss of emitted light from the sidewalls of the mesas.

[0005] In addition, the main light angle of the traditional μ-LED cannot be changed and is always emitted from the top of the table in the vertical direction, which reduces the light emitted from the side walls of the table, reducing the luminous efficiency and luminous intensity. In addition, the main light angles of each μ-LED in the μ-LED array are the same, which narrows the application range of the μ-LED array.

[0006] In addition, micro LED display panels generally use micro LEDs to represent pixels. Recently, one or more micro LED projectors formed with micro LED display panels are generally coupled with waveguides to transmit images, which will be applied to a head-up display device or any other smaller device. Although the volume of the micro LED panel is small, the volume of the micro LED projector based on multiple micro LED display panels is large and cannot be reduced, such as the thickness of VR glasses or AR glasses, which is not conducive to the development of head-up display devices, such as virtual reality (VR) glasses, augmented reality (AR) head-mounted devices, or other smaller devices.

[0007] The above contents are only included to help understand the technical solutions of the present application and do not constitute an admission that the above-mentioned contents are prior art. Summary of the invention

[0008] In order to overcome the above disadvantages, the present disclosure provides a micro LED display device so as to reduce the volume and weight of the micro LED projector and reduce the weight of the head-up display device.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present disclosure provides a micro LED display device, which includes:

[0010] at least one monolithic micro-LED projector formed to generate a monochromatic image of one color or of different colors alone;

[0011] An optical waveguide is formed to respectively receive the monochrome image from the monolithic micro LED projector and respectively transmit the monochrome image; wherein the monolithic micro LED projector includes a micro LED array that uses micro LEDs to display pixels; wherein the main light angles of the micro LEDs are different.

[0012] In some embodiments, the monolithic micro LED projector includes: a monolithic micro LED panel and a collimator unit having at least one lens, wherein light from the monolithic micro LED panel is formed for transmission into the collimator unit and correction therein.

[0013] In some embodiments, a space is formed between the monolithic micro LED projector and the light waveguide.

[0014] In some embodiments, the distance between the surface of the collimator unit and the optical waveguide is no greater than the thickness of the collimator unit.

[0015] In some embodiments, the optical waveguide includes an input region, and the main light emitted from the collimator unit is formed to be parallel to the normal direction of the input region; wherein the deviation of the angle between the main light emitted from the collimator unit and the normal direction of the input region is no more than 5°.

[0016] In some embodiments, the micro-LED of the micro-LED projector includes:

[0017] A micro-mesa structure comprising a first semiconductor layer, a light-emitting layer, and a second semiconductor layer;

[0018] a micro lens formed above the micro mesa structure;

[0019] In some micro-LEDs, a central axis of the micro-lens is offset from a central axis of the micro-mesa structure.

[0020] In some embodiments, the primary light angles of the micro-LEDs in the micro-LED panel increase from any point above the micro-LED array to an edge of the micro-LED array.

[0021] In some embodiments, the primary light angles of the micro-LEDs in the micro-LED panel increase from the center of the micro-LED array to the edge of the micro-LED array.

[0022] In some embodiments, the main light angle of the micro-LED structure is increased by a certain amount; the certain amount depends on the number of rows, columns and size of the micro-LED array.

[0023] In some embodiments, primary light emitted from the micro LED array is automatically collimated at a point above the micro LED array.

[0024] In some embodiments, a primary light ray emitted from the micro LED array is automatically collimated at a point on a central axis of the micro LED array.

[0025] In some embodiments, the main light angle is in the range of 0° to 45° relative to the vertical axis of the micro-LED.

[0026] In some embodiments, the distance between the micro LED panel and the surface of the collimator unit is no greater than 2 mm.

[0027] In some embodiments, the size of the collimator group is determined by the effective emission area of ​​the micro LED panel and the light area on the collimator group.

[0028] In some embodiments, the monolithic micro LED projector comprises:

[0029] a first monolithic micro LED projector unit generating a first monochrome image of a first color;

[0030] a second monolithic pico LED projector unit that generates a second monochrome image of a second color; and

[0031] a third monolithic pico LED projector unit generating a third monochrome image of a third color;

[0032] Wherein, the first monolithic micro LED projector unit includes at least one first sub-monolithic micro LED projector, the second monolithic micro LED projector unit includes at least one second sub-monolithic micro LED projector, and the third monolithic micro LED projector unit includes at least one third sub-monolithic micro LED projector; wherein the first color, the second color and the third color are different.

[0033] In some embodiments, the first monolithic micro LED projector unit includes a first monolithic micro LED projector, the second monolithic micro LED projector unit includes a second monolithic micro LED projector, and the third monolithic micro LED projector unit includes two third monolithic micro LED projectors.

[0034] In some embodiments, the first color is blue, the second color is green, and the third color is red.

[0035] In some embodiments, the optical waveguide includes at least two grating channels, and the at least two grating channels are respectively aligned with the single-chip micro LED projector unit and respectively transmit the monochrome images of different colors.

[0036] In some embodiments, the optical waveguide includes at least two grating channels, and the at least two grating channels are respectively aligned with the monolithic micro-LED projector and respectively transmit the monochrome image.

[0037] In some embodiments, the optical waveguide includes: at least two grating regions that respectively transmit the monochromatic images; and an optical combining unit formed to receive the monochromatic images and formed to combine the monochromatic images into a target image by overlapping them.

[0038] In some embodiments, the optical waveguide includes: a grating region that transmits the monochromatic image; and an optical combining unit formed to receive the monochromatic image and formed to combine the monochromatic images into a target image by overlapping them.

[0039] To achieve the above objectives, the present disclosure further provides a micro-LED lens, which includes:

[0040] at least one monolithic micro-LED projector formed to generate a monochromatic image of one color or of different colors alone;

[0041] an optical waveguide formed to receive the monochrome images from the at least one monolithic micro LED projector, respectively, and to transmit the monochrome images, respectively;

[0042] Wherein, the lens includes four quadrant areas based on the center of the lens and divided by four quadrants; and the at least one single-chip micro LED projector is formed to be placed in at least one quadrant area.

[0043] In some embodiments, the at least one monolithic micro LED projector is formed to be placed near the center of the quadrant.

[0044] In some embodiments, in a quadrant region, the at least one monolithic micro LED projector deviates from the center of the quadrant region by no more than 50% of the distance between the center of the quadrant and the center of the lens.

[0045] In some embodiments, the at least one monolithic micro LED projector is formed to be placed at the center of the quadrant.

[0046] In some embodiments, the light guide further includes an image output region formed to face at least one eye of a person when the micro-LED lens is worn.

[0047] In some embodiments, the monolithic micro LED projectors are not formed in the same quadrant.

[0048] In some embodiments, some of the monolithic micro LED projectors are formed in the same quadrant area, and some of the monolithic micro LED projectors are formed in quadrant areas different from each other.

[0049] In some embodiments, the at least one monolithic micro LED projector comprises: a monolithic micro LED panel and a collimator group having at least one lens, wherein light from the monolithic micro LED panel is formed for transmission into the collimator group and correction therein.

[0050] In some embodiments, a space is formed between the at least one monolithic micro LED projector and the light waveguide.

[0051] In some implementations, the distance between the surface of the collimator set and the light guide is no greater than the distance between the center of the quadrant and the center of the micro LED lens.

[0052] In some embodiments, the optical waveguide includes an input region, and an angle between a main light ray emitted from the collimator group and a normal direction of the input region is no greater than 5°.

[0053] In some embodiments, the monolithic micro LED panel includes a micro LED array that uses micro LEDs to display pixels, wherein the micro LEDs have different primary light angles.

[0054] In some embodiments, the micro-LEDs of the micro-LED panel include:

[0055] A micro-mesa structure comprising a first semiconductor layer, a light-emitting layer, and a second semiconductor layer;

[0056] a micro lens formed above the micro mesa structure;

[0057] In some micro-LEDs, a central axis of the micro-lens is offset from a central axis of the micro-mesa structure.

[0058] In some embodiments, the primary light angles of the micro-LEDs in the micro-LED panel increase from any point above the micro-LED array to an edge of the micro-LED array.

[0059] In some embodiments, the primary light angles of the micro-LEDs in the micro-LED panel increase from the center of the micro-LED array to the edge of the micro-LED array.

[0060] In some embodiments, the main light angle of the micro-LED structure is increased by a certain amount; further wherein the certain amount depends on the number of rows, columns and size of the micro-LED array.

[0061] In some embodiments, primary light emitted from the micro LED array is automatically collimated at a point above the micro LED array.

[0062] In some embodiments, a primary light ray emitted from the micro LED array is automatically collimated at a point in a central axis of the micro LED array.

[0063] In some embodiments, the main light angle is in the range of 0° to 45° relative to the vertical axis of the micro-LED.

[0064] In some embodiments, the distance between the micro LED panel and the surface of the collimator group is no greater than 2 mm.

[0065] In some embodiments, the size of the collimator group is determined by the effective emission area of ​​the micro LED panel and the light area on the collimator group.

[0066] In some embodiments, the at least one monolithic pico LED projector comprises:

[0067] a first monolithic micro LED projector unit generating a first monochrome image of a first color;

[0068] a second monolithic pico LED projector unit that generates a second monochrome image of a second color; and

[0069] a third monolithic pico LED projector unit generating a third monochrome image of a third color;

[0070] Wherein, the first monolithic micro LED projector unit includes at least one first sub-monolithic micro LED projector, the second monolithic micro LED projector unit includes at least one second sub-monolithic micro LED projector, and the third monolithic micro LED projector unit includes at least one third sub-monolithic micro LED projector; wherein the first color, the second color and the third color are different.

[0071] In some embodiments, the first monolithic micro LED projector unit includes a first monolithic micro LED projector, the second monolithic micro LED projector unit includes a second monolithic micro LED projector, and the third monolithic micro LED projector unit includes two third monolithic micro LED projectors.

[0072] In some embodiments, the first color is blue, the second color is green, and the third color is red.

[0073] In some embodiments, the optical waveguide includes at least two grating channels, and the at least two grating channels are respectively aligned with the single-chip micro LED projector unit and respectively transmit the monochrome images of different colors.

[0074] In some embodiments, the optical waveguide includes at least two grating channels, and the at least two grating channels are respectively aligned with the monolithic micro-LED projector and respectively transmit the monochrome image.

[0075] In some embodiments, the optical waveguide includes: at least two grating regions that respectively transmit the monochromatic images; and an optical combining unit formed to receive the monochromatic images and formed to combine the monochromatic images into a target image by overlapping them.

[0076] In some embodiments, the optical waveguide includes: a grating region that transmits the monochromatic image; and an optical combining unit formed to receive the monochromatic image and formed to combine the monochromatic images into a target image by overlapping them.

[0077] To achieve the above objectives, the present disclosure further provides a micro-LED lens, which includes:

[0078] at least two monolithic micro LED projectors formed to individually generate monochrome images of one color or of different colors;

[0079] An optical waveguide formed to receive the monochrome images from the monolithic micro LED projector and to transmit the monochrome images respectively; wherein the monolithic micro LED projector is formed in an M×N dimensional array or in an arbitrary geometric shape; wherein M is a positive integer not less than 1, and N is a positive integer not less than 1.

[0080] In some embodiments, the monolithic micro LED projector is formed in a circular, triangular, or trapezoidal shape.

[0081] In some embodiments, the four quadrant areas are divided into four quadrants based on the center of the lens; and the monolithic micro LED projector is formed in at least one quadrant.

[0082] In some embodiments, the light guide further includes an image output region formed to face at least one eye of a person when the micro-LED lens is worn.

[0083] In some embodiments, the monolithic micro LED projectors are not formed in the same quadrant.

[0084] In some embodiments, some of the monolithic micro LED projectors are formed in the same quadrant area, and some of the monolithic micro LED projectors are formed in quadrant areas different from each other.

[0085] In some embodiments, the monolithic micro LED projector includes: a monolithic micro LED panel and a collimator unit having at least one lens, wherein light from the monolithic micro LED panel is formed for transmission into the collimator unit and correction therein.

[0086] In some embodiments, a space is formed between the monolithic micro LED projector and the light waveguide.

[0087] In some implementations, the distance between the surface of the collimator set and the optical waveguide is no greater than the distance between the center of the quadrant and the center of the lens.

[0088] In some embodiments, the optical waveguide includes an input region, and an angle between a main light ray emitted from the collimator unit and a normal direction of the input region is no greater than 5°.

[0089] In some embodiments, the monolithic micro-LED projector includes a micro-LED array that uses micro-LEDs to display pixels, wherein the main light angles of the micro-LEDs are different.

[0090] In some embodiments, the micro-LED of the micro-LED projector includes:

[0091] A micro-mesa structure comprising a first semiconductor layer, a light-emitting layer, and a second semiconductor layer;

[0092] a micro lens formed above the micro mesa structure;

[0093] In some micro-LEDs, a central axis of the micro-lens is offset from a central axis of the micro-mesa structure.

[0094] In some embodiments, the primary light angles of the micro-LEDs in the micro-LED panel increase from any point above the micro-LED array to an edge of the micro-LED array.

[0095] In some embodiments, the primary light angles of the micro-LEDs in the micro-LED panel increase from the center of the micro-LED array to the edge of the micro-LED array.

[0096] In some embodiments, the main light angle of the micro-LED structure is increased by a certain amount; the certain amount depends on the number of rows, columns and size of the micro-LED array.

[0097] In some embodiments, primary light emitted from the micro LED array is automatically collimated at a point above the micro LED array.

[0098] In some embodiments, a primary light ray emitted from the micro LED array is automatically collimated at a point on a central axis of the micro LED array.

[0099] In some embodiments, the main light angle is in the range of 0° to 45° relative to the vertical axis of the micro-LED.

[0100] In some embodiments, the distance between the micro LED panel and the surface of the collimator group is no greater than 2 mm.

[0101] In some embodiments, the size of the collimator group is determined by the effective emission area of ​​the micro LED panel and the light area on the collimator group.

[0102] In some embodiments, the monolithic micro LED projector comprises:

[0103] a first monolithic micro LED projector unit generating a first monochrome image of a first color;

[0104] a second monolithic pico LED projector unit that generates a second monochrome image of a second color; and

[0105] a third monolithic pico LED projector unit generating a third monochrome image of a third color;

[0106] Wherein, the first monolithic micro LED projector unit includes at least one first sub-monolithic micro LED projector, the second monolithic micro LED projector unit includes at least one second sub-monolithic micro LED projector, and the third monolithic micro LED projector unit includes at least one third sub-monolithic micro LED projector; wherein the first color, the second color and the third color are different.

[0107] In some embodiments, the first monolithic micro LED projector unit includes a first monolithic micro LED projector, the second monolithic micro LED projector unit includes a second monolithic micro LED projector, and the third monolithic micro LED projector unit includes two third monolithic micro LED projectors.

[0108] In some embodiments, the first color is blue, the second color is green, and the third color is red.

[0109] In some embodiments, the optical waveguide includes at least two grating channels, and the at least two grating channels are respectively aligned with the single-chip micro LED projector unit and respectively transmit the monochrome images of different colors.

[0110] In some embodiments, the optical waveguide includes at least two grating channels, and the at least two grating channels are respectively aligned with the monolithic micro-LED projector and respectively transmit the monochrome image.

[0111] In some embodiments, the optical waveguide includes: at least two grating regions that respectively transmit the monochromatic images; and an optical combining unit formed to receive the monochromatic images and formed to combine the monochromatic images into a target image by overlapping them.

[0112] In some embodiments, the optical waveguide includes: a grating region that transmits the monochromatic image; and an optical combining unit formed to receive the monochromatic image and formed to combine the monochromatic images into a target image by overlapping them.

[0113] To achieve the above objectives, the present disclosure also provides a pair of micro LED lenses, which include:

[0114] a left micro LED lens including a first monolithic micro LED projector formed to generate a first monochrome image of one color or of different colors alone;

[0115] first optical waveguides formed to receive the first monochrome images from the first monolithic pico LED projectors, respectively, and to deliver the first monochrome images, respectively;

[0116] a right micro LED lens including a second monolithic micro LED projector formed to solely generate a second monochromatic image of one color or a different color;

[0117] a second optical waveguide formed to receive the second monochromatic images from the second monolithic micro LED projectors and to transmit the second monochromatic images respectively; wherein:

[0118] The number of the first monolithic micro LED projectors in the left micro LED lens is different from the number of the second monolithic micro LED projectors in the right micro LED lens; and / or

[0119] The distribution of the first monolithic micro LED projector in the left micro LED lens is different from the distribution of the second monolithic micro LED projector in the right micro LED lens.

[0120] In some embodiments, at least one of the micro LED lenses includes four quadrant areas divided by four quadrants based on the center of the lens; and the single-chip micro LED projector is formed to be placed in at least one quadrant area.

[0121] In some embodiments, the optical waveguide further comprises an image output region formed to face at least one eye of a person when the lens is worn.

[0122] In some embodiments, the monolithic micro LED projectors are not formed in the same quadrant.

[0123] In some embodiments, some of the monolithic micro LED projectors are formed in the same quadrant area, and some of the monolithic micro LED projectors are formed in quadrant areas different from each other.

[0124] In some embodiments, the monolithic micro LED projector is formed into an M×N dimensional array, or into any geometric shape, where M is a positive integer not less than 1, and N is a positive integer not less than 1.

[0125] In some embodiments, the monolithic micro LED projector includes: a monolithic micro LED panel and a collimator unit having at least one lens, wherein light from the monolithic micro LED panel is formed for transmission into the collimator unit and correction therein.

[0126] In some embodiments, a space is formed between the monolithic micro LED projector and the light waveguide.

[0127] In some implementations, the distance between the surface of the collimator set and the optical waveguide is no greater than the distance between the center of the quadrant and the center of the lens.

[0128] In some embodiments, the optical waveguide includes an input region, and an angle between a main light ray emitted from the collimator group and a normal direction of the input region is no greater than 5°.

[0129] In some embodiments, the monolithic micro LED panel includes a micro LED array that uses micro LEDs to display pixels, wherein the micro LEDs have different primary light angles.

[0130] In some embodiments, the micro-LED of the micro-LED projector includes:

[0131] A micro-mesa structure comprising a first semiconductor layer, a light-emitting layer, and a second semiconductor layer;

[0132] a micro lens formed above the micro mesa structure;

[0133] In some micro-LEDs, a central axis of the micro-lens is offset from a central axis of the micro-mesa structure.

[0134] In some embodiments, the primary light angles of the micro-LEDs in the micro-LED panel increase from any point above the micro-LED array to an edge of the micro-LED array.

[0135] In some embodiments, the primary light angles of the micro-LEDs in the micro-LED panel increase from the center of the micro-LED array to the edge of the micro-LED array.

[0136] In some embodiments, the main light angle of the micro-LED structure is increased by a certain amount; the certain amount depends on the number of rows, columns and size of the micro-LED array.

[0137] In some embodiments, primary light emitted from the micro LED array is automatically collimated at a point above the micro LED array.

[0138] In some embodiments, a primary light ray emitted from the micro LED array is automatically collimated at a point on a central axis of the micro LED array.

[0139] In some embodiments, the main light angle is in the range of 0° to 45° relative to the vertical axis of the micro-LED.

[0140] In some embodiments, the distance between the micro LED panel and the surface of the collimator group is no greater than 2 mm.

[0141] In some embodiments, the size of the collimator group is determined by the effective emission area of ​​the micro LED panel and the light area on the collimator group.

[0142] In some embodiments, the monolithic micro LED projector comprises:

[0143] a first monolithic micro LED projector unit generating a first monochrome image of a first color;

[0144] a second monolithic pico LED projector unit that generates a second monochrome image of a second color; and

[0145] a third monolithic pico LED projector unit generating a third monochrome image of a third color;

[0146] Wherein, the first monolithic micro LED projector unit includes at least one first sub-monolithic micro LED projector, the second monolithic micro LED projector unit includes at least one second sub-monolithic micro LED projector, and the third monolithic micro LED projector unit includes at least one third sub-monolithic micro LED projector; wherein the first color, the second color and the third color are different.

[0147] In some embodiments, the first monolithic micro LED projector unit includes a first monolithic micro LED projector, the second monolithic micro LED projector unit includes a second monolithic micro LED projector, and the third monolithic micro LED projector unit includes two third monolithic micro LED projectors.

[0148] In some embodiments, the first color is blue, the second color is green, and the third color is red.

[0149] In some embodiments, in the left lens, the optical waveguide includes at least two grating channels, the at least two grating channels are respectively aligned with the monolithic micro LED projector unit and respectively transmit the monochrome images of different colors; or

[0150] In the right lens, the optical waveguide includes at least two grating channels, and the at least two grating channels are respectively aligned with the single-chip micro LED projector unit and respectively transmit the monochrome images of different colors.

[0151] In some embodiments, in the left lens, the optical waveguide includes at least two grating channels, and the at least two grating channels are respectively aligned with the monolithic micro LED projector and respectively transmit the monochrome image; or

[0152] In the right lens, the optical waveguide includes at least two grating channels, and the at least two grating channels are respectively aligned with the monolithic micro LED projector and respectively transmit the monochrome image.

[0153] In some embodiments, in the left lens, the optical waveguide includes: at least two grating areas, which respectively transmit the monochromatic images; and an optical combining unit, which is formed to receive the monochromatic images and is formed to combine the monochromatic images into a target image by overlapping them; or

[0154] In the right lens, the optical waveguide includes: at least two grating areas which respectively transmit the monochromatic images; and an optical combining unit which is formed to receive the monochromatic images and is formed to combine the monochromatic images into a target image by overlapping them.

[0155] In some embodiments, in the left lens, the optical waveguide includes: a grating region that transmits the monochromatic image; and an optical combining unit that is formed to receive the monochromatic image and is formed to combine the monochromatic images into a target image by overlapping them; or

[0156] In the right lens, the optical waveguide includes: a grating area that transmits the monochromatic image; and an optical combining unit formed to receive the monochromatic image and formed to combine the monochromatic images into a target image by overlapping them.

[0157] To achieve the above objectives, the present disclosure further provides a micro-LED lens, which includes:

[0158] at least one monolithic micro-LED projector formed to generate a monochromatic image of one color or of different colors alone;

[0159] an optical waveguide formed to receive the monochrome images from the at least one monolithic micro LED projector, respectively, and to transmit the monochrome images, respectively;

[0160] Wherein, the micro LED lens includes four quadrant areas divided by four quadrants based on the center of the lens; and the at least one single-chip micro LED projector is formed to be placed at or near the edge of the lens.

[0161] In some embodiments, the at least one monolithic micro LED projector is formed to be placed at one or more of the top edge, the bottom edge, the left edge, and the right edge.

[0162] In some embodiments, the at least one monolithic micro LED projector is formed to be placed at one or more corners of the lens.

[0163] In some embodiments, the light guide further includes an image output region formed to face at least one eye of a person when the micro-LED lens is worn.

[0164] In some embodiments, the monolithic micro LED projectors are not formed in the same quadrant.

[0165] In some embodiments, some of the monolithic micro LED projectors are formed in the same quadrant area, and some of the monolithic micro LED projectors are formed in quadrant areas different from each other.

[0166] In some embodiments, the at least one monolithic micro LED projector comprises: a monolithic micro LED panel and a collimator unit having at least one lens, wherein light from the monolithic micro LED panel is formed for transmission into the collimator unit and correction therein.

[0167] In some embodiments, a space is formed between the at least one monolithic micro LED projector and the light waveguide.

[0168] In some embodiments, the distance between the surface of the collimator unit and the optical waveguide is no greater than the distance between the center of the quadrant and the center of the lens.

[0169] In some embodiments, the optical waveguide includes an input region, and an angle between a main light ray emitted from the collimator group and a normal direction of the input region is no greater than 5°.

[0170] In some embodiments, the monolithic micro LED panel includes a micro LED array that uses micro LEDs to display pixels, wherein the micro LEDs have different primary light angles.

[0171] In some embodiments, the micro-LEDs of the micro-LED panel include:

[0172] A micro-mesa structure comprising a first semiconductor layer, a light-emitting layer, and a second semiconductor layer;

[0173] a micro lens formed above the micro mesa structure;

[0174] In some micro-LEDs, a central axis of the micro-lens is offset from a central axis of the micro-mesa structure.

[0175] In some embodiments, the primary light angles of the micro-LEDs in the micro-LED panel increase from any point above the micro-LED array to an edge of the micro-LED array.

[0176] In some embodiments, the primary light angles of the micro-LEDs in the micro-LED panel increase from the center of the micro-LED array to the edge of the micro-LED array.

[0177] In some embodiments, the main light angle of the micro-LED structure is increased by a certain amount; the certain amount depends on the number of rows, columns and size of the micro-LED array.

[0178] In some embodiments, primary light emitted from the micro LED array is automatically collimated at a point above the micro LED array.

[0179] In some embodiments, a primary light ray emitted from the micro LED array is automatically collimated at a point on a central axis of the micro LED array.

[0180] In some embodiments, the main light angle is in the range of 0° to 45° relative to the vertical axis of the micro-LED.

[0181] In some embodiments, the distance between the micro LED panel and the surface of the collimator unit is no greater than 2 mm.

[0182] In some embodiments, the size of the collimator unit is determined by the effective emission area of ​​the micro LED panel and the light area on the collimator group.

[0183] In some embodiments, the at least one monolithic pico LED projector comprises:

[0184] a first monolithic micro LED projector unit generating a first monochrome image of a first color;

[0185] a second monolithic pico LED projector unit that generates a second monochrome image of a second color; and

[0186] a third monolithic pico LED projector unit generating a third monochrome image of a third color;

[0187] Wherein, the first monolithic micro LED projector unit includes at least one first sub-monolithic micro LED projector, the second monolithic micro LED projector unit includes at least one second sub-monolithic micro LED projector, and the third monolithic micro LED projector unit includes at least one third sub-monolithic micro LED projector; wherein the first color, the second color and the third color are different.

[0188] In some embodiments, the first monolithic micro LED projector unit includes a first monolithic micro LED projector, the second monolithic micro LED projector unit includes a second monolithic micro LED projector, and the third monolithic micro LED projector unit includes two third monolithic micro LED projectors.

[0189] In some embodiments, the first color is blue, the second color is green, and the third color is red.

[0190] In some embodiments, the optical waveguide includes at least two grating channels, and the at least two grating channels are respectively aligned with the single-chip micro LED projector unit and respectively transmit the monochrome images of different colors.

[0191] In some embodiments, the optical waveguide includes at least two grating channels, and the at least two grating channels are respectively aligned with the monolithic micro-LED projector and respectively transmit the monochrome image.

[0192] In some embodiments, the optical waveguide includes: at least two grating regions that respectively transmit the monochromatic images; and an optical combining unit formed to receive the monochromatic images and formed to combine the monochromatic images into a target image by overlapping them.

[0193] In some embodiments, the optical waveguide includes: a grating region that transmits the monochromatic image; and an optical combining unit formed to receive the monochromatic image and formed to combine the monochromatic images into a target image by overlapping them.

[0194] To achieve the above objectives, the present disclosure further provides a micro-LED lens, which includes:

[0195] at least one monolithic micro-LED projector formed to generate a monochromatic image of one color or of different colors alone;

[0196] an optical waveguide formed to receive the monochrome images from the at least one monolithic micro LED projector, respectively, and to transmit the monochrome images, respectively; wherein:

[0197] The lens includes: four quadrant areas divided by four quadrants based on the center of the lens; an edge protrusion that protrudes outward from the edge of the lens, wherein the at least one single-chip micro LED projector is formed to be placed at the protrusion outside of at least one quadrant area.

[0198] In some embodiments, each of the quadrants has four sub-quadrants, and the edge protrusion protrudes outward from an edge of at least one sub-quadrant.

[0199] In some embodiments, the protruding portion is connected to the temple.

[0200] In some embodiments, the optical waveguide further comprises an image output region formed to face at least one eye of a person when the lens is worn.

[0201] In some embodiments, the monolithic micro LED projectors are not formed in the same quadrant.

[0202] In some embodiments, some of the monolithic micro LED projectors are formed in the same quadrant area, and some of the monolithic micro LED projectors are formed in quadrant areas different from each other.

[0203] In some embodiments, the at least one monolithic micro LED projector comprises: a monolithic micro LED panel and a collimator unit having at least one lens, wherein light from the monolithic micro LED panel is formed for transmission into the collimator unit and correction therein.

[0204] In some embodiments, a space is formed between the at least one monolithic micro LED projector and the light waveguide.

[0205] In some embodiments, the distance between the surface of the collimator unit and the optical waveguide is no greater than the distance between the center of the quadrant and the center of the lens.

[0206] In some embodiments, the optical waveguide includes an input region, and an angle between a main light ray emitted from the collimator group and a normal direction of the input region is no greater than 5°.

[0207] In some embodiments, the monolithic micro LED panel includes a micro LED array that uses micro LEDs to display pixels, wherein the micro LEDs have different primary light angles.

[0208] In some embodiments, the micro-LEDs of the micro-LED panel include:

[0209] A micro-mesa structure comprising a first semiconductor layer, a light-emitting layer, and a second semiconductor layer;

[0210] a micro lens formed above the micro mesa structure;

[0211] In some micro-LEDs, a central axis of the micro-lens is offset from a central axis of the micro-mesa structure.

[0212] In some embodiments, the primary light angles of the micro-LEDs in the micro-LED panel increase from any point above the micro-LED array to an edge of the micro-LED array.

[0213] In some embodiments, the primary light angles of the micro-LEDs in the micro-LED panel increase from the center of the micro-LED array to the edge of the micro-LED array.

[0214] In some embodiments, the main light angle of the micro-LED structure is increased by a certain amount; the certain amount depends on the number of rows, columns and size of the micro-LED array.

[0215] In some embodiments, primary light emitted from the micro LED array is automatically collimated at a point above the micro LED array.

[0216] In some embodiments, a primary light ray emitted from the micro LED array is automatically collimated at a point on a central axis of the micro LED array.

[0217] In some embodiments, the main light angle is in the range of 0° to 45° relative to the vertical axis of the micro-LED.

[0218] In some embodiments, the distance between the micro LED panel and the surface of the collimator unit is no greater than 2 mm.

[0219] In some embodiments, the size of the collimator unit is determined by the effective emission area of ​​the micro LED panel and the light area on the collimator group.

[0220] In some embodiments, the at least one monolithic pico LED projector comprises:

[0221] a first monolithic micro LED projector unit generating a first monochrome image of a first color;

[0222] a second monolithic pico LED projector unit that generates a second monochrome image of a second color; and

[0223] a third monolithic pico LED projector unit generating a third monochrome image of a third color;

[0224] Wherein, the first monolithic micro LED projector unit includes at least one first sub-monolithic micro LED projector, the second monolithic micro LED projector unit includes at least one second sub-monolithic micro LED projector, and the third monolithic micro LED projector unit includes at least one third sub-monolithic micro LED projector; wherein the first color, the second color and the third color are different.

[0225] In some embodiments, the first monolithic micro LED projector unit includes a first monolithic micro LED projector, the second monolithic micro LED projector unit includes a second monolithic micro LED projector, and the third monolithic micro LED projector unit includes two third monolithic micro LED projectors.

[0226] In some embodiments, the first color is blue, the second color is green, and the third color is red.

[0227] In some embodiments, the optical waveguide includes at least two grating channels, and the at least two grating channels are respectively aligned with the single-chip micro LED projector unit and respectively transmit the monochrome images of different colors.

[0228] In some embodiments, the optical waveguide includes at least two grating channels, and the at least two grating channels are respectively aligned with the monolithic micro-LED projector and respectively transmit the monochrome image.

[0229] In some embodiments, the optical waveguide includes: at least two grating regions that respectively transmit the monochromatic images; and an optical combining unit formed to receive the monochromatic images and formed to combine the monochromatic images into a target image by overlapping them.

[0230] In some embodiments, the optical waveguide includes: a grating region that transmits the monochromatic image; and an optical combining unit formed to receive the monochromatic image and formed to combine the monochromatic images into a target image by overlapping them.

[0231] To achieve the above objectives, the present disclosure further provides a micro-LED lens, which includes:

[0232] at least one monolithic micro-LED projector formed to generate a monochromatic image of one color or of different colors alone;

[0233] an optical waveguide formed to receive the monochrome images from the at least one monolithic micro LED projector, respectively, and to transmit the monochrome images, respectively;

[0234] wherein the lens comprises four quadrant areas divided by four quadrants based on the center of the lens;

[0235] An intermediate connecting portion is formed to be placed between two micro LED lenses, wherein the at least one single-chip micro LED projector is formed to be placed at the intermediate connecting portion.

[0236] In some embodiments, the at least one monolithic micro LED projector is formed to be placed at the intermediate connecting portion and adjacent to one of the micro LED lenses.

[0237] In some embodiments, the at least one monolithic micro LED projector is formed to be placed at one or more of the top edge, the bottom edge, the left edge, and the right edge.

[0238] In some embodiments, the at least one monolithic micro LED projector is formed to be placed at one or more corners of the lens.

[0239] In some embodiments, the optical waveguide further comprises an image output region formed to face at least one eye of a person when the lens is worn.

[0240] In some embodiments, the monolithic micro LED projectors are not formed in the same quadrant.

[0241] In some embodiments, some of the monolithic micro LED projectors are formed in the same quadrant area, and some of the monolithic micro LED projectors are formed in quadrant areas different from each other.

[0242] In some embodiments, the at least one monolithic micro LED projector comprises: a monolithic micro LED panel and a collimator unit having at least one lens, wherein light from the monolithic micro LED panel is formed for transmission into the collimator unit and correction therein.

[0243] In some embodiments, a space is formed between the at least one monolithic micro LED projector and the light waveguide.

[0244] In some embodiments, the distance between the surface of the collimator unit and the optical waveguide is no greater than the distance between the center of the quadrant and the center of the lens.

[0245] In some embodiments, the optical waveguide includes an input region, and an angle between a main light ray emitted from the collimator group and a normal direction of the input region is no greater than 5°.

[0246] In some embodiments, the monolithic micro LED panel includes a micro LED array that uses micro LEDs to display pixels, wherein the micro LEDs have different primary light angles.

[0247] In some embodiments, the micro-LEDs of the micro-LED panel include:

[0248] A micro-mesa structure comprising a first semiconductor layer, a light-emitting layer, and a second semiconductor layer;

[0249] a micro lens formed above the micro mesa structure;

[0250] In some micro-LEDs, a central axis of the micro-lens is offset from a central axis of the micro-mesa structure.

[0251] In some embodiments, the primary light angles of the micro-LEDs in the micro-LED panel increase from any point above the micro-LED array to an edge of the micro-LED array.

[0252] In some embodiments, the primary light angles of the micro-LEDs in the micro-LED panel increase from the center of the micro-LED array to the edge of the micro-LED array.

[0253] In some embodiments, the main light angle of the micro-LED structure is increased by a certain amount; the certain amount depends on the number of rows, columns and size of the micro-LED array.

[0254] In some embodiments, primary light emitted from the micro LED array is automatically collimated at a point above the micro LED array.

[0255] In some embodiments, a primary light ray emitted from the micro LED array is automatically collimated at a point on a central axis of the micro LED array.

[0256] In some implementations, the primary light angle of the micro-LED is in the range of 0° to 45° relative to a vertical axis of the micro-LED.

[0257] In some embodiments, the distance between the micro LED panel and the surface of the collimator unit is no greater than 2 mm.

[0258] In some embodiments, the size of the collimator unit is determined by the effective emission area of ​​the micro LED panel and the light area on the collimator group.

[0259] In some embodiments, the at least one monolithic pico LED projector comprises:

[0260] a first monolithic micro LED projector unit generating a first monochrome image of a first color;

[0261] a second monolithic pico LED projector unit that generates a second monochrome image of a second color; and

[0262] a third monolithic pico LED projector unit generating a third monochrome image of a third color;

[0263] Wherein, the first monolithic micro LED projector unit includes at least one first sub-monolithic micro LED projector, the second monolithic micro LED projector unit includes at least one second sub-monolithic micro LED projector, and the third monolithic micro LED projector unit includes at least one third sub-monolithic micro LED projector; wherein the first color, the second color and the third color are different.

[0264] In some embodiments, the first monolithic micro LED projector unit includes a first monolithic micro LED projector, the second monolithic micro LED projector unit includes a second monolithic micro LED projector, and the third monolithic micro LED projector unit includes two third monolithic micro LED projectors.

[0265] In some embodiments, the first color is blue, the second color is green, and the third color is red.

[0266] In some embodiments, the optical waveguide includes at least two grating channels, and the at least two grating channels are respectively aligned with the single-chip micro LED projector unit and respectively transmit the monochrome images of different colors.

[0267] In some embodiments, the optical waveguide includes at least two grating channels, and the at least two grating channels are respectively aligned with the monolithic micro-LED projector and respectively transmit the monochrome image.

[0268] In some embodiments, the optical waveguide includes: at least two grating regions that respectively transmit the monochromatic images; and an optical combining unit formed to receive the monochromatic images and formed to combine the monochromatic images into a target image by overlapping them.

[0269] In some embodiments, the optical waveguide includes: a grating region that transmits the monochromatic image; and an optical combining unit formed to receive the monochromatic image and formed to combine the monochromatic images into a target image by overlapping them.

[0270] Numerous other advantages and features of the present disclosure will be further appreciated from the following detailed description and accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0271] Figure 1 is a structural diagram of a micro LED structure according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0272] Figure 2 is a structural diagram of a micro LED structure with a minimized reflection structure according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0273] Figure 3 is a structural diagram of a micro LED structure with a minimized reflection structure according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0274] Figure 4 is a top view of a micro-LED structure according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0275] Figure 5 is a top view of another micro-LED structure according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0276] Figure 6 A structural diagram of a micro LED structure according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0277] Figure 7 is a structural diagram of a micro LED structure according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0278] Figure 8 is a structural diagram of a micro LED structure according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0279] Fig. 9 is a structural diagram of a micro LED projector according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0280] Fig.10 is a structural diagram of a micro LED projector according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0281] Fig.11 is a structural diagram of a micro LED package according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0282] Fig.12 is a structural diagram of a micro LED package according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0283] Fig.13 is a structural diagram of a micro LED package according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0284] Fig.14 is a structural diagram of a micro LED package according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0285] Fig.15 is a structural diagram of a micro LED projector according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0286] Fig.16 is a structural diagram of a micro LED projector according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0287] Fig.17 is a structural diagram of a micro LED projector according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0288] Fig.18 is a structural diagram of a micro LED panel according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0289] Fig.19 is a structural diagram of a micro LED panel according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0290] Figure 20 to Figure 26 is a structural diagram of a micro LED structure according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0291] Figures 27 to 30 is a structural diagram of a micro LED structure according to a third embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0292] Fig.31 is a structural diagram of a micro LED structure according to a fourth embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0293] Figure 32 to Figure 34 is a structural diagram of a micro optical engine according to a fifth embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0294] Figure 35 to Figure 37 is a structural diagram of a micro LED projector according to a fifth embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0295] Fig.38 is a block diagram of a micro LED display device according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention;

[0296] Fig.39 is a block diagram of a micro LED display device according to a sixth embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0297] Fig.40 is a block diagram of a micro LED display device according to a sixth embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0298] Fig.41 is a structural diagram of a micro-LED lens according to a sixth embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0299] Fig.42 is a structural diagram of a micro LED display device according to a sixth embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0300] Fig.43 is a structural diagram of a micro LED display device according to a sixth embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0301] Fig.44 is a structural diagram of four quadrants in a micro-LED lens according to a sixth embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0302] Fig.45 is a structural diagram showing the distribution of a monolithic micro LED projector in a micro LED lens according to a sixth embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0303] Figure 46 to Figure 49 Shown is a structural diagram of the distribution of a monolithic micro LED projector in a micro LED lens according to a sixth embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0304] Figure 50 to Figure 52 is a structural diagram showing the distribution of a single-chip micro LED projector in a pair of micro LED lenses according to a sixth embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0305] Fig.53 is a structural diagram showing a one-dimensional distribution of a monolithic micro LED projector according to a sixth embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0306] Fig.54 is a structural diagram showing an array of monolithic micro LED projectors according to a sixth embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0307] Reference will now be made in detail to the presented preferred embodiments to provide a further understanding of the present disclosure.The specific embodiments and drawings discussed merely illustrate specific ways to make and use the present disclosure and do not limit the scope of the present disclosure or the appended claims.

[0308] Implementation 1

[0309] refer to Figure 1, the micro LED structure according to the embodiment includes: a mesa structure and a reflective structure 00. The mesa structure may be a micro LED structure including at least one light emitting unit, and the light emitting unit includes: a first type semiconductor layer 01, a second type semiconductor layer 03 and a light emitting layer 02. The micro LED structure may further include: a top contact 06 and a bottom contact 05. The light emitting layer 02 is formed on the top of the first type semiconductor layer 01, and the second type semiconductor layer 03 is formed on the top of the light emitting layer 02. The first type semiconductor layer 01 and the second type semiconductor layer 03 are of different conductivity types. For example, in some embodiments, the first type semiconductor layer 01 is P-type, and the second type semiconductor layer 03 is N-type; or, the first type semiconductor layer 01 is N-type, and the second type semiconductor layer 03 is P-type. Preferably, the material of the first type semiconductor layer 01 is p-GaAs, p-AlGaInP, p-GaN, etc., and the material of the second type semiconductor layer 03 is n-GaAs, n-AlGaInP, n-GaN, etc. The light emitting layer 02 is formed of a quantum well layer. In some embodiments, the material of the quantum well layer is AlGaInP / GaInP, GaN / InGaN, GaAs, GaN, etc. Preferably, the thickness of the first type semiconductor layer 01 is less than the thickness of the second type semiconductor layer 03; and the thickness of the light emitting layer 02 is less than the thickness of the first type semiconductor layer 01. Preferably, the thickness of the first type semiconductor layer 01 ranges from 50nm to 2μm, and the thickness of the second type semiconductor layer 03 ranges from 100nm to 2μm. Preferably, the thickness of the quantum well layer is not greater than 30nm; or, the quantum well layer includes no more than six pairs of quantum wells.

[0310] The reflective structure 00 is formed to reflect light emitted from the sidewall of the mesa structure outwardly. The reflective structure 00 may be formed around the mesa structure.

[0311] refer to Figure 1 , when the central axis of the reflective structure L1 is aligned with the central axis of the mesa structure, the main light of the micro LED structure is aligned with the central axis of the mesa structure. Figure 2 and Figure 3 When the central axis L1 of the reflective structure is not aligned with the central axis of the mesa structure, the main light of the micro LED structure is offset from the central axis of the mesa structure at a certain angle. The central axis of the reflective structure is offset from the central axis of the mesa structure, thereby changing the main light angle of the micro LED structure. Figure 1 and Figure 2 In some embodiments, in order to offset the central axis of the reflective structure, a position of the reflective structure can be used as a fixed point to increase or decrease the gap width D1 of the reflective structure. Figure 1 and Figure 3In some embodiments consistent with the present invention, the entire reflective structure is shifted from left to right, while the gap width D1 of the reflective structure does not change. More specifically, D1 represents the bottom width of the hollow opening in the interior of the reflective structure. Figure 4 In some embodiments, the hollow opening is a cylinder, and D1 is the diameter of the cylinder (as determined by Figure 4 ). Figure 5 In some embodiments, the hollow opening is rectangular, and D1 is the width or length of the rectangle (as determined by Figure 5 The principal light angle is the angle of the principal light relative to the central axis of the reflective structure.

[0312] Preferably, the main light angle of the micro LED structure reflected by the reflective structure is in the range of 0° to 45°. The distance between the central axis L1 of the reflective structure 00 and the central axis of the mesa structure is greater than 50% of the bottom width of the mesa structure; and preferably, not greater than 100% of the bottom width of the mesa structure. In addition, the protective isolation layer 10 can be formed at the side wall surface of the mesa structure, so that the bottom edge of the reflective structure 00 can be in contact with the protective isolation layer 10 without any space between the bottom edge of the mesa structure and the bottom edge of the reflective structure 00.

[0313] In some embodiments, the side wall of the reflective structure 00 is inclined relative to the vertical direction. Preferably, the inclination angle of the side wall of the reflective structure 00 facing the mesa structure relative to the vertical level is in the range of 0° to 60°. The top of the reflective structure 00 can be higher or lower than or equal to the top of the mesa structure. Preferably, the height of the reflective structure 00 is 10% to 200% of the height of the mesa structure. The bottom thickness D2 of the reflective structure 00 is 10% to 90% of the length of the space between the bottom edge of the mesa structure and the bottom edge of the reflective structure 00. In some embodiments, D2 represents the maximum thickness of the reflective structure 00 from the edge of the hollow opening to the outer edge of the reflective structure 00. In contrast to Figures 1 to 3 and Figure 6 In some embodiments consistent with the present invention, D2 is the bottom thickness of the reflective structure 00 from the bottom edge of the hollow opening to the bottom outer edge of the reflective structure 00. Figure 7 In some embodiments, D2 is the top thickness of the reflective structure 00 from the top edge of the hollow opening to the top edge of the reflective structure 00. In some embodiments, the hollow opening is formed by the inner sidewalls of the reflective structure 00.

[0314] In some embodiments, the sidewall of the mesa structure is inclined relative to the horizontal plane. Preferably, the inclination direction of the sidewall of the mesa structure is in a cross direction with the inclination direction of the sidewall of the reflective structure 00 facing the mesa structure. Figure 6In some consistent embodiments, a portion of the sidewall of the mesa structure is parallel to the inner sidewall of the right half of the reflective structure 00 facing the mesa structure, while the sidewall of the mesa structure is not parallel to the inner sidewall of the other left half of the reflective structure 00, so the central axis of the reflective structure 00 is offset from right to left. When the sidewall of the mesa structure is parallel to the inner sidewall of the left half of the reflective structure facing the mesa structure, while the sidewall of the mesa structure is not parallel to the inner sidewall of the right half of the reflective structure 00, the central axis L1 of the reflective structure 00 is offset from left to right, as shown in FIG. Figure 6 As shown in Figure 7 In some consistent embodiments, the entire sidewall of the reflective structure 00 may be parallel to the sidewall of the mesa structure, and the central axis L1 of the reflective structure 000 is aligned with the central axis of the mesa structure.

[0315] Preferably, the reflective structure 00 is made of a highly reflective metal or polymer or a distributed Bragg reflector or a highly reflective polymer. Preferably, the highly reflective metal is selected from one or more of Ag, Au, Al, etc. Preferably, the highly reflective polymer is polytetrafluoroethylene, etc.

[0316] In with Figure 8In some further embodiments, the top conductive layer 09 is formed on the top of the mesa structure and on the top surface of the reflective structure 00, so the second type conductor layer 03 can be electrically connected to the reflective structure 00 through the top conductive layer 09. The top contact 06 is formed between the top conductive layer 09 and the top of the mesa structure. The bottom contact 05 and the bottom conductive structure 04 are sequentially formed at the bottom of the mesa structure. The IC back plate 07 is formed at the bottom of the mesa structure and is electrically connected to the bottom conductive structure 04 via the contact pad 071. Note that, herein, the top conductive layer 09 is transparent. Herein, the isolation layer 10 is formed on the sidewalls of the mesa structure and the top conductive layer 09 is formed on the isolation layer 10, on the top of the mesa structure, on the top contact 06, and on the exposed top surface of the IC back plate 07. Note that, in another embodiment, the isolation layer 10 can be formed on the top of the mesa structure, so the isolation layer 10 is formed on the sidewalls and the top of the isolation layer, rather than directly on the top of the mesa structure. In some embodiments, the top conductive layer 09 is formed on the sidewalls and the top of the reflective structure 00. In another embodiment, the top conductive layer 09 is first formed on the mesa structure and on the top of the IC back plate 07, and then the reflective structure 00 can also be formed on the top conductive layer 09 around the mesa structure. The isolation layer 10 is further formed on the top of the IC back plate 07, so the top conductive layer 09 can be formed on the isolation layer 10 on the top of the IC back plate 07, but cannot be directly formed on the top of the IC back plate. It is noted that the top conductive layer 09 can be transparent. The material of the top conductive layer 09 can be ITO, FTO, etc.

[0317] In some embodiments, the microlens 11 is formed above the mesa structure. Herein, the spacer 081 is formed at the bottom of the microlens 11 and on the top conductive layer 09. Note that in another embodiment, the microlens 11 can be formed directly on the top conductive layer 09. A dielectric layer 08 is formed between the mesa structure and the reflective structure 00. The material of the spacer 081 can be the same as that of the dielectric layer 08.

[0318] In some embodiments, the main light angle of the micro LED structure can be changed by changing the position of the reflective structure 00. Note that the mesa structure can emit one color or multiple colors. Consistent with the above description, the mesa structure includes one light-emitting unit. In some embodiments, the mesa structure includes a plurality of light-emitting units; the plurality of light-emitting units emit light of different colors. In some embodiments, the mesa structure includes two light-emitting units, and each light-emitting unit emits a different color from each other. In some embodiments, the mesa structure includes three light-emitting units, and each light-emitting unit emits a different color from each other, which can be referenced in U.S. patent applications US 62 / 863559 and US16 / 567007.

[0319] In some further embodiments, the aforementioned micro-LED structure can be applied in the field of micro-LED projectors. Fig. 9 In some embodiments, the micro LED projector includes: a first micro LED panel 201, a second micro LED panel 202, and an optical combination element 301. Fig. 9 Consistently, the dotted line represents an interface for showing an image or a human eye, and the arrow represents light emitted from the micro LED panel.

[0320] The first micro LED panel 201 emits a first color light; wherein the first micro LED panel 201 includes a first micro LED array, in which the first micro LED structure is selected from the aforementioned micro LED structure having a first color light emitting layer. The second micro LED panel 202 emits a second color light; wherein the second micro LED panel 202 includes a second micro LED array, in which the second micro LED structure is selected from the aforementioned micro LED structure having a second color light emitting layer. The optical combination element 301 is formed to receive light emitted from the first micro LED panel 201 and light emitted from the direction of the second micro LED panel 202. In some further embodiments, the optical combination element 301 includes a polarizing beam splitter film, which faces the first color light emitted from the first micro LED panel 201 and the second color light emitted from the second micro LED panel 202. In conjunction with Fig. 9In some consistent embodiments, the optical combination element 301 is made of two lenses with a dichroic film on an inclined interface, wherein the oblique lines represent the dichroic film. The dichroic film transmits only the light emitted from the second micro LED panel 202, and reflects the light emitted from the first micro LED panel 201. In some embodiments, the second micro LED panel 202 emits two different colors of light, such as a second color and a third color, and the first micro LED panel 201 emits only a single first color light; wherein the first color, the second color, and the third color are different from each other. Herein, the main light angle of the first micro LED panel 201 is 0°, and the light rays emitted from the first micro LED panel 201 are parallel to each other; and the main light angle of the second micro LED panel 202 is 0°, and the light rays emitted from the second micro LED panel 202 are parallel to each other. The main light angle of the micro LEDs in the first micro LED panel and the main light angle of the micro LEDs in the second micro LED panel are symmetrical based on the inclined interface. Herein, the main light angle of the micro LEDs in the first micro LED panel 201 and the main light angle of the micro LEDs in the second micro LED panel 202 are symmetrical based on the inclined interface.

[0321] In with Fig.10In some consistent embodiments, the first micro LED panel 201 emits a first color light; wherein the first micro LED panel 201 includes a first micro LED array, in which the first micro LED structure is selected from the aforementioned micro LED structure having a first color light emitting layer. The second micro LED panel 202 emits a second color light; wherein the second micro LED panel 202 includes a second micro LED array, in which the second micro LED structure is selected from the aforementioned micro LED structure having a second color light emitting layer. The embodiment further includes a third micro LED panel 203. The third micro LED panel 203 emits a third color light; the third micro LED panel 203 includes a third micro LED array, in which the third micro LED structure is selected from the aforementioned micro LED structure having a third light emitting layer; wherein the first color, the second color and the third color are different from each other. The optical combination element 301 includes a first polarization beam splitting film, which faces the first color light emitted from the first micro LED panel 201 and the second color light emitted from the second micro LED panel 202. The optical combination element 301 further includes a second polarization beam splitter film, which faces the third color light emission direction of the third micro LED panel 203 and the second color light emission direction of the second micro LED panel 202. Preferably, the optical combination element 301 is a color combination prism. The color combination prism includes a color separation film arranged in an "X" shape. Those skilled in the art can understand the structure of the color combination prism, which will not be repeated here. Note that the first color, the second color, and the third color can be selected from red, blue, green, orange, yellow, etc. Herein, the micro LED panels are assembled on different surfaces of the color combination prism, and the micro LED panels face the color separation film; in addition, two adjacent micro LED panels 201 and 202 or 202 and 203 use the color separation film between the two adjacent micro LED panels 201 and 202 or 202 and 203 as a mirror image. Note that in some embodiments, the optical combination element 301 can also be an "X" optical combination panel instead of a color combination prism. The support frame may include an optical combination element 301 in which the surface of the color-combining prism is exposed, so that the light emitted from the micro LED can enter the color-combining prism.

[0322] In some further embodiments, the color combining prism 301 can be fixed in the support frame by an adhesive material or by a mechanical connection method that does not require the adhesive material. For example, the micro LED panel can be adhered to the support frame by an adhesive or adhesive material; or, the micro LED panel can be mechanically connected to the optical combination element 301, such as the micro LED panel is clamped by the support frame. It is noted that the micro LED panel can be formed directly on the surface of the color combining prism. A cooling element can be formed on the back of the micro LED panel to transfer the heat of the micro LED panel to the outside. In another embodiment, a cooling element can be formed on a support frame connected to the micro LED panel to transfer the heat of the support frame and the micro LED panel to the outside.

[0323] Herein, a micro LED packaging structure for a micro LED panel is disclosed. The micro LED packaging structure includes: a main circuit board, the main circuit board including a printed circuit for controlling a micro LED panel; a circuit branch, the circuit branch being individually connected to the main circuit board; and a micro LED panel, the micro LED panel being individually configured on an end surface of the circuit branch. In addition, the width of the circuit branch is equal to or less than the width of a color combining prism with which the circuit branch is assembled. Preferably, the circuit branch is flexible so as to be folded and assembled together with an optical combination element. Note that the micro LED panel is individually configured on each of the circuit branches and is electrically connected to each of the circuit branches.

[0324] refer to Fig.11 , each of the micro LED panels 201, 202 and 203 can be packaged before being assembled with the optical combination element 301. In some embodiments, at least three micro LED panels are packaged together in a printed circuit board such as an FPC (flexible printed circuit) board. The micro LED panels 201, 202 and 203 are individually configured on each circuit branch and are electrically connected to each of the circuit branches. In addition, the micro LED panels 201, 202 and 203 are configured on the end surface of each circuit branch. In some embodiments, the bottom edge of the micro LED panel 201, 202, 203 in one of the circuit branches is not lower than the side edges of the other circuit branches.

[0325] Further disclosed herein is a micro-LED optical module, which includes the aforementioned micro-LED packaging structure for a micro-LED panel. The micro-LED packaging structure is assembled with a micro-optical combination element 301. The micro-LED panel is assembled facing the optical combination element 301. Preferably, the width of the circuit branch is equal to or less than the width of the color-combining prism (optical combination element 301). In some embodiments, the tops of the micro-LED panels 201, 202, and 203 are in the same horizontal plane. In addition, the circuit branches 1102, 1103, and 1104 are flexible to be assembled with the optical combination element 301; and the circuit branches 1102, 1103, and 1104 are folded to face the optical combination element 301. In another embodiment, the circuit branches 1102, 1103, and 1104 do not have flexibility for assembly with the optical combination element 301.

[0326] In with Fig.11 In some embodiments, the FPC board includes a main circuit board 1101 and a plurality of circuit branches 1102, 1103, and 1104 from the main board 1101. The circuit branches 1102, 1103, and 1104 are formed to be flexible and can be folded and assembled with the optical combination element 301, so that the circuit branches 1102, 1103, and 1104 are folded to face the optical combination element 301. The circuit of the main board 1101 is the same as the circuit of the branches 1102, 1103, and 1104. In some embodiments, three micro LED panels 201, 202, and 203 are formed on the end surfaces of the branches (the first branch 1102, the second branch 1103, and the second branch 1104), and are electrically connected to the circuits of the branches. Preferably, the first branch 1102 and the third branch 1104 are symmetrical with respect to the central axis of the second branch 1103. The three micro LED panels 201, 202 and 203 can be formed into an optical combination element 301 (such as Fig.10 ), so as to form Fig.10 Consistent assembly structure. Fig.10 and Fig.11 In some embodiments, the distance WD between the bottom edge of the micro LED panel 201 in the first branch 1102 and the bottom edge of the micro LED panel 203 in the third branch 1104 is equal to or close to the width of the optical combination element 301; therefore, when the optical combination element 301 (such as Fig.10 In some embodiments, the first branch 1102 and the third branch 1104 can be folded and overlapped to form an FPC board. Fig.12 In the Fig.10 and Fig.12 In some embodiments, the width WD1 of the branch 1103 is equal to or close to the width of the color-combining prism 301; and the width of the color-combining prism 301 may be smaller than the width of the branch 1103; for example, the width of the color-combining prism 301 may be not less than the width of the effective emission area or the light area. The effective emission area 1106 is the light-emitting area of ​​the micro LED panel 201; and the light area is the light transmission area on the surface of the color-combining prism 301, which is formed by the light emitted from the micro LED panel 201. Preferably, in the same Fig.13 In some embodiments, the FPC includes a main board 1101 and three branches 1102, 1103, and 1104. The main board 1101 includes a bottom board 110101 and a top board 110102. The width of the top board 110102 is greater than the width of the bottom board 110101. The circuit in the bottom board 110101 is divided into three sub-circuits. The three sub-circuits are individually connected to the micro LED panels 201, 202, and 203, and are individually formed in the three branches 1102, 1103, and 1104. The first branch 1102 can be individually folded along the dotted lines Z1 and Z2, and the third branch 1104 can be folded along the dotted lines Z3 and Z4 to form a circuit as shown in FIG. Fig.12 The FPC board shown in Fig.12 In some embodiments, the first branch 1102 can be folded along the dotted line Z5, the second branch 1103 can be folded along the dotted line Z6, and the third branch 1104 can be folded along the dotted line Z7 to form Fig.10 The assembly structure of three micro LED panels 201, 202 and 203 around the color combining prism 301 is shown in FIG. Fig.12 The FPC board in a consistent embodiment can be formed not only by folding the branch, but also by printing the circuit directly on the main board and the branch without folding the branch. Note that the shape of the micro LED panel can be rectangular, square, etc. The outline of the micro LED array area in the micro LED panel can be rectangular, square, etc. Herein, the width of the first circuit branch 1102, the width of the second circuit branch 1103, and the width of the third circuit branch 1104 are the same. Note that in some embodiments, the circuit branches 1102, 1103, 1104 do not have flexibility for assembly with the optical combination element 301.

[0327] In some embodiments, an end of the FPC board for supporting the micro LED panel includes a support base on the opposite side relative to the micro LED panel. The other end of the FPC board includes a connector and a memory. Fig.14In some embodiments, the printed circuit board 1420 is long and flexible, such as an FPC. The long printed circuit board 1420 has a first end and a second end. The micro display panel 1410 is formed on the surface of the first end of the printed circuit board 1420 and is electrically connected to the printed circuit board 1420. The support base 1430 is formed on the other surface of the first end of the printed circuit board 1420 opposite to the micro display panel 1410. The flash memory 1440 is formed on the surface of the second end of the circuit board 1420. Optionally, the flash memory 1440 and the micro display panel 1410 are formed on the same side of the circuit board 1420. Note that the flash memory module 1430 is formed in the flash memory 1440 and is electrically connected to the printed circuit board 1420. The connector 1450 is formed on the other surface of the second end of the printed circuit board 1420 opposite to the flash memory 1440, and is electrically connected to the printed circuit board 1420 and the flash memory 1440. In addition, the connector 1450 and the support base 1430 are formed on the same side of the printed circuit board 1420. In some further embodiments, a central processing unit is formed between the connector 1450 and the printed circuit board 1420. The central processing unit is used to process image data acquired from the outside. Herein, a cooling element may be formed on the back side of the support base to transfer heat of the micro LED panel.

[0328] In with Fig. 9 and Fig.10In some consistent embodiments, the minimum distance between the micro LED panel 201, 202 or 203 and the surface of the color combining prism 301 facing the micro LED panel 201, 202 or 203 is not greater than twice the thickness of the micro LED panel 201, 202 or 203; preferably, the minimum distance between the micro LED panel 201, 202 or 203 and the surface of the color combining prism 301 facing the micro LED panel 201, 202 or 203 is not greater than 2 mm, preferably, not greater than 1 mm. The size of the color combining prism 301 is determined by the effective emission area of ​​the micro LED panels 201, 202 and 203 and the light area formed by the light emitted by the micro LED panels 201, 202 or 203 on the surface of the color combining prism 301. The color combining prism 301 is a cubic structure with six surfaces of the same area. The effective emission areas of the micro LED panels 201, 202 and 203 are the same. Each surface area of ​​the color-combining prism 301 may be smaller than the effective emission area, that is, the width of the effective emission area may be equal to or greater than the width of the surface of the color-combining prism 301; the height of the effective emission area may be equal to or greater than the height of the surface of the color-combining prism 301. In some embodiments, each surface area of ​​the color-combining prism 301 is not smaller than the light area, that is, the width of the light area may be equal to or less than the width of the surface of the color-combining prism 301; the height of the light area may be equal to or less than the height of the surface of the color-combining prism 301. For example, in some embodiments, the light area on the surface of the color-combining prism 301 is a circle with a diameter of 3 mm, and the surface is facing the micro LED panel 201, so the surface area of ​​the color-combining prism 301 facing the micro LED panel 201 is 3 mm×3 mm. In addition, the light area is not larger than the effective emission area. When the main light angle of the micro LED panel 201, 202 or 203 is 0°, that is, when the main light angle of all micro LED structures in the micro LED panel 201, 202 or 203 is 0°, the surface area of ​​the color combining prism 301 is not less than the effective emission area, and preferably not more than 200% of the effective emission area, such as Fig. 9 and Fig.10 It is noted that when the main light of the micro LED structure in the micro LED panel 201, 202 or 203 is collimated into a point, the light area is smaller than the effective emission area; when the main light of the micro LED structure in the micro LED panel 201, 202 or 203 is divergent to the surroundings instead of being collimated into a point, the light area of ​​the color combining prism 301 is larger than the effective emission area.

[0329] In with Figures 15 to 17In some embodiments, when the main light angle of at least some of the micro LED structures in the micro LED panel 201, 202 or 203 is greater than 0°, the surface area of ​​the color combining prism 301 is not less than the light area and preferably not more than 200% of the effective emission area. Fig.15 In some consistent embodiments, the dashed square shows a minimized color combining prism with a surface area equal to the light area; herein, the central principal light angle of the micro LED panel 201, 202, or 203 is 0°. The principal light angle of the micro LED structure in the micro LED panel 201, 202, or 203 increases from the center of the micro LED panel 201, 202, or 203 to the edge of the micro LED panel 201, 202, or 203, so that the light is collimated at the point of entering the color combining prism 301 and transmitted from the color combining prism 301 to display an inverted image on the interface (dashed line). Fig.16 In some embodiments, the central principal light angle of the micro LED panel 201, 202 or 203 is 0°; the principal light angle of the micro LED structure in the micro LED panel 201, 202 or 203 is less than Fig.15 The principal light angle in the image is such that the light is collimated at the point where it leaves the color combining prism 301; and the light is transmitted from the color combining prism 301 to display a minimized image on the interface (dashed line). Fig.17 In some embodiments, the main light angle of the center of the micro LED array in the micro LED panel 201, 202 or 203 is greater than 0°, so that the center of the image on the interface (dashed line) is not aligned with the center of the color combining prism 301; Fig.17 As shown in FIG, the image is shifted downward to below the central axis of the color combining prism 301. In addition, because the main light angles of the micro LED structures in the micro LED panels 201, 202 or 203 are different, the same Fig. 9 and Fig.10 Compared with the color combining prism 301 in a consistent embodiment, the size of the color combining prism 301 can be reduced, wherein the main light angle of the entire micro LED panel is 0°.

[0330] In some further embodiments, the three micro LED panels 201, 202 and 203 are arranged vertically around the color combining prism 301. Fig.15 In some embodiments, a virtual rectangle ( Fig.15 The diagonal length of the top surface of the color combining prism 301 is not greater than 200% of the diagonal length of the virtual rectangle and not less than the diagonal length of the minimized square (small dashed square), preferably not less than the top length of the effective emission area.

[0331] In with Fig.18 In some embodiments consistent with the present invention, the ellipsis indicates a plurality of micro LED structures, the plurality of micro LED structures are arranged in an array to form a micro LED array, and the micro LED array is used as a light emitting area of ​​a micro LED panel. Fig.19 Some consistent embodiments show a cross-sectional view of a microLED array, wherein the number of microLED structures is not the actual number; and the hemisphere represents a microLED structure with a microlens, the dashed line represents an interface, and the arrow represents the main light from the microLED structure. The main light angles of these microLED structures are different. In some embodiments, the main light angle of the microLED structure increases from any point above the microLED array to the edge of the microLED array (such as from the center of the microLED array to the edge of the microLED array); therefore, the main light of these microLED structures in the microLED array can be automatically collimated at a point above the microLED array, such as a point in the central axis of the microLED array, such as Fig.19 As shown in; and the micro LED array panel is also Figures 15 to 17 . Preferably, the main light angle of these micro-LED structures is increased by a certain amount (such as 1° or other). The certain amount depends on the number of rows and columns of the micro-LED array and the size of the micro-LED array. The main light angle can be changed by offsetting the aforementioned reflective structure along the horizontal plane; or in another embodiment, the main light angle can be changed by offsetting the micro-lens along the horizontal plane, which can refer to U.S. Patent Application No. 63 / 083972.

[0332] Note that the central axis of the micro LED array is an axis perpendicular to the micro LED array panel and passing through the symmetry center. The horizontal plane is parallel to the surface of the micro LED array panel, such as the top surface of the micro mesa structure. The main light angle is the angle between the main optic and the vertical direction.

[0333] In some further embodiments, the micro LED array panel may include a plurality of the aforementioned micro LED structures formed into an array. The micro LED array panel is a micro self-luminous panel. In the micro LED array panel, one pixel is formed by at least one micro LED.

[0334] In with Figure 8In some consistent embodiments, the micro LED structures of the micro LED panels 201, 202 and 203 can be organic LEDs or inorganic LEDs. The light emitting areas of the micro LED array panels 201, 202, and 203 are very small, such as 3mm*5mm. In some embodiments, the light emitting area is the area of ​​the micro LED array in the micro LED panel. The micro LED array panel includes a micro LED array forming a pixel array (such as 1600×1200, 680×480, and 1920×1080). The diameter of the micro LED structure is in the range of about 200nm to 2μm. The IC backplane 07 is formed at the rear surface of the micro LED array and is electrically connected to the micro LED array. The IC backplane 07 obtains signals such as image data from the outside via signal lines to control the corresponding micro LEDs to emit light or not. The IC backplane 07 generally uses an 8-bit digital-to-analog converter (DAC). The 8-bit DAC has a 256-level representation, and each level corresponds to a grayscale, that is, the 8-bit DAC can provide 256 different grayscales. Since any one of 256 grayscales can be applied to the micro-LED, a grayscale ranging from 0 to 255 can be displayed by one pixel. Optionally, the brightness value of the micro-LED can be controlled by the voltage amplitude or current amplitude of the signal obtained by the IC backplane, and the grayscale can be shown by the time interval of the signal (e.g., pulse width), which can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0335] Implementation 2

[0336] refer to Fig. 20 The micro LED structure includes: a table structure and a micro lens 11. In addition, the aforementioned reflective structure 00 can be formed around the table structure. The details of the table structure and the reflective structure 00 can refer to the description of embodiment 1. In addition, an anti-reflection film 12 is further formed on at least a portion of the surface of the micro lens 11.

[0337] In with Fig. 20 In some embodiments, the anti-reflection film 12 is formed on the emitting portion of the surface of the micro lens 11, and the light is emitted from the emitting portion. Herein, the main light of the micro LED structure is perpendicular to the top surface of the mesa structure and is emitted from the top center of the micro lens 11. The anti-reflection film 12 is formed on the top of the micro lens 11. Fig.21 In a consistent embodiment, the principal light is inclined to the top surface of the mesa structure and is emitted from the microlens 11 at an angle ranging from 0° to 45° relative to the vertical direction. The anti-reflection film 12 is formed on a portion of the surface of the microlens 11, such as Fig.21 As shown in .

[0338] In with Fig. 22 and Fig.23 In some embodiments, the anti-reflection film 12 can be formed on the entire surface of the micro lens 11. The dielectric layer 08 is formed around the mesa structure, and the spacer 081 is formed on the dielectric layer 08, on the top of the mesa structure, and on the top of the reflective structure 00; and the anti-reflection film 12 is further formed on the top of the spacer 081.

[0339] Preferably, if Fig.23 As shown in FIG, the thickness of the anti-reflection film 12 formed on the emitting portion is greater than the thickness of the anti-reflection film 12 formed on other positions of the microlens 11. In addition, when the main light is perpendicular to the top surface of the mesa structure, the thickness of the anti-reflection film 12 on the top of the microlens 11 is greater than the thickness of the anti-reflection film 12 on other positions of the microlens 11.

[0340] Since various main light angles of emitted light are obtained by offsetting the reflective structure or microlens, optical loss of light is generated in the microlens 11 and on the surface of the microlens 11, and it is unavoidable. Therefore, the anti-reflection film 12 can improve the transmittance of the light emitted from the microlens 11, thereby improving the luminous efficiency of the micro LED structure. Preferably, the thickness of the anti-reflection film 12 ranges from 1nm to 10μm. And the dielectric constant of the anti-reflection film 12 is between the dielectric constant of the microlens and the dielectric constant of the air. The material of the anti-reflection film 12 is a polymer, an inorganic oxide or an inorganic nitride. The inorganic oxide can be silicon oxide, Al2O3 or TiO2. In addition, the inorganic nitride can be silicon nitride or aluminum nitride, such as Si3N4, Al3N4, etc. The anti-reflection film 12 is transparent and has high transmission efficiency. The shape of the anti-reflection film 12 can be conformal to the shape of the microlens 11, that is, the radius of curvature of the anti-reflection film 12 is the same as the radius of the microlens 11. For example, the shape of the anti-reflection film 12 may be arc-shaped, hemispherical, etc. Note that, in another embodiment, the shape of the anti-reflection film 12 may be spherical with a different radius than the microlens 11. Note that the anti-reflection film 12 may also be used as a protective layer to protect the surface of the microlens 11 from being damaged.

[0341] In some embodiments, the main light angle of the micro LED structure can be changed by offsetting the reflective structure 00 as mentioned above or by offsetting the micro lens 11 along the top surface of the mesa structure. For example, the central axis of the micro lens 11 is offset from the central axis of the mesa structure, thereby changing the main light angle of the micro LED structure.

[0342] The details of the mesa structure, the reflective structure and the IC back plate 07 can refer to the description of the embodiment 1.

[0343] Further, the spacer 081 is formed at the bottom of the microlens 11 and between the mesa structure and the microlens 11, and the thickness of the spacer 081 can be adjusted according to actual needs. Preferably, the thickness of the spacer 081 can be less than the radius of curvature of the microlens 11 in the embodiment. Note that, in another embodiment, the thickness of the spacer 081 is equal to or greater than the radius of the microlens 11. The distance between the focus of the microlens 11 and the light-emitting layer 02 is determined by the thickness of the spacer 081 and the radius of the microlens 11. Preferably, the thickness of the spacer 081 is less than 50% of the radius of the microlens 11. And, the thickness of the spacer is in the range of 10% to 200% of the height of the microlens.

[0344] It is noted that the micro LED structure in Embodiment 2 can also be applied to the micro LED projector mentioned in Embodiment 1.

[0345] It is also noted that in another embodiment, the chief light angle can be changed by shifting the microlens 11 along the horizontal plane, such as in Fig.24 and Fig.25 Therefore, in these embodiments, no reflective structure is required. Fig.26 In the same embodiment, the main light angle can also be changed by shifting both the microlens in the horizontal plane and the reflective structure 00. Therefore, in these embodiments, both the reflective structure 00 and the microlens 11 are required.

[0346] Implementation 3

[0347] References Fig. 27 According to the same embodiment, the micro LED structure includes: a mesa structure and a micro lens 11. The micro LED structure further includes the aforementioned reflective structure 00, a spacer 081, an isolation layer 10, and a dielectric layer 08. The details of the mesa structure, the micro lens 11, the spacer 081, the isolation layer 10, the dielectric layer 08, and the reflective structure 00 can refer to embodiments 1 and 2.

[0348] In with Fig. 27 In some embodiments, the shape of the micro-mesa structure is as follows: the top surface area of ​​the micro-mesa structure is smaller than the bottom surface area of ​​the micro-mesa structure, similar to a trapezoid. In addition, the distance between the focus of the micro-lens 11 and the top of the micro-mesa structure is no greater than 70% of the height of the micro-mesa structure, such as Fig. 27As shown in the figure, the black dot indicates the focal position, which will be described below. Preferably, the radius of curvature of the microlens 11 is in the range of 100 nm to 10 μm; and the diameter of the microlens 11 is larger than the top width of the micro-mesa structure. It is noted that if the main light angle of the micro-LED structure is greater than 0°, the diameter of the microlens 11 can be smaller than the top width of the micro-mesa structure.

[0349] When a spacer 081 is formed between the microlens 11 and the mesa structure, the position of the focus of the microlens 11 is determined by the thickness of the spacer 081, the height of the microlens 11, and the curvature radius of the microlens 11. Fig.28 In some embodiments consistent with the present invention, the black dot indicates the focal point position, the thickness of the spacer 081 is greater than 100% to 300% of the radius of curvature, and the focal point position is above the top surface of the micro-mesa structure. Fig.29 In some embodiments, the black dot indicates the focal point, the thickness of the spacer 081 is about 100% to 300% of the radius of curvature, and the focal point is located on the top surface of the micro-mesa structure. Fig. 27 In some embodiments, the thickness of the spacer 081 is less than 100% to 300% of the radius of curvature, and the focal point is located below the top of the micro-mesa structure.

[0350] In some further embodiments, when no spacer is formed between the mesa structure and the microlens 11, the position of the focus is determined by the radius of curvature of the microlens. Fig.30 In some consistent embodiments, the black dot indicates the focal position, the radius of curvature of the microlens 11 is 50% to 100% of the height of the mesa structure, and the distance between the focal point of the microlens 11 and the top of the micromesa structure is no more than 70% of the height of the micromesa structure.

[0351] It is noted that when the height of the microlens 11 is maintained at a preset value and the radius of curvature of the microlens 11 is continuously increased, the focal position will move downward; in addition, when the diameter of the microlens 11 is greater than the bottom width of the mesa structure and the height of the microlens 11 is less than the radius of the microlens 11 without the spacer 081, the focal position of the microlens 11 can reach outside the bottom of the mesa structure. In addition, when the diameter of the microlens 11 is 100% to 200% of the top width of the mesa structure or is equal to the bottom width of the mesa structure, the distance between the focal point of the microlens 11 and the top of the micromesa structure is not greater than 70% of the height of the micromesa structure. Preferably, the radius of curvature of the microlens is in the range of 100nm to 10μm.

[0352] In addition, the surface roughness of the mesa structure is another influencing factor of the focal position. The mesa structure causes light scattering on the surface of the microlens 11 and on the surface of the mesa structure, so the actual focus of the microlens 11 cannot enter too deep into the mesa structure. Preferably, the distance between the focus of the microlens 11 and the top of the micro-mesa structure is not greater than 70% of the height of the micro-mesa structure. In some embodiments, the distance between the focus and the top surface of the mesa structure is at 30% of the height of the micro-mesa structure. Preferably, the surface roughness of the micro-mesa structure is 1nm to 100nm.

[0353] Preferably, the surface roughness of the microlens 11 is in the range of 1 nm to 100 nm. The material of the microlens 11 is selected from polymers, inorganic oxides and inorganic nitrides. The inorganic material may be silicon oxide or silicon nitride. Note that the material of the microlens 11 may be different from the material of the spacer 081; or, in some embodiments, the material of the microlens 11 may be the same as the material of the spacer 081.

[0354] The luminescence and efficiency of various lights are determined at least by the various focal positions of the micro lenses and the various main light angles of the micro LED structures.

[0355] It is noted that the micro LED structure in Embodiment 3 can also be applied to the micro LED projector mentioned in Embodiment 1.

[0356] For more details of the micro LED structure, please refer to the description of embodiments 1 and 2.

[0357] Implementation 4

[0358] References Fig.31 According to the same embodiment, the mesa structure is different from the mesa structure of embodiment 3. The mesa structure in embodiment 4 is as follows: the top surface area of ​​the micro-mesa structure is larger than the bottom surface area of ​​the micro-mesa structure, similar to an inverted trapezoid.

[0359] In addition, as mentioned above, the surface roughness of the microlens 11 and the surface roughness of the mesa structure are additional influencing factors on the focal position. The surface roughness of the microlens 11 and the mesa structure causes light scattering on the surface of the microlens 11 and on the surface of the mesa structure, so the actual focus of the microlens 11 cannot enter too deep into the mesa structure. Preferably, the surface roughness of the microlens is in the range of 1nm to 1000nm. Therefore, the distance between the focus of the microlens 11 and the top of the micromesa structure is not greater than 100% of the height of the micromesa structure, which is no different from Embodiment 3. In the inverted trapezoidal micro-LED structure, the radius of curvature of the microlens 11 can be greater than the radius of curvature in the trapezoidal micro-LED structure in Embodiment 3, so the focal position can be deeper into the mesa structure compared to the focus of Embodiment 3. When the diameter of the microlens 11 is 80% to 120% of the top width of the inverted trapezoidal mesa structure or is equal to the bottom width of the mesa structure, the distance between the focus of the microlens 11 and the top of the inverted trapezoidal micromesa structure is not greater than 100% of the height of the inverted trapezoidal micromesa structure. Preferably, the radius of curvature of the microlens 11 is in the range of 100 nm to 10 μm.

[0360] It is noted that the micro LED structure in Embodiment 3 can also be applied to the micro LED projector mentioned in Embodiment 1.

[0361] For other details of the micro LED structure, reference may be made to the description of Embodiments 1 to 3.

[0362] Implementation 5

[0363] In embodiment 5, a micro LED projector is provided. Fig.32 In some embodiments consistent with the present invention, the micro LED projector includes: a micro LED panel and a collimator unit 14. The micro LED panel includes a micro LED structure array, and the micro LED structure array includes a plurality of the aforementioned micro LED structures; Fig.32 In the consistent embodiment, only one micro-LED structure is shown for describing Embodiment 5, which will not limit the scope of the present disclosure. The collimator unit 14 is formed in the light emitting direction so as to collimate the light emitted from the micro-LED structure to a preset target position, such as a display screen, a wall or a human eye. Fig.32 Not shown.

[0364] In this article, Figure 32 to Figure 34In some embodiments, in each mesa structure, the center of the micro lens 11 and the center of the light emitting layer 02 are placed on a first straight line. Note that in some embodiments, the center of the collimator unit 14 is formed to deviate from the first straight line. The center of the collimator unit 14 and the center of the light emitting layer 02 are placed on a second straight line. The second straight line can be aligned with the first straight line or deviate from a certain deviation angle. Preferably, the deviation angle is not greater than 5°.

[0365] In some embodiments, a connecting straight line connects the center of the collimating unit 14, the center of the micro lens 11, and the center of the light emitting layer 02. In addition, the center of the light emitting layer 02 may be horizontally deviated from the connecting straight line. Preferably, the deviation distance of the center of the light emitting layer 02 from the connecting straight line horizontally is not greater than 45% of the bottom width of the mesa structure. In some embodiments, the bottom width of the mesa structure is 1 μm, and the deviation distance of the center of the light emitting layer 02 is not greater than 0.3 μm.

[0366] The shape of the microlens 11 can be hemispherical, spherical or other irregular shapes. The center of the microlens 11 can be the center of a hemispherical or spherical shape or the geometric center of an irregular shape (such as a combination of a hemispherical shape and a parabola; or a combination of at least two hemispherical shapes with different diameters; or a combination of at least two arcs with different radii of curvature).

[0367] In some embodiments, the micro-LED structure further includes a capping layer 13, which covers the micro-lenses 11 and is located above the micro-mesa structure. The material of the capping layer 13 is a polymer, or an inorganic oxide, or an inorganic nitride (such as silicon oxide or silicon nitride). In addition, the capping layer 13 is also deposited between adjacent micro-lenses 11.

[0368] Herein, the distance between the focus of the micro lens 11 and the light emitting layer 02 is not greater than 200% of the thickness of the mesa structure.

[0369] For other details of the micro LED structure, reference may be made to the description of embodiments 1 to 4.

[0370] It is noted that other elements, such as optical combining elements, may also be formed between the micro LED structure and the collimator 14 , which will be shown and described below.

[0371] In addition, in Fig.35 In some implementation schemes, such as Figure 32 to Figure 34The collimator unit 14 shown in the figure is a collimator group. Herein, the micro LED projector includes a micro LED panel 15 and a collimator group 1400. The collimator group 1400 includes a plurality of lenses for displaying a light image. Preferably, the number of the lenses is not more than six; and the focal length of the collimator group 1400 is less than 2.5. In addition, the micro LED panel is formed so as not to contact the collimator unit 14 (collimator group 1400). The distance between the micro LED panel and the surface of the collimator unit 14 (collimator group 1400) is not greater than the thickness of the collimator unit 14 (collimator group 1400). Preferably, the distance between the micro LED panel and the surface of the collimator unit 14 (collimator group 1400) is not greater than 2 mm. The micro LED panel 15 has a light emitting area, and the collimator unit 14 has an input surface. The light emitted from the light emitting area enters the input surface of the collimator unit 14. Herein, the light emitting area is larger than the input surface of the collimator unit 14. In addition, the width of the micro LED panel 15 is greater than the diameter of the input surface of the collimator unit 14, thereby reducing the volume and weight of the micro LED projector. Note that the LED structure includes two or more micro LED panels. It is further noted that the aforementioned light area of ​​the collimator unit 14 is equal to or smaller than the input surface of the collimator unit 14.

[0372] Herein, the main light angles of the micro-LEDs in the micro-LED panel 15 are not the same. Note that in some embodiments, the main light angles of some micro-LEDs are the same as each other, and the main light angles of some micro-LEDs are different from each other. Preferably, the main light angles of the micro-LEDs in the micro-LED panel 15 are collimated to a point.

[0373] In addition, at least two colors of micro LED panels, each micro LED panel emits light of one color, and the main light angle of the micro LED in each micro LED panel is collimated to a point. Further, the micro LED projector further includes an optical combination element, which faces the color light emission direction of each color of the micro LED panel and is formed to combine the color light into a combined light. The collimated light is emitted from the output surface of the optical combination element and then enters the input surface of the collimator unit. Herein, the area of ​​the output surface is greater than the area of ​​the input surface. In addition, the diameter of the collimator unit is less than the side width of the optical combination element. In addition, the distance between the output surface of the optical combination element and the input surface of the collimator unit is not greater than 200% of the thickness of the collimator unit. In some embodiments, the distance between the output surface of the optical combination element and the input surface of the collimator unit is zero.

[0374] In addition, the optical combination element has a plurality of receiving surfaces corresponding to each light-emitting area of ​​the micro LED panel. Preferably, the minimum distance between the micro LED panel and the receiving surface of the optical combination element is not greater than 200% of the thickness of the micro LED panel. In addition, the side width of the receiving surface of the optical combination element is less than the side width of the light-emitting area of ​​the first color micro LED panel.

[0375] Herein, the micro LED structure in Embodiment 5 can also be applied to a micro LED projector. Fig.36 In some consistent embodiments, the micro LED projector of embodiment 5 includes in sequence: a first color micro LED panel 201, a second color micro LED panel 202, an optical combination element 301, and a collimator group 1400, wherein the first color is different from the second color. It is noted that the collimator unit 14 includes a collimator group 1400 or an optical lens.

[0376] The optical combination element 301 faces the first color light emission direction of the first micro LED panel 201 and faces the second color light emission direction of the second micro LED panel 202, thereby combining the first color light and the second color light into a combined light. Then, the collimator group 1400 collimates the combined light to a preset target position, which is Fig.36 The preset target position may be a display screen, a wall or a human eye.

[0377] The first micro LED panel 201 emits a first color light, wherein the first micro LED panel 201 includes a first color micro LED structure array, and the first color micro LED structure array includes a plurality of first color micro LED structures. The first color micro LED structure is selected from the aforementioned micro LED structure having a first color light emitting layer. The second micro LED panel 202 emits a second color light, wherein the second micro LED panel 202 includes a second color micro LED structure array, and the second color micro LED structure array includes a plurality of second color micro LED structures. The second color micro LED structure is selected from the aforementioned micro LED structure having a second color light emitting layer. The optical combination element 301 is formed to receive the light emitted from the first micro LED panel 201 and the light emitted from the direction of the second micro LED panel 202. In addition, the optical combination element 301 includes a polarization beam splitter film, which faces the first color light emitted from the first micro LED panel 201 and the second color light emitted from the second micro LED panel 202. The collimator group 1400 receives the light from the optical combination element 301 and collimates the light to a preset target position. Note that in another embodiment, the first micro LED panel 201 can emit two color lights, and the second micro LED panel 202 can emit one color light. In some embodiments, the optical combination element 301 is formed to receive the light emitted from the first micro LED panel 201 and the light emitted from the direction of the second micro LED panel 202. In addition, the optical combination element 301 includes a polarization beam splitting film, which faces the light emitted from the first micro LED panel 201 and the light emitted from the second micro LED panel 202. Preferably, the optical combination element 301 is a color combining prism. Those skilled in the art can understand the structure of the color combining prism.

[0378] In addition, the collimated light is emitted from the output surface of the optical combination element 301, and then enters the input surface of the collimator unit 14 (collimator group 1400). The distance between the output surface of the optical combination element 301 (color combining prism) and the input surface of the collimator unit 14 (collimator group 1400) is greater than or equal to zero. Preferably, the distance between the output surface of the optical combination element 301 and the input surface of the collimator unit 14 is not greater than 200% of the thickness of the collimator unit.

[0379] In addition, the main light angle of the micro LED in the first color micro LED panel 201 is collimated to a point, and the main light angle of the micro LED in the second color micro LED panel 202 is collimated to a point, and the area of ​​the output surface is greater than the area of ​​the input surface. In addition, the diameter of the collimator unit 14 (collimator group 1400) can be less than or equal to the side width of the color-combining prism. In addition, the light emitted from the first light-emitting area of ​​the first color micro LED panel enters the first receiving surface of the optical combination element 301. The side width of the first receiving surface of the optical combination element 301 is less than the side width of the first light-emitting area of ​​the first color micro LED panel 201. The light emitted from the second light-emitting area of ​​the second color micro LED panel 202 enters the second receiving surface of the optical combination element 301. The side width of the second receiving surface of the optical combination element 301 is less than the side width of the second light-emitting area of ​​the second color micro LED panel 202.

[0380] In another embodiment, the diameter of the collimator unit 14 (collimator set 1400 ) is larger than the side width of the color combining prism. Preferably, the diameter of the collimator unit 14 (collimator set 1400 ) is not larger than 200% of the side width of the color combining prism 301 .

[0381] In addition, in Fig.37 In some consistent embodiments, the micro LED projector includes, in sequence: a first color micro LED panel 201, a second color micro LED panel 202, a third micro LED panel 203, an optical combination element 301, and a collimator group 1400. The first micro LED panel 201 emits a first color light, the second micro LED panel 202 emits a second color light, and the third micro LED panel 203 emits a third color light.

[0382] The first micro LED panel 201 emits a first color light, wherein the first micro LED panel 201 includes a first color micro LED structure array, and the first color micro LED structure array includes a plurality of first color micro LED structures. The first color micro LED structure is selected from the aforementioned micro LED structure having a first color light emitting layer. The second micro LED panel 202 emits a second color light, wherein the second micro LED panel 202 includes a second color micro LED structure array, and the second color micro LED structure array includes a plurality of second color micro LED structures. The second color micro LED structure is selected from the aforementioned micro LED structure having a second color light emitting layer. The third micro LED panel 203 includes a third micro LED structure array, and the third micro LED structure array includes a plurality of third color micro LED structures; and the third color micro LED structure is selected from the aforementioned micro LED structure having a third color light emitting layer; wherein the first color, the second color, and the third color are different from each other. The optical combination element 301 includes a first polarization beam splitter film, which faces the first color light emitted from the first micro LED panel 201 and the second color light emitted from the second micro LED panel 202; and further includes a second polarization beam splitter film, which faces the second color light emission direction of the second micro LED panel 202 and faces the third color light emission direction of the third micro LED panel 203. Preferably, the optical combination element 301 is a color combining prism. Those skilled in the art can understand the structure of the color combining prism.

[0383] In addition, the collimated light is emitted from the output surface of the optical combination element 301, and then enters the input surface of the collimator unit 14 (collimator group 1400). The distance between the output surface of the optical combination element 301 (color combining prism) and the input surface of the collimator unit 14 (collimator group 1400) is greater than or equal to zero. Preferably, the distance between the output surface of the optical combination element 301 and the input surface of the collimator unit 14 is not greater than 200% of the thickness of the collimator unit 14.

[0384] In addition, the main light angle of the micro LED in the first color micro LED panel 201 is collimated to a point, the main light angle of the micro LED in the second color micro LED panel 202 is collimated to a point, and the main light angle of the micro LED in the third color micro LED panel 203 is collimated to a point. The area of ​​the output surface of the optical combination element 301 is greater than the area of ​​the input surface of the collimator unit 14, and the diameter of the collimator unit 14 (collimator group 1400) can be less than or equal to the side width of the optical combination element, such as the side width of the color combination prism. In addition, the light emitted from the first light emitting area of ​​the first color micro LED panel 201 enters the first receiving surface of the optical combination element 301. The side width of the first receiving surface of the optical combination element 301 is less than the side width of the first light emitting area of ​​the first color micro LED panel 201. The light emitted from the second light emitting area of ​​the second color micro LED panel 202 enters the second receiving surface of the optical combination element 301. The side width of the second receiving surface of the optical combination element 301 is less than the side width of the second light emitting area of ​​the second color micro LED panel 202. And the light emitted from the third light emitting area of ​​the third color micro LED panel 203 enters the third receiving surface of the optical combination element 301. The side width of the third receiving surface of the optical combination element 301 is smaller than the side width of the third light emitting area of ​​the third color micro LED panel 203.

[0385] In some embodiments, the diameter of the collimator unit 14 (collimator set 1400 ) is larger than the side width of the color combining prism. Preferably, the diameter of the collimator unit 14 (collimator set 1400 ) is no larger than 200% of the side width of the color combining prism 301 .

[0386] Note that in some embodiments, the micro LED devices disclosed herein include one, two, three, four, or more micro LED panels.

[0387] A plurality of micro LED structures are arranged in an array to form a micro LED array, which is used as the light emitting area of ​​a micro LED panel. In the micro LED panel, the main light angles of the micro LED structures are different. For example, the main light angles of the micro LED structures increase from any point above the micro LED array to the edge of the micro LED array (such as from the center of the micro LED array to the edge of the micro LED array); therefore, the main light rays of these micro LED structures in the micro LED array can be automatically collimated at a point above the micro LED array, such as a point in the central axis of the micro LED array, such as Fig.19 As shown in; and the micro LED array panel is also Figures 15 to 17. Preferably, the main light angle of these micro-LED structures is increased by a certain amount (such as 1° or other). The certain amount depends on the number of rows and columns of the micro-LED array and the size of the micro-LED array. The main light angle can be changed by offsetting the aforementioned reflective structure along the horizontal plane; or in another embodiment, the main light angle can be changed by offsetting the micro-lens along the horizontal plane, which can refer to U.S. Patent Application No. 63 / 083972.

[0388] For more details of the micro LED structure, reference may be made to the description of Embodiments 1 to 4.

[0389] In with Fig.35 In some embodiments, because the size of the micro LED panel 15 is very small and the main light angle is adjustable, the size of the collimator group 1400 will be smaller. In some embodiments, the diameter of the lens in the collimator group 1400 is reduced, and the thickness of the lens is reduced, so that the volume of the collimator group 1400 will be further reduced. In a similar manner, referring to Fig.36 and Fig.37 In a consistent embodiment, since the size of the micro LED panels 201, 202, and 203 is very small and the main light angle is adjustable, the size of the optical combination element 301 and the size of the collimator group 1400 will be smaller. In some embodiments, the width of the color-combining prism is reduced, so that the volume of the color-combining prism is further reduced. In some embodiments, the diameter of the lens in the collimator group 1400 is reduced and the thickness of the lens is reduced, so that the volume of the collimator group 1400 is further reduced. In some more specific embodiments, the micro LED panel 201, 202, or 203 is not greater than 3 mm, the width of the color-combining prism is not greater than 3 mm, the diameter of the lens in the collimator group 1400 is not greater than 3 mm, and the length of the collimator group 1400 is not greater than 3 mm, so the optical engine or micro LED projector is even smaller, which is conducive to minimizing the device and making it lighter. When the main light angles of the micro LED structures in the micro LED panels 201, 202 and 203 are different and collimated to one point (as mentioned above), the size of the color combining prism and the size of the collimator group 1400 will become smaller and smaller.

[0390] In some embodiments, the central axis of the micro LED array is an axis perpendicular to the micro LED array panel and passing through the symmetry center of the micro LED array. The horizontal plane is parallel to the surface of the micro LED array panel.

[0391] In some further embodiments, the micro LED array panel may include a plurality of the aforementioned micro LEDs formed into an array. The micro LED array panel is a micro self-luminous panel. The micro LEDs in the panel may be organic LEDs or inorganic LEDs. The light emitting area of ​​the micro LED array panel is very small, such as 3mm*5mm. Note that the light emitting area is the area of ​​the micro LED array. The micro LED array panel includes a micro LED array forming a pixel array (such as 1600×1200, 680×480, and 1920×1080). The diameter of the micro LED is in the range of 200nm to 2μm. The IC backplane is formed at the rear surface of the micro LED array and is electrically connected to the micro LED array. The IC backplane obtains signals such as image data from the outside via signal lines to control the corresponding micro LEDs to emit light. The IC backplane generally uses an 8-bit digital-to-analog converter (DAC). The 8-bit DAC has a 256-level representation, and each level corresponds to a grayscale, that is, the 8-bit DAC can provide 256 different grayscales. Since any one of 256 grayscales can be applied to the micro-LED, a grayscale ranging from 0 to 255 can be displayed by one pixel. Optionally, the brightness value of the micro-LED can be controlled by the voltage amplitude or current amplitude of the signal obtained by the IC backplane, and the grayscale can be shown by the time interval (e.g., pulse width) of the signal.

[0392] For more details of the micro LED projector and the micro LED panel, please refer to the description of embodiments 1 to 4.

[0393] Implementation 6

[0394] In with Fig.38 In some embodiments, a micro LED display device is provided, which includes: at least one monolithic micro LED projector 1601 and an optical waveguide 1602. The monolithic micro LED projector 1601 is formed to generate monochrome images of one color or different colors separately. The optical waveguide 1602 is formed to receive the monochrome images from the monolithic micro LED projectors, respectively. The optical waveguide 1602 is further formed to transmit the monochrome images, and then combine the monochrome images into a target image by overlapping the monochrome images.

[0395] In some embodiments, a monolithic micro LED projector includes: a monolithic micro LED panel and a collimator set, wherein light from the monolithic micro LED panel is formed for transmission into the collimator set and for correction therein. The monolithic micro LED projector may be referred to as Figure 32 to Figure 35The aforementioned micro-LED projector shown in . Herein, the micro-LED array in the monolithic micro-LED panel applies micro-LEDs to display pixels. These main light angles of these micro-LEDs are different in the micro-LED panel. Herein, the micro-LED includes a micro-table structure and a micro-lens, wherein, at least in some micro-LEDs, the central axis of the micro-lens is offset from the central axis of the micro-table structure. It is noted that the main light angle of the micro-LED structure can be achieved by the reflective structure 00 as described in Embodiment 1, which can be further referred to U.S. Patent Application No. 63 / 083972. In addition, the micro-LED structure can be the aforementioned micro-LED structure in Embodiments 1 to 5. Further, the details of the micro-LED structure can refer to the description of Embodiments 1 to 5. In some embodiments, the size of the micro-LED projector is not greater than 5mm×5mm×5mm, the size of the micro-LED panel is not greater than 5mm×5mm, and the thickness of the micro-LED display device is not greater than 3mm.

[0396] Herein, the main light angle of the micro-LEDs in the micro-LED panel increases from any point above the micro-LED array to the edge of the micro-LED array. Preferably, in some embodiments, the main light angle of the micro-LEDs in the micro-LED panel increases from the center of the micro-LED array to the edge of the micro-LED array. Further details of the main light angle and the relationship between the main light angle and the micro-LED array can refer to the description in Embodiments 1 to 5.

[0397] Because the main light angle of the micro LED is formed to be collimated to a certain direction, the light area on the collimator group is smaller than the light area of ​​a conventional micro LED projector having a micro LED with the same main angle of 90°, thereby reducing the volume of the micro LED projector and reducing the volume of the light waveguide, which is beneficial to the combination of the micro LED projector and the light waveguide. In addition, the micro LED display device can conveniently reduce the weight and volume of any head-mounted device, head-up device, VR device and AR device or any other micro display device.

[0398] In addition, in Fig.39In some consistent embodiments, the monolithic micro LED projector includes: a first monolithic micro LED projector unit 16011, a second monolithic micro LED projector unit 16012, and a third monolithic micro LED projector unit 16013. The first monolithic micro LED projector unit 16011 generates a first monochrome image of a first color, the second monolithic micro LED projector unit 16012 generates a second monochrome image of a second color, and the third monolithic micro LED projector unit 16013 generates a third monochrome image of a third color. Further, the first monolithic micro LED projector unit 16011 includes at least one first sub-monolithic micro LED projector 160111; the second monolithic micro LED projector 16012 unit includes at least one second sub-monolithic micro LED projector 160121, and the third monolithic micro LED projector unit 16013 includes at least one third monolithic micro LED projector 160131. Preferably, in conjunction with Fig.40 In some embodiments, the first monolithic micro LED projector unit 16011 includes a first sub-monolithic micro LED projector 160111, the second monolithic micro LED projector unit 16012 includes a second sub-monolithic micro LED projector 160121, and the third monolithic micro LED projector unit 16013 includes two third sub-monolithic micro LED projectors 160131. Note that the first color, the second color, and the third color are different. In some embodiments, the first color is blue, the second color is green, and the third color is red. In the embodiment of Fig.41 In some consistent embodiments, the micro LED display device is a lens 1701. The lens 1701 includes a blue micro LED projector B, a green micro LED projector G, and two red micro LED projectors R.

[0399] In with Fig.42 In some embodiments, the optical waveguide includes at least two grating channels 16021 aligned with the monolithic micro LED projector units 16011, 16012, and 16013, respectively; and respectively deliver monochrome images of different colors. Fig.43 In some consistent embodiments, the optical waveguide 1602 includes at least two grating channels 16021 that are aligned with the monolithic micro LED projectors 160111, 160121 and 160131, respectively, and respectively deliver monochrome images.

[0400] In with Fig.38 and Fig.39In some embodiments, the micro LED display device includes an optical combination unit 1603. The optical combination unit 1603 is formed to receive the monochromatic images and is formed to combine the monochromatic images into a target image by overlapping the monochromatic images. The optical combination unit 1603 can be a conventional optical combination unit as small as possible and can be adapted for the optical waveguide 1602, which can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0401] Note that in Figure 34 to Figure 37 In a consistent embodiment, a space is formed between the monolithic micro LED projector 1601 and the light waveguide 1602. The space between the surface of the collimator unit 14 and the light waveguide 1602 is not greater than the thickness of the collimator unit 14. Preferably, the distance between the surface of the collimator unit 14 and the light waveguide 1602 is not greater than 3 mm.

[0402] In addition, the optical waveguide 1602 includes an input region. The main light emitted from the collimator unit 14 is formed to be parallel to the normal direction of the input region. The angle between the main light emitted from the collimator unit 14 and the normal direction of the input region deviates by no more than 5°.

[0403] The micro LED display device can be applied to a micro LED lens. The micro LED lens includes the aforementioned monolithic micro LED projector 1601 and the optical waveguide 1602, which will not be described in detail here. The relationship between the monolithic micro LED projector 1601 and the lens will be further described below.

[0404] In with Fig.44 In some embodiments, based on the center (black dot) of the lens 1701 and the vertical cross lines (two vertical cross dashed lines), the lens 1701 is formed into four quadrants (four areas formed by the two dashed lines). The lens includes four quadrant areas I, II, III and IV, which are divided by the aforementioned four quadrants based on the center of the lens. Note that the center of the lens 1701 is the geometric center of the lens 1701. In some embodiments, the center of the lens 1701 is the position facing the human eye. The four quadrant areas I, II, III and IV are respectively set as the first quadrant area I, the second quadrant area II, the third quadrant area III and the fourth quadrant area IV.

[0405] Furthermore, a monolithic micro LED projector may be formed in the lens, at the edge of the lens, or on the outside of the lens.

[0406] The monolithic micro LED projector is formed in at least one quadrant region I, II, III, or IV. In some embodiments, the monolithic micro LED projector is formed in at least one of the first quadrant region I, the second quadrant region II, the third quadrant region III, or the fourth quadrant region IV. In some embodiments, the monolithic micro LED projectors are not formed in the same quadrant region. In some embodiments, each of the monolithic micro LED projectors is individually formed in a different quadrant region.

[0407] Preferably, in Fig.45 In some embodiments consistent with the present invention, points P1, P2, P3, P4 are the centers of four quadrants I, II, III, IV, respectively. Each of the four quadrants is divided into four sub-quadrants, which are provided as sub-quadrants in each of the four quadrants. Figure 46 to Figure 49 In some consistent embodiments, a monolithic micro LED projector is formed to be placed in or at the edge of at least one quadrant region I, II, III or IV.

[0408] In with Fig.46 and Fig.47 In some embodiments, the monolithic micro LED projectors are formed at the four corners of the lens. In some embodiments, the monolithic micro LED projectors are formed in quadrants that are different from each other. Fig.46 In some consistent embodiments, the red micro LED projector R is placed in the second quadrant area II and the third quadrant area III, the green micro LED projector G is placed in the first quadrant area I, and the blue micro LED projector B is placed in the fourth quadrant area IV.

[0409] In some embodiments, some of the monolithic micro LED projectors are formed in the same quadrant, and some of the monolithic micro LED projectors are formed in quadrants different from each other. Fig.47 In some consistent embodiments, the red micro LED projector R is placed in the second quadrant area II, the green micro LED projector G is placed in the first quadrant area I, and the blue micro LED projector B is placed in the fourth quadrant area IV.

[0410] In addition, monolithic micro-LEDs can be placed in the same quadrant, such as Fig.41 In addition, in the same Fig.48 In some consistent embodiments, the monolithic micro LED projector is formed to be placed at the top edge, bottom edge, left edge, or right edge of the lens.

[0411] In some embodiments, a monolithic micro LED projector is formed to be placed on the outside of the lens. Fig.49In some embodiments, the edge protrusion 18 extends outward from the edge of the lens 1701. The monolithic micro LED projectors R, G, and B are formed to be placed at the edge protrusion 18, wherein the light emitting surfaces of the monolithic micro LED projectors R, G, and B face the input area of ​​the light waveguide 1602. In addition, the edge protrusion 18 can connect the lens to the temple or to any other element. In addition, the edge protrusion 18 is connected to the edge of at least one of the four quadrants. Preferably, the edge protrusion 18 corresponds to the edge of at least one of the sub-quadrants, for example, the edge of the sub-quadrant in the upper right corner.

[0412] In with Fig.45 In some embodiments, the monolithic micro LED projector is formed to be placed near the center P1, P2, P3 or P4. Note that the monolithic micro LED projector can be formed at the center P1, P2, P3 or P4, or at a position offset from the center P1, P2, P3 or P4. In addition, in each quadrant area I, II, III and IV, the deviation distance between the monolithic micro LED projector and the center P1, P2, P3 or P4 is not greater than 50% to 150% of the distance between the center P1, P2, P3 or P4 and the center of the lens (the point at the center of the lens 1701). In some embodiments, the deviation distance between the monolithic micro LED projector and the center P1, P2, P3 or P4 ranges from 0.1 mm to 3 mm. Note that the center of a quadrant area I, II, III or IV is the geometric center of the quadrant, respectively. In addition, note that the aforementioned position of the monolithic micro LED projector is equal to the subsequent position of the monolithic micro LED projector. The area of ​​one quadrant I, II, III or IV is divided into four sub-areas based on the center of the lens. The monolithic micro LED projector is placed near or at the shared corner (the position of point P1, P2, P3 or P4) of the four sub-areas. The deviation of the monolithic micro LED projector from the shared corner is no more than 5% of the side length of the sub-area.

[0413] Herein, in some embodiments, the lens can be a monocular lens. In addition, in some embodiments, the lenses can be applied in pairs. A single-chip micro LED projector is placed in a pair of lenses, and a single-chip micro LED projector is placed in a different lens. Herein, the left lens includes the same number and color of single-chip micro LED projectors as the right lens. In some embodiments, the number of single-chip micro LED projectors in the left lens is different from the number of single-chip micro LED projectors in the right lens. The color of the single-chip micro LED projector in the left lens is different from the color of the single-chip micro LED projector in the right lens. In addition, the position of the single-chip micro LED projector in the left lens is the same as the position of the single-chip micro LED projector in the right lens. Preferably, the position of the single-chip micro LED projector in the left lens forms a mirror image with the position of the single-chip micro LED projector in the right lens. In some embodiments, the position of the single-chip micro LED projector in the left lens is different from the position of the single-chip micro LED projector in the right lens. The position of the single-chip micro LED projector in the left lens and the position of the single-chip micro LED projector in the right lens are symmetrical or asymmetrical based on the central axis between the left lens and the right lens. In with Fig.50 In some embodiments, the distribution of the green micro LED projector G, the blue micro LED projector B, and the red micro LED projector R in the left lens 17011 is symmetrical with the distribution in the right lens 17012. Fig.51 In some embodiments, the green micro LED projector G, the blue micro LED projector B, and the red micro LED projector R are all formed in the same quadrant of the left lens and are symmetrical with the corresponding projectors in the right lens. Note that the distribution of the monolithic micro LED projectors in the left lens may be asymmetrical with the distribution of the monolithic micro LED projectors in the right lens. In some embodiments, the monolithic micro LED projectors may be formed only in the right lens or in the left lens. Fig.52 In some embodiments, the middle connection portion is formed to be placed between the left lens and the right lens, and the single-chip micro LED projector may also be formed at the middle connection portion. Preferably, in some embodiments, the single-chip micro LED projector is formed to be placed at the middle connection portion and close to the left lens or the right lens. In some embodiments, the green micro LED projector is formed to be placed at the middle connection portion and close to the right lens.

[0414] In some embodiments, the number or color of the single-chip micro LED projectors in the left lens is different from the number or color of the single-chip micro LED projectors in the right lens, the left lens displays a first color image, and the right lens displays a second color image. In addition, in some embodiments, the number of single-chip micro LED projectors in the left lens is different from the number of single-chip micro LED projectors in the right lens, and the left lens and the right lens display an image of the same color. In addition, the position of the single-chip micro LED projector in the left lens is different from the position of the single-chip micro LED projector in the right lens, and the left lens and the right lens display an image of the same color.

[0415] Further, the monolithic micro LED projector is formed into a one-dimensional array, for example, Fig.53 , the red micro LED projector R, the green micro LED projector G, and the blue micro LED projector B are arranged in a line. In some embodiments, reference Fig.54 , the monolithic micro LED projector is formed into an M×N array, where M is a positive integer and not less than 1, and N is a positive integer and not less than 1. In another embodiment, the monolithic micro LED projector can be formed into any geometric shape. For example, the monolithic micro LED projector can be formed into a circle, a triangle, or a trapezoid, or any other shape.

[0416] Additionally, the optical waveguide includes an image output region. In some embodiments, the person wears the lens with the image output region facing at least one eye of the person.

[0417] Note that the micro LED lenses can be AR lenses, VR lenses, or any other type of lenses.

[0418] Note that the number of monolithic micro LED projector units is not limited to three as mentioned above; it can also be four, five, and more. In addition, the number of grating channels is the same as the number of monolithic micro LED projector units, or the same as the number of monolithic micro LED projectors.

[0419] It is further noted that the micro LED panel includes a micro LED array and an IC backplane formed on the back of the micro LED array to control the conduction or shutdown of each LED in the micro LED array. In some embodiments, the micro LED array is bonded to the IC backplane by a metal bonding process. Each micro LED panel is individually controlled by its corresponding IC backplane. In some embodiments, in a first color micro LED panel, the IC backplane is formed to control the micro LED array in the first color micro LED panel, and is further formed to not control the micro LED array in the second color micro LED panel.

[0420] Note that in some embodiments, the micro LED projector is placed in the lens, the edge protrusion, or the middle connecting portion. In another embodiment, the micro LED projector can be arranged at any position of the lens, the edge protrusion, or the middle connecting portion to ensure that the main light emitted from the collimator unit 14 can enter the input area of ​​the light waveguide.

[0421] The above description is only an embodiment of the present disclosure, and the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made without departing from the concept and principle of the present disclosure should all fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A micro LED lens, comprising: at least two monolithic micro LED projectors formed to individually generate monochrome images of one color or of different colors; An optical waveguide formed to receive the monochrome images from the monolithic micro LED projector and to transmit the monochrome images respectively; wherein the monolithic micro LED projector is formed in an M×N dimensional array or in an arbitrary geometric shape; wherein M is a positive integer not less than 1, and N is a positive integer not less than 1.

2. The micro-LED lens according to claim 1, wherein: The monolithic micro LED projector is formed in a circular, triangular or trapezoidal shape.

3. The micro LED lens of claim 1, comprising four quadrant areas divided by four quadrants based on the center of the lens; and the single-chip micro LED projector is formed in at least one quadrant.

4. The micro-LED lens according to claim 1, wherein: The optical waveguide further includes an image output region formed to face at least one eye of a person when the micro LED lens is worn.

5. The micro-LED lens according to claim 3, wherein: The monolithic micro LED projectors are not formed in the same quadrant.

6. The micro-LED lens according to claim 5, wherein: Some of the monolithic pico LED projectors are formed in the same quadrant area, and some of the monolithic pico LED projectors are formed in quadrant areas different from each other.

7. The micro-LED lens according to claim 6, wherein: The monolithic micro LED projector comprises a monolithic micro LED panel and a collimator unit having at least one lens, wherein light from the monolithic micro LED panel is formed for transmission into the collimator unit and for correction therein.

8. The micro-LED lens according to claim 6, wherein: A space is formed between the single-chip micro LED projector and the optical waveguide.

9. The micro-LED lens according to claim 8, wherein: The distance between the surface of the collimator group and the optical waveguide is not greater than the distance between the center of the quadrant and the center of the lens.

10. The micro-LED lens according to claim 7, wherein: The optical waveguide includes an input region, and an angle between a main light ray emitted from the collimator unit and a normal direction of the input region is no greater than 5°.

11. The micro-LED lens according to claim 7, wherein: The monolithic micro LED projector includes a micro LED array that uses micro LEDs to display pixels, wherein the micro LEDs have different primary light angles.

12. The micro-LED lens according to claim 7, wherein: The micro LED of the micro LED projector comprises: A micro-mesa structure comprising a first semiconductor layer, a light-emitting layer, and a second semiconductor layer; a micro lens formed above the micro mesa structure; In some micro-LEDs, a central axis of the micro-lens is offset from a central axis of the micro-mesa structure.

13. The micro-LED lens according to claim 7, wherein: The primary light angles of the micro LEDs in the micro LED panel increase from any point above the micro LED array to the edge of the micro LED array.

14. The micro-LED lens according to claim 13, wherein: The main light angle of the micro LEDs in the micro LED panel increases from the center of the micro LED array to the edge of the micro LED array.

15. The micro-LED lens according to claim 14, wherein: The main light angle of the micro LED structure is increased by a certain amount; the certain amount depends on the number of rows, columns and size of the micro LED array.

16. The micro-LED lens according to claim 14, wherein: The primary light rays emitted from the micro LED array are automatically collimated at a point above the micro LED array.

17. The micro-LED lens according to claim 16, wherein: The main light emitted from the micro LED array is automatically collimated at a point on the central axis of the micro LED array.

18. The micro-LED lens according to claim 14, wherein: The main light angle is in the range of 0° to 45° relative to a vertical axis of the micro LED.

19. The micro-LED lens according to claim 8, wherein: The distance between the micro LED panel and the surface of the collimator group is no more than 2 mm.

20. The micro-LED lens according to claim 8, wherein: The size of the collimator group is determined by the effective emission area of ​​the micro LED panel and the light area on the collimator group.

21. The micro-LED lens according to claim 1, wherein: The monolithic micro LED projector comprises: a first monolithic micro LED projector unit generating a first monochrome image of a first color; a second monolithic pico LED projector unit that generates a second monochrome image of a second color; and a third monolithic pico LED projector unit generating a third monochrome image of a third color; Wherein, the first monolithic micro LED projector unit includes at least one first sub-monolithic micro LED projector, the second monolithic micro LED projector unit includes at least one second sub-monolithic micro LED projector, and the third monolithic micro LED projector unit includes at least one third sub-monolithic micro LED projector; wherein the first color, the second color and the third color are different.

22. The micro-LED lens according to claim 21, wherein: The first monolithic micro LED projector unit includes one first monolithic micro LED projector, the second monolithic micro LED projector unit includes one second monolithic micro LED projector, and the third monolithic micro LED projector unit includes two third monolithic micro LED projectors.

23. The micro-LED lens according to claim 21, wherein: The first color is blue, the second color is green, and the third color is red.

24. The micro-LED lens according to claim 21, wherein: The optical waveguide includes at least two grating channels, and the at least two grating channels are respectively aligned with the single-chip micro LED projector unit and respectively transmit the monochrome images of different colors.

25. The micro-LED lens according to claim 24, wherein: The optical waveguide includes at least two grating channels, and the at least two grating channels are respectively aligned with the single-chip micro LED projector and respectively transmit the monochrome image.

26. The micro-LED lens of claim 1, wherein: The optical waveguide includes: at least two grating areas which respectively transmit the monochromatic images; and an optical combining unit which is formed to receive the monochromatic images and is formed to combine the monochromatic images into a target image by overlapping them.

27. The micro-LED lens of claim 1, wherein: The optical waveguide includes: a grating region that transmits the monochromatic image; and an optical combining unit that is formed to receive the monochromatic image and is formed to combine the monochromatic images into a target image by overlapping them.

Images