Non-contact serial communication system and Internet of Things device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a non-contact serial communication system and an Internet of Things device. The non-contact serial communication system includes: a control module and a communication module; the control module includes a first light-emitting component; the communication module includes: a first photosensitive component, a first switching unit, a first driving unit, a second switching unit, and a communication unit; the first photosensitive component is configured to output a conduction signal to the first switching unit when receiving a light signal output by the first light-emitting component and exceeding a first preset intensity; the first switching unit is configured to output a corresponding electrical signal to the communication unit according to whether the conduction signal is received, so as to implement the function of transmitting data to the communication unit; the first driving unit is configured to output a driving signal to the control end of the second switching unit when the first switching unit outputs a high level; so that the second switching unit conducts the path between the first power supply and the power supply terminal and continuously conducts for a preset duration, enabling the first power supply to continuously supply power to the communication unit during the data transmission stage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of the Internet of Things, and particularly to a non-contact serial communication system and an Internet of Things device. Background Art

[0002] In the field of the Internet of Things, devices often perform data interaction with a platform through networks such as NB_IoT or 4G (CAT.1). However, the quality of the mobile network is limited by the base station deployment and signal coverage, and it is difficult to ensure stable network communication. To meet customer requirements, devices need to have the ability to flexibly select different operator networks or communication methods.

[0003] In addition, communication components in Internet of Things devices often face failure problems, such as expired fees, communication module failures, or battery depletion. To solve these problems, designers usually integrate components such as communication modules, SIM cards, and batteries into communication components, separate them from the main body structure of the device, and perform data transmission and power control through contact connections (such as connectors or gold fingers). Although this method facilitates the replacement of communication components and network switching, in a harsh environment, contact connections are prone to moisture, oxidation, or corrosion, resulting in communication failures. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main objective of the present invention is to provide a non-contact serial communication system, aiming to solve the connection and communication problems between communication components and the main body of an Internet of Things device.

[0005] To achieve the above objective, the non-contact serial communication system proposed by the present invention includes: a control module and a communication module;

[0006] The control module includes a control unit and a first light-emitting component connected to each other; the first light-emitting component is used to emit light or go out according to the signal output by the control unit;

[0007] The communication module includes: a first photosensitive component, a first switch unit, a first driving unit, a second switch unit, and a communication unit;

[0008] The first photosensitive component and the first switch unit are connected in parallel between a first power supply and the ground potential; the second switch unit is arranged between the first power supply and the power supply terminal of the communication module;

[0009] The first photosensitive component is connected to the control end of the first switching unit, and is configured to output a conduction signal to the first switching unit when receiving an optical signal with an intensity exceeding a first preset intensity output by the first light-emitting component; the first switching unit is connected to the data input end of the communication unit, and is configured to output a corresponding electrical signal to the communication unit according to whether the conduction signal is received, so as to implement the function of transmitting data to the communication unit; specifically, when the first switching unit receives the conduction signal, it conducts and outputs a high level to the data input end;

[0010] The input end of the first driving unit is connected to the first switching unit, and the output end is connected to the control end of the second switching unit, and is configured to output a driving signal to the control end of the second switching unit when the first switching unit outputs a high level; the second switching unit is configured to conduct the path between the first power supply and the power supply end when receiving the driving signal, and continue to conduct for a preset duration after the driving signal disappears, so that the first power supply continuously supplies power to the communication unit during the data transmission stage.

[0011] Optionally, the first switching unit includes: a first switching tube and a voltage dividing circuit;

[0012] The first end of the first switching tube is connected to the first power supply, the control end is connected to the first photosensitive component, and the second end is connected to the first end of the voltage dividing circuit;

[0013] The first end of the voltage dividing circuit is connected to the input end of the first driving unit, the second end is grounded, and the output end is connected to the data input end of the communication unit; the voltage dividing circuit is configured to output a high level to the data input end when the first switching tube conducts, otherwise output a low level.

[0014] Optionally, the second switching unit includes: a second switching tube and a delay circuit;

[0015] The first end of the second switching tube is connected to the first power supply, the second end is connected to the power supply end of the communication unit, and the control end is connected to the output end of the first driving unit;

[0016] The delay circuit is arranged between the first end and the control end of the second switching tube, and is configured to store electrical energy when the second switching tube receives the driving signal and conducts;

[0017] The delay circuit is further configured to maintain the potential difference between the first end and the control end of the second switching tube greater than a set voltage difference within a preset duration after the driving signal disappears, so that the second switching tube remains conducting within the preset duration.

[0018] Optionally, the delay circuit includes a first capacitor and a first resistor;

[0019] The first capacitor and the first resistor are connected in parallel between the first end and the control end of the second switching tube.

[0020] Optionally, the first driving unit includes: a second resistor and a third switching tube;

[0021] Two ends of the second resistor are respectively connected to the first switching unit and the control end of the third switching tube; the first end of the third switching tube is connected to the control end of the second switching unit, and the second end is grounded;

[0022] The third switching tube is used to conduct when the first switching unit outputs a high level, pulling down the potential of the control end of the second switching unit, so that the second switching unit conducts the path between the first power supply and the power supply end.

[0023] Optionally, the communication module further includes:

[0024] An indicating unit, the first end of the indicating unit is connected to the first end of the first switching tube, and the second end is grounded; the indicating unit is used to emit light using the electric energy of the first power supply when the first switching tube conducts, to indicate that the communication module is in a data receiving state.

[0025] Optionally, the first photosensitive component includes a first photosensitive element and a third resistor connected in series;

[0026] The first end of the third resistor is connected to the first power supply, the second end of the first photosensitive element is grounded; the first end of the first photosensitive element is connected to the control end of the first switching unit.

[0027] Optionally, the communication module further includes: a second light-emitting component and a second driving unit;

[0028] The second light-emitting component and the second driving unit are connected in series between the power supply end of the communication unit and the ground potential; the control end of the second driving unit is connected to the data output end of the communication unit;

[0029] The second driving unit is used to conduct when the communication unit outputs a first electrical signal, so that the second light-emitting component emits light;

[0030] The second driving unit is further used to turn off when the communication unit outputs a second electrical signal, so that the second light-emitting component goes out;

[0031] The control module further includes a second photosensitive component, and the second photosensitive component is connected to the data input end of the control unit;

[0032] The second photosensitive component is used to receive the light emitted by the second light-emitting component, and convert the brightness change of the second light-emitting component into a corresponding electrical signal and output it to the control unit.

[0033] Optionally, the second light-emitting component includes a fourth resistor and a second infrared emitting diode; the second driving unit includes a fourth switching transistor.

[0034] The fourth resistor is disposed between the power supply terminal of the communication unit and the anode of the second infrared emitting diode; the first end and the second end of the fourth switching transistor are respectively connected to the cathode of the second infrared emitting diode and the ground potential; the control terminal of the fourth switching transistor is connected to the data output terminal of the communication unit.

[0035] The second photosensitive component includes: a fifth resistor, a fifth switching transistor, a second infrared receiving diode, and a sixth resistor.

[0036] The fifth resistor and the second infrared receiving diode are serially disposed between the second power supply and the ground potential; the fifth switching transistor and the sixth resistor are serially disposed between the second power supply and the ground potential.

[0037] The control terminal of the fifth switching transistor is connected to the connection end of the fifth resistor and the second infrared receiving diode; the data input terminal of the control unit is connected to the connection end of the fifth switching transistor and the sixth resistor.

[0038] The present invention further provides an Internet of Things device, which includes the non-contact serial communication system described above.

[0039] The present invention discloses a non-contact serial communication system, and the non-contact serial communication system includes: a control module and a communication module; the control module includes a control unit and a first light-emitting component connected thereto; the first light-emitting component is configured to emit light or go out according to a signal output by the control unit; the communication module includes: a first photosensitive component, a first switch unit, a first driving unit, a second switch unit, and a communication unit; the first photosensitive component and the first switch unit are connected in parallel between a first power supply and a ground potential; the second switch unit is disposed between the first power supply and a power supply terminal of the communication module; the first photosensitive component is connected to a control end of the first switch unit, and is configured to output a conduction signal to the first switch unit when receiving a light signal output by the first light-emitting component and exceeding a first preset intensity; the first switch unit is connected to a data input end of the communication unit, and is configured to output a corresponding electrical signal to the communication unit according to whether the conduction signal is received, so as to implement the function of transmitting data to the communication unit; specifically, when the first switch unit receives the conduction signal, it conducts and outputs a high level to the data input end; an input end of the first driving unit is connected to the first switch unit, and an output end is connected to a control end of the second switch unit, and is configured to output a driving signal to the control end of the second switch unit when the first switch unit outputs a high level; the second switch unit is configured to conduct a path between the first power supply and the power supply terminal when receiving the driving signal, and continuously conduct for a preset duration after the driving signal disappears, so that the first power supply continuously supplies power to the communication unit during a data transmission stage. Description of the Drawings

[0040] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings.

[0041] Figure 1 It is a first structural schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the non-contact serial communication system of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 It is a second structural schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the non-contact serial communication system of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 3 It is a third structural schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the non-contact serial communication system of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 4 It is a fourth structural schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the non-contact serial communication system of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 5 The fifth structural schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the non-contact serial communication system of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 6 The sixth structural schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the non-contact serial communication system of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 7 The first structural schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the non-contact serial communication system of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 8 The second structural schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the non-contact serial communication system of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 9 The third structural schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the non-contact serial communication system of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 10 The first structural schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the non-contact serial communication system of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 11 The second structural schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the non-contact serial communication system of the present invention.

[0052] Explanation of the reference numerals in the drawings:

[0053]

[0054] The realization, functional features and advantages of the object of the present invention will be further described with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. Detailed implementation manners

[0055] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0056] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back...) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement conditions between components in a specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly.

[0057] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, terms such as "connection" and "fixation" shall be understood in a broad sense. For example, "fixation" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components or the interaction relationship between two components, unless otherwise clearly defined. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0058] In addition, in the present invention, descriptions such as "first" and "second" are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, the technical solutions between various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the ability of those of ordinary skill in the art to implement. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0059] In the field of the Internet of Things, devices often perform data interaction with platforms through networks such as NB_IoT or 4G (CAT.1). However, the quality of mobile networks is limited by base station deployment and signal coverage, making it difficult to ensure stable network communication. To meet customer requirements, devices need to have the ability to flexibly select different operator networks or communication methods.

[0060] Due to the problem of uneven mobile network coverage, in the field of Internet of Things meters, especially Internet of Things water meters, the online rate is generally not ideal. For example, the local mobile signal of the water meter is better than the telecom signal, and a mobile meter is installed on site. In some places, the telecom signal is better, but a mobile water meter is installed; in some places, an NB_IOT water meter is installed, but the surrounding NB_IoT network coverage is poor while the 4G network coverage is good, and in some other places, the NB_IoT network coverage is better than the 4G network. This results in the online rate of the water meters uniformly purchased by the water company generally not reaching the expectation after installation. To solve this problem, network optimization or replacement of water meters that are more compatible with the network environment is usually carried out, which generates a large amount of maintenance work. If there is a water meter that can directly replace the communication part without moving the main body of the water meter and is adaptively plug-and-play, it will greatly reduce the cost and efficiency problems brought by replacing water meters.

[0061] To achieve the above functions, it is necessary to design a structure in which the communication part and the instrument main body can be separated. In this way, the instrument main body can choose to connect communication units that support different operator networks and send the interaction of communication commands and data when communication is required. However, since some instruments, such as water meters, are used in very harsh environments, the overall waterproof performance of the instrument is required to be very high. This requires that the electrical connection between the instrument main body and the communication part has a very high waterproof performance to be durable and reliable. The traditional electrical connection method between the communication module and the instrument main board is the UART interface, and this interface requires the physical connection of at least several wires. It is difficult to implement this physical connection in the structural design, and the effect often fails to meet the expectations. If the serial port level communication of the physical connection is changed to optical signal communication, such as infrared communication, through circuit conversion between the main board and the communication module, the waterproof problem of this interface design can be effectively solved.

[0062] In addition, the communication components in Internet of Things devices often face problems such as expired fees, communication module failures, or battery depletion. To solve these problems, designers usually integrate components such as communication modules, SIM cards, and batteries into a communication component, separate it from the device main body structure, and perform data transmission and power control through contact connections (such as connectors or gold fingers). Although this method is convenient for replacing communication components and network switching, in harsh environments, contact connections are prone to moisture, oxidation, or corrosion, resulting in communication failures. To solve the above problems, this solution proposes a non-contact serial communication system. Specifically, light is used as the communication carrier between the communication component and the main body module.

[0063] It should be noted that serial communication is divided into simplex communication, half-duplex communication, and full-duplex communication. The above three communication methods are suitable for different Internet of Things scenarios; among them, simplex communication is suitable for scenarios where Internet of Things devices report data information to the server, such as Internet of Things water meters for detecting water flow, electricity meters for detecting electricity consumption, or gas meters for detecting gas consumption. Half-duplex communication is suitable for Internet of Things scenarios with low requirements for data timeliness; for example, shared bicycles report location information to the server, and the server transmits the current time information and whether the vehicle exceeds the operation range to the shared bicycle. Full-duplex communication is suitable for Internet of Things scenarios with high requirements for data timeliness, such as unmanned automatic operation vehicles, robots, drones, or remote surgical medical instruments.

[0064] It is easy to understand that full-duplex communication can meet the requirements of simplex communication scenarios and half-duplex communication scenarios, and half-duplex communication can meet the requirements of simplex communication scenarios. Considering cost, corresponding serial communication technologies need to be used according to different Internet of Things scenarios.

[0065] Refer to Figures 1 to 6, the first embodiment of the present invention is proposed; the present invention discloses a non-contact serial communication system, and the non-contact serial communication system includes: a control module 1 and a communication module 2;

[0066] The control module 1 includes a connected control unit 10 and a first light-emitting component 11; the first light-emitting component 11 is used to emit light or go out according to the signal output by the control unit 10;

[0067] The communication module 2 includes: a first photosensitive component 20, a first switch unit 21, a first driving unit 22, a second switch unit 23 and a communication unit 24;

[0068] The first photosensitive component 20 and the first switch unit 21 are connected in parallel between the first power supply and the ground potential; the second switch unit 23 is arranged between the first power supply and the power supply terminal of the communication module 2;

[0069] The first photosensitive component 20 is connected to the control end of the first switch unit 21, and is used to output a conduction signal to the first switch unit 21 when receiving an optical signal output by the first light-emitting component 11 that exceeds a first preset intensity; the first switch unit 21 is connected to the data input end of the communication unit 24, and is used to output a corresponding electrical signal to the communication unit 24 according to whether the conduction signal is received, so as to realize the function of transmitting data to the communication unit 24; specifically, the first switch unit 21 conducts when receiving the conduction signal and outputs a high level to the data input end;

[0070] The input end of the first driving unit 22 is connected to the first switch unit 21, and the output end is connected to the control end of the second switch unit 23, and is used to output a driving signal to the control end of the second switch unit 23 when the first switch unit 21 outputs a high level; the second switch unit 23 is used to conduct the path between the first power supply and the power supply terminal when receiving the driving signal and continue to conduct for a preset duration after the driving signal disappears, so that the first power supply continuously supplies power to the communication unit 24 during the data transmission stage. The communication unit 24 may include a WiFi module, a Bluetooth module, a StarFlash module or a ZigBee module, etc.

[0071] It should be noted that the non-contact serial communication system is applied to Internet of Things devices, and the control module 1 and the communication module 2 are components of the Internet of Things devices. The communication module 2 is used to communicate with the server, and non-contact serial communication is carried out between the control module 1 and the communication module 2; the communication method between the two can depend on the type of the Internet of Things device and the requirement for the timeliness of communication data with the server. In particular, the non-contact serial communication system is applied to water meters, and the main function of the water meter is to upload the detected flow information to the server; therefore, the water meter can choose to use simplex communication, and the control module 1 transmits data to the communication module 2, and the data is uploaded to the server through the communication module 2.

[0072] The control module 1 includes a connected control unit 10 and a first light-emitting component 11; the first light-emitting component 11 is used to emit light or go out according to the signal output by the control unit 10; the control module 1 emits light by controlling the first light-emitting component 11 to form high and low levels in the first photosensitive component 20, so as to transmit signals. It is easy to understand that the first photosensitive component 20 includes a photosensitive device, which can adjust the electrical signal output to the first switch unit 21 according to the received light intensity; the first light-emitting component 11 can define the wavelength of the emitted light. As long as it can emit light and adjust the output voltage value according to the received light intensity. In particular, an infrared pair tube can be used, with the infrared transmitting tube arranged in the first light-emitting component 11 and the infrared receiving tube arranged in the first photosensitive component 20. The control unit 10 can include controllers such as MCU, FPGA or SOC.

[0073] In order to avoid light interference inside and outside the Internet of Things device, a sealed space can be set in the Internet of Things device, or the photosensitive element in the first photosensitive component 20 and the light-emitting element in the first light-emitting component 11 can be encapsulated.

[0074] The converted non-contact optical communication interface can realize the serial communication function between the control module and the communication module, but new problems have also arisen: the communication module needs to be independently powered and works in the PSM or sleep mode so that when the control module needs to communicate, the communication module can be woken up in time to complete the communication task. For an independently powered communication module, if it works in the PSW or sleep mode, there will still be power consumption theoretically.

[0075] Based on this, the present invention provides a circuit topology of a communication module, which can turn on and maintain the power supply of the communication module when the control module issues a communication command, that is, initiates optical communication, and automatically turns off the power supply of the communication module after completing the communication task, so as to further reduce the power consumption of the communication part.

[0076] The first photosensitive component 20 and the first switch unit 21 are connected in parallel between the first power supply and the ground potential; the second switch unit 23 is arranged between the first power supply and the power supply terminal of the communication module 2;

[0077] The first photosensitive component 20 is connected to the control end of the first switch unit 21 and is used for outputting a conduction signal to the first switch unit 21 when receiving an optical signal with an intensity exceeding a first preset intensity output by the first light-emitting component 11.

[0078] The first photosensitive component 20 is arranged between the first power supply and the low potential and has a first photosensitive element. The first photosensitive element and other elements in the first photosensitive component 20 form a voltage-dividing circuit 210; the first photosensitive element adjusts its own resistance value according to the received light intensity, so as to adjust the voltage value across the first photosensitive component 20 and the voltage value applied to the other elements. The first photosensitive component 20 can use the first photosensitive element or the voltage value on the other elements as the conduction signal output to the control end of the first switch unit 21. It should be noted that due to the existence of the first power supply, there is voltage on the elements in the first photosensitive component 20, that is, the first photosensitive component 20 outputs an electrical signal to the first switch unit 21 at all times when the first power supply is working properly; however, for the first switch unit 21, a voltage signal with a specific amplitude to a current signal needs to be applied to the control end to be turned on. At this time, the signal output by the first photosensitive component 20 is called a conduction signal.

[0079] That is, according to actual requirements, the specific value of the first preset intensity optical signal can be obtained from the conduction voltage or current value of the first switch unit 21, the placement method of the first photosensitive element in the first photosensitive component 20, and the characteristics of the first photosensitive element. Refer to Figure 1 In a specific implementation manner, the first photosensitive element is arranged close to the first power supply, and the element close to the ground potential in the first photosensitive component 20 is equivalent to the equivalent resistance in the figure, and the voltage value across the equivalent resistance is output to the first switch unit 21. When the first photosensitive element has its resistance value decreased and its overcurrent capacity enhanced as the light intensity increases; the voltage value across the equivalent resistance rises; the first photosensitive component 20 outputs a high level to the first switch unit 21. It is easy to understand that in this embodiment, the first switch unit 21 needs to be turned on when receiving a high-level control signal; for example: an NMOS transistor.

[0080] Refer to Figure 2, the first photosensitive element is set close to the low potential. The element in the first photosensitive component 20 close to the first power supply is equivalent to the equivalent resistance in the figure, and the voltage across the first photosensitive element is output to the first switch unit 21. When the first photosensitive element increases in light intensity, its resistance value decreases and the voltage value across its two ends drops; the first photosensitive component 20 outputs a low level to the first switch unit 21. It is easy to understand that in this embodiment, the first switch unit 21 needs to conduct when receiving a low-level control signal. For example: a PMOS transistor.

[0081] Referring to Figure 5 , the first photosensitive component 20 and the first switch component are connected in parallel between the first power supply and the ground potential, and the second switch unit 23 is arranged between the first power supply and the communication unit 24; wherein, the first photosensitive component 20 outputs signals to the first switch unit 21 and the second switch unit 23 according to the light intensity of the light emitted by the first light-emitting component 11 to control the first switch unit 21 and the second switch unit 23 to conduct or turn off. Specifically, when the first photosensitive component 20 receives a light signal of a first preset intensity, it outputs a conduction signal to the first switch unit 21 and the second switch unit 23, so that the first switch unit 21 and the second switch unit 23 conduct, and thus the first power supply supplies power to the communication unit 24, and the first switch unit 21 outputs an electrical signal for transmitting data information to the communication unit 24.

[0082] In addition, it should be noted that at least one switching device is included in the first switch unit 21. To ensure that the electrical signal output to the communication unit 24 can change when the first switch unit 21 conducts and turns off, the data input terminal of the communication unit 24 cannot be connected to the first power supply or the low potential. Referring to Figure 3 , the voltage value across the equivalent resistance formed by other elements of the first switch unit 21 is used as the voltage signal output to the data input terminal of the communication unit 24. When the switching device is turned off, the data input terminal is at a low level; when the switching device is turned on, the data input terminal is at a high level. Referring to Figure 4 , the switching device is close to the ground potential. When the switching device is turned off, the data input terminal is at a high level; when the switching device is turned on, the data input terminal is at a low level.

[0083] In summary, it is easy to obtain that the placement positions of the switching devices in the first switching unit 21 and the photosensitive elements in the first photosensitive component 20 will affect the level signal received by the data input terminal of the communication unit 24 when the first light-emitting component 11 emits light. By reasonably setting the positions of the switching devices and the photosensitive elements, it is possible to achieve that when the first light-emitting component 11 emits a light signal exceeding the first preset intensity, the communication unit 24 receives a high-level signal. It can be understood that by additionally setting the positions of the switching devices and the photosensitive elements, it is also possible to achieve that when the first light-emitting component 11 emits a light signal exceeding the first preset intensity, the communication unit 24 receives a low-level signal.

[0084] It should be noted that under normal operating conditions, the light intensity of the light signal emitted by the first light-emitting component 11 exceeds the first preset intensity. The first preset intensity can be used to filter out ambient light interference below the first preset intensity in the environment; the first preset intensity can be determined by the R & D personnel, and the corresponding switching devices and the first photosensitive elements can be selected.

[0085] When the first light-emitting component 11 emits light, the first photosensitive component 20 outputs a conduction signal to the first switching unit 21; when the first switching unit 21 receives the conduction signal, according to the placement position of the switching devices in the first switching unit 21, it outputs a high level or a low level to the data input terminal of the communication unit 24. Correspondingly, when the first light-emitting component 11 does not emit light, the first switching unit 21 does not receive the conduction signal and outputs a low level or a high level to the data input terminal. The control unit 10 can control the first light-emitting component 11 to emit light or go out, output a data signal to the communication unit 24 for communication, and realize the function of transmitting data to the communication unit 24. In a specific implementation case, as Figure 3 shown, the switching device is placed close to the first power supply; the first switching unit 21 conducts when it receives the conduction signal and outputs a high level to the data input terminal. The first switching unit 21 turns off when it does not receive the conduction signal and outputs a low level to the data input terminal.

[0086] Refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6, the first photosensitive component 20 is connected to the first switch unit 21 and the second switch unit 23; when the first photosensitive component 20 receives the optical signal emitted by the first light-emitting component 11, it outputs a conduction signal to the first switch unit 21 and the second switch unit 23; when the second switch unit 23 receives the conduction signal, it conducts, so that the first power supply powers the communication unit 24. Combining with the first light-emitting component 11 emitting light, the first photosensitive component 20 outputs a conduction signal; if a capacitor is provided at the power supply terminal of the communication unit 24, when the second switch unit 23 receives the conduction signal and conducts, the capacitor is charged; when the second switch unit 23 does not receive the conduction signal and is turned off, the capacitor supplies power to the communication unit 24 for continuous power. Thus, the control unit 10 can control the first power supply to supply power to the communication unit 24 by outputting an optical signal through the first light-emitting component 11, and at the same time transmit data to the communication unit 24. It should be noted that this solution requires the communication unit 24 to be configured with a capacitor with a suitable capacitance value; generally, the commercially available communication unit 24 is not configured correspondingly, or the capacitance value may not meet the requirements. Therefore, the compatibility of this solution is not high. And it is easy to damage the first switch unit 21 and lose the conduction ability, that is, when the data transmission function is damaged, the second switch unit 23 conducts, so that the communication unit 24 is awakened from the sleep state and waits for power consumption.

[0087] In addition, since the second switch unit 23 is connected in parallel between the first end and the output end of the first photosensitive component 20; referring to Figure 6 , an equivalent resistance is provided between the source and the gate of the MOS transistor in the second switch unit 23; if in order to make the MOS transistor in the figure continue to conduct when the first photosensitive component 20 stops outputting the conduction signal, so that the first power supply continuously powers the communication unit 24 during the signal transmission period. If a capacitor is provided between the gate and the source, the capacitor and the equivalent resistance form an RC circuit, and the continuous charging and discharging of the RC circuit will affect the voltage value of the conduction signal output by the first photosensitive component 20, and then data transmission distortion will occur.

[0088] To solve the above problems, referring to Figure 7 , the second embodiment of the present invention is proposed. A first driving unit 22 is provided between the first switch unit 21 and the second switch unit 23. The input end of the first driving unit 22 is connected to the first switch unit 21, and the output end is connected to the control end of the second switch unit 23, and is used for outputting a driving signal to the control end of the second switch unit 23 when the first switch unit 21 receives the conduction signal and conducts; the second switch unit 23 is used for conducting the path between the first power supply and the power supply terminal when receiving the driving signal, and continuously conducting for a preset duration after the driving signal disappears, so that the first power supply continuously powers the communication unit 24 during the data transmission stage.

[0089] Referring toFigure 3 and Figure 4 , the placement of the switch device inside the first switch unit 21 is different, which will affect the voltage amplitude of the output signal. Figure 8 In a specific implementation, when the first switch unit 21 outputs a high level, the first drive unit 22 outputs a drive signal to the control end of the second switch unit 23 so that the first power supply continues to power the communication unit 24 during the data transmission stage.

[0090] It should be noted that the output of the driving unit by the first driving unit 22 to the second switch unit 23 depends on the conduction of the first switch unit 21; therefore, it can be avoided that when the first switch unit 21 is damaged, the first power supply supplies power to the communication unit 24, thereby wasting electric energy. In addition, the second switch unit 23 is provided with a voltage-stabilizing freewheeling circuit such as an RC circuit, which will not cause the voltage value of the conduction signal output by the first photosensitive component 20 to change, thereby avoiding data transmission distortion.

[0091] In addition, the preset duration is determined by the R&D personnel, who can select and set the corresponding delay circuit 230 and related components according to actual needs to achieve the preset duration conduction.

[0092] The present invention discloses a non-contact serial communication system, and the non-contact serial communication system includes: a control module 1 and a communication module 2; the control module 1 includes a control unit 10 and a first light-emitting component 11 connected to each other; the first light-emitting component 11 is configured to emit light or go out according to a signal output by the control unit 10; the communication module 2 includes: a first photosensitive component 20, a first switch unit 21, a first driving unit 22, a second switch unit 23, and a communication unit 24; the first photosensitive component 20 and the first switch unit 21 are connected in parallel between a first power supply and a ground potential; the second switch unit 23 is arranged between the first power supply and a power supply terminal of the communication module 2; the first photosensitive component 20 is connected to a control end of the first switch unit 21 and is configured to output a conduction signal to the first switch unit 21 when receiving a light signal output by the first light-emitting component 11 and exceeding a first preset intensity; the first switch unit 21 is connected to a data input end of the communication unit 24 and is configured to output a corresponding electrical signal to the communication unit 24 according to whether the conduction signal is received, so as to implement the function of transmitting data to the communication unit 24; specifically, the first switch unit 21 conducts when receiving the conduction signal and outputs a high level to the data input end; an input end of the first driving unit 22 is connected to the first switch unit 21, and an output end is connected to a control end of the second switch unit 23 and is configured to output a driving signal to the control end of the second switch unit 23 when the first switch unit 21 outputs a high level; the second switch unit 23 is configured to conduct a path between the first power supply and the power supply terminal when receiving the driving signal and continuously conduct for a preset duration after the driving signal disappears, so that the first power supply continuously supplies power to the communication unit 24 during a data transmission stage.

[0093] It should be noted that in this solution, optical communication is used for communication between the control module 1 and the communication module 2, replacing the traditional contact connection for data transmission, avoiding the disadvantages of easy moisture absorption, oxidation or corrosion of the contact connection, and providing a new non-contact serial communication system. In addition, this solution also provides the circuit structure of the communication module 2. The first photosensitive component 20 receives the optical signal and provides a conduction signal for the first switch unit 21 to indirectly control the conduction of the second switch unit 23. Specifically, the second switch unit 23 is used to conduct the path between the first power supply and the power supply terminal when receiving the drive signal, and continue to conduct for a preset duration after the drive signal disappears, so that the first power supply continuously supplies power to the communication unit 24 during the data transmission stage. It is easy to understand that after the control module 1 initiates communication, the conduction signal emitted by the first photosensitive component 20 passes through the first switch component 21 and the first drive unit 22, causing the second switch unit 23 to conduct the path between the first power supply and the power supply terminal of the communication module 2, enabling the first power supply to supply power to the communication unit 24. In addition, the first switch unit 21 is connected to the data input terminal of the communication unit 24 and is used to output corresponding electrical signals to the communication unit 24 according to whether the conduction signal is received, realizing the function of transmitting data to the communication unit 24. Therefore, when the control module 1 initiates optical communication, the first power supply can supply power to the communication unit 24 within the communication module 2, and the first switch unit 21 sends electrical signals corresponding to the optical signals received by the first photosensitive component 20 to the communication unit 24 through switch closing and conduction, completing data transmission.

[0094] In addition, the second switch unit 23 conducts the path between the first power supply and the power supply terminal when receiving the drive signal, and continues to conduct for a preset duration after the drive signal disappears; thus, it can be realized that during continuous optical communication data transmission, the communication module 2 will not be frequently powered off due to the transmitted binary numbers, and after the optical communication ends, the power supply of the communication unit 24 will be disconnected in time, reducing the power consumption of the communication module 2.

[0095] The circuit provided by the present invention realizes the non-contact optical serial communication function between the control module and the communication module. At the same time, during the communication process, the effective supply of electrical energy to the communication unit is controlled, thereby achieving an overall improvement in the waterproof performance, communication function, and power consumption reduction of the communication component and the instrument main body, and providing a better main body and communication separation solution.

[0096] The first switch unit 21 includes: a first switch transistor Q1 and a voltage dividing circuit 210;

[0097] The first end of the first switch transistor Q1 is connected to the first power supply, the control end is connected to the first photosensitive component 20, and the second end is connected to the first end of the voltage dividing circuit 210;

[0098] The first end of the voltage dividing circuit 210 is connected to the input end of the first driving unit 22, the second end is grounded, and the output end is connected to the data input end of the communication unit 24; the voltage dividing circuit 210 is used to output a high level to the data input end when the first switching transistor Q1 is turned on, otherwise output a low level.

[0099] The first switching transistor Q1 is arranged close to the first power supply, and the voltage dividing circuit 210 is arranged close to the ground potential; as Figure 8 shown, Figure 8 it includes a resistor voltage dividing circuit 210. When the first switching transistor Q1 is turned off, the voltage dividing circuit 210 outputs a low level to the communication unit 24 and the first driving unit 22. Moreover, when the first switching transistor Q1 is turned on, the voltage dividing circuit 210 outputs a high level to the communication unit 24 and the first driving unit 22.

[0100] It is easy to obtain that when the first light-emitting component 11 emits light, the voltage dividing circuit 210 outputs a high level to the communication unit 24; when the first light-emitting component 11 stops emitting light, the voltage dividing circuit 210 outputs a low level to the communication unit 24.

[0101] The first switching transistor Q1 may include a triode, a MOS transistor, an IGBT transistor, etc. In particular, Figure 8 the first switching transistor Q1 in it is a PMOS transistor.

[0102] The second switching unit 23 includes: a second switching transistor Q2 and a delay circuit 230;

[0103] The first end of the second switching transistor Q2 is connected to the first power supply, the second end is connected to the power supply end of the communication unit 24, and the control end is connected to the output end of the first driving unit 22;

[0104] The delay circuit 230 is arranged between the first end and the control end of the second switching transistor Q2 and is used to store electric energy when the second switching transistor Q2 receives a driving signal and is turned on;

[0105] The delay circuit 230 is further used to maintain the potential difference between the first end and the control end of the second switching transistor Q2 greater than a set voltage difference within a preset time period after the driving signal disappears, so that the second switching transistor Q2 remains turned on within the preset time period.

[0106] It should be noted that the first light-emitting component 11 transmits data information through the on-off change of light; when the first photosensitive component 20 receives light, it outputs a conduction signal to the first switching unit 21 and the second switching unit 23 to control the conduction and cutoff of the first switching unit 21, thereby changing the voltage amplitude output to the communication unit 24, and further transmitting data information. In addition, it is noted that the second switching unit 23 conducts when receiving a driving signal and maintains the conduction state of the second switching transistor Q2 within a preset duration. Combining with the details of the first light-emitting component 11 transmitting data through the on-off change of light, in order to prevent the second switching transistor Q2 from turning off when the first light-emitting component 11 is off during data transmission, causing the communication unit 24 to lose power and resulting in data transmission failure. Therefore, a delay circuit 230 needs to be set. The delay circuit 230 is set between the first end and the control end of the second switching transistor Q2 and is used to maintain the potential difference between the first end and the control end of the second switching transistor Q2 greater than a set voltage difference within a preset duration after the driving signal disappears, so that the second switching transistor Q2 remains conductive within the preset duration; thus, preventing the communication unit 24 from losing power when the first light-emitting component 11 is off.

[0107] In a specific implementation, the delay circuit 230 is an RC circuit. The RC circuit includes a first capacitor C1 and a first resistor R1. The first capacitor C1 and the first resistor R1 are connected in parallel between the first end and the control end of the second switching transistor Q2. The RC circuit stores electrical energy when the second switching transistor Q2 receives a driving signal and conducts, and a potential difference is formed across it. After the driving signal disappears, due to the slow discharge of the RC circuit, the potential difference between the control end and the first end of the second switching transistor Q2 slowly decreases, and within the preset duration, the potential difference is greater than the set voltage difference, so that the second switching transistor Q2 remains conductive within the preset duration.

[0108] It is easy to understand that the set voltage difference can be determined by the R & D personnel according to the specific model and performance of the selected second switching transistor Q2. The second switching transistor Q2 can be a MOS transistor or an IGBT transistor. In particular, the second switching transistor Q2 is a PMOS transistor.

[0109] The first driving unit 22 includes: a second resistor R2 and a third switching transistor Q3;

[0110] Two ends of the second resistor R2 are respectively connected to the first switching unit 21 and the control end of the third switching transistor Q3; the first end of the third switching transistor Q3 is connected to the control end of the second switching unit 23, and the second end is grounded;

[0111] The third switching transistor Q3 is used to conduct when the first switching unit 21 outputs a high level, pulling down the potential of the control end of the second switching unit 23, so that the second switching unit 23 conducts the path between the first power supply and the power terminal.

[0112] The third switching transistor Q3 can be a triode, a MOS transistor, an IGBT transistor, etc. In particular, the third switching transistor Q3 is a triode.

[0113] In addition, in order to facilitate the inspection and maintenance process to determine whether the non-contact serial communication system is working properly.

[0114] The communication module 2 further includes:

[0115] An indication unit 25, a first end of the indication unit 25 is connected to a first end of the first switching transistor Q1, and a second end is grounded; the indication unit 25 is configured to emit light using electrical energy of a first power supply when the first switching transistor Q1 is turned on, so as to indicate that the communication module 2 is in a data receiving state.

[0116] The indication unit 25 may include a light-emitting diode (LED), a laser diode (LD), and an organic light-emitting diode (OLED). It should be noted that the present solution does not limit the light-emitting frequency, light-emitting wavelength, and light-emitting brightness of the indication unit 25 when emitting light.

[0117] In a specific implementation, the first photosensitive component 20 includes a first photosensitive element and a third resistor R3 connected in series;

[0118] A first end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the first power supply, a second end of the first photosensitive element is grounded; a first end of the first photosensitive element is connected to a control end of the first switching unit 21.

[0119] Since the second end of the first photosensitive component 20 is grounded, and the first end of the first photosensitive element is connected to the control end; when the first photosensitive element receives light and changes the passing current, the voltage amplitude output to the control end changes. In particular, when the first photosensitive component 20 receives an optical signal with an optical intensity exceeding a first preset intensity, the first photosensitive component 20 outputs a low-level conduction signal to the first switching unit 21. The first photosensitive element may be a photosensitive diode or a photosensitive triode.

[0120] The above embodiments disclose the use of the first light-emitting component 11 and the first photosensitive component 20 to realize simplex communication between the control module 1 and the communication module 2. It is easy to understand that for communication requirements in different scenarios, half-duplex communication or duplex communication can also be performed between the control module 1 and the communication module 2.

[0121] Referring to Figure 10 , a third embodiment of the present invention is proposed. The communication module 2 further includes: a second light-emitting component 26 and a second driving unit 27;

[0122] The second light-emitting component 26 and the second driving unit 27 are connected in series between the power supply terminal of the communication unit 24 and the ground potential; the control terminal of the second driving unit 27 is connected to the data output terminal of the communication unit 24;

[0123] The second driving unit 27 is used to conduct when the communication unit 24 outputs a first electrical signal, so that the second light-emitting component 26 emits light;

[0124] The second driving unit 27 is also used to turn off when the communication unit 24 outputs a second electrical signal, so that the second light-emitting component 26 goes out.

[0125] It should be noted that there are two positional relationships between the second light-emitting component 26 and the second driving unit 27, which are: the second light-emitting component 26 is arranged close to the power supply terminal of the communication unit 24, or the second driving unit 27 is arranged close to the communication unit 24. Since the power supply terminal of the communication unit 24 is connected to the first power supply through the second switching unit 23, the second light-emitting unit can use the first power supply for power supply only after the second switching unit 23 is turned on.

[0126] Under the condition that the second switching unit 23 is turned on, the second driving unit 27 conducts the path between the second light-emitting component 26 and the first power supply according to the electrical signal output by the communication unit 24, so that the second light-emitting component 26 uses the electric energy provided by the first power supply to emit light. It is easy to understand that under the condition that the second switching unit 23 is turned on, the communication unit 24 resumes power supply, and by changing the electrical signal output to the second driving unit 27, the second light-emitting component 26 can be controlled to emit light or go out, thereby transmitting data information. The second light-emitting component 26 may include an LED, an OLED, or a light-emitting tube that emits light of a specific wavelength.

[0127] The control module 1 further includes a second photosensitive component 12, and the second photosensitive component 12 is connected to the data input terminal of the control unit 10;

[0128] The second photosensitive component 12 is used to receive the light emitted by the second light-emitting component 26 and convert the brightness change of the second light-emitting component 26 into a corresponding electrical signal and output it to the control unit 10. The second photosensitive component 12 may include photosensitive devices such as a photosensitive diode or a photosensitive triode.

[0129] Refer to Figure 10 In a specific embodiment, the second light-emitting component 26 includes a fourth resistor R4 and a second infrared emitting tube IET2; the second driving unit 27 includes a fourth switching tube Q4;

[0130] The fourth resistor R4 is disposed between the power supply terminal of the communication unit 24 and the anode of the second infrared emitting tube IET2; the first end and the second end of the fourth switching tube Q4 are respectively connected to the cathode of the second infrared emitting tube IET2 and the ground potential; the control terminal of the fourth switching tube Q4 is connected to the data output terminal of the communication unit 24.

[0131] The second photosensitive component 12 includes: a fifth resistor R5, a fifth switching tube Q5, a second infrared receiving tube IRT2, and a sixth resistor R6;

[0132] The fifth resistor R5 and the second infrared receiving tube IRT2 are connected in series between the second power supply and the ground potential; the fifth switching tube Q5 and the sixth resistor R6 are connected in series between the second power supply and the ground potential;

[0133] The control terminal of the fifth switching tube Q5 is connected to the connection end of the fifth resistor R5 and the second infrared receiving tube IRT2; the data input terminal of the control unit 10 is connected to the connection end of the fifth switching tube Q5 and the sixth resistor R6.

[0134] When the fourth switching tube Q4 is turned on, the second infrared emitting tube IET2 emits light. After the second infrared receiving tube IRT2 receives the light, the current flowing through the second infrared receiving tube IRT2 is increased to change the voltage amplitude output to the control terminal of the fifth switching tube Q5, thereby changing the potential at the data input terminal of the control unit 10.

[0135] It should be noted that the fifth resistor R5 and the second infrared receiving tube IRT2 are connected in series between the second power supply and the ground potential, and there are two connection methods in total, namely: the fifth resistor R5 is disposed close to the second power supply, and the second infrared receiving tube IRT2 is disposed close to the second power supply. The specific setting method of the fifth resistor R5 and the second infrared receiving tube IRT2 in the second photosensitive component 12 is not limited in this solution.

[0136] Correspondingly, the fifth switching tube Q5 and the sixth resistor R6 are connected in series between the second power supply and the ground potential, and there are two connection methods in total, namely: the fifth switching tube Q5 is disposed close to the second power supply, and the sixth resistor R6 is disposed close to the second power supply. The specific setting method between the sixth resistor R6 and the fifth switching tube Q5 is not limited in this solution.

[0137] It should be noted that there are four connection methods inside the second photosensitive component 12. When receiving the light emitted by the second light-emitting component 26, the voltage amplitudes output to the data input terminal of the control unit 10 may vary for different connection methods. Refer to the example of how the connection method of the first photosensitive component 20 and the first switch unit 21 affects the output signal above.

[0138] It should be noted that the second infrared receiving tube IRT2 and the second infrared transmitting tube IET2 can be encapsulated to prevent interference from external light or the light emitted by the first light-emitting component 11. The second power supply can be independent of the first power supply or can be converted from the first power supply. The fourth switch tube Q4 and the fifth switch tube Q5 can include MOS tubes, triodes, or IGBT tubes. In particular, considering that the fourth switch tube Q4 is controlled to conduct / turn off by the electrical signal output by the communication unit 24; the communication unit 24 includes a chip, and the chip is used to control the fourth switch tube Q4 to conduct / turn off; combined with the limited voltage output ability of the I / O port of the chip, the fourth switch tube Q4 is a triode.

[0139] In this embodiment, there are a first light-emitting component 11, a first photosensitive component 20, a second light-emitting component 26, and a second photosensitive component 12, which meet the conditions for half-duplex communication and full-duplex communication; half-duplex communication or full-duplex communication can be achieved.

[0140] Refer to Figure 11 , in a specific implementation, the second driving unit 27 further includes a tenth resistor R10, and both ends of the tenth resistor R10 are respectively connected to the control end of the fourth switch tube Q4 and the data output end of the communication unit 24. In particular, the fourth switch tube Q4 is a triode, and the gate of this triode is connected to the tenth resistor R10.

[0141] The voltage dividing circuit 210 includes an eighth resistor R8 and a ninth resistor R9 connected in series between the first switch tube Q1 and the ground potential; the first end of the eighth resistor R8 and the first end of the ninth resistor R9 are connected to the data input terminal of the communication unit 24. The first light-emitting component 11 includes a seventh resistor R7 and a first infrared transmitting tube IET1, and both ends of the seventh resistor R7 are respectively connected to the control unit 10 and the anode of the first infrared transmitting tube IET1.

[0142] The indicating unit 25 includes an eleventh resistor R11 and a light-emitting element, and the eleventh resistor R11 and the light-emitting element are connected in series between the first switch tube Q1 and the ground potential; in particular, the light-emitting element is an LED lamp.

[0143] The first switch tube Q1, the second switch tube Q2, and the fifth switch tube Q5 are PMOS tubes, and the third switch tube Q3 and the fourth switch tube Q4 are triodes.

[0144] It should be noted here that the MOS transistor and the triode in the drawings are one form of the switching transistors, and do not represent that only the specific switching devices shown in the figures can be used. In addition, the first infrared emitting tube IET1, the second infrared emitting tube IET2, the first infrared receiving tube IRT1, and the second infrared receiving tube IRT2 in the figures are also only an optional embodiment of the present invention, and do not represent a limitation on the selection of the light emitting element and the photosensitive element.

[0145] In addition, it can be known from the above content in the specification that the arrangement of the elements in the second photosensitive component 12, the first photosensitive component 20, and the first switching unit 21 shown in the drawings is only an optional embodiment, and does not represent a limitation on other arrangements.

[0146] The present invention also provides an Internet of Things device, which includes the non-contact serial communication system. The specific structure of the non-contact serial communication system refers to the above embodiments. Since this Internet of Things device adopts all the technical solutions of the above embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, and will not be elaborated here one by one.

[0147] In a specific implementation, the Internet of Things device can be a smart water meter.

[0148] The above are only the optional embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformation made by using the content of the specification and drawings of the present invention under the inventive concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect application in other related technical fields, is included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A contactless serial communication system, characterized in that: The contactless serial communication system is applied to an Internet of Things device; the contactless serial communication system comprises: a control module and a communication module; the control module and the communication module are components of the Internet of Things device; The control module includes a control unit and a first light-emitting component connected to each other; the first light-emitting component is used to emit light or turn off light according to a signal output by the control unit; The communication module includes: a first photosensitive component, a first switch unit, a first driving unit, a second switch unit and a communication unit; The first photosensitive component and the first switch unit are arranged in parallel between the first power supply and the ground potential; the second switch unit is arranged between the first power supply and the power supply terminal of the communication module; The first photosensitive component is connected to the control end of the first switch unit, and is used to output a conduction signal to the first switch unit when receiving a light signal output by the first light-emitting component that exceeds a first preset intensity; the first switch unit is connected to the data input end of the communication unit, and is used to output a corresponding electrical signal to the communication unit according to whether the conduction signal is received, so as to realize the function of transmitting data to the communication unit; specifically, the first switch unit is turned on when receiving the conduction signal, and outputs a high level to the data input end; The input end of the first driving unit is connected to the first switch unit, and the output end is connected to the control end of the second switch unit, and is used to output a driving signal to the control end of the second switch unit when the first switch unit outputs a high level; the second switch unit is used to conduct the path between the first power supply and the power supply end when receiving the driving signal, and continue to conduct for a preset time after the driving signal disappears, so that the first power supply continues to power the communication unit during the data transmission stage; The second switch unit is also used to automatically disconnect the power supply of the communication unit after the optical communication ends, thereby reducing the power consumption of the communication module.

2. The contactless serial communication system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first switch unit includes: a first switch tube and a voltage divider circuit; The first end of the first switch tube is connected to the first power supply, the control end is connected to the first photosensitive component, and the second end is connected to the first end of the voltage divider circuit; The first end of the voltage divider circuit is connected to the input end of the first driving unit, the second end is grounded, and the output end is connected to the data input end of the communication unit; the voltage divider circuit is used to output a high level to the data input end when the first switch tube is turned on, otherwise it outputs a low level.

3. The contactless serial communication system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second switch unit includes: a second switch tube and a delay circuit; The first end of the second switch tube is connected to the first power supply, the second end is connected to the power supply end of the communication unit, and the control end is connected to the output end of the first driving unit; The delay circuit is arranged between the first end and the control end of the second switch tube, and is used to store electric energy when the second switch tube receives a driving signal and turns on; The delay circuit is also used to maintain the potential difference between the first end and the control end of the second switch tube greater than the set voltage difference value within a preset time period after the drive signal disappears, so that the second switch tube remains turned on within the preset time period.

4. The contactless serial communication system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The delay circuit includes a first capacitor and a first resistor; The first capacitor and the first resistor are arranged in parallel between the first end and the control end of the second switch tube.

5. The contactless serial communication system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first driving unit includes: a second resistor and a third switch tube; The two ends of the second resistor are respectively connected to the control ends of the first switch unit and the third switch tube; the first end of the third switch tube is connected to the control end of the second switch unit, and the second end is grounded; The third switch tube is used to be turned on when the first switch unit outputs a high level, and pull down the potential of the control end of the second switch unit, so that the second switch unit turns on the path between the first power supply and the power supply end.

6. The contactless serial communication system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The communication module also includes: An indicating unit, wherein the first end of the indicating unit is connected to the first end of the first switch tube, and the second end is grounded; the indicating unit is used to emit light using the electric energy of the first power supply when the first switch tube is turned on, so as to indicate that the communication module is in a data receiving state.

7. The contactless serial communication system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The first photosensitive component includes a first photosensitive element and a third resistor arranged in series; The first end of the third resistor is connected to the first power supply, the second end of the first photosensitive element is grounded; the first end of the first photosensitive element is connected to the control end of the first switch unit.

8. The contactless serial communication system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The communication module further includes: a second light emitting component and a second driving unit; The second light-emitting component and the second driving unit are arranged in series between the power supply terminal of the communication unit and the ground potential; the control terminal of the second driving unit is connected to the data output terminal of the communication unit; The second driving unit is used to be turned on when the communication unit outputs the first electrical signal, so as to make the second light-emitting component emit light; The second driving unit is further used to shut down when the communication unit outputs the second electrical signal, so as to turn off the second light-emitting component; The control module further comprises a second photosensitive component, and the second photosensitive component is connected to the data input terminal of the control unit; The second photosensitive component is used to receive the light emitted by the second light-emitting component, and convert the on and off changes of the second light-emitting component into corresponding electrical signals and output them to the control unit.

9. The contactless serial communication system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The second light emitting component includes a fourth resistor and a second infrared emitting tube; the second driving unit includes a fourth switch tube; The fourth resistor is arranged between the power supply terminal of the communication unit and the anode of the second infrared emitting tube; the first end and the second end of the fourth switch tube are respectively connected to the cathode of the second infrared emitting tube and the ground potential; the control end of the fourth switch tube is connected to the data output end of the communication unit; The second photosensitive component includes: a fifth resistor, a fifth switch tube, a second infrared receiving tube and a sixth resistor; The fifth resistor and the second infrared receiving tube are arranged in series between the second power supply and the ground potential; the fifth switch tube and the sixth resistor are arranged in series between the second power supply and the ground potential; The control end of the fifth switch tube is connected to the interconnected end of the fifth resistor and the second infrared receiving tube; the data input end of the control unit is connected to the interconnected end of the fifth switch tube and the sixth resistor.

10. An Internet of Things device, characterized in that: The Internet of Things device includes the contactless serial communication system as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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