Relay electromagnetic system magnetic circuit calculation method considering magnetic flux leakage, equipment and medium
By combining the segmented magnetic field method and the improved fruit fly optimization algorithm with Newton's method and magnetic circuit modeling, the accuracy problem of leakage magnetic effect in the magnetic circuit calculation of electromagnetic relays was solved, realizing more accurate magnetic circuit calculation and electromagnetic characteristic analysis, and improving the accuracy of relay design and performance evaluation.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411189952.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-28
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-10
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies struggle to accurately account for leakage flux effects when calculating the magnetic circuit of electromagnetic relays, resulting in insufficient calculation accuracy and impacting design and performance evaluation.
The air gap is divided into regular flux tubes using the segmented magnetic field method. An improved fruit fly optimization algorithm is used to find an approximate solution. The magnetic circuit equation is calculated using Newton's method. Considering the leakage magnetic field effect, the permeability of the ferromagnetic material is fitted by a function to accurately calculate the permeability of the magnetic conductor. Combined with the magnetic circuit modeling method, more accurate magnetic circuit calculation and electromagnetic characteristic analysis are obtained.
It provides more accurate magnetic circuit calculations and electromagnetic characteristic analysis, improving the accuracy of relay design and performance evaluation.
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Figure CN119294222A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electromagnetic performance of electromagnetic relays, and in particular to a method, device and medium for calculating the magnetic circuit of an electromagnetic system of a relay taking magnetic leakage into consideration. Background Art
[0002] Electromagnetic relays control circuits by connecting and disconnecting contacts. They have the advantages of high conversion depth and good physical isolation performance, and are widely used in control systems, automation systems, and power protection systems. The commonly used analysis methods for electromagnetic mechanisms are the equivalent magnetic circuit method (EMC) and the finite element method (FEM). Among them, FEM has high calculation accuracy but low efficiency, and is suitable for situations with small calculation amounts. EMC has fast calculation speed but low calculation accuracy. The equivalent magnetic circuit method can clearly consider the magnetic field distribution of the electromagnetic relay, so it is widely used in relay optimization design.
[0003] The direct calculation method uses Newton's method to iteratively solve the magnetic circuit equations in a local range to obtain the true solution. However, this method has certain limitations and requires an initial value close to the true solution, which is usually difficult to obtain. Summary of the invention
[0004] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the related art. To this end, the present invention provides a method for calculating the magnetic circuit of a relay electromagnetic system taking into account magnetic leakage, by dividing the air gap in the magnetic circuit into regular magnetic flux tubes, calculating the magnetic permeability of each magnetic flux tube, and calculating the total magnetic permeability of the entire air gap according to the series-parallel relationship, using magnetic flux to represent the magnetic permeability of ferromagnetic materials, and calculating the magnetic resistance of the magnetic conductor in segments; based on the improved fruit fly optimization algorithm, the optimal approximate solution is found as the initial value for solving the magnetic circuit equation, and the Newton method is used to calculate the magnetic circuit equation and then calculate the electromagnetic traction characteristics of the relay. The present invention more accurately considers the magnetic leakage effect of the relay electromagnetic system, provides more accurate magnetic circuit calculation and electromagnetic characteristic analysis, and is helpful for relay design and performance evaluation.
[0005] The present invention provides a method for calculating the magnetic circuit of a relay electromagnetic system taking into account magnetic leakage, comprising: S1: Analyze the structural characteristics of the relay, determine the direction of all magnetic flux lines by combining finite element simulation, and draw the relay magnetic network diagram; obtain the magnetic circuit equation through the relay magnetic network diagram; S2: Use the segmented magnetic field method to divide the air gap in the magnetic circuit into multiple flux tubes, calculate the permeance of each flux tube, and calculate the total permeance of the air gap based on the permeance of each flux tube; Calculate the air gap leakage permeance using magnetic circuit modeling method; S3: Use the function to fit the BH curve of the ferromagnetic material to obtain the magnetic permeability of the ferromagnetic material; calculate the magnetic permeability of the magnetic conductor through the magnetic permeability of the ferromagnetic material; S4: Find the optimal approximate solution as the initial value of the magnetic circuit equation based on the improved fruit fly optimization algorithm; S5: According to the total permeability of the air gap, the leakage permeability of the air gap, the permeability of the magnetic conductor and the initial value of the magnetic circuit equation, the magnetic circuit equation is solved by using Newton's method to obtain the electromagnetic traction force of the relay; S6: Calculate the electromagnetic traction characteristics of the relay based on the electromagnetic traction force of the relay.
[0006] A method for calculating the magnetic circuit of a relay electromagnetic system taking into account magnetic leakage provided by the present invention also includes, in the step S2, dividing the air gap in the magnetic circuit into a first working air gap between the armature and the pole shoe and a second working air gap at the yoke edge.
[0007] According to a method for calculating the magnetic circuit of a relay electromagnetic system taking into account magnetic leakage provided by the present invention, a calculation process of a first working air gap between an armature and a pole shoe includes: S21: dividing the air gap magnetic field into four regions, the first region is an equivalent cylinder, the second region and the fourth region are both equivalent to 1 / 4 cylinders, and the third region is an equivalent to 1 / 4 hollow cylinder; S22: The calculation expression of equivalent cylindrical magnetic permeability is: in, is the equivalent cylindrical magnetic permeability, is the vacuum permeability, is the equivalent cylinder radius, is the air gap length of the second region; S23: Equivalent 1 / 4 cylinder magnetic permeability: in, is the equivalent 1 / 4 cylinder magnetic permeability, is the pole piece radius, is the air gap length of the first region, is the air gap length of the third region; S24: 1 / 4 hollow cylinder magnetic guide: in, is the equivalent permeability of 1 / 4 hollow cylinder, is the thickness of the hollow cylinder; S25: The first working air gap permeability is: in, is the first working air gap permeability.
[0008] According to a method for calculating the magnetic circuit of a relay electromagnetic system taking into account magnetic leakage provided by the present invention, the method further includes calculating the second working air gap permeability at the yoke iron blade edge by using a microelement method, and the calculation expression of the second working air gap permeability at the yoke iron blade edge is: in, is the second working air gap permeability at the yoke iron blade, is the distance from the contact part of the yoke corner with the armature to the center of the second working air gap rotation circle, is the distance from the contact part of the yoke iron corner with the armature to the center of the second working air gap rotation circle, It is the length of the part of the yoke iron corner that contacts the armature. is the length of the air gap, is the armature angle corresponding to the air gap length, is the length variable, is the magnetic permeability of vacuum.
[0009] According to a method for calculating a magnetic circuit of a relay electromagnetic system taking into account magnetic leakage provided by the present invention, the method further includes calculating an air gap leakage permeance by using a magnetic circuit modeling method. The calculation of the air gap leakage permeance includes: The calculation formula for the leakage flux from the pole shoe to the yoke iron bottom plate is: in, is the magnetic flux leakage from the pole shoe to the yoke iron base plate, is the vacuum permeability, is the yoke cutting edge radius, is the core radius, is the core length, is the correction value, The calculation formula for the leakage permeability from the pole shoe to the yoke side is: in, is the leakage flux from the pole shoe to the yoke side, is the bottom length of the yoke, is the length of the horizontal part of the yoke, is the thickness of the yoke, The calculation formula of the leakage permeability from the core to the yoke side is: in, is the leakage flux from the core to the yoke side, is the equivalent cylinder radius.
[0010] According to a method for calculating the magnetic circuit of a relay electromagnetic system taking into account magnetic leakage provided by the present invention, the method further includes representing the magnetic permeability of the ferromagnetic material by function fitting a BH curve, and the fitting formula is: in, is the magnetic field strength, is the first parameter to be sought, is the second parameter to be requested. is the third parameter to be requested, is the magnetic induction intensity; The relative magnetic permeability of ferromagnetic materials is: in, is the relative magnetic permeability of the ferromagnetic material, For the Partial magnetic flux, For the The effective flow area of the part of the magnetic circuit, For the The cross-sectional area of the ferromagnetic material, is the vacuum permeability; The magnetic reluctance of the magnetic conductor is: in, is the magnetic reluctance of the magnetic conductor, For the Partial magnetic path length, is the number of segments, The calculation formula of magnetic permeability of magnetic conductor is: in, is the magnetic permeability of the magnet, is the relative magnetic permeability of the magnetic body, is the magnetic flux of the magnet, is the cross-sectional area of the magnetic conductor, is the length of the magnetic conductor; The armature, the bottom of the yoke, the side of the armature, the pole shoe and the core are all magnetic conductors. The armature magnetic permeability, the yoke bottom magnetic permeability, the armature side magnetic permeability, the pole shoe magnetic permeability and the core magnetic permeability are obtained according to the magnetic conductor magnetic permeability calculation formula.
[0011] According to a method for calculating the magnetic circuit of a relay electromagnetic system taking into account magnetic leakage provided by the present invention, the method further includes solving the magnetic circuit equation based on an improved fruit fly optimization algorithm; the calculation expression of the magnetic circuit equation is: Where, F is the electromagnetic traction force of the relay; is the magnetic flux of the first magnetic circuit, is the magnetic flux of the second magnetic circuit, is the pole shoe permeance; is the core magnetic permeability; is the first working air gap permeability; It is the magnetic flux leakage from the pole shoe to the yoke iron bottom plate; is the magnetic permeability at the bottom of the yoke; It is the magnetic permeability of the armature side; is the second working air gap magnetic permeability at the yoke iron blade; is the armature magnetic guide; It is the leakage flux from the pole shoe to the yoke side; is the leakage flux from the core to the yoke side, is a small leakage permeance, is the first auxiliary operator, is the second auxiliary operator, is the third auxiliary operator; Convert the magnetic circuit equation into the difference between the coil magnetic potential and the magnetic circuit magnetic potential, and obtain and The optimization goal is: in, It is the minimum value of the difference between the magnetic potential of the coil and the magnetic potential of the magnetic circuit.
[0012] According to a method for calculating the magnetic circuit of a relay electromagnetic system taking into account magnetic leakage provided by the present invention, the step S6 includes: The calculation expression of the first working air gap magnetic potential is: in, is the first working air gap magnetic potential, is the first working air gap permeability, is the magnetic flux of the first magnetic circuit, is the magnetic flux of the second magnetic circuit; The calculation expression of electromagnetic torque is: in, is the electromagnetic torque, is the armature angle corresponding to the air gap length; According to the magnetic circuit equation, the calculation expression of the electromagnetic traction force of the relay is: in, is the electromagnetic traction force of the relay, is the distance between the position where the electromagnetic traction force acts and the center of the shaft.
[0013] The present invention also provides an electronic device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the program, the steps of any of the above-mentioned methods for calculating the magnetic circuit of a relay electromagnetic system taking into account magnetic leakage are implemented.
[0014] The present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of any of the above-mentioned methods for calculating the magnetic circuit of a relay electromagnetic system taking into account magnetic leakage.
[0015] The above one or more technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention have at least one of the following technical effects: The present invention more accurately considers the leakage magnetic effect of the relay electromagnetic system, provides more accurate magnetic circuit calculation and electromagnetic characteristic analysis, and is helpful for relay design and performance evaluation.
[0016] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.
[0018] Figure 1 The present invention provides a flow chart of a method for calculating a magnetic circuit of an electromagnetic system of a relay taking magnetic leakage into consideration.
[0019] Figure 2 The present invention provides a relay electromagnetic system schematic diagram of a relay electromagnetic system magnetic circuit calculation method taking into account magnetic leakage.
[0020] Figure 3 The invention provides an equivalent magnetic network diagram of a relay electromagnetic system for calculating a magnetic circuit of a relay electromagnetic system taking magnetic leakage into consideration.
[0021] Figure 4 It is a first working air gap equivalent schematic diagram of a magnetic circuit calculation method for a relay electromagnetic system taking magnetic leakage into consideration provided by the present invention.
[0022] Figure 5 It is a second working air gap equivalent schematic diagram of a method for calculating the magnetic circuit of a relay electromagnetic system taking magnetic leakage into consideration provided by the present invention.
[0023] Figure 6It is a comparison diagram of fitting curves of a magnetic circuit calculation method of a relay electromagnetic system taking magnetic leakage into consideration provided by the present invention.
[0024] Figure 7 The electromagnetic traction characteristic curve under working ampere-turns of a magnetic circuit calculation method of a relay electromagnetic system taking magnetic leakage into consideration provided by the present invention.
[0025] Figure 8 The invention provides an electromagnetic traction characteristic curve under released ampere-turns of a magnetic circuit calculation method for an electromagnetic system of a relay taking magnetic leakage into consideration.
[0026] Fig. 9 The invention provides a block diagram of an electronic device for calculating the magnetic circuit of a relay electromagnetic system taking into account magnetic leakage.
[0027] Reference numerals: 201, processor; 202, communication bus; 203, communication interface; 204, memory. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0028] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical scheme in the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention, but cannot be used to limit the scope of the present invention.
[0029] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of this specification, the description of reference terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiments of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples without contradiction.
[0030] Combine the following Figures 1 to 9 The invention describes a method, device and medium for calculating the magnetic circuit of a relay electromagnetic system taking magnetic leakage into consideration.
[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, a method for calculating the magnetic circuit of a relay electromagnetic system taking into account magnetic leakage comprises: S1: Analyze the structural characteristics of the relay, determine the direction of all magnetic flux lines by combining finite element simulation, and draw the relay magnetic network diagram; obtain the magnetic circuit equation through the relay magnetic network diagram; The direction of magnetic flux lines includes the magnetic field distribution of magnetic materials, different magnetic leakage conditions when magnetic materials are magnetically saturated, and the magnetic field distribution in the air gap; like Figure 2 As shown, the relay electromagnetic system consists of an iron core, a pole shoe, an armature and a yoke. The air gap includes a first working air gap and a second working air gap. The magnetic potential is provided by the coil. The coil-iron core-pole shoe-first working air gap-armature-second working air gap-yoke-iron core constitutes the main magnetic flux circuit. Figure 3 The equivalent magnetic network diagram shown is used to write the magnetic circuit equation: Where, F is the electromagnetic traction force of the relay; is the magnetic flux of the first magnetic circuit, is the magnetic flux of the second magnetic circuit, is the pole shoe permeance; is the core magnetic permeability; is the first working air gap permeability; It is the magnetic flux leakage from the pole shoe to the yoke iron bottom plate; is the magnetic permeability at the bottom of the yoke; It is the magnetic permeability of the armature side; is the second working air gap magnetic permeability at the yoke iron blade; is the armature magnetic guide; It is the leakage flux from the pole shoe to the yoke side; is the leakage flux from the core to the yoke side, is a small leakage permeance, is the first auxiliary operator, is the second auxiliary operator, is the third auxiliary operator; the electromagnetic relay structural parameters are shown in Table 1. Table 1 Structural parameters of electromagnetic relay S2: Use the segmented magnetic field method to divide the air gap in the magnetic circuit into multiple flux tubes, calculate the permeance of each flux tube, and calculate the total permeance of the air gap based on the permeance of each flux tube; Calculate the air gap leakage permeance using magnetic circuit modeling method; The magnetic field segmentation method is used to segment the irregular working air gap and non-working air gap in the magnetic circuit into several magnetic flux tubes with regular geometric shapes for approximate replacement. After calculating the magnetic permeability of the magnetic flux tubes respectively, the total magnetic permeability of the entire air gap is calculated based on the series-parallel relationship. The air gap in the magnetic circuit is divided into a first working air gap between the armature and the pole shoe and a second working air gap at the yoke blade; S21: dividing the air gap magnetic field into four regions, the first region is an equivalent cylinder, the second region and the fourth region are both equivalent to 1 / 4 cylinders, and the third region is an equivalent to 1 / 4 hollow cylinder; S22: The calculation expression of equivalent cylindrical magnetic permeability is: in, is the equivalent cylindrical magnetic permeability, is the vacuum permeability, is the equivalent cylinder radius, is the air gap length of the second region; S23: Equivalent 1 / 4 cylinder magnetic permeability: in, is the equivalent 1 / 4 cylinder magnetic permeability, is the pole piece radius, is the air gap length of the first region, is the air gap length of the third region; S24: 1 / 4 hollow cylinder magnetic guide: in, is the equivalent permeability of 1 / 4 hollow cylinder, is the thickness of the hollow cylinder; S25: The first working air gap permeability is: in, is the first working air gap permeability.
[0032] like Figure 4 As shown, the first working air gap pole faces are not parallel, and the working air gap lengths are different at different locations. Approximate calculations divide the air gap magnetic field into four regions, and assume that the air gap lengths in each region are equal, where the air gap length in the first region is , air gap length of the second and fourth regions , air gap length in the third region , I represents the first area; II represents the second area; III represents the third area, and IV represents the fourth area, which is located behind the second area. is the distance between the armature and the core center, is the armature angle corresponding to the air gap length; The second working air gap permeability at the yoke iron edge is calculated by the differential element method. The calculation expression of the second working air gap permeability at the yoke iron edge is: in, is the second working air gap permeability at the yoke iron blade, is the distance from the contact part of the yoke iron corner with the armature to the center of the second working air gap rotation circle, is the distance from the contact part of the yoke iron corner with the armature to the center of the second working air gap rotation circle, It is the length of the part of the yoke iron corner that contacts the armature. is the length of the air gap, is the armature angle corresponding to the air gap length, Is the length variable.
[0033] The second working air gap permeability is Figure 5 (A) and Figure 5 As shown in (B), Figure 5 (A) is the side view of the second working air gap permeability, Figure 5 (B) is the front view of the second working air gap permeability. The air gap permeability of the rotating armature is solved by the infinitesimal method. O is the center of rotation, MN is the contact part between the yoke and the armature at the corner, The armature rotates around point O Position behind the corner.
[0034] The first working air gap permeability and the second working air gap permeability at the yoke iron edge are calculated by the above formula as shown in Table 2: Table 2 The first working air gap permeability and the second working air gap permeability at the yoke iron edge The air gap leakage permeance is calculated using the magnetic circuit modeling method. The calculation of the air gap leakage permeance includes: The calculation formula for the leakage flux from the pole shoe to the yoke iron bottom plate is: in, is the magnetic flux leakage from the pole shoe to the yoke iron base plate, is the vacuum permeability, is the yoke cutting edge radius, is the core radius, is the core length, is the correction value, The calculation formula for the leakage permeability from the pole shoe to the yoke side is: in, is the leakage flux from the pole shoe to the yoke side, is the bottom length of the yoke, is the length of the horizontal part of the yoke, is the thickness of the yoke, The calculation formula of the leakage permeability from the core to the yoke side is: in, is the leakage flux from the core to the yoke side, is the equivalent cylinder radius.
[0035] is the small leakage permeability. Since its value is very small, it is omitted in the calculation process.
[0036] S3: Use the function to fit the BH curve of the ferromagnetic material to obtain the magnetic permeability of the ferromagnetic material; calculate the magnetic permeability of the magnetic conductor through the magnetic permeability of the ferromagnetic material; The magnetic permeability of ferromagnetic materials is represented by the function fitting BH curve, and the fitting formula is: in, is the magnetic field strength, is the first parameter to be sought, is the second parameter to be requested. is the third parameter to be requested, is the magnetic induction intensity; The relative magnetic permeability of ferromagnetic materials is: in, is the relative magnetic permeability of the ferromagnetic material, For the Partial magnetic flux, For the The effective flow area of the part of the magnetic circuit, For the The cross-sectional area of the ferromagnetic material, is the vacuum permeability; The magnetic reluctance of the magnetic conductor is: in, is the magnetic reluctance of the magnetic conductor, For the Partial magnetic path length, is the number of segments, The calculation formula of magnetic permeability of magnetic conductor is: in, is the magnetic permeability of the magnet, is the relative magnetic permeability of the magnetic body, is the magnetic flux of the magnet, is the cross-sectional area of the magnetic conductor, is the length of the magnetic conductor; The armature, the bottom of the yoke, the side of the armature, the pole shoe and the core are all magnetic conductors. The armature magnetic permeability, the yoke bottom magnetic permeability, the armature side magnetic permeability, the pole shoe magnetic permeability and the core magnetic permeability are obtained according to the magnetic conductor magnetic permeability calculation formula.
[0037] The armature magnetic permeability is: in, is the armature magnetic permeance, is the relative magnetic permeability of the armature, is the armature magnetic flux, is the cross-sectional area of the armature, is the armature length; The magnetic permeability at the bottom of the yoke is: in, is the magnetic permeability at the bottom of the yoke, is the relative magnetic permeability of the yoke bottom, is the magnetic flux at the bottom of the yoke, is the cross-sectional area of the yoke bottom, is the length of the bottom of the yoke; The magnetic permeability of the armature side is: in, is the magnetic permeability of the armature side, is the relative magnetic permeability of the armature side, is the magnetic flux on the armature side, is the length of the horizontal part of the yoke; The magnetic permeability of the pole shoe is: in, is the pole shoe permeance, is the relative magnetic permeability of the pole piece, is the pole shoe flux, is the cross-sectional area of the pole piece, is the pole shoe length; The core magnetic permeability is: in, is the core permeability, is the relative magnetic permeability of the core, is the core magnetic flux, is the core cross-sectional area, is the core length.
[0038] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the magnetic permeability of the magnetizer changes with the change of magnetic flux. In the process of calculating the magnetic permeability, the magnetic induction intensity must be assigned an initial value after each iteration. It has nonlinear characteristics in numerical calculation. The magnetic flux is used to represent the magnetic permeability of the ferromagnetic material. In this way, the nonlinearity of the magnetizer material is introduced into the EMC model, and the magnetic resistance of the magnetizer is obtained by calculation based on the magnetic flux of each segment of the magnetizer. The expression obtained by function fitting is: like Figure 6 As shown in the figure, there is a comparison of the fitting curves when the nonlinear characteristics of the magnetic conductive material are introduced into the magnetic circuit equation.
[0039] Then the relative magnetic permeability of ferromagnetic materials can be expressed as: S4: Find the optimal approximate solution as the initial value of the magnetic circuit equation based on the improved fruit fly optimization algorithm; Solve the magnetic circuit equations based on the improved fruit fly optimization algorithm; Convert the magnetic circuit equation into the difference between the coil magnetic potential and the magnetic circuit magnetic potential, and obtain and The optimization goal is: in, It is the minimum value of the difference between the magnetic potential of the coil and the magnetic potential of the magnetic circuit.
[0040] The steps of dynamically calculating the minimum value of the objective function based on the improved fruit fly optimization algorithm include: S41: Initialize the fruit fly population, determine the number of the entire fruit fly population, the maximum number of search iterations, and randomly determine the initial position of the population within the search range; S42: set the search step length and update the position of each fruit fly individual; in, For the Drosophila horizontal axis, For the Drosophila vertical axis, is the step size transformation factor, is the initial horizontal coordinate of the fruit fly population, is the initial ordinate of the fruit fly population, is the step length; The calculation expression of the step size transformation factor is: in, is the upper boundary of the independent variable. is the lower boundary of the independent variable. The first coefficient, is the second coefficient, , is the maximum number of iterations of fruit fly, is the current iteration number, is the number of the entire population; S43: Calculate the distance between the current position of each fruit fly individual and the origin, and set the reciprocal as the taste concentration judgment value : in, is the distance between the current position of the jth fruit fly and the origin, is the jth fruit fly taste concentration judgment value; For the The horizontal axis of fruit flies, The ordinate of the jth fruit fly; S44: Substitute the flavor concentration judgment value into the fitness function to obtain the food flavor concentration at the current position of the fruit fly individual: in, is the food taste concentration of the jth fruit fly at its current location, is the fitness function; S45: record the information of the largest fruit fly individual in the population; in, The largest fruit fly, It is the information of fruit fly individuals; S46: Record and retain the coordinates corresponding to the largest fruit fly individual information in the population, and other fruit flies gather toward the coordinates corresponding to the largest fruit fly individual information; in, is the food taste concentration of the largest fruit fly individual, is the horizontal coordinate of the largest fruit fly individual, is the ordinate of the largest fruit fly individual; S47: Enter the optimization iteration. If the current flavor concentration is lower than the concentration in the previous stage, record the current fruit fly information. If the current flavor concentration is not lower than the concentration in the previous stage, repeat steps S42 to S46 until the maximum number of fruit fly iterations is reached.
[0041] The magnetic flux of the first magnetic circuit and the magnetic flux of the second magnetic circuit are obtained by a fruit fly optimization algorithm.
[0042] Table 3 Approximate solution obtained by iterative solution of fruit fly optimization algorithm The optimal approximate solutions of the first magnetic circuit flux and the second magnetic circuit flux iterated by the above-mentioned fruit fly optimization algorithm are used as the initial values of the Newton method to solve the nonlinear equation group.
[0043] S5: According to the total permeability of the air gap, the leakage permeability of the air gap, the permeability of the magnetic conductor and the initial value of the magnetic circuit equation, the magnetic circuit equation is solved by using Newton's method to obtain the electromagnetic traction force of the relay; S6: Calculate the electromagnetic traction characteristics of the relay based on the electromagnetic traction force of the relay: The calculation expression of the first working air gap magnetic potential is: in, is the first working air gap magnetic potential, is the first working air gap permeability, is the magnetic flux of the first magnetic circuit, is the magnetic flux of the second magnetic circuit; The calculation expression of electromagnetic torque is: in, is the electromagnetic torque, is the armature angle corresponding to the air gap length; According to the magnetic circuit equation, the calculation expression of the electromagnetic traction force of the relay is: in, is the electromagnetic traction force of the relay, is the distance between the position where the electromagnetic traction force acts and the center of the shaft.
[0044] Thus, the relationship between the electromagnetic traction force of the relay and the armature angle corresponding to the air gap length is obtained. Because the pole faces of the first working air gap are not parallel and the working air gap length is different in different places, the air gap magnetic field is divided into 4 regions by approximate calculation, and it is assumed that the air gap length in each region is equal, among which the air gap length in the first region is , air gap length of the second and fourth regions , air gap length in the third region Therefore, the air gap length is linearly related to the corresponding armature angle, so the relationship between the electromagnetic traction force of the relay and the change of the air gap length can be obtained.
[0045] The relationship between the electromagnetic traction force of the relay and the change of the air gap length is the electromagnetic traction characteristic of the relay.
[0046] In some embodiments of the present invention, the electromagnetic traction characteristic curve of the relay under the pull-in ampere-turn is as follows: Figure 7 As shown in the figure, the electromagnetic traction characteristic curve of the relay under the release ampere-turn is as follows Figure 8 shown.
[0047] Fig. 9 A block diagram of an electronic device is shown as an example. Fig. 9 As shown, the electronic device may include: a processor 201, a communication interface 203, a memory 204 and a communication bus 202, wherein the processor 201, the communication interface 203 and the memory 204 communicate with each other through the communication bus 202. The processor 201 may call the logic instructions in the memory 204 to execute a magnetic circuit calculation method for a relay electromagnetic system considering magnetic leakage.
[0048] In addition, the logic instructions in the above-mentioned memory 204 can be implemented in the form of software functional units and can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium when sold or used as an independent product. Based on such an understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including a number of instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), disk or optical disk, etc. Various media that can store program codes.
[0049] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, and the computer program includes program instructions. When the program instructions are executed by a computer, the computer can execute a method for calculating the magnetic circuit of a relay electromagnetic system taking into account magnetic leakage provided by the above methods.
[0050] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which is implemented when the computer program is executed by a processor to perform the above-mentioned method for calculating the magnetic circuit of a relay electromagnetic system taking into account magnetic leakage.
[0051] The present invention more accurately considers the leakage magnetic effect of the relay electromagnetic system, provides more accurate magnetic circuit calculation and electromagnetic characteristic analysis, and is helpful for relay design and performance evaluation.
[0052] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for calculating the magnetic circuit of a relay electromagnetic system taking into account magnetic leakage, characterized in that: include: S1: Analyze the structural characteristics of the relay, determine the direction of all magnetic flux lines by combining finite element simulation, and draw the relay magnetic network diagram; Through the relay magnetic network diagram, the magnetic circuit equation is obtained; S2: Use the segmented magnetic field method to divide the air gap in the magnetic circuit into multiple flux tubes, calculate the permeance of each flux tube, and calculate the total permeance of the air gap based on the permeance of each flux tube; Calculate the air gap leakage permeance using magnetic circuit modeling method; S3: Use the function to fit the BH curve of the ferromagnetic material to obtain the magnetic permeability of the ferromagnetic material; calculate the magnetic permeability of the magnetic conductor through the magnetic permeability of the ferromagnetic material; S4: Find the optimal approximate solution as the initial value of the magnetic circuit equation based on the improved fruit fly optimization algorithm; S5: According to the total permeability of the air gap, the leakage permeability of the air gap, the permeability of the magnetic conductor and the initial value of the magnetic circuit equation, the magnetic circuit equation is solved by using Newton's method to obtain the electromagnetic traction force of the relay; S6: Calculate the electromagnetic traction characteristics of the relay based on the electromagnetic traction force of the relay.
2. A method for calculating the magnetic circuit of a relay electromagnetic system considering magnetic leakage according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S2, the air gap in the magnetic circuit is divided into a first working air gap between the armature and the pole shoe and a second working air gap at the yoke blade.
3. A method for calculating the magnetic circuit of a relay electromagnetic system considering magnetic leakage according to claim 2, characterized in that: The calculation process of the first working air gap between the armature and the pole piece includes: S21: dividing the air gap magnetic field into four regions, the first region is an equivalent cylinder, the second region and the fourth region are both equivalent to 1 / 4 cylinders, and the third region is an equivalent to 1 / 4 hollow cylinder; S22: The calculation expression of equivalent cylindrical magnetic permeability is: in, is the equivalent cylindrical magnetic permeability, is the vacuum permeability, is the equivalent cylinder radius, is the air gap length of the second region; S23: Equivalent 1 / 4 cylinder magnetic permeability: in, is the equivalent 1 / 4 cylinder magnetic permeability, is the pole piece radius, is the air gap length of the first region, is the air gap length of the third region; S24: 1 / 4 hollow cylinder magnetic guide: in, is the equivalent permeability of 1 / 4 hollow cylinder, is the thickness of the hollow cylinder; S25: The first working air gap permeability is: in, is the first working air gap permeability.
4. A method for calculating the magnetic circuit of a relay electromagnetic system taking into account magnetic flux leakage according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second working air gap permeability at the yoke iron edge is calculated by the differential element method. The calculation expression of the second working air gap permeability at the yoke iron edge is: in, is the second working air gap permeability at the yoke iron blade, is the distance from the contact part of the yoke iron corner with the armature to the center of the second working air gap rotation circle, is the distance from the contact part of the yoke iron corner with the armature to the center of the second working air gap rotation circle, It is the length of the part of the yoke iron corner that contacts the armature. is the length of the air gap, is the armature angle corresponding to the air gap length, is the length variable, is the magnetic permeability of vacuum.
5. The method for calculating the magnetic circuit of a relay electromagnetic system considering magnetic leakage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air gap leakage permeance is calculated using the magnetic circuit modeling method. The calculation of the air gap leakage permeance includes: The calculation formula for the leakage flux from the pole shoe to the yoke iron bottom plate is: in, is the magnetic flux leakage from the pole shoe to the yoke iron base plate, is the vacuum permeability, is the yoke cutting edge radius, is the core radius, is the core length, is the correction value, The calculation formula for the leakage flux from the pole shoe to the yoke side is: in, is the leakage flux from the pole shoe to the yoke side, is the length of the yoke bottom, is the length of the horizontal part of the yoke, is the thickness of the yoke, The calculation formula of the leakage permeability from the core to the yoke side is: in, is the leakage flux from the core to the yoke side, is the equivalent cylinder radius.
6. The method for calculating the magnetic circuit of a relay electromagnetic system considering magnetic flux leakage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic permeability of ferromagnetic materials is represented by the function fitting BH curve, and the fitting formula is: in, is the magnetic field strength, is the first parameter to be sought, is the second parameter to be requested. is the third parameter to be requested, is the magnetic induction intensity; The relative magnetic permeability of ferromagnetic materials is: in, is the relative magnetic permeability of the ferromagnetic material, For the Partial magnetic flux, For the The effective flow area of the part of the magnetic circuit, For the The cross-sectional area of the ferromagnetic material, is the vacuum permeability; The magnetic reluctance of the magnet is: in, is the magnetic reluctance of the magnetic conductor, For the Partial magnetic path length, is the number of segments, The calculation formula of magnetic permeability of magnetic conductor is: in, is the magnetic permeability of the magnet, is the relative magnetic permeability of the magnetic body, is the magnetic flux of the magnet, is the cross-sectional area of the magnetic conductor, is the length of the magnetic conductor; The armature, the bottom of the yoke, the side of the armature, the pole shoe and the core are all magnetic conductors. The armature magnetic permeability, the yoke bottom magnetic permeability, the armature side magnetic permeability, the pole shoe magnetic permeability and the core magnetic permeability are obtained according to the magnetic conductor magnetic permeability calculation formula.
7. The method for calculating the magnetic circuit of a relay electromagnetic system considering magnetic flux leakage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic circuit equation is solved based on the improved fruit fly optimization algorithm; the calculation expression of the magnetic circuit equation is: Where, F is the electromagnetic traction force of the relay; is the magnetic flux of the first magnetic circuit, is the magnetic flux of the second magnetic circuit, is the pole shoe permeance; is the core magnetic permeability; is the first working air gap permeability; It is the magnetic flux leakage from the pole shoe to the yoke iron bottom plate; is the magnetic permeability at the bottom of the yoke; It is the magnetic permeability of the armature side; is the second working air gap magnetic permeability at the yoke iron blade; is the armature magnetic guide; It is the leakage flux from the pole shoe to the yoke side; is the leakage flux from the core to the yoke side, is a small leakage permeance, is the first auxiliary operator, is the second auxiliary operator, is the third auxiliary operator; Convert the magnetic circuit equation into the difference between the coil magnetic potential and the magnetic circuit magnetic potential, and obtain and The optimization goal is: in, It is the minimum value of the difference between the magnetic potential of the coil and the magnetic potential of the magnetic circuit.
8. The method for calculating the magnetic circuit of a relay electromagnetic system taking into account magnetic flux leakage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S6 step includes: The calculation expression of the first working air gap magnetic potential is: in, is the first working air gap magnetic potential, is the first working air gap permeability, is the magnetic flux of the first magnetic circuit, is the magnetic flux of the second magnetic circuit; The calculation expression of electromagnetic torque is: in, is the electromagnetic torque, is the armature angle corresponding to the air gap length; According to the magnetic circuit equation, the calculation expression of the electromagnetic traction force of the relay is: in, is the electromagnetic traction force of the relay, is the distance between the position where the electromagnetic traction force acts and the center of the shaft.
9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein: When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the method for calculating the magnetic circuit of a relay electromagnetic system taking into account magnetic leakage as described in any one of claims 1 to 8 are implemented.
10. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of a method for calculating a magnetic circuit of a relay electromagnetic system taking into account magnetic flux leakage as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8 are implemented.