Tunnel disease hierarchy causal relationship analysis method

Abstract

The invention provides a tunnel disease hierarchical causal relationship analysis method, which comprises the following steps: determining a tunnel disease system disease element set, the tunnel disease system disease elements being composed of various types of diseases; constructing an adjacent matrix of the tunnel disease system, wherein the adjacent matrix determines a binary relationship between every two disease elements; calculating a reachable matrix of the tunnel disease system based on the adjacent matrix of the tunnel disease system, and determining a transmission relation between every two disease elements by the reachable matrix; performing region division on the tunnel disease system based on the reachable matrix of the tunnel disease system; performing hierarchical decomposition on the tunnel disease system based on tunnel disease system region division; and drawing a tunnel disease system disease element hierarchy causal relationship graph. According to the method, the hierarchical causal relationship among different diseases can be ascertained, surface layer diseases, transitive diseases and deep fundamental diseases in a tunnel disease system are determined, the systematic relationship among the diseases is clearer, and a theoretical basis and reasonable suggestions are provided for source treatment and theoretical treatment of the tunnel diseases.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel operation and maintenance, and in particular to a method for analyzing hierarchical causal relationships of tunnel defects. Background Art

[0002] As the operation time of the tunnel increases, due to various reasons such as changes in the hydrogeological environment of the tunnel, disturbances caused by surrounding construction activities, and structural disadvantages, the tunnel will inevitably develop various types of diseases, such as leakage, cracks, misalignment, block drop, back cavity, and ballast bed debonding, which seriously threaten the structural safety and operational safety of the tunnel. The generation and development of various tunnel diseases are not independent of each other, and there may be a hierarchical causal relationship between different diseases. The development of a certain disease will be affected by other diseases while affecting other diseases. For example, tunnel cracks and misalignment diseases will lead to aggravated tunnel leakage. Therefore, studying the hierarchical causal relationship of different diseases in the tunnel structure and exploring the underlying fundamental diseases are of great significance to achieve scientific control, source control and system control of tunnel diseases and ensure long-term control effects.

[0003] At present, there are few studies on the causal relationship between different levels of tunnel diseases, and only the analysis of the impact relationship between different diseases. There are many problems or shortcomings in the existing technology:

[0004] (1) This method cannot determine the causal level of different diseases, and cannot identify superficial diseases, intermediate diseases, and deep-seated fundamental diseases.

[0005] (2) This method cannot provide an effective theoretical basis for source control and system management of tunnel diseases. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a method for analyzing the hierarchical causal relationship of tunnel diseases, which explores the hierarchical causal relationship between different diseases, explores the deep-seated fundamental diseases among various diseases, makes the system relationship between diseases clearer, and serves the source control and system control of tunnel diseases.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0008] A tunnel disease hierarchical causal relationship analysis method comprises the following steps:

[0009] Determine a set of tunnel disease system disease elements, wherein the tunnel disease system disease elements are composed of various types of diseases;

[0010] Constructing a tunnel disease system adjacency matrix, wherein the adjacency matrix determines the binary relationship between all disease elements;

[0011] Based on the adjacency matrix of the tunnel disease system, a reachable matrix of the tunnel disease system is calculated, wherein the reachable matrix determines the transmission relationship between all the disease elements.

[0012] Based on the tunnel disease system reachability matrix, the tunnel disease system is divided into regions;

[0013] Based on the regional division of tunnel disease system, the tunnel disease system is decomposed hierarchically;

[0014] Draw a hierarchical cause-and-effect diagram of the tunnel disease system’s disease elements.

[0015] In some embodiments, determining the tunnel disease system disease element set includes:

[0016] Based on the literature research, the disease elements of tunnel disease system are classified, sorted, summarized and summarized;

[0017] Construct the tunnel disease system disease element set S, denoted as , where S i represents a type of disease element, and n is the number of disease elements in the set S.

[0018] In some embodiments, constructing the tunnel disease system adjacency matrix includes:

[0019] Establish an expert group in the field of tunnel diseases, and have the expert group discuss and determine the binary relationship between the two elements of the tunnel disease system;

[0020] Traverse all the disease elements in the disease element set S of the tunnel disease system, and form an n-order matrix of binary relations in order. The n-order matrix is ​​defined as the adjacency matrix A, which is expressed as , where a ij Represents the element in the i-th row and j-th column of the adjacency matrix A.

[0021] In some embodiments, the binary relationship is represented by "0" or "1", and the binary relationship determination method is as follows:

[0022] .

[0023] In some embodiments, the calculating the tunnel disease system reachability matrix based on the tunnel disease system adjacency matrix includes:

[0024] Obtain the transfer relationship between all the disease elements, and calculate the reachable matrix M of the adjacency matrix A of the tunnel disease system by the following formula:

[0025]

[0026] Where I is the identity matrix of the same order as the adjacency matrix A, and k is a positive integer.

[0027] In some embodiments, the dividing the tunnel disease system into regions based on the tunnel disease system reachability matrix includes:

[0028] Define the set R(Si), A(Si), C(Si), where:

[0029] R(Si) is the reachable set of the disease element Si, which means the set of disease elements that can be reached by the disease element Si, that is, the set of disease elements in the corresponding row of the disease element Si in the reachable matrix M, which contains the column disease element set with "1";

[0030] A(Si) is the predecessor set of the disease element Si, which represents the set of disease elements that can reach the disease element Si, that is, the set of row disease elements containing "1" in the corresponding column of the disease element Si in the reachable matrix M;

[0031] C(Si) is the common set of the disease element Si, which represents the intersection of the reachable set R(Si) and the antecedent set A(Si) of the disease element Si, that is, , which also means the set of all disease elements that the disease element Si can reach and that can reach the disease element Si.

[0032] In some embodiments, the hierarchical decomposition of the tunnel disease system based on the regional division of the tunnel disease system includes:

[0033] According to whether the disease element Si meets The conditions are extracted hierarchically, and the disease elements that meet the conditions are divided into the same level;

[0034] In the next round of extraction, the disease elements extracted in the previous round are deleted in advance;

[0035] Repeat the above process to clarify the levels of each disease element.

[0036] In some embodiments, drawing a tunnel disease system disease element hierarchical causal relationship diagram includes:

[0037] Obtain the level of each disease element and place all disease elements on the corresponding level;

[0038] Draw a directed connection diagram to represent the hierarchical causal relationship of the disease elements of the entire tunnel disease system.

[0039] In some embodiments, after obtaining the levels of each disease element, the first-level disease element is placed at the top layer, and the second-level and third-level disease elements are placed below in sequence;

[0040] In the directed connection graph, the top layer represents the surface disease of the tunnel disease system, and each layer below represents the cause of the previous layer.

[0041] The beneficial effects of the present invention compared with the prior art are as follows: the present invention proposes a tunnel disease hierarchical causal relationship analysis method, which explores the hierarchical causal relationship between different diseases, excavates the deep-seated fundamental diseases among various diseases, and serves the source control and system control of tunnel diseases. The specific advantages include at least one or more of the following:

[0042] (1) The analysis method provided by the present invention can intuitively obtain a hierarchical causal relationship diagram of the tunnel disease system disease elements by analyzing various disease elements in the tunnel disease system.

[0043] (2) The analysis method provided by the present invention can explore the hierarchical causal relationship between different diseases, clarify the surface diseases, transmission diseases and deep-seated fundamental diseases in the tunnel disease system, and make the systematic relationship between diseases clearer.

[0044] (3) The analysis method provided by the present invention can provide a theoretical basis and reasonable suggestions for the source control and theoretical control of tunnel diseases.

[0045] (4) The analytical method provided by the present invention is simple, practical and easy to promote.

[0046] It should be understood that the implementation of any embodiment of the present invention does not mean that multiple or all of the above-mentioned beneficial effects must be possessed or achieved at the same time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] In order to more clearly illustrate the implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for the implementation methods or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only exemplary, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other implementation drawings can be derived from the provided drawings without creative work.

[0048] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification so as to facilitate understanding and reading by persons familiar with the technology. They are not used to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented, and therefore have no substantial technical significance. Any structural modification, change in proportion or adjustment in size shall still fall within the scope of the technical contents disclosed in the present invention without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by the present invention.

[0049] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall process of a tunnel disease hierarchical causal relationship analysis method of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 2 This is a hierarchical causal relationship diagram of tunnel disease system disease elements according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] The same or corresponding symbols in the drawings indicate the same or corresponding parts. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly understood, the embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments and drawings. Here, the illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their description are used to explain the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0053] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0054] It should be understood that the terms "include / comprise", "consist of..." or any other variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a product, device, process or method that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also may include other elements not explicitly listed when necessary, or also includes elements inherent to such product, device, process or method. In the absence of more restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "include / comprise...", "consist of..." do not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the product, device, process or method that includes the elements.

[0055] It is also necessary to understand that terms such as "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" to indicate directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device, component or structure must have a specific direction, be constructed or operate in a specific direction, and should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0056] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0057] The implementation of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with preferred embodiments.

[0058] The present invention provides a tunnel disease hierarchical causal relationship analysis method, see Figure 1 The flowchart shown includes the following steps: S10, determining the set of tunnel disease system disease elements; S20 constructing the tunnel disease system adjacency matrix; S30, calculating the tunnel disease system reachable matrix based on the tunnel disease system adjacency matrix; S40, dividing the tunnel disease system into regions based on the tunnel disease system reachable matrix; S50, hierarchically decomposing the tunnel disease system based on the regional division of the tunnel disease system; S60, drawing a hierarchical causal relationship diagram of the tunnel disease system disease elements. The present invention can explore the hierarchical causal relationship between different diseases, clarify the surface diseases, transmission diseases and deep-level fundamental diseases in the tunnel disease system, make the system relationship between diseases clearer, and provide a theoretical basis and rationalization suggestions for the source control and theoretical control of tunnel diseases.

[0059] The method steps of the present invention are introduced below with a specific embodiment.

[0060] In step S10, first, a set of tunnel disease system disease elements is determined.

[0061] It should be noted that the tunnel disease system disease elements are composed of various types of diseases.

[0062] The tunnel structure is regarded as an organic and complex system, and various types of tunnel structure diseases can be used as its constraint factors. These tunnel disease system disease elements composed of various types of diseases have the characteristics of correlation, systematicity and complexity. Before conducting a hierarchical causal relationship analysis of tunnel diseases, it is necessary to combine literature research to study the overall situation of tunnel disease system diseases.

[0063] In some embodiments, determining the tunnel disease system disease element set may be specifically performed in the following manner:

[0064] In step S101, based on literature research, the tunnel disease system disease elements are classified, sorted, and summarized.

[0065] As shown in Table 1, Table 1 is the result of summarizing the disease elements of the tunnel disease system based on literature research. The first column is the major categories of tunnel diseases, including leakage diseases, damage diseases, and deformation diseases; the second column is the subcategories of tunnel diseases, a total of 8, corresponding to different major categories of tunnel diseases; the third column is the specific disease manifestations. After summary, Table 1 basically covers the tunnel diseases that cause operational safety problems.

[0066] Table 1 Classification of tunnel defects

[0067]

[0068] In step S102, a tunnel disease system disease element set S is constructed, denoted as , where Si represents a type of disease element, and n is the number of disease elements in the set S.

[0069] Table 1 records the various types of tunnel diseases that often occur during the survey, such as leakage, cracks, misalignment, and block drop, and classifies and organizes them to form a set of n elements, which is determined as the tunnel disease system disease element set S, denoted as , where S i It represents a type of disease.

[0070] In this embodiment, eight kinds of disease factors are summarized through literature research, as shown in Table 2. The set of disease factors S of the tunnel disease system can be recorded as: .

[0071] Table 2 Tunnel disease system disease factors

[0072]

[0073] In step S20, a tunnel disease system adjacency matrix is ​​constructed.

[0074] It should be noted that the adjacency matrix determines the binary relationship between all disease elements.

[0075] In some embodiments, constructing the tunnel disease system adjacency matrix may be specifically performed in the following manner:

[0076] In step S201, an expert group in the field of tunnel diseases is formed, and the expert group discusses and determines the binary relationship between the disease elements of the tunnel disease system.

[0077] The binary relationship between all the disease elements of the tunnel disease system is determined through group discussion and bidding. The binary relationship is represented by "0" or "1". The binary relationship determination method is as follows:

[0078]

[0079] In step S202, all the disease elements in the disease element set S of the tunnel disease system are traversed, and the binary relations are sequentially formed into an n-order matrix, and the n-order matrix is ​​defined as the adjacency matrix A, which is expressed as , where i represents the i-th row of the adjacency matrix A, j represents the j-th column of the adjacency matrix A, and a ij Represents the element in the i-th row and j-th column of the adjacency matrix A.

[0080] It should be noted that the adjacency matrix A is a Boolean matrix. A Boolean matrix is ​​a matrix whose elements can only be "0" or "1", so it is also called a 0-1 matrix.

[0081] In this embodiment, the tunnel disease system adjacency matrix A obtained according to formula (1) is shown in formula (2):

[0082]

[0083] It is easy to understand that the above matrix element "1" represents the row disease factor S i List of disease factors S j Influence, such as S 1 For S 2 , S 3 , S 8 influential.

[0084] In step S30, based on the adjacency matrix of the tunnel disease system, the reachability matrix of the tunnel disease system is calculated.

[0085] The adjacency matrix is ​​the direct binary relationship between the disease elements of the tunnel disease system. Through the transmission of some disease elements, there may be indirect influence relationships. By finding the transmission relationship between all disease elements, the reachable matrix M can be obtained. If the adjacency matrix A satisfies the following formula (3) according to the Boolean matrix operation rules, the reachable matrix M of the adjacency matrix A of the tunnel disease system is obtained:

[0086]

[0087] In formula (3), I is the identity matrix of the same order as the adjacency matrix A, and k is a positive integer. The reachability matrix is ​​also a Boolean matrix that indicates whether there is a connected path from one element to another. For example, if the element m in the i-th row and j-th column of the reachability matrix M is ij If it is 1, it means the disease factor S i Can reach the disease element S j , if m ij If it is 0, it means that the disease factor S i Cannot reach the disease element S j .

[0088] It should be noted that k in formula (3) represents a positive integer, which increases from 1 until formula (3) is established, that is, the transmission relationship between the disease elements is found and the operation is terminated. I is the unit matrix, that is, the elements on the main diagonal are all 1 and the other elements are all 0.

[0089] In this embodiment, according to the Boolean matrix operation rules, the tunnel disease system reachable matrix M is calculated by programming according to formula (3), and the calculation result is shown in formula (4):

[0090]

[0091] It is easy to understand that the above matrix element "1" represents the row disease factor S i You can reach the corresponding column disease element S j .

[0092] In step S40, the tunnel disease system is divided into regions based on the tunnel disease system reachability matrix.

[0093] Define the set R(Si), A(Si), C(Si), where:

[0094] R(Si) is the reachable set of the disease element Si, which means the set of disease elements that can be reached by the disease element Si, that is, the set of disease elements in the corresponding row of the disease element Si in the reachable matrix M, which contains the column disease element set with "1";

[0095] A(Si) is the predecessor set of the disease element Si, which represents the set of disease elements that can reach the disease element Si, that is, the set of row disease elements containing "1" in the corresponding column of the disease element Si in the reachable matrix M;

[0096] C(Si) is the common set of the disease element Si, which represents the intersection of the reachable set R(Si) and the antecedent set A(Si) of the disease element Si, that is, , it also means that the disease element Si can reach , and can reach the disease element Si, that is, a disease element in C(Si) can reach Si, and Si can reach the disease element, the set of all these disease elements.

[0097] It should be noted that the process of solving the above three sets is the process of region division. The reachable set R(Si) can be understood as the result set, the antecedent set A(Si) can be understood as the cause set, and the common set C(Si) is the intersection of the two (the cause reaches the result).

[0098] In this embodiment, the reachable matrix M is divided into regions according to the following rules, and the disease factor S is solved by equation (5): i The reachable set R(S i ), look-ahead set A(S i ) and the intersection C(S i ):

[0099]

[0100] Through the above calculation, the division results of the disease system area are shown in Table 3. The first column of Table 3 is the disease elements; the second column is the disease elements included in the reachable set; the third column is the disease elements included in the predecessor set; the fourth column is the disease elements included after the intersection of the reachable set in the second column and the predecessor set in the third column.

[0101] Table 3 Tunnel disease system area division

[0102]

[0103] In step S50, based on the regional division of the tunnel disease system, the tunnel disease system is hierarchically decomposed.

[0104] In some embodiments, the hierarchical decomposition of the tunnel disease system may be specifically performed in the following manner:

[0105] In step S501, the disease element Si is determined based on whether it satisfies The disease elements that meet the conditions are divided into the same level.

[0106] In step S502, the disease elements extracted in the previous round are deleted in advance in the next round of extraction.

[0107] In step S503, the above process is repeated to clarify the levels of each disease element.

[0108] In this embodiment, based on the tunnel disease system area division results in Table 3, according to whether The conditions are used for hierarchical extraction, and the disease elements that meet the conditions are divided into the same level. In the next round of extraction, the disease elements extracted in the previous round are deleted in advance in Table 3. Multiple rounds of extraction are repeated until all diseases are extracted. Finally, the system hierarchical decomposition results are obtained as shown in Table 4.

[0109] It is easy to understand that in this embodiment, as shown in Table 3, due to the disease factor S 1 , S 2 , S 3 , S 8 Satisfy first , so in the first round of extraction, it is divided into L 1 Then continue to extract, and delete the disease elements S extracted in the first round in advance. 1 , S 2 , S 3 , S 8 ,satisfy For S 7 , is divided into L 2 By analogy, the hierarchical division results are shown in Table 4.

[0110] Table 4 System level decomposition results

[0111]

[0112] In step S60, a hierarchical cause-effect relationship diagram of the tunnel disease system disease elements is drawn.

[0113] In some embodiments, drawing a hierarchical causal relationship diagram of tunnel disease system disease elements may be specifically performed in the following manner:

[0114] In step S601, the level of each disease element is obtained, and all disease elements are placed on the corresponding level.

[0115] After obtaining the levels of each disease element, place the first-level disease element at the top layer, followed by the second-level and third-level disease elements below, until all disease elements are placed at the corresponding levels.

[0116] In step S602, a directed connection graph is drawn. The directed connection graph is a graph consisting of defect elements and connection lines with directional arrows, which represents the hierarchical causal relationship of the defect elements of the entire tunnel defect system.

[0117] In the directed connection graph, the top layer represents the surface disease of the tunnel disease system, and each layer below represents the cause of the previous layer.

[0118] In this embodiment, after the tunnel disease system is hierarchically decomposed, the hierarchical size of the disease elements in Table 4 is reordered according to the hierarchical decomposition result of the tunnel disease system to obtain the standard form of the reachable matrix: , as shown in the following formula (6):

[0119]

[0120] It should be noted that the standard form of the reachability matrix is ​​the form after the disease elements in Table 4 are re-arranged according to their hierarchical levels.

[0121] After removing the transfer relationship and reflexive relationship between the disease elements, the structural matrix of the tunnel disease system can be obtained: Formula (7):

[0122]

[0123] According to the structure matrix Based on the hierarchical division results, a hierarchical causal relationship diagram of the tunnel disease system disease elements is drawn, such as Figure 2 As shown. Figure 2 It can be seen that all disease types interact with each other to form a complex system in which the eight types of diseases are distributed in L 1 , L 2 , L 3 and L 4 There are four levels in total. The disease factors at the upper levels are superficial in nature, while the disease factors at the lower levels are deep-seated in nature. Figure 2 The direction of the arrow in the figure is the structure matrix The number whose element is "1", such as the row disease element S 1And the disease factor S 2 , S 3 , S 8 If the intersection elements of are all "1", it means S 1 Arrows point to S 2 , S 3 , S 8 .

[0124] Depend on Figure 2 It can be seen that various types of tunnel structure diseases are not independent of each other, but affect each other. The occurrence or deterioration of a certain disease often promotes the development of other diseases. According to the hierarchical causal relationship diagram of the tunnel disease system disease elements, tunnel diseases can be divided into four levels:

[0125] The first layer includes S 1 (leakage), S 2 (crack), S 3 (flaking) and S 8 (ballast bed debonding), there is a very strong cyclic interaction between these four diseases, which constitute a strong connection element. Therefore, treating any disease in the first layer alone cannot achieve the effect of improving the overall state of the tunnel. The four diseases in the first layer need to be treated as a whole to achieve the expected effect. At the same time, these four diseases are located at the top layer of the system, indicating that these four diseases are the most superficial disease elements of the tunnel disease system, and their thorough treatment depends on the treatment of the bottom and middle layer diseases. Otherwise, even if these four diseases are treated in the short term, they are very likely to recur under the influence of other diseases.

[0126] The second layer is S 7 (Seam opening), the third layer is S 6 (Pipe segment misalignment), these two diseases are located in the middle layer of the model and are essentially intermediate transmission diseases. The thorough control of these two diseases depends on the control of the bottom layer diseases and is transmitted upward to the top layer diseases, which is conducive to the control of the top layer diseases.

[0127] The fourth layer is S 4 (cross-sectional convergence deformation) and S 5 (Vertical deformation of longitudinal section). These two diseases are located at the bottom layer of the model, which means that these two diseases can directly or indirectly affect all other diseases. They are the deep-seated fundamental disease elements of the tunnel disease system. When treating diseases, we must focus on the treatment of these two diseases. Only when these two diseases are fundamentally treated can the treatment of other diseases be "symptomatic and fundamental".

[0128] It can be seen that through the analysis method provided by the present invention, the hierarchical causal relationship between different diseases is explored, and the surface diseases, transmission diseases and deep-seated fundamental diseases in the tunnel disease system are clarified, making the systematic relationship between diseases clearer, and providing a theoretical basis and reasonable suggestions for the source control and theoretical control of tunnel diseases.

[0129] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above, and the above description is exemplary, not exhaustive, and is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The selection of terms used herein is intended to best explain the principles of the embodiments, practical applications, or technical improvements in the market, or to enable other persons of ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

[0130] Although several specific implementation details are included in the above discussion, these should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Certain features described in the context of separate embodiments may also be implemented in a single implementation in combination. On the contrary, the various features described in the context of a single implementation may also be implemented in multiple implementations individually or in any suitable sub-combination.

Claims

1. A tunnel disease hierarchical causal relationship analysis method, characterized in that: include: Determine a set of tunnel disease system disease elements, wherein the tunnel disease system disease elements are composed of various types of diseases; Constructing a tunnel disease system adjacency matrix, wherein the adjacency matrix determines the binary relationship between all disease elements; Based on the adjacency matrix of the tunnel disease system, a reachable matrix of the tunnel disease system is calculated, wherein the reachable matrix determines the transmission relationship between all the disease elements. Based on the tunnel disease system reachability matrix, the tunnel disease system is divided into regions; Based on the regional division of tunnel disease system, the tunnel disease system is decomposed hierarchically; Draw a hierarchical cause-and-effect diagram of the tunnel disease system’s disease elements.

2. The analysis method according to claim 1, characterized in that The tunnel disease system disease element set for determining the tunnel disease system includes: Based on the literature research, the disease elements of tunnel disease system are classified, sorted, summarized and summarized; Construct the tunnel disease system disease element set S, denoted as , where S i represents a type of disease element, and n is the number of disease elements in the set S.

3. The analysis method according to claim 2, characterized in that The construction of the tunnel disease system adjacency matrix comprises: Establish an expert group in the field of tunnel diseases, and have the expert group discuss and determine the binary relationship between the two elements of the tunnel disease system; Traverse all the disease elements in the disease element set S of the tunnel disease system, and form an n-order matrix of binary relations in order. The n-order matrix is ​​defined as the adjacency matrix A, which is expressed as , where a ij Represents the element in the i-th row and j-th column of the adjacency matrix A.

4. The analysis method according to claim 3, characterized in that The binary relationship is represented by "0" or "1", and the binary relationship determination method is as follows: 。 5. The analysis method according to claim 1, characterized in that The calculation of the tunnel disease system reachability matrix based on the tunnel disease system adjacency matrix includes: Obtain the transfer relationship between all the disease elements, and calculate the reachable matrix M of the adjacency matrix A of the tunnel disease system by the following formula: ； Where I is the identity matrix of the same order as the adjacency matrix A, and k is a positive integer.

6. The analysis method according to claim 1, characterized in that The regional division of the tunnel disease system based on the tunnel disease system reachability matrix includes: Define the set R(Si), A(Si), C(Si), where: R(Si) is the reachable set of the disease element Si, which means the set of disease elements that can be reached by the disease element Si, that is, the set of disease elements in the corresponding row of the disease element Si in the reachable matrix M, which contains the column disease element set with "1"; A(Si) is the predecessor set of the disease element Si, which represents the set of disease elements that can reach the disease element Si, that is, the set of row disease elements containing "1" in the corresponding column of the disease element Si in the reachable matrix M; C(Si) is the common set of the disease element Si, which represents the intersection of the reachable set R(Si) and the antecedent set A(Si) of the disease element Si, that is, , which also means the set of all disease elements that the disease element Si can reach and that can reach the disease element Si.

7. The analysis method according to claim 6, characterized in that The hierarchical decomposition of the tunnel disease system based on the regional division of the tunnel disease system includes: According to whether the disease element Si meets The conditions are extracted hierarchically, and the disease elements that meet the conditions are divided into the same level; In the next round of extraction, the disease elements extracted in the previous round are deleted in advance; Repeat the above process to clarify the levels of each disease element.

8. The analysis method according to claim 1, characterized in that The drawing of the tunnel disease system disease element hierarchical causal relationship diagram comprises: Obtain the level of each disease element and place all disease elements on the corresponding level; Draw a directed connection diagram to represent the hierarchical causal relationship of the disease elements of the entire tunnel disease system.

9. The analysis method according to claim 8, characterized in that: After obtaining the levels of each disease element, place the first-level disease element at the top, and then place the second-level and third-level disease elements below; In the directed connection graph, the top layer represents the surface disease of the tunnel disease system, and each layer below represents the cause of the previous layer.

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