A multi-market subject energy trading method for new energy systems

Abstract

The present application relates to a multi-market subject energy trading method for a new energy system, the method comprising: constructing an energy trading market blockchain network model; constructing a double-layer multi-objective multi-market subject energy trading model based on the information of the demand side node, the energy trading model updates the information of the demand side node, the new energy generator node and the traditional energy generator node based on the information of the demand side node; according to the updated information of the demand side node and the two generator nodes, calculate the deviation coefficient, reflect the supply and demand imbalance based on the deviation coefficient, and adjust and control through the energy storage service provider node to obtain the updated information node; according to the information in the updated information node, settle the transaction through a smart contract. This method can reduce the demand side's electricity purchase cost, promote the consumption of new energy, increase the profit of generators, and reduce carbon emissions, thereby helping the transformation of energy production-side transformation to production and consumption transformation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of energy trading technology, and in particular to a multi-market subject energy trading method for a new energy system. Background Art

[0002] Although some scholars have conducted research on the energy market mechanism, with the gradual promotion of green certificate trading and carbon trading, the synergy between electricity and carbon has been further deepened. In the context of the transformation from mainly changing the energy production side to changing the production and consumption side simultaneously, the number of entities participating in the energy trading market has continued to increase, and the clean and low-carbon transformation of the new energy system has become an inevitable development trend. These factors have posed great challenges to the existing energy market trading mechanism. Summary of the invention

[0003] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a multi-market subject energy trading method for a new energy system, which includes:

[0004] S1: Constructing a blockchain network model for an energy trading market; the blockchain network model for an energy trading market includes new energy power generator nodes, traditional energy power generator nodes, demand-side nodes, energy storage service provider nodes, smart contracts, and information nodes;

[0005] S2: constructing a double-layer multi-objective multi-market subject energy trading model based on the information of the demand side node, wherein the energy trading model updates the information of the demand side node, the new energy power generator node and the traditional energy power generator node based on the information of the demand side node;

[0006] S3: Based on the updated information of the demand-side node and the two power generators’ nodes, the deviation coefficient is calculated, the supply-demand imbalance is reflected based on the deviation coefficient, and the updated information node is obtained through regulation through the energy storage service provider node; based on the information in the updated information node, the transaction is settled through the smart contract.

[0007] Preferably, the new energy power producer nodes include distributed new energy power producers of photovoltaic solar energy and wind energy;

[0008] The traditional energy power generation node includes traditional energy power generation nodes that burn coal and gas;

[0009] The demand-side nodes include users with electricity demand;

[0010] The energy storage service provider nodes include energy storage service providers that provide supercapacitors and storage stations;

[0011] The smart contract is embedded with the E-trading smart algorithm, which is used to establish data transmission relationships between nodes and realize strategic interaction between market players;

[0012] The information nodes include power usage, energy usage habits and / or inflow and outflow of power.

[0013] Preferably, the information in the information node is uploaded to the main chain through the smart contract;

[0014] The power consumption and energy consumption habits are obtained through smart meters installed at the user's location; the inflow and outflow of power are obtained through flow meters installed at the user, new energy power generator, traditional energy power generator and service provider;

[0015] The initial information node is recorded as:

[0016] ;

[0017] ;

[0018] ;

[0019] ;

[0020] ;

[0021] in, Represents the initial information node; Indicates the initial information node on the demand side; Represents the initial information node of the new energy power generator; Indicates the initial information node of traditional energy power generator; Represents the initial information node of the energy storage service provider; Indicates i Users in t The total electricity demand during the time period; N represents the number of users; Indicates H New energy generators in t The actual power generation during the time period; It represents the electricity selling price of new energy power generators; Indicates K Traditional energy generators t The actual power generation during the time period; It represents the electricity selling price of traditional energy power generators; Indicates r Energy storage service providers t The price at which electricity is sold to generators during a time period; Indicates r Energy storage service providers t The price of electricity purchased from power generators during a time period; the power generators include new energy power generators and traditional energy power generators.

[0022] Preferably, in the energy trading market blockchain network model, a trading cycle is 24 hours, and market clearing is performed at intervals of 1 hour.

[0023] Preferably, S2 includes:

[0024] S2.1: The energy trading model includes an upper objective function and a lower objective function; the lower objective function is constructed by minimizing the total electricity purchase cost of the demand-side node; the upper objective function is constructed by maximizing the total electricity sales profit of the two power generation nodes;

[0025] S2.2: Obtaining the total electricity demand during the trading period reported by the demand-side node through the initial information node;

[0026] S2.3: The lower objective function calculates each user's electricity demand for new energy and traditional energy based on the total electricity demand;

[0027] S2.4: The total electricity demand of new energy and traditional energy is uploaded to the chain, and the initial information node on the demand side is updated;

[0028] S2.5: The upper objective function calculates the optimal power generation of the new energy power generator and the optimal power generation of the traditional energy power generator based on the updated power demand;

[0029] S2.6: The calculated optimal power generation of the new energy power generator and the traditional energy power generator is uploaded to the chain, and the initial information node of the new energy power generator and the initial information node of the traditional energy power generator are updated accordingly.

[0030] Preferably, the calculation formula of the lower layer objective function is:

[0031] ;

[0032] ;

[0033] ;

[0034] ;

[0035] The constraints of the lower objective function are:

[0036] ;

[0037] in, Indicates i Users in t The cost of electricity purchased during the time period; Indicates iThe green certificate transaction cost of each user on the trading day; Indicates i Users in t The direct electricity purchase cost within the time period; N represents the number of users; T represents the transaction period; Indicates the transaction price of green certificates; Indicates i The number of green certificate quotas for each user; Indicates i The number of green certificates owned by a user through the purchase of renewable energy power generation; Indicates i Users in t The electricity demand for renewable energy during the time period; Indicates i Users in t Total electricity demand during the time period; Indicates the green certificate quantity quota coefficient; It represents the penalty cost for failing to meet the quota for new energy consumption; Indicates the penalty coefficient for new energy consumption not meeting the quota; Indicated in t The electricity sales price of new energy generators during the time period; Indicated in t The electricity sales price of traditional energy generators during the time period; Indicates i Users in t The electricity demand for traditional energy during a period of time.

[0038] Preferably, the calculation formula of the upper layer objective function is:

[0039] ;

[0040] ;

[0041] ;

[0042] The constraints of the upper objective function are:

[0043] ;

[0044] in, Indicated in t The net profit of new energy power generators during the time period; Indicated in t The net profit of traditional energy generators during the time period; Indicated in t The electricity sales revenue of new energy generators during the time period; Indicated in tThe electricity sales revenue of traditional energy generators during the time period; represents the total cost of renewable energy generators; Represents the total cost of traditional energy generators; Indicates H New energy generators in t The actual power generation during the time period; Indicates K Traditional energy generators t The actual power generation during the time period; Indicated in t The maximum power generation of renewable energy generators during the time period; Indicated in t The maximum power generation of traditional energy generators within a time period; T represents the transaction period.

[0045] Preferably, the corresponding updating of the initial information node of the new energy power generator and the initial information node of the traditional energy power generator includes:

[0046] The optimal power generation of the new energy power generator is compared with the total power demand of the demand-side node for new energy in real time, the excess power and the shortage power are recorded, and the initial information node of the new energy power generator is updated with the excess power and the shortage power to obtain the updated information node of the new energy power generator. The updated information node of the new energy power generator is recorded as: ;in, It indicates the excess electricity of new energy power generators; Indicates the insufficient power of new energy power generators; It represents the electricity selling price of new energy power generators;

[0047] In the energy trading market based on the blockchain platform, new energy power generators and traditional energy power generators have signed a cooperation agreement; according to the cooperation agreement, the power generation of new energy power generators will reach a balanced state through the traditional energy power generators, and the total power demand of the demand-side nodes for new energy will be met first; after the new energy power generators reach a balanced state, the actual supply of electricity of the traditional energy power generators is calculated, and the initial information node of the traditional energy power generator is updated with the actual supply of electricity of the traditional energy power generators to obtain the updated information node of the traditional energy power generators; the updated information node of the traditional energy power generators is recorded as: ; Indicates the actual power supply; It represents the electricity selling price of traditional energy power generators; the calculation formula of actual supply electricity is:

[0048] ;

[0049] ;

[0050] in, Indicates H New energy generators in t The actual power generation during the time period; Indicates K Traditional energy generators t The actual power generation during the time period; Indicated in t The total electricity demand for new energy sources at the demand-side nodes during the time period; Indicates i Users in t The electricity demand for renewable energy during a period of time; N represents the number of users.

[0051] Preferably, in S3, the process of obtaining the updated information node includes:

[0052] Step 1: According to the cooperation agreement, the unbalanced electricity of the new energy power generator node is smoothed by the traditional energy power generator node; the deviation coefficient is calculated based on the actual supply electricity and the total electricity demand of the demand side node for traditional energy; the calculation formula of the deviation coefficient is:

[0053] ;

[0054] ;

[0055] in, represents the coefficient of deviation; Indicates the actual power supply; Indicated in t The total electricity demand of traditional energy sources at the demand-side nodes during the time period; Indicates i Users in t The electricity demand for traditional energy in a time period; N represents the number of users;

[0056] Step 2: Reflect the supply and demand imbalance based on the deviation coefficient, and regulate through the energy storage service provider node;

[0057] when When the total actual power generation of the two power generator nodes is greater than the total power demand of the demand side nodes, the energy storage service provider will purchase the excess power generation according to the cooperation agreement;

[0058] when When the supply and demand are balanced;

[0059] when When the total actual power generation of the two power generator nodes is less than the total power demand of the demand side nodes, the energy storage service provider will sell the stored power to the traditional energy power generator according to the cooperation agreement;

[0060] Step 3: After regulation, the updated information node is obtained.

[0061] Preferably, the updated information node is represented as:

[0062] ;

[0063] ;

[0064] in, Indicates the updated information node; Indicates the initial information node on the demand side; Indicates the node where the new energy generator updates information; Indicates the traditional energy generator update information node; Represents the initial information node of the energy storage service provider; TI Indicates the transaction result information node; Indicated in t The energy transaction volume of the demand-side node during the time period; Indicates the actual power supply; It represents the electricity selling price of new energy power generators; It represents the electricity selling price of traditional energy power generators; represents the coefficient of deviation;

[0065] The updated information node is put on the chain. According to the information in the updated information node, the algorithm in the smart contract automatically checks the demand of the demand side node and the supply of the power generation side node to confirm whether the demand can be met. When the demand matches the supply, the smart contract executes the transaction settlement, deducts the corresponding amount from the account of the demand side node, and transfers the amount to the account of the power generation side node.

[0066] Beneficial effects: This method can reduce the electricity purchase cost on the demand side, promote the consumption of new energy, increase the profits of power generators, and reduce carbon emissions, thereby helping to transform the energy production-side reform to the simultaneous transformation of production and consumption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0067] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0068] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a multi-market entity energy trading method for a new energy system according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0069] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present application, so the present application is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0070] With the large-scale development of new energy sources such as photovoltaics and wind power and the continuous advancement of the "dual carbon" goal, accelerating energy transformation and vigorously building a new energy system have become a hot topic in recent years. The main features of the new energy system are green and low-carbon, new energy as the main power supply, multi-energy complementarity, high integration of "source, grid, load and storage", and the establishment of an effectively competitive energy market system.

[0071] Blockchain technology can achieve data storage security and information transparency based on distributed ledgers, and can reduce the cost of purchasing servers. It can make distributed decisions using consensus mechanisms and automatically complete transaction processing using smart contracts, which can greatly improve the efficiency of power transactions and provide a new platform architecture for energy system management. The network characteristics of blockchain with multi-party co-governance and mutual supervision can effectively prevent denial, tampering and fraud in energy transactions, effectively solve the trust problem between transaction entities, realize the sharing and public use of information resources and real-time interaction, and are conducive to the development of market mechanisms.

[0072] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a multi-market subject energy trading method for a new energy system, the method comprising:

[0073] S1: Construct an energy trading market blockchain network model; the energy trading market blockchain network model includes new energy power generator nodes, traditional energy power generator nodes, demand side nodes, energy storage service provider nodes, smart contracts, and information nodes.

[0074] Specifically,

[0075] The new energy power generation node includes distributed new energy power generation of photovoltaic solar energy and wind energy;

[0076] The traditional energy power generation node includes traditional energy power generation nodes that burn coal and gas;

[0077] The demand-side nodes include users with electricity demand;

[0078] The energy storage service provider nodes include energy storage service providers that provide supercapacitors and storage stations;

[0079] The smart contract is embedded with the E-trading smart algorithm, which is used to establish data transmission relationships between nodes and realize strategic interaction between market players;

[0080] The information nodes include power usage, energy usage habits and / or inflow and outflow of power.

[0081] The information in the information node is uploaded to the main chain through the smart contract;

[0082] The power consumption and energy consumption habits are obtained through smart meters installed at the user's location; the inflow and outflow of power are obtained through flow meters installed at the user, new energy power generator, traditional energy power generator and service provider;

[0083] The initial information node is recorded as:

[0084] ;

[0085] ;

[0086] ;

[0087] ;

[0088] ;

[0089] in, Represents the initial information node; Indicates the initial information node on the demand side; Represents the initial information node of the new energy power generator; Indicates the initial information node of traditional energy power generator; Represents the initial information node of the energy storage service provider; Indicates i Users in t The total electricity demand during the time period; N represents the number of users; Indicates H New energy generators in t The actual power generation during the time period; It represents the electricity selling price of new energy power generators; Indicates K Traditional energy generators t The actual power generation during the time period; It represents the electricity selling price of traditional energy power generators; Indicates r Energy storage service providers t The price at which electricity is sold to generators during a time period; Indicates rEnergy storage service providers t The price of electricity purchased from power generators during a time period; the power generators include new energy power generators and traditional energy power generators.

[0090] The energy trading market blockchain network model is expressed as:

[0091] EMN= { H,K,D,S,IC};

[0092] Among them, H represents the new energy generator node; K represents the traditional energy generator node; D represents the demand side node; S represents the energy storage service provider node; IC represents the smart contract.

[0093] In this embodiment, in the energy trading market blockchain network model, a trading cycle is 24 hours, and market clearing is performed at intervals of 1 hour.

[0094] S2: A two-layer, multi-objective, and multi-market subject energy trading model is constructed based on the information of the demand side nodes. The energy trading model updates the information of the demand side nodes, the new energy power generator nodes, and the traditional energy power generator nodes based on the information of the demand side nodes.

[0095] Specifically, in step S2.1: the energy trading model includes an upper objective function and a lower objective function; the lower objective function is constructed by minimizing the total cost of electricity purchase of the demand side node; the upper objective function is constructed by maximizing the total profit of electricity sales of the two power generation nodes;

[0096] The calculation formula of the lower layer objective function is:

[0097] ;

[0098] ;

[0099] ;

[0100] ;

[0101] The constraints of the lower objective function are:

[0102] ;

[0103] in, Indicates i Users in t The cost of electricity purchased during the time period; Indicates i The green certificate transaction cost of each user on the trading day; Indicates i Users in tThe direct electricity purchase cost within the time period; N represents the number of users; T represents the transaction period; Indicates the transaction price of green certificates; Indicates i The number of green certificate quotas for each user; Indicates i The number of green certificates owned by a user through the purchase of renewable energy power generation; Indicates i Users in t The electricity demand for renewable energy during the time period; Indicates i Users in t Total electricity demand during the time period; Indicates the green certificate quantity quota coefficient; It represents the penalty cost for failing to meet the quota for new energy consumption; Indicates the penalty coefficient for new energy consumption not meeting the quota; Indicated in t The electricity sales price of new energy generators during the time period; Indicated in t The electricity sales price of traditional energy generators during the time period; Indicates i Users in t The electricity demand for traditional energy during a period of time.

[0104] The calculation formula of the upper layer objective function is:

[0105] ;

[0106] ;

[0107] ;

[0108] The constraints of the upper objective function are:

[0109] ;

[0110] in, Indicated in t The net profit of new energy power generators during the time period; Indicated in t The net profit of traditional energy generators during the time period; Indicated in t The electricity sales revenue of new energy generators during the time period; Indicated in t The electricity sales revenue of traditional energy generators during the time period; represents the total cost of renewable energy generators; Represents the total cost of traditional energy generators; Indicates H New energy generators in t The actual power generation during the time period; Indicates K Traditional energy generators t The actual power generation during the time period; Indicated in t The maximum power generation of renewable energy generators during the time period; Indicated in t The maximum power generation of traditional energy generators within a time period; T represents the transaction period.

[0111] Affected by factors such as weather, in the blockchain energy trading market, the actual power generation of the nodes of new energy generators may not match the power demand of the nodes on the demand side, but the mismatch can always be smoothed out through traditional energy generators based on the blockchain platform, so the power demand of the nodes on the demand side for the nodes of new energy generators can always be met first. and the electricity sales revenue of traditional energy generators They are calculated as:

[0112] ;

[0113] .

[0114] Furthermore, the total cost of new energy power generators and traditional energy power generators is mainly composed of their power generation costs. and , smooth out the costs caused by power imbalance and , Environmental governance costs and and spare capacity costs and It consists of four parts.

[0115] Different types of energy have different power generation costs. In this embodiment, the power generation costs of new energy and traditional energy are expressed by quadratic functions as follows:

[0116] ;

[0117] ;

[0118] in, , , is the power generation cost coefficient of the new energy power generator node; , , is the power generation cost coefficient of the traditional energy power generator node.

[0119] Furthermore, the calculation formulas for the cost of smoothing unbalanced electricity for new energy and traditional energy power generators are:

[0120] ;

[0121] ;

[0122] in, The price within the alliance at which the new energy generator node sells excess electricity. It represents the internal price of the alliance for the new energy power generation node to purchase the shortfall power; The price within the alliance at which traditional energy generator nodes sell excess electricity. The price within the alliance that traditional energy power generator nodes use to purchase the shortfall in electricity;

[0123] when and When it is less than 0, it indicates that the generator node sells excess electricity to obtain electricity sales revenue.

[0124] In addition, traditional energy generation will emit greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, resulting in corresponding environmental governance costs. When the power of new energy power generation nodes is insufficient, they need to temporarily purchase insufficient power from traditional energy power generation nodes to balance the power. Therefore, the new energy power generation nodes need to bear the carbon emission costs of this part of the power. The environmental governance cost calculation formulas for new energy and traditional energy power generation companies are:

[0125] ;

[0126] ;

[0127] In the formula, is the carbon price; The carbon emission intensity of the units in the nodes of traditional energy power generators;

[0128] In order to cope with demand fluctuations and emergencies and ensure the safe and stable operation of the power system, power generators generally do not run power generation equipment at full power and need to configure a certain amount of spare capacity, which incurs a certain amount of spare capacity cost. The present invention allocates the spare capacity cost to new energy and traditional energy generators according to the market demand ratio. Therefore, the spare capacity cost generated by the nodes of new energy generators and traditional energy generators is and The calculation formulas are:

[0129] ;

[0130] ;

[0131] ;

[0132] in, represents the unit reserve cost of the generator, and denote the upper and lower spinning reserve capacity factors respectively; Indicated in t The total electricity demand of the demand-side node during the time period. If the reserve capacity is too low, it will be difficult to cope with large demand fluctuations. If the reserve capacity is too high, it will affect the economic efficiency of the unit. Therefore, the power generation node needs to set different reserve capacity coefficients according to user needs and forecasts.

[0133] S2.2: Obtaining the total electricity demand during the trading period reported by the demand-side node through the initial information node;

[0134] S2.3: The lower objective function calculates each user's electricity demand for new energy and traditional energy based on the total electricity demand;

[0135] S2.4: The total electricity demand of new energy and traditional energy is uploaded to the chain, and the initial information node on the demand side is updated; the updated information node on the demand side indicates:

[0136] ;

[0137] in, Indicated in t The total electricity demand for new energy sources at the demand-side nodes during the time period; Indicated in t The total electricity demand of traditional energy sources at the demand-side nodes during the time period;

[0138] S2.5: The upper objective function calculates the optimal power generation of the new energy power generator and the optimal power generation of the traditional energy power generator based on the updated power demand;

[0139] S2.6: Uploading the calculated optimal power generation of the new energy power generator and the traditional energy power generator to the chain, and correspondingly updating the initial information node of the new energy power generator and the initial information node of the traditional energy power generator; including:

[0140] The optimal power generation of the new energy power generator is compared with the total power demand of the demand-side node for new energy in real time, the excess power and the shortage power are recorded, and the initial information node of the new energy power generator is updated with the excess power and the shortage power to obtain the updated information node of the new energy power generator. The updated information node of the new energy power generator is recorded as: ;in, It indicates the excess electricity of new energy power generators; Indicates the insufficient power of new energy power generators; Represents the electricity selling price of new energy power generators.

[0141] In the energy trading market based on the blockchain platform, new energy power generators and traditional energy power generators have signed cooperation agreements, which are recorded in the blockchain subchain in the form of smart contracts. Power generators in the cooperative alliance will strictly abide by the cooperation agreement for long-term interests, and those who violate the agreement will be expelled from the cooperative alliance. Therefore, power generators will give priority to promoting internal coordination of unbalanced power, and then settle with energy storage service providers, which can effectively prevent a power generator from selling excess power to energy storage service providers at a lower price, and purchasing high-priced power from energy storage service providers when power is insufficient.

[0142] Due to the existence of the alliance agreement, the nodes of new energy power generators will be higher than Internal price Sell ​​excess electricity to traditional energy generator nodes at a price lower than Internal price Purchase the shortfall electricity from the traditional energy generator nodes. Since the environmental governance costs can be avoided and passed on, the traditional energy generator nodes are also willing to purchase or sell electricity from the new energy generator nodes. Therefore, according to the cooperation agreement, the power generation of the new energy generator will reach a balanced state through the traditional energy generator, and the total electricity demand of the demand-side node for new energy will be met first; after the new energy generator reaches a balanced state, the actual supply of the traditional energy generator is calculated, and the actual supply of the traditional energy generator is used to update the initial information node of the traditional energy generator to obtain the updated information node of the traditional energy generator; the updated information node of the traditional energy generator is recorded as: ; Indicates the actual power supply; It represents the electricity selling price of traditional energy power generators; the calculation formula of actual supply electricity is:

[0143] ;

[0144] ;

[0145] in, Indicates H New energy generators in t The actual power generation during the time period; Indicates K Traditional energy generators t The actual power generation during the time period; Indicated in t The total electricity demand for new energy sources at the demand-side nodes during the time period; Indicates iUsers in t The electricity demand for renewable energy during a period of time; N represents the number of users.

[0146] S3: Based on the updated information of the demand-side node and the two power generators’ nodes, the deviation coefficient is calculated, the supply-demand imbalance is reflected based on the deviation coefficient, and the updated information node is obtained through regulation through the energy storage service provider node; based on the information in the updated information node, the transaction is settled through the smart contract.

[0147] Specifically, the process of obtaining the updated information node includes:

[0148] Step 1: According to the cooperation agreement, the unbalanced electricity of the new energy power generator node is smoothed by the traditional energy power generator node; the deviation coefficient is calculated based on the actual supply electricity and the total electricity demand of the demand side node for traditional energy; the calculation formula of the deviation coefficient is:

[0149] ;

[0150] ;

[0151] in, represents the coefficient of deviation; Indicates the actual power supply; Indicated in t The total electricity demand of traditional energy sources at the demand-side nodes during the time period; Indicates i Users in t The electricity demand for traditional energy in a time period; N represents the number of users;

[0152] Coefficient of variation It represents the deviation between the actual demand and the actual power generation during the trading period. Due to the uncertainty of the output of the nodes of new energy power generators and the large fluctuation of the load on the demand side, the calculated optimal power generation and the actual power generation may not be equal, which may cause the problem of mismatch between supply and demand. Therefore, the energy storage service provider node needs to be regulated.

[0153] Since the unbalanced electricity consumption at the nodes of new energy power generators can be smoothed by the nodes of traditional energy power generators, the nodes of energy storage service providers mainly regulate the unmatched electricity consumption at the nodes of traditional energy power generators.

[0154] Step 2: Reflect the supply and demand imbalance based on the deviation coefficient, and regulate through the energy storage service provider node;

[0155] when When the total actual power generation of the two power generator nodes is greater than the total power demand of the demand side nodes, the energy storage service provider will purchase the excess power generation according to the cooperation agreement;

[0156] when When the supply and demand are balanced;

[0157] when When the total actual power generation of the two power generator nodes is less than the total power demand of the demand side nodes, the energy storage service provider will sell the stored power to the traditional energy power generator according to the cooperation agreement;

[0158] Step 3: After regulation, the updated information node is obtained.

[0159] The updated information node is represented as:

[0160] ;

[0161] ;

[0162] in, Indicates the updated information node; Indicates the initial information node on the demand side; Indicates the node where the new energy generator updates information; Indicates the traditional energy generator update information node; Represents the initial information node of the energy storage service provider; TI Indicates the transaction result information node; Indicated in t The energy transaction volume of the demand-side node during the time period; Indicates the actual power supply; It represents the electricity selling price of new energy power generators; It represents the electricity selling price of traditional energy power generators; represents the coefficient of deviation;

[0163] The updated information node is put on the chain. According to the information in the updated information node, the algorithm in the smart contract automatically checks the demand of the demand side node and the supply of the power generation side node to confirm whether the demand can be met. When the demand matches the supply, the smart contract executes the transaction settlement, deducts the corresponding amount from the account of the demand side node, and transfers the amount to the account of the power generation side node.

[0164] This embodiment takes into account the green certificate transaction, provides a multi-market subject transaction method for the new energy system, and constructs a double-layer multi-objective multi-market subject energy transaction model. Since a double-layer multi-objective energy transaction optimization model is constructed, the transaction strategies at both ends of production and consumption are considered and the green certificate transaction mechanism is introduced on the demand side.

[0165] Therefore, through the implementation of this method, it is expected to reduce the electricity purchase cost on the demand side, promote the consumption of new energy, increase the profits of power generators, and reduce carbon emissions, thereby helping to transform the energy production-side reform to the simultaneous transformation of production and consumption.

[0166] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0167] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A multi-market subject energy trading method for a new energy system, characterized in that: include: S1: Constructing a blockchain network model for an energy trading market; the blockchain network model for an energy trading market includes new energy power generator nodes, traditional energy power generator nodes, demand-side nodes, energy storage service provider nodes, smart contracts, and information nodes; S2: constructing a double-layer multi-objective multi-market subject energy trading model based on the information of the demand side node, wherein the energy trading model updates the information of the demand side node, the new energy power generator node and the traditional energy power generator node based on the information of the demand side node; S2.1: The energy trading model includes an upper objective function and a lower objective function; the lower objective function is constructed by minimizing the total cost of electricity purchase of the demand-side node; the upper objective function is constructed by maximizing the total profit of electricity sales of the two power generation nodes; the calculation formula of the lower objective function is: ； ； ； ； The constraints of the lower objective function are: ； in, Indicates i Users in t The cost of electricity purchased during the time period; Indicates i The green certificate transaction cost of each user on the trading day; Indicates i Users in t The direct electricity purchase cost within the time period; N represents the number of users; T represents the transaction period; Indicates the transaction price of green certificates; Indicates i The number of green certificate quotas for each user; Indicates i The number of green certificates owned by a user through the purchase of renewable energy power generation; Indicates i Users in t The electricity demand for renewable energy during the time period; Indicates i Users in t Total electricity demand during the time period; Indicates the green certificate quantity quota coefficient; It represents the penalty cost for failing to meet the quota for new energy consumption; Indicates the penalty coefficient for new energy consumption not meeting the quota; Indicated in t The electricity sales price of new energy generators during the time period; Indicated in t The electricity sales price of traditional energy generators during the time period; Indicates i Users in t The electricity demand for traditional energy during the time period; S2.2: Obtaining the total electricity demand during the trading period reported by the demand-side node through the initial information node; S2.3: The lower objective function calculates each user's electricity demand for new energy and traditional energy based on the total electricity demand; S2.4: The total electricity demand of new energy and traditional energy is uploaded to the chain, and the initial information node on the demand side is updated; S2.5: The upper objective function calculates the optimal power generation of the new energy power generator and the optimal power generation of the traditional energy power generator based on the updated power demand; S2.6: The calculated optimal power generation of the new energy power generator and the traditional energy power generator is uploaded to the chain, and the initial information node of the new energy power generator and the initial information node of the traditional energy power generator are updated accordingly; S3: Calculate the deviation coefficient based on the updated information of the demand-side node and the two power generators’ nodes, reflect the supply-demand imbalance based on the deviation coefficient, and adjust and control it through the energy storage service provider node to obtain an updated information node; perform transaction settlement through a smart contract based on the transaction information in the updated information node.

2. The multi-market subject energy trading method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The new energy power generation node includes distributed new energy power generation of photovoltaic solar energy and wind energy; The traditional energy power generation node includes traditional energy power generation nodes that burn coal and gas; The demand-side nodes include users with electricity demand; The energy storage service provider nodes include energy storage service providers that provide supercapacitors and storage stations; The smart contract is embedded with the E-trading smart algorithm, which is used to establish data transmission relationships between nodes and realize strategic interaction between market players; The information nodes include power usage, energy usage habits and / or inflow and outflow of power.

3. The multi-market subject energy trading method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The information in the information node is uploaded to the main chain through the smart contract; The power consumption and energy consumption habits are obtained through smart meters installed at the user's location; the inflow and outflow of power are obtained through flow meters installed at the user, new energy power generator, traditional energy power generator and service provider; The initial information node is recorded as: ； ； ； ； ； in, Represents the initial information node; Indicates the initial information node on the demand side; Represents the initial information node of the new energy power generator; Indicates the initial information node of traditional energy power generators; Represents the initial information node of the energy storage service provider; Indicates i Users in t The total electricity demand during the time period; N represents the number of users; Indicates H New energy generators in t The actual power generation during the time period; It represents the electricity selling price of new energy power generators; Indicates K Traditional energy generators t The actual power generation during the time period; It represents the electricity selling price of traditional energy power generators; Indicates r Energy storage service providers t The price at which electricity is sold to generators during a time period; Indicates r Energy storage service providers t The price of electricity purchased from power generators during a time period; the power generators include new energy power generators and traditional energy power generators.

4. The multi-market subject energy trading method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: In the energy trading market blockchain network model, a trading cycle is 24 hours, and market clearing is performed at intervals of 1 hour.

5. The multi-market subject energy trading method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calculation formula of the upper layer objective function is: ； ； ； The constraints of the upper objective function are: ； in, Indicated in t The net profit of new energy power generators during the time period; Indicated in t The net profit of traditional energy generators during the time period; Indicated in t The electricity sales revenue of new energy generators during the time period; Indicated in t The electricity sales revenue of traditional energy generators during the time period; represents the total cost of renewable energy generators; Represents the total cost of traditional energy generators; Indicates H New energy generators in t The actual power generation during the time period; Indicates K Traditional energy generators t The actual power generation during the time period; Indicated in t The maximum power generation of renewable energy generators during the time period; Indicated in t The maximum power generation of traditional energy generators within a time period; T represents the transaction period.

6. The multi-market subject energy trading method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The corresponding updating of the initial information node of the new energy power generator and the initial information node of the traditional energy power generator includes: The optimal power generation of the new energy power generator is compared with the total power demand of the demand-side node for new energy in real time, the excess power and the shortage power are recorded, and the initial information node of the new energy power generator is updated with the excess power and the shortage power to obtain the updated information node of the new energy power generator. The updated information node of the new energy power generator is recorded as: ;in, It represents the excess electricity of new energy power generators; Indicates the insufficient power of new energy power generators; It represents the electricity selling price of new energy power generators; In the energy trading market based on the blockchain platform, new energy power generators and traditional energy power generators have signed a cooperation agreement; according to the cooperation agreement, the power generation of new energy power generators will reach a balanced state through the traditional energy power generators, and the total power demand of the demand-side nodes for new energy will be met first; after the new energy power generators reach a balanced state, the actual supply of electricity of the traditional energy power generators is calculated, and the initial information node of the traditional energy power generator is updated with the actual supply of electricity of the traditional energy power generators to obtain the updated information node of the traditional energy power generators; the updated information node of the traditional energy power generators is recorded as: ; Indicates the actual power supply; It represents the electricity selling price of traditional energy power generators; the calculation formula of actual supply electricity is: ； ； in, Indicates H New energy generators in t The actual power generation during the time period; Indicates K Traditional energy generators t The actual power generation during the time period; Indicated in t The total electricity demand for new energy sources at the demand-side nodes during the time period; Indicates i Users in t The electricity demand for renewable energy during a period of time; N represents the number of users.

7. The multi-market subject energy trading method according to claim 6, characterized in that: In S3, the process of obtaining the updated information node includes: Step 1: According to the cooperation agreement, the unbalanced electricity of the new energy power generator node is smoothed through the traditional energy power generator node; the deviation coefficient is calculated based on the actual supply electricity and the total electricity demand of the demand side node for traditional energy; the calculation formula of the deviation coefficient is: ； ； in, represents the coefficient of deviation; Indicates the actual power supply; Indicated in t The total electricity demand of traditional energy sources at the demand-side nodes during the time period; Indicates i Users in t The electricity demand for traditional energy in a time period; N represents the number of users; Step 2: Reflect the supply and demand imbalance based on the deviation coefficient, and regulate through the energy storage service provider node; when When the total actual power generation of the two power generator nodes is greater than the total power demand of the demand side nodes, the energy storage service provider will purchase the excess power generation according to the cooperation agreement; when When the supply and demand are balanced; when When the total actual power generation of the two power generator nodes is less than the total power demand of the demand side nodes, the energy storage service provider will sell the stored power to the traditional energy power generator according to the cooperation agreement; Step 3: After regulation, the updated information node is obtained.

8. The multi-market subject energy trading method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The updated information node is represented as: ； ； in, Indicates the updated information node; Indicates the initial information node on the demand side; Indicates the node where the new energy generator updates information; Indicates the traditional energy generator update information node; Represents the initial information node of the energy storage service provider; TI Indicates the transaction result information node; Indicated in t The energy transaction volume of the demand-side node during the time period; Indicates the actual power supply; It represents the electricity selling price of new energy power generators; It represents the electricity selling price of traditional energy power generators; represents the coefficient of deviation; The updated information node is put on the chain. According to the information in the updated information node, the algorithm in the smart contract automatically checks the demand of the demand side node and the supply of the power generation side node to confirm whether the demand can be met. When the demand matches the supply, the smart contract executes the transaction settlement, deducts the corresponding amount from the account of the demand side node, and transfers the amount to the account of the power generation side node.

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